Academic literature on the topic 'Mental load/workload'
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Journal articles on the topic "Mental load/workload"
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Adi Nugroho and Amalia. "STUDY OF PHYSICAL AND MENTAL WORKLOAD IN THE SMALL-SCALE TOFU INDUSTRY: AN ERGONOMIC PERSPECTIVE USING CARDIOVASCULAR LOAD AND NASA-TLX." MORFAI JOURNAL 5, no. 1 (2025): 519–28. https://doi.org/10.54443/morfai.v5i1.2653.
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Human labor is still widely used by Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia, especially those in the food processing sector, such as the tofu industry. Manual labor can place significant physical and mental demands on workers, especially when the number of workers is not proportional to the demands of the tasks assigned. Excessive workload in these aspects may result in fatigue and decreased productivity. This study aims to assess both physical and mental workloads in the production workstation by identifying workload intensity, including mental and physical aspects experienced by workers. The workloads with the greatest levels will be determined for more research and solutions. Cardiovascular Load (CVL) is used to measure physical workload, and National Aeronautical and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) is used to assess mental workload. These methods have identified varying degrees of physical and mental strain across different job roles. The results show that the cooking and filtering phases are key areas that demand particular focus. Workers in the cooking and filtering areas had respective CVL values of 30.60% and 30.24%, while the mental workloads assessed using the NASA-TLX reached 80.33 and 81.33.
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Rahmawan, Ummu Khaerat, Syamsiar S. Russeng, Masyitha Muis, Rafael Djajakusli, Lalu Muhammad Saleh, and Wahiduddin. "Exploring the Impact of Workload And Fatigue on Work Productivity Among Workers of the Makassar New Port Toll Access Road Project." Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 11, no. 5 (2023): e849. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i5.849.
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Objective: Fatigue is a combination of a decline in mental and physical performance that leads to lower morale and subsequently lower productivity at work. This study attempts to ascertain the impact of workload and weariness on job productivity in Makassar New Port Toll Access Road Project construction workers. Method: The research design was a cross sectional study with a sample size of 146 workers selected by accidental sampling. Chi-square test was used to examine the acquired data in univariate, bivariate, and multivariate settings utilizing path analysis. Results: Then, it results showed that there is a relationship between physical workload and productivity (p=0.003), mental load affects work productivity (p=0.007), work fatigue affects work productivity (p=0.045), physical workload affects work fatigue (p=0.016), mental load on work fatigue (p=0.046). Based on the intervening test, physical workload has a direct effect on work productivity through job fatigue (p=0.003), mental load has a direct effect on work productivity through job fatigue (p=0.007) and physical workload has an indirect effect on work productivity through job fatigue (p=0.031), mental load has an indirect effect on work productivity through job fatigue (p=0.026). Conclusion: Furthermore, there is a significantly impacted by workload and work exhaustion. More investigation is being done on additional variables that may impact output at work. Implication of the research: This research can contribute to increasing public awareness of existing hazards that can impact health and productivity in the workplace. The results of this study can help employees and the general public by educating them about the elements that can lead to excessive workload, job burnout and reduced work productivity. Originality: This journal presents a study of physical and mental workloads on productivity in toll road construction workers. considering that previous studies have mostly discussed factory workers or employees, there are very few discussions in the construction sector regarding physical and mental loads simultaneously. This study discusses the relationship between physical and mental loads on productivity either through fatigue or not. these findings explain the importance of maintaining physical and mental health for construction workers so that workers remain productive at work.
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Liu, Jung-Chun, Kuei-An Li, Su-Ling Yeh, and Shao-Yi Chien. "Assessing Perceptual Load and Cognitive Load by Fixation-Related Information of Eye Movements." Sensors 22, no. 3 (2022): 1187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22031187.
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Assessing mental workload is imperative for avoiding unintended negative consequences in critical situations such as driving and piloting. To evaluate mental workload, measures of eye movements have been adopted, but unequivocal results remain elusive, especially those related to fixation-related parameters. We aimed to resolve the discrepancy of previous results by differentiating two kinds of mental workload (perceptual load and cognitive load) and manipulated them independently using a modified video game. We found opposite effects of the two kinds of mental workload on fixation-related parameters: shorter fixation durations and more fixations when participants played an episode with high (vs. low) perceptual load, and longer fixation durations and fewer fixations when they played an episode with high (vs. low) cognitive load. Such opposite effects were in line with the load theory and demonstrated that fixation-related parameters can be used to index mental workload at different (perceptual and cognitive) stages of mental processing.
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Sufyan, Agi Agus Setiawan, Yayan Mulyana, Afriani Kusumadewi, and Ilham Eka Santang. "Physical and Mental Workload Measurement on Warehouse Division Operators of PT.X Using Objective Workload and Subjectives Workload Assessment." Sainteks: Jurnal Sain dan Teknik 6, no. 2 (2024): 353–62. https://doi.org/10.37577/sainteks.v6i2.786.
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PT. X is one of the companies engaged in the Flavors and Fragrances. The role of employees as resources in work activities in the Warehouse Department is very important for the sustainability of work because almost all activities use human power, from receiving and storing, picking, packaging to loading, many still use human power and the most frequently done is the process of lifting and moving both raw materials and finished goods. The loads lifted are also diverse and in quite large quantities. Based on the results of interviews with operators, information was obtained that soreness in the waist, back and hands occurred as a result of poor work attitudes and heavy lifting loads. There are also psychological complaints experienced by the Warehouse Division due to the demands of work targets that are felt to be less relevant in each shift, causing stress and mental pressure that can affect performance and work results that are less than optimal. To determine the magnitude of the physical and mental workload of employees in the Warehouse Division, measurements were carried out using the hear rate reserve (%HR reserve) method and NASA-TLX (National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index) to see the physical and mental workload. From the measurement results, it is shown that the physical workload experienced is in the light and moderate categories ranging from 1% -43.5%, while for the mental load that has a high impact ranging from Weighted Workload (WWL).
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Castro, Spencer, Joel Cooper, and David Strayer. "Validating Two Assessment Strategies for Visual and Cognitive Load in a Simulated Driving Task." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (2016): 1899–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601432.
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With the emergence of vehicle-based technologies that could compete for attention due to visual and cognitive workloads in a driving environment, it is important to accurately assess the various components of potential distractions. Current Detection Response Task (DRT) measurements are sensitive to overall mental workload, but may not be useful for assessing visual workload. This study seeks to examine the ability of two unique extensions of DRTs to assess levels of cognitive and visual load in a lateral steering tracking task. Each DRT was tested in conditions that manipulated cognitive load, visual load, the combination of cognitive and visual load, and normal driving conditions. The data suggest that an altered design of the DRT may allow for reliable assessment of cognitive and visual loads simultaneously during a driving task. Measuring the components of different types of workload that lead to driver distraction may inform industry standards for assessing driver distraction in the vehicle.
