Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mental health personnnel – Mental health – Rwanda

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Mental health personnnel – Mental health – Rwanda'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Mental health personnnel – Mental health – Rwanda"

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Vostanis, P. "Development and Evaluation of a Psychosocial Model for Children Who Experience Trauma from Low and Middle-income Countries." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.205.

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IntroductionDespite fragmented evidence on individual interventions, good practice and child welfare programmes in low and middle-income countries (LMIC), there is no comprehensive model for early interventions, particularly for children who experience complex trauma.ObjectiveThe objective of the World Awareness for Children in Trauma (WACIT: www.wacit.org) is to develop an evidence-based psychosocial model for vulnerable children in low and middle-income countries with limited or no access to specialist resources.MethodsThe aim of the preliminary evaluation was to establish stakeholders’ views on the extent of need, socio-cultural context, service gaps, and recommendations for improvement and creation of working partnerships. This consisted of four studies:– 1. Participatory workshops in six countries (Turkey, Pakistan, Indonesia, Kenya, Rwanda, Brazil) with a total 250 strategic and operational stakeholders;– 2. Quantitative evaluation in two of these countries (Turkey, 32 participants; and Brazil, 80 participants);– 3. Interviews with 17 stakeholders from the six countries;– 4. Focus groups with 7 children, 7 parents, 9 teachers and 11 other professionals in one country (Kenya).ResultsFindings indicated that lack of resources (funding, facilities, training and personnel), poor collaboration (between church, families, government, schools and community), impaired parenting, socio-economic challenges and limited knowledge on child mental health as key factors that impede interventions.ConclusionsThe findings have informed the next phase of the WACIT programme in developing sustainable networks, training, and culturally appropriate interventions in the participating LMIC.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
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Palmer, Ian, and Nsanzumuhire Firmin. "Mental health in post-genocide Rwanda." International Psychiatry 8, no. 4 (November 2011): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600002733.

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The children who experienced the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda are now in their mid to late 20s. It is almost impossible to comprehend the scale of the terror and destruction of Rwanda's societal infrastructure between 6 April and 16 July 1994. While the world remained inactive, Rwanda, a small impoverished central African state, experienced the murder of about 1 million of its citizens; it also saw the terrorising, humiliation and rape of countless thousands. Although women and children were directly targeted, some actively engaged in atrocities. About 300000 children were murdered, a significant number at the hands of other children. The level of terror differed across the country and escape was frequently by luck alone. A UNICEF (2004) study of 3000 children revealed that 80% had experienced death in the family, 70% had witnessed a killing or injury, 35% saw other children killing or injuring other children, 61% were threatened with being killed and 90% believed they would die (Human Rights Watch, 2003). Of the 250000 women raped, 30% were between 13 and 35 years of age, 67% developed HIV/AIDS and 20 000 births resulted (Donovan, 2002).
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Thabet, Abdel Aziz, and Panos Vostanis. "Visit to the Gaza Community Mental Health Programme: training in child mental health." Psychiatric Bulletin 23, no. 5 (May 1999): 300–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.23.5.300.

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The high prevalence of post-traumatic and other psychiatric disorders in children and adults who have experienced violence and war-related traumas are well documented by research (Thabet & Vostanis, 1998, 1999). So far, there has been less systematic evaluation of treatment interventions or training programmes for staff working with traumatised individuals in war zones. Training initiatives have recently been described in countries such as Rwanda (Brandon, 1998). This paper describes the work of a community mental health programme in the Gaza strip, particularly through a visit by P. V. to work with the child mental health care staff.
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Crowe, Sam. "ndera Mental-health effects of ethnic violence acknowledged in Rwanda." Lancet 350, no. 9089 (November 1997): 1455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)64226-2.

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Brandon, Sydney. "Note from Rwanda." Psychiatric Bulletin 22, no. 1 (January 1998): 50–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.22.1.50.

