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Journal articles on the topic 'Mental health – Measurement, Statistical'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Flaherty, Brian P. "Statistical models, measurement and nicotine dependence theory." Drug and Alcohol Dependence 140 (July 2014): e59-e60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.182.

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Gottfredson, Stephen D., and Don M. Gottfredson. "Violence Prediction Methods: Statistical and Clinical Strategies." Violence and Victims 3, no. 4 (1988): 303–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.3.4.303.

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The paper suggests that the conventional wisdoms that we cannot and should not predict violence are wrong. We can predict violence, and we should predict violence. It is the unfortunate case, however, that we cannot do it very well, and this is true whether the predictions are made subjectively or statistically. Since the prediction of violence (and of other antisocial behaviors) is so pervasive in our justice and mental health systems, it is important that we attempt to do it better—that is, more efficiently and more effectively. In this paper we show that there is value to both clinical and

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Restuputri, Dian Palupi, Anindia Karunia Pangesti, and Annisa Kesy Garside. "The measurement of Physical Workload and Mental Workload Level of Medical Personnel." Jurnal Teknik Industri 20, no. 1 (2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jtiumm.vol20.no1.34-44.

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As the primary health reference center, a hospital is required to provide excellent quality services to each patient. The impact of the extreme physical and mental workload cause negligence in activities. It affects the quality of services provided by medical personnel. This study investigated the level of mental workload and physical workload in medical staff in a hospital. This study was conducted at 15 units in the hospital. The mental workload was assessed using the NASA-TLX Questionnaire. The physical workload analysis was carried out with the Heart Rate reserve percentage of medical pers

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Axinn, William G., Stephanie Chardoul, Heather Gatny, et al. "Using life history calendars to improve measurement of lifetime experience with mental disorders." Psychological Medicine 50, no. 3 (2019): 515–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291719000394.

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AbstractBackgroundRetrospective reports of lifetime experience with mental disorders greatly underestimate the actual experiences of disorder because recall error biases reporting of earlier life symptoms downward. This fundamental obstacle to accurate reporting has many adverse consequences for the study and treatment of mental disorders. Better tools for accurate retrospective reporting of mental disorder symptoms have the potential for broad scientific benefits.MethodsWe designed a life history calendar (LHC) to support this task, and randomized more than 1000 individuals to each arm of a r

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Mayangsari, Anggi, Rahma Dilla Arnanda, Fatahya Alima Isnaini, and Aulia Iskandarsyah. "Health Literacy and Mental Health Status: Correlational Study of Undergraduate Students." Jurnal RAP (Riset Aktual Psikologi Universitas Negeri Padang) 11, no. 2 (2020): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/rapun.v11i2.109108.

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The aim of this study was to find the relationship between Health Literacy (HL) and Mental Health Status of Undergraduate Students in Bandung, Indonesia. In this study, 102 undergraduate students were recruited. This correlational study held with two types of psychological measurement that translated to Indonesian, those are Health Literacy Quetionnaire (HLQ) and Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ).. Data was collected by online questionnaire, then statistically processed with Spearman-rank test.. The results showed that there’s a negaitve correlation between Health Literacy and Mental Health S

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Roemer, Walter W. "Leary's circle matrix: A comprehensive model for the statistical measurement of Horney's clinical concepts." American Journal of Psychoanalysis 46, no. 3 (1986): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01250973.

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Fonseca-Pedrero, E., J. Ortuño-Sierra, G. Sierro, et al. "The Measurement Invariance of Schizotypy in Europe." European Psychiatry 30, no. 7 (2015): 837–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.07.005.

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AbstractThe short version of the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (sO-LIFE) is a widely used measure assessing schizotypy. There is limited information, however, on how sO-LIFE scores compare across different countries. The main goal of the present study is to test the measurement invariance of the sO-LIFE scores in a large sample of non-clinical adolescents and young adults from four European countries (UK, Switzerland, Italy, and Spain). The scores were obtained from validated versions of the sO-LIFE in their respective languages. The sample comprised 4190 participants

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Palomo-López, Patricia, Daniel López-López, Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo, et al. "Concurrent Validity of the Foot Health Status Questionnaire and Study Short Form 36 for Measuring the Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Foot Problems." Medicina 55, no. 11 (2019): 750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55110750.

