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Academic literature on the topic 'Mensuração contábil'
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Journal articles on the topic "Mensuração contábil"
Graça, Phillemon Telêmaco da, Marta Cristina Pelucio Grecco, and George Andre Willrich Sales. "Reconhecimento contábil nas operações em florestas nativas: o Caso Agrocortex." Revista de Contabilidade e Organizações 13 (December 19, 2019): e162327. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1982-6486.rco.2019.162327.
Full textMartucheli, Camila Teresa, and Antônio Dias Pereira Filho. "Os princípios subjacentes às IFRS e as bases de mensuração dos elementos integrantes das demonstrações financeiras." REVISTA AMBIENTE CONTÁBIL - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - ISSN 2176-9036 13, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21680/2176-9036.2021v13n1id19699.
Full textCardoso, Ricardo Lopes, and Natan Szuster. "Comunicações uma contribuição ao aprimoramento da informação contábil, no tocante à mensuração do resultado contábil da produtora cinematográfica." Revista Contabilidade & Finanças 14, no. 32 (August 2003): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-70772003000200008.
Full textCavalheiro, Rafael Todescato, Régio Marcio Toesca Gimenes, and Erlaine Binotto. "As Escolhas Contábeis na Mensuração de Ativos Biológicos estão Associadas ao Perfil do Profissional Contábil?" Sociedade, Contabilidade e Gestão 14, no. 3 (August 12, 2019): 43–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21446/scg_ufrj.v0i0.22029.
Full textCosta, Wemerson Pinheiro da, Deyvison De Lima Oliveira, Robinson Francino da Costa, and Ronie Peterson Silvestre. "SISTEMA DE PRODUÇÃO HIDROPÔNICO: PROPOSTA DE FLUXO CONTÁBIL DE ACORDO COM O CPC 29." REVISTA AMBIENTE CONTÁBIL - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - ISSN 2176-9036 10, no. 1 (January 9, 2018): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.21680/2176-9036.2018v10n1id12329.
Full textPires, Charline Barbosa, Daniel Cerqueira Ribeiro, Jorge Katsumi Niyama, and José Matias-Pereira. "HERITAGE ASSETS: PROCEDIMENTOS PARA O RECONHECIMENTO E A MENSURAÇÃO ADOTADOS PELOS MUSEUS." RACE - Revista de Administração, Contabilidade e Economia 14, no. 2 (August 12, 2015): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.18593/race.v14i2.6789.
Full textMartins, Eliseu. "Avaliação de empresas: da mensuração contábil à econômica." Caderno de Estudos, no. 24 (December 2000): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-92512000000200002.
Full textCorreia, Rogério Dias, and Fábio Moraes da Costa. "A SISTEMATIZAÇÃO DAS NORMAS CONTÁBEIS NO ORDENAMENTO JURÍDICO BRASILEIRO." Revista de Contabilidade e Organizações 10, no. 27 (August 29, 2016): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/rco.v10i27.110553.
Full textMartins, Orleans Siva, Antônio Maria Henri Beyle de Araújo, and Jorge Katsumi Niyama. "UMA DISCUSSÃO CONCEITUAL E CONTEMPORÂNEA SOBRE A TEORIA DA MENSURAÇÃO E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A CONTABILIDADE." Administração: Ensino e Pesquisa 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2011): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.13058/raep.2011.v12n3.164.
Full textSouza, Marcos Antonio de, Elisandra Collaziol, and Cláudio Damacena. "Mensuração e registro dos custos da qualidade: uma investigação das práticas e da percepção empresarial." RAM. Revista de Administração Mackenzie 11, no. 4 (August 2010): 66–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-69712010000400004.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Mensuração contábil"
Souza, Enio Bonafé Mendonça de. "Mensuração e evidenciação contábil do risco financeiro de derivativos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-05032015-182918/.