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Korukire, Noel, Laura Bozzi, Gilbert Banamwana, Liliane Birasa, Marie Claire Ineza, Liberatha Rumagihwa, Emelyne Umutoni Cishahayo, Isabelle Kayitesi, and Memunat Oyiza Akanbi. "Climate Change and Mental Health: New Model of Managing Mental Health Illness Resulting From Climate Change Events. Rwanda Perspective." Rwanda Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rjmhs.v2i1.11.

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Gasanganwa, M. C., B. Umubyeyi, and D. Gishoma. "Abstract: Workplace Setting of Mental Health Nursing Program Graduates in Rwanda." Rwanda Journal 2, no. 2 (November 17, 2015): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rj.v2i2.17f.

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Mukashema, Immaculée. "Facing Domestic Violence for Mental Health in Rwanda: Opportunities and Challenges." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 140 (August 2014): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.04.476.

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Betancourt, T., P. Scorza, F. Kanyanganzi, M. C. S. Fawzi, V. Sezibera, F. Cyamatare, W. Beardslee, et al. "HIV and Child Mental Health: A Case-Control Study in Rwanda." PEDIATRICS 134, no. 2 (July 21, 2014): e464-e472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-2734.

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Munyandamutsa, Naasson, Paul Mahoro Nkubamugisha, Marianne Gex-Fabry, and Ariel Eytan. "Mental and physical health in Rwanda 14 years after the genocide." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 47, no. 11 (March 9, 2012): 1753–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-012-0494-9.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mental health personnnel – Mental health – Rwanda"

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Millar, Kathryn Rae. "Prevalence and Associated Factors of Antenatal Depression in Post-conflict Rwanda| Implications for Nurse Midwifery Policy and Practice." Thesis, University of California, San Francisco, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10936184.

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Background: In low- and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs), 16% of pregnant and 20% of postpartum women experience common maternal mental health disorders, far surpassing global rates of 10% and 13%, respectively. Maternal depression is associated with poor perinatal outcomes, including maternal, newborn, and early childhood outcomes. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was recently validated in Rwanda, yet maternal depression prevalence and associated factors are unknown.

Objectives: The primary objectives of the study are to describe antenatal depression prevalence and its associated factors.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of the Preterm Birth Initiative-Rwanda randomized controlled trial of group antenatal care (ANC) data obtained between June 2017 – June 2018. Thirty-four health centers in five districts were selected. At each health center, convenience sampling was used to ascertain EPDS scores from the first five women to present for initial ANC each calendar month. A cut-off EPDS score of ≥13 was used to define maternal depression. Multi-level simple and multiple logistic regressions were used to explore associated factors of antenatal depression. The study obtained informed consent and was approved by the Rwanda National Ethics Committee and the University of California, San Francisco institutional review board.

Results: Twenty-percent of women in the antenatal period screened positive for depression. In the adjusted multi-level multiple logistic regression model, family social support, age, ability to communicate with partner, and perceived stress were significantly associated with antenatal depression.

Conclusions: Antenatal and postpartum depression prevalence in Rwanda exceeds LLMIC averages. The authors recommend universal depression screening and treatment for pregnant and postpartum women.

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Ngirababyeyi, Alfred. "Attitudes towards mentally ill in professionals working in Ndera neuropsychiatric hospital in Rwanda." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/7739.

