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Journal articles on the topic 'Memory processing in monkeys'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Umeno, Marc M., and Michael E. Goldberg. "Spatial Processing in the Monkey Frontal Eye Field. II. Memory Responses." Journal of Neurophysiology 86, no. 5 (2001): 2344–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2001.86.5.2344.

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Monkeys and humans can easily make accurate saccades to stimuli that appear and disappear before an intervening saccade to a different location. We used the flashed-stimulus task to study the memory processes that enable this behavior, and we found two different kinds of memory responses under these conditions. In the short-term spatial memory response, the monkey fixated, a stimulus appeared for 50 ms outside the neuron's receptive field, and from 200 to 1,000 ms later the monkey made a saccade that brought the receptive field onto the spatial location of the vanished stimulus. Twenty-eight o

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Fuster, Joaquín M. "More than working memory rides on long-term memory." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 26, no. 6 (2003): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x03300160.

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Single-unit data from the cortex of monkeys performing working-memory tasks support the main point of the target article. Those data, however, also indicate that the activation of long-term memory is essential to the processing of all cognitive functions. The activation of cortical long-term memory networks is a key neural mechanism in attention (working memory is a form thereof), perception, memory acquisition and retrieval, intelligence, and language.

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Wright, A., H. Santiago, S. Sands, D. Kendrick, and R. Cook. "Memory processing of serial lists by pigeons, monkeys, and people." Science 229, no. 4710 (1985): 287–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.9304205.

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Rapp, Peter R., Mary T. Kansky, and Jeffrey A. Roberts. "Impaired spatial information processing in aged monkeys with preserved recognition memory." NeuroReport 8, no. 8 (1997): 1923–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001756-199705260-00026.

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Friedman, Harriet R., Janice D. Janas, and Patricia S. Goldman-Rakic. "Enhancement of Metabolic Activity in the Diencephalon of Monkeys Performing Working Memory Task: A 2-Deoxyglucose Study in Behaving Rhesus Monkeys." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2, no. 1 (1990): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1990.2.1.18.

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The 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) method was used to study the effect of working memory processing on local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) in the diencephalon of the rhesus monkey. Monkeys were given [14C]2-DG while performing either one of three tasks that engaged working memory (WORK group) or one of two control tasks (CONT group) that used associative or non associative processes. The tasks of the WORK group—spatial delayed response, spatial delayed alternation, and delayed object alternation—are alike in that the information guiding a correct response changes from trial to trial and only the

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Gulya, Michelle, Carolyn Rovee-Collier, Lissa Galluccio, and Amy Wilk. "Memory Processing of a Serial List by Young Infants." Psychological Science 9, no. 4 (1998): 303–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00060.

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Serial list learning is thought to be beyond the capabilities of infants before the end of their 1st year. In separate experiments with 3- and 6-month-olds, we studied infants' memory for a serial list using a modified serial probe recognition procedure that was originally developed for monkeys and a precuing procedure that was previously used with human adults. Infants were trained with a three-item list. One day later, they were precued with one list member and tested for recognition of another. When the precue specified valid order information, infants of both ages recognized the test item;

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Parker, Amanda, Edward Wilding, and Colin Akerman. "The von Restorff Effect in Visual Object Recognition Memory in Humans and Monkeys: The Role of Frontal/Perirhinal Interaction." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 10, no. 6 (1998): 691–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892998563103.

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This study reports the development of a new, modified delayed matching to sample (DMS) visual recognition memory task that controls the relative novelty of test stimuli and can be used in human and nonhuman primates. We report findings from normal humans and unoperated monkeys, as well as three groups of operated monkeys. In the study phase of this modified paradigm, subjects studied lists of two-dimensional visual object stimuli. In the test phase each studied object was presented again, now paired with a new stimulus (a foil), and the subject had to choose the studied item. In some lists one

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Wright, Anthony A., Jacquelyne J. Rivera, Jeffrey S. Katz, and Jocelyne Bachevalier. "Abstract-concept learning and list-memory processing by capuchin and rhesus monkeys." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes 29, no. 3 (2003): 184–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0097-7403.29.3.184.

