Journal articles: 'Mental health of farm women'

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Constantine, Madonna. "Stress in Rural Farm Women:." Journal of Psychotherapy in Independent Practice 2, no. 2 (2001): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j288v02n02_02.

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Witt, Cheryl Dean, Deborah B. Reed, and Mary Kay Rayens. "Predictors of Depressive Symptoms in Rural Farm Women Aged 50 and Over." Online Journal of Rural Nursing and Health Care 20, no. 2 (2020): 25–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14574/ojrnhc.v20i2.631.

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Purpose: Aspects of farming and farm life can contribute to higher levels of depressive symptoms resulting in an increased risk for injury and development of chronic disease and a decrease in overall quality of life. Rural farm women can be subjected to stressors from farming as an occupation, their role within the agrarian culture, and life in a rural area. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of demographic characteristics, agricultural occupational factors, and health indicators with depressive symptoms among farm women aged 50 years and older. Methods: Secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from the Sustained Work Indicators of Older Farmers Study (2002-2006) was used to examine the influence of factors on depressive symptoms of older (> 50 years) female farmers (N= 358) from North Carolina and Kentucky. The study was framed by a modified version of the Biopsychosocial Model. Logistic regression was conducted to examine the relationships between demographics, perceived health status, active coping score, perceived stress, and factors specific to farm work and depressive symptoms. Findings: Participants’ depressive symptoms status (high vs. low) was predicted by their race/ethnicity, years of education, adequacy of income for vacation, perceived health status, perceived stress, and active coping. Conclusion: This study increases our understanding of the factors associated with depressive symptoms in farm women, but also identifies significant gaps in our knowledge of depressive symptoms among this population. The multifaceted dimensions of depressive symptoms revealed indicate a crucial need to more fully explore the interrelationship among the dimensions of the conceptual model and the physical and mental health of farm women. Additional knowledge gained from these studies will assist in the development of assessment instruments, skills, and plan of care specific to the needs of farm women; thus optimizing the health care of farm women. Key words: rural women, farm women, depressive symptoms, farm life

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Giesen, Carin, Arne Maas, and Marco Vriens. "Stress among Farm Women: A Structural Model Approach." Behavioral Medicine 15, no. 2 (1989): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08964289.1989.9935152.

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Ahmad, Tusawar Iftikhar, Zeeshan Mustafa, Syed Babar Ali Zaidi, and Maryyum Naz. "Caring the Primary Care-Givers Determinants of Farmwomen’s Health: A View from Rural Punjab-Pakistan." Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (2016): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52131/pjhss.2016.0401.0016.

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A person’s physical and mental well-being or ill-being is an outcome of multi-level (individual, household, neighborhood, local, national, and global) social, economic, environmental and political milieus under which the person is living. The present study is primarily in search of finding the non-income determinants of farmwomen’s health in rural areas of district Bahawalnagar (Punjab-Pakistan). SRH is used to gauge the state of respondents’ health. The study reveals that farmwomen’s health determinants are particular to them and their families. The study concludes that marriages at early age may result in serious health concerns for a farmwoman. More participation in activities relating to livestock management may increase a rural woman’s work burden that may ultimately result in poor health status. The study also reveals that greater the number of pregnancies, higher the chances to have poor health status of that working woman. Living under joint family system, increases a woman’s likelihood to have good health status. Husband’s higher education status is found to be associating with wife’s good health status. Availability of labor-saving home appliances may save efforts and energies of domestic women and are found to be increasing the likelihood to have good health. The study suggests that at household level, a farmwoman’s health concerns could be minimized by lowering her productive and reproductive work burdens. In reducing her burden relating to productive work, the use of labor or effort saving ways of working through the use of technology is imperative. While a woman’s reproductive work burden could be reduced through discouraging early and excessive child bearing. A woman’s level of education and that of her spouse may positively contribute not only for her own health but for the good health of a farm family.