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ABSTRACT: This quantitative study investigated the attitudes toward the mentally ill in professionals working in Ndera neuropsychiatric hospital. The research questions explored were centered on the attitudes of directly involved and supportive professionals toward mentally ill clients and also on the difference between the attitudes of directly involved and supportive professionals toward mentally ill clients and demographic variables. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences in attitude between direct care providers and supportive professionals toward the mentally ill clients. The Community Attitudes towards Mentally Ill (CAMI) scale (Dear & Taylor, 1982; Taylor, Dear & Hall, 1979; Taylor & Dear, 1981) was used. A total of 72 members of the staff, including 55 directly involved staff and 17 supportive staff members, participated in the survey. A summary interpretation of the main findings in this thesis reinforces the assumption that negative attitudes towards people with mental illness received in Ndera neuropsychiatric hospital are in existence, even though the majority have favorable attitudes towards the mentally ill. This suggests that persons with mental illness may encounter stigmatizing attitudes from mental health professionals. This study represents one of the first to explore professionals’ attitudes towards the mentally ill. It is hoped that this work will highlight the need to explore the influence of attitudes in the delivery of high quality healthcare. The provider–patient relationship is at the heart of effective treatment and the detrimental impact of prejudicial judgments on this relationship should not be ignored. This study also demonstrates that professionals with different roles report different attitudes and this suggest that they would behave differently towards patients with mental illness. The directly involved professionals have been found to have more positive attitudes than the supportive professional and this seems to show that as individuals improve their ability to interact with persons with mental illness, they become more tolerant. The present study demonstrates that the sociodemographic variables tested have no impact on the attitudes of the professionals working in Ndera neuropsychiatric hospital. The extent of mental health training (as part of general health training) and duration of experience of working in mental health settings did not influence attitudes. Finally, this study demonstrates that there is no correlation between the attitudes towards mentally ill patients and their inclusion in the process of decision-making.
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Sabey, Courtney. "Implementation of Mental Health Reform and Policy in Post-Conflict Countries: The Case of Post-Genocide Rwanda." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39940.

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Mental health has been receiving increasing amounts of attention in recent years. Despite this, there are still many barriers to receiving mental health care in all parts of the world. Post-conflict countries have the dual challenge of increased mental health problems among their populations and trying to respond to these problems with low resources as their economies are often destroyed by the effects of war. This research studies the implementation of Rwanda’s post-genocide mental health policy to assess the challenges and best practises of implementing mental health reform in a low-resource, post-conflict country. The thesis found that the implementation of Rwanda’s mental health policy has relied on policies of rapid decentralization and integration to increase accessibility to mental health care. Decentralization has ensured that mental health services are available at every level and relies on a referral system. Mental health care is integrated into the general healthcare system by training generalists in hospitals and health centres to respond to mental health issues, therefore making these services available at nearly all health institutions. These policies were viewed positively by stakeholders, but there were still many gaps and challenges in the implementation of Rwanda’s mental health policy. One of the major challenges was stigma acting as a barrier to accessing services while one of the largest gaps was that the implementation relies too much on institutionalized, individualized, and Westernized care, which participants pointed out is not always suitable in the Rwandan context. Recommendations included an increase in sensitization campaigns, shifting towards community-based mental health care, expanding personnel and services, as well as increasing funding. The analysis, relying on complexity theory, found that many of the gaps are missed by the government because of a lack of collaboration with local organizations and service providers working in the domain.
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Iyamuremye, Jean Damascene. "The development of an intervention model to manage secondary traumatic stress in mental health workers in Rwanda." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4763.

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Introduction: It was previously established that mental health workers in Rwanda experience secondary traumatic stress when working with trauma survivors. The effects of secondary traumatic stress can be serious and permanent in mental health workers when working with traumatized clients. It interferes with mental health worker’s ability to do their work effectively. Aim: This study aimed to explore STS and to develop an intervention model to manage secondary traumatic stress in mental health workers in Kigali, Rwanda. Methodology: This study was carried out into five cycles using action research approach. In the first cycles of the study a quantitative design was used to explore secondary traumatic stress in mental health workers in Rwanda. For this cycle, the particular aim was to determine the extent of the secondary traumatic stress in mental health workers in Rwanda. A total of 180 participants were selected using convenience sampling to be part of the quantitative study. In the second cycle of the study a qualitative design was used to explore mental health workers’ experiences of secondary traumatic stress. For this cycle 30 unstructured interviews were conducted. The third cycle aimed at developing the model to manage secondary traumatic stress. Action research approach was used in this phase. Experts from mental health services involved in the study were asked to participate in the study based on their availability as research team members. The fourth cycle of the study consisted of implementing the model in one mental health service and the fifth cycle consisted evaluation of the implementation of the model after six weeks period. The main aim of this cycle was an observation of the model implantation. Results: A diagrammatical model to manage secondary traumatic stress was developed by mental health professionals. In the model development cycle of the study, it emerged that there are very strong concurrence between the findings from experts in mental health care system and literature in terms of what needs to be included in the intervention model to manage secondary traumatic stress in mental health workers in Rwanda. The key elements to include in the model were based on preventive, evaluative and curative strategies to manage secondary traumatic stress in mental health workers in Rwanda. During the evaluation of the implementation, it emerged that participant noticed a change in coping strategies when facing the stressful incident in the practice. Recommendations: include an emphasis on more psychological support for mental health professional in their workplace and for more concrete aids such as supervision, guidelines on stress management on workplace, education on secondary traumatic stress management and implementation of counseling service for mental health workers. Conclusion: The model developed in the present study outlined different ways to manage STS at the individual, social and organizational levels. There is a need to translate the interventions to manage STS into active ongoing coping activities to be conducted at the individual, group and organizational levels. Organizational responses, such as creating a supportive organizational culture that acknowledges the potential for secondary traumatic stress, may help mental health workers to deal with workplace related secondary traumatic stress.
Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2010.
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Misago, Claire Nancy. "Implementation progress of mental health services in Rwanda: Bugesera district case." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/16183.