Full textThe great advantage of accounting as a science of financial control are the techniques that guarantee the integrity of the information presented, primarily through the identity debit / credit. This thesis shows a new form to recognize and record derivatives while preserving accounting principles and providing a much more clear and precise estimate of the financial risks involved in the balance sheet items. An Accounting Decomposition is made over derivative transactions by spreading up each one of them into an asset and a liability; the difference being the fair value result of the transaction. Subsequently, a new Risks Decomposition opens up assets and liabilities in their primitive risk factors, highlighting the risk exposures by each type. Finally, a global reaggregation of all decompositions performed by risk factors generates the SFR-Statement of Financial Risks, showing synthetically the exposures to all risks involved in the transactions carried in the balance sheet. It is presented how the SFR shows effectiveness of hedges applied on the balance sheet more clearly, either, for internal management and for external user purposes. Also, it turns evident the amount of exposure to each market risk factor. The greatest advantage of this procedure is to obtain the risk exposures of derivatives automatically and straightly reconciled with accounting records.
Souza, Valdiva Rossato de. "Mensuração contábil dos créditos de carbono no Brasil, China e Índia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-16062015-105131/.
Full textThis research aimed to identify the incidence of economic impacts on equity of Brazilian, Chinese and Indian companies caused by the measurement and recognition at fair value of the assets from Certified Emission Reductions (CER) generated in their production processes, with the implementation of Clean Development Mechanisms (CDM) projects from 2005 to 2012. It was considered the incentives offered to the guidelines of the Kyoto Protocol and the representativeness of CDM projects implementation of China, India and Brazil, to present, based on descriptive, analytical and quantitative research, a proposal for accounting measurement of CER, able to enhance the future flows of its economic benefits, based on the Ratnatunga, Jones and Balachandran (2011) model. Therefore, it worked with the hypothesis that the CER are not measured at fair value as assets, a fact that has made impossible the disclosure of balance sheet effects of future cash flows. It was described the theory of accounting measurement as support at fair value. It was discussed existing accounting standards in those countries and the main characteristics that involve the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in each of them, focusing on accounting measurement at fair value, accepted by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). The international accounting guidelines issued for accounting of CER were presented to analyze the current scenario of development of the accounting treatment attributable to the asset. Thus, it was found that the measurement of CERs has been little discussed. It was suggested that with the realization of the registration of CDM projects with the Executive Council of the United Nations Framework Conference on Climate Change (UNFCCC), CER start to be recognized at fair value as intangible assets developed internally by the host entities of CDM projects, in contrast to Equity, until the moment of its realization. The basis for measuring fair value proposition was the values of active markets. Depending on the time gap that will generate economic benefits, a financial projection on potential constants estimated quantities of Expected Reductions (ER) for the whole period of development of project activities was carried out, using a Euribor rate to discount their future values to the present. With these variables, the fair values of ER from 31 Brazilian CDM projects, 379 Chinese and 318 Indians were simulated on the value of equity of 15 Brazilian companies, 56 Chinese and 183 Indian components of the survey sample, with test support statistical non-parametric Wilcoxon. The survey results provided evidence that the fair value measurement of CER, and its recognition as an intangible asset, could have represented a positive impact on the group balance sheet accounts of the participating research companies. Thereby, the empirical applicability of the fair value measurement of CER grounded in existing theoretical discussions, made it possible to carry out assessments of this asset as a heritage item capable of generating positive economic effects on equity of entities located in developing countries, during the first stage of the Kyoto Protocol.
Cella, Gilson. "Importância relativa dos patrimônios físico e intangível na formação do valor econômico da empresa." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2017. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/24022.
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O presente estudo teve por objetivo de analisar quantitativamente a relação dos Patrimônios Intangível e Físico com o Valor Econômico da Empresa. O Patrimônio Físico é desdobrado em dois componentes, a saber: (i) Patrimônio Líquido Contábil; e, (ii) Erros de Mensuração, que representam a diferença entre as mensurações econômica e contábil. A fundamentação teórica teve por base as ideias do modelo de gestão econômica (GECON), documentado por Lustosa (2009), onde o Patrimônio Físico da empresa é formado pelo valor econômico de todas as decisões já implementadas, enquanto que o Patrimônio Intangível é o valor econômico das ideias e planos ainda não implementados. A amostra foi extraída da base de dados Economática®, em 44 períodos trimestrais de 2005 a 2015. A análise se deu por dados em painel para as 291 empresas que compunham o índice IBOVESPA da BM&FBOVESPA em setembro de 2016. Foram avaliadas todas as empresas que apresentassem valor de mercado diferente de zero no período considerado, buscando estudar a parte deste valor não expressa nos valores contábeis registrados nas demonstrações financeiras. O tratamento dos dados fez uso de instrumentos de análise descritiva, correlação e regressão por dados em painel. Identificou-se uma relação positiva dos patrimônios físico e intangível na formação do valor econômico da empresa, corroborando com a primeira hipótese da pesquisa ao confirmar as expectativas de que o mercado precifica positivamente o patrimônio físico, e que o patrimônio físico pode ser considerado mais importante do que o patrimônio intangível, na média, quando se considera o conjunto das empresas listadas na Bovespa. A segunda hipótese de pesquisa apresentou que os erros de mensuração do patrimônio físico são mais importantes que os patrimônios contábil e intangível, na média, para o conjunto das empresas listadas na BM&FBOVESPA, que pode ser explicado pela grande volatilidade do patrimônio intangível entre as empresas e no período amostral considerado, enfatizando a necessidade de continuidade dos estudos, para identificar outras proxies do patrimônio intangível e para os erros de mensuração do patrimônio físico.
