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Journal articles on the topic 'Mental illness – Genetic aspects'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 March 2023

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1

Wong, J. G. "Genetic discrimination and mental illness: a case report." Journal of Medical Ethics 27, no. 6 (December 1, 2001): 393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.27.6.393.

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Macedo, P., M. Silva, A. Fornelos, A. R. Figueiredo, and S. Nunes. "Mental Health Stigma: What's Been Done? Where to Go?" European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): s245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.023.

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IntroductionNegative attitudes towards psychiatric patients still exist in our society. Persons suffering from mental illness frequently encounter public stigma and may internalize it leading to self-stigma. Discrimination occurs across many aspects of economic and social existence. It may represent a barrier for patients to receive appropriate care. Many anti-stigma campaigns have been taken to decrease people's prejudice, but its effects are not well documented.ObjectivesTo characterize anti-stigma initiatives and its effects on diminishing negative consequences of stigma.MethodsBibliographi

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Johansson Soller, M., R. Moldovan, C. Ingvoldstad Malmgren, A. Cuthbert, and M. Rietschel. "How to do genetic counseling in psychiatry?" European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.158.

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Genetic counselling has been defined as the process of helping people “understand and adapt to medical, psychosocial, and familial aspects of genetic conditions.” It can also help patients and families deal with stigma and understand the significance of possible genetic findings. Psychiatric genetic counselling (PGC) is an emerging field aimed to help people with a personal or family history of psychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or neuropsychiatric conditions, to understand genetic etiological mechanisms as a critical component. Counselling strategies are used to id

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Mendez, Mario F. "Huntington's Disease: Update and Review of Neuropsychiatric Aspects." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 24, no. 3 (September 1994): 189–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/hu6w-3k7q-nael-xu6k.

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Objective: This article presents a general update on Huntington's disease (HD) and reviews the psychiatric and cognitive features of this disorder. Method: HD is discussed in five sections: an introduction and update, the psychiatric aspects, the cognitive aspects, brain-behavior relationships, and the differential diagnosis and management. Results: Recent advancements in HD include the identification of presymptomatic testing methods and HD gene defect, structural and metabolic neuroimaging findings, and a neuropsychological profile. HD is associated with mood disorders, personality changes,

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Greenwood, Tiffany A. "Creativity and Bipolar Disorder: A Shared Genetic Vulnerability." Annual Review of Clinical Psychology 16, no. 1 (May 7, 2020): 239–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050718-095449.

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Bipolar disorder is a lifelong mood disorder characterized by extreme mood swings between mania and depression. Despite fitness costs associated with increased mortality and significant impairment, bipolar disorder has persisted in the population with a high heritability and a stable prevalence. Creativity and other positive traits have repeatedly been associated with the bipolar spectrum, particularly among unaffected first-degree relatives and those with milder expressions of bipolar traits. This suggests a model in which large doses of risk variants cause illness, but mild to moderate doses

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Rybakowski, Janusz K. "Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9)—A Mediating Enzyme in Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer, and Neuropsychiatric Disorders." Cardiovascular Psychiatry and Neurology 2009 (August 31, 2009): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/904836.

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Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) has been implicated in numerous somatic illnesses, including cardiovascular disorders and cancer. Recently, MMP9 has been shown to be increasingly important in several aspects of central nervous system activity. Furthermore, a pathogenic role for this enzyme has been suggested in such neuropsychiatric disorders as schizophrenia, bipolar illness, and multiple sclerosis. In this paper, the results of biochemical and molecular-genetic studies on MMP9 that have been performed in these pathological conditions will be summarized. Furthermore, I hypothesize that the

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Vamos, M., J. Conaghan, and T. Lewin. "Exploring sources and types of information about Huntington disease received by affected families." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.654.

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IntroductionWhile revealing the presence of Huntington Disease (HD) within the family setting has received considerable research interest, the sources of information and the detail of which aspects of the illness are discussed remains unexplored. This study's primary aim was to identify HD information sources, both professional and family, and to describe the types of information received by members of affected families, with the hypothesis that some aspects of the disorder would be more fully addressed than others.MethodClients drawn from a specialist genetic unit looking after families with

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Glatt, Stephen J., William S. Stone, Stephen V. Faraone, Larry J. Seidman, and Ming T. Tsuang. "Psychopathology, personality traits and social development of young first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia." British Journal of Psychiatry 189, no. 4 (October 2006): 337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.105.016998.

