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Johnston, Amber. "In memory of trauma /." Online version of thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11248.
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Stokes, Dawn. "The effect of trauma on autobiographical memory." Thesis, University of East London, 2005. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3801/.
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This thesis presents five studies which investigate the effect of trauma on autobiographical memory in both adult and adolescent population samples. Previous literature has found overgeneral recall to the cueing task in both abuse and other trauma population samples and reduced personal semantic recall in abuse population samples. This series of studies confirmed that poor semantic recall is a feature of the aftermath of abuse, both adolescent clinical and adult non clinical. Furthermore reduced semantic recall was apparent in an adolescent burn injured population sample. Episodic recall was measured using the cueing task with emotional cue words and the Children's Autobiographical Memory Interview, a semi structured interview based on lifetime periods. Consistent with the adult literature, traumatised adolescents demonstrated slower response latencies and overgeneral recall to the cueing task. Deficits were also found in recall to the lifetime periods on the CAMI and in the adolescent burn population samples these were further analysed in relation to the burn accident. However, the non clinical adult population sample demonstrated no significant differences on the cueing task and better episodic recall. In addition, a preliminary report suggested that the Means End Problem Solving task could be developed as an indirect autobiographical memory task.
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Lancaster, Lauren T. "Memory and Trauma in Edwidge Danticat’s Fiction." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1303495922.
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O'Donnell, Karen Maria. "Somatic memory : trauma and the (Eucharistic) body." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/21366.
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The Body of Christ is a traumatised body because it is constituted of traumatised bodies. This thesis explores the nature of that trauma and examines the implications of identifying the trauma of this body. Trauma specialist Bessel Van Der Kolk posits that trauma is written into the somatic, or bodily, memory rather than the semantic memory. This somatic memory is essential to understanding trauma as this memory is repeated in the traumatised body. No theologian has yet explored what the somatic memory of the Christian body might be. This somatic memory not only tells us what the trauma of the Body of Christ is and signposts routes for healing, but also, once we identify the somatic memory, allows us to explore its implications for theology. Beginning with the celebration of the Eucharist as the central place in Christianity where bodies and memory come together, this thesis examines what memory is being remembered and repeated at the altar. The identification of this somatic memory is then used as a hermeneutical lens through which to explore the foundational narratives of the Eucharist and the bodies involved in its celebration. This research reveals that the somatic memory at the heart of Christianity is the memory of the Annunciation-Incarnation event. This event ruptures the foundational eucharistic narratives of priesthood, sacrifice, and presence and demonstrates that Mary must have a central place in Christian theology. It reveals that Christian liturgy holds within it an unclaimed memory and experience of trauma, and an unacknowledged instinct for trauma recovery. The results of this research are significant because they offer a fresh perspective on Christian theology, in particular the Eucharist, and present a call to love the body in all its guises. Furthermore, this traumatic, somatic memory opens up new pathways for considering what it means to ‘be Christian’.
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Ghufran, Safeena. "Trauma memories and disturbances in autobiographical memory." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6928/.
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Gómez-Barris, Macarena. "Where memory dwells : trauma, memory, and representation in the aftermath of Chile's dictatorship /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Holz, Martin. "Traversing virtual spaces body, memory and trauma in cyberpunk." Heidelberg Winter, 2005. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2838320&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Holz, Martin. "Traversing virtual spaces : body, memory and trauma in cyberpunk /." Heidelberg : Universitätsverlag Winter, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40222376s.
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Wan, Pauline Gail. "Female trauma and memory in constructions of black identity." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21510969.
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Mahula, Pulane Matsietsi. "Memory, trauma, silences: Narratives of the 1982 Maseru Invasion." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6418.
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Magister Artium - MA (History)The aim of this mini-thesis is to interrogate an incident that happened in Lesotho in 1982, where the South African Defence Force (SADF) invaded the capital, Maseru, under the guise of searching for ANC operatives and killed 42 people thirty of whom were South Africans, while the remaining 12 were Basotho citizens. A particular concern is how traumatic events are represented by witnesses, how they remember or, rather talk, about the event, and the secrets and silences which may arise. A lack of literature on this period of Lesotho's history and the Raid itself has necessitated a wider engagement with Raid as it is the first raid that involved the SADF, perpetrated in Lesotho. The first chapter draws out and highlights the complicated relationships between Lesotho and South Africa and their respective main opposition political parties, namely, the Basotho Congress Party and the overall South African liberation movements including the African National Congress and the Pan Africanist Congress. This brings me to conclude that the 1982 Maseru Raid and subsequent ones took place on the back of a period that was burdened with gross human rights violations in Lesotho and, this can be argued to explain why the Raid is not particularly spoken about.
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Ducret, Viviane. "Georges Perec autobiographie et trauma /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4718.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on January 31, 2008) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Moreno, Maria Manuela Assunção. "Trauma: o avesso da memória." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47132/tde-10022010-073843/.
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A presente dissertação configura-se como uma interrogação à teoria psicanalítica acerca das ressonâncias do traumatismo na função psíquica da memória. Ambos são conceitos que remetem aos fundamentos da psicanálise, apontando para a constituição do psiquismo, bem como para seus limites. A dissertação procura ampliar o estudo da temática para além da obra de Freud e alcançar as contribuições de Sandor Ferenczi e seus desdobramentos na obra de Nicolas Abraham e Maria Torok. Em Freud, as relações de trauma e memória, principalmente a partir da conceituação de um além do princípio do prazer, apontam para o funcionamento, ou melhor, às falhas de funcionamento nos limites do psíquico - entre corpo e psique, entre percepção e representação - responsáveis pela instauração da memória e a diferenciação psíquica. O traumático foi associado à dinâmica da pulsão de morte e a da angústia automática, que faz continuamente uma demanda de trabalho psíquico, de ligação, anterior à instauração do princípio de prazer. Quando não há possibilidade de ligação e transcrição do acontecimento, seus efeitos apresentam-se de forma negativa como danos narcísicos. Ferenczi considera o papel do objeto como determinante em relação ao destino traumático de um acontecimento. Caso o objeto não possa adaptar-se às necessidades do sujeito e fornecer ou legitimar um sentido ao vivido, interrompe-se o processo de introjeção e inscrição psíquica. Frente ao desamparo psíquico decorrente da ausência de investimento do objeto, o psiquismo se defende por meio da clivagem das impressões traumáticas ou imerge em comoção, da qual não resta memória. Nicolas Abraham e Maria Torok acrescentam que um acontecimento que permaneceu clivado no psiquismo de uma geração - impossibilitado de circulação e figurabilidade - é transmitido enquanto lacuna de memória para a próxima geração. A imagem do trauma como avesso da memória é paradoxal, pois remete tanto às impressões que aguardam uma revelação por meio de uma ligação com uma imagem, no modelo dos sonhos traumáticos, como à pura negatividade relativa à falta de representação, da qual um sentido pode advir mediante somente uma construção que produza um sentimento de convicção. Tal imagem paradoxal pretende oferecer uma reserva psíquica/teórica ao analista enquanto uma figurabilidade possível das ressonâncias do traumático na memória.The present essay comprises of an interrogation to psychoanalysis theory about the consequences of trauma in the memory psychic role. Both of them are concepts that refer to the psychoanalysis fundamentals, leading to the psychism constitution, as well as to its boundaries. The dissertation attempts to expand the set of themes beyond Freuds work and reaches out Sandor Ferenczis contributions and its unfoldings into Nicolas Abraham and Maria Toroks works. In Freuds, the connections within trauma and memory, especially from the conceptualization of a further than the pleasure principle, point out to the functioning, or even better, the non-functioning gaps at the psychism boundaries - between body and psyche, within perception and representation responsible for memory establishment and psychic differentiation. The traumatic was associated to death instinct and the automatic anguish, which continuously calls forth a psychic work demand, of connection, prior to the pleasure principle instauration. When there is no possibility of connection and transcription of the incident, its effects present themselves in a negative way such as narcissistic damage. Ferenczi considers the object role as determinant on the traumatic event destination. In case the object can not adapt to the subjects needs and provide or legitimate a meaning to what was lived, there is an interruption on the process of introjection and psychic inscription. Face the psychic abandonment due to the absence of the object investment, the psychism defends itself through the cleavage of the traumatic impressions or it immerges in comotion, of which remains no memory. Nicolas Abraham and Maria Torok add that an event that has remained cleaved in the psychism of a generation incapable of circulation and figurability is forwarded to the next generation as a memory lacuna. The image of trauma as the inverted side of the memory is paradoxical, once it refers to the impressions that await a revelation through a link with an image, in the traumatic dreams model, as much as to the pure negativity related to the lack of representation, from which a meaning can only occur by means of a construction that produces a conviction feeling. Such self-contradictory image intends to offer a theoretic/psychic restraint to the analist as a possible figurability of the resonances of the traumatic in the memory.
