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Journal articles on the topic 'Merchandise trade'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 January 2023

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1

Singh, Monalisa, and Dilfraz Singh. "An Empirical Analysis of India’s Merchandise Trade." Paripex - Indian Journal Of Research 3, no. 8 (January 15, 2012): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22501991/august2014/22.

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Ashby, Elizabeth R., Howard H. Cochran, Brad D. Childs, and Marieta V. Velikova. "State Merchandise Export Trade Determinants." International Advances in Economic Research 22, no. 1 (September 16, 2015): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11294-015-9538-8.

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Ganguli, Subhadra. "Economic diversification and intra-GCC merchandise trade." World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 14, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjemsd-06-2017-0028.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze merchandise trade patterns among the GCC states with the backdrop of economic diversification within these economies. Design/methodology/approach This empirical research quantitatively analyses patterns of merchandise trade among the GCC states during 1995-2015 with specific focus on concentration, diversification and similarity of (export and import) trade indices as well as diversification within GCC economies. Findings The paper concludes that while Bahrain merchandise export structure shows dissimilarity when compared with other GCC states du

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Bosnjak, Mile, Vlatka Bilas, and Ivan Novak. "Sustainability of merchandise trade flows between Croatia and other EU member states: Panel cointegration approach." Panoeconomicus 66, no. 1 (2019): 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan160409022b.

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This research examined the sustainability of merchandise trade flows between Croatia and other European Union (EU) member states. Merchandise exports and imports were disaggregated into bilateral merchandise trade flows between Croatia and nineteen EU trading partners for the period 1999-2014. Following Granger-causality and cointegration tests for panel data, we specified the model to be estimated. Using a pooled mean group (PMG) estimator for dynamic heterogeneous panel data, the relationship between Croatian merchandise export and import was assessed empirically. Research results revealed u

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5

Yasui, Tadashi. "The Unreliability of Merchandise Trade Statistics." Global Trade and Customs Journal 13, Issue 6 (June 1, 2018): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2018027.

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This article contends that merchandise trade statistics are insufficiently reliable for accurate economic analysis and informed trade policy decisions. The official trade figures analysed for this article appear to be significantly overvalued. Re-exports combined with re-imports caused both world import and export data to be exaggerated by as much as 20%. Import data was further inflated, and bilateral export data was unreliable even between developed countries. Compared with official figures, the article’s case study estimates that the US merchandise trade deficit is nearly 20% less with Chin

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Dion, Richard, and Raynald Létourneau. "Une analyse économétrique de l’ajustement récent de la balance commerciale canadienne (1978-1979)." Articles 56, no. 3 (January 21, 2009): 360–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/600926ar.

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Abstract The Canadian merchandise trade surplus increased rather modestly in 1978 and 1979 given that the depreciation of the real exchange rate since 1977 had considerably reinforced our competitive position. With the aid of an econometric model, we try to measure the respective contributions of the factors influencing the merchandise trade balance during that period. Our partial equilibrium simulations reveal that the depreciation of the Canadian dollar, both in nominal and real terms, substantially improved the merchandise trade surplus. High capacity utilization rates in Canada had a subst

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Lin, Pei-Chun, Szu-Yu Kuo, and Jui-Hung Chang. "The direct and spillover effects of liner shipping connectivity on merchandise trade." Maritime Business Review 5, no. 2 (April 25, 2020): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mabr-12-2019-0055.

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Purpose This paper aims to address the following questions: is good liner shipping connectivity a requisite for merchandise imports plus exports? What is the average of merchandise imports plus exports of the countries neighboring China? Do the merchandise imports plus exports of these countries correspond to each country’s own merchandise imports plus exports or liner shipping connectivity index (LSCI)? Design/methodology/approach The authors spatially analyze liner shipping connectivity and merchandise imports plus exports using 2016 data and a common framework for linear regression to estab

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8

Ellana, MOLCHANOVA. "GLOBAL TRENDS OF WORD MERCHANDISE TRADE." Foreign trade: economics, finance, law 111, no. 4 (September 1, 2020): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31617/zt.knute.2020(111)02.

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9

Svatoš, Miroslav, and Luboš Smutka. "Visegrad Countries - Agrarian Foreign Trade Development in Relation to Their Total Merchandise Trade Performance." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 14, no. 4 (December 31, 2014): 158–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2014.14.4.81.