The purpose of this study was to quantitatively analyze the relationship between Intangible and Physical Assets with the Company's Economic Value. The Physical Assets is divided into two components, namely: (i) Equity; and, (ii) Measurement errors, which represent the difference between economic and accounting measurements. The theoretical foundation was based on the ideas of the economic management model (GECON), documented by Lustosa (2009), where the company's Physical Patrimony is formed by the economic value of all decisions already implemented, while Intangible Assets is the economic value of ideas and plans not yet implemented. The database was obtained from Economática® database in 44 quarterly periods from 2005 to 2015. The analysis was based on data panel for the 291 companies that made up the IBOVESPA index of BM & FBOVESPA in September 2016, since all companies were monitored during the period of the survey. All companies with a non-zero market value in the period considered were evaluated, seeking to study the part of this value not expressed in the book values recorded in the financial statements. The data treatment made use of instruments of descriptive analysis, correlation and regression by panel data. It was concluded that there is a positive relation between the physical and intangible assets in the formation of the economic value of the company, corroborating with the first hypothesis of the research confirming the expectations that the market positively prices the physical assets and this can be considered more important than intangible assets, on average, when considering all the companies listed on the Bovespa. The second hypothesis of research showed that the measurement errors of the physical assets are more important than the book value and intangible assets for all the companies listed on the BOVESPA, which can be explained by the great volatility of the intangible assets between the companies and In the sample period considered, emphasizing the need for continuity of studies, to identify another proxies to intangible assets and measurement errors of physical assets.
Gallo, Mauro Fernando. "A relevância da abordagem contábil na mensuração da carga tributária das empresas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-14052008-112837/.
Full textThe interest in the companies\'effective tax burden as well as its measurement is more and more greater, mainly due to the fact the international mobility of capital and labor has been growing, as a result of the globalization constant progress. This study aims at verifying if there are significant disagreements between the tax approach and the accounting approach when it comes to the measurement of the effective average tax burden. The research question examined is - are there any significant disagreements between the tax approach (macro-data) and the accounting approach (micro-data) in the measurement of the effective average tax burden? The bibliographical research comprised papers and studies on national / foreign technical and scientific publications. The method employed in order to perform the study was the hypothetical-deductive one. Relating to the underlying theories for the study were used the tax incidence theory and the economic theory, with regard to the public finance and the accounting theory was used with regard to the measurement principles of revenues and expenses, assets and liabilities to formulate the proposed models - accounting measurement of the company\'s effective average tax burden based on DVA (Added-Value Demonstration) and DRE (Income Statement). A studied population of companies was taken from the \"Melhores & Maiores\" magazine database, published by Abril. These companies presented DVA, from 2001 to 2005. The methodology employed included bibliographical, documental and empirical research with descriptive statistics and statistical tests application for verifying if the hypothesis would be confirmed or not. To get this, starting from the total sample, it was necessary the data treatment, eliminating the companies that presentd net added value or distribuition to the government of taxes with values smaller or equal zero, and also the companies did not inform separately the taxes incident on the sales. The findings showed that the tax burden measured on the basis of the DVA - the accounting model most similar to the government one - is significantly different from the measurement on the government model. The comparison between the measurement based on the accounting mode, consideringl the micro-data from the DVA and the DRE ones, also shows that they are significantly different during all the years of the period in analysis. In addition to that, when comparing the tax burden by economic classes - commerce, industry and services, we can say that relating to the commerce and industry, they are not significantly different, but both commerce, and industry, are significantly different with respect to services, all years in relation to the DRE, but only in some years concerning the DVA. The research presents limitations that do not invalidate it, as the set of companies that constitute the sample does not represent the universe of the set of companies in Brazil; beside this, relanting to the financial demonstrations presented it is possible they do not have uniformity in the acceptance of the accounting patterns. Thus, it is not possible to say that the conclusions of this study may be extended to the whole set of Brazilian companies, but doubtlessly this does not mean that the accounting models proposed here can not be used by the companies and by the government units responsible for the tax politics in Brazil. The importance of this research lies in the demonstrating that the accounting practices may be used as a relevant tool in the understanding of the effects of the tax system on the various economic agents, thus contributing to discussions that target the improvement of the business and public management regarding tax burden.