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Dolan, Megan. "The Effect of Trauma Experiences and PTSD Severity on Positive Memory Recall and Memory Phenomenology." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505173/.
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Positive memories play an important role in the etiology and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Additionally, there are potential clinical benefits of recalling positive memories on affect, cognitions, and behaviors. However, most research/clinical work has focused on the role of traumatic memories in PTSD's symptomatology and treatment. The current study examined positive memory recall difficulties and positive memory phenomenology among 185 trauma-exposed individuals with varying PTSD severity. Participants completed the Life Events Checklist for DSM-5, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, Autobiographical Memory Test, Memory Experiences Questionnaire – Short Form, Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire, Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale – Brief 16-Item Version, Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale – Positive Emotions, the Positive Affect subscale of the Affective Control Scale, and two items from the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. Results showed that (1) greater PTSD severity was a marginally significant predictor of fewer recalled positive memories; (2) greater positive emotional dysregulation predicted fewer recalled positive memories controlling for PTSD severity; and (3) increasing PTSD severity predicted more negative valence, less vividness, less coherence, less accessibility, less clear time perspective, fewer sensory details, and greater distancing ratings of the recalled positive memory, controlling for sleep quantity/quality. Such findings add to the PTSD-positive memory literature by informing PTSD theoretical perspectives; enhancing an understanding of if/how positive memories may be incorporated into PTSD treatments; and highlighting potential clinical targets, such as positive emotional regulation skills, when integrating a focus on positive memories into PTSD intervention.
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Baran, Katarzyna Agnieszka. "The past, memory and trauma in young adult dystopian writing." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/385857.
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Els últims vint anys han estat testimonis d'un interès sense precedents en la literatura distòpica per als adolescents. Durant la dècada de 1980 i principis de 1990 el camp interdisciplinari d'estudis de la memòria va començar a guanyar un reconeixement més generalitzat. Dins d'aquesta eclèctica àrea d’investigació, els estudis sobre el trauma es va convertir en un dels punts d'enfocament. D'altra banda, des de principis del decenni de 1990, hi ha hagut un augment en el nombre de llibres per a nens sobre el trauma. No obstant això, fins ara, hi ha hagut poca recerca acadèmica en els conceptes de trauma i memòria en la literatura distòpica per als adolescents.
L'objectiu principal d'aquesta tesi és analitzar com el passat, la memòria i el trauma es reflecteixen en els recents textos distòpics destinats als adolescents. La tesi examina novel•les d'escriptores americanes i britàniques: Lois Lowry, Doris Lessing, Ursula K. Li Guin i Allie Condie. Amb l'ús de les teories del camp dels estudis de memòria, aquesta tesi traça com en aquestes novel•les la memòria, el passat i la història són utilitzats pels règims repressius per reforçar el statu quo. La tesi explora també l'ambigua funció de la memòria, que pot ser no només una eina d'opressió, sinó que també d'alliberament. D'altra banda, aquesta tesi se centra en la representació de trauma en distopies per a adolescents.En los últimos veinte años hemos asistido a un auge sin precedentes del interés por la literatura juvenil distópica. A finales de los ochenta y principios de los noventa el campo multidisciplinario de los Estudios sobre la Memoria comenzó a gozar de un reconocimiento generalizado. Dentro de este campo de investigación tan ecléctico los estudios sobre el trauma se convirtieron en uno de los aspectos que más atención ha recibido. Por otro lado, desde principios de los noventa el número de libros sobre trauma dirigidos a un público juvenil ha ido en aumento. Sin embargo, los estudios académicos sobre los conceptos de trauma y memoria en la literatura juvenil distópica son todavía escasos. El principal objetivo que se marca esta tesis es analizar cómo se reflejan el pasado, la memoria y el trauma en obras distópicas juveniles de reciente publicación. La tesis analiza una serie de novelas de autores estadounidenses y británicos como son Lois Lowry, Doris Lessing, Ursula K. Le Guin y Allie Condie. Mediante teorías procedentes de los estudios sobre la memoria, en este trabajo se perfila el modo en que los regímenes represivos utilizan el pasado y la historia para fortalecer el estatus quo. Se analiza también la función ambigua de la memoria, que puede ser no solo opresiva sino también liberadora. Por otra parte, la presente tesis centra su atención en la representación del trauma en distopías juveniles.
The last twenty years have witnessed an unprecedented interest in dystopian literature for young adults. During the late 1980s and early 1990s the interdisciplinary field of memory studies began to gain a more widespread recognition. Within this eclectic area of research, trauma became one of the most significant points of focus. Moreover, since the early 1990s, there has been an increase in the publication of children’s books on trauma. However, to date, there has been little scholarly research into the concepts of trauma and memory in dystopian literature for young adults. The main aim of this dissertation is to analyse how the past, memory and trauma are reflected in recent young adult dystopian writing. The thesis examines a selection of novels by American and British writers: Lois Lowry, Doris Lessing, Ursula K. Le Guin and Allie Condie. With the use of theories from the field of memory studies, the thesis traces how, in these novels, memory, the past and history are used by repressive regimes to strengthen the status quo. Moreover, the function of memory is ambiguous as it can be oppressive - but also liberating. The complexities of this process are examined together with the representation of trauma in young adult dystopias.
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Thomson, Bridget. "Trauma, memory and survival in the work of Paul Celan." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268611.
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Cáceres, Casillas María Pilar. "Memory, language and trauma in the work of Félix Grande." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2010. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/700.