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BackgroundEvaluation of individuals at high genetic risk of schizophrenia is a powerful method for identifying precursors of the illness.AimsTo identify aspects of personality, psychopathology and social development that differentiate high-risk and control individuals.MethodAdolescent and young-adult first-degree relatives (n=35) of people with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and a control group (n=55) were compared on 36 measures at baseline of a longitudinal study Measures differentiating high-risk and control participants were related to four genetic loading indices.ResultsHigh-ri

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Shah, Ajit, Ravi Bhat, Sheena McKenzie, and Chris Koen. "Elderly suicide rates: cross-national comparisons and association with sex and elderly age-bands." Medicine, Science and the Law 47, no. 3 (July 2007): 244–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/rsmmsl.47.3.244.

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Suicide rates generally increase with age. Examination of cross-national variations in elderly suicide rates may allow the generation of aetiological hypotheses. Suicide rates for males and females in the age-bands 65-74 years and 75+ years were ascertained from the World Health Organisation website for all the listed countries. Cross-national variations were examined by segregating different countries into four quartiles of elderly suicide rates. Suicide rates between males and females and between the two age-bands were compared across different countries. The main findings were: (i) there is

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Schwartz, M., M. Moskalewicz, E. Schwartz, and O. Wiggins. "Mental illness is an inevitable consequence of the singular diversity of human beings." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S329—S330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.267.

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Nowadays, cosmopolitan populations increasingly applaud the broad physical, ethnic, racial, and cultural diversity of human beings. So long as we behave within sanctioned norms. This presentation will focus upon the above paradox: In contrast to delighting in physical, ethnic and cultural expressions of human diversity, present-day cosmopolitan societies increasingly call for conformity in behavioral and experiential realms. For example, at meetings such as this, we can freely express and celebrate racial, ethnic, and culturally differences, but we must communicate–within remarkably narrow ran

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Ventegodt, Søren, Isack Kandel, and Joav Merrick. "First Do No Harm: An Analysis of the Risk Aspects and Side Effects of Clinical Holistic Medicine Compared With Standard Psychiatric Biomedical Treatment." Scientific World JOURNAL 7 (2007): 1810–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2007.268.

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Clinical holistic medicine (CHM) is short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) complemented with bodywork and philosophical exercises, to be more efficient in treating patients with severe mental and physical illness. STPP has already been found superior to psychiatric treatment as usual (TAU) and thus able to compete with psychiatric standard treatment as the treatment of choice for all non-organic mental illnesses; we have found the addition of bodywork and philosophy of life to STPP to accelerate the process of existential healing and recovery (salutogenesis). In this paper we compare th

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Sessa, Ben, and Hilary Sutherland. "Addressing mental health needs of deaf children and their families: the National Deaf Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service." Psychiatrist 37, no. 5 (May 2013): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.112.038604.

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SummaryRates of developmental delay, autism and mental illness in deaf children are higher than in hearing children. Early language acquisition (signed or spoken) is a protective factor against mental disorder. Deaf children and their families are often given conflicting messages and advice about their upbringing and many are unable to access generic child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS). We describe the National Deaf CAMHS, a service that has been set up to answer the needs of this group of patients. It uses specialist intervention which incorporates some aspects of Deaf awarene

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Cohen, Peter J. "Untreated Addiction Imposes an Ethical Bar to Recruiting Addicts for Non-Therapeutic Studies of Addictive Drugs." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 30, no. 1 (2002): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2002.tb00722.x.

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The mental illness of substance dependence or addiction is responsible for major economic, social, and personal costs. If we are to elucidate its etiology, understand its mechanisms, and eventually bring it under control, scientific investigation is essential. Research in animals and humans has enhanced our understanding of this disease through examination of genetic, neurophysiological, biochemical, and behavioral factors. But because animals cannot verbalize their subjective responses to drugs and because significant symptoms of addiction (e.g., craving, impaired control, and compulsive use)

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Markova, Кsenija V., Natalia V. Skripchenko, Yuriy V. Lobzin, Vadim E. Karev, Alla A. Vilnits, Eugeniy Yu Gorelik, Elvira A. Martens, and Sergey V. Sidorenko. "Meningococcal infection in modern conditions: clinical, microbiological and preventive aspects." Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 11, no. 3 (August 19, 2020): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped11381-92.

