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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mental Health and the Law'
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Gordon, Robert Macaire. "Mental disorders, law, and state : a sociological analysis of the periods of reform in Canadian mental health law." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28791.
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A survey and analysis of Canadian statutes and cases affecting the management of the mentally disordered demonstrates that this area of law has experienced several periods of reform since 1900. In the early 1900's, legislation was characterized by 'limited legalism'. Governments subsequently eased, removed, and then re-imposed forms of judicial and quasi-judicial supervision over the activities of medical practitioners, and the periods of reform are referred to as 'medicalization', 'enhanced medicalization', and the 'new legalism'.
The law reforms are associated with changes in state strategies for the management of the mentally disordered, and the relationship between these reforms and changes, the state, structural conditions (e.g., shifts in economic policy), and human agency (e.g., the work of reformers) is explored through an analysis of the emergence of 'enhanced medicalization' in the 1950's/60's, and the rise of the 'new legalism' in the 1970's/80's. This includes a detailed case study of shifts in strategy and the process of law reform in the province of British Columbia. This component of the research involved an analysis of documentary and archival materials, and the structuralist theoretical trajectory within the neo-Marxist sociology of state and law is utilized to explain the changes.
Enhanced medicalization was an integral part of a strategy involving de-institutionalization, an abandonment of segregated confinement, and the use of community-based resources integrated with the health care component of a Keynesian, 'welfare state'. Institutions were seriously over-crowded, ineffective, expensive, and discredited, and the emergence of social assistance and other features of the welfare state enabled the development of alternatives. The conditions were favourable to the efforts of a group of reformers that was an auxiliary part of the state apparatus; namely, the Canadian Mental Health Association. The latter constructed a strategy and supporting legislation which advanced the interests of psychiatry and resolved the state's order maintenance and legitimation problems in a manner consistent with welfare state expansion.
Economic difficulties and changes which began to emerge in the 1970's created new problems for the state, and cost-stabilization and restraint measures were imposed throughout the politically sensitive health care field. The strategy for the management of the mentally disordered consequently shifted to, in particular, accelerated de-institutionalization aimed at hospital closure. In order to facilitate and legitimate the shift, the state has adopted reforms proposed by the patients' rights movement and, despite the objections of organized psychiatry, introduced legislation which limits the use of hospitals and erodes medical domination (i.e., the new legalism).
The contributions to the sociologies of social control, state and law are discussed and the convergence of these fields is identified. The implications for the neo-Marxist theoretical research programme are examined.Arts, Faculty of
Anthropology, Department of
Graduate
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D'Antonio, Pamela L. "Deinstitutionalization and its implications on mental health emergency services in Berks County." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1993. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1993.Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2937. Abstract precedes thesis title page as [2] preliminary leaves. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 59-61).
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Johnson, Samantha F. "Investigating Barriers to Mental Health Care in Law Enforcement Officers." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3154.
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The profession of law enforcement is an inherently stressful job. Although the physical stress of the job is often discussed, the mental health impact on officers is often ignored, resulting in poor mental health and increased risk for suicide. The purpose of the current study was to investigate factors related to the reluctance of law enforcement officers (LEOs) to seeking treatment, as well as to gain an understanding of the prevalence rates of disorders in a law enforcement population. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants (N = 306) across a variety of agencies. Correlation, moderated regression analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used in order to model barriers to care among officers. Findings suggest that the presence of psychological disorders was not predictive of willingness to seek treatment. However, perceived stigma did predict lower willingness to seek treatment. General conclusions suggest that increasing unit cohesion and unit support may make a positive impact in decreasing stigma and increasing officers’ willingness to seek treatment.
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Arroyo, Tiffany L. "Laura's law| A policy analysis." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1586845.
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The purpose of this project was to analyze Assembly Bill 1421, known as Laura's Law, from a social work perspective of recovery-oriented care. Gil's framework was used to assess primary and secondary data from journal articles, government publications, and law reviews. A review of the literature was conducted to understand the historical background of coercive mental health treatment. Coercive treatment has been a pervasive problem generated from public fear and misconceptions about the association between mental illness and danger. Laura's Law was established as a result of the murder of 19 year-old Laura Wilcox by an individual with serious mental illness. The law's primary stated objective was to provide preventative mental health services to those identified as most in need before tragedy struck. Significant shortcomings were discovered within the analysis and alternatives to this policy are suggested as well as the implications for social work policy and practice.
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Wicks, Veronica. "THE IMPACT OF INCARCERATION AND SOCIETAL REINTEGRATION ON MENTAL HEALTH." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/508.
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The purpose of this study was to examine ex-offender’s beliefs on the impact of incarceration and societal reintegration on mental health. The study is a qualitative design using interviews that were audio recorded and transcribed for analysis. The study sought to address the relationship between perceptions of mental health and experiences of incarceration and reintegration among formerly incarcerated individuals. The following themes emerged from participant responses: incarceration challenges, mental health stigma, and rehabilitation service accessibility. The findings of this study may contribute to social work practice by providing awareness to the factors impacting ex-offenders’ mental health and interventions needed. The significant importance the findings provide may influence social work advocacy for the services supporting rehabilitative reintegration and may reduce the rate of rearrested offenders, providing overall better mental health resources and services to this population.
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Abbott, Simon Nicholas. "Using the law in social work Approved Mental Health Professional practice." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/77773/.
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The research study focuses on how social work Approved Mental Health Professionals (AMHPs) use the law in practice. AMHPs in England and Wales have statutory powers under the Mental Health Act 1983 (MHA) to detain people in hospital for assessment and/or treatment. The stakes in this area of law and social work are high: practitioners deal with important issues concerning individual liberty that have profound implications in relation to the power of the state to intervene in the lives of citizens, where notions of autonomy, protection, coercion and care sit in tension. The study explores the relationship between law and social work practice by interpreting meanings contained in case stories told by social work AMHPs about recent Mental Health Act assessments that they undertook. Eleven social work AMHPs, purposively selected from three different local authorities in England, participated in the study, which used qualitative in-depth interviews to collect data about using the law in circumstances where compulsory admission to hospital was a possibility. The use of case stories encouraged participants to provide a rich description of events as they unfolded over time. The data were analysed using Framework analysis (Ritchie and Spencer 1994). Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis in the form of NVIVO was utilized to manage the data, and to support data analysis. Five themes are presented in the findings chapter: understanding the referral situation; understanding the individual; understanding the situation causing concern; community versus containment, and relationships and resources. The study contributes to knowledge by illuminating how the use of law in practice is an inherently socio-relational undertaking, involving embodied practice. Bourdieu's (1977) concept of habitus is used to make sense of participants' accounts of the action that unfolds when they use the law. A further contribution is made to knowledge on legal literacy in social work, where there is little empirical research focusing on how social workers use the law, and still less on how mental health social workers use the law to consider compulsory powers under mental health legislation. The organisational factors impacting on how participants relate to the law are outlined and discussed drawing on legal consciousness theory (Ewick and Sibley 1998; Sibley 2005), together with an account of how participants adapt to this, drawing on street level bureaucracy (Lipsky 1990). The thesis explores the distinction in practice between medical and social perspectives occupied by AMHPs when they use the law in circumstances where compulsory admission to psychiatric hospital is a possibility. The study findings suggest that AMHPs' perspectives are holistic and social and can be understood as occupying a socio-medical-juridical perspective. The most important factor in the decision to use compulsory powers in mental health law to detain a person involves the AMHP taking a wide perspective in terms of their understanding of the individual that is relational to the understanding of others, and understanding the person in their environment in relation to how they relate to others. The thesis outlines that the social and family situation of the person assessed, combined with views of others, and particularly the impact of risk on others, is the most influential factor in the decision to detain. This leads to the further argument that notwithstanding a holistic and social perspective, this does not necessarily lead to less coercive interventions. Medical and social perspectives thus often lead to the same conclusions in relation to decisions to use the law to detain.