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My thesis explores how memory and trauma permeate the work of the poet Félix Grande (Mérida, Spain, 1937). It addresses the question of how his particular understanding of memory is opposed to a rather bleak view of it held by many other Spanish poets of the time. Grande does not yield to a generalized discrediting of memory. On the contrary, memory is the driving force behind his writing, and this thesis constitutes an analysis of its mechanisms. The originality of Grande’s work stems from the ways in which it shares common ground with contemporary research carried out by disciplines that integrate Memory and Trauma Studies. His poetic voice struggles to grasp aspects of memory whose articulation proves traumatic. These elements resist symbolic translation and turn his poetry into a work of constant rumination without closure. Grande’s work illustrates that literature is both inextricably linked to memory, and is well equipped to deal with trauma, as the labour carried out by memory, weaving and un-weaving, especially in its attempts to mourn, is at the heart of his artistic production. Finally, his work instantiates a relationship with language and memory which, while recognising the limits of language to express and of memory to retrieve the past, goes beyond this initial distrust to offer a positive perspective on these faculties, as the means for establishing modes of survival and rethinking our connections to the unknown.
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Tseti, Angela. "Photo-literature and trauma : from collective history to connective memory." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC004.
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Prenant appui sur l'intérêt contemporain pour les rencontres texte/image et la prolifération récente des oeuvres bi-médiales, cette thèse se propose d'étudier les structures et les qualités du photo-roman, en vue de soutenir que cette forme nouvelle offre un espace privilégié à l'interrogation — et potentiellement à la représentation ¬des événements traumatiques collectifs. L'exploration d'une série de travaux photo-littéraires produits entre la fin du 20ème siècle et le début du 21ème et caractérisés par une thématique historiographique ainsi que la concomitance avec une catastrophe historique suggère que la combinaison de la fiction et de la photographie au sein d'un même dispositif photo-narratif est susceptible de fournir une alternative à la problématique bien connue de l'irreprésentabilité du trauma. Nous considérons que la photo-littérature emploie les rapports souvent notés entre la photographie et l'histoire, la biographie, le temps et la mort dans le cadre familier du roman, tout en faisant appel au lecteur comme un acteur indispensable du processus d'élaboration du sens textuel. Les mécanismes complexes du composé photo-textuel permettent de mettre en lumière le fait que les histoires de vie personnelles sont pertinentes à l'expérience collective, ainsi que les parallèles entre des événements historiques traumatiques divers. Ainsi, la photo-littérature permet un passage de l'histoire à un genre de mémoire qui est essentiellement connectif ; par là même, cette forme nouvelle va à l'encontre d'une incapacité présumée à énoncer la mémoire traumatique, en suivant une approche fondée sur l'attention et l'investissement affectifDrawing on the increased interest in word-image interactions and the recent proliferation of bimedial works of literature, this study proposes an investigation of the structures and qualities of the photo-nove', with the contention that this emergent new form constitutes a privileged space where instances of collective trauma may be addressed, potentially even represented. The exploration of a series of works of photo-literature of the Tate 20th and early 215t century that are affiliated to historiography and unfold in the midst or aftermath of a great historic calamity suggests that the combination of fiction and photography within a single, photo-textual narrative may counter the problematic of unrepresentability raised by Trauma Studies. Photo-literature, as this study purports, employs photography's well-lçnown relations to history, biography, time and'cleath within the familiar schema of the nove', while invoking? the respondent reader as an essential component of the meaning¬making process. These elaborate workings of the photo-textual compound result in the highlighting of the individual life story's pertinence to the collective experience and the establishment of parallels between diverse historical instances of trauma. Thus, photo-literature enables the passage from history to an essentially connective type of memory and, subsequently, responds to a professed inability to enunciate the traumatic experience, by offering an approach that is reliant on affective investment and attention
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Dunn, B. "Emotional suppression when processing trauma : consequences for mood and memory." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446742/.
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The thought suppression literature (Wegner et al. 1987; Wegner and Erber, 1992) illustrates that there are secondary costs of suppressing the cognitive content of conscious experience. A 'thought rebound' effect has been demonstrated in both healthy populations and psychopathology (Purdon, 1999), whereby the harder a thought is pushed out of mind the more likely it is to subsequently return. It is increasingly realised that people try to control affect as well as cognitions (Gross, 1998; 2001), but as yet the secondary consequences of different forms of emotion regulation have not been studied in detail. In particular, whether an 'emotional rebound' effect occurs following suppression of emotions rather than thoughts during processing of distressing material has not been investigated. 'Emotional rebound' could potentially help explain some of the secondary symptoms seen in PTSD and related conditions. This thesis examines the concurrent and subsequent impact of attempting to suppress (both internally experienced and externally expressed) emotion while processing traumatic information, and is intended as a preliminary investigation of whether emotion suppression contributes to PTSD. Healthy participants were asked to watch a video trauma induction, either under emotional suppression (n = 21) or control (n = 23) conditions. The consequences of emotional suppression on mood, emotional response to novel material, episodic memory, and occurrence of intrusive memories were then measured, using both self-report and psychophysiological methods. Results found that emotional suppression did not alter self-reported emotional experience, lead to a more variable heart response, and did not change electrodermal response while watching the trauma induction. This suggests that emotional suppression is a largely ineffective way of regulating emotional experience and that it alters psychophysiological activity, although exactly what the change in heart rate means at a psychological level is unclear. Subsequently, emotional suppression impaired free recall but not recognition memory of the trauma material, suggesting there is a slight mnemonic impact of this form of affect regulation. There was also a trend for suppression to lead to a reduction in the experience of intrusive memories about the trauma content, although this did not reach statistical significance. There was no change in self-reported experience of emotion following suppression, either in terms of background mood or when processing novel emotional material. There was, however, an increased heart rate deceleration when viewing subsequent emotional material and a slight increase in depression scores at one week follow-up, perhaps indicative of ongoing emotional costs of suppression. These findings, replicating and extending work from the normative emotion regulation literature (Gross, 1998; 2001), suggest that emotional suppression is not an effective form of emotion regulation at the time of encoding and that it leads to some subsequent emotional and mnemonic changes. A provisional clinical implication is that clients should perhaps be discouraged from using emotional suppression as form of mood control. In terms of understanding PTSD, it seems plausible to tentatively suggest that emotional suppression could contribute to the hyper-arousal and impaired recall of trauma seen in PTSD. It is important, however, to replicate and extend these findings to clinical populations to support these conclusions. While emotional suppression has been found not to lead to a 'rebound' effect directly analogous to that seen following thought suppression, it does appear to have some unexpected secondary costs that could perhaps contribute to symptoms of PTSD.
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Ferner, Harriet. "Overgeneral autobiographical memory in children and adolescents exposed to trauma." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/overgeneral-autobiographical-memory-in-children-and-adolescents-exposed-to-trauma(229913da-005c-4653-98d6-1d60678d491a).html.
