Academic literature on the topic 'Menstruation Taboo Menstruation'

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Journal articles on the topic "Menstruation Taboo Menstruation"

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Mustaqim, Abdul. "Membongkar Mitosmenstruai Taboo (Kajian Tafsir Tematik Pendekatan Hermeneutik)." Musãwa Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam 5, no. 1 (2007): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2007.51.21-40.

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The concept of menstruation has both theological and mythological meanings, and is usually perceived with negativity. Such construction is partly caused by the transmission of Isra'iliyyat ideas in the Qur'anic exegesis books without any criticism. There[ore it is necessary for Muslims to deconstruct the misogynist mythologies of menstruation (haid), and then re-mrerprez it using the theological perspective as stated in Qur'anic verses dealing with the issues. By applying a thematic-hermeneutical method and historical approach to analyze the concept of menstruation in the Qur'an, this present study concludes that it has more humanistic view to menstruating women than those offered by the Jewish and Christian traditions. Al-Qur'an requires Muslims to be moderate in giving treatment to menstruating women. There are at least three main issues of menstruation addressed in the Qur'an. Firstly, issue concerning with the ways Muslims must treat their women when they menstruate. Secondly, problems related to 'iddah (women's time to wait before entering a new marriage after divorce), and the last is the idea of the obligation for menstruating women to wear jilbab.
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Mudaris, Hudan. "Menolak Menstrual Taboo dan "Angan-angan" Fiqh Kesetaraan." Musãwa Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam 5, no. 1 (2007): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2007.51.89-102.

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Women's issues have always stimulated discussion; and amongst the most debated issues is about menstruation or popularly known as haidh in Islamic literature. This signifies that although menstruation is a routine event for most adult women, it has significant consequencesfor their lives. The debates on the issues of menstruation is heated when they are not only seen within the context of women's reproductive and sexual health, but also put into the theological frame, such as in the event related to religious rituals of prayers and hajj (pilgrimage to the holy land Mecca), in which menstruating women are prohibited to engage with.
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Verma, Anjana, Ashish Patyal, Jitendra Kumar Meena, and Medha Mathur. "Breaking the silence around menstruation: experiences from urban and rural India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 3 (2021): 1538. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20210859.

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Menstruation being a normal physiological process is still considered a subject of shame. Discussion around “periods” is always kept private and not considered a normal health issue. There are many organizations (both government and non-government), who have been working towards providing menstrual hygiene management in India. However, even in 2020, “period” word is still associated with stigma in society. Cultural stereotypes have a huge impact in the efforts to alleviate the issues related to menstruation in India. Lack of awareness and accessibility make the behaviour change even more difficult. The ever-present stigma and taboos that adolescent girls and women face impact considerably how they understand and experience menstruation. Women are always expected to be the main source of information about menstruation. In India, especially rural areas, parents are often unprepared, uncomfortable and under-resourced to have a conversation about menstruation with their daughters. Hence it is difficult to allay the negative beliefs and attitudes that surround menstruation. The impact of shame and stigma around menstruation is an interwoven issue in Indian society felt by most of menstruating girls and women. Given the taboo around menstruation, discussions and sharing of knowledge on menstrual hygiene management practices are very limited.
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S., Pramodha M., and Shashirekha H. D. "Knowledge, attitude and practice of menstrual hygiene among adolescent schoolgirls of rural area, Dakshina Kannada, India." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, no. 5 (2021): 1788. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20211492.