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Kelly, Brendan Desmond. "Human rights protection for the mentally ill through mental health law in England and Ireland." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/27948.
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This thesis aims to analyse the influence of human rights concerns on recent revisions of mental health legislation in England (Mental Health Act 2007) and Ireland (Mental Health Act 2001), and the extent to which human rights concerns assist in promoting human rights through mental health law. This thesis demonstrates that human rights standards, as reflected in the European Convention on Human Rights and publications of the United Nations and World Health Organisation (WHO), played a critical role in shaping revisions of mental health law in England (where public safety was also influential) and Ireland (where human rights concerns dominated single-handedly). Mental health legislation in England meets 92 (55.4%) of the 166 relevant human rights standards outlined by the WHO; mental health legislation in Ireland meets 81 (48.8%). Areas of high compliance include definitions of mental disorder, involuntary admission procedures and clarity regarding offences. Areas of medium compliance relate to capacity and consent (with a particular deficit regarding capacity legislation in Ireland), review procedures (which exclude long-term voluntary patients and lack robust complaint procedures), and rules governing special treatments. Areas of low compliance relate to economic and social rights, voluntary patients (especially non-protesting, incapacitated patients), vulnerable groups and emergency treatment. Overall, mental health legislation provides substantial protection for some rights (e.g. liberty) but not others (e.g. economic and social rights). Additional protection is provided by mental health policy, social policy or other areas of law (e.g. human rights law). Future research could usefully focus on the outcome of mental health legislation in the lives of the mentally ill; the relevance of the “third wave” of human rights, acknowledging the broad range of legal, health-care and social-care actors affecting the mentally ill; and values underpinning increased trans-national influences on national mental health law and policy (Council of Europe, European Union, WHO).
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Burke, Jessica Renee. "Examining Police Officer Satisfaction with Mental Health Resources." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7536.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the overall satisfaction officers experience with the mental health resources provided by their department. The research aimed to determine whether or not age had an impact on satisfaction levels of police officers. The results from this research would provide information for law enforcement agencies to use in evaluating their own mental health services. Archival survey data from the National Police Suicide Foundation (n = 48) was used for this study to examine the research question: how does age impact an officer's satisfaction in mental health resources. A linear regression was used to analyze the data. In the current study, age did not appear to be a predictor of officer satisfaction in mental health resources. The implications for social change are that awareness is raised by law enforcement agencies to evaluate their own programs to ensure their officers are receiving adequate mental health care.
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Favreau, Marie-Diane Lucie. "The pre-shrinking of psychiatry : sociological insights on the psychiatric consumer/survivor movement (1970-1992) /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9935449.
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Klepper, Josie. "Examining the Relationship between Physical and Sexual Abuse and Mental Illnesses Among Female Inmates: Revising the Mental Health Care Process in Prisons." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/341.
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Females are becoming a prominent population within America’s correctional facilities, which has led to incarcerated females increasingly becoming the popular subjects of more recent research. Along with the growing population of female inmates, the rates of sexual and physical victimization reported by incarcerated females is rapidly growing. The purpose of this project is to evaluate the pre-established correlation between mental health diagnoses, and the prior physical and/or sexual abuse of female inmates within the custody of correctional institutions, outline the current treatment process, and devise a revision of the treatment process in order to improve the future of mental health care for incarcerated females. First, a brief description of the increasing female inmate population, their significant mental health care needs, and the lack of effective mental health care they are actually receiving, followed by the issues that this poses to rehabilitation and the community will be provided. Second, an examination of the commonality of childhood physical and/or sexual abuse among the female offenders that have been diagnosed with mental illnesses will be conducted. Next, a discussion of the most common mental health diagnoses of incarcerated women, what they are said to be caused by, and how they are being treated behind bars will be directed. Finally, a conclusion covering the established relationship between physical and sexual abuse and adult mental illnesses, the issues that the lack of adequate mental health care for incarcerated females poses, and what can be done to change and improve the future will be presented.
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Christensen, Elizabeth Helene 1950. "A handbook for mental health counselors in Arizona on ethics and law." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277867.
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The purpose of this study was the production of a handbook on ethics and law for mental health counselors in Arizona. The handbook is the summation of information from: professional literature, state statutes, professional codes of ethics, state agencies, a survey of Arizona counselors, evaluations by practicing counselors and graduate students in counseling, and personal interviews. A survey of Arizona Counselors Association members was conducted by a mailed questionnaire. The purpose of the questionnaire was to identify and assess typical counseling practices and to determine the perceived usefulness of the proposed handbook. Results of the survey indicate that respondent counselors' typical practices do not vary substantially from one Arizona metropolitan area to the next and that almost all of them would find the handbook useful. Some of the evaluators' suggestions for modifications of the proposed handbook have been incorporated in the version which is Appendix A to this thesis.
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McGill, Jeffrey M. "Millennial Generation Law Enforcement Academy Recruits and Their Perception of Mental Health." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cahss_jhs_etd/15.
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The traumatic and cumulative stresses associated with a law enforcement career are well documented both empirically and anecdotally. While previous generations have acknowledged and coped with these stressors with varying levels of success, research shows that the millennial generation has reported more mental health issues than any generation in history. Since suicide is the single leading cause of death for United States law enforcement officers in recent years, addressing mental health should be a priority of all agencies. The introduction of millennial generation law enforcement officers creates the potential for increased mental health needs within the field. 25 millennial-aged Florida law enforcement academy recruits were interviewed in an effort to develop an understanding of their perception of mental health and suicide within the law enforcement career field. Developing an understanding of the perceptions of mental health and suicide from the perspective of millennial generation recruit officers offers insight into this birth cohort. This insight can begin to identify practices and procedures that have the potential to reduce the stigma associated with mental health and ultimately reduce the number of officer suicides. This study identifies training and policy needs which can be adopted by law enforcement agencies to mitigate mental health concerns. Additionally, this study offers suggestion for future research which may change police culture and its perceptions on mental health and suicide.
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Funn, Nashira. "Law Enforcement Officer Knowledge of Mental Illness." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4057.
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Media and activist groups have recently exposed the problem of negative interactions between law enforcement officers and civilians. Many of these civilians have a mental illness. Various researchers attribute these negative interactions to insufficient officer knowledge of mental illness due to a lack of training, education, and personal experiences. Very little research addresses how insufficient knowledge of mental illness may influence interactions. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore and analyze self reported law enforcement knowledge using Malcolm Knowles' conceptualization of adult learning theory and andragogy as the theoretical framework. This framework bases self-directed learning/training on a needs assessment of the individual's knowledge. The main research question was: 'What factors related to officer knowledge of mental illness impact interactions between law enforcement and people with mental illness?' Data were collected through recorded and then transcribed in-depth interviews with 8 law enforcement officers with experience interacting with mentally ill people. Using aspects of modified Van Kaam method of data analysis, word recognition computer programing identified repetitive words and phrases from the data. This resulted in significant common themes, namely: the need for more effective formal training on mental illness and the influence of personal lived experiences in the interaction with people with mental illness. The implications for social change are positive for officers and people with mental illness, as this study will inform the development of more effective officer training models about mental health, which will reduce the number of negative interactions.