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The paper analyzes merchandise and especially agrarian trade of Visegrad (V4) countries. It especially analyzes their mutual trade relations. The main aim is to identify changes in the agricultural sector which have happened during the last decade and to compare differences existing in the area of merchandise and agricultural trade development. Another very important objective is related to mutual trade realized among V4 countries. In this case the paper identifies basic trends in the area of each country’s trade development. Mutual agrarian trade competitiveness is also analyzed. On the basis

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10

Aboya, Yousuf, Arsalan Hussain, Rohail Hassan, Hassan Mujtaba Nawaz Saleem, and Aamir Hussain Siddiqui. "Different Approaches to Merchandise Trade Balance in Pakistan." Global Business Management Review (GBMR) 12, Number 2 (December 31, 2020): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/gbmr2020.12.2.2.

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The current study empirically examines the three major approaches to trade balance for Pakistan by utilizing the yearly data from 1972 to 2016. Monetary, elasticity, and absorption approaches were tested by developing a model that incorporates all three approaches. The significant contribution of the study is that it uses only the merchandise trade deficit account, which includes trade of only physical goods. The study used time-series data; therefore, variables have been tested for the stationarity, and it is found that there is a combination of I (0) and I (1) variables, so ARDL bounds testi

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Hrechyshkina, Olena, and Maryia Samakhavets. "Merchandise trade in the eaeu integrating environment." Quaestiones Geographicae 38, no. 4 (December 26, 2019): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2019-0038.

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Abstract The paper aims to identify the main trends and recommendations for the development of merchandise trade in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) integrating environment through the analysis of its mutual and foreign (internal and external) merchandise trade. The study is based on the official statistical data for 2014–2018 and economic comparisons and systematisation (including geographical systematisation). The results show that the intensification of mutual and foreign trade in the EAEU is possible by stimulating consumer and industrial demand, enhancing exports of high tech products a

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Kumar, Rajender, and Vandana Sehgal Arora. "India - South Africa Merchandise Trade: Export Prospects." Arthshastra : Indian Journal of Economics & Research 4, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17010/aijer/2015/v4i1/58941.

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13

Burange, L. G., and Sheetal J. Chaddha. "India’s Revealed Comparative Advantage in Merchandise Trade." Artha Vijnana: Journal of The Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics 50, no. 4 (December 1, 2008): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.21648/arthavij/2008/v50/i4/115413.

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14

Cochran, Howard H., and Dean A. Peterson. "Use Chinese Merchandise Trade Data with Caution." International Advances in Economic Research 13, no. 1 (January 9, 2007): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11294-006-9067-6.

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15

ARTAMONOVA, Halyna. "UKRAINE’S FOREIGN TRADE WITH THE EU: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES." JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN ECONOMY, Vol 18, No 3 (2019) (September 2019): 338–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/jee2019.03.338.

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The article casts light onto the current state of foreign trade between Ukraine and the EU in the conditions of a free trade area. Having analyzed the structure of merchandise exports and imports, the author reveals major challenges that arise as current tendencies persist into the future. Special attention is paid to seizing the opportunities provided by the EU-Ukraine Free Trade Agreement for realization of export potential of the agricultural sector on the markets of these countries. The author suggests ways to create conditions for diversification of merchandise exports, facilitation of ac

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16

Tandon, Anjali. "China’s WTO Accession: An Empirical Assessment of Merchandise Trade with India." Indian Journal of Applied Research 1, no. 7 (October 1, 2011): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/apr2012/14.

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17

MAURER, ANDREAS, and CHRISTOPHE DEGAIN. "GLOBALIZATION AND TRADE FLOWS: WHAT YOU SEE IS NOT WHAT YOU GET!" Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy 03, no. 03 (August 14, 2012): 1250019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793993312500196.

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The trade collapse that followed the global financial crisis of 2008–2009 has led to a renewed interest in measurement issues affecting international merchandise trade statistics in the new globalized economy. The international fragmentation of industrial production blurs the concept of country of origin and calls for the production of new statistics on the domestic content of exports, with a view of estimating trade in value added. In 2010, the international statistical community revised the concepts and definitions on both international merchandise trade and trade in services statistics. Thi

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18

Barik, Anirudha. "Post-crisis India’s Merchandise Export Growth: What Has Changed?" Indian Economic Journal 66, no. 3-4 (December 2018): 270–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019466219880132.