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Setiawan, Heri, and Christofora Desi Kusmindari. "Redesain Metode Kerja Guna Reduksi Workload Fisik Dan Mental Pekerja Di Pt. Spu Palembang." Jurnal Tekno 17, no. 2 (2020): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33557/jtekno.v17i2.1081.
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PT. SPU Palembang is an industrial company that produces Hospital Furniture and Rehabilitation products with the trademark SHIMA. This study aims to reduce the physical and mental workload received by workers in the Machine Shop Department. This research is focused on the production process .Measurement of physical workload uses the calculation of the worker's heart rate by calculating the percentage of Cardiovascular Load (CVL). Measurement of mental workload using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) score calculation method. The results obtained based on the aspect of NASA-TLX before the proposal almost all workers receive a mental workload with a value of > 80 that is included in the category of heavy mental workloads except Milling-Drilling Workers (4) have a score < 80 in the category of moderate mental workload. After the proposal all workers have a score < 80 so that the mental workload received falls into the medium category. Based on the proposals applied to the Lathe Worker (1) and the Milling-Drilling Worker (4) namely the improvement of work methods in the process of turning, punching, and the proposed holding of a reminder as a tool to remember, the results obtained %CVL from both workers < 30%. Three other workers, although experiencing a decline, remained at > 30%. The category of mental workload received by workers from previously included in the category of heavy mental workload dropped to moderate
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Hudaningsih, Nurul. "ANALISIS BEBAN KERJA MENTAL PADA STAF UNIT PELAKSANA TEKNIS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE NASA TLX (STUDI KASUS: UNIVERSITAS TEKNOLOGI SUMBAWA)." Jurnal TAMBORA 3, no. 3 (2019): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.36761/jt.v3i3.401.
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Physical and mental activity is the main point that causes the workload to be commonly experienced by the staff. Therefore, the workload can be said to be a relationship between the ability of workers and the amount of pressure experienced in doing a job. Generally, workloads that are often experienced by technical service Unit staff (UPT) are mental workloads that are caused by working environment conditions (universities), tolerance in work and the amount of pressure experienced in the work. The scope that became the focus in this research is the Sumbawa University of Technology which has 10 UPT (UPT Library, UPT Language Center, UPT new student admissions, UPT International Office, UPT Scholarship, UPT Cooperation, UPT information technology, UPT Public relations and Protokoler, UPT creative spaces and UPT forest management education and research) which each UPT has different workloads. The measurement of mental workloads in this study uses The NASA TLX method (The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index) by means of The feeding and weight-bearing of The filling of the questionnaire by the staff in each UPT. The results showed that the UPT that has the lowest mental workload is the UPT Library (54.5), the moderate mental workload is the UPT Language Center (77.4), the highest mental workload i.e. UPT Scholarship (86.4).
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Putra, Reji Jaya, and Gaustama Putra. "Analisis Beban Kerja pada Operator Bagian Produksi dengan Menggunakan Metode NASA-TLX (Task Load Index) di PT. Ujong Neubok Dalam." Jurnal Optimalisasi 7, no. 2 (2021): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/jopt.v7i2.4352.
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Operator workload in a company can be grouped into low or high workloads. Operators feel the workload is low if each activity is carried out easily and safely so that it does not exceed the operator's capabilities. Meanwhile, a heavy workload is felt when the work exceeds the operator's ability limit which can cause fatigue and work accidents. PT Ujong Neubok Dalam is a company that produces Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and kernels. In the production section, there are workstations such as loading rump, sterilization, digester and press, clarification, and others. The production target is 270 tons/day of Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) which are produced into CPO. The demand for production targets resulted in complaints and discomfort felt by the production department operator. The purpose of this study was to analyze the workload and workload indicators of production operators using the NASA-TLX method. From the calculation results of 17 operators, the mental workload that is classified as high is felt by 7 operators with an average Weighted Workload (WWL) of 81-89, while 10 operators are classified as high mental workloads with a WWL value of 78-67. Of the 6 NASA-TLX indicators, 3 indicators have the highest mental workload values, namely physical needs (KF), effort (U), and work performance (PK) with details of the average value of 248 - 260.
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Lapai, Yolanda, Idham Halid Lahay, and Fentje Abdul Rauf. "Analisis Beban Kerja Mental Pada Mekanik Menggunakan Metode SWAT dan Metode QNBM." Jurnal Teknik 18, no. 1 (2020): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37031/jt.v18i1.61.
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Mental workload is the difference between the demands of a task workload with the maximum capacity of a person's mental capability in a motivated state. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of the mental burden of mechanics using the SWAT and QNBM methods. The results of the Subjective Workload Assessment Technique method for heavy service workload showed that the mechanics were 56.6% burdened. Mental workload dimensions for mechanics 1 and 3 are effort load, for mechanic 2 is time load. The category for light service is 11.11%, unburdened in the time load dimension for all mechanics. Nordic Body Map Questionnaire Method was 67%, with illness category included.
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Errina Febi Adriyanti, Heru Prastawa, and Novie Susanto. "Mental workload analysis using NASA-TASK LOAD INDEX on manual napkin tissue machine in PT. XYZ." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 23, no. 2 (2024): 482–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.2.2356.
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PT XYZ has packer workers tasked with packing tissue on the production floor. In their work, problems often arise related to employees' mental workloads, such as overtime due to irregular working hours, work stress, boredom, accumulation of work, and others. This paper aims to determine the value of mental workload in PT XYZ packer workers and identify factors that cause mental workload so that recommendations for improvement can be given. The subjects of this study were four packers. Data processing was carried out using the NASA - Task Load Index (TLX) method, which has six aspects, namely Mental Demand (MD), Physical Demand 9PD), Temporal Demand (TD), Own Performance (OP), Effort (EF), and Frustration (FR). The results showed that two packers had mental workload scores in the high category above 80, with the highest value of 83,6. So that recommendations can be given for improvements to the work environment and company managerial.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mental load/workload"
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FINOMORE, VICTOR S. JR. "EFFECTS OF FEATURE PRESENCE/ABSENCE AND EVENT ASYNCHRONY ON VIGILANCE PERFORMANCE AND PERCEIVED MENTAL WORKLOAD." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1143732659.
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Bashiri, Behzad. "Effects of task automation on the mental workload and situation awareness of operators of agricultural semi-autonomous vehicles." Elsevier, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30648.