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Background and Objectives: Foot problems may be considered to be a prevalent condition and impact the health-related quality of life (QoL). Considering these Spanish-validated tools, the Foot Health Status questionnaire (FHSQ) may provide a health-related QoL measurement for specific foot conditions and general status. To date, the domains of the FHSQ and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36) have not been correlated. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to correlate the domains of the FHSQ and SF-36 in patients with foot problems. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descripti

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Zwerenz, Rüdiger, Jan Becker, Robert Johansson, Ronald J. Frederick, Gerhard Andersson, and Manfred E. Beutel. "Transdiagnostic, Psychodynamic Web-Based Self-Help Intervention Following Inpatient Psychotherapy: Results of a Feasibility Study and Randomized Controlled Trial." JMIR Mental Health 4, no. 4 (2017): e41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/mental.7889.

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Background Mental disorders have become a major health issue, and a substantial number of afflicted individuals do not get appropriate treatment. Web-based interventions are promising supplementary tools for improving health care for patients with mental disorders, as they can be delivered at low costs and used independently of time and location. Although psychodynamic treatments are used frequently in the face-to-face setting, there has been a paucity of studies on psychodynamic Web-based self-help interventions. Objective The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility and preli

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Seelochan, Alex, Mark Paramlall, Himanshu Tyagi, et al. "How does self-report of anxiety symptoms compare with observer assessments after acquired brain injury?" BJPsych Open 7, S1 (2021): S288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.765.

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AimsComorbid anxiety and mood disorders occur in 30% and 60% of individuals post-ABI (acquired brain injury), respectively (Juengst et al, 2014). The presence of psychiatric symptoms correlate to poorer outcomes in post-stroke rehabilitation, worsened quality of life (QoL), and deficits in memory, attention, and processing speed that persists years following the index event. Despite this, it is unclear whether to what degree anxiety impacts cognition. Furthermore, the literature on this topic is inconsistent when comparing subjective and clinician measurements. This study seeks to ameliorate t

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Doessel, Darrel P., Ruth F. G. Williams, and Jennie R. Robertson. "Changes in the inequality of mental health: suicide in Australia, 1907–2003." Health Economics, Policy and Law 6, no. 1 (2010): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744133110000101.

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AbstractRising suicide rates have been identified as a social problem in several Western countries. The application of a Welfare Economics argument justifies a role for policy that reduces the welfare impact of suicide, whereas the measurement of that impact can inform policy making. Two dimensions of the concept can be measured: the social loss from suicide, and the inequality in the distribution of that loss. In this study, an alternative measure of suicide to the conventional suicide headcount,viz.the potential years of life lost (PYLL), is employed. The PYLL measure is a proxy measure of t

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Schroeder, Debra S., Molly T. Laflin, and David L. Weis. "Is There a Relationship between Self Esteem and Drug Use? Methodological and Statistical Limitations of the Research." Journal of Drug Issues 23, no. 4 (1993): 645–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269302300406.

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Although a causal connection between self-esteem and drug use might make intuitive sense, a critical evaluation of the research calls this relationship into question. The most fatal flaw in the “low self-esteem causes drug use” argument is the fact that only a very small proportion of the variance in drug use is associated with self-esteem across a variety of definitions of self-esteem. In addition, the literature is fraught with methodological and statistical problems that severely limit the conclusions that can be drawn. Methodological problems examined in the article include: measurement of

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Yfantis, A., D. Giailoglou, E. Chourdaki, et al. "Effectiveness and Tolerability of Escitalopram in the Treatment of Depression with or Without Mental and/or Somatic Comorbidities." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70734-5.

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Purpose:To evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of escitalopram in patients suffering from depression with or without comorbid mental and/or physical disorders in a naturalistic setting.Methods:Open-label 3-month study, conducted in 186 investigational sites in Greece. Efficacy assessment was based on CGI-S, MADRS and CGI-I scales. Tolerability was evaluated by spontaneously reported adverse events and treatment discontinuation rates. Statistical analysis was based on a modified intent-to-treat dataset (at least one valid post-baseline CGI-S measurement) and the per protocol dataset (va

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Bogacki, David F., Kenneth J. Weiss, Joan A. Vail, and Deborah J. Armstrong. "Assessing High-Risk Behavior in the Developmentally Disabled: Measurement and Forensic Implications." Journal of Psychiatry & Law 33, no. 2 (2005): 207–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009318530503300203.