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The problem of meningococcal infection remains relevant due to the high epidemiological and social significance throughout the world, the unpredictability of the course, a wide range of clinical manifestations (from asymptomatic carriage to extremely severe generalized forms) with a high risk of life-threatening conditions and deaths, and a significant incidence of disability after past illness (loss of limbs, deafness, mental inferiority, and more). The changing serogroup landscape of meningococcal infection with an increase in the incidence of diseases caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogr

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Abreu Agrela Rodrigues, Fabiano de, and Roselene do Espírito Santo Wagner. "THE BRAIN'S RELATIONSHIP TO MENTAL DISORDERS." Journal Health and Technology - JHT 1, no. 3 (October 3, 2022): e1317. http://dx.doi.org/10.47820/jht.v1i3.17.

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Mental disorder is a dysfunction of brain activity that can affect an individual's mood, behavior, reasoning, learning, and communication. It is a silent disease that can be present at any stage of life. Its reflexes occur at the psychological level and may have physical symptoms, depending on the stage of the illness. Commonly associated with suffering are anxiety disorders, depression, panic syndrome, chemical dependency, bipolar disorder, and others. Each individual manifests his or her pathology in a unique way, and the management must also be personalized. The disorder has multiple causes

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Cowan, Tovah, Zachary B. Rodriguez, Ole Edvard Granrud, Michael D. Masucci, Nancy M. Docherty, and Alex S. Cohen. "Talking about Health: A Topic Analysis of Narratives from Individuals with Schizophrenia and Other Serious Mental Illnesses." Behavioral Sciences 12, no. 8 (August 13, 2022): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12080286.

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Individuals with schizophrenia have higher mortality and shorter lifespans. There are a multitude of factors which create these conditions, but one aspect is worse physical health, particularly cardiovascular and metabolic health. Many interventions to improve the health of individuals with schizophrenia have been created, but on the whole, there has been limited effectiveness in improving quality of life or lifespan. One potential new avenue for inquiry involves a more patient-centric perspective; understanding aspects of physical health most important, and potentially most amenable to change

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Crow, T. J. "Sex Chromosomes and Psychosis." British Journal of Psychiatry 153, no. 5 (November 1988): 675–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.153.5.675.

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Although the incidence of the recurrent psychoses (bipolar affective illness and schizophrenia) in the two sexes is approximately equal, gender influences a number of aspects of major psychiatric disease: unipolar depressive illness is twice as common in females, onset of schizophrenia is earlier and outcome is worse in males, and pairs of psychotic first-degree relatives are more often than expected of the same sex. In addition, sex chromosomal aneuploidies (e.g. XXY and XXX) are more frequent in patients with psychosis. Some of these findings can be explained if there is a major locus of pre

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Radanovic, Marcia, Rafael T. de Sousa, L. Valiengo, Wagner Farid Gattaz, and Orestes Vicente Forlenza. "Formal Thought Disorder and language impairment in schizophrenia." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 71, no. 1 (December 18, 2012): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2012005000015.

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Schizophrenia is a psychiatric illness in which disorders of thought content are a prominent feature. The disruption of normal flow of thought, or “Formal Thought Disorder” (FTD), has been traditionally assessed through the content and form of patients’ speech, and speech abnormalities in schizophrenia were considered as a by-product of the disruption in conceptual structures and associative processes related to psychosis. This view has been changed due to increasing evidence that language per se is impaired in schizophrenia, especially its semantic, discursive, and pragmatic aspects. Schizoph

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Van Bost, Gunther, Stefaan Van Damme, and Geert Crombez. "The role of acceptance and values in quality of life in patients with an acquired brain injury: a questionnaire study." PeerJ 5 (July 6, 2017): e3545. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3545.

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ObjectiveAn acquired brain injury (ABI) is a challenge for an individual’s quality of life (QOL). In several chronic illnesses acceptance has been found to be associated with a better health-related quality of life. This study investigated whether this relationship is also found in patients with ABI. We also explored the impact of the perceived ability to live according to one’s own values (life-values-match).MethodsA total of 68 individuals (18–65 years of age) with an acquired brain injury completed a battery of questionnaires. The relations between health-related QOL (SF-36) and disease spe

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Graham, Candida, Crystal Rollings, Sarah de Leeuw, Lesley Anderson, Brenda Griffiths, and Nansi Long. "A Qualitative Study Exploring Facilitators for Improved Health Behaviors and Health Behavior Programs: Mental Health Service Users’ Perspectives." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/870497.

