Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mémoire collective et historique'
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Malenfant, Séverine. "La fête historique, mémoire collective et affirmation identitaire : les fêtes historiques du Sud de l'Allemagne et leurs « textualités »." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT3043.
Full textEach year, the historical festivals of the South of Germany plunge us in the events of the 30year War. They reaffirm the bonds of a town with its past and thus express a collective identity. Although they pride themselves on authenticity, the shows are built on a sedimentation of various contributions, amalgamating disparate elements. They imply an intrication of facts and imagination. These “past manufacturing machines” register pre-built ways of thinking which seem like a statement of the obvious. Thus, they obtain a character of authority and convey the messages and beliefs more easily. Marked by the logic of the things “of one world the right side up”, they underline the hierarchical distinctions and stem from an ideological component consisting in the religious affiliation of the groups and their political continuity. So they betray the true nature of the human feast, the kingdom of equality and universality, the divine roundness of the moment, the merry negation of identity
Delorme, Isabelle. "Les récits mémoriels historiques : mémoire individuelle et mémoire collective du XXe siècle en bande dessinée." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0053.
Full textA new genre of comics has developped, the historical graphic memoir, which is based on the author’s personal experience (Marjane Satrapi- Persepolis ) of a major historical event of the twentieth or the twenty- first century, or on one of the author's relatives (Art Spiegelman- Maus ). A graphic novel of the sort is mainly based on the need to transmit a family history. The intimate and personal nature of this type of book implies that a historical graphic memoir is, in most cases, the work of a single author, who directs the script, as well as the drawing and possibly the colour setting. The moral commitment, the involvement of the author in giving an accurate picture of the facts, both personal and historical, induces an important documentary research. The historical graphic memoir is the expression of an individual memory, that is also representative of a collective memory. The appearance of this new genre is linked with the growing interest in memory since the late twentieth century. This is, somehow, a visual and narrative marker of "memorial activism" as highlighted by Henry Rousso. This creates a pictorial memory, a traumatic memory where the picture is predominant; drawn or photographic, it interacts with the text and impresses durably. These albums are accurate and their publication influences the representation we have of historical facts. Maus, the one album ever to have been awarded a Pulitzer Prize (1992) has contributed to a profound change in people's outlook on the Holocaust
Audet, Francine. "Mémoire du Québec, conscience historique et conscience politique chez les jeunes québécois de niveau collégial." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23825/23825.pdf.
Full textMagnima, Kakassa Arsène. "L'écriture de la mémoire dans le roman africain et antillais contemporain : à propos de Tierno Monénembo et Maryse Condé." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0371/document.
Full textThis research is devoted to the representation of memory and history in fiction writings of Maryse Condé and Tierno Monénembo. Memory that interests us here is identifiable in an unconventional memorial site, that is, in the literary text. The text then becomes a "memory space." It holds and transmits cultural references. The choice of these two authors lies in the continuity of the Africa / Caribbean dialogue on the past, present and future. Moreover, all African and Caribbean literatures, brings memories encumbered by tragic events, marked by death, loss and exile, memory in this case is linked to a crisis of conscience that the writer experience most often in a triple sense of pain, loss and discord. The integration of these facts in the narrative alongside other events from the imagination of the novelist promotes their fictionalization, and aims at giving an effect of historicity. Thus, the writer, if he has to be held within the limits of history or memory, he can take liberties with it, turning it by the poetic creation. In this context, we would like to show the conception of the memorial fact and its presentation among the two authors. Especially considering how texts become relays of transmission and of construction of memory, often parallel or distanced from dominant stories or dominant memories. So the writing of authors will be analyzed as a strategy of resistance against all forms of sociopolitical speculations that suffocate collective and individual memories
Charléty, Véronique. "Figures muséales et changements socio-politiques : les musées d'histoire locale à Berlin : entre invention et conservation." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010308.
Full textȘerban, Nicoleta. "Mémoire collective et identité urbaine : monuments publics dédiés aux hommes politiques et aux personnalités historiques à Bucarest." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0010.
Full textThe idea of collective memory is present throughout the work, which follows the concept of urban identity. This concept emphasizes that the monuments provide an overview of the urban landscape of the city. Collective memory is a process that occurs continuously, a process of restructuring and providing emotional and moral support for the political power. It is a model that reflects the aspirations of a society. Building on the study of collective memory by the perspective of public monument honoring the politicians, we try to describe the way the politics seek to implement the development of a vision of its own identity. The monuments dedicated to political figures reflect the realities and ambiguities that are at the base of the memory of a nation, as well as the complex relationship between politics and the imaginary. What we have proposed is a history of statuary in Bucharest, from the first statue erected in 1869 until today, we refer to public monuments dedicated to politicians and historical figures. We chose a chronological approach because we find it interesting how the statuary in Bucharest reflects the political upheavals. The story of the monumental art of Bucharest is actually a history of the political failures; by monumental art we examine in particular the changes that occur in politics, changes that are reflected in art
Bernard, Serge. "Traces légendaires, mémoires et construction identitaire : étude socio-historique d'une "presqu'île" cévenole en Haute-Loire." Poitiers, 2004. http://theses.univ-poitiers.fr/58930.
Full textCollin, Marc. "Autour de Chénier : les rébellions et la conscience historique canadienne et québécoise." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18150.
Full textColla, Piero Simeone. "L'héritage impensable. Conscience historique et technologies de l'identité dans la réforme éducative en Suède (1946-1980)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0020/document.
