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1
Morris, Desiree Lin. "MENTAL HEALTH INTERVENTION: DOES AN EXPEDITED PROCESS INCREASE ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES FOR CHILDREN?" CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/640.
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Child maltreatment negatively impacts physical, emotional, and the health and well-being of a person, often with lifelong implications. The importance of this study derives from the very necessity of mental health services for children who have suffered trauma. Children’s Assessment Centers (CAC) assess and refer children who have experienced abuse to a therapist in the community. This study examines the use of an enhanced referral process used to connect some CAC clients more quickly to therapeutic services in the community. The study examined whether children who received this expedited referral service were more likely than children who received the standard referral process to see a therapist within three months. The study used data provided by one CAC in California. The CAC provided information on clients who received either the expedited or standard referral process within a 3-month period in 2017. The researcher then contacted the clients’ caregivers to ask whether the child saw a therapist within 3-months of the child’s referral from the CAC. The study used a Chi-square test to analyze whether children who received an expedited referral to mental health services were more likely than children who received the standard referral to receive mental health services within three months. Results indicated no statistically significant difference in access to mental health services for the two groups. However, during data collection, the researcher learned that some children were already engaged in therapy at the time they received the referral, perhaps rendering the referral unnecessary. Implications for social work practice, policy, and research are discussed.
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Sams, Khia L. "Forgiveness, Mental Health, and Adult Children of Alcoholics." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/157.
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Research has shown that spirituality can play a role in addiction and recovery. However, little work in this area has focused on adults who have grown up with parents who have had alcohol and/or drug problems. Cross-sectional data was collected from college students from a regional university in southern Appalachia. Multiple dimensions and aspects of forgiveness and mental health were examined among undergraduates, including differences based upon participants’ likelihood of being an adult child of an alcoholic (ACOA). Individuals likely to be an ACOA had poorer levels of the forgiveness and mental health related variables. Among ACOAs forgiveness of others was associated with psychological distress and somatic symptoms in a deleterious fashion. Forgiveness of situations was associated with mental health status, psychological distress, and dysfunctional behaviors associated with being an ACOA in a salutary fashion. The process of forgiveness intervention may be an added benefit during the recovery process associated with growing up as a child in an alcoholic family.
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Lewis, Sarah Elizabeth. "Assessment of mental health for looked after children." Thesis, University of Hull, 2014. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:10528.
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The portfolio has three parts: Part One: A systematic literature review, in which the literature relating to the assessment and identification of mental health problems in looked after children is reviewed. Part Two: A mixed methods empirical research study which qualitatively explores foster carer’s perceptions of screening measures used with looked after children and the ability of these to capture need. Clinicians’ views regarding the same issue are also explored both quantitatively and qualitatively. Part Three: Appendices including all relevant documents related to the systematic literature review and empirical papers and a reflective statement from the researcher on the process of completing the portfolio.
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Jordan, Brianna L. "Food Insecurity and Children: How Food Insecurity Affects Mental Health in Children." UNF Digital Commons, 2019. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/872.
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Being without the financial means to have reliable access to enough food to sustain members of a household is known as Food Insecurity (FI; Gundersen, 2013). Previous research has linked FI to obesity and depression (Adams, Grummer-Strawn, & Chavez, 2003; Bronte-Tinkew, Zaslow, Capps, Horowitz, & Mcnamara, 2007; Huddleston-Casas, Charnigo, & Simmons, 2009; Kim & Frongillo, 2007). Although there have been findings about FI being related to depression and obesity, little research has used African Americans; even less research has used young adolescents as the target population. This study had five aims: 1) Observe the impact of FI on health, 2) Observe the impact of weight status on depression, 3) Observe gender effects, 4) Testing mediation effects of child and caregiver depression, and 5) Observe income effects on FI. There were 228 participants (Mage=13.27) recruited from a large Mid-Atlantic city. Self-administered questionnaires were used to assess psychosocial functioning, and caregivers answered the Two-Item Screening Questionnaire for Food Insecurity to assess FI status. FI was not significantly related to child depression but was related to caregiver depression. There was no relation between FI and weight status. Obese children reported higher levels of depression than normal and overweight children; weight had no relation to caregiver depression. Female children had higher rates of depression, overweightness, and obesity. Poverty was not related to FI or depression in children and caregivers. With more FI research, advances can be made to reduce the negative impact of this issue.
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McManus, Suzanne Bells. "Enhancing positive early childhood mental health outcomes in young children /." Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1790314811&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Fentress, Shelley Greenwell. "A Needs Assessment of Communicare's Children Mental Health Services." TopSCHOLAR®, 2012. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1207.
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This document is a review of literature on needs assessments and the benefits of conducting one. Communicare is a mental health agency that serves the Lincoln Trail Region. Currently, most of the revenue from their children programs comes from Medicaid, which is a fee-for-services payer source. The Kentucky Medicaid Program is in the process of contracting with managed care organizations to oversee services that have been paid directly from Kentucky Medicaid. With these changes, mental health organizations must identify specific community service needs as well as expanding revenue sources. Applying for grants is one way mental health agencies can expand revenue sources. Communicare has identified the KY SEED grant that focuses on prevention and providing services to early childhood programs as a potential funding source. A needs assessment was conducted to gather information on children services implemented by Communicare. It was conducted in order to assess current programs and seek out potential areas of future program growth. The needs assessment further sought to identify gaps in services for the early childhood programs and assist in the grant application process. A review of existing data on children’s services offered at Communicare, including a satisfaction survey and a System of Care Assessment Report, was conducted as part of the needs assessment. A Community Forum with community partners from the Lincoln Trail region was held to gather additional data for the needs assessment.
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Carlsund, Åsa. "Children`s Mental Health -with focus on family arrangements." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för omvårdnad, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-19759.
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The main aim of this thesis was to study children’s mental health with focus on family arrangements. The thesis was based on four studies (I-IV). Study number I, III and IV were quantitative studies with cross sectional design, using the Swedish version of Health behaviour in School- aged children (HBSC), including children aged 11, 13 and 15 years. The data was analysed with multiple linear regression analysis (I) and multivariate logistic regression analysis (III, IV). Study II was of qualitative descriptive design, based on 28 interviews with parents living in shared physical custody with their children. The qualitative study was analysed with inductive latent content analysis. Study I showed that lower levels of SHC and higher levels of SWB were associated with higher degrees of social capital in the family, school and neighbourhood. Social capital in family, school and neighbourhood had a cumulative influence on children’s SHC and SWB. In study II the participating parents described their own as well as the perceptions of their children and former partners. Parents’ perceptions changed from the beginning of shared physical custody, through the current situation, ending with perception of the future. The fifteen year old boys and girls (III) living in shared physical custody were more at risk of being a smoker or having been drunk compared with children living in two parent families. The results of sex <15 years and conduct problems showed that the risks didn’t differ significantly between these two groups. Study IV showed that children living in shared physical custody with their parents were more likely than children in two parent families to report multiple SHC, and low SWB. The variable of communication did not moderate the SHC and SWB of the children in any of these two groups. This thesis contribute with new and deeper understanding of the relatively new phenomenon: shared physical custody, and its associations to children’s mental health. The parent’s perceptions were an important complement to the children’s self reported health. In order to influence the decreasing mental health among children and adolescents, their opinions contributes to further understanding. Narratives from children, parents and practitioners are required in order to further study the association between children’s health outcomes and different family arrangements. Additional studies are needed to clarify how children’s mental health and different family arrangements are related to school, community economy, and society.Avhandlingens huvudsyfte var att studera barns mentala hälsa med fokus på familjekonstellationer. Fyra olika studier ligger till grund för avhandlingen (I-IV). Studie I, II och IV var kvantitativa studier med tvärsnittsdesign. Datamaterialet utgjordes av den svenska versionen av Health Behaviour in School- aged Children (HBSC) (Svenska skolbarns hälsovanor). De deltagande barnen var i åldrarna 11, 13 och 15 år. Datamaterialet analyserades med hjälp av multipel linjär regressions analys (I) samt multivariat logistisk regressionsanalys (III, IV). Studie II var av kvalitativ karaktär och baserades på 28 intervjuer med föräldrar som bodde växelvis boende med sina barn. Den kvalitativa studien analyserades med hjälp av induktiv latent innehållsanalys. Studie I visade att lägre nivåer av SHC (subjektiva hälsobesvär) och högre nivåer av SWB (subjektivt välbefinnande) hade ett samband med högre nivåer av socialt kapital i familjen, skolan och närområdet. Socialt kapital i familjen, skolan och närområdet hade en kumulativ effekt på barnens självrapporterade SHC och SWB. I studie två beskrev de deltagande föräldrarna sina egna upplevelser, samt upplevelser relaterat till barnen samt och den före detta partnern. Föräldrarnas upplevelser förändrades från den första tiden av växelvis boende till nuvarande situation och avslutades med tankar om framtiden. De växelvis boende femtonåriga pojkarna och flickorna i studie III rapporterade ökad risk för att vara såväl rökare som att ha varit berusade jämfört med 15- åringarna i traditionella familjer. Resultaten avseende sex <15 år samt beteendeproblem visade inga signifikanta skillnader mellan dessa två grupper. Studie IV visade att barn som bodde i växelvis boende rapporterade fler subjektiva hälsobesvär och lägre välbefinnande jämfört med barn i traditionella familjer. Kommunikationsvariabeln hade ingen modererande effekt på någon av dessa båda grupper. Föreliggande avhandling bidrar med såväl ny som fördjupad kunskap för det relativt nya fenomenet, växelvis boende, och dess relation till barns mentala hälsa. Föräldrarnas upplevelse var ett viktigt bidrag till barnens självrapporterade hälsa. För att kunna påverka barn och ungas rapporter om allt sämre mental hälsa, är deras åsikter ett viktigt inslag för ökade kunskaper inom området. Vi behöver barns, föräldrars och yrkesverksammas åsikter för att vidare kunna studera relationen mellan barns hälsoutfall och olika familjekonstellationer. Vi behöver också veta mer om olika familjekonstellationers relation till skolan, närområdet samt det övriga samhället.