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RESUMO: O Ministério da Saúde do Governo do Ruanda identifica a saúde mental como uma área de prioridade estratégica para a intervenção em resposta à alta carga dos transtornos mentais no Ruanda. Ao longo dos últimos 20 anos após o genocídio, o sector público reconstruiu sua Resposta Nacional de Saúde Mental com base no acesso equitativo aos cuidados, através do desenvolvimento de uma Política Nacional de Saúde Mental e novas estruturas de saúde mental. A política de Saúde Mental do Ruanda, revista em 2010, prima pela descentralização e integração dos serviços de saúde mental em todas as estruturas nacionais do sistema de saúde e ao nível da comunidade. O presente estudo de caso tem como objetivo avaliar a situação do sistema de saúde mental de um distrito típico de uma área rural no Ruanda, e sugerir melhorias, incluindo algumas estratégias para monitoras as mudanças. Os resultados do estudo permitirão ao Ruanda reforçar a sua capacidade para implementar o Plano Nacional de Saúde Mental ao nível dos distritos. O relatório também será útil para monitorar o progresso da implementação de serviços de saúde mental nos distritos, incluindo a prestação de serviços de base comunitária e a participação dos usuários, suas famílias e outros interessados na promoção, prevenção, assistência e reabilitação em saúde mental. Este estudo também procurou avaliar o progresso da implementação dos cuidados de saúde mental a nível descentralizado, com vista a compreender as implicações em termos de recursos desses processos. Foi realizada uma análise situacional num local do distrito, baseado em entrevistas com as principais partes interessadas responsáveis, usando o Instrumento de Avaliação de Sistemas de Saúde Mental da Organização Mundial da Saúde (WHO-AIMS). Os resultados sugerem que os recursos humanos para a saúde mental e serviços de base comunitária de saúde mental no distrito continuam a ser extremamente limitados. Os profissionais de saúde mental são adicionalmente limitados na sua capacidade para oferecer intervenções de emergência a pacientes psiquiátricos e garantir a continuidade do tratamento farmacológico a pacientes com condições crônicas. Para planejar efetivamente, de acordo com as necessidades da comunidade, sugerimos que o sistema de saúde mental deve envolver também os representantes das famílias e dos usuários no processo de planificação de modo a melhorar a sua contribuição no processo de implementação das atividades de saúde mental. Este estudo de caso do Distrito de Bugesera oferece a primeira análise de nível distrital dos serviços de saúde mental no Ruanda, e pode servir como uma mais-valia para a melhoria do sistema de saúde mental, incluindo a advocacia para a melhoria da qualidade dos cuidados de saúde mental a este nível, aumentando o financiamento para a implementação de serviços clínicos de saúde mental e os recursos humanos disponíveis para a prestação de cuidados de saúde mental, principalmente a nível dos cuidados primários.--------------------- ABSTRACT: To deal with the high burden of mental health disorders resulting from consequences of the 1994 genocide against Tutsis, the Rwanda Ministry of Health (MoH) considers mental health as a priority intervention. For the last 20 years, Ministry of Health focused on rebuilding a national and equity-oriented mental health program responding to the population needs in mental health. Mental health services are now decentralized and integrated in the national health system, from the community level up to the referral level. This study assessed the situation of mental health services in one rural district in Rwanda. It was aimed at assessing the progress of implementation of mental health care at the decentralized level, focusing on resource implications and processes. This study is based on interviews conducted with key stakeholders, using the World Health Organization's Assessment Instrument for Mental Health Systems (WHO-AIMS). Findings show that human resources for mental health care and community-based mental health services of the assessed district remain extremely limited. Mental health professionals face limitation regarding the ability to provide emergency management of psychiatric patients and to ensure continuity of psychopharmacological treatment of patients with chronic conditions. To improve the implementation process of mental health interventions and activities, a planning process based on community needs and the involvement of representatives of families and users in planning process should be considered. The Bugesera case study on the situation of mental health services can serve as a baseline for improvement of the mental health program in Rwanda, in terms of quality care services, infrastructure and equipment, human and financial resources.
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Uwizeye, Glorieuse. "An analysis of the mental health of families affected by HIV/AIDS in Rwanda." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/9009.