Full textThe reshaping of the Swedish education system from 1945 to 1980 led to a unification of its structures and discourse in the name of equality and the common good. The instrumental reductionism inherent in the construction of the welfare state was thus extended to the sphere of access to knowledge: scientific validation of the methods used, explanation of the objectives, rationalisation of planning and training tools, etc. The thesis examines the alignment of the school system with a Swedish “model” of social hygiene through its impact on the social frameworks of cultural memory. It focuses on how the codification of relativism and the formalisation of an unbiased approach to the subjects taught impact on the authority of the pedagogical canon, while accelerating its crisis. To this end, the formal framework of history teaching, the shift to a trans-disciplinary curriculum for humanities and the changing focus of history school-books are analysed systematically.The second part of the study focuses on how the subordination of the teaching relationship to the social purpose it was supposed to serve was imposed, paradoxically, as a truth regime. In the name of their emancipatory role, schools were now required to help foster an individual sense of responsibility – whether in the area of married life or with regard to the “correct” way of raising children. The requirement for conformity and discipline reflected in this teaching would shift the teacher/pupil relationship towards an immanent symbolic third: the implementation of “Swedish” (or supposedly Swedish) values. The imaginary challenges involved in introducing a participatory approach in schools and welcoming the children of immigrants between 1970 and 1980, and the subsequent emergence of two social imperatives – the “duty” of adults to influence their children, and the social duty to “train” the parents – are examined in this light
Moisan, Sabrina. "Mémoire historique de l'aventure québécoise chez les jeunes franco-québécois d'héritage canadien-français : coup de sonde et analyse des résultats." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28602.
Full textNdemby, Manfoumby Wilfried Hermann. "L'écriture des lieux de mémoire dans quelques romans d'Afrique et des Antilles." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSES029.
Full textThis thesis aims at re-defining the French concept of« place of memory » as defined by Pierre Nora in the West Indian and African spaces through the relationship between literature and history. Indeed, slavery, colonisation and apartheid serve as a background to a wide range of representations of places of memory in West Indian and African literatures. This thesis is composed of three main sections. The first section provides some historical context that allows connecting Africa and Caribbean Islands. The second section scrutinizes the topographic aspect of the places of memory in various ways: toponymy, heterotopia, spaces of power and landscapes. The third section, which sheds light on the notion of figure of memory, focuses on the experiences of historical and fictional characters, which enable to define new kinds of heroism.To that extent, this study leads to think about the challenges of collective memory of people in a postcolonial background in which « memories war » spreads out
Boucher, Denis. "Sauvegarde du patrimoine, commémoration du passé et construction d'une mémoire locale : Rivière-du-Loup et le manoir Fraser." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61332.pdf.
Full textBellido, Peris Federico. "La télévision prend la parole. La Transition espagnole. Histoire, mémoire et médias." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAL012.
Full textThis thesis seeks to analyse the historical interpretations produced by societies in order to interpret and understand their past events, thus being capable of creating and rebuilding their collective imagination and their identity. In this sense, this study will particularly focus on the meanings that “collective imagination(s)” give to recent historical events and battles that are emerging from the social conflict to control “historicity” and “memory”.It will start from the study of a political process of the Spanish transition. This event, controversial in the Spanish society, is subject to constant review both by historiography and literature, but most particularly by the media. Therefore, the analysis of the social and media representations of the Spanish transition proves to be, from our perspective very interesting, because they are historical productions with a strong influence on the construction of the Spanish “social memory”.This research is therefore part of the disciplinary field of “history of present time” and is interested in the “memory” and “the public uses of history”, including the historical representations that contribute to the creation of the “social memory”. Within this context, our study will address the construction of this social memory by starting to analyse the role played by mass media as instruments of transmission of “memory” and historicity. Therefore, this research will dedicate a particular attention to the historical storytelling that forms what some authors have called “media historiography” and that has been an important contribution to the social construction of the interpretation of the past and then the present time.In order to do so, we propose to examine the official storytelling that arises from public institutions and that has been conveyed by the media through different generic forms: informative productions, reports and documentary shows. Later, we will undertake the analysis of historical productions, as well as the contributions of historiography, in the understanding of this determinant event. Finally, with deep attention, we will tackle the study of audiovisual productions that are fictional and have historical material. Hence, by starting from the analysis of representations produced by this historical event, and the study of politico-cultural connections established between the present and the past told by these historical productions, our work seeks to understand the function of these in the construction of the “social memory”. This work also tries to understand the role played by audiovisual storytelling, or historical fictions, as connectors to memory and tools that created the history of Spanish society.We hope then to be able to verify the existence of a “media historiography” that contributes in a decisive manner to the construction of the “social memory”. In this sense, concerning the Spanish Transition, we aspire to answer the questions that the control of this “media historiography” imposes. We will do so first through the hegemony of the official storytelling, then by overtaking the State’s imposed frame and the resulting development of a conflict for the “memory” and control of “historicity”
Hommet, Stanislas. "Histoire et mémoire dans l'enseignement secondaire en France : les modes de pensées de lycéens face à la Shoah : expérience muséale, émotion, conscience historique." Thesis, Lille 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL30033/document.