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Cartwright, Mark E. "Psychoeducation among caregivers of children receiving mental health services." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1187029938.
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Krizova, Katarina. "ADHD CHILDREN AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE USE: MATERNAL DETERMINANTS." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/hes_etds/28.
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The current study investigated maternal determinants of mental health service use, namely, individual child therapy, among preadolescent children diagnosed with ADHD. The Behavioral Model of Health Care Utilization (Andersen, 2008) was used as a theoretical framework for the study. Data from the last three rounds of ECLS-K dataset were employed to test a longitudinal model using Bayesian analysis. Socio-demographic variables and maternal mental health were tested as exogenous variables and mother-child relationship variables, discipline variables, and perceived maternal concern about child’s overall behavior and child’s emotional symptoms were tested as intervening variables. Results showed that only maternal mental health remained in the model as an exogenous variable. The effect of mental health on child therapy was mediated by maternal aggravation and maternal concern about overall behavior in one path and by maternal concern about emotional symptoms in another path, suggesting that maternal mental health needs to be considered when attempting to understand help-seeking determinants. Both concern variables were found to have large direct effects on child therapy. The results of the current study showed the importance of maternal mental health and the importance of determinants related to mother-child relationship in a mother’s decision to seek therapy for a child.
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Brooks, Robert. "Occupational practice in children and young people's mental health." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2016. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/30195/.
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Introduction The use of occupation in occupational therapy has been regularly debated in the profession’s literature. More recently there has been a shift to consider occupation as the core construct of occupational therapy, which informs assessments, interventions and outcomes; this can be described as occupational practice. Studies exploring occupational practice have been limited; this study has sought to address this gap. Methods This was a mixed methods study. First, a United Kingdom survey of occupational therapy practice in children and young people’s mental health was conducted (n=27). The survey findings were analysed using descriptive statistics. The survey was used as a sampling platform for the second stage of the study. Underpinned by an ethnographic approach, the second study used an observer of participant, interview and document collection methods to explore occupational practice (n=2). A grounded theory approach was taken to data analysis. Findings The participants of the survey were 89% female, 49% were at a senior grade and 68% had been qualified for over 10 years. 81% worked in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services tier 3 or 4. 52% participants had an undergraduate degree in occupational therapy; 64% had no further specialist formal qualifications. Additional training in sensory integration therapy was reported by 34% of participants. The Model of Human Occupation was identified as the most frequently used model of practice. The Sensory Profile was the most regularly used assessment. The participants reported that their interventions commonly focused on talking style therapies, psycho-education and group work. The ethnographic study revealed a tension at the study sites between the medical psychological and occupational practice discourses. To manage this tension, the participants used a generic and profession-specific practice to negotiate being ‘one of the team’ and being a ‘real occupational therapist’. Enacting occupational practice included using the Model of Human Occupation, referrals for occupational problems, conducting assessments of occupation, concluding occupational formulations, and using occupation as an intervention. Interventions were characterised as ‘talking about doing’ or ‘doing occupation’ and utilised strategies such as modelling, goal setting and setting a challenge. Conclusion The survey has offered a snapshot of occupational therapy practice. This may help the profession understand the demography and practices of the participants. The Occupational Practice Model for Children and Young People’s Mental Health, which has emerged from the ethnographic findings of this study, is presented as a tool to guide the use of occupation at the level of theory, perspective and intervention. Further qualitative studies are recommended to support the study findings and a systematic review is suggested to examine occupational therapy interventions in the field.
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Zermeno, Andrea, and Maria Alejandra Perez. "Mental Health Services for Single Homeless Mothers with Children." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/829.
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Single mothers with young children living in poverty often experience various disadvantages, especially when they have mental health issues. They are a vulnerable population and face challenges such as poverty, homelessness, and low paying jobs. Homeless mothers and their children often have difficulty in finding means to survive and obtaining basic needs. The purpose of this study was to explore the quality and availability of mental health resources to homeless mother and their children. Ten participants were chosen outside of a homeless shelter in the City of Riverside. The study was a qualitative design conducted through face-to-face interviews.
This study found that most participants in the study have utilized mental health services in their life and most found the services adequate. However, when asked what services they needed the most, more than half of the participants stated needing housing, employment, and food. Less than half of the participants stated needing more mental health services like therapy or rehabilitation services. The study also revealed that half of the participants utilized mental health services for their children and another half have not. With regards to working with a social worker, only four of the ten participants have done so and said they were helpful. Although one stated it was a failure, the remaining five have never worked with a social worker or cannot recall doing so. As a social worker, it can be recommended to actively provide housing and employment resources for their clients that are in need of basic necessities to survive. Another recommendation is for the social worker to acquire their clients’ perception of their needs and working from there to obtain those needs.
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Cartwright, Mark. "Psychoeducation among caregivers of children receiving mental health services." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1187029938.
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Koudys, Julie. "Experiences of children with chronic illness: A qualitative evaluation of a children's mental skills program." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9027.
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Children with chronic illness are confronted with a variety of acute and chronic stressors. As a result, they require coping strategies that can be used successfully during extremely stressful situations. Mental skills training programs teach children stress management and relaxation techniques that may be used during stressful encounters. The primary purpose of this multiple case study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Orlick's Feeling Great Program in teaching children with chronic illness to deal successfully with stress and find highlights. Qualitative research methods were used to explore factors related to the process of learning mental skills, including types of skills used most often, the influence of context, and factors that effect skill development. Four children receiving treatment for cancer between the ages of 7--9 learned techniques such as muscle relaxation, diaphragm breathing and imagery. Data collection included participant observation, field notes, interview data and highlight journals. Program participants perceived the program to be effective in fostering the development of improved coping skills for use within a variety of situations. During acute stressors, such as painful medical procedures, children and parents reported fewer incidents of reactive coping behaviors, such as crying, and described an increased number of proactive coping responses, such as deep breathing. Furthermore, children learned to cope effectively with chronic stressors, such as feelings of anxiety, nausea and treatment side effects.