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Ambrosini, Lamberto. "Psychiatric advance directives, autonomy, and choice: an interdisciplinary perspective from law, ethics, and medicine." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104483.
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Individuals with mental illness have a legal and ethical right to complete advance treatment planning documents in Canada. Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) are one type of legal document used in parts of the United States that enable individuals to declare their treatment preferences in the event of future mental incapacity. This dissertation consists of seven chapters that critically examine the relationship between PADs and autonomy from the perspective of Canadian mental health law. Chapter 1 argues that the operational elements of autonomy as it relates to PADs need further research. Chapter 2 argues that the self-binding nature of Ulysses contracts, where individuals make their wishes irrevocable, could be permissible under certain situations. Chapter 3 is a mixed method study involving 65 individuals with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or depression that examines preferences for instructional or proxy directives and the relationship to autonomy, empowerment, and recovery. The qualitative study in chapter 4 explores among 12 individuals with mental illness how factors such as trust and the strength of one's social contacts are relevant in choosing a substitute decision-maker. Chapter 5 is a comparative investigation into the legislative approaches surrounding advance treatment planning and finds there is substantial variation across Canadian jurisdictions. The relevance of mental capacity legislation (chapter 6) and civil commitment (chapter 7) are discussed in relation to advance treatment planning. For individuals with mental illness to be more involved in the process of advance treatment planning there needs to be legislative reform towards promoting autonomy, empowerment, and choice.Au Canada, les personnes atteintes de maladie mentale ont le droit éthique et juridique de compléter des documents de planification de traitements anticipés. Une directive psychiatrique anticipée (DPA) est l'un des types de document juridique utilisé dans certaines régions des États-Unis qui permettent aux individus de spécifier leurs préférences de traitement advenant une incapacité mentale future. Cette thèse, constituée de sept chapitres, pose un regard critique quant au rapport entre les DPA et l'autonomie dans le contexte des lois canadiennes sur la santé mentale. Le premier chapitre argumente que l'opérationnalisation du construit de l'autonomie en lien avec les DPA nécessite plus de recherche. Le chapitre 2 argumente que l'état obligatoire des contrats d'Ulysse qui rendent les vœux des individus irrévocables devrait être permissible dans certaines circonstances. Le chapitre 3 décrit une recherche utilisant un devis de méthodologie mixte auprès de 65 individus atteints de trouble bipolaire, de schizophrénie ou de dépression. L'étude se penche sur les préférences des individus quant aux directives par instruction ou par procuration et leur relation à l'autonomie, l'autodétermination et le rétablissement. L'étude qualitative au chapitre 4 explore auprès de 12 individus atteints de maladie mentale comment des facteurs tels que la confiance et la qualité du réseau social sont pertinents dans le choix d'un décideur substitut. Le chapitre 5 présente une analyse comparative des approches législatives appuyant la planification des traitements anticipés et souligne la variabilité importante parmi les juridictions canadiennes. La pertinence de la législation qui touche à la capacité mentale (chapitre 6) et les ordonnances de traitement (chapitre 7) sont discutés en rapport avec la planification des traitements anticipés. Des réformes législatives qui favorisent l'autonomie, l'autodétermination et la primauté de choix sont souhaitables afin de permettre aux personnes atteintes de maladie mentale de s'impliquer davantage dans le processus de planification des traitements anticipés.
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Marier, April M., and Alex Alfredo Reyes. "Incarceration and Reintegration: How It Impacts Mental Health." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/26.
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ABSTRACT
Background: Previous criminal justice policies have been non-effective leading to overpopulated prisons and unsuccessful reintegration. There is a lack of effective supportive and/or rehabilitative services resulting in high rates of recidivism and mental health implications. Objective: This study investigated the perceived impact that incarceration and reintegration with little to no supportive and/or rehabilitative services has on the mental health status of an individual. The emphasis was on participant perception and not on professional reports because of underreporting and lack of attention to mental health in the criminal justice system. Methods: Focus groups in the Inland Empire and Coachella Valley were held to gather preliminary data used to develop the survey for this study. The survey was distributed to 88 male and female ex-offenders over the age of 18 who were no longer on probation or parole. Secondary data from United Way 211 and California State Reentry Initiative was collected to report current trends of supportive and/or rehabilitative services. Results: Incarceration was found to negatively impact perceived mental health status, but reintegration was not. Supportive and/or rehabilitative services continue to be rarely offered and accessed, but when accessed, perceived mental health status is better. Supportive and/or rehabilitative services are more readily available. People who are using these services are improving their quality of life, becoming productive members of society, and preventing recidivism. Conclusions: A paradigm shift is currently under way to reduce recidivism by improving supportive and/or rehabilitative services during incarceration and reintegration. Many offenders are receiving services as an alternative to incarceration, recidivism rates are being reduced, and ex-offenders are becoming productive members of society. The field of social work is an integral part of reentry services and should continue advocating for policies and services that support reintegration efforts at the micro and macro level.
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Locas, Lorraine. "Problèmes soulevés par le VIHSIDA en santé mentale au Québéc et en Ontario." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61181.
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HIV attacks the health of infected persons. Some of them will develop psychiatric illnesses.The first chapter examines two of the many possible consequences on mental health. First, an increased incidence of suicide on the part of infected persons and second, the influence of HIV/AIDS on their decisions concerning treatment, in particular when they are terminally ill.
Some mentally ill persons with HIV/AIDS will be involuntarily hospitalized. The second chapter compares the mental health law of Quebec and Ontario governing involuntary hospitalization.
The third chapter examines consent to or refusal of treatment by mentally ill persons with HIV/AIDS in particular with respect to their competence. It explores the law governing substitute decision-making for incompetent persons.
The last chapter considers what protections of the rights of mentally ill people with HIV/AIDS are provided under Quebec and Ontario human rights codes and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
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Thibault, Kathleen. "Smoke and mirrors : reflections of policy and practice for those with a mental illness and who are in conflict with the law." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84095.
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This study examined the use of language in the development and implementation of mental health policy. It focused on the current discourse of mental health reform in Ontario as it related to individuals with a mental illness and who are in conflict with the law. Using a qualitative design, informed by critical inquiry and a postmodern perspective, the researcher explored administrative perceptions of the accomplishments and challenges faced at different levels of the mental health and criminal justices systems in Ontario. The participants' understandings of the provincial mental health reform policy, Making it Happen, and the extent they felt that their organizations and related policies were able to create positive change in the lives of service users were also examined. While the language of mental health policy encompasses an empowerment, community integration approach to providing services, findings indicated that a biomedical-model, public safety discourse appear to inform both policy and practice. A number of questions and apparent inconsistencies in the manner in which the mental health and criminal justice systems deal with the needs of this population were also identified. This thesis concludes with recommendations for future research.
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Nuttall, L. D. "Personality disorder : no longer a diagnosis of exclusion? : law, policy and practice in Scotland." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/17417.