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Background: Adolescent girls constitute a vulnerable group not only with respect to their social status but also in relation to their health. Menstruation is accompanied by a cultural taboo in almost every society in the world. Although very common issue of everyday of life, menstruation is associated with many menstruations negative attitude in young girls. The young population is seen to be trapped and confused due to the different schools of thoughts at home and the outer world. This indicates an urgency to investigate girls, menstrual needs, to inform effective responses and educate them about the right strategies of menstrual hygiene, attitudes and practices. The aim of our study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices about menstrual hygiene among adolescent school girls from rural areas of Dakshina Kannada.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted from January 2020 to February 2020 among 130 secondary schools and high school girls of rural area of Dakshina Kannada, using predesigned questionnaire after obtaining informed consent.Results: In our study, most of the students had attained menarche by 12yrs of age. 86.15% were lacking primary knowledge about menstruation, and 80% of our participants had good knowledge about cleanliness of undergarments, and 65% of students knew that menstruation was a physiological phenomenon and 71% of the participants, still believed in the taboos and myths associated with menses and 30% were shy about carrying sanitary products to school. 63.85% participants still used cloth and most worrisome finding of our study is that 63% of our students did not feel comfortable to approach their family/elders/health care workers to solve their queries about menstruation.Conclusions: The study aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude & practices of the adolescents regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene. The low level of knowledge among participants is evident from their unpreparedness while entering menarche and their strong views of menstruation as social taboo can be judged from their various restrictions, owing to such strong socio-cultural beliefs and practices. Group discussions, media campaigns, sex education in schools are required to overcome taboo associated with menstruation.
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Mu'afiah, Evi. "Islam dan Menstrual Taboo." Musãwa Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam 5, no. 1 (2007): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2007.51.41-59.

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Menstrual taboo has been historically conceptualizedby most societies as a curse for women. Such concept of menstruation deteriorates the social position and status of women in community. This article aims to discuss how Islam deals with the menstrual taboo. This is important, because all the ideas permeates by the menstrual taboo influence they way people deal with their women through the development of frame of thought, value system as well as behavioral system. Islam states that the misogynist myth of menstrual taboo and negative view toward menstruating women is contradictory to Islamic values which respect the equality of men and women before God. Unlike the doctrines believed in other religions which say that menstruation is a symbolic curse for women because of mother Eve's mistake, Islam considers it is a natural function decreed by God to maintain the life of human race.
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Anthony, Natalia. "Menstrual Taboos: religious Practices that Violate Women’s Human Rights." International Human Rights Law Review 9, no. 2 (2020): 291–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22131035-00902003.

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Abstract Some world religions consider menstruation a taboo and impose different restrictions on menstruating women. This article argues that menstrual prohibitions based on religious grounds present a unique threat to women’s human rights. Although it is acknowledged that freedom of religion is an important human right, it is contended that, when it comes to a natural biological process like menstruation, it is the rights of women that must prevail in the clash between women’s human rights and freedom of religion.
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Poly, Lutfun Nahar, Ashik Zaman, and Eashrat Jahan Eyemoon. "TV Advertisement and Menstrual Hygiene Management." International Journal of Social Science Research 8, no. 1 (2020): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijssr.v8i1.15387.

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Menstruation is an absolute natural-normal biological process of adolescents though it is unfortunately accompanied with different taboos in the society of Bangladesh. A significant number of adolescent girls have considerable lacuna of knowledge on menstruation as well as menstrual hygiene management. Thus, the aim of the study is to know how the issue of menstruation is presented on TV advertisement and what roles TV advertisements play in shaping the knowledge, attitude, and practice of girls and their parents on menstruation and menstruation hygiene management. Both content analysis and questionnaire survey have been used to present the realities of the role of TV advertisement in menstrual hygiene management process in Bangladesh. At present, about 70 percent girls are inspired to use sanitary napkin watching TV advertisement. TV advertisements play vital role to break the shackle of menstrual taboo and also provide essential information about menstruation as well as menstrual hygiene management.
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Critchley, Hilary O. D., Jacqueline A. Maybin, Gregory M. Armstrong, and Alistair R. W. Williams. "Physiology of the Endometrium and Regulation of Menstruation." Physiological Reviews 100, no. 3 (2020): 1149–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00031.2019.