NECO, Luis Antonio do Nascimento. "Mensuração de bens culturais musealizados: uma proposição de estimação do valor justo das obras de Cícero Dias incorporadas ao acervo do Museu do Estado de Pernambuco." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2013. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/11084.
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CAPES
A contabilidade aplicada ao setor público passa por um estágio de transformação, com vistas a convergi-las aos padrões internacionais propostos pelo International Public Sector Accounting Standards Boards (IPSASB). Essa mudança se reflete de forma crítica no tratamento proposto para o reconhecimento, mensuração e evidenciação do patrimônio público, particularmente no que diz respeito aos bens culturais obtidos a título gratuito. As recomendações encontradas nos normativos aplicados ao setor público propõem a utilização do valor justo para a mensuração de bens incorporados aos ativos sob essas condições. Dessa forma, usando como caso exemplificativo as obras de Cícero Dias incorporadas ao acervo do Museu do Estado de Pernambuco (MEPE) a título gratuito, esse estudo intenta apresentar uma proposta de mensuração a valor justo desses bens musealizados. Para atingir o objetivo propostos, o estudo realizou pesquisa bibliográfica e documental sobre o tema e colheu dados qualitativos e quantitativos sobre as negociações ocorridas em leilões com obras de Cícero Dias, completando o material de investigação com informações sobre as características qualitativas do acervo do MEPE que delimitaram o objeto a ser investigado às técnicas óleo sobre tela, aquarelas e litografias. Do material coletado, foram extraídas as informações consideradas como suficientes para a mensuração pelo método comparativo direto de mercado. Porém, como as informações faziam referência a obras assemelhadas, mas não iguais, a recomendação é que se faça a mensuração pelo valor justo ao nível dois, que permite tratamento dos dados numérico coletados. Dessa forma, considerando as características qualitativas e quantitativas encontradas nos dados coletados, este estudo optou pela utilização da regressão linear múltipla, com a utilização de variáveis dummy, objetivando encontrar um modelo explicativo que fosse melhor que a média. Os resultados sugerem que o modelo de regressão encontrado não viola os pressupostos de linearidade, independência e normalidade de erros e igualdade de variância ou homocedasticidade. Satisfeitas essas condições para validação, o modelo foi utilizado para mensuração das obras de Cícero Dias, constantes do acervo do MEPE, como um caso exemplificativo. Os valores estimados se apresentam como uma sugestão de mensuração para essa categoria de bens, mas a pesquisa reconhece que, em razão da natureza dos dados coletados, esse modelo não se propõe a extrapolações, pelo que se recomenda o aprofundamento de estudos sobre o tema.
Almeida, André Porfírio de. "Valoração de ícones artísticos do museu do Senado Federal do Brasil : uma análise da relação entre valor econômico e cultural." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2016. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/22723.