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The effects of in-vehicle automation and driving assistant systems on the mental workload and situation awareness of drivers have been the interest of many studies; some of the implications of automation in such man-machine systems have been identified. Due to the introduction of advanced automated systems in agricultural machinery, farmers are currently working with semi-autonomous vehicles. A human factors perspective on the design of these systems will ensure safe and efficient operation of such man-machine systems.
In this study, a systematic approach was utilized to address human factors issues associated with operating a semi-autonomous agricultural vehicle, and to provide design recommendations. The study was carried out in three stages. First, a task analysis was used to identify tasks associated with operating an agricultural vehicle and to select appropriate experimental variables. Next, a preliminary experiment was performed to validate the test procedure and measurement techniques. Finally, the main experiment was administered. Experiments were conducted using the Tractor Driving Simulator located in the Agricultural Ergonomics Laboratory at the University of Manitoba. Thirty young experienced tractor drivers participated in this study. The experiment investigated the effects of i) vehicle steering task automation (VSTA) and ii) implement control and monitoring task automation (ICMTA) on mental workload and situation awareness of drivers.
It was found that ICMTA significantly affected situation awareness (and its underlying components) of the operator. The situation awareness of drivers increased as the automation support level increased, but the highest level of automation, where the participants were out of the task loop, resulted in low situation awareness, similar to the condition with no automation support. VSTA only reduced the attentional demand of the situation, one of the three components of the situation awareness, which had negative effect on overall situation awareness.
Based on the results from a subjective mental workload measure, moderate levels of mental workload were reported when the participants were involved in the implement control and monitoring task loop. The highest level of ICMTA reduced the average mental workload by 18%. Reaction time of drivers and number of errors committed by drivers both decreased as the automation level increased.<br>October 2015
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Lindahl, Lukas. "Representing Three-Dimensional Airspace on a Two-Dimensional screen : Visualizing altitude information on a radar screen for a decreased cognitive load." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-233179.
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This study was conducted at the Swedish Defense research agency as an attempt to understand affordances and limitations in visualizing altitude information for fighter controllers. The fighter controllers are subject to large quantities of numerical information from multiple sources simultaneously. Their duties are highly stressful and require large mental workload and situational awareness. Today, a large portion of information is represented visually, except for altitude. The altitude of a jet is represented only numerically on the screen, next to the icon representing an airplane. This thesis attempts to aid the users in their tasks, by determining if interactive visual information could benefit the current system. This study resulted in one prototype, where height was represented in three different ways, one using color coordination, one using different sizes and one mimicked the current numerical representation. These variations were evaluated in a user study, consisting of semi structured interviews along with benchmark tests. None of the suggested visual cues could be demonstrated as more efficient than the current representation, but a majority of participants preferred the version using varying sizes as this was considered more intuitive and held less limitations than the other version. Future research is encouraged as to successfully determine if altitude information can be visually represented for a decreased mental workload.<br>Denna studie genomfördes vid Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut som ett försök att utreda möjligheter och svårigheter med att visuellt presentera information om altitud för flygstridsledare. Flygstridsledare utsätts för stora mängder numerisk information, från ett flertal olika källor simultant. Derad uppgifter utförs under hög stress och kräver stor mental belastning samt situationsmedvetenhet. Idag representeras en stor mängd information visuellt, på flygstridsledarens radarskärm, med undantaget för höjden. Ett objekts altitud på skärmen representeras alltid numeriskt, bredvid ikonen för flygplan. Detta arbete har gjorts i avsikt att hjälpa flygstridsledaren i dennes uppgifter, genom att utreda om interaktiv visuell information kan vara av nytta för deras nuvarande system. Denna studie resulterade i en prototyp, i vilken höjd representerades på tre olika sätt. Genom färg med varierande opacitet, genom olika storlekar på objekten, samt den nuvarande numeriska metoden. Dessa versioner utvärderades i en användarstudie, bestående av semistrukturerade intervjuer samt benchmark test. Ingen av de föreslagna visualiseringarna kunde påvisas mer effektiv än det nuvarande systemet, men en majoritet av deltagarna föredrog versionen med varierande storlekar, eftersom detta ansågs mer intuitivt samt hade färre begränsningar. Vidare studier uppmanas för att med framgång avgöra om altituden kan representeras visuellt, för en minskad mental belastning.
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Simon, Philippe. "Contribution de l'analyse des mouvements oculaires à l'évaluation de la charge de travail mental." Valenciennes, 1993. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/39fc52f3-7c23-4e84-b9f8-144909a39990.
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Cette thèse concerne l'évaluation ergonomique de systèmes hommes-machines tels que les procédés industriels fortement automatises. Son but est d'établir une corrélation entre l'activité oculaire d'un opérateur de supervision et sa charge de travail mental. Une synthèse bibliographique sur les principaux facteurs influant sur la perception visuelle a permis de sélectionner un certain nombre de caractéristiques du comportement oculaire, caractéristiques constituant autant d'indices potentiels de charge de travail. Une expérimentation a alors été réalisée en vue de tester ces indices. Les résultats les plus satisfaisants ont été obtenus en étudiant les stratégies visuelles de l'opérateur, c'est-à-dire l'organisation globale de sa prise d'information. On observe, dans le cadre de nos expérimentations, une structuration de l'activité oculaire (caractérisée par les chemins oculaires) lorsque la charge de travail augmente. Des travaux expérimentaux complémentaires s'imposent, mais d'ores et déjà des techniques sont proposées en vue d'exploiter ce type de résultat en situation réelle de travail.
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Eziolisa, Ositadimma Nnanna. "Investigation of Capabilities of Observers in a Watch Window Study." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1401889055.
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Sun, Sanjun. "Measuring difficulty in English-Chinese translation: Towards a general model of translation difficulty." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1340740285.
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Thorslund, Birgitta. "Effects of hearing loss on traffic safety and mobility." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-111933.