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Abdelbaky, Hanan H., Kousuke Umeda, Thu-Thuy Nguyen, Adel E. A. Mohamed, and Ragab M. Fereig. "A review on current knowledge of major zoonotic protozoan diseases affecting farm and pet animals." German Journal of Veterinary Research 1, no. 2 (2021): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.51585/gjvr.2021.2.0021.

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Given the high importance of animal uses for human beings, avoidance of contact with animals is far from straightforward, even if there is a risk of zoonotic diseases. Animal products or byproducts are essential sources of food for humans. Also, there are large numbers of companion animals worldwide which are important for the soundness of mental health for the owners. Understanding of the disease in animals is of paramount importance to control and prevent transmission to humans. Zoonotic protozoan parasites, including malaria, babesiosis, trypanosomiasis, toxoplasmosis and cryptosporidiosis, can cause severe infections to humans, and some of them can drastically affect both economy and society. Impacts of such infections are aggravated when asymptomatic animals being in contact with susceptible individuals, including infants, pregnant women or immunocompromised people. Malaria, babesiosis and trypanosomiasis are vector-borne diseases that cause hemolytic anemia and high fever. Toxoplasmosis is a congenitally transmitted infection characterized by abortion and congenital abnormalities in infected persons and animals. Cryptosporidiosis is a highly contagious disease affecting humans and various animal species, and diarrhea is the main clinical form. These infections are globally distributed and affect various demographics. However, awareness of these often neglected diseases in almost all countries and communities is required to protect animals, owners, and customers. Thus, this review is aimed to provide the recent and current knowledge on transmission, epidemiology and control of some protozoan diseases of zoonotic importance.

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Davison, B., T. Nagel, and G. R. Singh. "Life, lifestyle and location: examining the complexities of psychological distress in young adult Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 8, no. 5 (2017): 541–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174417000162.

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Mental health is fundamental to an individual’s health and well-being. Mental health disorders affect a substantial portion of the Australian population, with the most vulnerable time in adolescence and young adulthood. Indigenous Australians fare worse than other Australians on almost every measure of physical and mental health. Cross-sectional data from young adults (21–27 years) participating in the Life Course Program, Northern Territory, Australia, is presented. Rates of psychological distress were high in remote and urban residing Indigenous and urban non-Indigenous young adults. This rate was more pronounced in young women, particularly in Indigenous remote and urban residing women. Young adults with high psychological distress also had lower levels of positive well-being, higher perceived stress levels, experienced a higher number of major life events and were at an increased risk of suicidal ideation and/or self-harm. This study supports the need for a continued focus on early screening and treatment at this vulnerable age. The significant association seen between psychological distress and other markers of emotional well-being, particularly risk of suicidal ideation and/or self-harm, highlights the need for a holistic approach to mental health assessment and treatment. A concerted focus on improving the environs of young adults by lowering levels of stress, improving access to adequate housing, educational and employment opportunity, will assist in improving the emotional health of young adults.

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Vorster, Hester H., Christina S. Venter, Marié P. Wissing, and Barrie M. Margetts. "The nutrition and health transition in the North West Province of South Africa: a review of the THUSA (Transition and Health during Urbanisation of South Africans) study." Public Health Nutrition 8, no. 5 (2005): 480–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2005784.