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Pela Teoria da Mensuração (TM), as propriedades intrínsecas de um ativo devem ser levadas em consideração para mensurar e apresentar seu valor econômico. Com o advento do processo de convergência às normas internacionais de contabilidade do setor público, os heritage assets tornaram-se um grande desafio aos profissionais contábeis, uma vez que deparam-se com lacunas quanto à forma de avaliação, mensuração e escolha das propriedades mensuráveis de tais ativos. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo consiste em mensurar o valor econômico médio estimado das obras de arte do museu do Senado Federal do Brasil, bem como averiguar se as propriedades ou dimensões do valor cultural impactam a determinação daquele valor. A elaboração do trabalho contribui com pesquisas na área de heritage assets, bem como discorre sobre formas de mensuração contábil, principalmente, de ativos que não possuem mercados específicos e definidos para sua negociação. O estudo utilizou o Método de Valoração Contingente (MVC) - Disposição a Pagar (DAP) - e a técnica Valor Destinado (VD) para auferir os valores econômicos de cada heritage asset. Para a valoração cultural foram utilizados os conceitos de Throsby e Zednik (2014) sobre as dimensões intrínsecas de cada bem, sendo elas: valor estético, social, simbólico, educacional, espiritual e político. Pela sua importância histórica e política para o Brasil, três heritage assets deram suporte ao trabalho: o quadro "Assinatura da Primeira Constituição Republicana", a escultura "Pensador" e o vitral "O Lago e os Peixes", sendo as obras de arte pertencentes ao Museu Histórico do Senado Federal – MUSEN. Foram utilizados seis modelos de regressão linear múltipla, seis correlações de Tau de Kendall e a estatística descritiva para atender aos objetivos da pesquisa. Foram aplicados 509 questionários válidos aos visitantes do MUSEN, no período de julho de 2016. Enquanto que pela DAP os valores econômicos médios apurados do quadro, da escultura e do vitral foram de 5,1 milhões, de 1,55 milhões e de 3,01 milhões de reais, os valores econômicos médios auferidos pelo VD foram de 231,17 milhões, de 3,1 milhões e de 1,41 milhões de reais, respectivamente. O estudo revelou que as variáveis renda, qualidade técnica, frequência de visitação, valor estético, social, simbólico, educacional, espiritual e político demonstraram ser atributos ou características que influenciam o processo de mensuração de tais heritage assets, servindo de base para tomada de decisão de gestores públicos sobre o que se deve levar em consideração no ato de uma valoração econômica de bens de cunho cultural.
By the Measurement Theory (MT), the intrinsic properties of an asset must be taken in consideration to measure and present its economic value. Along the advent of the convergence process to the international accounting rules of the public sector, the heritage assets become a great challenge to the accounting professionals, once they face gaps related to the ways on evaluation, measurement and choice of measurable properties of such assets. Therefore, the aiming of this study consists in measuring the estimated average economic value of art pieces of the Brazilian Federal Senate museum, as well as investigate if the properties or cultural values dimensions affected the determination of that value. The elaboration of this work contributes to the research in the heritage assets field, as well as it discourses about ways of accounting measurement, mainly, among assets that do not have a specific and defined markets for its negotiation. The study used the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) Willingness To Pay (WTP) and the Destined Value (DV) technique to measure the economic values of each heritage asset. To the cultural valuation, it was adopted the concepts from Throsby and Zednik (2014) about the intrinsic dimensions of each good, being them: aesthetic, social, symbolic, educational, spiritual and political value. For its historical and political relevance to Brazil, three heritage assets supported this study: the painting “Assinatura da Primeira Constituição Republicana”, the sculpture “Pensador” and the stained glass “O Lago e os Peixes”. There were used six multiple linear regression models, six Kendall’s Tau correlations and the descriptive statistics to serve the goals of this study. It was applied 509 valid questionnaires to the MUSEN´s visitors, during the month of July 2016th. While by the WTP the average economic values counted for the painting, the sculpture and the stained glass were 5,1 millions, 1,55 millions and 3,01 millions reals, the average economic values counted by DV were 231,17 millions, 3,1 millions and 1,41 millions reals, respectively. The study revealed that the income variables, technical quality, visitation frequency, aesthetic, social, symbolic, educational, spiritual and political values showed to be attributes or characteristics that has influence on the measurement process of these heritage assets, being the base to the decision making in the public management about what must be take into consideration in the act of an economic valuation of goods with cultural character.
Mendes, Paulo César de Melo. "Auditoria de valor justo em instituições financeiras : a percepção dos auditores na mensuração dos instrumentos financeiros." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2014. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/16294.