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HIV/AIDS is no longer seen as an individual problem as it also affects the family as a whole. The purpose of this study is to purpose of analysing the mental health of family affected by HIV/AIDS in Rwanda. It should be noted that there were not studies conducted on the mental health of the affected families in Rwanda. A qualitative approach using case study design was used to describe the mental health of affected family in Rwanda. HIV/AIDS-related stressors, emotional reactions of family members and coping strategies they adopt to deal with those stressors and emotional reactions were studied. The effects of those reactions and strategies on the infected family member as well as the entire family were analysed. A purposive sampling was used to select two families from Mwana Ukundwa Association for the study. The findings of the study showed multiple losses, care, and socio-economic demands as the main stressors for both cases. Emotional reactions to those stressors included shock, anger, sadness, hopelessness, depression, fear and shame. Participants reported using both emotional and problem-focused coping strategies. Compassion, caring and showing concern had positive effects on the infected and affected as well as family members, whereas emotional reactions such as anger, unhappiness, and discouragement had negative effects on the entire family. Positive effects of family reactions and strategies to cope were associated with coping strategies such as; having opportunity to talk: to someone, distraction, family relationships, spiritual support, treatment, and socio-economic support. Ineffective strategies included family communication dysfunction due to withdrawal behaviour, alcohol abuse and going to nightclubs. These strategies had negative effects on both infected and affected family members. The results suggest that health professionals such as nurses, doctors and other healthcare providers should use a holistic approach in caring for infected family members. They should not only provided family care, but also include the family in planning to care for the infected family member. This will empower them to play a more effective role in home care-based.
Thesis (M.N.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2004.
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Iyamuremye, Jean Damascene. "Exploring secondary traumatic stress experienced by nurses working in mental health service in Rwanda." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8971.

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It has been suggested that a unique feature of some mental health nurses' work is exposure through their role as therapists to clients' descriptions of, and reactions to, trauma, and that these experiences may actually indirectly cause distress and traumatization to the nurse. This proposed phenomenon has been termed "secondary traumatic stress" and is the focus of the current study. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore secondary traumatic stress experienced by nurses working in mental health services in Rwanda. Methods: The research was conducted in Ndera Psychiatric Hospital. The questionnaire consisted of items of the Trauma Attachment Belief Scale (T ABS), demographic characteristics of participants, personal trauma history, work related aspects and support systems. A convenient sampling of 50 nurses who provide a mental health care to trauma survivors and mentally ill patients in the Ndera Psychiatric Hospital was adopted. Results: Results of the study indicate that there is belief disruption in the respondents. The mean scores of most of the respondents were high in all areas of cognitive believe. Of the respondents, 98% (n=49) had T -score of 80 for other-safety which was extremely high. The nurses identified the psychiatric nurses and a psychiatrist as their main support systems in dealing with secondary traumatic stress and generally believed in the usefulness of supervision. Conclusion: In summary, this study expanded on knowledge into the effects of secondary traumatization, particularly with concern to mental health clinicians, a population often ignored. This study was considered to be a contribution to trauma literature as it provides much needed empirical evidence.
Thesis (M.Cur.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2008.
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Benoite, Umubyeyi. "Exploring depression among people living with HIV/AIDS and attending a primary health care centre in Kigali, Rwanda : a descriptive, cross-sectional study." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/893.