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In the age of postinstitutional care, less attention is paid to the residual population of developmentally disabled persons within public facilities. Many such individuals are court ordered from the criminal justice system; they require varying intensities of mental health services. Level of risk to self and others is one component assessed by service providers as they plan resource allocation to meet the residents' support needs. Although it may be presumed that lower-functioning clients need more mental health services, this has not been tested systematically. The Developmental Disability Ri

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French, P., N. Shryane, R. P. Bentall, S. W. Lewis, and A. P. Morrison. "Effects of cognitive therapy on the longitudinal development of psychotic experiences in people at high risk of developing psychosis." British Journal of Psychiatry 191, S51 (2007): s82—s87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.191.51.s82.

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BackgroundThere have been recent advances in the identification of people at high risk of psychosis and psychological treatments have shown promise for preventionAimsTo compare the longitudinal course of psychotic experiences and emotional dysfunction in high-risk participants receiving cognitive therapy with those receiving treatment as usualMethodData from a recent randomised controlled trial of cognitive therapy for people at risk of developing psychosis were utilised to examine three different statistical models that were based on 432 measurements of psychotic experiences and 421 of emotio

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Pelletier, Jean-François, Larry Davidson, Charles-Édouard Giguère, Nicolas Franck, Jonathan Bordet, and Michael Rowe. "Convergent and Concurrent Validity between Clinical Recovery and Personal-Civic Recovery in Mental Health." Journal of Personalized Medicine 10, no. 4 (2020): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm10040163.

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Several instruments have been developed by clinicians and academics to assess clinical recovery. Based on their life narratives, measurement tools have also been developed and validated through participatory research programs by persons living with mental health problems or illnesses to assess personal recovery. The main objective of this project is to explore possible correlations between clinical recovery, personal recovery, and citizenship by using patient-reported outcome measures. All study participants are currently being treated and monitored after having been diagnosed either with (a)

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Stevanovic, Dejan, Peyman Jafari, Rajna Knez, et al. "Can we really use available scales for child and adolescent psychopathology across cultures? A systematic review of cross-cultural measurement invariance data." Transcultural Psychiatry 54, no. 1 (2017): 125–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461516689215.

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In this systematic review, we assessed available evidence for cross-cultural measurement invariance of assessment scales for child and adolescent psychopathology as an indicator of cross-cultural validity. A literature search was conducted using the Medline, PsychInfo, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. Cross-cultural measurement invariance data was available for 26 scales. Based on the aggregation of the evidence from the studies under review, none of the evaluated scales have strong evidence for cross-cultural validity and suitability for cross-cultural comparison. A few o

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John, Ulrich, Christian Meyer, Hans-Jürgen Rumpf, Anja Schumann, Horst Dilling, and Ulfert Hapke. "Self-rated general health and psychiatric disorders in a general population sample." European Psychiatry 20, no. 3 (2005): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2004.09.026.

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AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between nicotine and alcohol dependence, depressive, anxiety and somatoform disorders with self-rated general health (GH). A cohort study of a random sample of the non-institutionalised general population aged 18–64 with a participation rate of 70.2% was carried out in a German area (n = 4075 at baseline). A follow-up of tobacco smokers or heavy drinkers (n = 1083, 79.4% of those who had given consent to be followed-up) was conducted 30 months after baseline measurement. The assessments included self-ratings of GH and Diagnosti

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Dorji, Nidup, Michael P. Dunne, Charrlotte Seib, and Sibnath Dep. "Health-related quality of life and co-morbidities among older adults in Bhutan." Bhutan Health Journal 4, no. 2 (2018): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47811/bhj.63.

