Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Membre inférieur – Fractures – Thérapeutique'
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Sauget, Jean-Baptiste. "L'enclouage centro-médullaire des fractures diaphysaires aux membres inférieurs : expérience du matériel de Russel-Taylor sur 6 ans : révision de 356 enclouages." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON11033.
Full textAkplogan, Barnabé. "Points moteurs du membre pelvien : Etude anatomo-physiologique et application à la réeducation des traumatismes du membre inférieur." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CLF20036.
Full textBouquillard, Eric. "Fractures par insuffisance osseuse du bassin et des membres inférieurs." Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11048.
Full textTouati, Laurence. "Stade ganglionnaire régional des mélanomes des membres inférieurs : curage inguinal thérapeutique versus curage inguino-iliaque thérapeutique." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR23012.
Full textSignac, Angélique. "Bilan de deux années de réadaptation de patients amputés vasculaires du membre inférieur." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2M110.
Full textPecout, Daniel. "La débitmétrie électromagnétique externe avec hyperhémie : intérêt dans le dépistage et l'évaluation thérapeutique des artériopathies des membres inférieurs." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11210.
Full textAras, Abdelkader. "Ischémie chronique critique des membres inférieurs : à propos de 84 pontages fémoro-jambiers pour sauvetage de membres." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR23064.
Full textSilvestre, Alain. "L'angioplastie endoluminale per-cutanée ou per-opératoire dans le traitement de l'artérite des membres inférieurs." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR25152.
Full textZaric, Violeta. "Transfection endovasculaire du gène du Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) vectorisé par le polyéthylènimine (PEI) dans un modèle d'ischémie périphérique chez le lapin : Optimisation des formulations PEI / ADN dans une stratégie thérapeutique angiogénique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13156.
Full textThe spontaneous development of new collateral vessels by sprouting of preexisting capillaries: angiogenesis, occurred in ischemic tissues but may be inefficient to allow oxygen and nutriments supplies to tissues suffering ischemia. In therapeutic angiogenesis, angiogenic factors are delivered to tissues in order to stimulate the arterial growth in response to hypoxia. The aim of this work was to evaluate, in vitro and in a model of peripheral ischemia, the efficacy of an angiogenic therapeutic strategy using the gene transfer of the human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF165h) vectorised by, polyethylenimine (PEI), a cationic polymerThe transfection efficacies of two PEI derivatives: a linear PEI (L-PEI) and a glycosylated derivative (L-PEI-Glc4) were compared into HUVEC. After 4h of incubation, L-PEI-Glc4/DNA complexed in NaCl induced up to 50% of transfection quantified 24h later, without a major toxicity. Using confocal microscopy, the complexes internalised by endocytosis 2h after the onset of transfection. They were trafficking to the nuclear area 4h later. In rabbit, following arterial transfection with a channel catheter, the optimal L-PEI-Glc4/DNA (1 mg/ml) was infused for 20 min. Ten percent of the endothelial cells was transfected, without any systemic dissemination of the transgene in main organs. In the rabbit ischemic hindlimb model, L-PEI-Glc4/VEGF complexes were transfected at the occlusion site at day 7. Ex vivo secretion of VEGF was 5 times higher in the treated arteries compared to the control. The arterial flow measured 3 weeks after transfection at the occlusion site was significantly higher in the VEGF treated arteries than in control. Therapeutic angiogenesis by gene transfer using VEGF vectorised by PEI is efficient and safe in an animal model of peripheral ischemia
Leobon, Bertrand. "Etudes des potentiels cardiogéniques et angiogéniques in vivo des cellules dérivées des tissus adipeux." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU30218.