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Coomer, Rachel. "Experiences of parents of children with mental disability regarding access to mental health care." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6969_1319019499.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the challenges parents of children with mental health disabilities and disorders in Namibia face when attempting to access mental healthcare resources. The study used a qualitative exploratory approach. Purposive sampling was used to include parents, caregivers and relatives of children with metal health disabilities and disorders. The sample also included key informants. Data was collected through focus group discussions with the participants and individual interviews with the key informants. Overall, a total of 41 people provided information for this study. Thematic data analysis was used to assess the data. The results suggest that parents/caregivers and relatives of children with mental health disabilities and disorders do experience barriers accessing mental health care. The challenges go beyond commonly-reported problems in the literature such as stigma and discrimination and include basic challenges such as a lack of transportation to healthcare services and a lack of acceptance of the mental health disorders by the parents. The study offers recommendations for how service provision can be improved and how parents of children with mental health challenges can have better access to services.
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Coates, Rose. "Assessment of perinatal mental health problems." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/67082/.
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Mental health problems in pregnancy and the postnatal period can have long-term negative effects on women and their children. A key barrier to helping women in this period is the low level of identification of mental health problems. Depression has commonly been screened for using the Whooley Questions or Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) but women may experience a broad range of symptoms of distress not captured by these measures. The research reported in this dissertation was designed to address several aims. The first strand aimed to explore women's experiences of postnatal mental health problems and how they conceptualise their symptoms. The focus of the first qualitative study was the lived experience of 17 women who had experienced psychological distress in the first postnatal year, and used interpretative phenomenological analysis. The second qualitative study used thematic analysis with the same sample to explore different symptoms of distress and women's experiences of being assessed for these. The second strand reviewed and evaluated currently existing measures of commonly reported affective symptoms with a view to informing future assessment. A systematic review found a lack of measures of anxiety designed for or validated sufficiently with perinatal women. Factor analyses of the EPDS then explored the structure of depression and anxiety symptoms in the perinatal period in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (N = 11,195 – 12,166). Results suggested symptom clusters of anhedonia, depression and anxiety. Finally, validity of the CORE-10, a short measure of psychological distress was evaluated in a sample of 366 pregnant women. The CORE-10 showed promising psychometric properties. Anxiety was the most reported symptom. Overall findings suggest that perinatal women need to be assessed for a variety of mental health problems and that further work is needed to identify the most effective assessment tool and process.
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Fauble, Mandy A. "How Maternal Childhood Maltreatment Negatively Impacts Children’s Mental Health Outcomes Among Polysubstance Exposed Children." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1238242697.
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Bless, Stephanie Marcia. "Physical Activity in Nature and Children's Mental Health." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/506.
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The aim of this study was to determine if there is a relationship between children's physical activity and wellbeing, and if that relationship is enhanced by physical activity in nature. This study was a non-experimental retrospective multi-informant data review conducted at an outpatient pediatric psychiatric clinic in the Northeast. The theoretical framework used to guide this study was the Health Promotion Model, suggesting Advanced Practice Nursing investigate the relationship between health promoting behaviors and personal factors that support mental wellness in children and protect against mental illness. Data collected included age, sex, and exercise and wellbeing subsections of the Vermont Child Health and Behavior Questionnaire (VHBQ): Parent Reports and Self-reports for 11-21 year olds. Data from three sample groups were analyzed: parent participants (n=178, 61% male, 38% female), child participants (n=78, 51% male, 49% female), and parent-child pairs with sex determined by child (n-25, 60% male, 40% female). Physical activity was calculated using a metric for participation in sports.
Two sample t tests were used to analyze children's response to the question "do you participate in sports regularly?" in relation to wellbeing scores. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to investigate correlations between 1) parent reports of their children's physical activity and wellbeing, 2) children's self-reports of physical activity and wellbeing, 3) parent reports of their children's physical and children's self-reports of physical activity, and 4) parent reports of their children's wellbeing and children's self-reports of wellbeing.
Statistically significant results included positive correlations between parent reports of their children's physical activity and wellbeing item, "his/her living conditions are excellent" (r=.34, p=<0.001 for overall, r=.25, p=.002 for indoor, and r=.28, p=<0.001 for outdoor). Positive weak correlations were found between parent reports of their children's physical activity and scores on the VHBQ 10-point Worst Life/Best Life bar (r=.19, p=0.02 for overall and r=.17, p=.04 outdoor). Additionally, results showed significant strong positive correlations for all physical activities between parent reports of children's participation and children's self-report of participation (r=0.83, p=<0.001 for overall, r=0.85, p=<0.001 for indoor, and r=.67, p=0.02 for outdoor). However, only a single wellbeing item, "Compared with...most peer, [child] is less happy than they are", demonstrated statistically significant positive correlation (r=.48, p=0.03) when parent reports and self-reports of wellbeing were compared.
These results underscore the need for further research. Among professions, Advanced Practice Nurses may be best equipped to fully understand the lifestyle factors that promote children's mental health. Moreover, because of their background, training and employment settings, Advanced Practice Nurses could play an important role not only in initiating well-being research studies, but also in using the resultant information to develop educational resources and policy.
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Reedy, Joslyn. "The mental health conditions of Cambodian refugee children and adolescents." Connect to resource, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/25191.
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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2007.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 42 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 39-42). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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Bennett, Sophie D. "Mental health of children and young people with neurological conditions." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10039047/.
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Children and young people with neurological conditions have at least a five times greater risk of developing a mental health disorder than their otherwise healthy peers. Little is known about effective methods for treating mental health disorders in the context of a paediatric chronic physical illness, despite high unmet need and serious adverse consequences. The purpose of this thesis was to develop and evaluate a method of routine identification and treatment of common mental health disorders in children and young people with chronic neurological conditions, using an online diagnostic interview and telephone-guided self-help intervention. The thesis is formed of nine chapters. Chapter One presents an overview of the background and rationale for the research. Chapter Two presents a systematic review of interventions to treat mental health disorders in the context of chronic physical illness. This found that very little research has been conducted on this topic to date. Chapter Three reports on a meta-analysis of guided self-help interventions for common mental health disorders in children and young people, demonstrating that guided self-help interventions may be as effective as face-to-face interventions. The thesis then reports on the feasibility of a process of identification of mental health disorders, integrated into paediatric neurology clinics (Chapter Four). Finally, a modular guided self-help intervention was piloted through four case studies (Chapter Five) and then a pilot randomised controlled trial of 34 participants; Chapter Six reports the study protocol. The intervention was evaluated quantitatively, through standardised measures (Chapter Seven), and qualitatively through semi-structured interviews with participants (Chapter Eight). Overall, results demonstrate that the process of identification followed by a guided self-help intervention may be effective in working towards participants’ specific goals for therapy and that it is acceptable to most participants. The clinical implications are discussed and suggestions for further research proposed in Chapter Nine.
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Arcelus, Jon. "Psychiatric disorders in children attending a primary mental health service." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31219.
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A number of child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) have established primary mental health worker (PMHW) posts. Their objective is to enhance service provision on the interface between primary care and specialists services. This is to be achieved by a combination of direct assessment and intervention, in addition to consultation, training, liaison, and joint work with Tier 1 professionals.;The aim of this study was to describe socio-demographic characteristics, and the rates of psychiatric disorders of the children attending the primary mental Health Service. The K-SDAS-P IVR semi-structured interview, the Eyberg Behavioural Inventory, and the Parental Stress Index were used to collect this information. During the year of the study, 427 children were referred to the Primary Mental Health Service. Of these referrals, 117 (27.4%) were allocated for direct work. From the 117 cases, 97 children and their families agreed to participate in the study. Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) was the most common diagnosis. Other diagnoses were Anxiety (39.2%), Mood (35.1%) and Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorders (28.9%). There was a substantial rate of psychiatric co-morbidity, as 61.8% of the children who participated in the study fulfilled diagnostic criteria for more than one diagnosis. The study also found that 76% of their parents had clinically significant stress levels.;It is concluded that children and adolescents attending Primary mental health Services often have complex psychiatric disorders, which may be masked by behavioural problems. Training in the recognition of likely psychiatric co-morbidity and integration of PMHWs in specialist CAMHS are important implications in the planning and implementation of such services.