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AbstractObjectiveTo describe how urbanisation influences the nutrition and health transition in South Africa by using data from the THUSA (Transition and Health during Urbanisation of South Africans) study.DesignThe THUSA study was a cross-sectional, comparative, population-based survey.SettingThe North West Province of South Africa.SubjectsIn total, 1854 apparently healthy volunteers, men and women aged 15 years and older, from 37 randomly selected sites. Pregnant and lactating women, those with diagnosed chronic diseases and taking medication, with acute infections or inebriated were excluded but screened for hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Subjects were stratified into five groups representing different levels of urbanisation in rural and urban areas: namely, deep rural, farms, squatter camps, townships and towns/cities.Outcome measures and methods: Socio-economic and education profiles, dietary patterns, nutrient intakes, anthropometric and biochemical nutrition status, physical and mental health indicators, and risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) were measured using questionnaires developed or adapted and validated for this population, as well as appropriate, standardised methods for the biochemical analyses of biological samples.ResultsSubjects from the rural groups had lower household incomes, less formal education, were shorter and had lower body mass indices than those in the urban groups. Urban subjects consumed less maize porridge but more fruits, vegetables, animal-derived foods and fats and oils than rural subjects. Comparing women from rural group 1 with the urban group 5, the following shifts in nutrient intakes were observed: % energy from carbohydrates, 67.4 to 57.3; from fats, 23.6 to 31.8; from protein, 11.4 to 13.4 (with an increase in animal protein from 22.2 to 42.6 g day-1); dietary fibre, 15.8 to 17.7 g day-1; calcium, 348 to 512 mg day-1; iron from 8.4 to 10.4 mg day-1; vitamin A from 573 to 1246 μg retinol equivalents day-1; and ascorbic acid from 30 to 83 mg day-1. Serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and plasma fibrinogen increased significantly across groups; systolic blood pressure >140 mmHg was observed in 10.4–34.8% of subjects in different groups and diabetes mellitus in 0.8–6.0% of subjects. Women in groups 1 to 5 had overweight plus obesity rates of 48, 53, 47, 61 and 61%, showing an increase with urbanisation. Subjects from group 2 (farm dwellers) showed the highest scores of psychopathology and the lowest scores of psychological well-being. The same subjects consistently showed the lowest nutrition status.ConclusionsUrbanisation of Africans in the North West Province is accompanied by an improvement in micronutrient intakes and status, but also by increases in overweight, obesity and several risk factors for NCDs. It is recommended that intervention programmes to promote nutritional health should aim to improve micronutrient status further without leading to obesity. The role of psychological strengths in preventing the adverse effects of urbanisation on health needs to be examined in more detail.

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Matias, Susana, Maria Marois, and Marc Schenker. "Prevalence and Correlates of Food Insecurity in Latino Farm Worker Households in California's Central Valley." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (2020): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa043_088.

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Abstract Objectives The twofold objective of the study was to assess the burden of food insecurity in Latino farm worker households and to identify its correlates in this population. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis using data from the Mexican Immigration to California: Agricultural Safety and Acculturation (MICASA) study, a cohort of Latino farm workers residing in Mendota, California. Interview data from a follow up assessment (when food security was first assessed), and clinical data from a sub-study conducted around the same time were analyzed. Food security was assessed using the U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module: Six-Item Short Form, but only asked to female participants (n = 346). Body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) was measured based on direct weight and height measurements. Abdominal fat was categorized as normal vs high risk (waist circumference &gt;35 inches). Blood pressure was assessed based on two consecutive measures of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and categorized as normal, elevated or high blood pressure. Depression was measured using a short version of the CES-D scale; a score of ≥10 was used as indication of depressive symptoms. Sociodemographic and acculturation data were also collected. We conducted bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression, considering the study survey design. Results Fifty five % of respondents were food secure, while 45% reported food insecurity (39% without hunger and 6% with hunger). In bivariate analysis, food insecurity was associated with income, education, age at immigration, depressive symptoms and season, but not with age, years living in the US, BMI status, blood pressure or abdominal fat. After controlling for income, education and season, those who immigrated younger than 21 y of age had lower odds of reporting food insecurity, while food insecurity was associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms. Conclusions Food insecurity is prevalent among Latino farm worker families. Among women in these families, immigration to US at a younger age seems to protect them from suffering food insecurity, but experiencing it may be associated with poor mental health. Funding Sources The NIOSH, the California Endowment and the UC Davis Western Center for Agricultural Health and Safety.

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Kroenke, Candyce H., Bernard Rosner, Wendy Y. Chen, Ichiro Kawachi, Graham A. Colditz, and Michelle D. Holmes. "Functional Impact of Breast Cancer by Age at Diagnosis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 22, no. 10 (2004): 1849–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2004.04.173.