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Objective.Mental health service users experience high rates of cardiometabolic disorders and have a 20–25% shorter life expectancy than the general population from such disorders. Clinician-led health behavior programs have shown moderate improvements, for mental health service users, in managing aspects of cardiometabolic disorders. This study sought to potentially enhance health initiatives by exploring (1) facilitators that help mental health service users engage in better health behaviors and (2) the types of health programs mental health service users want to develop.Methods.A qualitative

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Li, Caifeng, Zhen Wei, Yifan Wang, and Long Sun. "Associations between Suicidal Ideation and Relatives’ Physical and Mental Health among Community Residents: Differences between Family Members and Lineal Consanguinity." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (November 30, 2022): 15997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315997.

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(1) Background: Despite the verified relationship between relatives’ characteristics and individual suicidal ideation, few studies have discussed the role of family members and lineal consanguinity independently according to whether they live together with the individuals or not. (2) Methods: The data in this study were collected in November 2019 and identified rural adults over 18 years old in Shandong as the survey objects, with a total of 879 valid cases included in this survey. Logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the risk factors affecting adults’ suicidal ideation and dif

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Malmberg, A., G. Lewis, A. David, and P. Allebeck. "Premorbid adjustment and personality in people with schizophrenia†." British Journal of Psychiatry 172, no. 4 (April 1998): 308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.172.4.308.

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BackgroundSchizoid personality and poor social adjustment have been thought of as common antecedents of schizophrenia but the existing literature is inconclusive. We have carried out a large cohort study with improved methodology.MethodThe premorbid personality and adjustment of 50 054 Swedish men were assessed on entry into the army at the age of 18. Individuals who developed schizophrenia or another psychosis after 15-year follow-up were identified. Odds ratios for variables independently associated with the later development of schizophrenia were calculated, adjusting for potential confound

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Yen, Po Yu, Muhammad Zaidi, and Syed Naqvi. "188 Challenges in Differentiating Between Obsession and Delusion in Schizophrenic Patients: A Case Report." CNS Spectrums 25, no. 2 (April 2020): 318–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852920001030.

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Abstract:Schizophrenia is a serious, chronic mental illness that manifests a variety of symptoms: hallucinations, delusion of grandiose, disorganized behaviors, and neurocognitive decline after each episode. Among the patients with schizophrenia, obsessive- compulsive symptoms (OCS) or obsessive- compulsive disorder (OCD) are two relatively common comorbidities (25% and 12.5%, respectively). The appearance of these comorbidities complicates patient management: selecting the suitable pharmacological treatment may be challenging as delusion and obsession have similar presentation in this populat

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Baker, Justin T., Daniel G. Dillon, Lauren M. Patrick, Joshua L. Roffman, Roscoe O. Brady, Diego A. Pizzagalli, Dost Öngür, and Avram J. Holmes. "Functional connectomics of affective and psychotic pathology." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 18 (April 15, 2019): 9050–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820780116.

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Converging evidence indicates that groups of patients with nominally distinct psychiatric diagnoses are not separated by sharp or discontinuous neurobiological boundaries. In healthy populations, individual differences in behavior are reflected in variability across the collective set of functional brain connections (functional connectome). These data suggest that the spectra of transdiagnostic symptom profiles observed in psychiatric patients may map onto detectable patterns of network function. To examine the manner through which neurobiological variation might underlie clinical presentation

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Carter, J. W., J. Parnas, A. Urfer-Parnas, J. Watson, and S. A. Mednick. "Intellectual functioning and the long-term course of schizophrenia-spectrum illness." Psychological Medicine 41, no. 6 (September 22, 2010): 1223–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291710001820.

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BackgroundRecent neurodevelopmental models of schizophrenia, together with substantial evidence of neurocognitive dysfunction among people with schizophrenia, have led to a widespread view that general cognitive deficits are a central aspect of schizophrenic pathology. However, the temporal relationships between intellectual functioning and schizophrenia-spectrum illness remain unclear.MethodLongitudinal data from the Copenhagen High-Risk Project (CHRP) were used to evaluate the importance of intellectual functioning in the prediction of diagnostic and functional outcomes associated with the s

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Almowallad, Sanaa, Leena S. Alqahtani, and Mohammad Mobashir. "NF-kB in Signaling Patterns and Its Temporal Dynamics Encode/Decode Human Diseases." Life 12, no. 12 (December 2, 2022): 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12122012.