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Bongard, Sylvia, and Andreas Nieder. "Basic mathematical rules are encoded by primate prefrontal cortex neurons." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 5 (2010): 2277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0909180107.

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Mathematics is based on highly abstract principles, or rules, of how to structure, process, and evaluate numerical information. If and how mathematical rules can be represented by single neurons, however, has remained elusive. We therefore recorded the activity of individual prefrontal cortex (PFC) neurons in rhesus monkeys required to switch flexibly between “greater than” and “less than” rules. The monkeys performed this task with different numerical quantities and generalized to set sizes that had not been presented previously, indicating that they had learned an abstract mathematical princ

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10

Ringo, J. L. "Brevity of processing in a mnemonic task." Journal of Neurophysiology 73, no. 4 (1995): 1712–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.73.4.1712.

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1. A burst of from one to four current pulses of 0.2 ms at 100 Hz was administered bilaterally to medial temporal lobe areas while monkeys worked in a delayed matching-to-sample visual memory task. The brief electrical stimulation was used as a probe to determine when, around the 20 or 50 ms sample presentation, the disruption was most severe. 2. Stimulation within about 200 ms of the sample image onset severely perturbed the animals' ability subsequently to recognize that image. Identical stimulation at other times did not. 3. Thus, the processing during encoding, that is accessible to the im

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Colombo, Michael, Tom Fernandez, Katsuki Nakamura, and Charles G. Gross. "Functional Differentiation Along the Anterior-Posterior Axis of the Hippocampus in Monkeys." Journal of Neurophysiology 80, no. 2 (1998): 1002–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.80.2.1002.

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Colombo, Michael, Tom Fernandez, Katsuki Nakamura, and Charles G. Gross. Functional differentiation along the anterior-posterior axis of the hippocampus in monkeys. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 1002–1005, 1998. We tested whether the primate hippocampus was functionally heterogenous along its anterior-posterior axis. Two monkeys were trained on both a spatial and nonspatial memory task and the incidence of spatial and nonspatial delay activity in the anterior, middle, and posterior hippocampus was noted. Spatial delay activity (activity in the delay period after the sample stimulus on the spatial memor

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Nichols, Shaun, and Claudia Uller. "Explicit factuality and comparative evidence." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, no. 5 (1999): 776–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99462181.

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We argue that Dienes & Perner's (D&P's) proposal needs to specify independent criteria when a subject explicitly represents factuality. This task is complicated by the fact that people typically “tacitly” believe that each of their beliefs is a fact. This problem does not arise for comparative evidence on monkeys, for they presumably lack the capacity to represent factuality explicitly. D&P suggest that explicit visual processing and declarative memory depend on explicit representations of factuality, whereas the analogous implicit processes do not require such representations. Man

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Cowell, Rosemary A., Timothy J. Bussey, and Lisa M. Saksida. "Functional Dissociations within the Ventral Object Processing Pathway: Cognitive Modules or a Hierarchical Continuum?" Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 22, no. 11 (2010): 2460–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21373.

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We examined the organization and function of the ventral object processing pathway. The prevailing theoretical approach in this field holds that the ventral object processing stream has a modular organization, in which visual perception is carried out in posterior regions and visual memory is carried out, independently, in the anterior temporal lobe. In contrast, recent work has argued against this modular framework, favoring instead a continuous, hierarchical account of cognitive processing in these regions. We join the latter group and illustrate our view with simulations from a computationa

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Ng, Chi-Wing, Bethany Plakke, and Amy Poremba. "Neural correlates of auditory recognition memory in the primate dorsal temporal pole." Journal of Neurophysiology 111, no. 3 (2014): 455–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00401.2012.

