Contents
Academic literature on the topic 'Mer – Acidification – Baffin, Baie de'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Mer – Acidification – Baffin, Baie de.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Mer – Acidification – Baffin, Baie de"
Peace, Alexander Lewis, Gillian R. Foulger, Christian Schiffer, and Ken J. W. McCaffrey. "Evolution of Labrador Sea–Baffin Bay: Plate or Plume Processes?" Geoscience Canada 44, no. 3 (2017): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2017.44.120.
Full textPlumet, Patrick. "Le peuplement préhistorique du Nouveau-Québec — Labrador." Archéologie et paléoécologie 31, no. 1-2 (2010): 185–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1000064ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Mer – Acidification – Baffin, Baie de"
Hussherr, Rachel. "Impact de l'acidification océanique sur le phytoplancton et la production de diméthylsulfure en Arctique sous l'influence de deux régimes lumineux." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27341.
Full textIn an experimental assessment of the potential impact of Ocean acidification on seasonal phytoplankton blooms and associated dimethylsulfide (DMS) dynamics in the Arctic, we incubated water from Baffin Bay under conditions representing an acidified Arctic Ocean. Using two light regimes simulating under-ice/subsurface chlorophyll maxima (low light; Low PAR + UVA, and no UVB) and surface ice-free (high light; High PAR + UVA + UVB) conditions, water collected at 38 m was exposed over 9 days to 6 levels of decreasing pH from 8.1 to 7.2. A phytoplankton bloom dominated by the centric diatoms Chaetoceros spp. reaching up to 7.5 µg chlorophyll a L-1 took place in all experimental bags. Total dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSPT) and DMS concentrations reached 155 nmol L-1 and 19 nmol L-1, respectively. Under both light regimes, chlorophyll a and DMS concentrations decreased linearly with increasing proton concentration at all pH tested. Concentrations of DMSPT also decreased but only under high light and over a smaller pH range (from 8.1 to 7.6). In contrast to nanophytoplankton (2-20 µm), picophytoplankton (≤ 2 µm) was stimulated by the decreasing pH. We furthermore observed no significant difference between the two light regimes tested in term of chlorophyll a, phytoplankton abundance/taxonomy, and DMSP/ DMS net concentrations. These results show that OA could significantly decrease the algal biomass and inhibit DMS production during the seasonal phytoplankton bloom in the Arctic, with possible consequences for the regional climate.
St-Onge, Joanie. "Relation entre le diméthylsulfure (DMS), les structures hydrographiques et la glace de mer dans la baie de Baffin." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66418.
Full textSea surface dimethylsulfide (DMS) concentrations were determined in Baffin Bay and parts of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago during the summers of 2017 (July-August) and 2018 (July). More than 3500 DMS measurements were obtained using a mass spectrometer coupled with a cryogenic trap and a gaseous exchange membrane (ACT-MIMS). These measurements were performed alongside continuous quantification of sea surface salinity (SSS), sea surface temperature (SST), fluorescence (proxy for Chlorophyll a (Chl a)), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and discrete measurements of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP). Concentrations of DMS varied over 2 orders of magnitude, from ca. 0.2 to 43.0 nmol L-1 in 2017, and from ca. 1.6 to 55.0 nmol L-1 in 2018. Surface water DMS hotspots (> 10 nmol L-1 ) were observed in association with hydrographic frontal structures, as well as in high productivity coastal waters. In the open water of northern Baffin Bay, an increasing west-to-east gradient of DMS concentrations was positively correlated with SSS, SST and Chl a, suggesting that upper ocean dynamics of DMS are linked to the physicochemical properties and biological signature of water masses in this sector. High DMS concentrations were observed at the ice-edge of ponded first-year ice providing further evidence to the increasingly recognized role sea ice plays in the cycling of marine DMS. In the northern Labrador Sea and Davis Strait, DMS exhibited day-night trends of 2 orders of magnitude with highest concentrations at night and midday minimums. Although it is possible these results were influenced by other factors, concentrations of DMS decreased with increasing PAR in 2017 as well as in 2018. These results suggest that, in some regions, DMS concentrations may be characterized by large (> 10 nmol L -1 ) and rapid (< 24 h) variations that would be neglected by data interpolation where in situ data are still sparse. The presence of localized DMS hotspots demonstrates the potential of using high-resolution automated instruments such as the ACT-MIMS to resolve the spatial distribution of DMS and contribute to the improvement of the accuracy of DMS emission model predictions.