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The aim of this PhD thesis was to investigate traffic safety and mobility for individuals with hearing loss (HL). Three studies were conducted: 1. a questionnaire survey aimed to evaluate differences in choice of transportation that might be related to HL, 2. a driving simulator study that looked into compensatory strategies and evaluated the efficiency of a tactile signal to alert the driver, and 3. a field study to evaluate these effects in real traffic and to evaluate a navigation system with a supportive tactile signal. The effects of HL discovered in this thesis add to the knowledge and understanding of the influence of HL on traffic safety and mobility. Differences found consistently point to a generally more cautious behavior. Compensatory and coping strategies associated with HL are bound to driving complexity and appear when complexity increases. These strategies include driving at lower speeds, using a more comprehensive visual search behavior and being less engaged in distracting activities. Evaluation of a tactile signal showed that by adding a tactile modality, some driver assistance systems can also be made accessible to drivers with HL. At the same time, the systems might be more effective for all users, since the driver can be more focused on the road. Based on the results in this thesis, drivers with HL cannot be considered an increased traffic safety risk, and there should be no need for adjustments of the requirements of hearing for a license to drive a car.<br>Syftet med den här doktorsavhandlingen var att undersöka trafiksäkerhet och mobilitet för individer med hörselnedsättning (HN). Tre studier har genomförts: 1. en enkätstudie för att undersöka skillnader i transportvanor relaterade till HN, 2. en körsimulatorstudie for att titta på kompensatoriska strategier och utvärdera effektiviteten i en taktil signal för att påkalla förarens uppmärksamhet och 3. en fältstudie för att undersöka effekterna i riktig trafik samt utvärdera ett navigationssystem med en taktil signal som stöd för navigering. Effekterna av HN som kom fram i denna avhandling bidrar till kunskapen och förståelsen för hur HN påverkar trafiksäkerhet och mobilitet. De funna skillnaderna pekar konsistent mot ett generelltmera försiktigt beteende. Kompensatoriska - och copingstrategier förknippade med HN beror på körkomplexitet och observeras när komplexiteten ökar. Dessa strategier innebär körning med lägre hastighet, mera heltäckande visuell avsökning och mindre engagemang i distraherande uppgifter. Utvärdering av en taktil signal visade att genom att lägga till en taktil modalitet kan vissa förarstödsystem bli tillgängliga även för förare med HN. Samtidigt kan systemen bli mera effektiva för alla användare eftersom föraren då kan fokusera mera på vägen. Baserat på resultaten i den här avhandlingen kan inte förare med HN betraktas som någon förhöjd risk och det bör därmed inte finnas något behov av att justera hörselkraven när det gäller körkortsinnehav.
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Kruger, Adele. "A systems approach to the assessment of mental workload in a safety-critical environment." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29407.
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The objective of this study is to develop a quantified method for determining the mental workload imposed on train control officers (TCOs) and to express this mental workload by means of an index that is objective and can stand up to the tests of validity and reliability. The method addresses an existing operational shortcoming in Spoornet train control operations and could be used as a tool for predicting the mental workload imposed on operators at particular train control centres. The method could be applied to manage and improve operational safety in the rail transport environment. A participative systems approach was followed in the development of the measuring methodology. A work group comprising expert users of the specific train control system was involved in identifying task factors and assigning weights for task and moderating factors. The newly developed Mental Workload Index (MWLI) consists of three task factors and eleven moderating factors, each with a different weight in terms of its contribution to overall mental workload. The work group performed several iterations to reach final consensus on the following task factors and their respective contributions to the MWLI: the number of data transactions, the number of authorisations, and the number of communications via telephone and radio. The systems approach used in the development process is discussed, and the final index with the task and moderating factors is presented. In conclusion, the value and possible application of the MWLI are discussed. The MWLI is shown to provide an objective method for the assessment and prediction of mental workload in the train control environment.<br>Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2008.<br>Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering<br>unrestricted
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López, Higuera Ana Isabel. "Diâmetro pupilar e fadiga mental em tarefas de controle de tráfego aéreo." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11584.
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Researches point out that the pupil diameter is a sign for fatigue calibration. In this study, we try to analyze how, through a more complex task of air traffic control, the participants will show a bigger pupil diameter than in tasks of easier air traffic control. Likewise, as the theories that go in line with compensatory mechanisms assume, if the job/task requires it, new resources may be provided to continue its execution.
The sample had 61 participants, and two variables were manipulated: traffic density on condition many aircrafts and few aircrafts. And the other variable was the time on the task with 5 minute intervals for 2 hours (23 intervals). The dependent variable was the pupil diameter.
The results showed that participants who performed the most complex task had bigger pupil diameter. At the same time, they showed that more activity of the participant, major would be the diameter pupilar. Also, the variable TOT (Time Of Task) showed that the pupil diminished, and then it continued increasing due to a generation of new resources.<br>Diversas investigações sugerem que o diâmetro da pupila pode ser um indicador para a avaliação de fadiga. Neste estudo, procuramos analisar como a complexidade de uma tarefa de controle de tráfego aéreo, influencia a mudança do diâmetro da pupila. Além disso, como é assumido pelas teorias que estão de acordo com os mecanismos de compensação, se a tarefa exigir, podem ser disponibilizados novos recursos para continuar a execução da mesma.
A amostra foi constituída por 61 participantes, e manipularam-se duas variáveis: densidade de tráfego, com as condições muitos aviões e poucos aviõe; e tempo na tarefa com intervalos de 5 minutos durante 2 horas (23 intervalos). A variável dependente foi o diâmetro da pupila.
Os resultados mostraram que os participantes que realizaram a tarefa mais complexa tinha uma dimensão média da pupila mais elevada. Ao mesmo tempo, mostraram também uma correlação positiva entre a actividade do participante, e o diâmetro da pupila. A variável tempo na tarefa mostrou que a pupila diminuiu, para a seguir continuar a aumentar, demonstrando e apoiando a teoria dos novos recursos.<br>Investigaciones apuntan que el diámetro pupilar es un índice para la calibración de la fatiga. En el presente estudio, se intenta analizar cómo mediante una tarea más compleja de control de tráfico aéreo, los participantes tendrán un diámetro pupilar mayor que en tareas de control de tráfico aéreo más simples. Asimismo, tal y como asumen las teorías que van en la línea de los mecanismos compensatorios, si la tarea lo requiere, podrán suministrarse nuevos recursos para continuar con la ejecución en ésta.
La muestra contó con 61 participantes, donde se manipularon dos variables: densidad de tráfico con la condición muchos y pocos aviones y tiempo en la tarea con intervalos de 5 minutos durante dos horas (23 intervalos). La variable dependiente fue el diámetro pupilar.
Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron que los participantes que realizaron la tarea más compleja tenían mayor diámetro pupilar. Además, cuanta más actividad del participante, mayor sería el diámetro pupilar. A la vez, la variable TOT (Time Of Task) demostraba que la pupila disminuía, para luego continuar aumentando tras la generación de nuevos recursos.
Books on the topic "Mental load/workload"
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B, Sheridan Thomas, and Ames Research Center, eds. Effect of time span and task load on pilot mental workload. Man-Machine Systems Laboratory, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Mental load/workload"
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Othman, Norashiken, Ummi Noor Abdullah, and Fairuz Izzudiin Romli. "Evaluating Mental Workload Using Pupil Dilation and Nasa-Task Load Index." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63335-6_26.