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Introduction: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a multi-dimensional construct that assesses an individual’s and group’s perceived physical and mental health over time. Measurement of HRQoL is an important medical outcome study and its study among older adults in Bhutan is limited. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study aimed to assess HRQoL and its sociodemographic and health correlates, among older adults in Bhutan. Data for this study was collected from the four major towns of Thimphu, Phuntsholing, Gelephu, and Samdrupjongkhar, Bhutan, from November 2014 - February 2015, usi

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Nestadt, G., C. Di, J. F. Samuels, et al. "Concordance between personality disorder assessment methods." Psychological Medicine 42, no. 3 (2011): 657–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291711001632.

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BackgroundStudies have criticized the low level of agreement between the various methods of personality disorder (PD) assessment. This is an important issue for research and clinical purposes.MethodSeven hundred and forty-two participants in the Hopkins Epidemiology of Personality Disorders Study (HEPS) were assessed on two occasions using the Personality Disorder Schedule (PDS) and the International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE). The concordance between the two diagnostic methods for all DSM-IV PDs was assessed using standard methods and also two item response analytic approaches de

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Liu, Hsiao-Man, Chung-Chi Huang, Chung-Lin Huang, and Yen-Ting Ke. "Intelligent assessment and prediction system for somatic fitness and healthcare using machine learning." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 4 (2021): 7957–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-189618.

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This study proposes a health assessment and predictive assistance system for intelligent health monitoring. Through machine learning, the tool features a customized set of quantitative measurements and web analysis systems for physical and mental fitness. The system replaces the manpower and time requirements of the past necessary to conduct interviews and keep paper records, allowing users to observe and analyze physical and mental fitness status through the webpage. To achieve this, ECG, EEG, and EMAS are used to follow physiological, psychological, and meridian energy states. ASP.NET softwa

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Awad, A. George. "Methodological and Design Issues in Clinical Trials of New Neuroleptics: an Overview." British Journal of Psychiatry 163, S22 (1993): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s000712500029260x.

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The recent development of new neuroleptics that differ from the conventional neuroleptics in both mechanism of action and side-effects profile has introduced problems in their clinical assessment, and highlighted ongoing issues in the design and methodology of clinical trials. These issues are broadly grouped and discussed as follows: sampling problems and selection of patients; design issues; problems in measurement; ensuring compliance; recognition of extrapharmacological issues; and statistical models. For patients to benefit from the development of new neuroleptics, clinical settings have

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Laird, Elizabeth A., Assumpta Ryan, Claire McCauley, et al. "Using Mobile Technology to Provide Personalized Reminiscence for People Living With Dementia and Their Carers: Appraisal of Outcomes From a Quasi-Experimental Study." JMIR Mental Health 5, no. 3 (2018): e57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/mental.9684.

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Background Dementia is an international research priority. Reminiscence is an intervention that prompts memories and has been widely used as a therapeutic approach for people living with dementia. We developed a novel iPad app to support home-based personalized reminiscence. It is crucial that technology-enabled reminiscence interventions are appraised. Objective We sought to measure the effect of technology-enabled reminiscence on mutuality (defined as the level of “closeness” between an adult living with dementia and their carer), quality of carer and patient relationship, and subjective wel

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Moleiro, C., and L. Beutler. "Clinically Significant Change in Treatments for Depression." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70895-8.

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The assessment of change has been a problematic issue in psychotherapy research and has become increasingly important in up rise of evidence-based practices. In the present paper, the clinical significance of the change of 243 patients who received one of nine treatments for depression was analyzed using the Reliable Change Index (Jacobson, Follette, & Revenstorf, 1984) and normative comparisons (Equivalency Testing; Kendall, Marrs-Garcia, Nath, & Sheldrick, 1999). While the first method addresses the question of whether or not the change that occurred was large enough to be attributab

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Fichter, Manfred M., Irmgard Meister, and Hans-Joachim Koch. "The Measurement of Body Image Disturbances in Anorexia Nervosa." British Journal of Psychiatry 148, no. 4 (1986): 453–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.148.4.453.

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Body image disturbances in anorexia nervosa patients have been assessed in an experimental study which dealt with the following issues: (1) Three different procedures for the assessment of body image disturbances were compared in a discriminant function analysis: (a) a Video Monitor Procedure, (b) the Movable Caliper Procedure and (c) the Image Marking Procedure. The Image Marking Procedure showed the best discrimination between groups. (2) Anorexia nervosa patients showed a statistically significant over-estimation as compared to the control group in the variables ‘waist’, ‘upper thigh’ and t

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Izzo, Viola Angela, Maria Anna Donati, and Caterina Primi. "Conners 3–Self-Report Scale: An empirical support to the dimensionality of the content scales." Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry 23, no. 4 (2018): 556–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359104518757289.