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The physiological functions of the uterine endometrium (uterine lining) are preparation for implantation, maintenance of pregnancy if implantation occurs, and menstruation in the absence of pregnancy. The endometrium thus plays a pivotal role in reproduction and continuation of our species. Menstruation is a steroid-regulated event, and there are alternatives for a progesterone-primed endometrium, i.e., pregnancy or menstruation. Progesterone withdrawal is the trigger for menstruation. The menstruating endometrium is a physiological example of an injured or “wounded” surface that is required to rapidly repair each month. The physiological events of menstruation and endometrial repair provide an accessible in vivo human model of inflammation and tissue repair. Progress in our understanding of endometrial pathophysiology has been facilitated by modern cellular and molecular discovery tools, along with animal models of simulated menses. Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), including heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), imposes a massive burden on society, affecting one in four women of reproductive age. Understanding structural and nonstructural causes underpinning AUB is essential to optimize and provide precision in patient management. This is facilitated by careful classification of causes of bleeding. We highlight the crucial need for understanding mechanisms underpinning menstruation and its aberrations. The endometrium is a prime target tissue for selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs). This class of compounds has therapeutic potential for the clinical unmet need of HMB. SPRMs reduce menstrual bleeding by mechanisms still largely unknown. Human menstruation remains a taboo topic, and many questions concerning endometrial physiology that pertain to menstrual bleeding are yet to be answered.
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Kakati, Nilam. "An Inquiry into the Role of Women in Pre-Ahom and Ahom Society with Special Focus on the Institution of Kamakhya." Current Research Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 3, no. 2 (2020): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crjssh.3.2.15.

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The role of women in Pre- Ahom and Ahom society could be regarded in the broader environment within the ambit of sacred space dedicated to them. Kamakhya temple, situated near Guwahati, Assam is the most profound illustration of the sacred space of women. It is celebrated as one of the renowned centres of Tantra in India in general and Assam in particular. It has established itself not only as an eminent Tantric centre but also as a menstruating Goddess. However, menstruation has been treated as a taboo since the earliest times in various religious texts. It represented the image of impurity and pollution and was dubbed as hot and dangerous. However, in Kamakhya temple, annual menstruation of the goddess is celebrated as a festival. In June every year, Ambubachi Mela represents one of the chief celebrations of the temple. The paper attempts to analyze the theme of menstruation, placing it in the border context of Kamakhya. The article also highlights the unrestricted movement of women in the pre- Ahom and Ahom society owing to its characteristics of the tribal bearing. The study claims that the inherent dichotomy of pure-impure, auspicious- inauspicious becomes unfitting in the case of Kamakhya and her annual menstruation festival. This specifics could pave the way to identify the theme of menstruation as a lone entity beyond the dichotomy which might aid in offering a fresh understanding of the same. The study employs the mixed methodology of hermeneutics and feminist theology.
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Santra, Sutanuka. "Assessment of knowledge regarding menstruation and practices related to maintenance of menstrual hygiene among the women of reproductive age group in a slum of Kolkata, West Bengal, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 3 (2017): 708. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20170744.

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Background: Menstruation is a normal biological process and a key sign of reproductive health. Unfortunately, the taboo surrounding menstruation prevents women from articulating their needs. There is lack of awareness on the process of menstruation and hygienic management of the same. So, the problem of poor menstrual hygiene still persists in society. Objectives: 1) To elicit the knowledge regarding menstruation among the women of reproductive age group 2) To find out the practice of menstrual hygiene among them.Methods: A community based, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at Baghbazar slum, Kolkata. A total of 160 menstruating women of the age group between 15-45 years were included. The data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 20. Results: Only 32 women (20%) had idea before menarche regarding menstruation. 65% women used only sanitary pad and 30% used only cloth pieces where as 5% used both pad and cloth piece. Prevalence of sanitary pad use was significantly higher among those aged <25 years (p<0.05). With increasing literacy status as well as socio economic status, use of sanitary pad was also found to be increased and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). About 42% of the cloth piece users reused cloth piece. All those, who reused cloth pieces, washed the used cloth pieces with soap and water and 50% of them dried those under sunlight. All the women practised some kind of restriction during menstruation. About 4% individuals did not take regular bath during their bleeding period. Some women (37.5%) suffered from reproductive tract infection during or just after menstruation. Most of the study subjects (95.6%) disposed used napkins in municipal vat.Conclusions: Awareness should be increased regarding maintenance of good menstrual hygiene through health education programme.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Menstruation Taboo Menstruation"

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Chater, Janet M. (Janet Marie) Carleton University Dissertation Anthropology. "Dangerous women and male dominance; testing a theory of menstrual taboos." Ottawa, 1988.

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Hodge, Samarah. "#Menstruation: Instagram Users Challenging Social Stigma." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38870.

