Relevant bibliographies by topics / Membrane pore size

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers
  5. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Membrane pore size'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 2 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Membrane pore size"

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Huang, Rui, Hui Pan, Xing Zheng, et al. "Effect of Membrane Pore Size on Membrane Fouling of Corundum Ceramic Membrane in MBR." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 5 (2023): 4558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054558.

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Ceramic membrane has emerged as a promising material to address the membrane fouling issue in membrane bioreactors (MBR). In order to optimize the structural property of ceramic membrane, four corundum ceramic membranes with the mean pore size of 0.50, 0.63, 0.80, and 1.02 μm were prepared, which were designated as C5, C7, C13, and C20, respectively. Long-term MBR experiments showed that the C7 membrane with medium pore size experienced the lowest trans-membrane pressure development rate. Both the decrease and increase of membrane pore size would lead to more severe membrane fouling in the MBR
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Sakai, Motomu, Yukichi Sasaki, Takuya Kaneko, and Masahiko Matsukata. "Contribution of Pore-Connectivity to Permeation Performance of Silicalite-1 Membrane; Part I, Pore Volume and Effective Pore Size." Membranes 11, no. 6 (2021): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11060382.

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The micropore volumes and effective pore sizes of two types of silicalite-1 membranes were compared with those of a typical silicalite-1 powder. The silicalite-1 membrane with fewer grain boundaries in the membrane layer showed similar micropore volume and effective pores size to those of the silicalite-1 powder. In contrast, when the silicalite-1 membrane contained many grain boundaries, relatively small micropore volume and effective pore size were observed, suggesting that narrowing and obstruction of the micropore would occur along grain boundaries due to the disconnection of the zeolite p
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Sun, Wen Ting, Shuang Xi Liu, Xiao Yu Hu, Qiu Ying Jia, Ya Qin Shen, and Lu Lu Liu. "Preparation of Porous Polymer Membrane with Controllable Pore Size via Spray Spinning." Materials Science Forum 909 (November 2017): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.909.157.

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Polymer membranes with fixed pore size or narrow pore size distribution can be used for special separation. However, polymer membranes prepared by conventional method usually have wide pore size distribution and the pore size is hard to control. Here we prepared a porous polymer membrane with uniform pore size via spraying a blend of polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) on a filtration paper. Dissolving the water-soluble component (PEO) forms the pore and varying the ratios of PEO in the blend controls the pore size. The pore size and size distribution are also affected by processing
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Magueijo, Vitor, Viriato Semião, and Maria Norberta de Pinho. "Effect of Membrane Pore Size and Membrane-Solute Interactions on Lysozyme Ultrafiltration." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 1483–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.1483.

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A model based on steric hindrance mechanisms [1] is used to determine the pore sizes of two ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. The lysozyme rejection coefficients of those membranes are predicted through the same model after modification of the pore size and solute radius by taking into account the development of electric double layers. Two asymmetric cellulose acetate membranes M1 and M2 were prepared and characterized. Membrane M1 has an hydraulic permeability of 2.1x10-6 m/s/bar, a molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of 30,000 Da and an average pore radius of 2.6 nm. Membrane M2 has an hydraulic p
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Kaliwantoro, Nur, Marsetyawan HNE Soesatyo, Indarto Indarto, Mohammad Juffrie, Rini Dharmastiti, and Suprihatin Suprihatin. "ROLE OF REDUCING CELL LEAKAGE IN CELL CULTURE USING LARGE PORE SIZE PERMEABLE MEMBRANE." Jurnal Teknosains 6, no. 1 (2017): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/teknosains.27192.

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Permeable membranes are widely used in many in vitro studies using cell culture. Some cell leakage are often occurs when using permeable membrane with large pore size. Unfortunately the use of permeable membrane with smaller pore size in permeability studies faces some difficulties due to its small pore size and pore density. Recent study provides the protocol in using permeable membrane with large pore size with smaller cell leakage. Vero cell line (CCL-81, ATCC) was used and culture on polyester permeable membrane with 3 µm pore size. Visualization using inverted microscope was used to anali
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Huang, Zhongping, Weiming Zhang, Jianping Yu, and Dayong Gao. "Nanoporous Alumina Membranes for Enhancing Hemodialysis." Journal of Medical Devices 1, no. 1 (2006): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2360949.