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HIV is major public problem in the world and in Sub-Saharan Region in particular. The literature has shown that mental disorders and particularly depression are common among people living with HIV/AIDS, but that little is known about the prevalence of depression and factors associated with it, among people living with HIV/AIDS in Rwanda. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was done to assess the prevalence of depression, the clinical profile and the factors associated with depression among people living with HIV and attending a primary health care centre in Kigali-Rwanda. This study was informed by the stress and vulnerability framework. A questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and HIV related medical information, while depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory Scale, with a cut off of less than 10 for no depression and above 10 scoring positive for depression. Respondents were randomly selected from the patient appointment list for patients who were scheduled during the period of data collection and according to the sample selection criteria. The sample consisted of 96 people living with HIV. Permission to conduct the study was requested and obtained from the University of Kwazulu-Natal Ethics Committee, from the CNLS Research and Ethics Committee in Rwanda and from the management of the health care centre to consult patients' files. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS for window, 15). Descriptive data was analyzed by means of frequencies, mean and standard deviation. Cross tabulation using Pearson' chi-square test was performed to test the association between sociodemographic factors and HIV related medical information and depression for categorical variables, while t-test for independent simple test was performed for continuous variable. Multi logistic regression analysis was performed to test further association between the above mentioned factors with depression, while controlling for confounders. The results were presented by means of tables, histograms and graphs. The findings of the study revealed that depression is very high among HIV-infected patients attending a primary health care centre in Kigali, with a prevalence of 41.7%. The most frequent depressive symptoms presented were pessimism, fatigability, sad mood; lack of satisfaction, somatic preoccupation, loss of libido, crying spells, work inhibition, irritability, social v withdrawal and loss of appetite. The majority of respondents scored mild to moderate depression, whereas few had moderate to severe depression and only very few scored severe depression. Having considered all other socio-demographic and HIV related medical factors that were studied, being a female, having presented many HIV-related symptoms in the month prior to data collection, and having less than 250 CD4 counts were statistically associated with depression. On the other hand, having high social and family support was a protector factor to depression. Although the results of this study are not generalizable to the Rwandan population living with HIV, they underscore the importance of integrating mental health in HIV/AIDS services for the care of those who present mental problems related to HIV such as depression.
Thesis (MN)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2010.
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Majyambere, Adolphe. "Prevention of mental and behavioral disorders in HIV-Positive adolescents and youth in Kigali-Rwanda." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/22035.