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Fauble, Mandy A. "How Maternal Childhood Maltreatment Negatively Impacts Children⁰́₉s Mental Health Outcomes Among Polysubstance Exposed Children." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1238242697.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2009Title from PDF (viewed on 26 May 2009) Includes abstract Mandel School of Applied Sciences (Social Welfare) Includes bibliographical references and appendices Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center
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Mueller, J. "Parents' communication to their primary school-aged children about mental health and ill-health." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2012. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/11175/.
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Although it is understood that stigma about mental ill-health emerges in middle childhood, and that parental communications are highly influential in children’s developing attitudes, almost nothing is known about the messages parents communicate to young children about mental health problems and how these might contribute to the perpetuation of stigma. This study aimed to address this gap in the literature by exploring parents' communications to their primary-school aged children around mental health and ill-health. Semi structured interviews were carried out with ten parents of children aged 7-11. Data collection and analysis was performed according to a Grounded Theory approach; a theoretical model was developed. The model highlights factors that govern parents’ communications to children about mental health issues, and the impact of this on communication purpose and approach. Parents’ communications were governed by the extent to which parents’ representations of ‘Them’ (mental illness) and ‘Us’ (mental health) overlapped or remained distinct. Communications about mental health were deliberate, comfortable, and aimed to promote child wellbeing, whilst unconscious processes driven by taboo meant communications about mental illness were characterized by avoidance, awkwardness, and ambivalence. Factors such as parent experiences, communication context, and child characteristics, fluidly influenced parents’ overlap of ‘Them’ and ‘Us’, and hence the purpose and approach of their communications to their children. Parents’ context-dependent conceptualizations of mental health and ill-health mean children are receiving complex verbal and non-verbal messages from parents, which may contribute to children’s development of stigmatized views via conscious and unconscious processes. Interventions and policy that harness parents’ existing understandings of mental wellbeing to promote a spectrum model of mental health and ill-health may lead to more open parent-child communication, increased help-seeking, and reduced stigma.
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Gustafsson, Per E. "Psychosocial Stress, Mental Health and Salivary Cortisol in Children and Adolescents." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Barn- och ungdomspsykiatri, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15686.
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Stressful experiences and conditions in childhood influence the health and well-being of the growing individual, and can also confer a long-lasting impact into adult life. Delineating the social, mental and biological aspects of stress in children and adolescents is therefore of great concern for human beings. Despite these notions, much knowledge is lacking regarding stress in childhood. This thesis aimed at examining diverse aspects of stress in children and adolescents: associations between social conditions, traumatic life events, mental health, and salivary cortisol as a measure of the activity of a major physiological stress system. Cross-sectional samples included two non-clinical samples of school-aged children (N=240-336) and adolescents (N =400), and two clinical samples of children with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (N =23) and adolescents who had experienced childhood abuse (N =15). Main measures were salivary cortisol sampled three times a day, and questionnaires to teachers, parents and children with questions about each child’s mental health, traumatic life events and about the socioeconomic situation of the parents. The main findings include observation of 1) higher cortisol levels in children with a moderate level of psychosocial burden (low socioeconomic status, immigrant family, social impairment of mental health problems), 2) higher cortisol levels in children with OCD who also displayed a tendency to decreasing cortisol in the face of an acute stressor, and 3) cortisol was positively related to mental health problems in abused adolescents. Furthermore, the deleterious effect of 4) traumatic events involving a social dimension, interpersonal traumas, and 5) cumulative traumatic events, polytraumatization, on the mental health of children and adolescents was indicated. The findings are discussed with respect to the complex interactions between social, mental and biological aspects of children and adolescents. The consequences of adverse experiences in childhood may represent pathways to future health problems. Consideration of the social circumstances in childhood might in the future guide public health policies and the identification of target groups for preventive interventions as well as leading to improvements in treatment for children exposed to severe stress.
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Khalife, Natasha, Vivette Glover, Anna-Liisa Hartikainen, Anja Taanila, Hanna Ebeling, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, and Alina Rodriguez. "Placental Size Is Associated with Mental Health in Children and Adolescents." Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-17060.
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Background: The role of the placenta in fetal programming has been recognized as a highly significant, yet often neglected area of study. We investigated placental size in relation to psychopathology, in particular attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, in children at 8 years of age, and later as adolescents at 16 years. Methodology/Principal Findings: Prospective data were obtained from The Northern Finland Birth Cohort (NFBC) 1986. Placental weight, surface area and birth weight were measured according to standard procedures, within 30 minutes after birth. ADHD symptoms, probable psychiatric disturbance, antisocial disorder and neurotic disorder were assessed at 8 years (n = 8101), and ADHD symptoms were assessed again at 16 years (n = 6607), by teachers and parents respectively. We used logistic regression analyses to investigate the association between placental size and mental health outcomes, and controlled for gestational age, birth weight, socio-demographic factors and medical factors, during gestation. There were significant positive associations between placental size (weight, surface area and placental-to-birth-weight ratio) and mental health problems in boys at 8 and 16 years of age. Increased placental weight was linked with overall probable psychiatric disturbance (at 8y, OR = 1.14 [95% CI = 1.04-1.25]), antisocial behavior (at 8 y, OR = 1.14 [95% CI = 1.03-1.27]) and ADHD symptoms (inattention-hyperactivity at 16y, OR = 1.19 [95% CI = 1.02-1.38]). No significant associations were detected among girls. Conclusions/Significance: Compensatory placental growth may occur in response to prenatal insults. Such overgrowth may affect fetal development, including brain development, and ultimately contribute to psychopathology.
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Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike, Nora Wille, Michael Erhart, Susanne Bettge, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen, Aribert Rothenberger, Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann, et al. "Prevalence of mental health problems among children and adolescents in Germany." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-106412.
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Background: Over the past decades the public health relevance of mental health conditions in children and adolescents has been of growing concern. However, so far no detailed epidemiological data has been available for a representative national sample in Germany.
Objectives: The present paper reports prevalence rates of general and specific mental health problems among children and adolescents in Germany and describes the link between symptoms and impairment as well as the treatment situation.
Methods: The mental health module (BELLA study) examines mental health problems in a representative sub-sample of 2,863 families with children aged 7–17 from the National Health Interview and Examination Survey among Children and Adolescents (KiGGS). Mental health problems were determined using the extended version of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ). Further standardised screening measures were employed to screen for anxiety disorders (SCARED), conduct disorder (CBCL), attention deficit-/ hyperactivity disorder (FBBHKS, Conners’ Scale) and depressive disorders (CES-DC). Furthermore, substance abuse and suicidal tendencies were assessed. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and health care use were determined. Results Overall, 14.5% of the children and adolescents aged 7–17 fulfilled the criteria for at least one specific mental health problem associated with impairment, or had an overall mental health problem indicated by an abnormal SDQ score and present impairment. However, high comorbidity was found in the children concerned. Symptoms of overall mental health problems were present in 8.6% of the children and 6.6% of the adolescents. This number was reduced to prevalence rates of 6.3 and 4.9% when additional impairment was taken as a criterion. Irrespective of the type of disorder, fewer than half of the children affected were reported as receiving treatment. However, for those suffering from mental health problems, large impairments in HRQoL were observed.
Conclusions: The observed prevalence of mental health problems as well as their large impact on well-being and functioning calls for early prevention. This is especially important with regard to the large decrease in HRQoL in the children and adolescents affected.
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Dasgupta, Kabir. "Essays on Mental Health and Behavioral Outcomes of Children and Youth." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/394605.
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EconomicsPh.D.