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In many societies there is a stigma surrounding menstruation. It is often perpetuated through representations in advertisements as well as lack of open discussions. This thesis investigates ways that people are presenting menstruation on the social media platform Instagram and concludes that this is a space which allows the normative menstruation discourse to be challenged. Instagram is a widely used app that allows users to interact with others through sharing photos and has the potential to be a space for empowerment and challenging dominant ideologies. Publicly accessible photos were collected from the app using hashtags related to menstruation and menstrual activism, as well as menstrual activist accounts and menstrual product accounts. The results of a qualitative content analysis reveal numerous themes which challenge or reinforce the stigmas: Empowerment, Solidarity, Resistance, Normalizing Periods, Women’s Health, Standard/Normative, Eco-Friendly and Marketing.
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Fitzpatrick, Katherine. "Foraging and menstruation in the Hadza of Tanzania." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/275062.

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The Hadza, residing near Lake Eyasi in northern Tanzania, represent one of the last remaining hunter-gatherer populations. Inhabiting the same area as our hominin ancestors and exploiting very similar resources, the Hadza maintain a foraging lifestyle characterised by a sexual division of labour. Studies of their foraging and food sharing habits serve as the foundation to numerous hypotheses of human behaviour and evolution. Data from the Hadza have featured heavily in debates on the sexual division of labour. These debates focus predominantly on men’s foraging, including how and why men provision. Women’s provisioning, on the other hand, is seldom explicitly examined and is often presumed to be constrained by reproduction. This thesis contributes to debates on the sexual division of labour by investigating how a woman’s reproductive status affects her foraging behaviours. Observational data on women’s foraging are investigated from 263 person/day follows (1,307 hours total) across 10 camps between 2004 and 2006. These data present the first quantitative documentation of forager women’s eating and sharing outside of camp. Interview data on women’s reproductive timeline are also analysed from in-depth interviews with 58 women from 9 camps in 2015. Spanning from menarche to menopause, these data offer the first quantitative and qualitative documentation of forager women’s menstruation. The results demonstrate that Hadza women eat and share over 800 kilocalories outside of camp per person/day. They regularly give and receive food, including gifts of honey from men. Breastfeeding women are more likely to give gifts and give more gifts than non-breastfeeding women. When they bring nurslings with them outside of camp, they forage less kilocalories per hour. Post-menopausal women eat less relative to what they forage, are less likely to receive gifts, rest less and forage more than pre-menopausal women. Although Hadza women describe their foraging workload as most difficult during late pregnancy, no significant differences in eating, sharing, resting or foraging are observed for pregnant women. Menstrual data from the Hadza reveal that menstruation is not only culturally relevant to the sexual division of labour, but it is also biologically relevant to current understandings of fertility. The majority (60%) of Hadza women report not doing their normal work during menstruation. They also report menstruation-related taboos for berry picking. The thesis presents an in-depth review of women’s menstruation, from the duration of menses to the menstrual cleaning process.
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Walter, Laura Maylene. "The Virginity Auction." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1432643881.

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Hahne, Ylva. "Den blinda röda fläcken : Menstruation i svenska museisamlingar." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Konstvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-453333.