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Defects in signaling pathways are the root cause of many disorders. These malformations come in a wide variety of types, and their causes are also very diverse. Some of these flaws can be brought on by pathogenic organisms and viruses, many of which can obstruct signaling processes. Other illnesses are linked to malfunctions in the way that cell signaling pathways work. When thinking about how errors in signaling pathways might cause disease, the idea of signalosome remodeling is helpful. The signalosome may be conveniently divided into two types of defects: phenotypic remodeling and genotypic

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Raduto, O. I. "Medical social factors affecting the effectiveness of the treatment of viral hepatitis patients." Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases 19, no. 5 (October 15, 2014): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/eid40836.

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There was performed the analysis of modern epidemiological, social and financial aspects of the hepatitis C treatment. There was considered the influence of some factors on the efficacy of the treatment efficacy, in particular, the genetic status of patients, stage of the disease, the development of side effects and patient compliance with the treatment regimen. Social factors were shown to include also the patient's race, language barriers, being in prison, availability of the treatment. The effectiveness of treatment for this group ofpatients is also influenced by the gender, young age, the

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Gutkevich, E., V. Lebedeva, S. Vladimirova, and A. Semke. "Mental health care of the family – Reality and innovative projects in the Russian practice." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S735. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1347.

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IntroductionPsychosocial functional deficiency of persons with mental disorders covers the most important kinds of activity: work, education, independent living, and interactions with people, family interactions. Important aspect of rehabilitation practice is work with the family, relatives, and the nearest environment of patients due to decrease in the field of marriage or stable cohabitation.ObjectiveTo determine adaptive-preventive potential of the family in the area of mental health.Material and methodsThe analysis of multilevel characteristics of adaptation of 414 adult persons (patients

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Ventegodt, Søren, Suzette Thegler, Tove Andreasen, Flemming Struve, Lars Enevoldsen, Laila Bassaine, Margrethe Torp, and Joav Merrick. "Clinical Holistic Medicine (Mindful,Short-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Complemented with Bodywork) in the Treatment of Experienced Mental Illness." Scientific World JOURNAL 7 (2007): 306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2007.67.

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Short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) complemented with bodywork improved 31 of 54 patients (57.4%, 95% CI: 43.21–70.77%) who rated themselves mentally ill before treatment. Calculated from this we find 1.41 < NNT < 2.31; we estimate NNH > 500. Of the 54 patients, 40% had already had traditional treatment that did not help them. Bodywork helped the patients to confront repressed painful feelings from childhood and this seemingly accelerated and improved the therapy. The patients received in average 20 sessions over 14 months at a cost of 1600 EURO. For the treatment responders

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Kar, Sujita Kumar, S. M. Yasir Arafat, Nisha Mani Pandey, Russell Kabir, and Shivangini Singh. "Suicide in the geriatric population of South East Asia - contexts and attributes." F1000Research 11 (October 27, 2022): 1223. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.126744.1.

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Suicide in the geriatric population is a significant problem. Increasing age, living alone, having a psychiatric illness and medical comorbidities have been identified as risk factors for suicide among the elderly population. The elderly population in South East Asia is rapidly growing and the number of elderly people with mental illness and/or medical comorbidities is also increasing. The factors and attributes of suicide may vary from region to region due to socio-cultural and geographic diversities. Understanding these factors may help in planning suicide prevention strategies for the elder

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Simpson, Hugh D., Zhibin Chen, Patrick Kwan, and Martin Brodie. "003 A markov/multi-state model of progression and dynamics of seizure freedom in in large cohort of patients with epilepsy." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 89, no. 6 (May 24, 2018): A2.3—A3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2018-anzan.3.