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Temporal pole (TP) cortex is associated with higher-order sensory perception and/or recognition memory, as human patients with damage in this region show impaired performance during some tasks requiring recognition memory ( Olson et al. 2007 ). The underlying mechanisms of TP processing are largely based on examination of the visual nervous system in humans and monkeys, while little is known about neuronal activity patterns in the auditory portion of this region, dorsal TP (dTP; Poremba et al. 2003 ). The present study examines single-unit activity of dTP in rhesus monkeys performing a delayed

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Truppa, Valentina, Diego A. De Simone, and Carlo De Lillo. "Short-term memory effects on visual global/local processing in tufted capuchin monkeys (Sapajus spp.)." Journal of Comparative Psychology 130, no. 2 (2016): 162–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/com0000018.

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Davachi, Lila, and Patricia S. Goldman-Rakic. "Primate Rhinal Cortex Participates in Both Visual Recognition and Working Memory Tasks: Functional Mapping With 2-DG." Journal of Neurophysiology 85, no. 6 (2001): 2590–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2001.85.6.2590.

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The rhinal cortex in the medial temporal lobe has been implicated in object recognition memory tasks and indeed is considered to be the critical node in a visual memory network. Previous studies using the 2-deoxyglucose method have shown that thalamic and hippocampal structures thought to be involved in visual recognition memory are also engaged by spatial and object working memory tasks in the nonhuman primate. Networks engaged in memory processing can be recognized by analysis of patterns of activation accompanying performance of specifically designed tasks. In the present study, we compared

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Brady, Ryan J., and Robert R. Hampton. "Post-encoding control of working memory enhances processing of relevant information in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)." Cognition 175 (June 2018): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2018.02.012.

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18

Buckley, Mark J. "The Role of the Perirhinal Cortex and Hippocampus in Learning, Memory, and Perception." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section B 58, no. 3-4b (2005): 246–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724990444000186.

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One traditional and long-held view of medial temporal lobe (MTL) function is that it contains a system of structures that are exclusively involved in memory, and that the extent of memory loss following MTL damage is simply related to the amount of MTL damage sustained. Indeed, human patients with extensive MTL damage are typically profoundly amnesic whereas patients with less extensive brain lesions centred upon the hippocampus typically exhibit only moderately severe anterograde amnesia. Accordingly, the latter observations have elevated the hippocampus to a particularly prominent position w

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Li, Chiang-Shan Ray, Pietro Mazzoni, and Richard A. Andersen. "Effect of Reversible Inactivation of Macaque Lateral Intraparietal Area on Visual and Memory Saccades." Journal of Neurophysiology 81, no. 4 (1999): 1827–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.81.4.1827.

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Effect of reversible inactivation of macaque lateral intraparietal area on visual and memory saccades. Previous studies from our laboratory identified a parietal eye field in the primate lateral intraparietal sulcus, the lateral intraparietal area (area LIP). Here we further explore the role of area LIP in processing saccadic eye movements by observing the effects of reversible inactivation of this area. One to 2 μl of muscimol (8 mg/ml) were injected at locations where saccade-related activities were recorded for each lesion experiment. After the muscimol injection we observed in two macaque

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Pasternak, Tatiana, and Daniel Zaksas. "Stimulus Specificity and Temporal Dynamics of Working Memory for Visual Motion." Journal of Neurophysiology 90, no. 4 (2003): 2757–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00422.2003.

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When asked to compare two moving stimuli separated by a delay, observers must not only identify stimulus direction but also store it in memory. We examined the properties of this storage mechanism in two macaque monkeys by sequentially presenting two random-dot stimuli, sample and test, in opposite hemifields and introducing a random-motion mask during the delay. The mask interfered with performance only at the precise location of the test, 100–200 ms after the start of the delay, and when its size and speed matched those of the remembered sample. This selective interference suggests that the

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Watanabe, Yumiko, and Shintaro Funahashi. "Neuronal Activity Throughout the Primate Mediodorsal Nucleus of the Thalamus During Oculomotor Delayed-Responses. II. Activity Encoding Visual Versus Motor Signal." Journal of Neurophysiology 92, no. 3 (2004): 1756–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00995.2003.