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Denna studie undersöker förekomsten av kulturarv rörande menstruation i svenska museisamlingar samt i vilka samband de har deltagit i utställningar eller på annat sätt exponerats för allmänheten. Undersökningen ämnar även ta reda på om tabu relaterat till menstruation påverkat insamlingen och exponeringen av de såkallade ”menstruationsföremålen”. Det empiriska materialet utgörs av en enkätundersökning utskickad till vad som kan sägas vara det allmänna museiväsendet i Sverige bestående av centralmuseum, regionala museum, kommunala museum, stadsmuseum samt ytterligare tre kulturhistoriska museum med en svarsfrekvens på 85,4% då 81 av 96 museum har deltagit. Studien visar att 50,6% av museerna har menstruationsföremål i samlingarna och att majoriteten av dessa hade cirka 1-5 stycken sådana och att den absolut vanligast förekommande föremålskategorin var menstruationsskydd. 64,8% av museer med menstruationsföremål i samlingarna hade exponerat dessa för allmänheten, oftast bara ett fåtal föremål och det vanligast förekommande utställningsformatet var tillfälliga utställningar. Majoriteten av menstruationsföremålen har förvärvats åren 1951-2021. Huruvida menstruationstabut har påverkat förekomsten av kulturarv rörande menstruation i svenska museum är svårt att utröna baserat på denna studie. Däremot kan tabut ha påverkat vilken sorts föremål som finns i museernas samlingar då det mesta materialet utgörs av menstruationsskydd vars uppgift att kontrollera mensflödet kan spegla samhällets förhållande till menstruation som ofta utgörs av skamkänslor inför ämnet.<br>This study examines the existence of cultural heritage concerning menstruation in Swedish museum collections and in which contexts they have participated in exhibitions or been otherwise exposed to the public. The study also intends to find out whether taboos related to menstruation have affected the collection and exposure of the so-called "menstrual items". The empirical material consists of a survey sent to what can be said to be the general museum system in Sweden consisting of central museum, regional museum, municipal museum, city museum and three other cultural history museums with a response rate of 85.4% as 81 of 96 museums have participated. The study shows that 50.6% of the museums have menstrual items in the collections and that the majority of these museums had approximately 1-5 of such items. The most common item category was menstrual protection. 64.8% of museums with menstrual objects in the collections had exposed these to the public, usually only a few objects and the most common exhibition format was temporary exhibitions. The majority of menstrual items have been acquired in the years 1951-2021. Whether menstrual taboos have affected the existence of cultural heritage concerning menstruation in Swedish museums is difficult to ascertain based on this study. On the other hand, taboos may have affected the type of objects in museums' collections, as most of the material consists of menstrual protection, the task of which is to control the flow of menstruation, which may reflect society's relationship to menstruation, which often consists of feelings of shame about the subject.
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Thomas, Erika Marie. "The Rhetoric of the Modern American Menstrual Taboo." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1217008593.

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Neubauer, Flávio Marcelo. "A menstruação e a inserção de marcas no corpo pela cultura." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18411.

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Sob um modelo transdisciplinar, com ênfase em estudos sobre o corpo, a cultura e as representações sociais", trazem a debate o fenômeno menstrual. Este estará sob análise desde a sua concepção fisiológica, o tabu acerca do tema, doenças modernas e implicações sociais, assim como o círculo, que se fecha, das afecções do fenômeno biológico sobre o fenômeno cultural e vice-versa. ABSTRACT; Under a transdisciplinary model, with emphasis on studies over "body, culture and social representations", we bring “menstruation” to debate. This approach will review the physiological conception, the taboo on the subject, modem diseases and social implications, as well as the closing circle over the implications of the biological phenomenon over the cultural one and vice-versa.
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Yagnik, Arpan Shailesh. "Knowledge (K), Attitude (A), and Practice (P) of Women and Men about Menstruation and Menstrual Practices in Ahmedabad, India: Implications for Health Communication Campaigns and Interventions." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1430829910.

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Ekström, Ellen. "PMS PMDS Faser & uttryck : En informativ och konstnärlig booklet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för design (DE), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-52875.

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Ett grafiskt designprojekt, en booklet med fokus på PMS och PMDS. Innehållet i bookleten är objektivt och subjektivt i form av information samt visualiseringar. Personer med PMS eller PMDS har kommit till uttryck genom sina berättelser och självporträtt.<br>A graphic design project, a booklet that focuses on PMS and PMDD. The content of the booklet is objective and subjective with information and visualizations. Persons with PMS or PMDD has manifested through their stories and self-portraits.
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Lymn, Jessie. "'The ideal menstruating girl' : normalisation and the menstrual taboo /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arl986.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Menstruation Taboo Menstruation"

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The curse: Confronting the last unmentionable taboo: menstruation. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1999.

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Winterer, Georg. Menstruation als Tabu: Eine theoretisch-empirische Untersuchung über das Verhältnis des Mannes zur menstruierenden Frau. R. Asanger, 1992.

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Voss, Jutta. Das Schwarzmond-Tabu: Die kulturelle Bedeutung des weiblichen Zyklus. Kreuz Verlag, 1994.