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Yusuf, Anthony, Abiola Akanmu, Adedeji Afolabi, and Homero Murzi. "Prediction of Cognitive Load during Industry-Academia Collaboration via a Web Platform." In CONVR 2023 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality. Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3.06.
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Web platforms are increasingly being used to connect communities, including construction industry and academia. Design features of such platforms could impose excessive cognitive workload thereby impacting the use of the platform. This is a crucial consideration especially for new web platforms to secure users’ interest in continuous usage. Understanding users’ cognitive workloads while using web platforms could help make necessary modifications and adapt the features to users’ preferences. Users’ usage patterns can be leveraged to predict the needs of users. Hence, the pattern of cognitive demand that users experience can be used to predict the cognitive load of web platform users. This could provide insights, generate feedback, and identify areas of modification that are critical for sustaining acceptability of web platforms. Using recurrent neural network, this study adopts electroencephalogram (EEG) data as a physiological measure of brain activity to predict brain signals (cognitive load) of users while interacting with a web platform designed to connect industry and academia for future workforce development. This paper presents a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based approach to develop a model for predicting users’ cognitive load via EEG signals. Nineteen (19) potential end-users of the proposed web platform were recruited as participants in this study. The participants interacted with the web-platform in a real case scenario and their brain signals were captured using a five-channel EEG device. The validity of the proposed method was evaluated using root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), and comparison of the predicted and actual EEG signals and mental workload. The results revealed the reliability of the model and provided a suitable method for predicting users brain signals while using web platforms. This could be leveraged to understand users’ cognitive demand which could provide insights for web platform improvements to engender users’ continuous usage
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Yusuf, Anthony, Abiola Akanmu, Adedeji Afolabi, and Homero Murzi. "Prediction of Cognitive Load during Industry-Academia Collaboration via a Web Platform." In CONVR 2023 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality. Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3.06.
Full textAbstract:
Web platforms are increasingly being used to connect communities, including construction industry and academia. Design features of such platforms could impose excessive cognitive workload thereby impacting the use of the platform. This is a crucial consideration especially for new web platforms to secure users’ interest in continuous usage. Understanding users’ cognitive workloads while using web platforms could help make necessary modifications and adapt the features to users’ preferences. Users’ usage patterns can be leveraged to predict the needs of users. Hence, the pattern of cognitive demand that users experience can be used to predict the cognitive load of web platform users. This could provide insights, generate feedback, and identify areas of modification that are critical for sustaining acceptability of web platforms. Using recurrent neural network, this study adopts electroencephalogram (EEG) data as a physiological measure of brain activity to predict brain signals (cognitive load) of users while interacting with a web platform designed to connect industry and academia for future workforce development. This paper presents a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based approach to develop a model for predicting users’ cognitive load via EEG signals. Nineteen (19) potential end-users of the proposed web platform were recruited as participants in this study. The participants interacted with the web-platform in a real case scenario and their brain signals were captured using a five-channel EEG device. The validity of the proposed method was evaluated using root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), and comparison of the predicted and actual EEG signals and mental workload. The results revealed the reliability of the model and provided a suitable method for predicting users brain signals while using web platforms. This could be leveraged to understand users’ cognitive demand which could provide insights for web platform improvements to engender users’ continuous usage
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Hudson Darren, Kushniruk Andre W., and Borycki Elizabeth M. "Using the NASA Task Load Index to Assess Workload in Electronic Medical Records." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2015. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-488-6-190.
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Electronic medical records (EMRs) has been expected to decrease health professional workload. The NASA Task Load Index has become an important tool for assessing workload in many domains. However, its application in assessing the impact of an EMR on nurse's workload has remained to be explored. In this paper we report the results of a study of workload and we explore the utility of applying the NASA Task Load Index to assess impact of an EMR at the end of its lifecycle on nurses' workload. It was found that mental and temporal demands were the most responsible for the workload. Further work along these lines is recommended.
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Bustillos, Manuel Alejandro Barajas, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz, Juan Luis Hernández Arellano, and Liliana Avelar Sosa. "Considerations of the Mental Workload in Socio-Technical Systems in the Manufacturing Industry." In Advanced Macroergonomics and Sociotechnical Approaches for Optimal Organizational Performance. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7192-6.ch005.
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As cognitive tasks have displaced physical tasks in today's manufacturing industry, this sector can demand high levels of mental workload from workers. In certain situations, there is a high cognitive load, which affects operators reducing their attention to the task and causing them mental fatigue and distractions, resulting in errors that generate economic costs or even injuries to workers. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding the use of mental workload in the manufacturing sector. The methodology consisted of conducting a search in four databases. In the search, a combination of keywords was used, classifying each journal according to the mental workload evaluation means, the type of evaluation, and the area of application. Articles not focusing on the manufacturing area were discarded. Of the total of 3839 articles found, 12 have been selected. Regarding the methods used for mental load assessment, the analytic techniques were found to be the most frequently used.
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Bustillos, Manuel Alejandro Barajas, Aide Aracely Maldonado-Macías, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz, Juan Luis Hernández Arellano, and Liliana Avelar Sosa. "Considerations of the Mental Workload in Socio-Technical Systems in the Manufacturing Industry." In Research Anthology on Changing Dynamics of Diversity and Safety in the Workforce. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-2405-6.ch005.
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As cognitive tasks have displaced physical tasks in today's manufacturing industry, this sector can demand high levels of mental workload from workers. In certain situations, there is a high cognitive load, which affects operators reducing their attention to the task and causing them mental fatigue and distractions, resulting in errors that generate economic costs or even injuries to workers. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding the use of mental workload in the manufacturing sector. The methodology consisted of conducting a search in four databases. In the search, a combination of keywords was used, classifying each journal according to the mental workload evaluation means, the type of evaluation, and the area of application. Articles not focusing on the manufacturing area were discarded. Of the total of 3839 articles found, 12 have been selected. Regarding the methods used for mental load assessment, the analytic techniques were found to be the most frequently used.
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Gutierrez, Julio Cesar Cano, Jesús Everardo Olguín Tiznado, Claudia Camargo Wilson, and Juan Andrés López Barreras. "Psychosocial Factor Evaluation in Metal-Mechanic Workers With Particular Reference to Mental Load." In Advances in Psychology, Mental Health, and Behavioral Studies. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1052-0.ch007.
