Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mercosud'
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Lee, João Bosco. "L'arbitrage commercial international dans les pays du Mercosud." Paris 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA020097.
Full textCaldeira, Kássia. "Le Mercosud en quête d'avenir : une intégration à la lumière de l'expérience européenne : les acteurs du processus de construction du Mercosud, 1985-2001." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0065.
Full textThe Mercosud which regroup Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay is without doubt, the project that came closest to realising integration in Latin America. This research highlights first of all economic and political conditions that have historically promoted the creation of the Mercosud. These processes were formalised by the Treaty of Ansuncion in 1991. This research helps to draw out methodological comparisons with the European Union. It describes specific mechanisms of integration particularly the institutional ones involved in these processes. Finally based on interviews conducted among government representatives from Brazil and Argentina as well as trans-national corporations it shed light on how relationships between the different actors involved influence and continue to influence the processes of integration. In conclusion, this thesis considers the shape of development in the Mercosud and analyses in depth social, economic and political implications and limitation
Robin, Rodolphe. "Génèse du projet d'association interrégionale Sui generis entre le Mercosud et l'Union Européenne : 1999 - 2011." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00651469.
Full textChomont, Tamara. "L'intégration économique outil de développement en Amérique du Sud : une analyse à partir de l'exemple du Mercosud." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON10020.
Full textSince the end of the Second World War, economic integration has acquired a growing dimension in international relations, whose doctrines and practices where elaborated while dealing with States increasingly engaged in a process of regionalisation. This interest for economic integration in Latin America developing countries has been associated to the search for peoples' development. The analysis of the various integration experiences reveals a history of aspirations and efforts to build a more united and developed region, with a favourable position in the world context. However, such experiences reveal differences between initial aspirations and concrete outcomes. Because of such mitigated results, the question arises concerning the role played by economic integration for the improvement of development. If Mercosur is not the only case, it provides a significant example among South American countries. The study shows that the fast growth of commercial trade alone is far from being a determining factor for development. Being a process as well as its result, integration needs a political, economic, social and cultural approach in order to foster complementary measures and regional solidarity. If they want to prevent the ideal of integration as an instrument of development from reaching a deadlock, considering the new constraint imposed by development challenges, the States need to rethink the context and actors of integration as well as cooperation mechanisms
Almeida, Falcao Maurin. "L'harmonisation de la taxation de la valeur ajoutee comme instrument d'integration regionale dans le mercosud." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA111006.
Full textAlves, Morgana Corrêa Campos. "Da instabilidade cambial às damandas protecionistas: a desvalorização do real em 1999, a reação argentina e lições para o Mercosul." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/84/84131/tde-04102006-131438/.
Full textThe present dissertation shows how the real?s devaluation in 1999 has adversely affected trade relations between Brazil and Argentina, inciting old protectionist demands from Argentine entrepreneurs and politicians. In a general way, the official numbers for bilateral trade prove that a feared invasion of Brazilian products into the Argentine market has never materialized. However, one can verify that the absence of clear rules and de facto institutionalization for the Mercosur has paved the way for the use of anti-dumping measures and attempts at adopting safeguard measures within the bloc. Such measures helped reduce bilateral trade, which was also hit by the crisis that struck the region, weakening consumer purchasing power and causing uncertainties among producers. This dissertation also shows that entrepreneurs and politicians from both countries waged a war of accusations and threats in newspapers, thus hampering industry-to-industry negotiations in progress and putting Mercosur?s viability in jeopardy.
Quintão, Aylê-Salassié Filgueiras. "Mercosul (Mercosur - Ñemby Ñemuha) passaporte para a americanide : discurso dos jornalistas correspondentes brasileiros no exterior (1995-2005)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2008. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/2579.