Full textThe transplantation of myoblasts in a myocardial infarction led to the formation of myotubes with electrophysiological properties different from those of cardiomyocytes and showed the absence of electromechanical coupling with the surrounding myocardium. We then used cardiomyogenic cells from murin adipose tissue (AD-CMG). An optimized culture procedure to obtain a large quantity of these cells. The transplantation of these cells expressing green fluorescent protein in an murin ischemic myocardium showed a cardiac differentiation. The assessment by echocardiography showed the absence of ventricular dilation and a significant stability of the left ventricular function. In addition to a mechanism of myocardial regeneration, the angiogenic assumption was investigated in a model of chronic myocardial infarction in rats, by comparing the injection of 3 types of murine cells: ADSC (adipose-derived stromal cells), AD-CMG and bone marrow mononuclear cells. Both adipose populations improved the left ventricular function on echocardiography, myocardial viability on positron emission tomography and increased capillary density. Finally, after the assessment of safety and technical feasibility, a phase Ia clinical trial on the treatment of chronic critical ischemia of the lower limb by autologous ADSC was initiated. The primary endpoints are feasibility and tolerance. Clinical benefits associated with the treatment are under investigation as secondary criteria. The promising properties of cells derived from adipose tissue in the cardiovascular field pave the way for many clinical applications in the areas of myocardial regeneration, revascularization or biomaterials
Al, Rifai Rida. "ASPIC - Analyse du site d’implantation de produit de thérapie cellulaire dans un modèle d’ischémie critique des membres inférieurs." Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIMM206/document.
Full textPeripheral artery disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic obstructive disease affecting lower limbs arteries. It affects nearly 20% of over 70s. Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is the ultimate stage and requires revascularization. Cell therapy (CT) has been proposed for patients with CLI. Clinical trials were encouraging but failed to establish efficacy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be a better option as they combine angiogenic and immunomodulatory properties. MSCs can be obtained from BMCs of CLI-patients. The aim of this study was first to evaluate, in a murine hindlimb ischemia model, the efficacy of two types of MSCs: undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and “endothelial like” MSCs (MELs) in comparison with currently used BMCs. Secondly, the objective was to perform a non-invasive analysis of ischemic limb using Raman Spectroscopy. MELs and MSCs induced complete perfusion restoration whereas BMCs did not. The complete flow recovery was significantly earlier with MELs in comparison with MSCs. Both MSCs and MELs improved functionality more efficiently than BMCs. Interestingly, complete limb salvage was observed in the MELs treated group exclusively. In muscles, MELs induced the highest rate of neoangiogenesis and the best muscle repair as shown by the presence of regenerated myofibers. Spectral acquisitions revealed that Raman spectroscopy can discriminate ischemic limb from healthy limb and can grade ischemia over time.Our study brings evidence that MELs obtained from CLI-patients can restore blood flow and provide muscle repair. Moreover Raman spectroscopy could be used clinically to assess ischemia in CLI-patients
Lemaire, Alexandra. "Lombalgies chroniques : évaluation des facteurs mécaniques des membres inférieurs au moyen des relations moment-vitesse." Thesis, Le Mans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEMA1024/document.
Full textLow back pain is a public health problem inducing economical and social consequences. Chronicity involves less than 10% of low back pain, but represents 85% of the total costs related to this pathology. In this context, it seems essential to optimize chronic low back pain rehabilitation programs to make them more effective and relevant. The purpose of this phD was then to evaluate lower limbs mechanical factors using torque- and power-velocity relationships. In a first study, knee extensors muscles and trunk flexor and extensor muscles were evaluated in chronic low back pain and healthy subjects. A significant knee extensor strength and power weakness weas observed for chronic low back pain subjects, associated with the typical trunk weakness referred to this population. The second study focused on establishing a protocol allowing assessing hip flexor and extensor torque- and power-velocity relationships. This protocol was then applied to evaluate flexor and extensor hip muscles in chronic low back pain subjects. Results, in accordance with the first study, highlighted a significant strength and power weakness for hip muscle groups in chronic low back pain relative to healthy subjects, with a greater hip extensor deficit, as it is generally observed for the trunk.In conclusion, these different studies showed the importance of proposing torque and power lower limbs rehabilitation for chronic low back pain patients to better fight against the deconditioning syndrome that affects all muscular chains in this population
Müllenheim, Rosenbourg Pierre-Yves de. "Évaluation et compréhension des limitations fonctionnelles dans l'artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs : validation du géo-positionnement par satellites pour l’étude de la dépense énergétique lors de la marche en extérieur & étude de l’effet de la durée de récupération sur la capacité de marche." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN20053/document.