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Background and Aims: Early posttraumatic stress reactions are distressing and disabling for a significant minority of children and young people. We aimed to explore the relationship between posttraumatic stress reactions, cognitive variables implicated by an adult cognitive model of PTSD (Ehlers & Clark, 2000), and overgeneral autobiographical memory; a phenomenon linked to depression and trauma in adults, but rarely explored in children. Methods: Emergency department attendees (aged 8-18) and their parents were interviewed 2-6 weeks post-trauma. Children completed a diagnostic interview for acute stress disorder (ASD), and self-report depression and posttraumatic stress symptom severity questionnaires. Established statistical predictors of posttrauatmic stress reactions were measured using child and parent self-report questionnaires. The Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT) (Williams & Broadbent, 1986) was used to assess overgeneral autobiographical memory (OGM). Results: Among participants (N=43), 30.2% met ASD diagnostic criteria. Using step-wise linear regression analysis; avoidance, negative appraisals and, to a lesser extent, rumination accounted for over two-thirds of the variance of posttraumatic stress symptom severity scores in our sample. Rumination and to a lesser extent negative appraisals together accounted for 80% of the variance of scores in depression severity scores. AMT performance did not contribute significantly to these models. However, those with greater depression symptom severity retrieved fewer specific memories in response to positive cue words on the AMT (p = .022). Parental anxiety and depression did not significantly differ between ASD and non-ASD groups. Findings regarding prior emotional and behavioural difficulties were mixed. Conclusions: Avoidance, negative appraisals and rumination, variables identified in adult cognitive models relate to early responses to trauma in children. Overgeneral autobiographical memory appears less important in this respect, but findings remain tentative at this stage.
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Rombold-Brühl, Felicitas [Verfasser]. "Neuropsychoendocrinological and Psychophysiological Aspects of Trauma Memory : An examination with a trauma film paradigm / Felicitas Rombold-Brühl." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1156265185/34.
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Crownshaw, Richard Steven. "Tracing Holocaust memory in American culture." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324205.
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This doctoral thesis examines literary representations of the Holocaust by Saul Bellow, Thomas Pynchon and Paul Auster, and maps the relation between memory and narrative elicited from literature onto American museums, memorials and monuments. This research argues that the ramifications of the trauma originally felt by Holocaust witnesses resonate in the American collective memory, and its literary and architectural forms, that seeks to remember on behalf of those witnesses. The consequent traumatic disruption of literary and architectural narratives can be identified, using various appropriated psychoanalytical concepts, and Holocaust memory traced as it eludes, and irrupts in, the cultural forms that try to remember it. Establishing the dynamics of collective memory allows the cultural significance of Holocaust remembrance to be investigated, especially in relation to the memories and ethnic identities of survivors that are subsumed by an Americanised version of the past. By way of a conclusion, although this thesis points to the problematisation of historical representation, it also challenges notions of the Holocaust's unrepresentability common to much postmodern thought. It searches for a methodology of memorialisation or at least identifies where blocks to mourning could be removed from the American cultural landscape.
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Pece, Peter A. "The effects of brain trauma on the memory skills of musicians." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/10723.
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The localization of function in terms of music processing in the brain has fascinated researchers in many disciplines for well over one hundred years. Is there a central location for this specialized and complex process or does it involve many different areas of the brain? Some researchers have thought that the processing of language and music are analogous, but does the processing of music occur in the same way as language (Damasio and Damasio, 1977), (Zatorre, 1984)? In recent years the use of non-invasive imaging techniques such as the PET scan (Positron Emission Tomography) and MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) have proven to be most accurate in the demonstration of brain activity (Vollmer-Haase et aI., 1998) and have led researchers to agree that there is not a specific anatomical centre for music in the brain (Baeck, 2002), (Peretz, 2002). This thesis will examine in what way and to what degree various types of Traumatic Brain Injury in musicians affect music memory. A pilot study was conducted with musicians who have not experienced brain trauma. These musicians were asked to complete a questionnaire and then were interviewed in order to understand the process with which they utilize their musical memory. Six brain-injured musicians were also interviewed in the same manner. When possible, medical records were solicited and reviewed as a means of ascertaining specifics regarding the trauma. Using then, a qualitative framework in a case study format, the questionnaire and the focused interviews will provide the data (London, 1982), (Psathas, 1972). This format will provide a perspective that has been neglected in many studies in Neuromusicology, that of allowing the musicians to speak for themselves. The interviews are a study of the personal reflections of the musicians who are commenting on their understanding of their own experiences of musical memory. While my interest does lie in the clinical evidence provided by researchers in the field of Neuromusicology and their insights into musical memory, there has not been any extensive work written which concerns itself with the personal experiences of musicians and their subjective interpretation of these memorization processes. The balance between the clinical evidence needs to be contrasted with the subjective elements of a person's self-perception and understanding. It is my aim in this study to explore these perceptions in the context of real life situations. It should also be noted that the observations made are a reflection of the subject's personal experiences and their subjective view of these experiences.
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Kennon, Raquel. "Transforming Trauma: Memory and Slavery in Black Atlantic Literature since 1830." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10396.
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Transforming Trauma: Memory and Slavery in Black Atlantic Literature since 1830 examines the interplay between remembering and forgetting in literary and cultural engagements with the trauma of transatlantic slavery. The dissertation considers how intergenerational, trans-temporal trauma becomes re-narrativized and re-envisioned over time in four symbolic sites of slavery (five countries)—Africa (Ghana and Mozambique), the Caribbean (Cuba), Brazil, and the United States—with the goal of exposing differences and emphasizing ruptures. Each chapter functions like a slave schooner arriving at an outpost of the African Diaspora, touring an eclectic transatlantic archive of slavery including art, public space, newspaper clippings, telenovelas, monuments (both imagined and built), song, and advertising copy, then dropping an anchor to explore a more traditional cross section of literature from each national context, juxtaposing canonical and non-canonical works. Taken together, the chapters probe the ways nineteenth and twentieth century Inter-American and African “texts,” broadly defined, register the trauma of slavery in the Black Atlantic. Chapter 1 discusses Brazilian author Bernardo Guimarães’ short novel, A Escrava Isaura (1875) and its wildly popular telenovela adaption in 1976 as an example of one of slavery’s twentieth century kitsch manifestations. The theme of Exodus in African American literature is considered in chapter 2 with a reading of Frances E.W. Harper’s 1869 poem, “Moses,” followed by an extended exploration of the early twentieth century Mammy cult including the 1922 statue proposal. Chapter 3 explores scenes of racial violence and offers a reading of the horrific American ritual of lynching in Jean Toomer’s “Kabnis” and “Portrait in Georgia” in Cane (1923) followed by textual analysis of Robert Hayden’s “Middle Passage” (1962, 1966). Chapter 4 focuses on the Brazilian collective memory of the old historic district of Pelourinho in Salvador, Bahia as the former site of punishment at the pillory (whipping post) for enslaved Africans. Close readings in this chapter include Castro Alves’s classic epic poem, “O navio negreiro” from Os Escravos (1883) and Carolina Maria de Jesus’s diary of favela life, O Quarto de Despejo (1960) in addition to shorter readings of the poetry of Alzira Rufino, Esmeralda Ribeiro, Francisco Alvim, and a short novel by Dudda Seixas. Chapter 5 engages with the charged metaphor of sugar and compares the only extant nineteenth century Cuban slave narrative, Juan Francisco Manzano’s Autobiografía de un esclavo (1839) with a twentieth century account of maroon Esteban Montejo’s slave narrative as related to anthropologist/writer Miguel Barnet in Cimarrón: Historia de un esclavo (1966). The final chapter addresses the so-called literary African amnesia around slavery and examines vestiges of the memory of slavery in three African texts: Noémia de Sousa’s “Negra” (1949), Ama Ata Aidoo’s The Dilemma of a Ghost (1965), and Ayi Kwei Armah’s Two Thousand Seasons (1973).