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Purpose To explore changes in physical and psychosocial function before and after breast cancer by age at diagnosis. Patients and Methods A total of 122,969 women from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHS 2, ages 29 to 71 years, who responded to pre- and postfunctional status assessments were included; 1,082 women were diagnosed with breast cancer between 1992 and 1997. Functional status was measured using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36). Mean change in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) scores was computed across categories representing the combination of incident breast cancer (yes or no) and age at diagnosis (≤ 40, 41 to 64, or 65+ years). Results Compared with women ≤ 40 years without breast cancer, women with breast cancer experienced significant functional declines. Young (age ≤ 40) women who developed breast cancer experienced the largest relative declines in HRQoL (as compared with middle-aged and elderly women) in multiple domains including physical roles (−18.8 v −11.5 and −7.5 points, respectively), bodily pain (−9.0 v −2.7 and −2.7 points), social functioning (−11.3 v −4.3 and −4.4 points) and mental health (−3.1 v 0.0 and +0.4 points). Much of the decline in HRQoL among elderly (age ≥ 65) women with breast cancer was age related. Conclusion Young women may fare worse than middle-aged or elderly women in both physical and psychosocial dimensions after breast cancer diagnosis. The needs of women facing breast cancer may be better understood within a life stage framework.

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Del Core, Michael A., Junho Ahn, Dane K. Wukich, et al. "Gender Differences on SF-36 Patient-Reported Outcomes of Diabetic Foot Disease." International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds 17, no. 2 (2018): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534734618774664.

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The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of gender on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) using a generic (Short Form–36 [SF-36]) and region-specific (Foot and Ankle Ability Measure [FAAM]) health measurement tool among a matched cohort of male and female patients with diabetes-related foot complications. The HRQOL of 240 patients with diabetic foot disease was measured using the SF-36 and the FAAM surveys. A total of 120 male patients were matched with 120 female patients with the same primary diagnosis, age, type, and duration of diabetes and insulin use. The SF-36 physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores were calculated using orthogonal and oblique rotation methods. The median age of the respondents was 54 years (interquartile range = 46-61). No differences in patient characteristics were found between genders. Among the SF-36 subscales, women reported significantly worse physical function ( P = .014) and bodily pain ( P = .021) scores with a trending decrease in general health score ( P = .067). Subsequently, women had worse orthogonal ( P = .009) and oblique PCS scores ( P = .036) than men. However, orthogonal ( P = .427) or oblique ( P = .140) MCS scores did not differ between groups. No significant differences in FAAM scores with respect to gender were appreciated. Our findings suggest that in patients with diabetic foot disease, women tend to report lower physical HRQOL compared with men. In efforts to increase compliance, providers should recognize the impact of gender on patients’ perceptions of foot-related complications of diabetes. This knowledge may improve outcomes by adapting more individualized and gender-specific approaches to patients.

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Jang, S., A. Prizment, and D. Lazovich. "Smoking and quality of life among elderly survivors of non-smoking related cancers in a prospective cohort study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (2009): 9600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.9600.