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The Conners’ Rating Scales are one of the most used instruments for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Nonetheless, in the latest edition, the Inattention scale was not statistically supported. This study examined the dimensionality of the Italian version of the Conners 3–Self-Report scale testing both a five-factor structure including Inattention and a four-factor model combining Inattention and Learning Problems. Moreover, the generalizability of the detected structure through measurement invariance was verified. The Italian version of the scale was completed by 971 children (5

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Hammerton, Gemma, and Marcus R. Munafò. "Causal inference with observational data: the need for triangulation of evidence." Psychological Medicine 51, no. 4 (2021): 563–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291720005127.

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AbstractThe goal of much observational research is to identify risk factors that have a causal effect on health and social outcomes. However, observational data are subject to biases from confounding, selection and measurement, which can result in an underestimate or overestimate of the effect of interest. Various advanced statistical approaches exist that offer certain advantages in terms of addressing these potential biases. However, although these statistical approaches have different underlying statistical assumptions, in practice they cannot always completely remove key sources of bias; t

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Siniscalchi, Kimberly A., Marion E. Broome, Jason Fish, et al. "Depression Screening and Measurement-Based Care in Primary Care." Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 11 (January 2020): 215013272093126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150132720931261.

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The health issue addressed is the unmet need to universally screen and treat depression, which is one of the most common mental health disorders among adults in the United States. The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends screening adults for depression in primary care and using evidence-based protocols. This quality improvement project implemented VitalSign6, a measurement-based care program, to improve depression screening and treatment of adults in primary care at an academic medical center. A pre-post design was used to determine effectiveness of changes in screening, outcomes, and

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van Schaaijk, A., K. Nieuwenhuijsen, M. H. W. Frings-Dresen, and J. K. Sluiter. "Reproducibility of work ability and work functioning instruments." Occupational Medicine 68, no. 2 (2018): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqy010.

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Abstract Background Work ability (WA) and work functioning (WF) instruments can be useful in occupational health practice. The reproducibility of both instruments is important to their relevance for daily practice. Clinimetrics concerns the methodological and statistical quality of instruments and their performance in practice. Aims To assess the reproducibility of WA and WF instruments. Methods Dutch workers completed a questionnaire containing WA questions and the WF questionnaire twice with a 7-day interval between. The questionnaire included an appraisal of current general, physical and me

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Buckley, Nicholas, Emma J. Glasson, Wai Chen, et al. "Prevalence estimates of mental health problems in children and adolescents with intellectual disability: A systematic review and meta-analysis." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 54, no. 10 (2020): 970–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867420924101.

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Background: Children and adolescents with intellectual disability are at risk of developing psychiatric symptoms and disorders; yet, the estimates reported in the literature have been inconsistent, presenting a potential barrier for service planning and delivery. Sources of variability could arise from differences in measurement instruments as well as subgroup membership by severity of intellectual disability, gender and age. This systematic review aimed to address these gaps. Method: MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases were searched from inception to 2018 and selected studies were reviewed. Studie

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Han, Kyunghee, Stephen M. Colarelli, and Nathan C. Weed. "Methodological and statistical advances in the consideration of cultural diversity in assessment: A critical review of group classification and measurement invariance testing." Psychological Assessment 31, no. 12 (2019): 1481–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pas0000731.

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Longpré, Nicholas, Jean Proulx, and Sébastien Brouillette-Alarie. "Convergent Validity of Three Measures of Sexual Sadism: Value of a Dimensional Measure." Sexual Abuse 30, no. 2 (2016): 192–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1079063216649592.

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Sexual sadism can be described as the sexual pleasure produced by acts of cruelty and bodily punishment. The most common method for evaluating sexual sadism is clinical evaluation, that is, evaluation based on the diagnostic criteria of nosological instruments such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( DSM) or the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). It is also possible to evaluate sadistic sexual preferences by phallometry, which provides a physiological measure of sexual excitation by deviant and nondeviant scenarios. The most recently developed evaluation

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Galderisi, S. "Which Outcome Indices Would Clinicians Like to See in Schizophrenia Clinical Trials?" European Psychiatry 26, S2 (2011): 2204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73907-4.