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The International Labour Organization (ILO) considers mental workload one of the most important psychosocial risk factors associated with the characteristics of the task and paramount in the metalworking industry. The objective was to analyze the levels of risk of the psychosocial factors that workers present, considering their physical, social, and mental environment, to respond to the Mexican Official Norm NOM-035-STPS and the ILO guidelines. The methodology consisted of applying to 125 workers a questionnaire of 74 items with 10 factors. The answers were assigned a score of 0 to 4 to later determine the risk level of each factor. The results revealed that the factors with the highest risk are working hours (93%), workload (71%), and lack of control over work (34%). It is concluded that the higher risk factors affect the mental workload of workers in the metalworking industry and associated with the characteristics of the tasks they perform.
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Morales, Ángel Fabián Campoya, Juan Luis Hernández Arellano, and Elvia Luz González-Muñoz. "Combined Methods for Physical and Mental Workload." In Research Anthology on Changing Dynamics of Diversity and Safety in the Workforce. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-2405-6.ch028.
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This chapter presents information about the methods that combine physical and mental workload/fatigue during ergonomic evaluation. The methods were identified through a systematic literature review. The search criteria were done through a literature search in databases like SciFinder, SciELO, ScienceDirect, etc. As result, the following methods are described: Global Load Scale, Multivariate Workload Assessment, Subjective Fatigue Symptoms Test, Fatigue Assessment Scale, Scale of Recovery for Exhaustion of Occupational Fatigue, Scale of Estimated Fatigue-Energy Points, Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory, NASA-TLX, Combined Cognitive and Physical Assessment, Laboratory Method of Economics and Sociology of Work, OWL Method, Ergonomic Checklist Method, RENAULT Method, Joyce Method, NERPA Method, ARBAN Method, and MAPFRE Method. As a conclusion, it is possible to affirm that there are some evaluation methods that provide better elements for an accurate evaluation, and others lack basic elements, which causes an incomplete/not accurate evaluation.
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Morales, Ángel Fabián Campoya, Juan Luis Hernández Arellano, and Elvia Luz González-Muñoz. "Combined Methods for Physical and Mental Workload." In Advances in Psychology, Mental Health, and Behavioral Studies. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1052-0.ch001.
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This chapter presents information about the methods that combine physical and mental workload/fatigue during ergonomic evaluation. The methods were identified through a systematic literature review. The search criteria were done through a literature search in databases like SciFinder, SciELO, ScienceDirect, etc. As result, the following methods are described: Global Load Scale, Multivariate Workload Assessment, Subjective Fatigue Symptoms Test, Fatigue Assessment Scale, Scale of Recovery for Exhaustion of Occupational Fatigue, Scale of Estimated Fatigue-Energy Points, Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory, NASA-TLX, Combined Cognitive and Physical Assessment, Laboratory Method of Economics and Sociology of Work, OWL Method, Ergonomic Checklist Method, RENAULT Method, Joyce Method, NERPA Method, ARBAN Method, and MAPFRE Method. As a conclusion, it is possible to affirm that there are some evaluation methods that provide better elements for an accurate evaluation, and others lack basic elements, which causes an incomplete/not accurate evaluation.
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Zimmer, Melanie, Ali Al-Yacoub, Pedro Ferreira, Ella-Mae Hubbard, and Niels Lohse. "Mental Workload of Local vs Remote Operator in Human-Machine Interaction Case Study." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde210008.
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Since late 2019, a novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally. As a result, businesses were forced to send their workforce into remote working, wherever possible. While research in this area has seen an increase in studying and developing technologies that allow and support such remote working style, not every sector is currently prepared for such a transition. Especially the manufacturing sector has faced challenges in this regard. In this paper, the mental workload of two groups of participants is studied during a human-robot interaction task. Participants were asked to bring a robotised cell used in a dispensing task to full production by tuning system parameters. After the experiment, a self-assessment of the participants’ perceived mental workload using the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) was used. The results show that remote participants tend to have lower perceived workload compared to the local participants.
Conference papers on the topic "Mental load/workload"
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Roja, Zenija, Henrijs Kalkis, and Marwan Babiker. "Interaction of Physical and Mental Strain for Surgeons and Nurses in Operating Theatre in Latvia." In 16th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2025). AHFE International, 2025. https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006596.
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Health care is one of the leading sectors of the national economy in Latvia, where employees according to the official statistics make up 6.7% of all employees in the country. In 2022. Today, physical load and stress at work are an integral part of everyday life in various professions. It places a heavy burden on workers` mental and physical abilities. Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSD`s) are the most common causes of occupational diseases, injuries, and disabilities for various professions, including staff in the operating block. When cognitive demands increase and are not balanced with employees' abilities, employees' health suffers (Bakker &#38; Demerouti, 2007; Johnson &#38; Hall, 1988; Karasek, 1979). The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of physical and mental strain for surgeons and nurses in operating theater.Methods and materials. The research was performed at one of the hospitals in Latvia. Altogether participated 8 operating surgeons (7 males, 1 female) and 10 surgery nurses (2 males, 8 females). Interaction of mental and physical load was determined using subjective and multidimensional assessment tool: The NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) (Hart, 2006). This method is a multidimensional rating system for assessment of general or total workload based on results of the six sub scales: mental demands, physical demands, temporary demands, task performance, effort and frustration. Psychosocial aspects were considered when assessing mental strain, including working hours, work content, work team interrelations.ResultsThe results of NASA-TLX analysis show that highest degree of total workload considering mental and physical load interaction was identified for physicians surgeons (75 points). Surgeons have a very high responsibility on the executable work, and they have been involved in responsible decision making, for example, saving the patient's life. Physical demands of the surgeons are mainly based in connection with postural load (prolonged standing on legs, forced working postures) and repetitive hand-arm movements. As work of surgery nurses is characterized with prolonged standing on legs and compulsive posture, load on upper limbs, the NASA-TLX analysis shows that physical load of surgery nurses is evaluated up to 78 points, but temporal load indicator for surgery nurses resulted in 83 points (highest degree), work performance conforms to 80 points, which indicates a high level of responsibility. Conclusion The interaction of a mental and physical load using NASA-TLX method allowed to estimate the total workload and compare the significance in percent (or weight scores) of different demands (stress at work, an effort, frustration, quality of performance, a.o.). The physical workload is higher for surgery nurses than for operating surgeons, as according to the NASA-TLX analysis psycho-emotional workload (responsibility for the patient's life, time pressure, decision making) is higher than physical workload for operating surgeons. Physical workload (frequent arm movements, standing, lifting and carrying) for surgery nurses significantly influences their total workload.Acknowledgment: This research has been supported by the project “Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders and Psychosocial Risks for Operating Room Health Care Staff”, Agreement No. LU-BA-PA-2024/1-0044, UL registration No. ESS2024/465.