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This article comprehensively examines the growth and pattern of India’s merchandise exports during and following the financial crisis period (2007–08 to 2016–17) using Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics and United Nations Commodity Trade/World Integrated Trade Solution trade data. The entire analysis is based on leading trade indices and indicators and the results confirm that significant change in India’s trading structure is associated with the fast growth of foreign trade. The composition of exports has undergone changes overtime, bearing a strong influence of fac

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19

Wong, Koi Nyen, and Soo Khoon Goh. "OUTWARD FDI, MERCHANDISE AND SERVICES TRADE: EVIDENCE FROM SINGAPORE." Journal of Business Economics and Management 14, no. 2 (May 7, 2013): 276–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2012.703964.

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This paper aims to explore the causality pattern between outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) and major external trade components (i.e. exports and imports of merchandise as well as services) using Singapore as a case study, since it is one of the largest outward investors in the Asian region and it is overtly trade-dependent. The findings reveal that there is evidence of an OFDI-led trade hypothesis, particularly with regard to merchandise exports and imports, which is an indication OFDI opens important channels for intra-firm trade activities, home country sourcing and backward integrati

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20

poudel, Kshitiz. "MERCHANDISE TRADE DEFICIT AND IMPORT SUBSTITUTION FOR NEPAL." International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research 5, no. 7 (July 30, 2020): 1797–822. http://dx.doi.org/10.46609/ijsser.2020.v05i07.009.

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21

Liu, Chi Fang, Tzu Yorn Kao, Ya Fen Chang, and Yi Ru Tsai. "Analysis of Asian Logistics Trade and Merchandise Growth." Advanced Materials Research 785-786 (September 2013): 1506–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.785-786.1506.

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Analysis of simulation , go on sequentially according to the step designed: (1)Select the national targets analyses, (2) consult the research model of the foreign research institution, select the important ginseng parameter which influences the national risk, (3) predict or suppose that joins perhaps changes the direction and degree of the parameter, (4) observe the risk parameter susceptibility under different situations, (5) explain the reason why the risk changes. Set up the relevant research database in the country in Southeast Asia at the same time , collecting the materials respect can p

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22

Amin, Ruzita Mohd. "A Decade of the World Trade Organization and the Trade Performance of Muslim Countries." American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 27, no. 4 (October 1, 2010): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajiss.v27i4.369.

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The World Trade Organization (WTO), established on 1 January 1995 as a successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), has played an important role in promoting global free trade. The implementation of its agreements, however, has not been smooth and easy. In fact this has been particularly difficult for developing countries, since they are expected to be on a level playing field with the developed countries. After more than a decade of existence, it is worth looking at the WTO’s impact on developing countries, particularly Muslim countries. This paper focuses mainly on the per

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Amin, Ruzita Mohd. "A Decade of the World Trade Organization and the Trade Performance of Muslim Countries." American Journal of Islam and Society 27, no. 4 (October 1, 2010): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v27i4.369.

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The World Trade Organization (WTO), established on 1 January 1995 as a successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), has played an important role in promoting global free trade. The implementation of its agreements, however, has not been smooth and easy. In fact this has been particularly difficult for developing countries, since they are expected to be on a level playing field with the developed countries. After more than a decade of existence, it is worth looking at the WTO’s impact on developing countries, particularly Muslim countries. This paper focuses mainly on the per

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24

RĂDESCU, Octavian Dan. "TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN 2011-2016, AND FORECASTS FOR 2017." Theoretical and Practical Research in the Economic Fields 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/tpref.v7.1(15).03.

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This paper analyzes the developments in world trade in goods and services in 2015 - 2016, as well as the prospects for 2017 - 2020. It highlights both the main determinants and salient features of merchandise trade in 2015, and its dynamics in terms of volume and value. It also sheds light on the geographical composition of merchandise trade and the major traders worldwide. Similarly, the paper outlines the main trends shaping trade in services in 2015. According to the findings of the paper, 2017 marked the sixth consecutive year in which trade growth has been disappointing, with trade expand

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25

Barbalet, Felix, Jared Greenville, Wayne Crook, Paul Gretton, and Robert Breunig. "Exploring the Links between Bilateral and Regional Trade Agreements and Merchandise Trade." Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies 2, no. 3 (August 17, 2015): 467–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app5.101.

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26

Kovacevic, Radovan. "The structural characteristics of world trade and the merchandise exports of Serbia." Ekonomski anali 54, no. 181 (2009): 55–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka0981055k.