This dissertation incorporates three essays related to youth’s health and human capital outcomes. The first two essays investigate the impacts of important public policies on adolescents’ mental health and risky behavioral outcomes. Essay three examines the effects of mothers’ non-cognitive skills on children’s home environment qualities and their cognitive and behavioral outcomes. Domestic violence is a large public issue in the United States. Chapter 1 investigates the effectiveness of warrantless arrest laws enacted by states for domestic violence incidents on multiple youth mental and behavioral outcomes. Under these laws, police officers can arrest a suspect without a warrant even if they did not witness the crime. Although young women remain at the highest risk of victimization of domestic violence, children ages 3 to 17 years are also at elevated risk for domestic violence. Further, over 15 million children witness domestic violence in their homes every year in the United States. Exposure to domestic violence is associated with various social, emotional, behavioral, and health-related problems among youth. Using variation in timing of implementation of the arrest laws across states, I utilize differences-in-differences analyses in multiple, large-scale data sets of nationally representative samples of youth population to study the impact of the laws on a number of youth mental and behavioral outcomes. Results indicate the presence of heterogeneity with respect to the impact of states’ arrest laws on the outcomes studied. The study is useful for policymakers as it provides important evidence on the effectiveness of state measures designed to reduce domestic violence. The estimates obtained in the analyses are robust to multiple sensitivity checks to address key threats to identification. Chapter 2 empirically examines the effects of state cyberbullying laws on youth outcomes with respect to measures of school violence, mental health, and substance use behavior. Electronic form of harassment or cyberbullying is a large social, health, and education issue in the United States. In response to cyberbullying, most state governments have enacted electronic harassment or cyberbullying law as a part of their bullying prevention law. The analysis uses variation in the timing of implementation of cyberbullying laws across states as an exogenous source of variation. Using nationally representative samples of high-school teenagers from national and state Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, the study finds evidence of a positive relationship between adoption of cyberbullying laws and students’ reporting of certain experiences of school violence, mental health problems, and substance use activities. Regression analyses also study the effects of some important components of state cyberbullying laws. Finally, this study examines the sex-specific impacts of cyberbullying laws and its components on youth. The causal estimates are robust to the inclusion of multiple sensitivity checks. This study provides evidence on the efficacy of public measures designed to address cyberbullying among school-age children. Chapter 3 utilizes matched data from National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth (NLSY79) and Children and Young Adults (NLSY79 CYA), to estimate the impact of mothers’ self-esteem on young children’s home environment qualities that enhance early childhood cognitive functioning and extend better emotional support. The estimates suggest that mothers with higher self-esteem provide better home environment to their children during early stages of childhood. The results are robust across different estimation methods, empirical specifications, and demographic groups. This study also finds that mothers with higher self-esteem are more likely to engage in parental practices that support young children’s cognitive and emotional development. Further analysis shows that mothers' self-esteem has a causal relationship with cognitive and behavioral outcomes of school-age children. The results obtained in this study indicate that early childhood development policies directed towards enhancement of non-cognitive skills in mothers can improve children’s human capital outcomes.
Temple University--Theses
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Hockaday, Harriet. "Psychological correlates of mental health outcomes in looked after preschool children." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33139.
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Background: Children who enter foster care usually do so because of maltreatment by their birth families. Early adversity such as this is associated with many negative outcomes, including disturbances of attachment and mental health in childhood and throughout the lifespan. Young children (under 5) are particularly at risk due to maltreatment rates being highest in this age range, and because of the vital brain development that occurs during this time. Improving the quality of existing relationships for young children is the most cost effective way to improve mental health outcomes. It is important that research investigates which relational and psychological variables that exist within the foster carer-child relationship may be protective against developing negative mental health outcomes, so as to inform carer training and future interventions for this vulnerable group. Aims: The aims of this research project were twofold. The first aim was to systematically review the existing literature on links between foster carer psychological variables (such as commitment to their foster child), and/or child psychological variables (such as their attachment style), and the mental health outcomes of children in foster care. The second aim was to investigate whether foster carer acceptance, commitment, awareness of influence and reflective functioning (RF) predict the mental health outcomes of Scottish preschool aged children who are looked after in foster care. Method: A systematic review of the existing literature was undertaken to address the first aim. The search strategy resulted in 12 quantitative studies that investigated links between child or carer psychological variables and child mental health outcomes. An empirical study of 179 pre-school aged children in foster care in Scotland was carried out to address the second aim. Participants were taking part in a wider RCT of a novel intervention to improve outcomes and permanency decisions for children in foster care. Foster carer acceptance, commitment, and awareness of influence was assessed using the This Is My Baby Interview, and scores of RF were coded from the transcripts of this interview using a computer-based algorithm. Child mental health information was gathered using the Infant Toddler Social Emotional Assessment. Data was gathered at 2 time points; baseline assessments occurred around 4 weeks after entry to care, and follow-up assessments were carried out a year later. Results: The systematic review found good evidence that foster child attachment security is linked to more positive mental health outcomes. It also found some evidence suggesting that foster carer psychological variables such as commitment and quality of caregiving also relate to child mental health outcomes, but this research is in its infancy and it is therefore difficult to draw firm conclusions around this. The results of the empirical study showed that carer commitment and awareness of influence predict child competence at baseline, and RF predicts internalising and externalising problems at follow up. No predictive relationships were found between carer variables and child mental health over time. Conclusion: The results from both studies suggest that carer psychological variables such as commitment to their foster child may relate to child mental health development. These results have implications in terms of foster carer training, and for intervention development for this vulnerable population. This research is however in its infancy, and the results suggest a complex picture with regard to carer psychological variables and child mental health. Large-scale high quality longitudinal research is needed to provide a clear understanding of these relationships.
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Goodman, Anna. "Why do British Indian children have an apparent mental health advantage?" Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2009. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/942773/.
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The British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Surveys (B-CAMHS) of 1999 and 2004 found a substantially lower prevalence of any child mental disorder in Indians compared to the general population (3.4% vs. 9.4%, p<0.001). This PhD sought to understand this apparent Indian mental health advantage through secondary analyses comparing the 16 449 White and 419 Indian children aged 5-16 in B-CAMHS. There was strong evidence (p<0.002) of an Indian advantage for externalising problems/disorders and little or no difference for internalising problems. This was consistently observed for clinical diagnosis and for the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) administered separately to parents, teachers and children. Detailed psychometric analyses provided no evidence that measurement bias could account for this observed Indian advantage. There was likewise no evidence that the advantage could be explained by participation bias. In multivariable analyses the unexplained difference between Indians and Whites for externalising problems decreased somewhat after adjusting for the fact that Indian children were more likely to live in two-parent families (92.2% vs. 65.4%) and less likely to have academic difficulties (e.g. 2.9% vs. 8.6% for parent-reported learning difficulties). In models adjusting for a larger number of child, family, school and area variables the difference reduced only by about a quarter (e.g. from 1.08 to 0.75 SDQ points on the parent SDQ) and remained highly significant (p<0.001). In both unadjusted and adjusted models, the unexplained Indian advantage for externalising problems was consistently larger in families of low SEP. There was little or no evidence of an ethnic difference for internalising problems/disorders in unadjusted or adjusted models. In conclusion, the Indian mental health advantage is genuine and is specific to externalising problems/disorders. Family type and academic abilities mediate part of this advantage, but most of the advantage is not explained by major child mental health risk factors.
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Williams, Laura. "Experiences of single fathers whose children have used mental health services." Thesis, University of East London, 2015. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/4535/.
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Background: While much research has been conducted with single mothers, comparatively little has been undertaken with single-father families. Research done with this minority group has tended to focus on the ways in which this family structure is associated with disadvantage and poorer psychological outcomes for fathers and children, where gender tends to be discussed in individualistic or simplistic terms. Therefore, little is known about how these contexts affect single fathers’ day-to-day experiences and their experiences of parenting children who present with psychological distress. Method: Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with eight men identifying as single fathers and parenting children accessing mental health services. Thematic analysis of the data was guided by Braun and Clarke’s (2006) six phase approach and was underpinned by a critical realist epistemology. Results: Five themes showed issues pertinent to this group as; a) negotiating gendered representations of single-fathering; b) feeling excluded by these and isolated and lonely in the context of finding it harder to socialise and form romantic relationships; c) feeling the ‘weight’ of responsibility for children and negotiating the role of the father in the context of single-parenthood and children’s distress; d) (struggling to) make meaning of and manage distress and not coping; and e) experiences with children’s services that prevent or enable access and the ways in which the power of professionals transcends this issue to define ‘good’ parenting. Conclusions: Findings are discussed with reference to the gender and parenting literature and their implications for future research and clinical practice.