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IntroductionEpilepsy is a common and often highly morbid disease, associated with a not insignificant mortality. Some aspects of epilepsy have been well studied, for example the genetic basis and phenomenology of certain epilepsy syndromes, while other aspects such as long-term outcomes in large cohorts of epilepsy patients are less well studied. Mathematical modelling can assist in the analysis and interpretation of patterns and trends in long-term cohort data, that might not otherwise be obvious intuitively or using standard statistical methods.MethodsMarkov chain and state based modelling h

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Doumen, M., S. Pazmino, D. Bertrand, D. De Cock, J. Joly, R. Westhovens, and P. Verschueren. "POS0207 UNRAVELING THE COMPLEX INTERACTION BETWEEN DISEASE ACTIVITY AND FATIGUE IN EARLY RA: A MEDIATION ANALYSIS WITH DATA FROM THE CareRA TRIAL." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 339.1–340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1349.

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BackgroundFatigue is recognized as one of the most important symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although inflammation is often proposed as the predominant pathophysiological mechanism, many patients with RA continue to experience fatigue despite inflammatory disease control. The relationship between RA disease activity and fatigue appears to be complex and is likely confounded by cognitive, emotional and social aspects.ObjectivesTo unravel the complex interaction between disease activity and fatigue in early RA.MethodsData were analyzed from the 2-year treat-to-target trial Care in early R

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Alciati, Alessandra, Angelo Reggiani, Daniela Caldirola, and Giampaolo Perna. "Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Technology: Toward the Future of Personalized Psychiatry." Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 8 (August 20, 2022): 1340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081340.

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The polygenic and multifactorial nature of many psychiatric disorders has hampered implementation of the personalized medicine approach in clinical practice. However, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has emerged as an innovative tool for patient-specific disease modeling to expand the pathophysiology knowledge and treatment perspectives in the last decade. Current technologies enable adult human somatic cell reprogramming into iPSCs to generate neural cells and direct neural cell conversion to model organisms that exhibit phenotypes close to human diseases, thereby effectively r

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Wilson, L. S., P. Devitt, and O. Hally. "Standards of prescription writing in a long-term psychogeriatric unit: a series of clinical audits." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 32, no. 2 (October 13, 2014): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2014.58.

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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to improve the quality of prescription writing in a long-term psychogeriatric inpatient unit by a combination of serial audits and interventions designed to address the identified deficiencies.MethodsWe undertook three clinical audits of the prescription sheets used in an inpatient unit providing continuing care for residents with severe and enduring mental illness and dementia. Based on the findings of the first audit a set of prescribing guidelines was implemented into the ward. Following the second audit a new prescription sheet was developed. The format o

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King, C., L. Bracken, E. McDonough, M. Pirmohamed, M. Peak, and D. Hawcutt. "P45 The acceptability of using genetic information to guide treatment of asthma to children, young people, and parents (pilot study)." Archives of Disease in Childhood 104, no. 6 (May 17, 2019): e35.3-e36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-esdppp.83.

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BackgroundThere are multiple pharmacogenomic studies in children’s asthma. It has not been established how (or if) children, young people or their parents/legal guardians would accept use of their genetic information to guide their treatment.AimTo determine the views of CYP, and parents/legal guardians, on aspects of using genetic testing to guide management of childhood asthma.MethodsFocus group session with both the Liverpool’s young people advisory group (YPAG), and Parents’ group, at Alder Hey Children’s Hospital. Group members completed anonymous questionnaires determining the importance

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Lan, Yi-Feng Carol, Diane C. Zelman, and Wen-Tao Chao. "Angry characters and frightened souls: Patients and family explanatory models of bipolar disorder in Taiwan." Transcultural Psychiatry 55, no. 3 (March 19, 2018): 317–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461518761924.

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Bipolar disorder (BD) affects a significant proportion of Taiwanese individuals (Weissman et al., 1996; Yang, Yeh, & Hwu, 2012). Psychotropic medications are typically the mainstay of treatment for BD, and there is an abundance of international research on biological etiology and medication options. However, there is comparatively little research on psychosocial aspects of BD, including how it is understood and managed within families. As culture provides the context in which psychiatric disease is managed, there is a need to identify distinct Chinese psychosocial perspectives that might s

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Moritz, Steffen. "A Review on Quality of Life and Depression in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder." CNS Spectrums 13, S14 (2008): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900026894.