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9600 Background: Although the effect of smoking on quality of life (QOL) has been examined among survivors of lung or head and neck cancers, little is known about how smoking affects QOL among elderly survivors of non-smoking related cancers. Methods: The Iowa Women's Health Study (IWHS), a prospective cohort study initiated in 1986, collected self-reported QOL using the SF-36 in 2004. Cancer diagnosis and treatment among cohort participants were obtained from Iowa's cancer registry. Behavioral and health characteristics, including smoking status, were collected from periodic follow-up questionnaires between 1986 and 2004. We included 1,920 women, aged 55 to 69 years at baseline, who developed breast, colorectal, or endometrial cancers and responded to the 2004 questionnaire. We compared age-adjusted and multivariate-adjusted mean scores for eight SF-36 scales between nonsmokers (no reported smoking in 1986 or 2004), quitters (reported smoking in 1986 but not 2004), and persistent smokers (reported smoking in 1986 and 2004). Results: Among 1,920 cancer survivors, 1,720 (89.6%) were nonsmokers, 141 (7.3%) were quitters, and 59 (3.1%) were persistent smokers. After age adjustment, quitters had lower scores for vitality, physical functioning, mental health, social functioning, and general health scales compared to nonsmokers. Persistent smokers scored worse on the physical functioning, mental health, role emotional, and social functioning scales compared to nonsmokers. Except for mental health, these differences in QOL scores were attenuated after further adjustment for physical activity. Accounting for other factors, including baseline general health perception and education, cancer type, surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and length of survival, or occurrence of hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, stroke or fracture by 2004 did not change the differences observed between survivors who had ever reported smoking versus nonsmokers. Conclusions: Quitters and persistent smokers tended to fare worse than nonsmokers on many QOL scales. In most instances, these differences were explained by lower levels of physical activity which may have been a consequence of smoking. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Pezeshki, Babak, Aliasghar Karimi, Amir Ansari, et al. "Fasa Registry on Diabetes Mellitus (FaRD): Feasibility Study and Pilot Phase Results." Galen Medical Journal 10 (February 14, 2021): 2137. http://dx.doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v10i0.2137.

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Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common chronic disease. This disease is the main risk factor for fatal diseases such as myocardial infarction and stroke. As there is no cure for DM, an effective strategy must control it. Every attempt to control DM and patients’ outcomes require a surveillance system to consider the efficacy and safety measures. Fasa Registry on Diabetes mellitus (FaRD) is the first population-based registry for DM in Iran, which aims to provide an accurate description of social, mental health, clinical, and laboratory values of patients in order to consider the management patterns of these patients and discover the degree of adherence to the recommendations. Materials and Methods: The level of plasma glucose characterizes the diagnosis of diabetes (Type I and II). The pregnant women were excluded from this study. Three registrar nurses collected data from demographics, physical exams, past medical history, medication history, and laboratory findings. Results: The pilot phase included the first 381 patients, of which 257 (67.5%) were women, and 124 (32.5%) were men with a mean age of 57.54 ± 12.12 years among subjects, the 347 (94.5%) cases had DM type 2, and 20 (5.4%) ones had type 1. Conclusion: Based on our results, the characteristics of patients suffering from DM indicated that the jobless ones could not afford their medical expenditures; therefore, the majority of the patients were not adherent to the practice guidelines. The achievement of FaRD helps physicians and patients in improved management of the DM. The findings of this pilot study show the FaRD is feasible, and it will make a comprehensive population-based registry for DM in the region. [GMJ.2021;10:e2137]

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Peterson, Del. "Improving Veterans’ Mobility in Small Urban and Rural Areas." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2533, no. 1 (2015): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2533-17.

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The need for veterans’ transportation is growing rapidly because of the increasing number of older veterans as well as the many injured servicemen and -women returning from Iraq and Afghanistan. Thirty percent of veterans live in rural areas that often present transportation challenges. Many veterans in rural areas must travel extremely long distances to receive medical care, and veterans living in rural areas are reported to be in poorer health than veterans living in urban areas. The objective of this study was to identify veterans with mobility needs living in rural Minnesota, Montana, and North Dakota and to quantify the cost of feasible transportation options for meeting veterans’ mobility needs. This study included a survey of veterans and a simulation of their health care transportation costs. Online and paper surveys were distributed to veterans throughout Minnesota, Montana, and North Dakota. More than 80% of respondents classified themselves as disabled with nearly three-fourths of these indicating that their veteran disability rating was greater than 30%. The most common disability reported by survey respondents was having a mobility impairment, followed by hearing impairment and mental health issues. When a coordination effort between U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care centers and rural public transit agencies was simulated with @Risk risk analysis software, results varied by state and region because of varying operating costs and fare recovery rates. Overall, most simulations indicated that a coordination effort between VA health care centers and rural public transit agencies would be feasible if estimated ridership levels could be attained.