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Outcome measurement tools were almost exclusively used, so far, in research studies, while in routine clinical practice gross descriptive evaluation was generally provided. Discrepancies among studies and among stakeholders as to the effectiveness of one or the other treatment, study designs based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria unlikely to generalize to clinical practice, the choice of outcome measures not always clinically meaningful, difficulties in the interpretation of clinical trials results and the relatively short trial duration have contributed to clinicians’ skeptical atti

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Chung, H., and N. Breslau. "The latent structure of post-traumatic stress disorder: tests of invariance by gender and trauma type." Psychological Medicine 38, no. 4 (2008): 563–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291707002589.

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BackgroundMeasurement invariance of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) criterion symptoms was tested by gender and trauma type, assaultive and non-assaultive.MethodAnalysis was conducted using latent class analysis (LCA), based on findings that the three-class LCA model from Breslau et al. (Archives of General Psychiatry 2005, 62, 1343–1351) fits the data across the four groups best. The classes represent three levels of PTSD-related disturbance: no disturbance, intermediate disturbance and pervasive disturbance, wi

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Senanarong, Vorapun, Kamolthip Harnphadungkit, Naraporn Prayoonwiwat, et al. "A New Measurement of Activities of Daily Living for Thai Elderly With Dementia." International Psychogeriatrics 15, no. 2 (2003): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610203008822.

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Background: Activities of daily living (ADL) vary across cultures, and measure of ADL needs to be specific to the population under study. We developed an ADL measure for Thai elderly with dementia and investigated the reliability and validity of this instrument. Materials and Methods: Item construction was accomplished with a panel of neurologists and a rehabilitation medicine physician. One hundred eighty-one subjects were interviewed using the Thai ADL measure. Of this sample, one hundred fifty-nine had dementia according to the Diagnosic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth ed

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Bech, P. "Clinical target syndromes in psychiatry: latent structure analysis versus factor analysis." European Psychiatry 6, no. 6 (1991): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0924933800000420.

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SummaryThe algorithms for the demonstration of shared phenomenology of psychiatric syndromes in DSM-III are resistant to quantification. In contrast, the rating scale approach quantifies clinical target syndromes in psychiatry. The two most useful statistical models for quantifying shared phenomenology by symptom rating scales have been reviewed; namely factor analysis and latent structure analysis. Results have shown that factor analysis has demonstrated dimensions of dementia, delirium, schizophrenia, mania, outward aggression, depression and anxiety. Latent structure analysis has confirmed

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McCormack, Heather M., David J. de L. Horne, and Simon Sheather. "Clinical applications of visual analogue scales: a critical review." Psychological Medicine 18, no. 4 (1988): 1007–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700009934.

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SynopsisVisual Analogue Scales (VAS) provide a simple technique for measuring subjective experience. They have been established as valid and reliable in a range of clinical and research applications, although there is also evidence of increased error and decreased sensitivity when used some subject groups. Decisions concerned with the choice of scoring interval, experimental design, and statistical analysis for VAS have in some instances been based on convention, assumption and convenience, highlighting the need for more comprehensive assessment of individual scales if this versatile and sensi

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SLADE, TIM, and GAVIN ANDREWS. "Latent structure of depression in a community sample: a taxometric analysis." Psychological Medicine 35, no. 4 (2004): 489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291704003708.

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Background. The latent structure of depression was examined using taxometric analysis, a family of statistical procedures designed specifically to test whether a given construct is best conceptualized as a distinct category or a continuous dimension.Method. Data were derived from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being, a large epidemiological survey that measured the prevalence of the major DSM-IV and ICD-10 mental disorders. Two taxometric procedures, maximum covariance (MAXCOV) and mean above minus below a cut (MAMBAC), were carried out on a sample of 1933 community v

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Oliveira, E., M. Uba-Chupel, D. Sousa, C. Rocha, A. Teixeira, and P. Ferreira. "The effect of a 16-week walking program on biomarkers, physical fitness, health related quality of life and self-perceptions of adults with schizophrenia." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (2016): s260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.663.