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The Curse: Confronting the Last Unmentionable Taboo: Menstruation. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2000.

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Houppert, Karen. The Curse: Confronting the Last Unmentionable Taboo, Menstruation. Farrar Straus Giroux, 1999.

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It's only blood : shattering the taboo of menstruation. Zed, 2018.

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Menstruation and Procreation in Early Modern France: Blood and Taboo. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Menstruation Taboo Menstruation"

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McHugh, Maureen C. "Menstrual Shame: Exploring the Role of ‘Menstrual Moaning’." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_32.

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Abstract McHugh introduces the term ‘menstrual moaning,’ to refer to women’s negative communication about menstruation. Women’s talk about menstruation is often negative through its focus on pain, discomfort, and moodiness. McHugh ties menstrual moaning to the stigma associated with menstruation. Cultural attitudes that require girls and women to maintain secrecy and silence regarding menstruation contribute to the experience of menstrual shame. Breaking the taboos against menstrual talk may be a form of resistance. Brown argues that breaking the silence and secrecy taboo may help women to develop shame resilience. However, McHugh suggests that menstrual moaning, by reiterating negative cultural constructions of women’s bodies as flawed, deficient, and diseased, may have a deleterious impact on women’s menstrual attitudes, and perpetuate menstrual shame. Women could develop shame resistance and build community through more positive talk about menstruation, but positive menstrual conversations are rarely documented. McHugh recommends further research and activism on menstrual shame, resistance, and resilience.
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Gottlieb, Alma. "Menstrual Taboos: Moving Beyond the Curse." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_14.

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Abstract Why do so many communities surround menstruation with taboos? And, are all menstrual taboos created equal? Gottlieb opens this chapter with an anthropological approach to the nature of “taboo” itself. From there, the chapter explores the wide variety of ways that the Hebrew Bible in particular, as well as several other religious traditions, have shaped menstrual taboos (including, but going well beyond, the notion of a “curse”). Such taboos have operated in diverse ways and diverse places, hence this chapter also explores how both individual and whole communities may experience them differently, including offering less negative interpretations. As such, the chapter introduces readers to a striking diversity of menstrual experiences. Moreover, people and communities in both the Global North and the Global South increasingly challenge taboos with creative activism. The chapter concludes with a brief survey of what has become a menstrual movement.
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Perianes, Milena Bacalja. "Transnational Engagements: Smashing the Last Taboo—Caring Corporations in Conversation." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_61.

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Abstract Bacalja Perianes delves into the relationship between capitalism and social change by focusing on how three companies balance profit-making with forging a menstrual health sector that promotes education, advocacy, gender equality, and women’s health. In the push to acquire new customers, companies wade into complex issues surrounding menstrual health needs in countries around the world. In light of efforts by social enterprises, start-ups, and large corporations to capitalize on the market and social opportunity of women’s bodies, Perianes asks the provocative question: Is this a good or bad trend? Does reframing consumption and consumer choice as activism actually undermine the effort needed to achieve gender equality? Or are we witnessing the rise of a new form of activism that works to achieve social change and improve the lives of women, girls, and their communities by means of business innovation?
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Nyanzi, Stella. "Personal Narrative: Bloody Precarious Activism in Uganda." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_42.

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Abstract In her essay, Stella Nyanzi describes and analyzes her dissident activism against the president’s unfulfilled promise of providing sanitary pads to schoolgirls in resource-poor communities in Uganda. Named #Pads4GirlsUg, the campaign enabled local and global citizens to contribute toward the distribution of menstrual products and provide critical menstrual health education. Stella Nyanzi powerfully examines the strategies she used for popularizing the campaign, mobilizing citizen participation, and smashing the silence and taboo around menstruation. Above all, she dissects the countertactics employed by the government to discredit and criminalize the campaign. Stella Nyanzi demonstrates that menstruation and women’s bodies are political and politicized—to the extent that her activism and criticism has led to her imprisonment.
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Wood, Jill M. "(In)Visible Bleeding: The Menstrual Concealment Imperative." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_25.