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AbstractQuality of life (QoL) is increasingly recognized as a pivotal outcome parameter in research on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). While the concept remains somewhat ill-defined, there is now little dispute that the patients’ personal goals deserve foremost consideration during the course of treatment as the primary aim of treatment should be relief from individual despair, which is related but by no means synonymous to symptom reduction. Studies using generic (ie, illness-unspecific) instruments have confirmed poor QoL in OCD patients across a wide range of domains, especially with r

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Stanciu, I., S. Siebert, D. Mackay, and D. Lyall. "OP0215 MENTAL HEALTH, SLEEP AND COGNITION CHARACTERISTICS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND ASSOCIATIONS WITH RHEUMATOID FACTOR STATUS IN THE UK BIOBANK." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 129.2–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1767.

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Background:There are significant gaps in the literature regarding sleep, mental health, and cognition for people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) despite being important aspects of patients’ overall quality of life. Similarly, there is a lack of understanding about the role of rheumatoid factor (RF) on these domains.Objectives:The aim of the current study was to characterize mental health, cognition, and sleep variables in people with RA and to compare these associations in people with positive RF (RF+) and negative RF (RF-) in a large population cohort.Methods:This cross-sectional study used ba

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Semydotska, Zh D., and M. Yu Neffa. "Harmonization of the personality and human health in the modern world." EMERGENCY MEDICINE 17, no. 1 (April 14, 2021): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/2224-0586.17.1.2021.225726.

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With the deepening contradictions between the technocratic and spiritual development of humankind, the need for spiritual healing is becoming increasingly urgent. The path to spiritual healing is marked by the need to rethink the place and role of a human in the universe. The curing of spirituality is the valeological paradigm of the 21st century. Spirituality closely interacts with the so-called physical vacuum, on one side, and with the physical structures of the personality, on the other. By acknowledging the spiritual and physical structure of the personality, the conventional medicine see

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Savage, Sharon A. "Beginning at the ends: telomeres and human disease." F1000Research 7 (May 1, 2018): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14068.1.

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Studies of rare and common illnesses have led to remarkable progress in the understanding of the role of telomeres (nucleoprotein complexes at chromosome ends essential for chromosomal integrity) in human disease. Telomere biology disorders encompass a growing spectrum of conditions caused by rare pathogenic germline variants in genes encoding essential aspects of telomere function. Dyskeratosis congenita, a disorder at the severe end of this spectrum, typically presents in childhood with the classic triad of abnormal skin pigmentation, nail dystrophy, and oral leukoplakia, accompanied by a ve

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Ventegodt, Søren, Suzette Thegler, Tove Andreasen, Flemming Struve, Lars Enevoldsen, Laila Bassaine, Margrethe Torp, and Joav Merrick. "Clinical Holistic Medicine (Mindful, Short-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Complemented with Bodywork) in the Treatment of Experienced Physical Illness and Chronic Pain." Scientific World JOURNAL 7 (2007): 310–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2007.68.

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We investigated the treatment effect of psychodynamic short-term therapy complemented with bodywork on patients who presented with physical illness at the Research Clinic for Holistic Medicine in Copenhagen. Psychodynamic short-term therapy was complemented with bodywork (Marion Rosen) to help patients confront old emotional pain from childhood trauma(s). Patients were measured with a five-item quality of life and health questionnaire (QOL5), a one-item questionnaire of self-assessed quality of life (QOL1), and four questions on self-rated ability to love and to function sexually, socially, an

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Iles-Caven, Yasmin, Iain Bickerstaffe, Kate Northstone, and Jean Golding. "Spiritual and religious beliefs and behaviour: data collected from 27/28-year-old offspring in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, 2019-2020." Wellcome Open Research 6 (August 24, 2021): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17153.1.

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Religious/spiritual belief and practices have sometimes been demonstrated to have positive associations with outcomes such as coping with serious illness, anxiety, depression, negative life events and general well-being, and therefore warrants consideration in many facets of health research. For example, increasing secularisation evidenced, particularly in the West, may reflect increasing rates of depression and anxiety. Very few studies have charted the ways in which religious/spiritual beliefs and practices of parents and their offspring vary longitudinally or between generations. Avon Longi

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BARON, MIRON. "Genetic linkage in mental illness." Nature 346, no. 6285 (August 1990): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/346618a0.

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Baron, Miron, Jean Endicott, and Jurg Ott. "Genetic Linkage in Mental Illness." British Journal of Psychiatry 157, no. 5 (November 1990): 645–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.157.5.645.