Full textThis thesis attempts to question the ways of thinking of high-school pupils about a painful past, Shoah. For that, I met two groups of pupils in two high schools of the department of the Calvados, in Honfleur and Caen. Seventeen youth aged from 17 to 19 years came voluntary to take part in focus group at the high school but also to visit the exhibition « genocide and violence of mass » of the Memorial of Caen. This visit was carried out with eye-trackers and took part in focus group organized after the visit. Five months later, I could meet the pupils again and present to each of them the film of their own visit and collect their impressions and feeling about their visit. This protocol of research made it possible to obtain new data over a long time.Three questions are in the center of this thesis : - Which is the way of thinking of the young people about Shoah since the class to the museum ? - Which type of visiting experience can we identify ?- Which historical consciousness for the high-school students ?
Nzunguba-Ibio, Jean-Pierre. "Peintres, peinture et culture populaire à Bunia (Zaïre) : essai d'analyse socio-historique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20110.
Full textDutour, Juliette. "La construction du patrimoine du Canada entre reconnaissance publique et valorisation touristique : le rôle de la Commission des lieux et monuments historiques et des organismes de tourisme canadiens (1919-1956)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20808.
Full textMüller, Jörg. "A qui profite l'histoire ? : définitions et révisions de la fonction politique de l'histoire dans les processus de la construction identitaire autrichienne (1945-2005)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0018.
Full textThis thesis is entitled “Whose history is it? developments and rewritings of the political function of history in austria’s national identity building (1945-2005)”. Its purpose is to highlight the great trends that, in the context of post-war Austria’s (re)building, allow for the setting up of an official history and of identity representations. To this view, our attention is especially drawn on the interactions between the political arena and the historian corporation. The historians are indeed entrusted with the hard task of elaborating, promoting and rooting a set of references for the national temperament. As we search into those two groups of actors and their mutual relationships we find a multiform picture of the mutations that affect the process of history-making during that period. Our work, to do so, develops interpretations based, first, on the study of the general frames of collective remembrance and, second, on the study of the process of writing an historic narration. Our analysis is thus greatly grounded on the notion of “transformation” – in the meantime it emphasizes the consistency of a component that crosses the historic field: whatever the time of historic foundation one looks into, whether conflict- or consensus-driven, history is always fundamental in building a national identity
Kydjian, Maïlys. "Mémoires croisées : retour sur l'expérience coloniale et la guerre d'indépendance à travers trois générations d' "Algériens", "Harkis" et "Pieds Noirs"." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20062/document.
Full textProtagonists of the French-Algerian History, as well as their descendants, which occupied antagonistic positions during the independence war, cohabit in France nowadays. They are commonly called « Algerians », « Harkis » and « Black Feet people ». This thesis presents a cross-study of memorial construction processes after the Algerian Independence War within these three socio-historical groupes. Family history narratives have been confronted to History written by historians. The corpus is composed of persons born during the colonial period, having experienced the war and the migrations towards France, as well as their children and grandchildren.We examine the mechanisms of transmiting memories and their re-appropriation by individuals belonging to these three generations. We take into account families relationships and their transnational dimension. By crossing these memories, the relevance of the socio-historical categories is questioned, checking whether they reflect a memorial construction or a sense of belonging. These memories, often in opposition to each other, take part of a common national narrative into which people don’t completely identify themselves. We are also interested in the representations of oneself and otherness as an outcome of French-Algerian history and in their consequences on current social cohesion
Vapné, Lisa. "Les remplaçants : migration juive de l'ex-Union soviétique en Allemagne, 1990-2010." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0018.
Full textThis dissertation examines immigration policy as applied to a group defined by ethnicity and admitted on the basis of this putative identity; it concomitantly offers an analysis of the migrants' relationship to an assigned identity. The first section concerns the period 1990 to 2010, when, seeking to strengthen its Jewish Community demographically, Germany elaborated a state policy to host applicants living in countries of the former Soviet Union whose identity documents categorized them as Jewish. In twenty years, more than 200,000 people, classified initially as "quota refugees" and thereafter as "Jewish migrants," immigrated to Germany. As we demonstrate, it was expected that these migrants would symbolically replace the German Jews who had emigrated before 1933 and those exterminated by the Third Reich. However, because of the discrepancy between the Jews as anticipated and the Jewish FSU migrants - de-Judaized and faced with problems in professional integration in Germany - their admission would be increasingly restricted. Casting doubt on the authenticity of their identity papers undermined the veracity of their Jewish identity. In a second part, based on biographical interviews, this work discusses the formulation of the narrative of the migrants' identification as Jewish before, during, and after immigration, interrogating the change from Jewish identity as stigmatizing to Jewish identity as validating insofar as it was the key to immigration in Germany
Djigo, Adama. "Dynamiques et stratégies de conservation et de promotion du patrimoine culturel au Sénégal de l'administration coloniale à l'an 2000." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010533.
Full textRoy, Alain. "Le Vieux-Québec, 1945-1963 : construction et fonctions sociales d'un lieu de mémoire nationale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23871.
Full textAmir, Misha. "«La nation n'est pas un concept vague, elle coule dans nos veines» : conscience historique et représentations de l'héritage canadien-français des mouvances identitaires québécoises." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67067.
Full textAraujo, Ana Lucia. "MÉMOIRES DE L'ESCLAVAGE ET DE LA TRAITE DES ESCLAVES DANS L'ATLANTIQUE SUD : ENJEUX DE LA PATRIMONIALISATION AU BRÉSIL ET AU BÉNIN." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24943/24943_1.pdf.