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A pesquisa procura identificar a americanidade em matizes de matrizes identitárias contidos nos discursos dos jornalistas correspondentes brasileiros em Buenos Aires e Washington/Nova York quando, dos seus lugares de fala, referem-se ao Mercosul, considerado aqui um vetor, não único, do patronímio continental. Esses matizes são buscados, nos primeiros quinze anos de existência do bloco, na intertextualidade e na interdiscursividade que afloram das matérias jornalísticas e dos artigos relativos ao Mercosul, editados por esta mesma mídia, ou escritos por autoridades de governo, parlamentares, empresários, intelectuais e sindicalistas, com o objetivo de observar a extensão do espaço integracionista. Ambos são atravessados por representações que desvelam marcas de uma identidade cidadã comum. A tese enfatiza, ao longo dos oito capítulos, a perspectiva sócio-histórica e cultural do Mercosul, o mais das vezes enfocada no viés econômico. A questão identitária e a modernização acompanham emblematicamente o cotidiano da vida dos povos da América (Latina) desde que espanhóis e portugueses aportaram na região nos primeiros anos do século XVI, apresentando, às vezes, uma face centrípeta, outras, atuando de maneira centrífuga. Ao longo do tempo, essas duas vertentes performatizadas do imaginário da América vão se confundindo, fundindo e ganhando materialidade própria em direção a uma identidade regional, cujas moventes modulações encontram no Mercosul um importante vetor de configuração e reconfiguração. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMEN
La investigación busca identificar la americanidad en matices de matrices identitários contenidos en los discursos de los periodistas correspondientes brasileños en Buenos Aires y Washington/Nova York cuando, de sus “lugares de reportaje”, refiriéndose al Mercosur, considerado aquí un vector, no único, del patronímico continental. Esos matices son buscados, en los primeros quince años de existencia del bloque, en la intertextualidad y en la interdiscursividad que surgen de las matérias periodísticas y de los artículos relativos al Mercosur, editados por esa misma prensa, los escritos por autoridades de gobierno, parlamentares, empresarios, intelectuales y sindicalistas, con el objetivo de observar la extensión del espacio integracionista. Ambos son atravesados por representaciones que desvelan marcas de una identidad ciudadana común. La tesis enfatiza, a lo largo de los ocho capítulos, la perspectiva socio-histórica y cultural del Mercosur, la mayoría de las veces enfocada en el viés económico. La cuestión identitária y la modernización acompañan emblemáticamente el cotidiano de la vida de los pueblos de la América (Latina) desde que españoles y portugueses desembarcaron en la región en los primeros años del siglo XVI, presentando, a veces, una cara centrípeta, otras, actuando de manera centrífuga. A lo largo del tiempo esas dos vertientes del imaginario de la América, performatizadas, se van confundiendo, fundiendo y ganando materialidad propia en dirección a una identidad regional, cuyas movientes modulaciones encuentran en el Mercosur un importante vector de configuración y reconfiguración. __________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
The research aims to identify the “americanidade” in matrix and shades of identity contained in the speeches of brazilian correspondents journalists in Buenos Aires, Washington and New York when they refer to the “Mercosul”. The “Mercosul” is considered in this study an array of continental common identity. The study was based on the first fifteen years of operation of Mercosul. To identify the “americanidade”, the technical analysis of speech was applied in the corresponding articles of journalists on “Mercosul” edited by the media. In search of the social extension of the idea of integration, which has a meaning very close to the “americanidade”, it was used the same strategy of analysis to assess the content of the speeches contained in articles written by authorities of government, parliamentarians, businessmen, intellectuals and trade unionist. These speeches contains depictions of a common identity. The problems of identity and modernization emblematically accompanying the daily life of the South American people since Spanish and Portuguese reached the region in the early years of the sixteenth century. They are relevant to observe the contents of articles in their different point of view. They have sometimes Centripetal interpretation in favor of the “americanidade”, sometimes Centrifuge. Over time, these problems will be confusing, merging and gaining a profile regional originality. By promoting such mergers also, “Mercosul” is becoming an important vector of configuration and reconfiguration of “americanidade”. This thesis was developed in eight chapters, and emphasizes the socio-historical and cultural perspective of “Mercosul”, often focusing on the subject of an economic argument.
Rufino, Thiago Deiglis de Lima. "O direito da integração no mercosul e as relações laborais." Universidade Católica de Santos, 2017. http://biblioteca.unisantos.br:8181/handle/tede/3581.
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Integration right and labor relations in MERCOSUR is a theme that addresses norms related to regionalism process prevenient from the Treaty of Asunción formalization, which created the Common Market of the South. MERCOSUR results of a Latin American states¿ grouping in search of economic protection and a larger market field, with emphasis initially on Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay. Next, Venezuela was included as an integrated country, as well as Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Guyana and Suriname were included as associate countries. However, factors such as economic protection and market search were not unique in this integration process, but allied to globalization phenomenon spread and diffusion of social rights linked to the human being. As a regionalization process in Latin America, it became part of the economic block. In order to do so, it used negotiations formulated through intergovernmental negotiations, which depended, therefore, on participating States validation in their respective internal systems in order to implement their guidelines. Originally thought to be MERCOSUR as a mechanism for economic expansion, its character of social integration was obliterated, accomplished during its evolution through Ouro Preto Protocol (dated 1994) and the Olivos Protocol (dated 2002), establishing systems and guidelines on social issues, among them, labor. Despite the existence of those search instruments for intrabloc social peace, their lack of effectiveness is evident, due to member countries¿ economic, political and social asymmetries. Therefore, it is aimed to demonstrate that labor negotiations effectiveness will occur with norms harmonization, observing the group¿s asymmetry specificities.