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We collected single-neuron activity from the mediodorsal (MD) nucleus of the thalamus, examined the information that was represented by task-related activity during performance of a spatial working memory task, and compared the present results with those obtained in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). We used two oculomotor delayed-response (ODR) tasks. In the ordinary ODR task, monkeys were required to make a memory-guided saccade to the location where a visual cue had been presented 3 s previously, whereas in the rotatory ODR task, they were required to make a memory-guided saccade 9

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Pasternak, Tatiana, and Duje Tadin. "Linking Neuronal Direction Selectivity to Perceptual Decisions About Visual Motion." Annual Review of Vision Science 6, no. 1 (2020): 335–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-vision-121219-081816.

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Psychophysical and neurophysiological studies of responses to visual motion have converged on a consistent set of general principles that characterize visual processing of motion information. Both types of approaches have shown that the direction and speed of target motion are among the most important encoded stimulus properties, revealing many parallels between psychophysical and physiological responses to motion. Motivated by these parallels, this review focuses largely on more direct links between the key feature of the neuronal response to motion, direction selectivity, and its utilization

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Naya, Yuji, Masatoshi Yoshida, and Yasushi Miyashita. "Forward Processing of Long-Term Associative Memory in Monkey Inferotemporal Cortex." Journal of Neuroscience 23, no. 7 (2003): 2861–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.23-07-02861.2003.

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Carlson, Synnöve, Pia Rämä, Heikki Tanila, Ilkka Linnankoski, and Heikki Mansikka. "Dissociation of Mnemonic Coding and Other Functional Neuronal Processing in the Monkey Prefrontal Cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 77, no. 2 (1997): 761–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1997.77.2.761.

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Carlson, Synnöve, Pia Rämä, Heikki Tanila, Ilkka Linnankoski, and Heikki Mansikka. Dissociation of mnemonic coding and other functional neuronal processing in the monkey prefrontal cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 761–774, 1997. Single-neuron activity was recorded in the prefrontal cortex of three monkeys during the performance of a spatial delayed alternation (DA) task and during the presentation of a variety of visual, auditory, and somatosensory stimuli. The aim was to study the relationship between mnemonic neuronal processing and other functional neuronal responsiveness at the single-neuron l

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Wilke, Melanie, Igor Kagan, and Richard A. Andersen. "Effects of Pulvinar Inactivation on Spatial Decision-making between Equal and Asymmetric Reward Options." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 25, no. 8 (2013): 1270–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00399.

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The ability to selectively process visual inputs and to decide between multiple movement options in an adaptive manner is critical for survival. Such decisions are known to be influenced by factors such as reward expectation and visual saliency. The dorsal pulvinar connects to a multitude of cortical areas that are involved in visuospatial memory and integrate information about upcoming eye movements with expected reward values. However, it is unclear whether the dorsal pulvinar is critically involved in spatial memory and reward-based oculomotor decision behavior. To examine this, we reversib

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Compte,, Albert, Christos Constantinidis, Jesper Tegnér, et al. "Temporally Irregular Mnemonic Persistent Activity in Prefrontal Neurons of Monkeys During a Delayed Response Task." Journal of Neurophysiology 90, no. 5 (2003): 3441–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00949.2002.

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An important question in neuroscience is whether and how temporal patterns and fluctuations in neuronal spike trains contribute to information processing in the cortex. We have addressed this issue in the memory-related circuits of the prefrontal cortex by analyzing spike trains from a database of 229 neurons recorded in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of 4 macaque monkeys during the performance of an oculomotor delayed-response task. For each task epoch, we have estimated their power spectrum together with interspike interval histograms and autocorrelograms. We find that 1) the properties

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Inoue, Masato, and Akichika Mikami. "Prefrontal Activity During Serial Probe Reproduction Task: Encoding, Mnemonic, and Retrieval Processes." Journal of Neurophysiology 95, no. 2 (2006): 1008–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00552.2005.