Full textAuroy, Vanessa. "Une autre narration de la Guerre Civile espagnole et du Franquisme : ou comment et pourquoi la fiction s’empare de la matière historique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Angers, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ANGE0092.
Full textThe proliferation of works of fiction set against the backdrop of the Spanish Civil War and Franco’s regime in the 2000s led us to question the interest that might motivate authors to write about these periods more than 70 years after the initial events. We have put together a wide-ranging and varied corpus that includes ten novels, four graphic novels, two feature films and two television series. All these works were published or broadcast between 2006 and 2019. In this work, we look at the common places that appear regardless of the genres used or the generations of the authors. We note that the narration of the Spanish Civil War and Francoism is strongly marked by,firstly, the traumatic and violent history of these two periods. Then we see that the fictionalisation of historical memories can be tricky, but it does bring out a bitterness, a long-held resentment towards Spain, but also towards foreign countries that intervened during the conflict or afterwards. Finally, we see that the fiction of the 2000s personifies history to a greater extent than in previous decades. The 'villain' is now embodied, at the risk of humanising him too much
Caritey, Christophe. "L'apport du manuel d'histoire et ses limites dans la formation de la mémoire historique : application à l'étude de la Nouvelle-France de 1608 à 1663 dans le cadre du Québec de 1923 à 1989." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28447.
Full textVerhaeghe, Sidonie. "De la Commune de Paris au Panthéon (1871-2013) : célébrité, postérité et mémoires de Louise Michel Sociologie historique de la circulation d’une figure politique." Thesis, Lille 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL20010/document.
Full textAt the crossroads of political historical sociology, social history of ideas, and political sociology of collective memories, this research starts from an interrogation on the republican integration dynamics of political radicalism. Itfocuses on explaining the conditions in which Louise Michel, a 19th century woman and anarchist, has become an eligible icon for pantheonisation in 2013. The longitudinal analysis of Louise Michel's career broadly questions the processes of canonization, circulation and transmission which characterize the schemes of political celebration. Initiated by the monographic study of Louise Michel's numerous apparitions, from the last third of the 19th century to the early21st century (press, speeches, memorial events, biographies or textbooks), this essay highlights how a politically marginalized character turns into a leftist icon. It's only by apprehending the political posture and social background ofher interpreters that one can acknowledge the different areas and forms of commemoration. The process of institutional recognition of Louise Michel's legacy is made possible on the one hand by the pacification process of the officialremembrance of the Paris Commune, and on the other hand by the incorporation of Women History in state feminism. It explained the enlargement of both collective and individual identification to Louise Michel's figure. It also authorizedthe hypothesis of Louise Michel's entry to the republican Pantheon. However, this thesis demonstrates as well that some resistance mechanisms remains. The edification of Louise Michel's emblematic figure isn't a linear process but issubject to multiples appropriations that coexist nowadays. Historical figure in collective memories poses a divisive mechanism, characterized by shifting conjunctures that confront forces at the crossroads of different political, activist, academic and intellectual spaces
Furci, Guido. "L'héritage nu. Mises en fiction du "témoin historique". Primo Levi - Aharon Appelfeld - Philip Roth." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA077.
Full textMy doctoral thesis explores the relationship between literature and historical witnessing. By focusing on the works of Primo Levi, Aharon Appelfeld, and Philip Roth (authors who relate in very different ways the trauma of the Holocaust), my research aims at investigating the enmeshment of aesthetic and epistemological issues. My comparative exploration of these authors is motivated by and allows for a conceptual layering of the problem along three distinct research axes : (1) each author maintains a different degree of autobiographical involvement with the genocidal facts he evokes, ranging from maximum directness (Levi) to an oblique post hoc distance (Roth) ; (2) each author thematizes the problem by framing fictional situations in which characters have to cope with the plastic tension of narrative recollection ; (3) there is a twofold factual link between the three authors consisting in (a) explicit or covert intertextual quotations (e.g. Levi and Appelfeld become characters in Roth’s "Operation Shylock") and, more significantly, (b) an under-investigated circular correspondence in which each of them discusses at length the gains and losses of (literary) historical witnessing. The core of my project, therefore, is grounded in the long-distance conversation on the reworking of memories between Aharon Appelfeld, Philip Roth and Primo Levi – a three-way conversation that perforce ceased with Levi’s death in 1987
Smaoui, Sélim. "La mobilisation comme gouvernement de soi : s'engager et lutter pour la mémoire et la cause des victimes du franquisme en Espagne (2000-2013)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0062.
Full textOver the last decade in Spain, the legacy of the political violence perpetrated throughout the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) and the Francoist regime (1939-1975) became a significant issue among various protest movements. “The Recovery of Historical Memory Movement”, according to the local denomination, gathers a large scale of collective actions in which prevails the use of typical “postconflict” resources, practices and registers : collection of testimonies, mass grave exhumations, mobilization for “Justice, Truth and Reparation”, etc. This thesis analyzes the social logics underlying the production of new protest categories (“disappeared”, “victims”, “truth and justice”), the international circulation of specific “conflict resolution” expertises and authorities (exhumations, human rights militancy), and new readings of past violence. This protesting space being predominantly composed of actors heiring or stemming from the Spanish republican left, I will analyze the ways by which this new human rights militancy has contributed to the recomposition of the local leftist militancy
Jouhanneau, Cécile. "La résistance des témoins : mémoires de guerre, nationalisme et vie quotidienne en Bosnie-Herzégovine (1992-2010)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0040.