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The nonuniformity of pore size and pore distribution of the current hemodialysis membrane results in low efficiency of uremic solute removal as well as the loss of albumin. By using nanotechnology, an anodic alumina membrane (ceramic membrane) with self-organized nanopore structure was produced. The objective of this study was to fabricate nanoporous alumina membranes and investigate the correlation between various anodization conditions and the pore characteristics in order to find its potential application in artificial kidney/hemodialysis. An aluminum thin film was oxidized in two electroly
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Jin, Le, How Yong Ng, and Say Leong Ong. "Performance and fouling characteristics of different pore-sized submerged ceramic membrane bioreactors (SCMBR)." Water Science and Technology 59, no. 11 (2009): 2213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.256.

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The membrane bioreactor (MBR), a combination of activated sludge process and the membrane separation system, has been widely used in wastewater treatment. However, 90% of MBR reported were employing polymeric membranes. The usage of ceramic membranes in MBR is quite rare. Four submerged ceramic membrane bioreactors (SCMBRs) with different membrane pore size were used in this study to treat sewage. The results showed that the desirable carbonaceous removal of 95% and ammonia nitrogen removal of 98% were obtained for all the SCMBRs. It was also showed that the ceramic membranes were able to reje
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Liu, Su Wen, and Hai Zheng Zhang. "A New Retention Method for Sub-10 nm Liquid Filtration Using Fluorescent CdSe QDs." Solid State Phenomena 195 (December 2012): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.195.217.

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As advances are made in the lithographic patterning process and critical defect size continues to shrink, new filters are required to remove particles in the sub-10 nm size range. Membrane filtration separates unwanted particles from a fluid by retaining particles on the membrane surface and pores, in much the same manner as a sieve. One key parameter of membrane performance is pore size, usually expressed as pore diameter. However, for nanofiltration, especially for the membranes whose pore size measures under 30 nm, manufacturers may use different methods to rate the membranes pore. Consider
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Vasic, Vesna, Marina Sciban, Aleksandar Jokic, Jelena Prodanovic, and Dragana Kukic. "Microfiltration of distillery stillage: Influence of membrane pore size." Acta Periodica Technologica, no. 43 (2012): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt1243217v.

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Stillage is one of the most polluted waste products of the food industry. Beside large volume, the stillage contains high amount of suspended solids, high values of chemical oxygen demand and biological oxygen demand, so it should not be discharged in the nature before previous purification. In this work, three ceramic membranes for microfiltration with different pore sizes were tested for stillage purification in order to find the most suitable membrane for the filtration process. Ceramic membranes with a nominal pore size of 200 nm, 450 nm and 800 nm were used for filtration. The influence o
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Jin, Dongliang, Tao Zhang, Meng Guo, Nanhua Wu, and Jing Zhong. "Molecular Simulations of the Gas Diffusion through the Two-Dimensional Graphyne Membrane." Separations 10, no. 9 (2023): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations10090499.

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Owing to the unified and tunable pore size, two-dimensional graphyne membranes show excellent performance in the realm of gas transport and separations. The impacts of environmental conditions on the pore size of a porous membrane are ignored in previous studies. Using molecular modeling techniques, we here probe the accessible pore size of the γ-graphyne membrane under various pressure and temperature conditions. First, by assessing the gas permeation through the two-dimensional γ-graphyne membrane at a constant temperature, the accessible pore size of this membrane is shown to be proportiona
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Membrane pore size"

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Bromley, Alan J. "Slotted and circular pore surface microfiltration." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2002. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13634.

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The work described by this thesis is a comparison of pore opening geometry for true surface microfilters. True surface microfilters can be thought of as very fine sieves, with pore sizes less than 10 microns. All other types of so-called microfiltration membranes do not rely on sieving, but obtain their pore retention rating by particle collection mechanisms similar to depth filters. Particle deposition within such microfilters results in permeate flow rate dechne, for a fixed pressure filtration, or pressure drop rise, for a fixed rate filtration. The true surface microfilter pore geometnes c
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Elgar, Dale. "Ion selectivity and membrane potential effects of two scorpion pore-forming peptides / D. Elgar." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/991.