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To study the prefrontal neuronal mechanism for the encoding and mnemonic processing of multiple objects, the order of object presentation, and the retrieval of an object among objects in the working memory, we recorded neuronal activity from the lateral prefrontal cortex while two monkeys performed the serial probe reproduction task. In the task, two objects (C1 and C2) were presented sequentially interleaved with a delay (D1) period, and after the second delay (D2) period, a color cue was presented. Monkeys were trained to select one target object on the basis of the color stimulus. During th

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Washburn, David A., Jonathan P. Gulledge, Michael J. Beran, and J. David Smith. "With his memory magnetically erased, a monkey knows he is uncertain." Biology Letters 6, no. 2 (2009): 160–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0737.

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Although intelligence is associated with what one knows, it is also important to recognize and to respond adaptively when one is uncertain. This competency has been examined developmentally and comparatively, but it is difficult to distinguish between objective versus subjective cues to which organisms may respond. In this study, transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to disrupt cognitive processing by a rhesus monkey ( Macaca mulatta ) in a computerized divided visual field memory task. When magnetic stimulation disrupted neural activity in the cerebral hemisphere that initially processed

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Keller, Edward L., Kyoung-Min Lee, Se-Woong Park, and Jessica A. Hill. "Effect of Inactivation of the Cortical Frontal Eye Field on Saccades Generated in a Choice Response Paradigm." Journal of Neurophysiology 100, no. 5 (2008): 2726–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.90673.2008.

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Previous studies using muscimol inactivations in the frontal eye fields (FEFs) have shown that saccades generated by recall from working memory are eliminated by these lesions, whereas visually guided saccades are relatively spared. In these experiments, we made reversible inactivations in FEFs in alert macaque monkeys and examined the effect on saccades in a choice response task. Our task required monkeys to learn arbitrary pairings between colored stimuli and saccade direction. Following inactivations, the percentage of choice errors increased as a function of the number of alternative (NA)

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Chelazzi, Leonardo, John Duncan, Earl K. Miller, and Robert Desimone. "Responses of Neurons in Inferior Temporal Cortex During Memory-Guided Visual Search." Journal of Neurophysiology 80, no. 6 (1998): 2918–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.80.6.2918.

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Chelazzi, Leonardo, John Duncan, Earl K. Miller, and Robert Desimone. Responses of neurons in inferior temporal cortex during memory-guided visual search. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 2918–2940, 1998. A typical scene will contain many different objects, few of which are relevant to behavior at any given moment. Thus attentional mechanisms are needed to select relevant objects for visual processing and control over behavior. We examined this role of attention in the inferior temporal cortex of macaque monkeys, using a visual search paradigm. While the monkey maintained fixation, a cue stimulus was pres

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Paré, Martin, and Robert H. Wurtz. "Progression in Neuronal Processing for Saccadic Eye Movements From Parietal Cortex Area LIP to Superior Colliculus." Journal of Neurophysiology 85, no. 6 (2001): 2545–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2001.85.6.2545.

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Neurons in both the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) of the monkey parietal cortex and the intermediate layers of the superior colliculus (SC) are activated well in advance of the initiation of saccadic eye movements. To determine whether there is a progression in the covert processing for saccades from area LIP to SC, we systematically compared the discharge properties of LIP output neurons identified by antidromic activation with those of SC neurons collected from the same monkeys. First, we compared activity patterns during a delayed saccade task and found that LIP and SC neurons showed an

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Takeuchi, D., T. Hirabayashi, K. Tamura, and Y. Miyashita. "Reversal of Interlaminar Signal Between Sensory and Memory Processing in Monkey Temporal Cortex." Science 331, no. 6023 (2011): 1443–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1199967.

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Peng, Xinmiao, Margaret E. Sereno, Amanda K. Silva, Sidney R. Lehky, and Anne B. Sereno. "Shape Selectivity in Primate Frontal Eye Field." Journal of Neurophysiology 100, no. 2 (2008): 796–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01188.2007.