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Kalatzis, Apostolos, Vishnunarayan Girishan Prabhu, and Laura Stanley. "Identifying the Contributors of Intrinsic, Extraneous, and Germane Load in Human-Robot Collaboration Through Interview Questions." In 16th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2025). AHFE International, 2025. https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006374.
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A significant challenge in human-robot collaboration (HRC) is managing the emergent cognitive workload of the human operator. Human-robot collaboration (HRC) relies on communication, decision-making, planning, coordination, situational awareness, and error handling. These cognitive processes can lead to complex tasks for operators and increased workload, which can negatively impact the HRC effectiveness. Current research in HRC focuses on understanding and quantifying the cognitive workload imposed during the task utilizing objective and subjective measures. Objective and subjective measures can identify cognitive workload states. However, these measures cannot distinguish the specific influence of each workload type (intrinsic, extraneous, and germane) on cognitive workload. The intrinsic workload is affected by the task’s difficulty and is influenced by the information needed to be processed and the user’s existing knowledge. Extraneous workload represents the cognitive effort imposed by environmental, instructional, and presentation factors. For example, distractions, irrelevant information, confusing guidance, or information during the task can lead to an extraneous workload. Germene load refers to the cognitive effort required to process and integrate new information into long-term memory. The cognitive processes involved include information organization, connecting task demands to prior knowledge, and constructing mental models to grasp complex concepts. Each cognitive workload type uniquely contributes to cognitive processing; therefore, assessing them is important for understanding workload dynamics and optimizing task design in HRC. To better understand the effect of each workload type on cognitive load, we conducted a human-subject study where participants completed a collaborative task with a robot under low and high cognitive workload states. At the end of the task, participants completed a semi-structured interview. On performing a qualitative analysis of participants' responses, we identified key factors and themes associated with each type of cognitive load. The intrinsic workload was primarily affected by three factors: the robot's speed, the need to multitask, and the learning curve associated with the robot's navigation and design. Regarding the extraneous workload, a central theme was the robot's speed, which triggered distractions for the operator. Finally, the germane load was characterized by the following themes: acquiring knowledge, performing HRC tasks, and enhancing multitasking capabilities such as hand-eye coordination. These results highlight that different aspects of robot design, task design, and task execution contribute uniquely to the overall cognitive workload.
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Widiastuti, Retno, V. Reza Bayu Kurniawan, Kusmendar, Emmy Nurhayati, and Rifky Ananda Putra. "Implementation of the cardiovascular load and rating scale mental effort to reduce the bakery worker's workload." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED INFORMATION SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENT (ICAISD) 2021: Innovating Scientific Learning for Deep Communication. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0106674.
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Ernawati, Rieska, Bambang Suhardi, and Eko Pujiyanto. "Using the NASA task load index and heart rate to evaluate vocational student’s mental and physical workload." In THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL, MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL, AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING. Author(s), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5098232.
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Swangnetr, Manida, David Kaber, Ellen Vorberg, and Heidi Fleischerand Kerstin Thurow. "Workload Assessment for Manual and Automated Processes in Life Sciences." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/10015.
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In life science process development, optimized manual protocols are converted to semi-automated processes to address high throughput and accuracy demands and to promote technician safety. However, little research has been conducted on technician workload assessment as a basis for identifying and prioritizing automation targets. The objectives of this study were to: 1) assess technician workload in a manual protocol and identify automation “targets” (for load reduction); and 2) compare workload with prototype automation vs. purely manual performance. Three expert technicians performed a mercury analysis process for three replications. Perceived workload was collected for each task using the NASA-Task Load index (TLX). Results on the manual process indicated “pipetting” and “measuring/recording” tasks to pose significantly higher perceived workload. The pipetting task posed the highest mental demand and risk of repetitive strain injuries, and was identified as a priority automation target. An automated pipetting system was prototyped and integrated in the manual protocol. The technician’s role was changed to transporting materials and programming tasks. In general, findings indicate that perceived workload assessment can be used to effectively identify target tasks for automation in life science processes. Technicians perceived significantly lower workload when performing automated pipetting, as compared with manual performance. However, there may be other factors (e.g., task time, number of steps) that influence workload and such factors may represent other targets for automation.
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Sklaličanová, Nikola, and Branislav Kandera. "Unmanned aerial vehicle pilot training." In Práce a štúdie. University of Zilina, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/pas.z.2021.2.38.
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The paper titled "Unmanned aerial vehicle pilot training" is focused on the analysis of unmanned aerial vehicle pilot training and the importance of using an unmanned flight simulator during the practical training of unmanned aerial vehicle pilots. For the realization of the paper, we used a device that served to measure the mental workload of unmanned aerial vehicle pilots during simulated and practical flight. Our experiment involved 5 unmanned aerial vehicle pilots in training who had zero or minimal flying experience. The aim of this work was to investigate to what extent mental workload acts on UAV pilots during simulated and practical flights. The measurements and their analysis showed that a much greater load is exerted on the pilots of unmanned aerial vehicles during practical flight. Through a primary experiment of already experienced pilots, we concluded that the majority of respondents would welcome the opportunity to use an unmanned flight simulator during their training. The paperconcludes with a summary of the individual measurement results, graphical representations of the respondents' answers, as well as an implementation design that could be applied to the training of UAV pilots.
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Swangnetrab, Manida, David Kaberc, Ellen Vorberga, Heidi Fleischera, and Kerstin Thurowa. "Identifying Automation Opportunities in Life Science Processes through Operator Task Modeling and Workload Assessment." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100232.
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In an effort to automate manual life science processes for high throughput and accuracy, we previously observed that perceived operator workload could be used to identify taxing tasks as targets for robotics. However, we also observed that other factors, including task time and step count, might influence workload. The objective of the present research was to determine whether technician perceptions of workload were driven by process method characteristics, specifically duration, number of steps, and numbers of motor and cognitive operations. Confirmation of influence of these characteristics on perceived workload was expected to provide further direction for automation development for specific methods. A hierarchical task analysis was prepared for a mercury analysis process and revealed various methods for accomplishing goals. Methods included sequences of operations, which were subsequently classified as perceptual, motor or cognitive in nature by using GOMS methodology (Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection rules). A field study was conducted with three lab technicians completing the mercury analysis process in three replications. Perceived workload for each method was collected using the NASA-Task Load index (TLX). Significant positive correlations were found between method times and operation counts determined based on GOMS models with technician overall TLX ratings. Motor, cognitive and combinations of both operator counts were also correlated with TLX physical, mental demand and effort ratings, accordingly. In general, longer duration methods, including weighing, tuning and pipetting steps, appear to pose high workload for technicians and represent priority targets for automation. Furthermore, a sequence of recollection and planning operations as part of a pipetting task posed the greatest sustained cognitive load for technicians and may represent an opportunity for use of advanced robotic technology with capacity to act as an assistant to technicians.