A temática direito da integração no MERCOSUL e das relações laborais aborda as normativas ligadas ao processo de regionalismo advindo da formalização do Tratado de Assunção, que criou o Mercado Comum do Sul. O Mercosul é fruto de uma agrupação de Estados latino-americanos em busca da proteção econômica e maior campo de mercado, com destaque inicialmente para o Brasil, a Argentina, o Paraguai e o Uruguai. Em seguida, foi integrado como membro a Venezuela, e como países associados a Bolívia, o Chile, a Colômbia, o Peru, o Equador, a Guiana e Suriname. Contudo, os fatores proteção econômica e busca de mercado não foram exclusivos neste processo de integração, mas aliados à propagação do fenômeno da globalização e difusão dos direitos sociais ligados à pessoa humana. Como processo de regionalização da América Latina, integralizou-se na condição de bloco econômico. Para tanto, utilizou tratativas formuladas através de negociações de cunho intergovernamental, dependendo, assim, da convalidação dos Estados partícipes nos seus respectivos ordenamentos internos para a efetivação de suas diretrizes. Pensado preliminarmente o MERCOSUL como mecanismo de expansão econômica, foi relegado a segundo plano seu caráter de integração social, o que foi efetivado no transcorrer de sua evolução através do Protocolo de Ouro Preto (datado de 1994) e do Protocolo de Olivos (datado de 2002), instituindo organismos e diretrizes sobre temas de cunho social, entre estes, o laboral. Apesar da existência destes instrumentos de busca da paz social intrabloco, fica evidente sua falta de eficácia, diante das assimetrias econômicas, políticas e sociais dos países-membros. Logo, objetiva-se demonstrar que a eficácia das tratativas de cunho laboral se dará com a harmonização das normas, observando-se as especificidades desta condição de assimetria do grupo.
Corrêa, Isabela Furegatti. "Um estudo sobre a evolução do MERCOSUL: do regionalismo aberto ao regionalismo pós-hegemônico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/84/84131/tde-14062017-123343/.
Full textThis paper focuses on the analysis of the Latin Americas regionalism evolution, especially confronting the main features of regionalism models in the continent characterized as \"open\" and \"post-hegemonic. Both regionalisms characterize the periods of creation and development of the main economic bloc in South America, Mercosur, and determine its transformations and performance. Due to its relevance in history as well as in the transformation of the regional integration pattern, through a historical analysis, this paper studies the issues that motivated its creation, structure, importance in the region and how, over the years, has changed due to external and domestic influences of its members, which strongly influenced in specific models of integration that composed the Mercosur, called strategic, social and productive regionalisms. Thus, it aims to demonstrate that Mercosur reflects the economic, political and social changes that occurred at the end of the twentieth century, culminating in its creation and development, modifying it substantially in the first decade of the current century.
Carvalho, Guilherme Soares Schulz de. "OS DESAFIOS DA PREVIDÊNCIA SOCIAL NO MERCOSUL: O ACORDO MULTILATERAL DE SEGURIDADE SOCIAL." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2015. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/218.
Full textThis paper discusses the welfare protection to workers in the Mercosur since entry into force of the Multilateral Agreement on Social Security (AMSS) in 2005. The overall objective of the research was to identify the criteria for access to and coverage of welfare protection through the AMSS. The specific purpose of research is to analyze the principles of welfare protection to workers and their applicability to the Multilateral Agreement on Mercosur Social Security; identify the number of workers benefiting from the Multilateral Agreement on Social Security of Mercosur from its entry into force and; identify the coverage of welfare protection provided for in AMSS. The research is exploratory and descriptive. The data collection was carried out through bibliographic, documentary and interview research, and the results were organized and presented in three chapters, which starts of the historical struggle for welfare protection to see how this develops regionally in Mercosur and what the main advances and perspectives of this protection in the block. This research aimed to also contribute to the critical analysis of the welfare protection at the regional level and the movement of workers in Mercosur, and concludes that although there is considerable number of circulating workers, a large part still needs protection, especially due to the informality in the labor market. It was also found the need to think of an enlarged citizenship in Mercosur, which in fact universalize access and coverage to this type of social protection.
O presente trabalho aborda a proteção previdenciária aos trabalhadores do Mercosul a partir da entrada em vigor do Acordo Multilateral de Seguridade Social (AMSS) em 2005. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi identificar os critérios para acesso e a abrangência da proteção previdenciária através do AMSS. Como objetivos específicos a pesquisa busca analisar os princípios da proteção previdenciária aos trabalhadores e sua aplicabilidade no Acordo Multilateral de Seguridade Social do Mercosul; identificar o número de trabalhadores beneficiados pelo Acordo Multilateral de Seguridade Social do Mercosul a partir de sua entrada em vigor e; identificar a cobertura da proteção previdenciária prevista no AMSS. A pesquisa é exploratória e descritiva. A coleta de dados se deu por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e entrevista, e os resultados foram organizados e apresentados em três capítulos, que parte da luta histórica pela proteção previdenciária até verificar como esta se desenvolve regionalmente no Mercosul e quais os principais avanços e perspectivas dessa proteção no bloco. Esta pesquisa buscou, ainda, contribuir com a análise crítica sobre a proteção previdenciária em âmbito regional e a circulação de trabalhadores no Mercosul, e conclui que, embora haja considerável número de trabalhadores circulando, grande parcela ainda carece de proteção, sobretudo por conta da informalidade no mercado de trabalho. Também se constatou a necessidade de se pensar em uma cidadania ampliada no Mercosul, que de fato universalize o acesso e a abrangência a esse tipo de proteção social.