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This paper analyses the world merchandise trade structure and the structure of Serbian merchandise exports. The analysis shows that the prominent characteristic of post-World War II world trade is more dynamic growth in the volume of manufactured goods as compared to agricultural goods. Due to the lessening share of agricultural products world merchandise trade has decreased and rapid industrialization has been fostered in developing countries. An increased share for developing countries followed the developed countries' decreasing share in world manufacturing trade. The developing countries'

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27

Kaushal, Leena Ajit. "Estimating the Impact of Free Trade Agreements on India’s Export Potential." Applied Economics Quarterly: Volume 67, Issue 1 67, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 47–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/aeq.67.1.47.

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The study examines the role of trade agreements (TA) in determining merchandise export efficiency in India using the stochastic frontier gravity model. We estimate the impact of select trade agreements (bilateral, SAFTA, APTA, ASEAN, and MERCOSUR), regulatory quality, and FDI inflow on India’s export efficiency in the period 2002–2018. Results suggest that TAs have enhanced India’s merchandise export efficiency to its trading partners except for the MERCOSUR bloc. However, substantial potential is still untapped. The study finds that the regulatory quality (RQ) of importing nations does not en

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28

El-Khoury, Gabi. "Foreign trade statistics of Arab countries: selected indicators." Contemporary Arab Affairs 10, no. 4 (October 1, 2017): 652–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17550912.2017.1399656.

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This statistical file is mainly concerned with the external merchandise trade of Arab countries, which accounts for approximately 77% of the total trade of Arab goods and services due to the large share of oil and gas in the Arab foreign trade.

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29

Burange, L. G., Rucha R. Ranadive, and Neha N. Karnik. "Trade Openness and Economic Growth Nexus: A Case Study of BRICS." Foreign Trade Review 54, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0015732518810902.

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The article analyses a causal relationship between trade openness and economic growth for the member countries of BRICS by using an econometric technique of time series analysis. Member countries of BRICS adopted a series of liberalization reforms, almost simultaneously, from the late 1980s. The article attempts to study the impact of trade openness on their growth in GDP per capita. It captures structural composition of GDP and openness of trade in four aspects, that is, merchandise exports, merchandise imports, services export and services import. In India, the study found growth-led trade i

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Kupfer, Franziska, Hilde Meersman, Evy Onghena, and Eddy Van de Voorde. "AIR FREIGHT AND MERCHANDISE TRADE: TOWARDS A DISAGGREGATED ANALYSIS." Journal of Air Transport Studies 2, no. 2 (July 1, 2012): 28–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.38008/jats.v2i2.99.

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During the past 30 years, air cargo has evolved from a by-product to a potential profit centre for airlines. However, the success in the air cargo business depends on a number of factors. The evolution of world merchandise trade and particularly, the trade in high-value goods, is one of the determinants of the demand for air freight services. This paper provides an insight into the relationship between air cargo and merchandise trade on an aggregated as well as on a disaggregated level. Special attention is paid to the air cargo flows between major regions. By combining several levels of the a

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31

Handoyo, Rossanto Dwi. "EDITORIAL: IMPACT OF COVID 19 ON TRADE, FDI, REAL EXCHANGE RATE AND ERA OF DIGITALIZATION: BRIEF REVIEW GLOBAL ECONOMY DURING PANDEMIC." Journal of Developing Economies 5, no. 2 (December 3, 2020): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jde.v5i2.23641.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has not only triggered an unprecedented global health crisis but also a global economic, trade and investment crisis. Global Trade in merchandise fall from 12% to 32% in 2020. FDI flows are projected to fall further by 30% to 40% in 2020-202. The decline in trade is a reflection, instead of a cause, of the economic contraction that occurred, caused by rising trade costs - from disruptions in transportation, logistics and supply chains, as well as trade restrictions. At the same time, the COVID-19 pandemic is driving an overall digital transition in society and industry. S

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Вишинська, Тетяна Леонідівна, Олександр Валентинович Генералов, and Ірина Миколаївна Севрук. "The current state of foreign merchandise trade in Ukraine." ScienceRise 3, no. 3 (8) (March 27, 2015): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2313-8416.2015.39537.

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Lee, YingHui. "Maritime Merchandise Trade in Southeast Asia: Opportunities and Challenges." Maritime Affairs: Journal of the National Maritime Foundation of India 14, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 51–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09733159.2018.1482665.

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34

Fabling, Richard, and Lynda Sanderson. "Entrepreneurship and aggregate merchandise trade growth in New Zealand." Journal of International Entrepreneurship 8, no. 2 (May 6, 2010): 182–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10843-010-0063-9.

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35

Rahman, Mohd Nayyer. "Role of WTO in promoting merchandise trade of BRICS." Transnational Corporations Review 8, no. 2 (April 2, 2016): 138–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19186444.2016.1196867.