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Choudhary, Carolyn J. "Why laterality matters in trauma : sinister aspects of memory and emotion." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1225.
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This thesis presents an eclectic mix of studies which consider laterality in the context of previous findings of increased prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in male combat veterans with non-consistent right hand preference. Two studies extend these findings not just to civilian populations and women, but to left handers and find that left, rather than mixed, handedness is associated with increased prevalence of PTSD in both general population and clinical samples, and to severity of symptoms in the former. To examine issues relevant to the fear response in healthy populations, a movie excerpt is shown to be theoretically likely to target the emotion of fear and to generate subjective and physiological (skin conductance) responses of fear. The film is used as a laboratory analogue of fear to examine possible differences in left and right handers in memory (for events of the film) and in an emotional Stroop paradigm known to produce a robust and large effect specifically in PTSD. According to predictions based on lateralisation of functions in the brain relevant to the fear response, left handers show a pattern of enhanced memory for visual items and poorer memory for verbal material compared to right handers. Immediately after viewing the film, left handers show an interference effect on the Stroop paradigm to general threat and film words and increased response latency compared to right handers, approaching performance of previously reported clinical samples with PTSD. A novel non-word Stroop task fails to show these effects, consistent both with accounts of interference as language processing effects and compromised verbal processing in PTSD. Unexpected inferior performance of females in memory for the film, contrary to previous literature, may also be amenable to explanations invoking compromised left hemisphere language functions in fear situations. In testing one theory of left handedness as due to increased levels of in utero testosterone, the 2D:4D (second to fourth digit ratio) provides mixed evidence in two samples. A possible association of more female-like digit ratios in males with PTSD is a tentative finding possibly relevant to sex differences in prevalence of PTSD. A critique of existing and inadequate theoretical accounts of handedness concludes the thesis and proposes a modification of the birth stress hypothesis to one specifically considering peri-natal trauma to account for the above findings. This hypothesis remains to be empirically tested.
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Humphries, C. "The impact of culture and trauma exposure on autobiographical memory specificity." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2010. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/26488/.
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Ronayne, Emma. "Trauma-centred identity and autobiographical memory in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2013. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/49477/.
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Posttraumatic stress disorder is a prevalent and disabling disorder that can occur following experience of trauma. Contemporary clinical models of PTSD assert that memories for trauma are poorly elaborated and inadequately integrated into autobiographical memory (AM). Recent work of cognitive psychologists suggests, however, that trauma memories remain highly accessible and form a cognitive reference point for the organisation of autobiographical knowledge, leading to the development of trauma-centred identity. The current study sought to explore further the relationships between PTSD symptoms, the phenomenological properties of AM for trauma, and trauma-centred identity. A community sample of 82 participants (male, n = 24; mean age = 36.10 years, SD = 10.82) was recruited. A within-subjects, correlational design was employed. Participants completed online questionnaires relating to PTSD symptoms, the phenomenological properties of a trauma memory and negative memory, and centrality of event to identity. Participants also provided written narratives of both a trauma and negative event. Differences between traumatic and negative memories, and relationships between trauma memory features and both PTSD and centrality were assessed using computerised textual analysis and self-report measures. Results indicated that trauma memories were significantly less coherent, less detailed, and contained fewer spatial references but more cognitive process terms than negative memories. PTSD symptoms correlated significantly with fragmentation of trauma memories and with use of the present tense in trauma narratives. A sense of reliving when remembering trauma and use of present tense were both significantly associated with centrality of event. Results were thus primarily consistent with contemporary clinical theories of PTSD with certain 3 elements of the centrality position also demonstrated. Findings were discussed in relation to the study’s methodological limitations, including difficulties encountered through LIWC’s lack of consideration of context when counting lexical items. Theoretical implications regarding the measurement of constructs such as fragmentation were outlined. Findings supported current treatment guidelines.
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Austine, Helena. "The persistence of memory : slavery and trauma in Tony Morrison's Beloved." FIU Digital Commons, 2007. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1338.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the personal narrative in the sub-genre of African-American literature known as the enslavement narrative. To do this, a deep reading of Toni Morrison's novel of slavery, Beloved (1987), will employ a psychological reading of slavery as trauma to reveal the tropes common to both the enslavement narrative and therapeutic discourses about trauma and its after effects. The personal narrative is the basis upon which the nineteenth century narrative of enslavement draws power and authority and is also of primary importance in understanding the phenomenon of psychological trauma. It is the aim of this study to examine where these two discourses overlap. By employing a deep reading of Beloved in context of psychological trauma, the African American autobiography as a literary project is found to be a means of resistance and reclamation of a whole, African American subjectivity.
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Saeed, Humaira Zaineb. "Persisting partition : gender, memory and trauma in women's narratives of Pakistan." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/persisting-partition-gender-memory-and-trauma-in-womens-narratives-of-pakistan(f98704ee-424b-4639-ab10-b08f9e35560b).html.
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This project centres on the continuing relevance of the 1947 Partition of India in texts that engage with the national landscape of Pakistan. This approach proposes that Partition cannot be understood outside of a discussion of Pakistan, as Partition emerged through demands for liberty and enfranchisement for India’s Muslims that became articulated through the discourse of the nation-state; my analysis of cultural texts asks what the implications are of this proposal. This study moves beyond looking at Partition as an isolated series of events in 1947 and contextualises its processes, interrogating why Partition and Pakistan became such a persuasive demand, and what the ongoing ramifications are of its happening. This thesis also considers what the 1971 secession of Bangladesh suggests regarding the attempts of the original cartographic articulation of Pakistan to maintain a unified nation. This project seeks to understand Partition in new ways by utilising a framework that takes into account the broader context of Partition both temporally and spatially. It moves beyond work that solely focusses on texts that discuss the moment of Partition directly, by examining texts that approach the time that preceded Partition, and that which succeeded it. In so doing this thesis charts how texts articulate the arguments for Pakistan’s creation against the events and commemoration of its becoming. I aim to be broad temporally, geographically, and in how I engage with the notion of violence, extending this to include the bureaucratic violence of drawing borders and colonial withdrawal. This study maintains a focus on women’s narratives, arguing that due to the gendered experience of violence at the time of Partition, such as rape, abduction, and honour killing, women’s stories have a particular intervention to make. As such this thesis proposes that there is a pattern of specifically gendered trauma that emerges which disrupts dominant nationalist remembering of Partition. This work takes an interdisciplinary focus by analysing fiction, feature film and documentary. Central to the study is the deployment of a number of theoretical methodologies, such as affect, cultural memory and trauma. Engagement with this critical material enables a discussion of the cultural texts that considers the role of affects in generating and maintaining national belonging, the impact of trauma on individuals who lived through Partition and on the nation writ large, and the implications of how trauma and affect are negotiated when texts imagine reparative futures.
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Ottman, Esta T. "History’s Wound: Collective Trauma and the Israel/Palestine conflict." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17398.