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IntroductionPeople with schizophrenia exhibit low levels of physical activity, which have impact on physical and mental health as well as overall quality of life (QOL). Mental and physical benefits of exercise are known, although the mechanisms through which physical exercise improves schizophrenia symptoms are not fully understood.ObjectivesTo assess the effect of a 16-week exercise program (EP) on the expression of BDNF and S100B biomarkers, physical fitness, health related quality of life and self-perceptions of adults with schizophrenia.MethodsThirty-five patients with schizophrenia (PwSZ)

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Nazer, M. "Effectiveness of attention-shaping training in reinforcing attention and academic development and self-efficacy for primary school children with attention deficit hyperactive disorder." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): S448—S449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.470.

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IntroductionThe present research have done with concentration on examining the impact of selected and divided attention-shaping training in reinforcing attention and the academic improvement and self-efficacy of primary school children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.MethodThe research method was a quasi-experimental design with per- and post-test and follow-up with control group. Statistical society contained all of the primary school children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in Rafsanjan City. Forty children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder were chosen

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Préville, Michel, Catherine Lamoureux-Lamarche, Helen-Maria Vasiliadis, et al. "The 6-Month Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Syndrome (PTSS) among Older Adults: Validity and Reliability of the PTSS Scale." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 59, no. 10 (2014): 548–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674371405901008.

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Objective: To document the 6-month prevalence of posttraumatic stress syndrome (PTSS) in the older adult population and the validity of a PTSS Scale in an epidemiologic setting. Method: Data came from the Enquête sur la santé des aînés et l'utilisation des services de santé (ESA Services Study) conducted during 2012–2013 using a probability sample of older adults seeking medical services in primary health clinics. Results: Results showed that a first-order PTSS measurement model consisting of 3 indicators—the number of lifetime traumatic events, the frequency of reactions and symptoms of distr

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Duncan, Laura, Katholiki Georgiades, Li Wang, et al. "The 2014 Ontario Child Health Study Emotional Behavioural Scales (OCHS-EBS) Part I: A Checklist for Dimensional Measurement of Selected DSM-5 Disorders." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 64, no. 6 (2018): 423–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743718808250.

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Objectives: To describe the development and psychometric properties of the 2014 Ontario Child Health Study Emotional Behavioural Scales (OCHS-EBS) for dimensional measurement of 7 disorders based on criteria from the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( DSM-5). Methods: Scale items were selected by agreement among 19 child psychologists and psychiatrists rating the correspondence between item descriptions and DSM-5 symptoms. Psychometric evaluation of the item properties and parent/caregiver and youth scales came from a general population study of 10,802

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Tackett, Jennifer L., Steve Balsis, Thomas F. Oltmanns, and Robert F. Krueger. "A unifying perspective on personality pathology across the life span: Developmental considerations for the fifth edition of theDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders." Development and Psychopathology 21, no. 3 (2009): 687–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457940900039x.

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AbstractProposed changes in the fifth edition of theDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-V) include replacing current personality disorder (PD) categories on Axis II with a taxonomy of dimensional maladaptive personality traits. Most of the work on dimensional models of personality pathology, and on personality disorders per se, has been conducted on young and middle-aged adult populations. Numerous questions remain regarding the applicability and limitations of applying various PD models to early and later life. In the present paper, we provide an overview of such dimensi

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Gale, Michael M., Alex L. Pieterse, Debbiesiu L. Lee, Kiet Huynh, Shantel Powell, and Katherine Kirkinis. "A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Internalized Racial Oppression and Health-Related Outcomes." Counseling Psychologist 48, no. 4 (2020): 498–525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000020904454.

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Internalized racism represents a critical component of the system of racial oppression wherein People of Color adopt the negative beliefs about their race held by members of the White majority group. In this meta-analysis, the authors reviewed 29 studies (32 effect sizes) on the relationships between internalized racism and negative physical and mental health outcomes published between 1999 and 2015 and tested for literature-driven moderator effects using subgroup analyses. Results suggested that the direct overall relation between internalized racism and health was strongest for negative ment

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Cattaneo, C. I., A. Verde, and G. Castignoli. "Sudden death and antipsychotic treatment: Typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs’ safety in the real world." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (2011): 1233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72938-8.