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A mudança do critério de avaliação contábil é um assunto que vem sendo discutido há quase quarenta anos no FASB. Defensores do Fair Value Accounting acreditam que essa é a melhor representação da posição financeira por fornecer maior transparência e relevância das informações. Os opositores apontam maior complexidade e falta de confiabilidade em um processo subjetivo, o que facilitaria a ocorrência de fraudes. O tema Fair Value Accounting é controverso, tanto para os contadores como para os auditores. Em uma pesquisa pelo PCAOB (2012), os auditores independentes estariam passando por deficiências crescentes em relação ao Fair Value Measurement, especificamente aos instrumentos financeiros. Identificadas as deficiências, busca-se saber: Qual a percepção dos auditores frente aos desafios e dificuldades existentes sobre o fair value measurement dos instrumentos financeiros complexos? O objetivo geral da pesquisa é analisar a percepção dos auditores em relação à mensuração do valor justo dos instrumentos financeiros complexos nível 3 em instituições financeiras nos aspectos de relevância e avaliação do risco de auditoria. Foi aplicado um questionário onde foi obtido uma amostra de 62 respondentes na pesquisa entre sócios, gerentes e auditores seniores. A maioria encontra-se na faixa etária de 26 a 35 anos de idade, com 80% com graduação completa. A subjetividade foi uma característica implícita no processo onde os auditores se mantiveram conservadores em relação às questões. A maioria concordou com fraquezas de controle interno, implantação de controles mais eficazes nos instrumentos financeiros, dificuldade na implantação de inputs não observáveis e uma dificuldade nas projeções das demonstrações financeira devido às condições futuras ou eventos cujo resultado é incerto. Sob a questão de classificação e hierarquia do Fair Value os auditores identificaram como relevante. Sobre os maiores riscos, foi apontada a questão da abordagem pro ativa, análise do comportamento futuro de preços e taxas, seguida da alavancagem financeira. Nesse processo quanto à avaliação, foram identificadas divergências de valores que resultaram em questões imateriais. Como sugestão de melhoria nos processos de auditoria, foi identificada uma formação acadêmica mais robusta e a inclusão de um especialista em finanças. As opiniões se divergem quanto aos sócios e gerentes em escalas, onde os sócios apontaram maior concordância com as questões que os gerentes. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
The discussion about the change in the accounting valuation is an issue that has been discussed for almost forty years in the FASB. Proponents of Fair Value Accounting believe this is the best representation of the financial position to provide greater transparency and relevance of information. Opponents point to greater complexity and unreliability a subjective process, which would facilitate the fraud. Fair Value Accounting the topic is controversial, both as counters for auditors. In a survey by the PCAOB (2012), the independent auditors would be going through growing deficiencies regarding the Fair Value Measurement, specifically to financial instruments. Identified the deficiencies we seek to know: What is the perception of the auditors to the challenges and difficulties over the fair value measurement of complex financial instruments? The overall research goal is to analyze the perceptions of auditors regarding measurement of fair value of complex financial instruments in level 3 financial institutions on aspects of relevance and evaluation of audit risk. A questionnaire which was obtained a sample of 62 respondents in the survey among members, senior managers and auditors was applied. The majority are aged 26-35 years old, with 80 % complete with graduation. Subjectivity has been an implicit feature of the process where auditors have remained conservative on the issues. Most agreed with weaknesses in internal control, implement more effective controls on financial instruments, difficulty in deploying unobservable inputs and a difficulty in projections of financial statements due to future conditions or events whose outcome is uncertain. In the matter of classification and fair value hierarchy auditors have identified as relevant. Under the highest risk, was identified the issue of proactive approach, analysis of the future behavior of prices and rates, followed by financial leverage. This process as the assessment was identified differences in values that resulted in immaterial matters. As a suggestion for improving the audit process, we identified a more robust academic training and the inclusion of a financial expert. Opinions differ on whether the partners and managers at scales where the partners showed greater concordance with the issues that managers.
Junior, Edgard Nogueira. "Lucros cessantes: análise das medidas de mensuração contábil utilizadas pelo Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-24062013-133526/.