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Parabutoporin (PP) and opistoporin 1 (OP1) are cation, a-helical antimicrobial peptides isolated from the southern African scorpion species, Parabuthus schlechteri and Opistophthalmus carinatus, respectively. Along with their antimicrobial action against bacteria and fungi, these peptides show pore-forming properties in the membranes of mammalian cells. Pore-formation and ion selectivity in cardiac myocytes were investigated by measuring the whole cell leak current by means of the patch clamp technique. Pore-formation was observed as the induction of leak currents. Ion selectivity of the pores
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Gassara, Sana. "Préparation des membranes à base de poly(étherimide) fonctionnalisées et à taille de pores contrôlée : application à la séparation sélective des ions et des acides aminés." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20131.

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Des gammes de membranes en poly(étherimide) (PEI) fonctionnalisées avec des tailles de pores contrôlées ont été préparées en se basant sur deux étapes successives : élaboration des membranes UF de seuil de coupure (MWCO) de 120 ± 10 kDa par la technique inversion de phase induite par la coagulation dans l'eau suivie d'un traitement de surface par une solution aqueuse contenant des oligomères aminés. Une modification avec un dérivé monoaminé commercial, le Jeffamine M-2070, a donné des membrane recouvertes de brosses de courtes chaines de poly(éthylèneglycol) (PEG-PEI) qui ont rendu la membrane
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Zhang, Qiang. "Performance Evaluation and Characterization of an Innovative Membrane Bioreactor in the Treatment of Wastewater and Removal of Pharmaceuticals and Pesticides." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1238718417.

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Rungta, Meha. "Carbon molecular sieve dense film membranes for ethylene/ethane separations." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50121.

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The current work focused on defining the material science options to fabricate novel, high performing ethylene/ethane (C₂H₄/C₂H₆) separation carbon molecular sieve (CMS) dense film membranes. Three polymer precursors: Matrimid®, 6FDA-DAM and 6FDA:BPDA-DAM were used as precursors to the CMS membranes. CMS performances were tailored by way of tuning pyrolysis conditions such as the pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, pyrolysis atmosphere etc. The CMS dense film membranes showed attractive C₂H₄/C₂H₆ separation performance far exceeding the polymeric membrane performances. Semi-quantitative diffu
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Gutta, Rajesh. "Barrier membranes for ridge augmentation is there an optimal pore size? /." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. http://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2007m/gutta.pdf.

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McCool, Benjamin A. "Synthesis and Characterization of Microporous Silica Membranes Fabricated through Pore Size Reduction of Mesoporous Silica Membranes Using Catalyzed Atomic Layer Deposition." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/McCoolBA2004.pdf.

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Chemudupati, Mahesh. "Investigating the effects of nuclear envelope proteins on nuclear structure and organization in Aspergillus nidulans." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148009978216118.

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Flanagan, Michael F. "Polybenzimidazole Membranes Functionalized to Increase Hydrophilicity, Increase Surface Charge, and Reduce Pore Size for Forward Osmosis Applications." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1336691748.

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Kamani, Ali Dehghan Ghanat. "Modelo Estoc?stico para bloqueio de poros e redu??o de permeabilidade." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12987.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AliDGK_DISSERT.pdf: 1533034 bytes, checksum: 5570fc0acd3b2b8bab1dc04b3e8c619f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-29<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior<br>Modeling transport of particulate suspensions in porous media is essential for understanding various processes of industrial and scientific interest. During these processes, particles are retained due to mechanisms like size exclusion (straining), adsorption, sedimentation and diffusion. In this thesis, a mathematical model is propo
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Book chapters on the topic "Membrane pore size"

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Bowry, S. K. "Nano-Controlled Membrane Spinning Technology: Regulation of Pore Size, Distribution and Morphology of a New Polysulfone Dialysis Membrane." In Contributions to Nephrology. KARGER, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000060234.

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Tietze, R., P. Lötzsch, and K. Franke. "DETERMINATION OF PORE SIZE DISTRIBUTION: AN IMPROVED METHOD." In Synthetic Polymeric Membranes, edited by Blahoslav Sedláček and Jaroslav Kahovec. De Gruyter, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110867374-061.

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He-ding, J., W. Ling-ling, and L. Shu-xiua. "PORE SIZE MEASUREMENT OF MICROPOROUS MEMBRANES WITH STANDARD PARTICLES." In Synthetic Polymeric Membranes, edited by Blahoslav Sedláček and Jaroslav Kahovec. De Gruyter, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110867374-064.

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Persson, Kenneth M., and Gun Trägårdh. "The pore size of ultrafiltration membranes — a novel approach." In Developments in Food Engineering. Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2674-2_209.