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Dehais, Frederic, Simon Ladouce, Juan Torre Tresols, Ludovic Darmet, and Daniel Callan. "Mental Workload Classification during simulated flight operations based on cardiac and neural dynamics recorded using the MUSE 2 low-cost system." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003017.
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The advancement of low-cost and highly portable physiological systems presents promising opportunities for monitoring human cognitive processes during daily-life activities and more complex tasks such as operating an aircraft. The Muse 2 system combines electroencephalography (EEG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors allowing the extraction of neural dynamics features in the time and frequency domains and heart rate. In a study, we equipped five pilots with the Muse 2 system while they performed a low-load and high-load traffic pattern task along with a passive auditory oddball task. The group-level analyses revealed that participants exhibited higher average heart rate, lower power spectrum density in the alpha band, decreased P300 amplitude in the high-load compared to the low-load condition. These results are in line with previous laboratory research conducted in highly controlled settings and research-grade instrumentations. The classification of the two levels of mental workload reached 93.2% accuracy on a single-trial basis based on EEG frequency features. Post-hoc analysis revealed that the classifier mainly relied on motion artefact features in the beta and gamma bands. The classifiers using heart rate and ERPs features reached 76% and 77.8% classification accuracy, respectively. Despite its interest, this system presents some limitations for mobile and neuroergonomics applications notably with regards to the limited number of electrodes preventing the use of advanced signal processing techniques to address noise and artifacts in the signals.
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Kalkis, Valdis, Zenija Roja, and Henrijs Kalkis. "Methodology of Physical Load Risk Assessment in Latvia." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100082.
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Occupational safety and health have a considerable value for employees and employers in Latvia. Despite the fact that modern production systems involve highly specialized and complex machinery, there are many human activities including manual tasks that have not been automated due to flexibility requirements. Physical overloading is caused, for example, by lifting or pushing heavy objects, daily use of vibratory tools or prolonged work while bending over. Insufficient physical load (lack of activities) is caused, for example, by prolonged sedentary work without periodic breaks for movement. The importance of psycho-emotional factors, including stress at work, should also be taken into account here. Musculoskeletal complaints are responsible for one-third of the reported cases of absenteeism and disability. Therefore, physical load forms the core of the problem, and is one of the main factors hindering sustained healthy, productive work, and wellbeing. This calls for the development of practical exposure assessment tools, particularly for health and safety practitioners, to quickly assess an exposure to ergonomic risks. The knowledge of the risk and corresponding risk assessment methods are aim of investigation and provide basis for the formulation and implementation of preventive measures. The road building workers, textile sewers and cutters, as well as fire-fighters-rescuers, who are employed in a wide range of tasks, were used as an example of ergonomic risk analysis.Several tools for description and assessment of ergonomic risks applying subjective, mathematical and experimental (objective) methods were used. The chosen tools and technique are: Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ-E); KIM (exposure scores for pushing/pulling, carrying), QEC (exposure levels for main body regions), OWAS (time sampling for body postures and force), RULA (categorization of upper limb postures and force with action levels), MAC (manual handling assessment charts), NIOSH (lifting equations, biomechanical load limits), SI (the strain index), workload energy expenditure (WEE), heart rate monitoring (HRM), myotonometry (MYO), NASA-TLX (mental and physical workload interaction/task load index), WAI (work ability index). The chosen methods have been categorized under four main headings: 1) self-reports from workers, 2) observation methods, 3) mathematical methods, 4) direct measurement of exposure variables at work.Analysing these methods it was established that KIM, QEC, NIOSH, OWAS, WAI and HRM are more suitable for quick assessment of the ergonomic risks at work, while the RULA, WEE and MYO are more complicated for quick assessment. It was found that employee's subjective point of view on workload does not always coincide with the objective measurement results. It was concluded that the physical load assessment methods, analysed in this study, are successfully introduced in Latvia, and preventive measures, such as medical hypnotherapy, including cognitive hypnotherapy and self-hypnosis training sessions, are effective methods to decrease composite chronic pain intensity, as well as to decrease psychogenic tension and muscle fatigue, and to increase the life quality.
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Deshpande, Manasi, Chen Ling, and Elena Cheng. "Influence of Controlled Breaks on Mental Fatigue: Physical Activity Break vs. Social Networking Break." In 16th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2025). AHFE International, 2025. https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006593.
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Mental Fatigue is a growing concern in many occupations that require extended work hours. Managing mental fatigue is critical for the air traffic control job, considering the complex nature of the task and the recent substantial increase in air traffic. In a dynamic environment that demands continuous cognitive activity wherein vigilance or sustained attention is necessary, regular and brief rest periods may help alleviate mental fatigue. The focus of our study is to investigate how mental fatigue develops with cognitive activities in a simulated air traffic control task and how a controlled break may affect mental fatigue. The study examined the influence of controlled breaks to help human operators mitigate mental fatigue induced by simulated air traffic control tasks.Fifteen college students were recruited to complete two task sessions with 30-minute strategy training and 75-minute CTEAM simulated air traffic control scenarios separated by a 20-minute controlled break. Two types of breaks were used: a physical activity of brisk walking on a treadmill or a social networking break using Facebook or Twitter ©. Simulation task performance metrics included proximity errors, number of crashes, and activation time. The mental workload for the task sessions was measured using the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). The participant's self-rated feelings of mental fatigue were collected with a Fatigue questionnaire at the beginning and end of both task sessions. The mental fatigue questionnaire included questions on positive constructs, including calm, confidence, excitement, energy, fitness and motivation, and alertness; and negative constructs, including the need for coffee, concentration difficulty, irritability, stress, need for sleep, need for a short stroll, anxiety, and lack of confidence.The study showed that the presence of a break significantly reduced the subjective feeling of mental fatigue in many sub-dimensions. The two types of breaks, physical or social network breaks, were not different in their effects on the subjective feelings of mental fatigue. A clear increase-decrease-increase pattern for mental fatigue across the four times that mental fatigue was measured showed the development of mental fatigue due to task sessions and the alleviating effect of the break. There were no significant differences in the CTEAM task performance between simulated air traffic control task sessions one and two. No significant differences were found in the participants' mental workloads for the two task sessions. It suggests that although mental fatigue may be developing for the participants, they still worked hard to maintain their level of performance throughout the task sessions. This study shows the importance of incorporating regular controlled breaks in a work shift to help alleviate operators’ mental fatigue.