Full textIn order to grasp the social and political dynamics at play in the aftermath of a conflict, this research investigates the memories of the 1992-1995 war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Drawing on Halbwach’s sociology of memory, social movement theory and the sociology of international relations, it scrutinizes the social conditions for the communication of memories of war camp detention. Based on ethnographic fieldwork and on a large corpus of press archives, judicial testimonies and memoirs, this work questions the widespread view of Bosnian war memories as being divided along ethnonational lines. It first delineates a process of nationalist politicization of public narratives of detention in the 1990s. The international judiciarization of the conflict paradoxically contributed to Bosnian politicians’ and activists’ construction of camp detainees as the epitome of the war witness. However, by moving the focus of analysis to the local level, this research signals the limits of the nationalist politicization of war memories. Former camp detainees do not monolithically reproduce antagonistic interpretations of the war as a genocide or a civil war. Moreover, even though they are imposed a national “duty to testify”, individuals also negotiate with local norms of civility in their face-to-face interactions. Far from waging an ethnonational “memory war”, former camp detainees resort to everyday practices of discretion and avoidance of politicized matters. This research therefore pleads for an understanding of post-war societies that does not only focus on nationalist politics and international peacebuilding interventions, but also on war-affected local practices of civility
Papadopoulou, Eirini. ""De l'Histoire à la littérature et de la littérature à la vie " : une étude comparée de sept romans européens contemporains." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00978656.
Full textWith, Lauriane. "Approche géohistorique de la gestion et de la prévention du risque d'inondation : le cas de la vallée de la Lauch (Haut-Rhin) de 1778 à nos jours." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MULH4452/document.
Full textAmong the natural hazards, the flood risk is the most frequent and the most harmful in France with about 50 % of the municipalities exposed. In the Haut-Rhin department, 80 % of the municipalities are concerned. We have chosen this subject because no historic study exists about floods in Alsace and especially about the Lauch valley, where the last big events have taken place. In front of the impossibility to eradicate the risk, the Man committed palliative actions to protect himself through history. How have the historic events been taken into consideration in policies of management and prevention of the flood risk in the Lauch valley for more than two centuries ? To answer this question, we have used a diachronic approach which begins with the disastrous event of February 1990, and adopted an interdisciplinary method. Based on an important corpus of sources, this thesis puts in perspective the evolution of the management of the floods over the period considered according to the hydrological events restored via a regressive method, the stakes, the very contrasted political contexts and the actors, over the local, national and European plans. This thesis is part of a logic of applied reasoning and has for ambition to improve the information about the phenomena and to constitute a "basis of scientific knowledge" for a better control of the risk. This way, it seems fundamental to know flood hazard to be able to anticipate it, to manage it better and to protect ourselves
Benqasim, Lhoussaine. "Les Ait Sidi Ali Amhawch : structures anthropologiques et construction du pouvoir au Maroc central (1715-1932)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025EHES0019.
Full textThrough their genealogy, whether real or symbolic, the Ait Sidi Ali Amhawch, descendants of Dadda Ali Ohsain, are certainly part of the religious field in the rural environment of the central Middle Atlas. Thus, predisposed to assume political roles, the Imhiwach built a spiritual and temporal power that they exercised for two centuries (1715-1932). Strengthened by their religious and social capital, the Imhiwach became charismatic leaders, producing legitimate actions and words. Based on an ethnographic study of cultural expressions, oral and ritual traditions, this thesis aims to shed light on the Amhawch family's journey, revealing the movements that have traversed Middle Atlas society and their impact on anthropological structures, as well as on individual perceptions and attitudes. Three historical periods are highlighted in this study: the pre-colonial period, during which the Ait Sidi Ali Amhawch built tribal alliances and opposed the Makhzen (traditional power); the colonial period, during which they led an armed resistance, described as a holy war, against the French army; and finally, the post-colonial period, marked by profound transformations in social and cultural institutions. Although ritual practices and oral tradition undoubtedly express the anchoring of the Imhiwach story in the collective memory of the Middle Atlas population, this study seeks to elucidate the social, political and religious dimension of Imhiwach’s sanctity in the central Middle Atlas
Larroque-Santander, Anne-Lise. "La quête du spectre de l'homme." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030071/document.
Full textWhile the witnesses of the events which have shaped the twentieth century have been disappearing, the contemporary memory’s relations pretend speaking against past violence’s forgetfulness. Although, they aim neither at replacing the missing ones’ relations, nor simply at handing down atrocities’ memory committed during the wars and in concentration camps: the transmission of past experience’s transmissibility is the real stake. These literary statements, written a long time after the happenings, by survivors (M.Rigoni Stern, J.Semprun, I.Kertész) or by second generation’s witnesses (A.Tabucchi), compel statement’s style to rethink its form and its ambitions. The rejection of violence, judged inhuman, appearing tightly bounded to the obligation of remembrance, they question the ownership modalities of this recent past legacy, and confront the impossible denial of violence in human. Also, by revealing the frame imposed to the representation of past, the contemporary testimonials reappraise and question the mystery of the edge between humanity and inhumanity. Memory work therefore proves to be inseparable from the quest for an everlasting base to found the notion of human. Choosing fiction to testimony grants a chance to reach a definition of humanity’s specificity through representation of a past experience. Enabling self-appropriation of the legacy, it allows consideration of the contradictory nature of man. As ethics, it expresses the will in human to shape his being: man remaining relentlessly chasing for himself
Neveu, Norig. "Les politiques des lieux saints et la topographie sacrée dans le sud de la Jordanie, XIXe - XXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0085.