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ABSTRACT: Several studies showed that HIV-positive youth and adolescents constitute a high-risk group for mental and behavioral disorders worldwide. For young people and adolescents, it is obvious is that mental and behavioral disorders are potentially preventable when properly and timely done. A naturalistic cross sectional, descriptive study was done in Kigali general hospitals. The main objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of mental and behavioral disorders primary prevention for HIV-positive adolescents and young adults through HIV/AIDS services. In total, 112 adolescents and young adults aged between 14 and 25 were interviewed, 58.9% were males while 41.1% were females. Six health care providers and two policy makers were also interviewed. Results from the study shows that among the needs of adolescents and young adults for prevention of mental behavioral disorders, there are; 1) communication and HIV status disclosure properly done to the children and adolescents; HIV disclosure counseling was qualified by all participants as an important component to prevent later mental and behavioral disorders. 2) The majority (66.9 %) of the participants were being followed up in by HIV care and treatment for more than 6 years including 15.2 % who have been enrolled for more than 15 years, continuous medical and psychosocial care were qualified as important element for prevention of mental and behavior disorders. Lack of clear policy and guidelines, lack of trained and specialized staff, limited social support and insufficient skills for family members to support affected youth and adolescents are key identified weakness and threats. Finally, we come up with a model named: “Model for prevention of mental and behavioral disorders among the adolescents and youth infected by HIV”. The model proposes interventions at three levels; 1) policy and guiding documents, 2) clinical practices and 3) family and community involvement.
RESUMO: Diversos estudos demonstraram que jovens e adolescentes HIV positivos constituem um grupo de alto risco para transtornos mentais e comportamentais em todo o mundo. Para os jovens e adolescentes, é óbvio que os transtornos mentais e comportamentais são potencialmente evitáveis quando devidamente e oportunamente feito. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo transversal e naturalista em hospitais gerais de Kigali. O objetivo principal foi avaliar a viabilidade de prevenção primária de transtornos mentais e comportamentais para adolescentes e adultos jovens HIV positivos através dos serviços de HIV. No total, foram entrevistados 112 adolescentes e adultos jovens de 14 a 25 anos, sendo 66 (58,9%) do sexo masculino e 46 (41,1%) do sexo feminino. Seis prestadores de cuidados de saúde e dois responsáveis políticos foram também entrevistados. Os resultados mostraram as seguintes necessidades para a prevenção de transtornos mentais e comportamentais entre os adolescentes e adultos jovens; 1) comunicação e divulgação do status de HIV feitas de forma adequada às crianças e adolescentes. O aconselhamento para divulgação do HIV foi qualificado por todos os participantes como um componente importante para a prevenção de distúrbios mentais e comportamentais posteriores. 2) A maioria (66,9%) dos participantes estavam sendo acompanhados pela assistência e tratamento do HIV há mais de 6 anos, incluindo 15,2% que estavam inscritos há mais de 15 anos. O tratamento médico contínuo e o atendimento psicossocial foram qualificados como elementos importantes que contribuem para a prevenção de transtornos mentais e comportamentais. Falta de políticas e diretrizes claras, a falta de pessoal treinado e especializado, apoio social limitado e competências insuficientes para os membros da família apoiarem jovens e adolescentes afetados são fraquezas e ameaças identificadas. Finalmente, criámos um modelo denominado: "Modelo de prevenção de transtornos mentais e comportamentais entre adolescentes e jovens infectados pelo HIV”. O modelo propõe intervenções em três níveis: 1) políticas e documentos orientadores, 2) práticas clínicas e 3) envolvimento familiar e comunitário.
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Mukamana, Donatilla. "Management of the long term psychological effects of rape among women survivors of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda : a grounded theory approach." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/11092.

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In the 1994 Rwandan genocide, rape was widely used as a strategic weapon against Tutsi women. This study explored the long term psychological effects of rape experienced by these women in order to develop a middle range theory to guide the management of the lasting psychological effects of rape in the context of genocide. A Grounded Theory approach using Strauss and Corbin’s paradigm (Strauss and Corbin, 1990) was used. Data collection entailed in-depth interviews of twenty nine participants, twelve of whom were rape survivors, ten were women who had not been raped, and seven were men from their community. Open coding, axial coding and selective coding were used to analyse the data. The results have shown that women were negatively affected, physically, psychologically and socially, by the rape. Genocide Rape Trauma emerged as a concept that defines these outcomes. It includes unbearable memories, overwhelming feelings, sense of helplessness, somatic distress, negative self-image, altered intimate relationships and social isolation. The extreme brutality, the humiliation that accompanied the experience of rape and multiple losses were reported as risk factors for the lasting psychological effects of rape. These negative outcomes were maintained by poverty, poor physical health, the burden of raising the children born of rape, hostility and stigma from their community, and lack of appropriate support and effective health care services. Facilitating the management of Genocide Rape Trauma emerged as the core category of the middle range developed theory. Recovery from Genocide Rape Trauma required formal and informal support, including psychological and medical care, sensitivity in dealing with genocide rape survivors, and advocacy. Economic empowerment was a key element, while educating the community contributed to the social integration of rape survivors and their children born of rape into their community. Women had developed coping mechanisms of their own to attain psychological relief, and had organized themselves into support groups. This study contributed to clinical practice by providing a holistic approach to taking care of rape survivors. The inclusion of such theory in the curriculum of health care professionals should contribute to the understanding of the lasting impact of rape and how to handle it in an efficient manner. Key words: Rwanda, Genocide, women survivors, Genocide Rape Trauma, Management of the long term psychological effects of rape and Grounded theory.
Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2013.
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Books on the topic "Mental health personnnel – Mental health – Rwanda"

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Mukashema, Immaculée, ed. Psychosocial Well-Being and Mental Health of Individuals in Marital and in Family Relationships in Pre- and Post-Genocide Rwanda. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74560-8.