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Advances in genetic linkage strategies, including techniques of molecular genetics, augur well for the discovery of disease-related genes in mental disorders. Recent studies showing linkage of chromosomal loci to bipolar affective illness and schizophrenia attest to the potential in the ‘new genetics'. However, the failure to replicate some of the early findings has led to calls for re-evaluation of the methodology in psychiatric research. Problems in studying complex (psychiatric) disorders include diagnostic uncertainties, unclear mode of transmission, aetiological heterogeneity, cohort effe

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Patil, Sngeeta, Prabhuswami Hiremath, and Mahadeo Shinde. "Impact of Back Massage on Physical and Psychological Measures in Chronically Ill Patients." International Journal of Current Research and Review 13, no. 17 (2021): 192–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31782/ijcrr.2021.131736.

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Introduction: The significance of massage in providing nursing care is frequently overlooked. Massage therapy has been shown to have beneficial effects, both physically and psychologically, on the whole person. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of giving chronically ill patients a back massage on their physiological and psychological markers while they were getting care at a tertiary care centre. Methods and Material: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence that back massage has on the physiological and psychological parameters of patients who su

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Daramilas, Christos, and Rusi Jaspal. "Measuring patient satisfaction: Insights from social psychology." Social Psychological Review 19, no. 1 (2017): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsspr.2017.19.1.20.

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This article focuses on patient satisfaction, itself based on patient experience, as a means of tapping into patient quality of care. Current measures of patient satisfaction are inadequate. For instance, some do not acknowledge the role of cultural diversity, values, and identities in patient satisfaction. The main purpose of this article is to identify the aspects of an adequate measure of patient satisfaction. A brief review of existing scales is provided. More specifically, a small sample of scales in the following healthcare contexts is critically evaluated: primary care; out-of-hours pri

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Gomez, A., F. H. Butrus, P. Johansson, E. Åkerström, S. Soukka, S. Emamikia, Y. Enman, S. Pettersson, and I. Parodis. "FRI0168 ASSOCIATION OF OVERWEIGHT/OBESITY WITH IMPAIRED HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 668–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4016.

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Background:Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) experience a considerably impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL) compared with the general population. Previous literature has implied an association between high body mass index (BMI) and HRQoL diminutions. However, data are scarce and further exploration in large study populations and, importantly, with regard to the clinical significance of this association is needed.Objectives:The aim of this study was to determine whether overweight and/or obesity were associated with impaired physical and/or mental HRQoL aspects in the

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Coverdale, John, Raymond Nairn, and Donna Claasen. "Depictions of Mental Illness in Print Media: A Prospective National Sample." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 36, no. 5 (October 2002): 697–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2002.00998.x.

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Objective: Because there are no published reports of depictions of mental illness in print media based on national samples, we set out to prospectively collect and analyse a near complete New Zealand sample of print media. Methods: A commercial clipping bureau was contracted to provide cuttings of all items with any mental health or illness aspect over a four week period. These items were analysed for potentially positive and negative depictions and how mental illness was represented within each item. An independent search for additional newspaper items concerning one prominently featured topi

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Pritchard, Dewi B., and Brian Harris. "Aspects of Perinatal Psychiatric Illness." British Journal of Psychiatry 169, no. 5 (November 1996): 555–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.169.5.555.

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BackgroundIn view of the current changes in the National Health Service, it was considered an opportune time to review the literature on perinatal psychiatric illness.MethodA systematic review was undertaken of relevant articles on medline, ClinPsych and Excerpta Medica Psychiatry.ResultsSixty-eight articles were used in the review.ConclusionsDevelopments in the field of perinatal psychiatry include a greater understanding of the nosology and aetiology of the conditions, the effect of maternal illness on the child as well as transcultural factors. The perspective of the individual sufferer has

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Ahmad Mir, Javaid, Bushra Mushtaq, and Onaisa Aalia Mushtaq. "Mental illness vs mental retardation." IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology 8, no. 1 (March 15, 2022): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmpo.2022.003.

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Mental illness and mental retardation are completely two different terms and with two different concepts in them and cannot be used interchangeably. Mental illness can be caused by number of causes like genetic causes, environmental causes and chemical imbalances in the brain. While mental retardation in the imbalance in normal development of the brain in an individual by which it can be categorized into mild Estimates of the prevalence of comorbidity of psychiatric disorders and mental retardation in community and clinical populations range from 14.3 to 67.3 percent. Mental illness can be des

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