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Pakhomov, A. G., B. L. Ibey, A. M. Bowman, F. M. Andre, and O. N. Pakhomova. "Nanosecond-Duration Electric Pulses Open Nanometer-Size Pores in Cell Plasma Membrane." In IFMBE Proceedings. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03895-2_6.

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Zhang, G. C., Bao Qing Zhang, Xu Ping Lin, Yun Fa Chen, and Yu Xheng Xie. "Pore Size Determination of Supported Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Membranes by Modified Gas Permeation Method." In High-Performance Ceramics III. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-959-8.881.

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Hartmann, Lissy M., Alvaro Garcia, Evelyne Deplazes, and Charles G. Cranfield. "Determining the Pore Size of Multimeric Peptide Ion Channels Using Cation Conductance Measures of Tethered Bilayer Lipid Membranes." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1843-1_7.

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Palacio-Castañeda, Valentina, Roland Brock, and Wouter P. R. Verdurmen. "Generation of Protein-Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligomer Conjugates for Efficient Cellular Delivery via Anthrax Protective Antigen." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2010-6_8.

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AbstractPhosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs) offer great promise as therapeutic agents for translation blocking or splice modulation due to their high stability and affinity for target sequences. However, in spite of their neutral charge as compared to natural oligonucleotides or phosphorothioate analogs, they still show little permeability for cellular membranes, highlighting the need for effective cytosolic delivery strategies. In addition, the implementation of strategies for efficient cellular targeting is highly desirable to minimize side effects and maximize the drug dose at it
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Rahman, M. A., M. A. Mutalib, K. Li, and M. H. D. Othman. "Pore Size Measurements and Distribution for Ceramic Membranes." In Membrane Characterization. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63776-5.00010-3.

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Swain, S. K. "Porous Membrane and their Applications." In Advanced Functional Membranes. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901816-6.

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Porous membranes have several uses in separation technology. This chapter basically explored various fabrication routes of different types of porous membranes and their applications in industrial and biomedical fields. The urgent need of a low cost perfect membrane needs to be optimised with good mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and thermal stability. This chapter focuses on producing porous polymeric/ceramic membranes with nano/submicron holes using block copolymer self-assembly, track etching, 3D printing, nanoimprinting, lithography, and electrospinning, etc. Porous polymeric/ceram
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Conference papers on the topic "Membrane pore size"

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Ting, Yung-Chiang, and Shyi-Long Shy. "Pore size control of alumina membrane mask." In Photomask and Next Generation Lithography Mask Technology XIII, edited by Morihisa Hoga. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.681837.

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Huang, Zhongping, Weiming Zhang, Sonja M. Tang, Jianping Yu, Stephen J. Lai-Fook, and Dayong Gao. "A Study of a New Ceramic Membrane for Use in Hemodialysis." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59404.

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The non-uniformity of pore size and pore distribution of the current hemodialysis membrane results in low efficiency of uremic solute removal as well as the loss of albumin. By using nano technology, an anodic alumina membrane (ceramic membrane) with self-organized nano-pore structure was produced. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between various anodization conditions and the pore characteristics of the ceramic membrane as a potential use in artificial kidney / hemodialysis. An aluminum thin film was oxidized in two electrolytes consisting of 3% and 5% sulfuric a
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Karlsson, Jens O. M., and Mehmet Toner. "Thermally-Induced Pore Formation in Cell Membranes." In ASME 1996 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1996-0745.

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Abstract A statistical mechanical model of pore formation in lipid bilayer membranes due to thermal fluctuations is coupled with a model of diffusion in pores to obtain predictions of cell membrane permeabilities to a variety of molecules. Predictions of pore size distributions in the cell membrane, as well as activation energies for transmembrane transport, are obtained for water, glycerol, and electrolytes, in a wide range of cell types. A good correlation between theoretical predictions and experimental data from the literature indicates that diffusion through transient bilayer pores may be
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Anderson, Gary A., Anil Kommareddy, Zhengrong Gu, Joanne Puetz Anderson, and Stephen P. Gent. "Experimental Determination of Pressure Loss Through Porous Membranes." In ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2014-6460.