Full textLower-extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a non-communicable disease that is associated with atherosclerosis and that leads, in most patients, to ischemia (mismatch between blood demand and blood supply) during exercise. Exercise-induced ischemia may lead to the occurrence of pain in the lower extremities during walking, thus limitingwalking capacity. Assessing walking capacity is an important step in the management of PAD patients. Thanks to the development of activity monitors such as global positioning system (GPS), it is possible to assess walking capacity under real-life conditions with measurements performed in outdoor settings. These GPS measurements have highlighted thefact that walking capacity seems variable and is likely to be influenced by the recovery duration between two symptoms-limited walks. However, this remains to be demonstrated in standardized conditions. Moreover, methodological advances are needed to standardize and express more adequately GPS data in order to better interpret walking capacity measurements. Therefore, the aim of the present thesis was two-fold: i) to validate a method for estimating walking energy expenditure (EE) in healthy subjects in outdoor setting, and that could be used in the future in PAD patients in order to compare walking capacity results obtained in outdoor setting; ii) to determine to which extent the duration of the recovery period that follows a first symptom-limited walk influences walking capacity measured during the subsequent walk in PADpatients. Our results show that GPS allows accurate estimations of walking EE in healthy subjects in outdoor setting and with various conditions of speed and grade. Moreover, our results clearly show that recovery duration influences walking capacity in PAD patients. The logarithmic shape of the relationship supports further analyses to determine a minimum recovery duration that could maximize patients walking capacity. This could have interesting implications for the development of new exercise walking programs in PAD and/or to help patients to better manage their pain during daily life
Guérin, Coralie. "Biomarqueurs cellulaires circulants de la dysfonction endothéliale : détection et potentiel vasculaire." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05P608.
Full textIn endothelial dysfunction, circulating endothelial compartment simultaneously plays the role of actor involved in the regeneration of injured tissue and reflects endothelium state. In peripheral arterial disease (PAD), one of the research areas is the development of a cellular therapy product capable of inducing the formation of neo-Vessels. Faced with the difficulty to obtain and amplify endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in adults, one of the assumptions lets consider the use of other cell types with vasculogenic properties. In patients with cardiovascular disease, and PAD in particular, bone marrow mononuclear cells and EPC show reduced angiogenic properties. We have demonstrated the ability of isolated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from PAD patients to induce reperfusion by recruitment of endothelial cells in situ, with the same efficiency as that of healthy donors MSCs. MSCs do not differentiate into endothelial cells but act by paracrine. The second hypothesis of obtaining an autologous angiogenic cell therapy product is to sort cells more immature than the CPE and to differentiate them secondarily into endothelial lineage as the pathological cell model of hemangioma stem cells CD133 + which lets consider the Very Small Embryonic like stem cells (VSEL), CD133 + multipotent stem cells as a potential candidate of postnatal vascular cell. We have derived and cultured in angiogenic conditions VSEL that acquired a mesenchymal phenotype but exhibited a secretory profile similar to that of EPC. VSEL promote post-Ischemic revascularization and acquire an endothelial phenotype in vitro and in vivo suggesting that VSEL may be responsible for the endothelial lineage. VSEL also appear as a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction mobilized from bone marrow (BM) to peripheral blood (PB) in patients with PAD. Cellular circulating biomarkers are not only non-Invasive markers of endothelium but can also provide useful information for the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic monitoring of patients with endothelial dysfunction associated pathologies. Changing the number of EPC and circulating endothelial cells (CEC) in the circulation has been reported in different pathological situations respectively associated with endothelial regeneration and alteration such as the increase of CEC in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The reference technique for the enumeration of CEC in peripheral blood is magnetic immunoseparation (IMS). This non-Automated and time-Consuming method, based on the enumeration by fluorescence microscopy of CD146 + cells isolated. Although reproducible, this count is subject to many through quantification, difficult to implement and subject to interpretation. The development of an acoustic focusing cytometry (AFC) method for automated detection of CEC has proved reliable and robust results, in a cohort of patients with PAH treated or not, constituting a relevant alternative analysis to microscopy. All of this work opens new perspectives in the detection of cellular circulating biomarkers involved in endothelial dysfunction, suggesting VSEL as new vasculogenic actor
Keays, Glenn. "Association entre sévérité d'une blessure aux membres chez les enfants et les adolescents et risque de blessures subséquentes." Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17093.
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