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Previous neurophysiological studies of the frontal eye field (FEF) in monkeys have focused on its role in saccade target selection and gaze shift control. It has been argued that FEF neurons indicate the locations of behaviorally significant visual stimuli and are not inherently sensitive to specific features of the visual stimuli per se. Here, for the first time, we directly examined single cell responses to simple, two-dimensional shapes and found that shape selectivity exists in a substantial number of FEF cells during a passive fixation task or during the sample, delay (memory), and eye mo

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Fuster, J. M. "Inferotemporal units in selective visual attention and short-term memory." Journal of Neurophysiology 64, no. 3 (1990): 681–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1990.64.3.681.

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1. This research was designed to further clarify how, in the primate, the neurons of the inferotemporal (IT) cortex support the cognitive functions of visually guided behavior. Specifically, the aim was to determine the role of those neurons in 1) selective attention to behaviorally relevant features of the visual environment and 2) retention of those features in temporary memory. Monkeys were trained in a memory task in which they had to discriminate and retain individual features of compound stimuli, each stimulus consisting of a colored disk with a gray symbol in the middle. A trial began w

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Srinivas, Kavitha, Sarah D. Breedin, H. Branch Coslett, and Eleanor M. Saffran. "Intact Perceptual Priming in a Patient with Damage to the Anterior Inferior Temporal Lobes." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 9, no. 4 (1997): 490–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1997.9.4.490.

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We conducted three experiments to examine whether the anterior portion of the inferior temporal (IT) lobe is involved in the processing of visual objects in humans. In monkeys, damage to this region results in severe deficits in perception and in memory for visual objects. Our study was designed to examine both these processes in a patient (DM) with bilateral damage to the anterior portion of the inferior temporal lobe. Neuropsychological examination revealed a significant semantic impairment and a mild deficit in the discrimination of familiar objects from nonobjects. Despite these difficulti

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Chen, He, and Yuji Naya. "Automatic Encoding of a View-Centered Background Image in the Macaque Temporal Lobe." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 12 (2020): 6270–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaa183.

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Abstract Perceptual processing along the ventral visual pathway to the hippocampus (HPC) is hypothesized to be substantiated by signal transformation from retinotopic space to relational space, which represents interrelations among constituent visual elements. However, our visual perception necessarily reflects the first person’s perspective based on the retinotopic space. To investigate this two-facedness of visual perception, we compared neural activities in the temporal lobe (anterior inferotemporal cortex, perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices, and HPC) between when monkeys gazed on an o

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Houk, J. C., C. Bastianen, D. Fansler, et al. "Action selection and refinement in subcortical loops through basal ganglia and cerebellum." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 362, no. 1485 (2007): 1573–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2063.

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Subcortical loops through the basal ganglia and the cerebellum form computationally powerful distributed processing modules (DPMs). This paper relates the computational features of a DPM's loop through the basal ganglia to experimental results for two kinds of natural action selection. First, functional imaging during a serial order recall task was used to study human brain activity during the selection of sequential actions from working memory. Second, microelectrode recordings from monkeys trained in a step-tracking task were used to study the natural selection of corrective submovements. Ou

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Disney, Anita A. "Neuromodulatory Control of Early Visual Processing in Macaque." Annual Review of Vision Science 7, no. 1 (2021): 181–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-vision-100119-125739.

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Visual processing is dynamically controlled by multiple neuromodulatory molecules that modify the responsiveness of neurons and the strength of the connections between them. In particular, modulatory control of processing in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus, V1, and V2 will alter the outcome of all subsequent processing of visual information, including the extent to and manner in which individual inputs contribute to perception and decision making and are stored in memory. This review addresses five small-molecule neuromodulators—acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline,

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Colby, C. L., J. R. Duhamel, and M. E. Goldberg. "Visual, presaccadic, and cognitive activation of single neurons in monkey lateral intraparietal area." Journal of Neurophysiology 76, no. 5 (1996): 2841–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.76.5.2841.