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Carr, W. Peter, George Maldonado, Pamela R. Leonard, et al. "Mammogram Utilization Among Farm Women." Journal of Rural Health 12 (December 1996): 278–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0361.1996.tb00817.x.

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Cudney, Shirley, Clarann Weinert, and Nicole Todorovich. "Perceived Health Status of Farm/Ranch Women." Online Journal of Rural Nursing and Health Care 13, no. 2 (2013): 84–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.14574/ojrnhc.v13i2.258.

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Alston, Margaret. "Feminism and Farm Women." Australian Social Work 43, no. 1 (1990): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03124079008550052.

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Tutor-Marcom, Robin, Jacklyn Bruce, and Annette Greer. "North Carolina Farm Women: Opportunities for Support and Farm-Related Education." Journal of Agromedicine 19, no. 2 (2014): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1059924x.2014.886540.

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Meeker, Bonnie Juve', Ann Carruth, and Catherine B. Holland. "Health Hazards and Preventive Measures of Farm Women." AAOHN Journal 50, no. 7 (2002): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/216507990205000708.

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Currently, an increasing number of farms are family owned and women are directly involved in the farming operations as an independent manager or partner. Women play an important role in farm management by marketing farm products, purchasing materials, and financial planning. Because of this involvement, women can be exposed to potential health hazards that can result in chronic illness, debilitation, or death. This study explored and described health hazards affecting farm women in southeast Louisiana, preventive measures used by farm women, and their consistency in using protective equipment with varying levels of time commitment toward farm operations. This cross sectional study included women older than 18 whose family participated in farming operations. A stratified, random sample design with parishes comprising the strata and simple random selection without replacement within each stratum was used to select family addresses. A total of 519 women who met the criteria completed a structured 30 minute telephone interview conducted using The Louisiana Farm Health and Injury Survey instrument. Information elicited included farm work characteristics, prevention practices, and demographics. Results showed that women working 1 to 20 hours per week were less likely to wear personal protective equipment (PPE) than women working more than 20 hours per week. This included wearing seat belts on tractors; using hearing, eye, or breathing protection; and wearing gloves or boots. No differences were found between groups for use of skin protection, hair holders, or helmets on all terrain vehicles (ATVs). The researchers concluded that if nursing interventions such as teaching and counseling related to prevention methods could be provided, the incidence of acute and chronic illnesses and traumatic injury would decline.

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SUGAYA, Takeshi, Masato HAYASHI, Shunji OKUBO, et al. "Health problems of women in mixed-farm households." JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL MEDICINE 34, no. 2 (1985): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2185/jjrm.34.129.

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Tutor-Marcom, Robin, Jacklyn Bruce, and Annette Greer. "Not Just the Farm Wife: Perceptions and Needs of North Carolina Farm Women." Journal of Agromedicine 19, no. 2 (2014): 246–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1059924x.2014.892855.

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Strickland, Bonnie R. "Women and Mental Health." Psychology of Women Quarterly 9, no. 1 (1985): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/036168438500900101.

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Gise, Leslie Hartley. "Women and Mental Health." Psychiatric Services 52, no. 4 (2001): 543—a—544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.52.4.543-a.

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Junaid, O. "Women and mental health." Psychiatric Bulletin 15, no. 10 (1991): 644–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.15.10.644-a.

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Wetzel, Janice Wood. "Women and mental health." International Social Work 43, no. 2 (2000): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002087280004300206.

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This article is based upon the author’s presentation at the UN Third Annual World Mental Health Day, the first Day to be devoted to women and mental health. The author argues that the psychosocial conditions commonly shared by women throughout the world result in their universally high rates of mental illness and emotional distress. Solutions are global in origin, based upon a comprehensive personal, social and economic model for the prevention of mental illness and the promotion of mental health.

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Alldred, Pam, Helen Crowley, and Rita Rupal. "Women and Mental Health." Feminist Review 68, no. 1 (2001): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01417780110074784.

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Niaz, Unaiza. "Women and mental health." Open Journal of Psychiatry & Allied Sciences 7, no. 2 (2016): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2394-2061.2016.00029.x.