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Adeboje, Oluwafemi Mathew, Isiaka Akande Raifu, Frank I. Ogbeide, and Olusegun Abiola Orija. "An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship between Financial Development and Merchandise Trade in Nigeria." Zagreb International Review of Economics and Business 24, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/zireb-2021-0001.

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Abstract This study examines the empirical relationship between financial development and merchandise trade in Nigeria using annual data from 1981 to 2014. The empirical analysis is also carried out on the disaggregated components of the trade, that is, merchandise export and import, for robust analysis. Estimation results based on error correction model show that there exists significant long run positive relationship between financial development and export in Nigeria over the period under study. There is need for government to therefore provide enabling environment for financial sector to t

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Korganashvili, Larisa. "Georgia in the World Merchandise Trade: Main Trends and Problems of Development." European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 4, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ejes-2018-0058.

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Abstract Foreign trade is the main factor in the country's integration into the world economic system. It promotes the socio-economic development of states, especially developing countries. After the restoration of state independence, Georgia actively cooperates with different countries within the framework of bilateral and multilateral agreements. Its foreign trade activity is based on a high level of openness of the economy and liberal policy, features of the market economy and new vectors of development. Georgia has been a member of the World Trade Organization since 2000 and has one of the

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Manley, Leanne L., and Michael C. Cant . "Attitudes of Small Business Owners towards Counterfeit Merchandise: Ethics or Survival?" Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 7, no. 4(J) (August 30, 2015): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v7i4(j).593.

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Counterfeiting of products is an industry that affects many countries worldwide and it is an industry that has grown exponentially in the 21st century, due to the value associated with branded products. It is the demand from individuals that fuels this trade and what will keep the trade growing for years to come. It therefore becomes essential that research be conducted to investigate the attitudes held towards the trade in order to gain a better understanding of the current counterfeit environment. This article aimed to investigate the attitudes that South African small business owners have w

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Khokhlov, Viacheslav. "Marketing of Merchandise Distribution in HoReCa Markets." Regionalnaya ekonomika. Yug Rossii, no. 4 (December 2019): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/re.volsu.2019.4.17.

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The article analyzes the theoretical and practical aspects of marketing activities in the field of logistics of the hotel and restaurant business, which is the most essential element in merchandise distribution in HoReCa markets. The author finds out that material flows of goods in HoReCa markets are divided into two relatively independent subgroups, which differ both in time and content characteristics, and in marketing tools which are used: commodity and material and technical support of enterprises of hotel and restaurant profile (sale points) and distribution of goods and services by sale

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Saputra, Guntur Adi, Eka Rofiyanti, Redjeki Agoestyowati, Dwi Agustina, and Olansons Girsang. "Analysis of The Implementation of Prohibition Buying of Street Vendors in Koja Sub-District North Jakarta." Ilomata International Journal of Social Science 2, no. 3 (July 30, 2021): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.52728/ijss.v2i3.296.

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According to data on the recapitulation of orderly violations of certain places of business and businesses at the Civil Service Police Unit of North Jakarta Administrative City, there were 16,220 violations of the prohibition of trade in 2019, far from the violation of the prohibition against buying street vendors merchandises, which were only 5 violators, then this research was conducted to analyze the implementation of the prohibition of buying street vendor merchandises at Koja Subdistrict region, North Jakarta. This research method used descriptive qualitative research with data collection

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Saputra, Guntur Adi, Eka Rofiyanti, Redjeki Agoestyowati, Dwi Agustina, and Olansons Girsang. "Analysis of The Implementation of Prohibition Buying of Street Vendors in Koja Sub-District North Jakarta." Ilomata International Journal of Social Science 2, no. 3 (July 30, 2021): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.52728/ijss.v2i3.296.

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According to data on the recapitulation of orderly violations of certain places of business and businesses at the Civil Service Police Unit of North Jakarta Administrative City, there were 16,220 violations of the prohibition of trade in 2019, far from the violation of the prohibition against buying street vendors merchandises, which were only 5 violators, then this research was conducted to analyze the implementation of the prohibition of buying street vendor merchandises at Koja Subdistrict region, North Jakarta. This research method used descriptive qualitative research with data collection

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42

Azar, S., A. Bolbol, H. Hakimian, and A. Mouradian. "Empirical analysis of merchandise trade deficit and the current account in Lebanon." Lebanese Science Journal 20, no. 1 (April 27, 2019): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22453/lsj-020.1.173-192.