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Personality disorder has been and continues to be a contested diagnosis. Those who attract this form of diagnosis have been particularly vulnerable to the effects of stigma and have tended to be excluded from service provision. This thesis provides an examination of how recent developments in law, policy and practice have impacted upon the status of personality disorder as a diagnosis of exclusion in Scotland. The theoretical framework that provides this thesis with its structure is derived from the post-empiricist approach proposed by Derek Layder. This approach seeks to contextualise emergent inductive findings within a broader historical and contemporary analysis. In the case of this research the broader context consists of the interplay between mental health law, policy and practice in the field of mental health and the diagnosis of personality disorder more specifically. The empirical enquiry at the core of this thesis is based upon an analysis of the views, beliefs and expectations of front-line staff (psychiatrists and social workers qualified as mental health officers) involved in the process of assessment and service provision. In addition to front-line staff (n = 27) a range of key informants who were in a position to shed light on the strategic imperatives underpinning recent developments in law and policy were also interviewed. This analysis is contextualised within a review of key developments in law and policy that have particular significance for anyone who may attract a diagnosis of personality disorder. Despite the ostensibly inclusive approach towards those who may attract a diagnosis of personality disorder evident within the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003, the reality is a highly selective and very limited inclusion of those who attract this form of diagnosis. The effective inclusion of those who may attract a diagnosis of personality disorder has been obstructed by several key impediments: 1: an insufficiently robust policy framework to drive forward the process of inclusion; 2: residual ambivalence towards the legitimacy of the diagnosis of personality disorder itself and the legitimacy of the claims made upon services by those who may attract a diagnosis of personality disorder; 3: insufficient and inadequately focused resources; 4: service structures that have not been redesigned sufficiently to engage successfully with service users who may attract a diagnosis of personality disorder. As a consequence of these impediments to inclusion, the majority of those who may attract a diagnosis of personality disorder in Scotland are likely to continue to face high levels of marginalisation and exclusion.
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Iacovelli, Gianpiero. "The Ideology of Mental Illness in Ghana : A Discourse Analysis of Mental Health Laws (1972-2012)." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Afrikanska studier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28168.
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In 2012, Ghanaian government promulgated a new mental health law aimed at setting up a community-based health care system in order to solve several problems that are affecting mental health facilities and people with mental disorders. The new law was also thought to overcome the limitations of the previous law, which was promulgated in 1972. This study provides an analysis of the mental health laws promulgated by the government of Ghana from 1972 to 2012. Through the methodological tools offered by Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), the aim of the thesis is to trace the ideological background of mental health laws and its changes over time. The analysis is particularly focused on themes such as the issue of public safety, the construction of the “mentally ill subject” and the conceptualisation of mental illness in the legal texts.
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Gavin, Paul. "The lived experiences of Irish prisoners in England and Wales in the context of their mental health." Thesis, Kingston University, 2017. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/41908/.
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This thesis is a qualitative study into the lived experiences of Irish prisoners in England and Wales in the context of their mental health. It is the first such study to examine the mental health of Irish prisoners in this jurisdiction and it is hoped that it may pave the way for future research to be conducted in this area. This study utilises an indicative approach and can be considered as a postmodernist examination of mental health in the prison setting. In order to examine this topic a series of semi-structured interviews were conducted with 37 Irish ex-prisoners who had served a sentence in England and Wales. Thematic analysis of data was undertaken. Theoretical and data led themes include: identifying mental health needs, the availability of healthcare services, depression, isolation and paranoia in prison, self-harm and suicide in prison, addiction, education, family contact, accommodation and being Irish in prison. This research addresses a gap in the prison literature by providing a sociological and criminological assessment of Irish prisonersm as well as investigating aspects of mental ill-health amongst this group of prisoners in England and Wales. previous research has identified foreign nationals as a vulnerable group within the prison system and there has been an increasing amount of research undertaken on the subject of foreign national prisoners in recent years. However, there has been very little research undertaken on the various sub-categories of foreign national prisoners and this includes Irish prisoners. This thesis considers the position of foreign national prisoners, Irish prisoners, and Irish Travellers in prison in England and Wales. It demonstrates that Irish prisoners in England and Wales appear to share a similar mental health experience to that of the general prisoner population. It also demonstrates that Irish Travellers suffer a wide range of difficulties in prison on a daily basis, including racism and discrimination, mental health problems and difficulties relating to poor levels of literacy.
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Bino, Maria-Antonella. "Hospitalisation forcée et droits du malade mental : etude de droit international et de droit comparé /." Genève : Schulthess, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014937138&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Poloka, Patricia L. "Law Enforcement Leader Decision-Making and Resource Allocation for Veterans in Crisis| Case Study." Thesis, University of Phoenix, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10978119.
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Encounters between civilian law enforcement (CLE) and combat veterans may end in incarceration. Police Chiefs should consider this when allocating resources. The Sequential Intercept Model (SIM) is a conceptual framework designed to provide a guide to Police Chiefs for decision-making particularly for the benefit of combat veteran encounters. The qualitative method with case study research design utilized for this study was intended to examine the decision-making processes of law enforcement leaders regarding resource allocation. The University of Phoenix Library was the primary source for research of scholarly work. The target audience for the research was 26% of the Police Chiefs in police agencies with 25 members or less in Beaver County, Western Pennsylvania. The perception of Police Chiefs was examined in individual telephone interviews. The data collected during interviews were analyzed for trends in perception and decision-making processes. Data included interviews, training records and budgetary documents. The results are intended as a resource for police leaders for decision-making processes and for the benefit of public safety, officer safety and the individual combat veterans. Field notes and transcribed interviews were downloaded into NVivo software for analysis and emerging themes. Four emerging themes were: Need for decision-making processes, more funding is needed for training, training for police related to combat veteran encounters may help with jail diversion for combat veterans, and organizational efficiency through maintaining training records of police officers is necessary. Without changes based on emerging themes, a reduction in the veteran incarceration rate may not occur.
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Cumley, Samantha Renee. "Drug use, mental health and encounters with the legal system in Missoula County." CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2007. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05112007-130625/.
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Lake, Rosalind. "Discrimination against people with mental health problems in the workplace : a comparative analysis." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005712.
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For a long time the rights of disabled persons have been ignored worldwide. A major obstacle faced by disabled persons is discrimination in the workplace. Due to the development of a social approach to disability and the efforts of the Disability Rights Movement, legislation has been passed throughout the world to improve this dire situation. The thesis considers the efficacy of some of these statutes. It is concluded that stigma and negative stereotypes remain a constant hurdle in overcoming discrimination. The forthcoming UN Disability Convention is demonstrative of the recognition of the importance of the needs and rights of disabled people. The convention proposes some innovative measures to overcome stigma and stereotyping. Mental health problems constitute one of the leading causes of disability. The thesis explores how people with mental health problems fit within the concept of people with disabilities and whether they are included in anti-discrimination legislation and affirmative action measures. Special attention is given to statutory definitions of disability, the different forms of discrimination and the concept of reasonable accommodation. A comparative approach is taken to analyse how South Africa's disability law measures up against that of Britain and Australia in terms of its substantive provisions and enforcement thereof. In considering the South African position American and Canadian jurisprudence is consulted in order to aid in interpretation. It is concluded that although South Africa has a comparatively good legislative framework, it is held back by an overly restrictive and medically focused definition of disability. As a result many individuals with mental health difficulties, desirous of obtaining and retaining employment may be excluded from protection against discrimination in the workplace. It is argued that it will be necessary either to amend the Employment Equity Act or for the courts to adhere strictly to the concept of substantive equality in order to ensure that the rights and dignity of people with mental health difficulties are adequately protected.
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Pritchard-Jones, Laura Gwynne. "Making health and welfare decisions in old age : challenging the adequacy of mental disability law and theory." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/making-health-and-welfare-decisions-in-old-age-challenging-the-adequacy-of-mental-disability-law-and-theory(f3f29f67-6454-4013-8d6e-e5a783ca97fd).html.