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Martin, Margaret E., and Michie N. Hesselbrock. "Women Prisoners' Mental Health." Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 34, no. 1 (2001): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j076v34n01_03.

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Collective, Women's. "Women and Mental Health." Mental Health Review Journal 7, no. 1 (2002): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13619322200200002.

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Semenova, Natalia Dmitrievna. "Women and mental health." International Journal of Culture and Mental Health 11, no. 1 (2017): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17542863.2017.1394675.

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Habib, Rima R., and Fadi A. Fathallah. "Migrant women farm workers in the occupational health literature." Work 41 (2012): 4356–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-2012-0101-4356.

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Dhoke, S. P., Y. B. Shambharkar, R. G. Nair, and V. G. Dhulgand. "Knowledge of Farm Women Regarding Health and Nutritional Practices." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 7, no. 1 (2018): 1488–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.701.181.

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Dhoke, S. P., Y. B. Shambharkar, V. G. Dhulgand, and R. G. Nair. "Adoption of Health and Nutritional Practices by Farm Women." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 7, no. 1 (2018): 1816–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.701.220.

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Jones, M. Susan, Kathryn J. Luchok, and Robert H. McKnight. "Empowering Farm Women to Reduce Hazards to Family Health and Safety on the Farm." Journal of Agromedicine 5, no. 2 (1998): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j096v05n02_11.

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Elliot, Valerie, Louise Hagel, James A. Dosman, et al. "Resilience of Farm Women Working the Third Shift." Journal of Agromedicine 23, no. 1 (2018): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1059924x.2017.1384421.

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Rudolphi, Josie M., and Kathrine L. Barnes. "Farmers’ Mental Health: Perceptions from a Farm Show." Journal of Agromedicine 25, no. 1 (2019): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1059924x.2019.1674230.

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Jena, S., A. Kumar, and J. K. Singh. "Assessment of manual load carrying and health status of women farm workers of district Sonipat (Haryana), India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 7, no. 1 (2015): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v7i1.595.

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In present study an assessment of manual load carrying and health status of women farm workers of Thana Kalan village, Kharkhoda tehsil in Sonipat district of Haryana was conducted. A total of forty women farm workers between 25-40 years age were selected with at least five year load carrying experience, involved in farm work, with no history of chronic disease and willingness to participate in the study. The women farm workers carried water, fodder, cow dung on daily basis and seed, fertilizer and other farm inputs and farm produce on seasonal basis. It was observed that preferable mode of load carrying was head. The quantum of load varied between 20-40 kg. Assessment of health status revealed that musculoskeletal disorder was prevalent in all the age groups. Musculoskeletal disorder namely lower back pain was observed in 87.5 per cent women workers, neck pain in 72.5 per cent women workers followed by knee (32.5%) and foot pain (25 %). The pain severity was mild in most of the women farm workers and nobody was bed ridden for back pain due to load carrying. The younger age women (25-30 years) preferred traditional way of oil massage and rest for relief from back pain and neck pain after load carrying, while older women (31-40 years) had to take rest for back pain relief. The issue of occupational health disorder associated with manual load carrying by women farm worker has to receive attention to reduce the potential health risk.

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37

Dewar, Diane M. "Farm Health and Safety Issues." AAOHN Journal 44, no. 8 (1996): 391–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/216507999604400805.

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This study identifies gender specific farm health and safety issues. Based on a sample from the 1988 New York Farm Family Survey, descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis were used to establish unique gender based profiles in terms of labor force participation, and prioritization of farm health and safety issues, concerns, and information sources. Based on the factor analysis, women's main farm health and safety issues included physical problems and occupational hazard screening needs, provider integrity, and economic incentives. Men's main issues consisted of accident related counseling needs, skin related hazards, and the farm related convenience of the services. Men and women had statistically significant differences in the types of information sources and reasons for using farm health and safety services. These differences imply that farm health and safety providers must consider both gender related information gathering and farm health and safety prioritizations to more efficiently allocate intervention resources, more effectively promote safety, and reduce the incidence of occupationally related morbidity and mortality in agriculture.