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The paper provides an empirical analysis of Lebanon’s merchandise trade deficit and thecurrent accountfor the 1969-2016 period. Using the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag approach, it estimatesstandard demand functions for merchandise exports and imports and the trade deficit.The results show that real exchange rates do not have a long-run impact on exports, imports, the trade deficit, and the current account; domestic production has a notableeffect on reducing trade deficits while absorption expenditures, primarily public expenditures, have a strong effect on increasing trade deficits. The mai

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PRATS, Germán MARTÍNEZ, and Aida Beatriz ARMENTA-RAMÍREZ. "Validation Data of Mexico's Trade Balance." Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 10, no. 4 (June 30, 2019): 1120. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jarle.v10.4(42).13.

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The collection, compilation and dissemination of international merchandise trade statistics must follow standards for international comparability. These processes are structured according to particular institutional arrangements in countries. The general responsibility and dissemination of the Merchandise Trade Balance in Mexico are Tax Administration Service, Ministry of the Economy, Banco de México and the National Institute of Statistics and Geography. At most points of entry, goods are brought into or withdrawn from the customs territory of a country under various customs procedures. The o

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Artha, Bhenu, Bahri, Cahya Purnama Asri, Ardhi Khairi, and Fikri Alamsyah. "The Effect of Crude Oil Price on Merchandise Trade: Evidence from East Asia and Pacific." Journal of Business and Management Review 2, no. 8 (August 25, 2021): 558–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.47153/jbmr28.1852021.

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One of the most important production inputs is energy, particularly crude oil. The impacts of oil price fluctuations on global trade flows can be understood by the uncertainty channel, fluctuations in oil prices may create uncertainty about the future path of the oil price, causing consumers to postpone irreversible purchases of consumer durable goods, and also causing firms to postpone irreversible investments, and also recent hikes and fluctuations in oil prices since 1999 have attracted attention and invoked concerns about their devastating effects on a variety of economic activities. The o

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Murthy, K. V. Bhanu. "US–China Trade Disputes: Studying Long-Term Trade Patterns." Management and Economics Research Journal 5 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18639/merj.2019.942734.

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US–China economic ties have expanded substantially since China began reforming its economy and liberalizing its trade regime in the late 1970s. Total US–China merchandise trade rose from $2 billion in 1979 (when China’s economic reforms began) to $636 billion in 2017. China is currently the United States’ largest merchandise trading partner, its third-largest export market, and its biggest source of imports. There are multiple areas of disagreement that preceded the trade war. One ground is that China is buying off American assets. It is also alleged that China violates US patent rights. It is

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Wani, Dr Nassir Ul Haq, and Khatera Sadiqi. "Latency of Afghanistan-SAARC Merchandise Trade Relation: An Economic Evaluation." Kardan Journal of Economics and Manangement Sciences 1, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 101–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31841/kar2003.

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Zaka, Zuhra, and Mohammad Elyas Naseri. "Export Performance of Afghanistan-India Merchandise Trade: An Economic Evaluation." Kardan Journal of Economics and Manangement Sciences 4, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 46–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31841/kjems.2021.3.

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Walter, Bruce C. "Quality issues affecting the compilation of U.S. merchandise trade statistics." Statistical Journal of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 8, no. 1 (August 1, 1991): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sju-1991-8106.

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Oberoi, Sumit. "Dynamics of Trade Specialization and Trade Performance of ASEAN–India Free Trade Agreement." Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy 10, no. 01 (February 2019): 1950003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793993319500030.

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In the present era of globalization, trade is always considered as an indispensable catalyst for the growth and development of any nation. The present study examines the trade performance and degree of trade specialization of India and ASEAN members for the pre- and post-AIFTA period at Harmonized Standard (HS) 6-digit level of product classification. The study evaluates the data sources viz. United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database (UN COMTRADE), United Nation Conference on Trade & Development (UNCTAD) and trade map to evaluate the trade specialization of India and ASEAN members

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Rose, Andrew K. "Do We Really Know That the WTO Increases Trade?" American Economic Review 94, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 98–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282804322970724.

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This paper estimates the effect on international trade of multilateral trade agreements—the World Trade Organization (WTO), its predecessor the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), and the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) extended from rich countries to developing countries. I use a standard “gravity” model of bilateral merchandise trade and a large panel data set covering over 50 years and 175 countries. An extensive search reveals little evidence that countries joining or belonging to the GATT/WTO have different trade patterns from outsiders, though the GSP seems to have a s

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