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Old age – and particularly the increasing numbers of older people globally and within the United Kingdom - is becoming a social and political phenomenon. Yet despite this, very little has been written on how the law – and especially mental disability law – intersects with old age. This is notwithstanding the fact that many older people may encounter conditions that impact their mental or cognitive abilities, and proportionally, may therefore be greatly affected by this area of law. By drawing on a number of theories – sometimes termed ‘relational’ theories – which are derived predominantly from feminist theory, this thesis seeks to explore the adequacy of mental disability law for safeguarding health and welfare-related decision-making of older adults in three areas; where an older person has been subjected to ageism, where they have been the victim of interpersonal abuse, and where they have dementia and may lack mental capacity. Within this broader goal, this thesis has two specific aims. First, to explicitly critique and challenge the adequacy of the law as it is applied in these circumstances. It is suggested in particular that a deeper analysis of the law in both its previous and current forms betrays the liberal and unduly individualistic roots of the legislative framework. These are roots that are predicated on non-interference, and an idealistic paradigm of the rational, autonomous, and healthy bodied individual. This – it is contended throughout – is an unsuitable philosophy to underpin the law, particularly where the law engages with older adults. Second, this thesis aims to navigate a more suitable pathway within the law as it currently exists. While operating as a tool to critique the legislative framework and its underpinning philosophy, it is argued that the theories drawn upon throughout the thesis also have the potential to highlight how the law could be implemented in such a way so as to emphasise the importance of the realities of the lived experiences of old age, and particularly the experience of ageism, abuse, and dementia. Crucially, it is also suggested that such theories can help the law pay greater attention to the complex web of relationships – both positive and negative; personal and societal – that an older person may find themselves embedded within, and that frequently take on an added significance in old age.
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NeeSmith, David Hagan. "Committed and voluntary psychiatric patients a longitudinal comparison of commitment patterns among first-time inpatients in the Oklahoma mental health system /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1993. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9403630.
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Salmons, Ilona. "Best Practices for Managing Burnout in Attorneys." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10606092.
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Attorneys in the United States suffer from higher-than-average rates of depression, substance abuse, and suicidal ideation. Although these facts are widely accepted, at the time of the study, there was no consensus in the legal or research communities as to the cause of these alarming statistics. The combination of behavioral and psychological distress experienced by attorneys may suggest that burnout is a contributing factor. This study examined the relationship between workplace stressors and professional burnout. The literature review summarized recent and landmark studies in the field, as well as explored characteristics unique to the legal profession that were putting attorneys at risk. In an effort to understand the best practices that reduced instances of burnout in practicing attorneys, the phenomenological study asked participants about their experiences as an attorney, as well as the practices they employed to mitigate professional stress. The research findings supported the literature review and resulted in important implications for law firms, bar associations, law schools, and practitioners.
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Bidwell, Joshua. "The Next Step for the Justice Reinvestment Initiative: Making Mental Health a Priority." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20491.
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The criminal justice system in the United States was not created to treat mentally ill people. Despite this fact, the number of seriously mentally ill people in prisons and jails now exceeds the number in state psychiatric hospitals by tenfold.
At the same time, the epidemic of mass incarceration in the United States has become one of the most pressing economic and social problems our country has faced in the last three decades.
One novel approach to reducing prison populations and lowering costs to taxpayers has been justice reinvestment. However, for justice reinvestment to meet its ultimate goal of reducing incarceration rates, saving tax payer dollars, and creating safer communities, the JRI must begin to focus more attention and resources on how to better address the unique needs of the mentally ill in the criminal justice system.
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Bettosini, Nicholas, and Conrad Paul Akins-Johnson. "SOCIAL WORK STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS ABOUT MENTAL HEALTH COURTS." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/740.
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Mental Health Courts (MHCs) are a diversion program for mentally ill offenders in lieu of incarceration. The Substance Abuse and Mental Services Administration (SAMHSA) developed these specialized court programs in the 1990’s to assist mentally ill offenders in overcoming barriers to treatment. While new laws have begun to change the way mentally ill offenders are viewed from a law enforcement standpoint, social workers’ attitudes and beliefs about these programs have not been studied. This quantitative study’s purpose was to examine Master of Social Work (MSW) Graduate students’ attitudes and beliefs of mentally ill offenders and MHCs. Social work student participants completed an online questionnaire developed by the researchers using Qualtrics software. We analyzed the data using descriptive and inferential statistics, including a t-test. Our hypothesis that attitudes and beliefs of social work students varied based on the student’s year in the MSW program was not supported by the data. These findings suggest that students’ attitudes and beliefs about MHCs remain consistent throughout their graduate social work training. Although, our findings do not generalize to all social work students or to social workers in the field, these findings suggest students’ exposure to this topic during their MSW program may be limited and may warrant further investigation. We discuss these findings and their implications for social work curriculum and practice.
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Spamers, Marozane. "A critical analysis of South African mental health law : a selection of human rights and criminal justice issues." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60097.
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This thesis is concerned with determining whether South African mental health law and its application in practice is in need of reform. In order to reach its objectives, the thesis measures mental health legislation and criminal law that affect the mentally ill individual or offender against international and local human rights standards, and generally accepted principles and scientific principles applicable in the mental health profession. Particular focus is placed on the admission of a mentally ill person as a voluntary, assisted or involuntary mental health care user, State Patient or mentally disordered prisoner in terms of the Mental Health Care Act 17 of 2002 (?MHCA?), as well a critical review of the MHCA forms used to translate the Act?s provisions into practice. The thesis critically discusses the regulation of mental health care practitioners in terms of the Health Professions Act 56 of 1974, including psychology and psychiatry and the expert witness, and the new Traditional Health Practitioners Act 22 of 2007 and its regulations. An outline of the role of the National Health Act 61 of 2003 in the administration of the health system is provided.The thesis analyses the manners in which mental health affects criminal liability, and Chapter 13 of the Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977. Finally a desktop study into the current state of mental health care provision and the implementation of legislation in practice is conducted, followed by conclusions and recommendations for reform to legislation, policy, and the MHCA forms where anomalies have been identified.Thesis (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Public Law
LLD
Unrestricted
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Sitole, Sizakele Elias. "A comparative analysis of mental illness as a defence in criminal law." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/843.