Blais, Marjolaine. "La fixation d'azote dans l'ouest de l'océan Arctique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27721/27721.pdf.
Full textThanassekos, Stéphane, and Stéphane Thanassekos. "Modélisation individu-centrée de la croissance et de la survie larvaire de la morue arctique (Boreogadus saida) dans deux polynies." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22386.
Full textAu sein du réseau alimentaire arctique, la morue arctique (Boreogadus saida) est le lien trophique principal entre le zooplancton et les prédateurs supérieurs tels que les phoques et les oiseaux marins. Un mode de vie associé à la glace et une physiologie spécialisée en font une espèce particulièrement vulnérable à la réduction prédite de la banquise et au possible envahissement de sa niche écologique par des espèces généralistes boréales. Dans le contexte actuel de réchauffement climatique, particulièrement intense dans l’Arctique, la connaissance des facteurs contrôlant le devenir de cette espèce clé est essentielle. Le but de cette thèse est l’identification des processus nécessaires et suffisants à inclure dans un modèle mathématique pour simuler de façon réaliste la croissance et la survie du stade larvaire de ce poisson. Un modèle individu-centré a été développé et validé à l’aide d’observations recueillies dans la polynie des eaux du Nord (Baie de Baffin) et la polynie des eaux du Nord-est (Mer du Groenland). La température, la concentration et la qualité des proies ont dû être prises en compte pour reproduire la croissance observée et ses différences régionales. La pression de prédation a été simulée à l’aide d’une mortalité taille- et croissance-dépendante qui a permis l’élimination sélective des individus petits et croissant lentement. Le modèle a également pris en compte la date d’éclosion des individus afin de reproduire les différences dans la trajectoire de vie entre les individus ayant éclos avant et après l’ouverture de la polynie. Ainsi, les larves hâtives ont crû plus lentement que les larves tardives en raison des faibles températures, mais cette tendance s’inversait si l’épuisement des réserves vitellines des larves hâtives coïncidait avec une période de concentration élevée de proies. Une méthode inédite de sous-échantillonnage des résultats du modèle prenant en compte l’âge, la date d’éclosion et la position géographique des individus capturés in situ, reproduisit les discontinuités inévitablement présentes dans les observations in situ. Cette méthode a amélioré la validation du modèle, permis l’identification de ses faiblesses et indiqué de nouvelles directions de recherche. Le sous-échantillonnage des résultats du modèle peut servir à une vaste gamme d’applications dans le domaine de la modélisation individu-centrée et est applicable a tout modèle tentant de simuler des organismes pouvant être âgés.
Within the Arctic food web, Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) is the dominant trophic link between zooplankton and higher predators such as seals and sea-birds. An ice-dependent lifestyle and a specialized physiology make this species particularly vulnerable to the predicted reduction in ice-cover and the potential invasion of its ecological niche by boreal generalists. With the unfolding of climate warming which is particularly intense in the Arctic, it is essential to document the factors that control the fate of this key species. The primary focus of this thesis is the identification of the necessary and sufficient processes required in a mathematical model to realistically simulate the growth and survival of the larval stage of Arctic cod. An individual-based model was developed and validated with observations collected in the North Water (Baffin Bay) and the Northeast Water (Greenland Sea). Temperature, as well as the concentration and quality of prey were necessary to reproduce observed growth and its regional differences. Predation pressure was simulated using a length- and growth-dependent mortality which allowed the selective elimination of small and slow-growing individuals. The model took into account the hatch-date of individuals to reproduce differences in life trajectory among individuals hatched before and after the polynya opened. For instance, early hatchers grew slower than late hatchers due to lower temperatures, but this trend was reversed if the yolk exhaustion of early hatchers coincided with high prey concentrations. A novel method of model output sub-sampling accounting for the age, hatch-date and geographical position of individuals captured at sea, reproduced the inevitable discontinuities that plague field observations. This method improved model validation, allowed weaknesses to be identified and highlighted new research directions. The model output sub-sampling has wide-ranging applications in individual-based modeling and is applicable to any model attempting to simulate organisms that can be aged.