Full textHoly sites in Jordan are central to the process of national construction, especially nowadays, as the country claims to be part of the Christian and Muslim Holy Lands. These places are commonly used for self-definition both by local communities and the country's rulers. Between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Jordan's holy sites were places of diversity, witnessing the shaping of identities. Focusing on a double process, in local societies, of territorialization and confession-building, the present study shows how these sites have ensured the continued existence of memorial and traditional practices linked to various social components in three cities of southern Jordan, namely Karak, Ma' ân and Wâdî Mûsâ. A long term approach allows one to grasp the changes incurred, over time, by local topographies, as well as their evolving meanings. At various levels, political religious strategies have focused on these places of power. As an administrator of a holy site, one was in a position to favor the blossoming of local notabilities, as well as to ensure political balance between various parts of the local societies. The gradual institutionalization of the Holy sites' administration led to social reconfigurations. Holy sites served many functions -as places of memory, as centers of power, as tourist attractions -, all of which are reviewed in this study with an aim to enlighten the interactions between local and official religious policies. Both the sites' pilgrims and their administrators are scrutinized here as representative of the movement whose behaviors can serve to analyse the identity dynamics at hand in Jordan
Macé, Jean-François. "Les conflits de mémoire : Espagne, Chili, Argentine." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H047.
Full textIn Spain, in Chile and in Argentina, internal violence generated by the political dictatorships left behind particularly traumatized memories. Marked by strong ideological differences, the interpretations of past still divide these countries. Therefore, the memory of the conflicts became conflict of memories. What is the anthropological nature of these conflicts of memory? What are the political and social stakes? In what sense do they participate in the construction of identities? Are they the reflection of a conflict between history and memory? To answer these questions, this study proposes first, a reading of the "historic fields" of the memory through the ethnology of the track. This aims to make possible a wider reflection on the connections between history and memory. Then secondly, through the facts and their observation, this research analyzes the meaning of the policies of memory and the memories of politics in these conflicts in order to define the political stakes and the social aspects. This investigation includes finally several researches on the ground, which aim to allow the comprehension of the role of the memory in the construction of the identity and to tackle better uses and abuses deriving from it. As epilogue, the study presents an introduction to the oral memory, together with a general approach to the relationship between the subjective side registered in memories and its translation to the objectiveness. Just itself, this last issue could be the subject of a different thesis
Lemus, Martinez Violetta. "Versions en conflit, versions d’un conflit : l’Intervention française au Mexique (1862-1867) entre histoire et fiction." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA064/document.
Full textIn this doctoral dissertation, we are studying a selection of both Mexican and French literary works related to the historic events of the Second French Intervention in Mexico (1862-1867) and of the Second Mexican Empire (1864-1867). This body of works has been published between the XIXth and the XXIth century and has been selected, both because their poetic and political thoughts are emblematic of this period and because they have contributed to the construction of a Mexican cultural and identity iconography. We have decided to select the fiction and theatrical genres, to carry out a comparative and diachronic analysis. The decision of which literary works and authors to include has been made based on how both the French Intervention and the way it has been depicted in literature, have been dealt with in particular in each literary work and each author we considered to studied. The studied novels belong to the sub-genre of serialized fiction in the XIXth century with, on the French side, Benito Vázquez (1869) by Lucien Biart and Doña Flor (1877) by Gustave Aimard and, on the Mexican side, Clemencia (1869) by Manuel Altamirano and El Cerro de las Campanas (1868) by Juan Mateos. As far as theatre plays are concerned, we have carried out a comparative study of both Corona de Sombra (1943) by Rodolfo Usigli and Charlotte et Maximilien (1945) by Maurice Rostand. We have completed our analysis with a complementary study of El Tuerto es Rey (1970) by Carlos Fuentes. Regarding more contemporaneous historic and literary creations, we chose to include Noticias del Imperio (1987) by Fernando del Paso and Yo, el francés by Jean Meyer (2002). This corpus allows to carry out a comparative, linguistic, semiotic and literary analysis of afore-mentioned works. Such analysis calls for a thorough reflection on the interpretation of conflict, an armed and political conflict which influenced both History and Mexican and French literary productions
Principe, José Luis. "Mémoire individuelle et mémoire collective chez saint Augustin." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0336.
Full textMy thesis examines the diversity of meanings of memory in the work of St Augustine. The latin term "memoria" is encountered with a semantic richness and diversity that goes beyond its most usual meaning : memory as the psychological faculty of retaining memories. This polysemy includes this psychological meaning, of course, but it also includes a cultic meaning that can mean ‘relic’ or ‘tomb’. In this status, the "memoria"- a physical object invested with a religious value and a cultic function – seems very far from memory as a psychic function. Finally, this polysemy can be further enriched by a liturgical meaning linked to the cultic meaning : "memoria" then designates the evocation of the memory of the saint. This semantic diversity is matched by a certain disciplinary compartmentalisation in Augustinian studies. The aspects that interest philosophers and historians of philosophy are those where memory is treated from a psychological and metaphysical point of view. On the other hand, the collective and social aspects of memory are mostly studied by historians. The bibliography shows that memory and history are treated disjointedly by commentators. The scholarly studies devoted to Augustine’s works most often focus either on memory as a faculty or activity of the individual soul (with particular emphasis on "The Confessions" or "The Trinity"); or on memory as the constitution of a collective identity through history (with a focus on "The City of God", "The sermons"," The Commentaries on the Psalms" or "The Homilies on the Gospel of John")
Ridley, Simon. "Les sens de la liberté d’expression : socio-anthropologie comparative des campus de Berkeley et de Nanterre : appropriations, retournements, récupérations, recompositions et prolongements des mémoires collectives du Free Speech Movement de 1964 et du Mouvement du 22 Mars de 1968." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100013.