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This dissertation deals with the comparative analysis of mental illness as a defence in criminal law. The mental illness / insanity defence is deemed applicable when the accused does not have mens rea or lacks criminal responsibility or is afflicted by the inability to appreciate the wrongfulness of his act and act accordingly, at the time of the commission of the offence due to a pathological disturbance of the mental faculties. A review of the law in South Africa, English Law and United States of America law was done with regard to their approach in connection with the matter. The legal systems of South Africa, English Law and the United States of America were compared and analyzed because English Law and United States of America are developed countries and I decided to compare their approach to insanity defence with reference to South Africa, which is a developing country. Similarities were drawn between South Africa and English Law and this could be attributed to the fact that South African law emanated from English law. This is an important research topic on comparative analysis of mental illness as a defence in criminal law. The law applicable today in South Africa in respect of the defence of mental illness is combined in the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977, which replaced the criteria as set out in the M’Naghten rules and the irresistible impulse test. In all the three countries law that were compared the burden of proof has always been on the accused to prove his case on a balance of probabilities but in South Africa the position now is he who alleges must prove because of the legislative amendments. United States of America law allows for the forcible medication with drugs of the mentally ill defendants who are charged with crimes so that they can be fit to stand trial. This is the only country in the ones that were analyzed, which practices such a barbaric and inhuman acts. In the USA , the defendant has the burden of proving the defence of insanity by clear and convincing evidence, and the finding in not guilty by reason of insanity, English law, South African law has the same finding in insanity cases. The most common diagnosis used in support of a defence of insanity continues to be schizophrenia in South Africa and in English law system. In the English law system, the Home Secretary has the power to order defendant to be detained in a hospital on the basis of reports from at least two medical practitioners that the defendant is suffering from mental illness, if the minister is of the opinion that it is in the public interest to do so. In South Africa, the accused will be detained in a psychiatric hospital or a prison pending the decision of a judge in chambers. The detention of those found not guilty by reason of insanity could be challenged under the Human Rights Act in English law because the legal definition of insanity is far wider than the medical concept of mental disorder. The Drs under English Law have to use the legal, not the medical understanding of the mental disorder. The placing of a burden of proof on the defendant may be challengeable under European Convention of Human Rights as contrary to the presumption of innocence that is protected under convention. Finally this is a controversial subject on mental illness but the position in South Africa has been clear for a long time, and I did not come across any deficiencies in our law. I submit that South African law position on mental illness is good.
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Fausset, Cara Bailey. "Comprehension of health risk probabilities: the roles of age, numeracy, format, and mental representation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44832.
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Probabilities, an essential dimension of risk communication, can be presented in various formats including frequencies (e.g., 1 in 10), percentages (e.g., 10%), or verbal phrases (e.g., unlikely); the literature is mixed concerning which format best supports comprehension. Additionally, it is not well understood how people who vary in their level of numeracy understand those probabilities. The goal of the present three-phase within-participant study was to understand how the factors of format and numeracy influence comprehension and mental representations of probabilities for younger and older adults. Overall, the results of this research clearly indicated that comprehension and mental representation of health risk probabilities are influenced by format, age, and numeracy. To best support comprehension and comparison of health risk probabilities for younger adults and healthy older adults with varying numeracy, percent format should be used.
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Hayne, Shelby. "An Analysis and Critique of Mental Health Treatment in American State Prisons and Proposal for Improved Care." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1256.
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Mental health treatment in state prisons is revealed to be highly variable, under-funded, and systematically inadequate. Existing literature exposes this injustice but fails to provide a comprehensive proposal for reform. This paper attempts to fill that gap, outlining a cost-effective, evidence-based treatment proposal, directly addressing the deficits in care revealed through analysis of our current system. In addition, this paper provides historical overviews of the prison system and mental health treatment, utilizing theoretical perspectives to contextualize this proposal in the present state of affairs. Lastly, the evidence is provided to emphasize the potential economic and social benefits of improving mental health treatment in state prisons. Significant findings suggest a clear financial, legal, and moral incentive for states to address this issue, while the proposal provides a viable method of doing so.
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Dailami, Mina. "Hegemonic Masculinity and Misconceptions of Gender and Mental Health in Violent Criminality." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1399986369.
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Zauhar, Sean Russel-Jacque. "Effects of Police-Mental Health Collaborative Services on Calls, Arrests, and Emergency Hospitalizations." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7265.
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With the increasing amount of police calls involving persons experiencing a mental health crisis (PICs), agencies are looking for ways to reduce the overuse of emergency services and criminal confinement. Police-mental health collaborative (PMHC) programs were developed to utilize the expertise of both mental health and law enforcement practitioners to provide immediate linkage to psychiatric services in an effort to prevent unnecessary involvement in the criminal justice system. The theoretical framework for this study was built on the sequential intercept model (SIM) along with the theories of social network and social support. The SIM identifies 5 key points where PICs can be diverted away from the criminal justice system. PMHC programs fall within the first intercept where persons with mental illness can be diverted at their first initial contact with law enforcement. Limited empirical research exists that show PMHC programs are reaching their intended objectives. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine the effect of PMHC services on the likelihood that PICs will have future mental health calls (MHCs), arrests, and emergency hospitalizations (EHPs). Archival data from 1 midwestern police agency and online public court records was used in the analysis. The study employed OLS and logistic regression techniques, which revealed no statistically significant relationships between the PMHC interventions and the likelihood of future MHCs, arrests, and EHPs. However, significance was achieved for several covariates including transient status, prior history of MHCs, arrests, and EHPs. These findings will contribute to positive social change by informing policymakers and practitioners on best practices in community mental health crisis response.
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Mavrommatis, Michael. "Lay ideas about 'madness' and mental health policy in Greece." Thesis, University of Essex, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435585.
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Kwok, Kun-chung. "An exploratory study of the Mental Health Review Tribunal in Hong Kong /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13744501.
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Moranelli, Ryan A. "An Investigation Into the Collaboration of Mental Health and Social Worker Services with the Criminal Justice System." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors162065733632442.
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Deo, Ishani. "Cultural Factors in Mental Health Referral Among Asian Americans." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/413.
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Epidemiological studies have shown that disparities in mental health service utilization still exist among ethnic minority groups in the United States. This study looks specifically at the lay referral system and what factors influence the likelihood of an individual referring a friend to mental health services. Since college student populations have fewer barriers than most to seeking treatment, 60 Asian American and 49 White American college students were sampled for the purposes of this study. They evaluated one of four vignettes in which cultural competency of the potential therapist and type of symptoms being presented were manipulated. Though there was no significant interaction found, implications of the current findings and corrections to the methodology for future research are discussed.
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Simmons, Jennifer. "The relationship between consumer debt and mental health." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/910.
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Consumer debt is a growing phenomenon in the US and throughout the world. The beginning of the 21st century has been defined by such an incredible growth in consumer debt that American families have increased their debt relative to personal income four times faster than in the 1990s. Since the Federal Reserve began measuring the amount of American consumer debt and consumer income in the 1980s, consumer debt never exceeded consumer income until 2004 when it reached 104.8% of income. In the last two decades, researchers have observed a significant correlation between debt and mental health. The purpose of this thesis is to examine a comprehensive sample of previous quantitative research conducted on the relationship between debt and mental health. This thesis discusses the research in the following categories: 1) increased debt as a contributor to decreased mental health; 2) decreased mental health as a contributor to increased debt; 3) high correlation between debt and mental health risks.B.S.W.
Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Social Work
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Balfour, Abby Kealani. "Insights and Blind Spots: A Qualitative Analysis of Risk in Psychiatric Security Review Board Hearings." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/630.
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The prevalence and consequences of the insanity plea, titled "guilty except for insanity" in the State of Oregon, are fraught with misconceptions. The use of the plea requires a complex set of interactions between the mental health and criminal justice systems, and comes with severe costs for people who use it. Most of the research on the psychological aspects of the insanity plea emphasizes empirical validity in the form of risk assessment instruments and/or the biomedical model with its focus on disease and illness. This thesis analyzes from community psychology and critical theory perspectives the decision process of hearings held by the Psychiatric Security Review Board. The critical analysis draws specifically on Michel Foucault's (1977) theory of knowledge and power to address three questions: 1. Are there identifiable prototypical narratives of risk that are constructed around evidence admitted to a hearing? 2a. Are these risk narratives deployed differently in public PSRB hearing as opposed to an individual interview? 2b. Do the District Attorney, Defense Attorney, and clinician deploy risk narratives differently? 3. As professionals that create, administer, and interpret risk assessment instruments, how do clinicians use these risk narratives to support or refute the arguments of each side? Transcripts and audio recordings of hearings were thematically content analyzed and compared to address these questions. One overarching theme and four subsidiary themes emerged from the data that describe how risk is indirectly discussed in the formal procedures of the hearings and in individual interviews. The overarching theme is Insight and the four subsidiary themes are Elopement, Compliance, Drug-use, and Treatment. Compared across settings, the hearings were highly structured whereas the individual interviews allowed for a more complex analysis and explication of positions. In the context of the PSRB hearings, the testimony of the clinician was of primary importance in determination of insight and the source of information on the patient along the subsidiary themes.