Full textThis study aims at verifying whether there is consonance between the measures used for the measurement of the damages for lost profits issued by the Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo (TJSP) and those referenced in the Accounting literature applicable to the subject. Furthermore, we sought to identify TJSP\'s understanding of the measures applicable to such measurement calculations applicable to these findings. The study treats the interruption of the activities or of the business itself in a very specific manner, when the injured party is a legal entity. The content of 104 judgments issued by TJSP was analyzed from June 2012 to September 2012. The decisions were analyzed in light of the technique for content analysis and by means of descriptive statistics, basically relative and cumulative frequency analyses. Data analysis revealed that: (i) there is a connection between measures informed in the judgments issued by TJSP and the literature applicable to the subject, and (ii) the extent of this connection, regarding the concordance with the applicable literature, is partial, corresponding to 52.2% of the phrases identified in the analyzed sample. It was also found that 80.4% of the phrases used by TJSP to refer to the measures of the lost profits are represented by five (5) different idioms, which in turn, do not have the same meaning in accounting. Another aspect observed was the use of the term \'turnover\' as a reference to measure of profits applicable to the findings. Besides the fact that this term is not referenced in the literature as a valid measure, we identified STJ\'s decision to invalidate its use in claims for such damages. It could also be seen that, as part of other findings, TJSP\'s judgments use idioms that represent different criteria to measure lost profits. The main idiom corresponds to the term \'reasonable\', whose interpretation in order to operationalize the findings is subjective. The conclusion is that the use of accounting terms which do not have consonance with the literature to the subject may compromise the findings of the value of the damage and the effectiveness of the legal decision. In this context, there is not guarantee as to whether the value found faithfully describes the judge\'s intent in the judgment or that it matches the damage suffered by the injured party.
Santos, Lourival Nery dos. "O problema da mensuração de ativos na contabilidade." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/4753.
Full textDiscute o processo de mensuração de ativos na Contabilidade, enfocando os principais métodos que têm sido sugeridos e faz uma sistematização das contribuições mais importantes sobre o assunto, dentro de uma abordagem teórica.
Accounting places emphasis on the quantification of economic relationships and economic changes in terms of a monetary unit. The quantification of assets in terms of a monetary unit is the valuation process, although other measurements, such as physical units, may be relevant in specific circumstances. The valuation of assets is the process of measuring financial attributes (past, present, or future) of assets or aggregations of assets. Since some for of valuation is always necessary in the accounting process, the objectives of valuation are in part the same as the objectives of accounting. The debate over the proper method of valuing assets is not new to the accounting literature, but it has become increasingly intense in recent years. Although several attempts have been made, no one of the methods suggested attend fulIy to alI the needs of users of information of accounting. Thus, using a theoretical approach, this text has the purpose of discussing the objectives of measurement in accounting, the methods used, and other alternative methods, beyond of the advantages, disadvantages and restriction of each method.
Cunha, Jacqueline Veneroso Alves da. "Demonstração contábil do valor adicionado - DVA : um instrumento de mensuração da distribuição da riqueza das empresas para os funcionários." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-04072006-110008/.
Full textMaking available to its users information about the relations between companies and society is one of the great challenges for Accounting as an information vehicle. The Social Balance Sheet in general and the Statement of Value Added SVA as one of its complements appear as the instruments capable of demonstrating the economic as well as social aspects, thus innovating on what had been focused until then, which turns them into the richest statements for verifying these relations. Nevertheless, in spite of their informative power, none of them has been used as expected. Demystifying what is said about them, actually, the use of the Social Balance Sheet and the SVA does not correspond to what is desired, neither in Brazil nor abroad. Thus, a research was realized in 198 companies that were taken from FIPECAFIs Melhores e Maiores database for the Magazine Exame. This survey aimed to evaluate the verifying power of the SVA with respect to information about companies wealth formation and its distribution to those economic agents that helped to create it, such as proprietors, partners and shareholders, government, external financiers, employees and the company itself. Through the information provided in the SVA, a specific attempt was made to evaluate the existing relation between the variation in created wealth and employees remuneration. During this study, some observations could be made, such as: between 1996 and 2000 which is the period under analysis the average amount of employees in the companies that made up the sample fell in the industrial as well as service areas, which demonstrated the highest negative variation in value added distributed to the employees; in one and the same year, the companies considered as the largest wealth generators were no part of the list of those companies that most distributed value added to employees; in some companies, sectors or activity fields, the relation between wealth evolution and distributed value added per employee turned out negative, which demonstrates that, while one of the variables increased, the other revealed exactly the opposite behavior. At the end of the study, it could be affirmed that the indicators taken from the SVA make up an excellent means of evaluating wealth distribution, which is available to accounting, although without any intent to substitute or even compete with other, already existing wealth indicators.