Full textThe university is one of the strongest institutions of the modern era. After having been a prime place for dissent in the 1960s, today it is the target of unprecedented attacks by the far-right. This work aims to follow a conflict of definition via a multi-sited ethnography using freedom of expression on university campuses as a world for research. The method combines comparative historical sociology – of the Free Speech Movement (1964) and the Mouvement du 22 Mars (1968) – with a socio-anthropological approach, to shed light over the dualization of the collective memories of student movements. Taking an inductive approach, I travel with my fieldwork via commemorative rites, terrorist attacks, an immersion in several revolutionary groups and a diversity of autonomous practices, all the way to the Trump inauguration and the battle of free speech with the rise of the alt-right and the far-right shows/meetings on campuses, and a series of urban riots. The systematic radical contextualization as well as the practice and genealogy of archives, a living knowledge and lateral comparison, commit to a historical study of the university. Against the theories of human capital and of democracy as a marketplace of ideas, I trace the questions of emancipation following the emergence of a « civic generation » after 1944 to the uses of digital technologies as cultural attacks on democracy. This political ethnography encourages us to (re)think sociology and critical pedagogy as counter-discourses against an anti-intellectual culture, and in doing so it aims to empower a culture of democratic intelligence, a reflexive heritage
Martino-Fristot, Éléonora. "La mémoire du blocus de Léningrad 1945-1999." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0014.
Full textVallée-Longpré, Julien. "Perspectives autochtones dans l’histoire nationale : étude de cas sur des propositions des associations autochtones depuis les années 1960." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/70395.
Full textThis thesis focus on indigenous claims regarding history teaching in Quebec. The goal of this study is to understand how to incorporate indigenous views of the past in Quebec’s history curriculum and into teaching practices. To do so, various documents were used: briefs, documents for comment, reports and education programs. A special attention was paid to the briefs produced by indigenous communities during the major educational reforms. In those briefs, indigenous communities put forward their visions of the past and discuss how they should be included in history taught to students. More specifically, we refer to the Parent report (1964), but also to the two last reports that dealt with history teaching, the Lacoursière report (1996) and the Beauchemin-Fahmy-Eid report (2014)Various theories developped by educational researchers (for example the historical thinking of Peter Seixas or Barton’s agentivity) will help us understand how history can be taught in a way that promotes in students a social and historical consciousness that recognizesthe contributions of First Nations in the past and present society.In fact, history teaching often uses cultural and historiographical frameworks from previous generations. At the secondary level, a considerable amount of learning situations present indigenous people as passive characters of Quebec and Canada historical narrative.(Bories-Sawala, Thibault, 2020).By analysing briefs published by indigenous associations, our study will allow us to characterize how First Nations envision their past and how they think it should be taught in today’s schools.
Cortazar-Rodriguez, Francisco Javier. "Newsgroups Chicanos et Mexico-Américains : identité et mémoire collective." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA131038.
Full textMacDubhghaill, Rónán. "La mémoire collective et la violence : radicalisation et enracinement." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB207/document.
Full textThis doctoral thesis concerns Memory, Violence, and Radicalisation. In effect, we use the approaches of sociology of the imaginaire, comprehensive sociology, and narrative research to study these subjects. The hypothesis that we examine in this thesis is that collective memory is a vast and important resource in the radicalisation towards extreme violence. The terrain which we examine this hypothesis is that of the catholic community of Northern Ireland. We examine the testimony of several former combatants of the IRA, taken from a series of qualitative interviews, so as to understand the radicalisation that led them to carrying out acts of violence. This is read against the backdrop of the testimony of members of the same community who did not follow the same path, and illustrated with reference to the cultural resources and elements available to this community. This thesis proposes several modest yet original contributions in the field of collective memory studies (the notions of a poetics of collective memory and territory of collective memory) and radicalisation studies (radicalisation as enracinement, radicalisation as ignition into a narrative of collective memory). The main contribution of this thesis would seek to propose a framework for understanding radicalisation from the standpoint of collective memory
El, sakezli Oreida. "Recherche identitaire et mémoire collective dans l'oeuvre d'Annie Ernaux." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR2030/document.
Full textSearching for identity and collective memory in the works of Annie ُErnaux. This research aims to study Annie´s work on women and their multiple voices, Annie Ernaux is a famous writer who has enriched her novels through her own life experiences. A big figure in autobiography writing, Annie Ernaux has a unique style of writing. She addressed her history, her roots, and the social cultural context in which she grew up. She especially interrogates the feminine figure. Her works are both literary accounts and sociological documents of a life rooted in another centuries values and standards. She recalls the essential role of women in the family and in the city, questioning motherhood, sexuality, parenting, and the relationship between man and woman. She crafts her work in a simple and clear manner with pure emotion devoid of any effect that would divert from her true goal . Thus implicitly questioning the function of the novel
Foscarini, Giorgia. "Mémoire collective et identité culturelle : une étude comparative des politiques de mémoire et d’identité chez les Israéliens d’origine polonaise et tunisienne." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100051.