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Boyle, Aisling. "Legal regulation, therapeutic intervention and risk management : an evaluation of mental health law reform in England and Wales (1998-2008)." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610918.
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Caro, Peter A. "TESTING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MENTAL HEALTH CRISIS INTERVENTION TEAM TRAINING: A COLLABORATIVE PARTNERSHIP AMONG COUNTY SERVICES AND LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/458.
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The Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) training program is a community partnership that provides education, understanding, interventions, relationships, and protection for responding officers, individuals in crisis and the community. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of CIT training amongst law enforcement officers in reducing stigmatizing attitudes and opinions on mental illnesses. The study uses a dependent means t-test to test the study participant’s attitudes and opinions on mental illnesses using a pre/post-test survey. A modified version of the Attitudes to Severe Mental Illness Scale was used to measure attitudes, beliefs, and opinions of mental illness. This modified version was developed based on CIT course material. The ultimate goal of this study was to gain insight within the law enforcement community as to whether or not CIT training is raising awareness on the issue of mental health. Findings from this study suggest that after participation, those in the CIT training reported lower levels of non-stigmatizing opinions and attitudes in two of the four factors being analyzed.
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Somersalo, Heidi. "School environment and children's mental well-being : a child psychiatric view on relations between classroom climate, school budget cuts and children's mental health." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2002. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/kliin/vk/somersalo/.
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Kroening, Kathleen M. "Measuring outcomes : the impact of a three-day mental health training on juvenile corrections officers day-to-day decision-making regarding the mentally ill youth in their care /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7201.
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Dasgupta, Kabir. "Essays on Mental Health and Behavioral Outcomes of Children and Youth." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/394605.
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EconomicsPh.D.
This dissertation incorporates three essays related to youth’s health and human capital outcomes. The first two essays investigate the impacts of important public policies on adolescents’ mental health and risky behavioral outcomes. Essay three examines the effects of mothers’ non-cognitive skills on children’s home environment qualities and their cognitive and behavioral outcomes. Domestic violence is a large public issue in the United States. Chapter 1 investigates the effectiveness of warrantless arrest laws enacted by states for domestic violence incidents on multiple youth mental and behavioral outcomes. Under these laws, police officers can arrest a suspect without a warrant even if they did not witness the crime. Although young women remain at the highest risk of victimization of domestic violence, children ages 3 to 17 years are also at elevated risk for domestic violence. Further, over 15 million children witness domestic violence in their homes every year in the United States. Exposure to domestic violence is associated with various social, emotional, behavioral, and health-related problems among youth. Using variation in timing of implementation of the arrest laws across states, I utilize differences-in-differences analyses in multiple, large-scale data sets of nationally representative samples of youth population to study the impact of the laws on a number of youth mental and behavioral outcomes. Results indicate the presence of heterogeneity with respect to the impact of states’ arrest laws on the outcomes studied. The study is useful for policymakers as it provides important evidence on the effectiveness of state measures designed to reduce domestic violence. The estimates obtained in the analyses are robust to multiple sensitivity checks to address key threats to identification. Chapter 2 empirically examines the effects of state cyberbullying laws on youth outcomes with respect to measures of school violence, mental health, and substance use behavior. Electronic form of harassment or cyberbullying is a large social, health, and education issue in the United States. In response to cyberbullying, most state governments have enacted electronic harassment or cyberbullying law as a part of their bullying prevention law. The analysis uses variation in the timing of implementation of cyberbullying laws across states as an exogenous source of variation. Using nationally representative samples of high-school teenagers from national and state Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, the study finds evidence of a positive relationship between adoption of cyberbullying laws and students’ reporting of certain experiences of school violence, mental health problems, and substance use activities. Regression analyses also study the effects of some important components of state cyberbullying laws. Finally, this study examines the sex-specific impacts of cyberbullying laws and its components on youth. The causal estimates are robust to the inclusion of multiple sensitivity checks. This study provides evidence on the efficacy of public measures designed to address cyberbullying among school-age children. Chapter 3 utilizes matched data from National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth (NLSY79) and Children and Young Adults (NLSY79 CYA), to estimate the impact of mothers’ self-esteem on young children’s home environment qualities that enhance early childhood cognitive functioning and extend better emotional support. The estimates suggest that mothers with higher self-esteem provide better home environment to their children during early stages of childhood. The results are robust across different estimation methods, empirical specifications, and demographic groups. This study also finds that mothers with higher self-esteem are more likely to engage in parental practices that support young children’s cognitive and emotional development. Further analysis shows that mothers' self-esteem has a causal relationship with cognitive and behavioral outcomes of school-age children. The results obtained in this study indicate that early childhood development policies directed towards enhancement of non-cognitive skills in mothers can improve children’s human capital outcomes.
Temple University--Theses
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Barnes, Simon Dennis. "Psychopaths and insanity : law, ethics, cognitive neuroscience and criminal responsibility." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/psychopaths-and-insanity-law-ethics-cognitive-neuroscience-and-criminal-responsibility(a0121991-dfab-4d3b-a7fb-b4ec88a7f453).html.
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In many jurisdictions, including England and Wales, psychopaths are unable to succeed with an insanity defence. This has been influenced by a legal view of psychopathy as a condition characterised by a reduced ability to comply with the law, which is otherwise fully understood. Evidence from cognitive neuroscience, however, may potentially challenge this traditional legal conception of psychopathy. In this regard it has already been suggested, based partly on scientific evidence, that it may be appropriate for at least some psychopaths to succeed with an insanity defence where they can be shown to lack moral competence. In this thesis, I critically examine this possibility. I first examine the insanity defence in English law, showing how psychopaths have effectively been excluded from the defence by judicial interpretation of the insanity defence criteria. Consequently, if psychopaths lacking moral competence were to be identified, reform (or reinterpretation) of the defence would be required. I then present philosophical arguments in favour of the case that some psychopaths should gain access to an insanity defence, before clarifying which psychopaths ought potentially to succeed, and which criminal offences ought potentially to be relevant, for the purposes of a reformed or reinterpreted defence. In order to clarify which psychopaths are relevant psychopaths (RPs), it is necessary to go beyond existing scientific evidence. It is argued, based on emerging neuroscientific findings and current research techniques, that while it is not currently possible to identify RPs, it may be possible in the future. Even if it this becomes possible, however, the philosophical case for access to an insanity defence remains deeply problematic. Although RPs may lack moral competence, for example, they may nevertheless possess other capacities relevant to criminal responsibility. After closer examination, it is argued that the case for access to an insanity defence may be best viewed as a case for mitigation rather than exculpation. I conclude by considering some of the implications of this analysis in an English legal context, should it become possible to identify RPs. Of particular relevance is the possibility that RPs may be at high risk of causing serious harm to others. This illuminates important possible relationships between responsibility and risk, and diagnostic advancements and risk assessment, in this area. There are also broader implications for the management of psychopaths in the future, given that greater scientific understanding may lead to enhanced predictive abilities that could tempt policymakers towards more radical strategies. This thesis contributes to an ongoing debate about the role that cognitive neuroscience may play in decisions about the criminal responsibility of psychopaths. My main contribution is to clarify how psychopaths lacking moral competence may be identified in the future, and relate this neuroscientific discourse to arguments for providing these persons with access to an insanity defence. It is argued, however, by reference to legal, policy, scientific and philosophical considerations, that the risk such persons would pose, rather than their capacity for criminal responsibility per se, may have significant legal and policy implications in England and Wales in the future.