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The most up-to-date guidelines recommend to use atypical antipsychotic drugs (APDs). This is due to their better tolerability and safety, especially as far as the risk of sudden death is concerned. Nevertheless, in clinical practice several patients are still treated with typical APDs. Aim of this study is to evaluate the QTc in the real world, where psychotic Pts are still treated with typical APDs. 169 consecutive acute psychotic inpatients (mean age 39 ± 12.5, 84 female), hospitalized in psychiatric ward from January 2005 to December 2007, and treated for at least 6 months with APDs (halope

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Czobor, P., and I. Bitter. "How to Interpret Efficacy and Safety Data of Antidepressive Drugs and Placebo Response Rates?" European Psychiatry 24, S1 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70312-8.

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During the process of drug development, the sponsoring pharmaceutical manufacturers conduct numerous clinical trials to demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of new antidepressive agents. These trials are required to provide ‘substantial evidence of effectiveness’ in accordance to terms and conditions codified by law. Accordingly, the design and conduct of clinical studies of new antidepressants are strongly impacted by the need to comply with scientific standards as well as by regulatory requirements for approval. Regulatory requirements are typically published in standard ‘Guidance

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Cerutti, Rita, Fabio Presaghi, Valentina Spensieri, Andrea Fontana, and Simone Amendola. "Adaptation and Psychometric Analysis of the Test of Mobile Phone Dependence—Brief Version in Italian Adolescents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (2021): 2612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052612.

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Since the diffusion of recent models of mobile phones, anyone with an internet connection can communicate continuously and search for information. This raises some questions about the possible consequences of problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) in a complex life phase such as adolescence. Therefore, we performed a psychometric analysis of the brief version of the Test of Mobile Phone Dependence (TMD) in Italy. The sample comprised 575 Italian adolescents aged 11 to 18 years. Data were collected using the TMD-brief, the Personality Inventory for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental D

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Vancea, Florin, and Mădălina-Ştefania Apostol. "Changes in mental health during the COVID-19 crisis in Romania: A repeated cross-section study based on the measurement of subjective perceptions and experiences." Science Progress 104, no. 2 (2021): 003685042110258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00368504211025873.

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The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused dramatic changes in the daily lives of Romanians, affecting their mental health. The COVID-19 pandemic has evolved at three significant peaks, which sequentially occurred on: April 29, 2020; September 18, 2020; and the third wave registered the highest severity on November 27, 2020. Little is known about the mental health changes during this phase of this pandemic. This study evaluated mental health levels in Romania at the end of the first wave of the pandemic and amidst the third and most severe wave. We administered a two-phase internet-ba

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CICCHETTI, DANTE, and STEPHEN P. HINSHAW. "Conceptual, methodological, and statistical issues in developmental psychopathology: A Special Issue in honor of Paul E. Meehl." Development and Psychopathology 15, no. 3 (2003): 497–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579403000269.

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With the passing of Paul E. Meehl, Regents Professor of Psychology at the University of Minnesota, on February 14, 2003, the world lost one of the most influential clinical psychologists of the 20th century. The breadth of his interests, the preciseness and clarity of his thinking, the elegance of his writing, and his ability to integrate scientific and clinical matters of import were hallmarks of his illustrious career (see, e.g., Meehl, 1954, 1973, 1991). Yet, it is the very magnitude of his professional pursuits that defy categorization or even placement within a single field of inquiry. Wh

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Hunt, Kenneth, Eric Lakey, Jesse Roberts, and Pam Kumparatana. "Application of Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) in Elite Athletes." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 3, no. 3 (2018): 2473011418S0006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011418s00064.

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Category: Sports Introduction/Purpose: Since its introduction into clinical practice, the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) has become commonplace across multiple different orthopaedic sub-specialties for a wide variety of patient populations. PROMIS computer adaptive tests (CATs) are increasingly administered following injury and/or surgical intervention. Yet, a gap in the literature remains with regard to the results of PROMIS scores in populations that may not conform to mean normal values in the NIH PROMIS scoring database. Examples include young, healthy pat

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