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Air with carbon dioxide is bubbled through Photobioreactors (PBRs) to add carbon dioxide to the reactor medium, remove oxygen, and mix the medium. Most PBR systems use various types of spargers/diffusers that consist of straight or curved tubes with perforation in them to inject air into the PBR reactor volume. A possible novel approach to introducing air into the PBR reactor volume is to use a plenum under the PBR reactor volume in conjunction with a porous membrane that separates the air in the plenum from the liquid medium in the reactor volume. The resistance offered by the porous membrane
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G. Giorges, Aklilu T., and John A. Pierson. "The Comparison of Membrane Blocking Process and Yeast Membrane Filtration Data." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66944.

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Membrane filtration systems are used in a variety of processing industries where their performance meet and exceed the requirements in cost and quality. However, it is a challenge to design a small pore-size membrane system that treats very concentrated, large-volume streams within a reasonable time period. In the processing industries, several membrane technologies are used to separate various fluid streams where the concentrate or filtrate contains high-value products. Nevertheless, pore blocking is one of the major factors determining the applicability, efficiency and performance of the mem
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Lee, Dae-Sik, Hyun Woo Song, Choon Ki Choi, and Mun Yun Jung. "Pore-size control of nanopores for membrane nanosieve using nano-imprinting method." In Nano-Bio Sensing, Imaging and Spectroscopy, edited by Shin Won Kang, Seung-Han Park, Luke P. Lee, Ki-Bong Song, and Yo Han Choi. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2018696.

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Emori, Kanako, Akio Yonezu, Takumi Nagakura, and Tatsuma Miura. "Anisotropic Deformation Behavior of Porous Polymeric Membranes Under Uni-Axial and Bi-Axial Loadings." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11099.

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Abstract This study systematically investigates the uniaxial and biaxial tensile deformation behavior of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes which are used for water purification. The present PTFE membrane has micron size pores with open cell structure, and the pore is anisotropic shape. During the uniaxial tensile test, the membranes undergo elastic deformation and plastic deformation with strain rate sensitivity (i.e. time-dependent deformation behavior). In addition, it strongly demonstrates anisotropic deformation, i.e. deformation behavior is different along longitudinal direction an
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Huang, Zhonping, Anil C. Attaluri, Amit Belwalkar, William Van Geertruyden, Dayong Gao, and Wojciech Misiolek. "An Experimental Study of Transport Properties of Ceramic Membranes for Use in Hemodialysis." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192808.

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Hemodialysis (HD) remains the primary treatment modality for the management of renal failure patients. Hemodialysis membranes play an important role in renal replacement therapy (RRT). HD is an extracorporeal blood clean process where the major mass transfer mechanism is diffusion. This therapy is mainly effectual for low molecular weight (LMW) solutes (such as urea and creatinine) removal or clearance for which diffusive mass transfer is a swift process. There is an increase in the removal of middle molecular weight (MMW) solutes (such as β2-microglobulin) when high flux membranes are availab
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Artemova, D. G. "The influence of microwave radiation on the pore size in a bilayer lipid membrane." In 2020 International Conference Laser Optics (ICLO). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iclo48556.2020.9285892.

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Asiri, Jaber M., Abdulaziz M. Alasiri, Justin Caspar, Guanyang Xue, and Alparslan Oztekin. "Performance Characterization of Hollow Fiber Direct Contact Membrane Distillation Module." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-70229.

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Abstract Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were carried out to study the performance of a single hollow fiber in a direct contact membrane distillation (HF-DCMD) module for a desalination process. The feed solution is seawater with a salt (NaCl) concentration of 35 g/L. The Navier-Stokes, mass and energy transport equations are considered, with a coupled boundary condition imposed by the membrane. The system is investigated to examine sensitivity toward the membrane thickness, pore size, and inner hollow fiber diameter based on existing commercial fibers. Two membrane thicknesses
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Reports on the topic "Membrane pore size"

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Shai, Yechiel, Arthur Aronson, Aviah Zilberstein, and Baruch Sneh. Study of the Basis for Toxicity and Specificity of Bacillus thuringiensis d-Endotoxins. United States Department of Agriculture, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7573995.bard.

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The report contains three parts which summarizes the three years achievements of the three participating research groups; The Weizmann group, Tel-Aviv group and Purdue group. The firs part describes the achievements obtained by Shai's group toward the elucidation of the mechanism of membrane insertion and the structural organization of the pores formed by the Cry3A and Cry1Ac B. thuringiensis d-endotoxins. For that purpose Shai's group synthesized, fluorescently labeled and structurally and functionally characterized peptides corresponding to the seven helices that compose the pore-forming dom
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