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Gramlich, Theresa. "Children Raised by Homosexual Parents: Sexual Orientation, Mental & Sexual Health." TopSCHOLAR®, 1989. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2406.
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Sex and morals have often been factors in custody disputes. Courts have felt that giving custody of children to homosexual parents would create an environment not in the best interest of the child. Many mental health professionals argue that these decisions have been based on prejudice and homophobia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate research on the sexual orientation of children raised by homosexual parents and review data on the mental/psychosexual health of these children. These studies revealed no difference between children raised by gay/lesbian parents versus those raised by heterosexual parents on IQ scores, gender identity, or peer group relations. Daughters raised by lesbian mothers tended to choose more masculine toys and engage in more masculine activities than daughters raised by single heterosexual mothers. Nearly all of the adolescent children of homosexual parents experienced periods of questioning their sexual orientation. They also expressed the possibility of changing their sexual orientation later in life. Problems in research methodology (i.e., pre-experimental designs and lack of external validity) however, severely limit the validity and generalizability of these conclusions. Given the absence of externally valid, rigorous research on the relationship between homosexual parents and the sexual orientation of their children, these authors conclude that this question remains unanswered. These authors argue that custodial decisions regarding children of homosexual parents be based on sound information in the best interest of both children and parents and not rooted in homophobia.
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Moser, Michele R., and K. Keen. "Collaborative Systems for Children with Complex Physical and Mental Health Needs." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4995.
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Ceron, Janett. "Barriers Among Latino Children in Accessing and Utilizing Mental Health Services." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/512.
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Latino children make up the largest ethnic group in the United States today. Latino children are also the ethnic group less likely to access and utilize mental health services. As a result, Latino children have higher rates of unmet mental health needs. There is limited research focusing on the mental health services needs of Latino children and lack of access and use of such services. This qualitative study explored barriers among Latino children in accessing and utilizing mental health services. This study conducted face-to-face and Skype interviews with eight mental health providers who work or have worked with Latino children with mental health needs. The eight interviews were transcribed and analyzed to identify common themes regarding barriers Latino children face in accessing and utilizing mental health services in participant responses. The major themes identified by this study included: cultural values, insurance, socioeconomic status, lack of bilingual providers, agency days and hours of operation, immigration status, and lack of awareness of mental health. Through identifying such barriers, this study may raise social worker awareness of barriers Latino children face and better equip social workers to plan and implement approaches to address identified barriers in efforts to increase Latino children’s access and use of mental health services to meet their mental health needs.
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Polaha, Jodi. "Parents’ Perceived Stigma Around Accessing Mental Health Services for Their Children." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6702.
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Young, Matthew E. "Comparison of Diagnostic Interviews for Children Accessing Outpatient Mental Health Services." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1274748739.
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Hadleigh, Liana. "Living with a parent with mental health needs what children say." Thesis, University of East London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536624.
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The parenting role of people with mental health needs has historically been neglected by both the research literature and mental health services. With developments in societal attitudes and mental health policies, recognition of people with mental health needs as parents and interest in this area has increased. The literature that followed has focused on the negative outcomes for children with a parent with mental health needs. More recent developments have given consideration to the children who do not experience negative outcomes and factors that facilitate this. Few studies have asked children about their experiences and those that have mainly focus on adolescents and those identified as young carers. Children are not a homogenous group and a mainly adolescent perspective in the literature cannot be assumed to represent younger children's experiences. This study aimed to understand how younger children talk about their experience of living with a parent with mental health needs and if they identified any positive aspects to this. It was hoped this would contribute to the expanding literature that has explored strengths within these families. Seven children aged between seven and eleven years old were interviewed. The data was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The following four themes were identified from the children's experiences; making sense of mental health needs, the direct impact of mental health needs, making use of relationships and adaptation to parental mental health needs. Children developed their own explanations of parental mental health needs and used narratives based on "normal" understandings to manage the impact of these on them. Family relationships were both strained and a source of support for children and children played an important role in helping their family adapt to parental mental health needs. Implications for services and further research are discussed.
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Ohaeri, Frances Ahunna. "Parental satisfaction with child mental health services." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3343.
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The purpose of this study was to identify to what degree specific factors influence the level of satisfaction experienced by foster parents whose foster children are recieving mental health services from agencies that they have been referred to by a Coming of Age Foster Family Agency.
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Airhia, Earnest E. "Predicting Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children with Prior Mental Health Diagnoses." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/564.
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Hurricane Katrina devastated the U.S. Gulf Coast and subjected the city of New Orleans to disastrous flooding, which resulted in numerous after effects that impacted the children and adolescents of the city. The disaster contributed to high levels of stress, increased risk of psychological disorders, and was associated with an increased percentage of New Orleans children presenting symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To help address these problems associated with hurricanes and other disasters, the current study investigated how age, gender, race, and pre-existing conditions increased or decreased the likelihood of a child being diagnosed with PTSD following Hurricane Katrina. A binary logistical regression was utilized in this study. Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory formed the framework of the study, based on the functionality of an individual's life and development in his or her environment. The findings revealed age to be a significant predictor on PTSD. As children's ages increase, the likelihood of having PTSD increases. The result can promote positive social change by providing mental healthcare professionals with comprehensive information regarding possible health risk of developing PTSD and the possibilities of getting treatment with evidence-based therapeutic support, medicine, and psychotherapy.
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Rodriguez, Dana. "Misdiagnosis of Trauma in Children and Youth: Implications for Mental Health Professionals." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/706.
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Licensed mental health professionals (LMHPs) have an important role in ethically assessing, diagnosing, and applying a treatment plan for children and youth who have Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, studies indicate symptoms of trauma among children and youth who have been exposed to or were the direct victim of violence may go undetected and, thus, result in the misdiagnosis of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Misdiagnosis of mental disorders could be detrimental to the very clients LMHPs seek to help. The expertise of LMHPs is essential in differentiating PTSD symptoms from that of ADHD. It is unclear why children and youth with PTSD continue to be misdiagnosed. This research aimed to explore factors associated with the inability of LMHPs to accurately diagnose children and youth who suffer from PTSD. In this qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven LMHPs in southern California. Results from thematic analysis of the data revealed—among other themes—that (1) confusion about PTSD and ADHD symptoms, (2) lack of experience, and (3) lack of familiarity with clients are the primary reasons for misdiagnosis of trauma in children and youth. Understanding how children and youth manifest their mental health disorders, and seeking continuous assessment can eventually help LMHPs make the right call. Implications for the field of mental health were discussed.
Keywords: children and youth, post-traumatic stress disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, licensed mental health professional
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Ligthelm, Elizabeth. "Parental mental health and perceived parenting of children with disruptive behaviour disorders." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013.
Find full textAbstract:
Disruptive behaviour disorders (DBDs) in children are among the most common referrals to mental health services and can lead to adverse psychosocial outcomes. There is consistent evidence that dysfunctional parenting, which has been associated with parental psychopathology, is a risk factor for the onset of these disorders. Yet, few studies have explored a wide range of parental pathology and parenting behaviours as well as perceptions of mental health and parenting of the parents of children with DBDs. This study, which took the form of a multiple case study, aimed to explore and describe the mental health and parenting of parents of pre-adolescent and adolescent children with DBDs. It also aimed to explore and describe parental perceptions of their own mental health and parenting and how (or if) they perceive their mental health as influencing their parenting. Purposive sampling was used to select participants and the sample size was determined through data saturation. Data was collected via the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory and a semi-structured interview. Thematic content analysis and cross-case synthesis were used to analyse the data. The participants’ personality profiles indicated the presence of moderate to severe pathology including personality disorders and clinical disorders. Parenting themes that emerged included a number of dysfunctional parenting behaviours. The parents showed an awareness of their mental health and perceived it as influencing their parenting. This study emphasised the importance of exploring mental health and parenting interventions for parents of children with DBDs. The biggest limitations of this study was the small sample size.