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Book chapters on the topic "Mental health personnnel – Mental health – Rwanda"

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Hynie, Michaela, Benoite Umubyeyi, Marie Claire Gasanganwa, Yvonne Bohr, Susan McGrath, Providence Umuziga, and Beata Mukarusanga. "Community Resilience and Community Interventions for Post-Natal Depression: Reflecting on Maternal Mental Health in Rwanda." In Women's Mental Health, 343–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17326-9_23.

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Mukamana, Donatilla, Lisa Lopez Levers, Kenya Johns, Darius Gishoma, Yvonne Kayiteshonga, and Achour Ait Mohand. "A Community-Based Mental Health Intervention: Promoting Mental Health Services in Rwanda." In Innovations in Global Mental Health, 1–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70134-9_36-1.

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Zraly, Maggie, and Marie Grâce Kagoyire. "Resilience and Ethics in Post-conflict Settings: Kwihangana, Living After Genocide Rape, and Intergenerational Resilience in Post-genocide Rwanda." In Global Mental Health Ethics, 207–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66296-7_13.

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Björgvinsson, Thröstur, Myria Ioannou, Eugène Rutembesa, Anastasios Petrou, Georgia Christou, and Alexandros Lordos. "Adapting a transdiagnostic mental health approach based on prescriptive matching in post-genocide Rwanda." In Public Health, Mental Health, And Mass Atrocity Prevention, 203–24. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003105084-16.

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Mukashema, Immaculée, Joseph Gumira Hahirwa, Alexandre Hakizamungu, and Lambert Havugintwari. "Protective Factors of Marriage Lastingness in Traditional Rwandan Society." In Psychosocial Well-Being and Mental Health of Individuals in Marital and in Family Relationships in Pre- and Post-Genocide Rwanda, 87–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74560-8_6.

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Mukashema, Immaculée, Joseph Gumira Hahirwa, Alexandre Hakizamungu, and Lambert Havugintwari. "Prevention and Management of Destructive Marital Conflict in Pre-genocide Rwandan Society." In Psychosocial Well-Being and Mental Health of Individuals in Marital and in Family Relationships in Pre- and Post-Genocide Rwanda, 105–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74560-8_7.

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Mukashema, Immaculée. "General Introduction." In Psychosocial Well-Being and Mental Health of Individuals in Marital and in Family Relationships in Pre- and Post-Genocide Rwanda, 1–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74560-8_1.

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Mukashema, Immaculée. "General Conclusion." In Psychosocial Well-Being and Mental Health of Individuals in Marital and in Family Relationships in Pre- and Post-Genocide Rwanda, 195–205. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74560-8_10.

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Mukashema, Immaculée. "Intimate Partner Violence, Destructive Marital Conflict, Domestic and Family Violence in Post-genocide Rwandan Society." In Psychosocial Well-Being and Mental Health of Individuals in Marital and in Family Relationships in Pre- and Post-Genocide Rwanda, 121–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74560-8_8.

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Mukashema, Immaculée, Joseph Gumira Hahirwa, Alexandre Hakizamungu, and Lambert Havugintwari. "Socio-Cultural Causes of Marriage Destruction in Ancient Rwandan Society." In Psychosocial Well-Being and Mental Health of Individuals in Marital and in Family Relationships in Pre- and Post-Genocide Rwanda, 71–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74560-8_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Mental health personnnel – Mental health – Rwanda"

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Alice, Umuhoza. "Lb6.26 Hiv and mental health: neuropsychiatric aspect of hiv infected individuals at kigali, rwanda." In STI and HIV World Congress Abstracts, July 9–12 2017, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2017-053264.677.

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