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In considering the Israel-Palestine conflict, focus has remained on conventional major issues: borders, settlements, Jerusalem, Palestinian refugee rights and water. Should there be one binational state, or two states for two peoples? Yet this is a conflict that is sustained by factors more profound than the dispute over limited resources or competing nationalisms. The parties’ narratives, continually rehearsed, speak of a cataclysmic event or chain of events, a collective trauma, which has created such deep suffering and disruption that the rehearsers remain ‘frozen’ amid the overarching context of political violence.
This study offers a critical analysis of the concept of collective trauma together with the role of commemorative practices, including core contemporary canonical days of memory, and asks to what extent they may hinder progress in the resolution of an intractable conflict, such as the Israel/Palestine conflict. Without addressing the powerful traumatic current that underpins a chronic conflict, no amount of top-down formal peace-making is likely to be sustainable.
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Jelinek, Lena. "Memory fragmentation in posttraumatic stress disorder : content specific or generalised /." Berlin : Wvb, Wiss. Verl, 2007. http://www.wvberlin.de/data/inhalt/jelinek.html.
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Kenny, Lucy Margaret Psychology Faculty of Science UNSW. "Memory processes in posttraumatic stress disorder." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Psychology, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25206.
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Current theories of PTSD propose that impaired retrieval of trauma memories may impede processing of these memories and subsequent trauma recovery. This thesis investigated memory retrieval processes in trauma survivors with and without symptoms of posttraumatic stress, and in non-traumatised individuals exposed to a highly arousing event. Study 1 examined deliberate avoidance of unwanted memories in recent trauma survivors. The results indicated that attempts to forget were associated with poorer recall of forgotten information, but the size of this effect did not depend on the presence or absence of Acute Stress Disorder (ASD). Study 2 investigated automatic retrieval inhibition in trauma survivors with or without Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The results suggested that repeated retrieval of trauma-related information by individuals with PTSD can cause inhibition of related, but unpractised information. Studies 3 and 4 examined the relationship between the vantage point of trauma memories, avoidance and posttraumatic stress symptomatology. The findings indicated that recalling a traumatic event from an observer perspective is associated with post trauma avoidance. They also showed that an observer vantage point in the initial few weeks after trauma is associated with poorer long-term post trauma adjustment. Studies 5, 6 and 7 were analogue studies which analysed the impact of heightened arousal on memory retrieval in novice skydivers. The results suggested that elevated arousal can interfere with retrieval of information related to the arousal-inducing event. Study 7 also indicated that autobiographical memory for the event may be impaired. Finally, Study 8 examined the qualities of trauma memories that were accessed via different modes of retrieval. The results provided evidence that intrusive memories were experienced as more realistic and with more intense affect than memories for the same event that were deliberately retrieved. Together, the findings of this program of research extend current theories of PTSD by highlighting the mechanisms through which retrieval of trauma memories may be impaired. The results suggest that the quality of trauma memories is affected by avoidance processes, elevated arousal and level of conscious control the individual exerts over retrieval.
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Hunter, Elaine. "The nature, antecedents and consequences of forgetting in adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313716.
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Brundan, Katherine. "Mysterious women : memory, madness, and trauma in the nineteenth-century sensation narrative /." view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1192179961&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 204-216). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Cheng, Fei-Wen. "The 'wounded' nation : trauma, memory and national identity in contemporary Taiwanese society." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405389.
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Michael, Tanja. "The nature of trauma memory and intrusive cognitions in posttraumatic stress disorder." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365289.
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Bush, Melissa. "Home Sweet Home: An Infinite Grid of Memory and Repressed Abuse Trauma." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5611.
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Incorporating traditional craft mediums of crochet and embroidery, I use digital technology to experiment with wording to graphically represent my abuse trauma. Due to the severity of the subject matter and the work ethic I employ in my art practice, using my hands and being completely involved is a form of masochistic pleasure. My process takes on a Sisyphean approach of penance for the sins of others in my work. During my studio practice, my process reaches a meditative state where my mind is clear and free of the burden. Once I've completed a panel of trauma, the burden is transported into the art and a state of enlightenment is achieved. I began this program taking an analysis from an external perspective, gradually shifting my focus of artistic practice to my internal struggles with memory and repressed abuse trauma. Since I have selfishly focused on my personal tragedies for inspiration for the past three years, my work can now address a more universal subject matter in the future.M.F.A.
Masters
Visual Arts and Design
Arts and Humanities
Emerging Media; Studio Art and the Computer
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Supachalasai, Chyatat. "Theorising the politics of survivors : memory, trauma and subjectivity in International Politics." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/11470fbd-d5e0-45b5-978e-cce9b4794624.
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Vigilante, Donna Marie. "Juror's Perception of Recovered Memory, Type of Trauma and Adult Witness Demeanor." UNF Digital Commons, 2001. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/266.
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College students judged the testimony in a civil trial in which a childhood memory had been recovered after 20 years. Participants were 108 students (n = 79 female and 29 male) enrolled in undergraduate psychology courses. The design was a 2 X 2 X 2 between subjects factorial design which investigated effects of the type of incident (sexual abuse/hit-and-run), how the memory was recovered (therapy/wedding), and type of testimony (assertive/emotional). The study determined that mock jurors were likely to perceive the plaintiff's testimony as credible when she testified she was sexually abused as a child rather than when she was a victim of a hit-and-run accident. The results also indicated that testimonial demeanor had a significant effect on mock jurors' perception of the plaintiff's credibility and that if a female victim testifies with a nonemotional stereotypical masculine demeanor, the jurors may react in a negative manner.
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Sheffield, Kimberly. "From denotation to detonation : aestheticization, memory and emphathic readings in trauma narratives." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13944.