Full textThe main aim of this thesis is to study how the identities and memories of Israelis of Ashkenazi and Mizrahi descent in Israel have been created and developed throughout time, up until today. As a case-study, two specific ethnic groups will be considered: Israelis of Polish and of Tunisian descent. The questions my work will try to answer are: how Israeli Jewish identities have been built over time and space? What is the role ethnic stratification played in their creation and why ethnicity still plays a central role in today’s Israel? My aim is to question the paradox of a shared Jewishness that has been used both as a unifying factor (Biblical narrative, Jewish law and tradition), and as a line of demarcation (different Jewish communities in the Diaspora), pushed me to ask questions about how references from the past have been reworked in the present to establish what does it mean to be “ethnically Jewish” in Israel today
Dujon, Odile. "De la notation à la fiction dans l'écriture de la mémoire d'une expérience concentrationnaire : récit inédit d'un ancien prisonnier français du Vietminh, L'Elimination de R. Panh, Etre sans destin d'I. Kertesz." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA003/document.
Full textInheriting the unpublished story of a concentration camp experience implies accepting the moral duty of its interpretation. Comparing it with two others literary works on the same topic allows to build a reflection about the inevitable transformation undergone by a traumatic experience when you attempt to verbalize it. In effect, that comes down to say and convey an aporia. That is why resorting successfully to metaphor seems to be the most efficient way to endow this piece of life, unspeakable by itself, with a convincing rhetoric. Therefore, it is necessary to transpose the experience in order to manage to tell it, but also to make visible a past that comes back to conscience only in the form of pictures, while asserting its references to a reality inscribed into History. To succeed in such an attempt, the method consists first in elaborating a fiction from a lived reality, then in giving its writing a power of visualisation, and eventually in introducing into it an internal dialectic capable of causing in the reader the uprising of an ethical reflection. In fact, the truth of any testimony remains tributary of an identity that is built only at the occasion of a storytelling. Moreover, the text is written in the present and from mere memorial marks. Finally, even when History gives validation to its references, a dark part remains, which will always escape the articulated language. This questionning about what may give the concentration camp experience its strenght of impact then leads to suggest that, since the camp has been lived as an experimentation of defiguration, it is only by inscribing it into a poetic of incarnation, capable of restituting to the dead letter its explosive power, that the survivor will be able to reconquer a human face
Daynes, Sarah. "Le mouvement Rastafari : mémoire, musique et religion." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0031.
Full textCastano, Christophe. "Valeurs démocratiques, mémoire et mobilisation collectives : études expérimentales." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H032.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to analyse the role of democratic values for collective memory and mobilisation. A first study tries to understand how values of freedon and equality organize collective memory of important events of history. This collective memory is compared according to the age of the participants and their nationality (French, Portuguese, Brazilian and Mexican). The second study concerns social representation of French revolution and the evaluations of his actors. An other study analyzes the links between social representation of democracy and political mobilisation during the social crisis of French presidential elections of 2002. The last study explores the link between social representation of ideal democracy and intentions of action to fight racism. The results obtained in these four studies are analyzed in particular according to the role of democratic institutions to form the historical identity of the community
Chelbi, Mustapha. "Culture et mémoire collective "les trois degrés de la mémoire maghrébine : la tradition, l'éducation et les média"." Bordeaux 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR30011.
Full textThe dialectical relation between culture and the collective memory can be assessed by the means put at the disposal of society in order to preserve its knowledge and to transmit it to the future generations. The cultural memory is produced by the memotchnical structures related to the development of communication media. From this reasoning, we've proved that the mechanism of communication pass through three stages and this by referring to maghrebin culture : the tradition stage, the education stage and the mass media stage. All these have conveyed a pattern of knowledge. In fact, the traditional society has established spaces of communication managed by orality, the educational society has been based on writing in order to transmit its knowledge and, finally, the audio-visual society uses mass media to broadcast its messages and preserve them. By dividing the history of cultural communication in the maghreb into three periods, we've been able to draw a problematic which intends to be universal and which has as motto : culture is what remains
Kochbati, Mehdi. "L'écriture de la mémoire dans l'œuvre de Paul Auster : « croisement de mémoire personnelle et collective »." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100116.
Full textThis thesis questions the genesis of memory writing in the work of Paul Auster following a movement of reconstruction of collective and personal memory. On the basis of the assumption that the mechanism of the reconstruction of collective memory and individual memory is the result of the expansion and the reduction of memory space, we examine the crossing between a first movement directed towards the outside and gathering together the collective and a second one directed towards the interior and gathering together the personal. While referring to the paradoxical memory dialectics of personal/collective, interior/external, opening/seclusion, we tried to define how the memory speech, transcending the simple notion of isolated individuality, joins a collective space through a constant interaction established between the “self” and the “other”. Our research prompts us to check if the expansion of memory space, through the parallel text, intertextuality and the multiple metatextual references to the American and European former literary tradition, and to a vast register of literary genre (diary, travel literature and Judaic literary tradition) makes it possible to reconstruct a collective memory. The movement from the collective to the individual and the reconstruction of personal memory are connected with the exploration of the individual’s interior space supported by the reminiscence of childhood memories and filiation, the search for origins, fathering, generational transmission and surrogate fathers
Landron, Michel. "Mémoire individuelle et mémoire collective de la transition démocratique à travers l'oeuvre de Francisco Candel." Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NANT3034.
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