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Abstract Wood offers a new conceptual framework, “the menstrual concealment imperative”, to explain how women’s internalization of menstrual discourse contributes to their disembodiment and self-objectification through menstrual “management”. This chapter critiques the medical system and menstrual hygiene industry for the (bio)medicalization of menstruation that establishes women as diseased and as unable to know their bodies. Wood suggests that women’s vigilance about menstrual concealment is not freely chosen, but a required self-disciplinary practice rooted in menstrual discourse that characterizes menstruation as stigmatized, taboo, and therefore shrouded in secrecy. The concealment imperative is a form of social control and a body project that keeps women disembodied and objectified. As a conceptual tool it has implications to understand the various ways that women’s bodies are regulated both at individual and social levels.
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Patkar, Archana. "Policy and Practice Pathways to Addressing Menstrual Stigma and Discrimination." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_38.

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Abstract Patkar traces the efforts in various countries to break the silence and stigma surrounding menstruation and to develop national policies on menstrual hygiene. She argues that changes in social norms, institutions, and behaviors linked to taboo topics are best facilitated by simple, evidence-based policies anchored in voice and participation. She asserts that men are willing and essential agents of change for gender equality when presented with pragmatic problems and implementable solutions. Basic noncontroversial and essential services and infrastructure, such as taps and toilets, serve as powerful entry points to articulating, exploring, and addressing wider gender and exclusion issues. Drawing on her experiences working with governments in Africa and Asia and reflecting on her journey over the past decades, Patkar outlines a methodology and pathway to transform the silence around menstruation into policy and action.
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Aidara, Rockaya, and Mbarou Gassama Mbaye. "Practice Note: Menstrual Hygiene Management—Breaking Taboos and Supporting Policy Change in West and Central Africa." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_40.

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Abstract This chapter shares the policies and practices enacted as a result of a pilot program in menstrual hygiene management undertaken from 2014 to 2018 in West and Central Africa. Aidara and Gassame Mbaye describe a culture of silence and taboo around menstruation. The pilot program, implemented by the UN Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC) and UN Women, sought to address women’s and girls’ needs, specifically in the WASH sector. In reviewing results from the program, Aidara and Gassama Mbaye show that operational research in and with communities is key to inform public policies. The authors especially focus on the policy dialogue and sensitization efforts undertaken to promote gender equality in the WASH sector.
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Bobier, Lacey. "The Sexualization of Menstruation: On Rape, Tampons, and ‘Prostitutes’." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_24.

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Abstract This study contradicts extant research asserting that girls rarely connect menstruation with sexuality. Through interviews with post-menarcheal girls, Bobier demonstrates that they relate sexuality with menses, fluidly transitioning between subjects of menstruation and sex. Girls talk about tampons and Trojans in the same breath, discuss “waiting until you’re ready” to describe tampon usage, express a fear of “down there,” and consider “provocative girls” as their opposites. They associate birth control pills with “prostitutes” and express broad apprehension about sexual activity. These attitudes, coupled with their rejection of the pill and tampons, reveal girls’ sensitivity to the taboo surrounding female sexuality and demonstrate their desire to be “good girls.” At the same time, they are aware that they exist within a set of gender and power relations that limit their ability to define their bodies and their sexuality. This is underscored by concerns about rape and resulting pregnancy as an implication of menarche.
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Punzi, Maria Carmen, and Mirjam Werner. "Challenging the Menstruation Taboo One Sale at a Time: The Role of Social Entrepreneurs in the Period Revolution." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_60.

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Abstract Punzi and Werner offer an incisive analysis of the role of social entrepreneurs in the so-called ‘period revolution.’ The authors explore not only the market strategies and social media messaging of social enterprises, but also how other activists in the menstrual equity movement question or support their work. Building on interviews with 35 social entrepreneurs, communication with current and former Femcare employees, and participant observation of menstrual activists, this study provides a 360-degree view of the surprising number of social entrepreneurs who have entered the menstrual products space, their efforts to innovate and disrupt the industry, and the opportunities and potential pitfalls they face.
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Erbele-Küster, Dorothea. "Archaeological and Textual Evidence for Menstruation as Gendered Taboo in the Second Temple Period?" In Gender and Social Norms in Ancient Israel, Early Judaism and Early Christianity: Texts and Material Culture. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/9783666552670.169.

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