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38

Sharma, Indira, and Abhishek Pathak. "Women mental health in India." Indian Journal of Psychiatry 57, no. 6 (2015): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.161478.

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39

Khajehei, Marjan. "Mental health of perinatal women." World Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 4, no. 2 (2015): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5317/wjog.v4.i2.46.

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40

Gove, Walter R., and Lenore E. Walker. "Women and Mental Health Policy." Contemporary Sociology 16, no. 6 (1987): 876. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2071608.

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41

Gabe, Jonathan, and Paul Williams. "Women, Housing, and Mental Health." International Journal of Health Services 17, no. 4 (1987): 667–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/xebc-5r7y-8wa6-d4wp.

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This article is concerned with crowding in the home and psychological health in women. After a brief literature review, the relationship is investigated using data from a community survey conducted in West London in 1977. Our findings indicate a J-shaped relationship between internal density and psychological symptoms— low as well as high levels of crowding were detrimental. This pattern was found to persist after relevant intervening variables were controlled for. These findings are interpreted within the context of women's subordination within the home.

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42

Grau, Lois. "Mental Health and Older Women." Women & Health 14, no. 3-4 (1989): 75–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j013v14n03_06.

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43

Raphael, Beverley, Mel Taylor, and Virginia McAndrew. "Women, Catastrophe and Mental Health." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 42, no. 1 (2008): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670701732707.

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44

Beck, Cornelia M., and Barbara P. Pearson. "Mental Health of Elderly Women." Journal of Women & Aging 1, no. 1-3 (1989): 175–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j074v01n01_09.

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45

Kennedy, Cille, Dawn Carlson, T. Bedirhan Üstün, Darrel A. Regier, Grayson Norquist, and Paul Sirovatka. "Mental Health, Disabilities, and Women." Journal of Disability Policy Studies 8, no. 1-2 (1997): 129–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104420739700800207.

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46

Bloom, Bernard S., and Lenore E. Walker. "Women and Mental Health Policy." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 5, no. 1 (1985): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3323459.

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47

Briscoe, Monica E. "Men, women and mental health." Health Education Journal 44, no. 3 (1985): 151–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001789698504400313.

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GIL, ROSA MARIA. "Hispanic Women and Mental Health." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 789, no. 1 (1996): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb55643.x.

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49

Schouler-Ocak, M. "Women Mental Health and Trafficking." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): S9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.078.

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“Trafficking in persons,” “human trafficking,” and “modern slavery” have been used as umbrella terms for the act of recruiting, harboring, transporting, providing, or obtaining a person for compelled labor or commercial sex acts through the use of force, fraud, or coercion. Trafficking in persons is an insult to human dignity and an assault on freedom, and robbing basic human rights (US Report, 2015). Reliable data on trafficking are difficult to obtain owing to its illegal nature; the range and severity of trafficking activities; and variations in how trafficking is defined. It is supposed that 49 per cent of the victims are women, 21 per cent girls, 18 per cent men and 12 per cent boys. 53 per cent were involved in sexual exploitation and 40 per cent in forced labor (UN, 2014).Research findings show that the limitations of current methodologies affect what is known about human trafficking and health. Moreover, findings demonstrate an urgent need for representative and non–purposive recruitment strategies in future investigations of trafficking and health as well as research on risk and protective factors related to human trafficking and health, intervention effectiveness, long-term health outcomes. The psychological impact of victimization may be more severe than the physical violence. Victims who have been rescued from sexual slavery, typically present with various psychological symptoms and mental illnesses, including the following: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, panic disorder, suicidal ideation, Stockholm syndrome, and substance abuse. In this talk current findings will be presented and discussed.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

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Webb, Christine. "Women & mental health policy." Nurse Education Today 11, no. 5 (1991): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0260-6917(91)90049-g.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Mental health of farm women'

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