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Le, Thien Thanh. "Resilience and mental health in parents of children surviving Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for sosialt arbeid og helsevitenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-14882.
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Our main findings in the present study are that parents of children surviving leukaemia have in general an average level of resilience. Regarding mental health, fathers show more mental health symptoms. Fathers struggle with depression and anxiety, while mothers show no such symptoms. Despite showing symptoms for depression and anxiety, fathers are still capable of being structured and having social competence in the daily life. The same goes for mothers who manage future planning well. As a result, the first hypothesis which stated that parents of ALL children had weaker resilience, as well as the second hypothesis about the relationship between high resilience and good mental health can be rejected. The course of childhood cancer is not predictable for either children or parents. Some children respond rapidly to treatment, and have a relatively smooth course, while others go through a tough time and experience more difficulties. Parents’ physical and mental health also fluctuates during the active cancer period. The child and the parents affect each other by their adaption and coping style. Besides researchers and health care professionals, other parents and family members in the same situation, will also gain from new knowledge about protective factors and other factors that might lead to or strengthening ones’ resiliency and mental.
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McCrae, Julie S. Barth Richard P. "Identifying and meeting the needs of maltreated children with mental health problems." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,773.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.Title from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 18, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Social Work." Discipline: Social Work; Department/School: Social Work.
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Koeslich, Svenja. "Mental Health Presentations of Clinic‐Referred Children in Out-of‐Home Care." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Health Science, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6496.
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This dissertation examines the mental health presentations of clinic-referred children in state ordered out-of-home care and compares these to the presentations of clinic-referred children from the general population. The results of this study will inform the design of a more comprehensive research project assessing the differences between the psychopathology of clinic-referred children in out-of-home care and children from the general population. The overall goal is for researchers and clinicians to be able to better understand the underlying determinisms of the psychopathology of children in out-of-home care.
Three samples were used for the between-group comparisons. The Children in Care Study (CICS) sample consists of 213 clinic-referred children in out-of-home care between the ages of four and eleven years. Firstly, this group was compared to 800 clinic-referred children, between six and eleven years, from the general population. For this analysis, the CICS sample was adjusted to match this group’s age range. Secondly, the entire CICS sample was compared to 1201 clinic-referred children, between the ages of four and eleven, from the general population. Mental health presentations were measured using the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). A within-subject comparison was conducted comparing the CICS sample’s CBCL DSM-oriented scores to the children’s caregiver-reported diagnosis.
Results indicated that clinic-referred children in care presented with significantly fewer internalising symptoms than clinic-referred children from the general population. Clinic-referred children in care displayed greater correlations among their CBCL subscale scores than other clinic-referred children, which may suggest greater symptom complexity. Additionally, there appeared to be poor concordance between caregiver-reported psychiatric diagnoses and CBCL DSM-oriented scores for clinic-referred children in out-of-home care.
Overall, the mental health presentations measured by the CBCL indicated that the differences between the two populations were relatively small in terms of their severity. However, clinic-referred children in care presented with less severe internalising problems
than other clinic-referred children. Further research is needed to explore the issues underlying diagnostic dis-concordance and the complexity of the mental health presentations of children in state ordered care.
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Huermann, Rosalia Rodriguez. "Dreamwork with Children: Perceptions and Practice of School-Based Mental Health Professionals." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2007. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1237.
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Forty nine public school mental health practitioners (i.e., school counselors, school psychologists, and school social workers) completed a survey about working with dreams when counseling students. Most practitioners in this sample reported having at least one student bring up dreams during counseling and spent some time in counseling working with students' dreams. Practitioners addressed dreams more frequently in situations where the student was having troubling dreams or nightmares, and/or was dealing with death and grief. They also acknowledged working with dreams with students who were diagnosed with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, were emotionally disturbed, suffered from recurrent dreams, were depressed, and had learning disabilities. This study shows that practitioners were less likely to talk about dreams with students who had adjustment disorders, psychosis, were oppositional or ill, struggled with substance abuse problems, or had eating disorders. Furthermore, most practitioners indicated receiving no training and did not feel competent to work with children's dreams. However, most surveyed practitioners were interested in learning more about dreams in general.
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Fernandes, Blossom. "Executive functions, emotion regulation and mental health problems in children and adolescents." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2017. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/executive-functions-emotion-regulation-and-mental-health-problems-in-children-and-adolescents(fbccf532-7347-41ee-b15a-7422f2904d34).html.
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Executive functions (EF) are crucial for creativity, flexibility, self-control and discipline. A growing body of research distinguish EF by two processes; these include cool EF (abstract and decontextualised processes) and hot EF (affective and motivational decision making). Emotion regulation (ER) is important for maintaining internal arousal, allowing for flexible affective expression where necessary. Research shows that EF and ER are closely related, yet literature measuring the relationship between EF and specific ER strategies is limited. The first study therefore sought to determine the distinct nature of cool and hot EF and its relationship to ER using a cross sectional design approach. Children (7-11 years), adolescents (12-17 years) and young adults (18-24 years) participated in the first study (n = 250). This study also examined how EF and ER are associated to behavioural and emotional difficulties. The results from this study show that hot EF scores were poor for adolescents compared to young adults. These findings were similar for emotion regulation strategies, where adolescents were less likely to employ adaptive emotion regulation skills compared to older participants. Moreover cool EF was found to be positively correlated with adaptive ER in adolescence, whereas hot EF positively correlated with adaptive ER strategies in young adults. For the final study, the impact of a cognitive behavioural therapy based intervention programme ("Super Skills for Life"; Essau et al., 2014) was tested in a sample of 41 children with behavioural and emotional difficulties to assess whether EF and emotion regulation strategies could be improved, and reduce emotional and behavioural problems. Results revealed a reduction in emotional difficulties, and maladaptive ER strategies catastrophising and other blame; however no significant improvements were found for hot EF and behavioural difficulties, suggesting that an alternative or rigorous programme would be beneficial in improving hot EF. Overall the present studies indicate that there is a relationship between EF and distinct emotion regulation strategies in different age groups and how this is implicated in behavioural and emotional problems. Secondly the intervention study showed that the Super Skills Programme was successful in reducing maladaptive ER and improving cool EF. This research highlights the need for examining EF and ER further in clinical populations and the effectiveness of this intervention in a larger sample.
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Allmon, Allison Leigh. "To tell or not to tell : disclosing mental health diagnoses to children." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1423.
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This online analogue study examined psychologists' current mental health diagnoses disclosure practices to children. Specifically, this dissertation investigated participants' self reported likelihood to disclose mental health diagnoses in relation to both psychologist (i.e., clinical services provided and years of clinical service) and client (culture, age, cognitive ability) characteristics. Forty-seven certified American Board of Professional Psychology (ABPP) Psychologists were recruited via email listserv for this research. Participants rated their likelihood to disclose mental health diagnoses to vignettes depicting children with varying demographic characteristics: culture, age, and cognitive ability. Participants also responded to open-ended questions exploring their current mental health diagnosis disclosure practices, including the impact of specific diagnoses on disclosure.