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My research centers around the representation of traumatic or otherwise extreme human experiences through modes of fictional writing. I am essentially looking into the renderings of unspeakable subject matter that occupies a liminal space in language's functioning. I aim to explore the potentialities of the most irredeemably strange or seemingly incoherent experiences of others, and show that they can be accessed and expressed. Accessing these types of memories or experiences by narrative and the techniques of fictional literature, brings us to a deeper understanding of and engagement with an experience when it is not our own. I believe that looking into the formal techniques of literature can function to provide a point of entry into addressing the integrity and expressibility of experiences and memory's functioning. In my initial section, I aim to give a general sense of the functional definitions and critical influences of the themes of narrative, witness, trauma, and testimony. The difficulties and paradoxes of coherent traumatic witnessing and testimonies are addressed through Laub, Felman, and Agamben - and I suggest that there is a need for something outside the realm of strict nonfiction and memoir in order to keep stories of extreme human experience alive in a cultural consciousness. Ultimately, I posit that the work of imaginative writing benefits and bypasses some of the discrepancies of testimony by means of some of the latitudes allowed by the formal aspects of fiction. The texts whose formal elements are addressed are W.G. Sebald's Austerlitz and Anne Michaels's Fugitive Pieces. Using Austerlitz, I attend to the themes of alienation through looking specifically at narrative style. Using Michel de Certeau's theory of the everyday, I suggest that the contours of the familiar have a specific capacity for expressing profundity in such a way in that they serve as a place of remembering and forgetting. The world to which most people can relate can be the location of an engagement with an experience that was perhaps beforehand beyond the realm of recognizable language. Through Michaels's text, I explore the value of acknowledging a suspicion of language for its shortcomings for capturing the essence of descriptions. Following this, I also make a case for the value of empathic readings, as they serve the purpose of redemption and of fostering hope and healing in the wake of traumatic memory. My research centers around the representation of traumatic or otherwise extreme human experiences through modes of fictional writing. I am essentially looking into the renderings of unspeakable subject matter that occupies a liminal space in language's functioning. I aim to explore the potentialities of the most irredeemably strange or seemingly incoherent experiences of others, and show that they can be accessed and expressed. Accessing these types of memories or experiences by narrative and the techniques of fictional literature, brings us to a deeper understanding of and engagement with an experience when it is not our own. I believe that looking into the formal techniques of literature can function to provide a point of entry into addressing the integrity and expressibility of experiences and memory's functioning. In my initial section, I aim to give a general sense of the functional definitions and critical influences of the themes of narrative, witness, trauma, and testimony. The difficulties and paradoxes of coherent traumatic witnessing and testimonies are addressed through Laub, Felman, and Agamben - and I suggest that there is a need for something outside the realm of strict nonfiction and memoir in order to keep stories of extreme human experience alive in a cultural consciousness. Ultimately, I posit that the work of imaginative writing benefits and bypasses some of the discrepancies of testimony by means of some of the latitudes allowed by the formal aspects of fiction. The texts whose formal elements are addressed are W.G. Sebald's Austerlitz and Anne Michaels's Fugitive Pieces. Using Austerlitz, I attend to the themes of alienation through looking specifically at narrative style. Using Michel de Certeau's theory of the everyday, I suggest that the contours of the familiar have a specific capacity for expressing profundity in such a way in that they serve as a place of remembering and forgetting. The world to which most people can relate can be the location of an engagement with an experience that was perhaps beforehand beyond the realm of recognizable language. Through Michaels's text, I explore the value of acknowledging a suspicion of language for its shortcomings for capturing the essence of descriptions. Following this, I also make a case for the value of empathic readings, as they serve the purpose of redemption and of fostering hope and healing in the wake of traumatic memory.
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Shah, Tamanna Maqbool. "Collective memory and narrative: ethnography of social trauma in Jammu and Kashmir." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13631.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Sociology
Laszlo Kulcsar
Kashmir has been in the throes of a civil war since late 1989. The armed conflict between Islamist militants and the Indian security forces has consumed over one hundred thousand civilian lives. Communities have been displaced from their centuries’ old heritage. Almost every household has lost a dear one to the bullet of either a security man or a militant. Deeply entrenched patterns of militarization of the Kashmiri society encompassing a range of material and discursive processes have produced horrific social suffering for local communities in the ostensible rhetoric of protecting national sovereignty. In a situation where Kashmiris have been identified as threats to national order and incarcerated, literally and figuratively, as prisoners of the state, they try hard to retain their sense of history since awareness of history enhances communal and national identity. However, in a society under siege the only tools to retain a sense of ‘social self’ and ethnic collectivity, are through narrative telling and recall to memory that help live trauma collectively to give vent to their plight. This thesis attempts to broadly review the problem in Kashmir and then describe in detail various techniques that Kashmiri society employs like commemoration, narrative telling, oral history, symbolism, theatre, language, and memory etc. to create and live trauma collectively to maintain identity and strive for the perceived cause. Through such reliving of collective trauma societies seek their identity and reinvent their ethnicity.
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Petta, Renata Lemos. "A memória dos moradores do Araguaia sobre \"Osvaldão\": liderança, luta e resistência!" Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100134/tde-26062017-101133/.
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A presente pesquisa trata de analisar a memória dos camponeses do Araguaia sobre um de seus principais Guerrilheiros Osvaldão. A partir da participação da autora da pesquisa em um documentário intitulado Osvaldão foram coletadas entrevistas e através dela identificamos as memórias míticas em torno do personagem supracitado. Essas memórias revelam um homem com qualidades extraordinárias e até sobrenaturais. Nosso objetivo é analisar que elementos propiciaram essa memória mítica e como ela permanece presente entre os moradores do Araguaia. Com as contribuições de Martin Baró, Halbwachs e Selligman Silva compreendemos a relações de trauma e das diferentes estratégias da memória para garantir a própria sobrevivência de quem lembra. A simbolização e a criação do mito surge então como o necessidade para conseguir dar sentido onde não se tem. Essa possibilidade de criação simbólica, de resistência e também o intenso sentimento de solidariedade entre os moradores e Osvaldão funcionam como referências da memória. Em Benjamin, compreendemos que os componentes miraculosos das narrativas funcionam como fatores fixadores e perpetuadores dela. Nas entrevistas percebemos o intenso afeto dos moradores com Osvaldão, o trauma das vivências na guerra e a criação do mito não só como estratégia de sobrevivência dos moradores mas também de OsvaldãoThis research is to analyze the memory of the Araguaia peasants on one of its main fighters \"Osvaldão\". From the author\'s participation in the research for the production of the documentary entitled \"Osvaldão\" interviews were collected and, through them, identify the \" mythical \" memories around the aforementioned character. These memories reveal a man with extraordinary and even supernatural qualities. Our goal is to analyze elements that propitiated this memory \"mythical\" and how it remains present among the residents of the Araguaia. With contributions from Martin - Baró, Halbwachs and Selligman - Silva understand the trauma of relationships and different strategies of memory to ensure the survival of those who remember. The symbolization and the creation of the myth then emerge as a need to be able to give direction where no one has. This possibility of symbolic creation, resistance and also the intense feeling of solidarity among residents and Osvaldão function as memory references. In Benjamin, we understand that the miraculous components of the narrative function as fixers and perpetuators of it factors. In the interviews we noticed the intense affection of the residents in relation to Osvaldão, the trauma of the experiences in the war and the creation of the myth not only as a survival strategy of the residents, but also Osvaldão
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Swart, Inette. "The influence of trauma on musicians." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24870.
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The aim of this study was to shed light on the influence of trauma on aspects of musicians’ music-making, particularly but not exclusively limited to its effects on emotional expression and memory during music performance and study. Effects on performers and teachers were considered, explicated and discussed in the light of the rapidly expanding body of knowledge about factors involved in psychological sequelae following exposure to traumatic event(s). Examples are given of how trauma has affected famous musicians and composers. Questionnaires sent to healthcare professionals and music teachers and four case study investigations illuminated specific signs of trauma. Findings underlined that, while responses to trauma are always of a very individual nature, these often particularly affected emotional expression and altered the perceived experience of emotions. Dissociative symptoms were found to affect memory and concentration. Trauma sequelae caused interference, drained energy levels, affected motivation, interpersonal relationships and self-esteem but also led to growth and trauma-catalyzed transformation. Anxiety and tension-related problems had pronounced effects on music performance and high levels of ‘stage fright’ were reported by previously traumatized participants. Trauma was shown to influence the career paths and decisions of musicians. As gleaned from the literature and research surveys, the following therapeutic approaches appear to be effective: Psychotherapy, trauma counselling, Cognitive-Behavioural therapy, hypnotherapy, EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), EMI (Eye Movement Integration), pharmacological treatment, natural supplements, body therapies such as SE (Somatic Experiencing) and complementary techniques such as acupressure. Sound and music were identified by respondents and participants as playing an extremely beneficial role in the healing process. The possible benefits of incorporating alternative healing modalities are discussed, but it is made clear that this should only be used in conjunction with scientifically proven and thoroughly researched psychotherapeutic intervention strategies. This study’s results, appropriately disseminated, are intended to increase awareness and knowledge in performers and teachers, and enable particularly teachers to refer students to appropriate healthcare services in ways not risking further traumatization. Findings can assist healthcare professionals to better understand particular manifestations of trauma responses in musicians and enable them to intervene in more effective ways.Thesis (DMus)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Music
unrestricted
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Satterlee, Michelle. "Shadows of the self : trauma, memory, and place in twentieth-century American fiction /." view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1196413471&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Study of themes in the novels of Edward Abbey, Lan Cao, Toni Morrison, and Leslie Marmon Silko. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 233-238). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Szegvari, Nora. "Collecting Stardust: Matter, Memory, and Trauma in Patricio Guzman's Nostalgia for the Light." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4589.