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1. Posterior parietal cortex contains neurons that are visually responsive and active in relation to saccadic eye movements. We recorded from single neurons in a subregion of parietal cortex, the lateral intraparietal area (LIP), in alert rhesus monkeys. To characterize more completely the circumstances under which LIP neurons are responsive, we used five tasks designed to test the impact of sensory, motor, and cognitive factors. We obtained quantitative data in multiple tasks in 91 neurons. We measured neural activity during central fixation and in relation to stimulus onset and saccade onset

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Tauste Campo, Adrià, Marina Martinez-Garcia, Verónica Nácher, Rogelio Luna, Ranulfo Romo, and Gustavo Deco. "Task-driven intra- and interarea communications in primate cerebral cortex." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 15 (2015): 4761–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1503937112.

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Neural correlations during a cognitive task are central to study brain information processing and computation. However, they have been poorly analyzed due to the difficulty of recording simultaneous single neurons during task performance. In the present work, we quantified neural directional correlations using spike trains that were simultaneously recorded in sensory, premotor, and motor cortical areas of two monkeys during a somatosensory discrimination task. Upon modeling spike trains as binary time series, we used a nonparametric Bayesian method to estimate pairwise directional correlations

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Bisley, James W., Daniel Zaksas, Jason A. Droll, and Tatiana Pasternak. "Activity of Neurons in Cortical Area MT During a Memory for Motion Task." Journal of Neurophysiology 91, no. 1 (2004): 286–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00870.2003.

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We recorded the activity of middle temporal (MT) neurons in 2 monkeys while they compared the directions of motion in 2 sequentially presented random-dot stimuli, sample and test, and reported them as the same or different by pressing one of 2 buttons. We found that MT neurons were active not only in response to the sample and test stimuli but also during the 1,500-ms delay separating them. Most neurons showed a characteristic pattern of activity consisting of a small burst of firing early in the delay, followed by a period of suppression and a subsequent increase in firing rate immediately pr

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Gruber, Aaron J., Sara A. Solla, D. James Surmeier, and James C. Houk. "Modulation of Striatal Single Units by Expected Reward: A Spiny Neuron Model Displaying Dopamine-Induced Bistability." Journal of Neurophysiology 90, no. 2 (2003): 1095–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00618.2002.

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Single-unit activity in the neostriatum of awake monkeys shows a marked dependence on expected reward. Responses to visual cues differ when animals expect primary reinforcements, such as juice rewards, in comparison to secondary reinforcements, such as tones. The mechanism of this reward-dependent modulation has not been established experimentally. To assess the hypothesis that direct neuromodulatory effects of dopamine on spiny neurons can account for this modulation, we develop a computational model based on simplified representations of key ionic currents and their modulation by D1 dopamine

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Zaitsev, A. V., N. V. Povysheva, G. Gonzalez-Burgos, and D. A. Lewis. "Electrophysiological classes of layer 2/3 pyramidal cells in monkey prefrontal cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 108, no. 2 (2012): 595–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00859.2011.

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The activity of supragranular pyramidal neurons in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) neurons is hypothesized to be a key contributor to the cellular basis of working memory in primates. Therefore, the intrinsic membrane properties, a crucial determinant of a neuron's functional properties, are important for the role of DLPFC pyramidal neurons in working memory. The present study aimed to investigate the biophysical properties of pyramidal cells in layer 2/3 of monkey DLPFC to create an unbiased electrophysiological classification of these cells. Whole cell voltage recordings in the sl

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Tudusciuc, Oana, and Andreas Nieder. "Contributions of Primate Prefrontal and Posterior Parietal Cortices to Length and Numerosity Representation." Journal of Neurophysiology 101, no. 6 (2009): 2984–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.90713.2008.