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Brito, Emanuele Seicenti de. "O Direito Humano à Saúde Mental: compreensão dos profissionais da área." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22131/tde-28112011-160938/.
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O movimento de reforma psiquiátrica consolidou-se no Brasil com a Lei 10.216 de 2001, formalizando assim, um novo modelo em rede de assistência à saúde mental. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa descritiva com abordagem de dados qualitativa apresentou como objetivo identificar como os profissionais de saúde que trabalham em um hospital psiquiátrico do município de São José do Rio Preto compreendem os direitos humanos elencados na Lei 10.216/2001, que dispõe sobre a proteção e os direitos das pessoas portadoras de transtornos mentais e redireciona o modelo assistencial em saúde mental. Utilizou-se para a coleta de dados de entrevista semiestruturada e observação participante e a análise dos dados foi realizada a partir da análise de conteúdo. Foram entrevistados 33 profissionais de saúde que participam do processo de hospitalização e cuidados ao paciente, enfermeiros, auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem, médicos, assistentes sociais, psicólogos e terapeuta ocupacional. Os resultados demonstram que: os profissionais acreditam que as pessoas tenham fácil acesso ao serviço, embora exista um fluxo de atendimento a ser seguido e os pacientes tenham que passar primeiro pela emergência onde será verificada a disponibilidade de vagas, que é sempre escassa, devido ao fato do hospital ser o serviço mais utilizado na região para atendimento aos portadores de transtornos mentais; embora os profissionais saibam da importância da participação da família no tratamento do portador de transtorno mental, as estratégias utilizadas para assegurar essa participação não são suficientes e ainda ocorrem muitos casos de abandono de pacientes no hospital por parte da família; a participação da comunidade no tratamento não é possível no local do estudo por se tratar de uma instituição fechada, o que limita a interação do paciente com a comunidade em que vive, sendo possível apenas quando saem de licença de final de semana. Assim, a participação da comunidade se limita a doações e trabalhos voluntários; o preconceito em relação à pessoa e ao transtorno mental ainda é muito evidente principalmente por parte da comunidade. Contudo, o preconceito não foi verificado apenas na comunidade, uma vez que os próprios sujeitos do estudo também demonstraram certo preconceito em suas falas; o acesso às informações pelos portadores de transtornos mentais sobre seu transtorno e tratamento é limitado. As informações foram consideradas insuficientes pela maioria dos sujeitos devido à falta de tempo para uma atenção individualizada e a dificuldade de compreensão dos portadores de transtornos mentais; há restrições no acesso aos meios de comunicação disponíveis, que ocorrem em relação ao uso do telefone, e se justificam pelo fato dos portadores de transtornos mentais na maioria das vezes apresentarem quadro psicótico, não sendo possível discernir quanto à utilização equilibrada desse meio. Os participantes demonstraram desconhecer os tipos de internação, o papel do Ministério Público Estadual na internação involuntária e os direitos dos portadores de transtorno mentais. Conclui-se assim que não basta a existência de legislação que garanta o respeito aos portadores de transtornos mentais. O conhecimento da legislação de saúde mental pelos profissionais de saúde mental é de extrema importância para a implementação efetiva da lei, sendo necessário, portanto, promover ações de conscientização direcionadas aos profissionais de saúde sobre os direitos dos portadores de transtornos mentais, bem como sobre as mudanças no modelo de atenção trazidas pela Lei 10.216/01.The psychiatric reform movement was consolidated in Brazil with the Law 10.216 from 2001, formalizing the new model of the mental health care network. In this context, this descriptive research with a qualitative approach presented the aim to identify how health professionals who work at a psychiatric hospital at the city of São José do Rio Preto understand the human rights established by the Law 10.216/2001 on the protection of persons with mental disorders and about the changes in the care model established in the country. In order to collect data, the author used semistructured interviews and participant observation. Data were analyzed through content analysis. 33 health professionals who participate in the hospitalization process and care to patients were interviewed. Among them, there were nurses, nursing auxiliaries and technicians, medical doctors, social workers, psychologists and occupational therapists. Results showed that: health professionals believe people have easy access to the service, although there is an order to be followed and patients must enter the system through the emergency service where they will find the availability of places, which is scarce as this is the only hospital in the region; in spite of knowing the importance of family in the treatment of the patient with mental disorders, the strategies used to assure their participation are not enough and they face several cases of patients\' abandonment by their families, with respect to the community participation in the treatment, it is not strong at the hospital studied because it is a closed institution, which limitates the interaction between the patient and the community. Patients have some external contact when they have a temporary leave from hospital at the weekends. Thus, community participation is limited to donations and volunteer work; in addition, the stigma regarding the patient with mental disorders is still in the community. However, the author also found the stigma present among the health professionals. The access to information regarding the disorder and treatment is also limited by the patients with mental disorders. The information were considered insufficient by the majority of the subjects due to the lack of time for an individualized care and the difficulty of patients to understand. There are restrictions in the use of communication means, especially regarding the telephone. Participants justified the restriction to the fact that the patients are not able to use it in a balanced way. The subjects demonstrated a lack of knowledge about the hospitalization types as well as the role of prosecution on involuntary hospitalization and the rights of the patients. Author concludes that it is not enough to have a Law to assure the respect to the rights of persons with tmental disorders. The knowledge by health professionals of the legislation on mental health is extremely important for the implementation of the Law and in order to achieve this state it is important to promote actions directed to health professionals regarding the rights of the patients as well as their links with the changes occurred in the model of care after the Law 10.216/01.
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Flannery, Halina. "Lay perceptions of illness and recovery for physical and mental health difficulties." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.658862.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: This study aimed to explore illness representations and attitudes about personal recovery in physical and mental health conditions in a lay sample. Design: 263 participants took part in an experimental study using vignettes describing the symptoms of four conditions: depression, schizophrenia, psoriasis and Type 1 diabetes. The within group factor was condition type (physical and mental health). The between groups factor was duration of symptoms (two weeks/ 'acute' or one year/ 'chronic'). Measures: Participants completed the lllness Perception Questionnaire - Revised for Healthy Individuals (Figueiras & Alves, 2007) and questions regarding their attitudes about the importance of personal attributes, such as optimism and resilience, in recovery (,personal recovery'). Results: The inter-relationship of illness representations followed some of the general patterns found in previous research. Participants attributed mental health vignettes to more psychosocial causes and placed more importance on personal recovery than they did for physical health vignettes, although there were some interaction effects of chronicity. Personal recovery attitudes positively correlated with psychosocial causes in all conditions and perceived personal control in all conditions except diabetes. Conclusion: Preliminary evidence was found that lay attitudes about personal attributes being important for recovery was more endorsed in mental health than physical health conditions and was related to perceptions of personal control and psychosocial causes of illness.
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Fullenkamp, Laura J. "A Qualitative Analysis of the Effects of Crisis Intervention Team Training among Rural Law Enforcement Personnel." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1553723444936724.
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