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This work situates Patricio Guzmàn's Nostalgia for the Light in the broader field of essay documentary film and unveils it as a locus of discursive resistance and the generative crux of diverse conventionally isolated academic dialogues. In doing so, it addresses the challenging and controversial questions of historical meaning-making, remembrance and oblivion, melancholia and mourning. My thesis also endeavors to detect the dynamic and anxiety-inducing threshold between singularity and collectivity, and the human and the cosmic. I lay the historically unprecedented common ground for trauma theory and the essayistic comportment and argue that bearing the clash of time planes, paradoxicality, ambiguity, and aporias at its heart, the essayistic endeavor simulates the ontology of trauma itself. In my theorization, both operate via the originary metaphorical overleaping of matter between physical and metaphysical spheres, conscious and unconscious themes. These figurative transferences creatively transgress registers, genres, sharply-contoured discourses, and translate between the multiple surfaces of human existence and experience. I propose that the essayistic meandering of moving along residues and fissures opens up a more ethical approach to trauma. Such a disposition diverges from the positivist certitude of polarizing, moralizing, and sublimating narratives which inevitably lead to foreclosure. Filtering my arguments through the film's aestheticization of absence, I offer an ethical and responsible stance toward trauma and reveal its affective force as the substrate of our intricate relations to the other and our organic and non-organic environment.
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Harrison, Claire L. "Negative symptons trauma and autobiographical memory : An investigation of individuals recovering from psychosis." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251631.
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Griesel, Dorothee. "An investigation of trauma and its cognitive and emotional consequences in prostituted victims of sexual crimes." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2484.
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The present research is a field investigation of trauma and its cognitive and emotional consequences. One hundred and nineteen sex trade workers were interviewed about sexually traumatic experiences. The primary focus of this research was an examination of the quantity and quality of memory for sexual trauma. Various predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors were examined regarding their influence on memory and posttraumatic stress. One objective of this study was to test certain assumptions of the biopsychosocial model of eyewitness memory (Hervé, Cooper, & Yuille, 2007), which proposes that individuals differ along a continuum of arousal sensitivity and predicts the quantity and quality of recall. Up to three types of memory narratives were elicited from each participant: (a) one positive event (b) one well-remembered sexual assault, and (c) one sexual assault for which the participant had poor recollection. Each memory was assessed for peritraumatic and posttraumatic factors. The participants also filled out a number of individual differences measures. The results indicated that the participants had extensive histories of trauma, many of which began in their childhood. It was shown that well-remembered sexual assaults contained more narrative details than memories of positive events and less-well-remembered sexual assaults. Such variability of memory for sexual violence is in line with Hervé et al.'s model as well as other field studies of traumatic memory. This was the first study to demonstrate such variability within-subjects. Various moderating factors of memory were examined, for example, dissociation and different symptoms of posttraumatic stress. Some of the findings were at odds with traditional theories, laboratory findings, and certain assumptions held by many eyewitness memory experts regarding the relationship between stress and memory. A second objective of this dissertation was to examine predictors of post traumatic stress disorder. The findings largely confirmed the literature. Men and women did not differ in their levels of posttraumatic stress. Overall, the complexity of clinical symptoms in survivors of repeated sexual violence is highlighted. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for theory development, future research, the criminal justice system, and in terms of their relevance for treatment providers and assessors.
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Tumminio, Danielle Elizabeth. "Out of the formless void a constructive theology of trauma and its relationship to communication, memory and personal identity /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2008. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p051-0117.
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Hallett, Claudia Margaret Elaine. "An experimental trauma film study to investigate the role of peri-traumatic cognitive processing on post-event PTSD symptoms and trauma memory." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2015. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-experimental-trauma-film-study-to-investigate-to-investigate-the-role-of-peritraumatic-cognitive-processing-on-postevent-ptsd-symptoms-and-trauma-memory(b01bbfce-1db2-4a24-b847-aa833df4b226).html.
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BACKGROUND: In recent years there has been emerging empirical support for the hypothesis that the mode of processing adopted in relation to trauma can impact upon outcomes in trauma-exposed individuals. Specifically “abstract” and “concrete” cognitive processing styles have been found to exert negative and positive outcomes respectively. However, at present the mechanisms by which these processing modes exert their effects on outcomes remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: By means of a systematic narrative review, we investigated the effects of “abstract” and “concrete” cognitive processing styles on outcomes in trauma-exposed individuals, and looked for evidence of the possible mechanisms by which these processing modes may be operating. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were published in a peer-reviewed journal, conducted on an adult population, included exposure to a trauma or an analogue trauma/stressor, as well as containing a manipulation or measurement of either “abstract” or “concrete” processing. RESULTS: 12 articles were included in the review, providing data from 14 studies. Eight studies were experimental in design, four were cross-sectional and two were longitudinal. Abstract processing was shown to lower mood, increase intrusions and levels of arousal. CONCLUSIONS: Abstract processing may be a cognitive avoidance strategy, which hinders the emotional processing of trauma, and thus perpetuates traumatic symptoms. Future studies should examine the effects of processing mode on appraisals of and memory for the trauma in order to shed further light on this cognitive processing mechanism.
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Shulga, J. "Memory, history, testimony : the representation of trauma in Iurii Dombrovskii's and Vasilii Grossman's writing." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1388177/.
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This thesis is concerned with interrogating the major fiction of Vasilii Grossman and Iurii Dombrovskii in the context of trauma theory, identifying the ways in which the theory illuminates the representation of catastrophic events in Russian fiction and at the same time probing the limits of trauma theory itself. Trauma theory has often been deemed to be a “Western” concept, and its applicability to the Soviet experience has been questioned. Recently the concept has gained some ground in Soviet studies as well. Focusing on the relationship between an event and its traumatic impact, I investigate the narratives that are created about this relationship, with a particular focus on identity and unrepresentability, two concepts which are central to both trauma and Soviet studies. In my research I have found that the relevance of trauma theory can be challenged but not rejected in its entirety. The fiction of Grossman and Dombrovskii allows a creative approach to collective experience, which enables the event to be processed in unexpected ways.
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Harris, Sarah Dibble. "Voices from a wound recovery from trauma in Spanish narratives of memory since 1966 /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1619118711&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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