Analyses of open-ended questions revealed that psychologists consider the following factors in their decision to disclose diagnoses: (1) child characteristics (i.e., age, culture, cognitive ability, maturity, developmental and functioning level), (2) support (family, social, therapeutic relationship), (3) personal beliefs about disclosure, (4) diagnostic characteristics (e.g., prevalence, public familiarity, current biological evidence, stigma), (5) how to provide a supportive disclosure (e.g., kid friendly language), and (6) potential benefits. Combined open-ended and quantitative results provide empirical support suggesting that psychologists, like psychiatrists and pediatricians, are more likely to disclose diagnoses to: (a) children of an American culture than those of a Chinese-American culture, (b) older (16 years old) children rather than younger children (6 years old), and (c) children with an intellectual ability in the Superior Range rather than those with an IQ in the Borderline Range. Psychologists' years of clinical experience also significantly predicted their disclosure practice. Psychologists with between 13-31 years clinical experience reported more diagnosis disclosure to children than did participants with 32 years or more of clinical service when presented with a client who was of an American decent, 16 years old, or had an intellectual ability in the Superior Range. The services that psychologists provide (i.e., counseling, diagnostic evaluations, or both) did not significantly predict disclosure practices. Taken together, the findings of this study may be the first step to facilitate the development of evidenced based guidelines for the disclosure of mental health diagnoses to children.
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Perrotta, Maria Lynn. "Anxiety and Healthcare Utilization Among Mothers of Children With Mental Health Disorders." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3717.
Full textAbstract:
Anxiety can influence an individual's decision-making process; however, researchers have yet to establish whether anxiety has an impact on the healthcare utilization practices of mothers of children with a mental health diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to assess whether trait anxiety, coping styles, and self-efficacy in mothers of children with a mental health diagnosis affected their healthcare utilization decisions. The transactional model of stress and coping was used to analyze the impact of children with mental health disorders on their caretakers. For this study, a quantitative, cross-sectional research design was employed. The 4 survey tools, administered through SurveyMonkey.com as well as in paper form, included the Brief COPE, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults (STAID-AD), Health Self-Efficacy Measure, and Healthcare Utilization Questionnaire. Study participants (N = 152) were mothers primarily ages 30-49 years (90.8%), Caucasian (57.9%), and high school graduates (63.2%) who were residents of Lawrence County, Pennsylvania. Mothers reported their children were primarily ages 3-6 years (34.2%), Caucasian (49.3%), had a mental health diagnosis, were living in the home, and were currently in mental health treatment. The outcomes of a binary logistic regression found that trait anxiety did not have a significant impact on healthcare utilization. A Sobel test of mediation indicated that coping styles and self-efficacy were not mediating variables between trait anxiety and healthcare utilization. The implications for positive social change as a result of this research may lead to the training of healthcare providers on the specific characteristics of mothers of children with a mental health diagnosis and the development of social policies concerning healthcare utilization.
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Leon, Gabriel Lee. "Empowering parents of children with Autism A grant proposal." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1523312.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this project was to develop and fund a combination of support groups and respite component for parents and caregivers who have children with Autism. The Host Agency that was able to best fit the criteria of this project was Piecing Together, a division of Autism Treatment Services in Tracy, California.
After an in-depth review of the literature on Autism, it was determined by the grant writer that there was a great need to provide more family support to supplement Applied Behavioral Analysis services. A thorough search for potential funding sources led to the California Wellness Foundation as the funding source for this project. A grant application was composed to support this project.
Actual submission and/or funding of the grant were not required for the successful completion of this project.
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Ducharme, Simon. "Neuroanatomical correlates of Child Behavior Checklist Aggressive Behavior scores in typically developing children." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104779.
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Background: The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), orbito-frontal cortex (OFC) and basal ganglia have been implicated in the neurobiology of pathological aggression. They are thought to be the structures involved in top-down regulation of impulses from the limbic system. This study aimed at identifying neuroanatomical correlates of impulsive aggression in healthy children. Methods: Data from 193 representative 6-18 year-old healthy children were obtained from the NIH MRI Study of Normal Brain Development after a blinded quality control (1). Cortical thickness and subcortical volumes were obtained with automated software. Aggression levels were measured with the Aggressive Behavior scale (AGG) of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). AGG scores were regressed against cortical thickness and basal ganglia volumes using first and second-order linear models while controlling for age, gender, scanner site and total brain volume. 'Gender by AGG' interactions were analyzed. Whole brain random field theory corrections for multiple comparisons were implemented.Results: There were positive associations between bilateral striatal volumes and AGG scores (right: r=0.238, p=0.001; left: r=0.188, p=0.01). A significant association was found with right ACC and subgenual ACC cortical thickness in a second-order linear model (p < 0.05, corrected). High AGG scores were associated with a relatively thin right ACC cortex. An 'AGG by gender' interaction trend was found in bilateral OFC and ACC associations with AGG scores. Conclusion: This study shows the existence of relationships between impulsive aggression in healthy children and the structure of the striatum and right ACC. It also suggests the existence of gender specific patterns of association in OFC/ACC grey matter. These results may guide research on oppositional-defiant and conduct disorders.KEYWORDS: Aggression, Cortical Thickness, Anterior Cingulate Cortex, Orbito-Frontal Cortex, Striatum, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)Contexte: Le cortex cingulaire antérieur (CCA), le cortex orbito-frontal (COF) et les noyaux gris centraux ont été identifiés dans les recherches sur la neurobiologie de l'agressivité pathologique. Ces structures seraient impliquées dans la régulation 'top-down' des impulsions produites dans le système limbique. Le but de cette étude était d'identifier les corrélations neuroanatomiques de l'agressivité impulsive chez les enfants en santé ayant un développement normal. Méthodologie: Les données de 193 sujets de 6 à 18 ans ont été obtenues de l'étude NIH MRI Study of Normal Brain Development après un contrôle visuel de qualité des données (1). L'épaisseur corticale et les volumes sous-corticaux ont été obtenus avec des programmes automatisés. Le niveau d'agressivité a été mesuré avec l'échelle de comportements agressifs (AGG) obtenue du questionnaire Child Behavior Checklist. Les scores de AGG ont été analysés en régression linéaire avec l'épaisseur corticale et le volume des noyaux gris centraux en utilisant des modèles de premier et de deuxième ordre, et en contrôlant pour les effets de l'âge, du sexe, du numéro de scanner et du volume cérébral total. L'interaction 'AGG X sexe' a aussi été analysée. Une correction statistique de type random field theory pour comparaisons multiples a été appliquée aux résultats.Résultats: Une association positive a été trouvée entre les scores de AGG et le volume du striatum bilatéralement (droite: r=0.238, p=0.001; gauche: r=0.188, p=0.01). Une association significative était aussi présente entre AGG et l'épaisseur corticale du CCA droit et du CCA sous-géniculé droit dans un modèle linéaire de deuxième ordre (p < 0.05, corrigé). Les scores AGG élevés étaient associés à un CCA droit relativement mince. Une tendance d'association entre l'épaisseur corticale et l'interaction 'AGG X sexe' a aussi été trouvée dans le COF et le CCA bilatéralement. Conclusion: Cette étude démontre l'existence d'une relation entre l'agressivité impulsive chez les enfants en santé et la structure anatomique du striatum, ainsi que du CCA droit. Elle suggère également l'existence de patterns d'associations spécifiques au sexe dans la matière grise du COF et du CCA. Ces résultats pourraient guider la recherche clinique sur le trouble oppositionnel avec provocation et le trouble des conduites. MOTS CLÉS: Agressivité, Épaisseur corticale, Cortex cingulaire antérieur, Cortex orbito-frontal, Striatum, Imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM)
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Tarabek, Jessica. "Relationship satisfaction and mental health of parents of children with autism: A comparison of autism, ADHD, and normative children." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31236.
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This research compares the relationship satisfaction and mental health of parents of children diagnosed with Autism or Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) to parents of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and parents of normative children. The analytical sample was obtained from the 2007 National Survey of Childrenâ s Health, and ANOVA statistical procedures were used to analyze the data. Results indicate that significant differences exist in relationship satisfaction and mental health between mothers of children with Autism or ASD and mothers of either children with ADHD or ADD or normative children. No significant differences were found between fathers. Implications for clinicians working with this population, as well as suggestions for future research are discussed.Master of Science
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Stevens, Sarah B. "An examination of mental health factors related to risk-taking behaviors in children and adolescents." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5839.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2008.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 100 p. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 48-64).