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The ability to understand and manipulate quantities ensures the survival of animals and humans alike. The frontoparietal network in primates has been implicated in representing, along with other cognitive abilities, abstract quantity. The respective roles of the prefrontal and parietal areas and the way continuous quantities, as opposed to discrete ones, are represented in this network, however, are unknown. We investigated this issue by simultaneously analyzing recorded single-unit activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the fundus of the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) of two macaque monkeys

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Beiser, David G., and James C. Houk. "Model of Cortical-Basal Ganglionic Processing: Encoding the Serial Order of Sensory Events." Journal of Neurophysiology 79, no. 6 (1998): 3168–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.79.6.3168.

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Beiser, David G. and James C. Houk. Model of cortical-basal ganglionic processing: encoding the serial order of sensory events. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 3168–3188, 1998. Several lines of evidence suggest that the prefrontal (PF) cortex and basal ganglia are important in cognitive aspects of serial order in behavior. We present a modular neural network model of these areas that encodes the serial order of events into spatial patterns of PF activity. The model is based on the topographically specific circuits linking the PF with the basal ganglia. Each module traces a pathway from the PF, through th

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Gore, Alex. "Monkeys' memory." New Scientist 193, no. 2587 (2007): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(07)60144-4.

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Ito, M., H. Tamura, I. Fujita, and K. Tanaka. "Size and position invariance of neuronal responses in monkey inferotemporal cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 73, no. 1 (1995): 218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.73.1.218.

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1. Object vision is largely invariant to changes of retinal images of objects in size and position. To reveal neuronal mechanisms of this invariance, we recorded activities from single cells in the anterior part of the inferotemporal cortex (anterior IT), determined the critical features for the activation of individual cells, and examined the effects of changes in stimulus size and position on the responses. 2. Twenty-one percent of the anterior IT cells studied here responded to ranges of size > 4 octaves, whereas 43% responded to size ranges < 2 octaves. The optimal stimulus size, mea

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Issar, Deepa, Ryan C. Williamson, Sanjeev B. Khanna, and Matthew A. Smith. "A neural network for online spike classification that improves decoding accuracy." Journal of Neurophysiology 123, no. 4 (2020): 1472–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00641.2019.

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Separating neural signals from noise can improve brain-computer interface performance and stability. However, most algorithms for separating neural action potentials from noise are not suitable for use in real time and have shown mixed effects on decoding performance. With the goal of removing noise that impedes online decoding, we sought to automate the intuition of human spike-sorters to operate in real time with an easily tunable parameter governing the stringency with which spike waveforms are classified. We trained an artificial neural network with one hidden layer on neural waveforms tha

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Sereno, Anne B., and Silvia C. Amador. "Attention and Memory-Related Responses of Neurons in the Lateral Intraparietal Area During Spatial and Shape-Delayed Match-to-Sample Tasks." Journal of Neurophysiology 95, no. 2 (2006): 1078–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00431.2005.

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When a monkey attends to, remembers, and looks toward targets, the activity of some neurons in the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) changes. We recorded from isolated neurons during both a spatial and a shape match-to-sample task to examine and characterize voluntary active processes in LIP. Many LIP neurons show spatially selective activity during the delay period that depends on the location of the sample, but for most cells, this activity does not differ between the two tasks. Although much past work in posterior parietal cortex has explained responses in this region in terms of active proc

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Chafee, Matthew V., and Patricia S. Goldman-Rakic. "Matching Patterns of Activity in Primate Prefrontal Area 8a and Parietal Area 7ip Neurons During a Spatial Working MemoryTask." Journal of Neurophysiology 79, no. 6 (1998): 2919–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.79.6.2919.

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Chafee, Matthew V. and Patricia S. Goldman-Rakic. Matching patterns of activity in primate prefrontal area 8a and parietal area 7ip neurons during a spatial working memory task. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 2919–2940, 1998. Single-unit recording studies of posterior parietal neurons have indicated a similarity of neuronal activation to that observed in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in relation to performance of delayed saccade tasks. A key issue addressed in the present study is whether the different classes of neuronal activity observed in these tasks are encountered more frequently in one or th

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