Within the Arctic food web, Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) is the dominant trophic link between zooplankton and higher predators such as seals and sea-birds. An ice-dependent lifestyle and a specialized physiology make this species particularly vulnerable to the predicted reduction in ice-cover and the potential invasion of its ecological niche by boreal generalists. With the unfolding of climate warming which is particularly intense in the Arctic, it is essential to document the factors that control the fate of this key species. The primary focus of this thesis is the identification of the necessary and sufficient processes required in a mathematical model to realistically simulate the growth and survival of the larval stage of Arctic cod. An individual-based model was developed and validated with observations collected in the North Water (Baffin Bay) and the Northeast Water (Greenland Sea). Temperature, as well as the concentration and quality of prey were necessary to reproduce observed growth and its regional differences. Predation pressure was simulated using a length- and growth-dependent mortality which allowed the selective elimination of small and slow-growing individuals. The model took into account the hatch-date of individuals to reproduce differences in life trajectory among individuals hatched before and after the polynya opened. For instance, early hatchers grew slower than late hatchers due to lower temperatures, but this trend was reversed if the yolk exhaustion of early hatchers coincided with high prey concentrations. A novel method of model output sub-sampling accounting for the age, hatch-date and geographical position of individuals captured at sea, reproduced the inevitable discontinuities that plague field observations. This method improved model validation, allowed weaknesses to be identified and highlighted new research directions. The model output sub-sampling has wide-ranging applications in individual-based modeling and is applicable to any model attempting to simulate organisms that can be aged.
Deslongchamps, Gabrièle. "Impacts des conditions environnementales sur la nitrification, l'assimilation et l'ammonification dans l'Articque canadien." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25614.
Full textRacine, Calypso. "Écologie des foraminifères benthiques en domaine arctique dans un contexte de changements climatiques : cas des mers de Chukchi, Barents et Baffin." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0008/document.
Full textBenthic foraminifera are widely used in oceanography as paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental bio-indicators due to their presence in all marine environments, their sensitivity to environmental changes and their great capacity to fossilize. However, the use of benthic foraminifera as paleoenvironmental proxies requires a good knowledge of the ecological conditions and the parameters controlling species distribution. Although knowledges about the ecology of benthic foraminifera are improving, they remain sporadic in Arctic area, a complex ecosystem characterized by multiple interactions between the atmosphere, the ocean and the cryosphere and particularly sensitive to change and vulnerable to global warming. Temperatures in the Arctic have risen twice as fast as the global average over the past decades, a phenomenon that has been dubbed the “polar amplification of global warming”. In this context, this thesis aims at better understanding the ecology of living benthic foraminifera in Arctic regions and at defining the importance of environmental controls on fauna such as water mass properties, primary productivity, organic matter flux as well as sea-ice dynamics. Living benthic foraminifera were identified in the first centimetres of 21 surface sediment cores collected in three Arctic areas during summer in 2014 and 2015: Baffin Bay and the Barents and Chukchi Seas. These three regions present specific characteristics in terms of sea-ice cover, water mass circulation or primary productivity. Our results suggest that these factors influence the distribution of benthic foraminifera. The flux of organic matter resulting from primary productivity intensified during spring and summer periods near hydrographic polar fronts, sea-ice edges (marginal ice zones) and in the north water polynya (Baffin Bay) increases the fauna’s densities and diversity and favours the development of specific species. Nonionellina labradorica in cold Arctic waters and Cassidulina neoteretis associated with Atlantic waters respond to fresh supply of organic matter while Melonis barleeanus is found in environment rich in degraded organic matter. In deeper oligotrophic environments, Oridorsalis tenerus is a ubiquitous species associated with Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi on the west continental margin of Barents Sea and Ioanella tumidula in the deeper basin in the north of the Chukchi Sea. Physical and chemical water mass properties also affect the distribution of living benthic foraminifera. In the Baffin Bay and the continental shelf of the Chukchi Sea, corrosive waters lead to carbonate dissolution, favouring the dominance of agglutinated species. This thesis hence contributes to calibrate the benthic foraminifera to their environment and to improve their application as paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental proxies in the Arctic. Finally, a preliminary study about fossil benthic foraminifera in three cores of Barents Sea allowed to show variations of environmental conditions during the last two centuries