Fernandez, Torello Adrian. "Partidos politicos na integração regional = o caso do MERCOSUL." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279222.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Esta dissertação investiga o acionar dos partidos políticos no âmbito do Mercosul, procurando demonstrar como as características próprias de cada sistema partidário podem interferir na capacidade de incidência dos partidos políticos com relação o processo regional. O estudo é baseado na perspectiva teórica do Neo-funcionalismo, o que levou a separar a análises dos partidos em dois níveis: um interno e outro externo. No nível interno estudamos, primeiramente, os graus de institucionalidade dos países eleitos (Argentina, Brasil e Uruguai) e, posteriormente, realiza-se um levantamento acerca da porcentagem de aprovação das decisões emanadas do Mercosul e interiorizadas por cada Parlamento Nacional. No nível externo foram pesquisados os partidos políticos no âmbito do Parlamento do Mercosul, centrando a análise, especificamente, na composição político partidária e territorial dos parlamentares e, num segundo momento, foram estudados os debates e aprovações feitas nas sessões. A principal conclusão do trabalho permite afirmar que as características próprias dos sistemas partidários dos países do Mercosul, não estariam gerando condições propícias para um desempenho adequado dos partidos políticos para com o mesmo
Abstract: This dissertation investigates the action of political parties within the Mercosur, aiming to demonstrate how the particular characteristics of each political party may interfere in their capacity to influence the regional process. The study is based on the theoretical perspective of Neo-functionalism, which led to divide the analysis of the political parties in two levels: internal and external. At the internal level we first analyzed the level of institutionalization of the studied countries (Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay) and, subsequently, we conducted an analysis of the percentage of the decisions made by the Mercosur and adopted by the Congress of each country. At the external level, first we studied the political parties within the Mercosur Parliament, focusing the analysis in the political party and territorial composition of the representatives, and secondly, the debates and acts passed during the Sessions. The main conclusion of this thesis is that the particular characteristics of the party systems of the countries members of the Mercosur would not be fostering the appropriate conditions for an adequate performance of the political parties in the development of the regional bloc
Mestrado
Partidos Politicos e Comportamento Politico
Mestre em Ciência Política
Trevisan, Marilia Lopes. "Teoria jurídica da integração no Mercosul." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2135/tde-10092012-163453/.
Full textBy proposing a masters thesis on the legal theory of regional integration, we intend to investigate those specific legal characteristics that do not allow it to be characterized as just another classic economic cooperation instrument between States, nor as a community organism. Despite using the legal theory of economic integration to clarify the investigation criteria, it will be in the analysis of the organic and the normative structure of MERCOSUR that we aim to investigate the peculiar nature of its law. We believe that the characterization of a block under one of the nomenclatures proposed by the regional integration theory is, in reality, a product of its derived law. Indeed, the diverse elements that concur to a characterization of this law that are the ones so may times presented as evidence that a regional block is a cooperative or a community one, defining a whole mechanism by a single piece of it. On the contrary, the masters thesis now presented exposes the initial results of our investigation about the totality of elements that concur to indicate the nature of law of the integration process in MERCOSUL. We do not intend to investigate the nature of the block just for classificatory sake. Rather, we believe identifying the unique character of MERCOSURs integration process might contribute not only to a strict analysis of the blocks performance on the functions it was once assigned but also to foresee possible corrections on its direction in order to drive the block back to its path and to indicate where the integration process is actually driving us all.
Vartanian, Pedro Raffy. "Choques monetários e cambiais sob regimes de câmbio flutuante nos países membros do Mercosul." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/84/84131/tde-30112008-181945/.
Full textThis thesis examines the behavior of the economies of the four member countries of Mercosur (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay) from the operation of floating exchange regimes, which replaced the strictest regimes since the end of the 90s. The goal is to determine if, under floating exchange rate, there are signs of macroeconomic convergence among countries of the bloc, through the application of a VAR (Vector Autoregression) model and complementary empirical tests. The simulation of shock with the use of vector autoregression model intended compare the operation and the effects of monetary and exchange rate policies of the countries through elasticities between variables, which has been obtained in the impulse response functions, and of the participation of each variable in the system, verified by the decomposition of the forecasting errors from the variance. In addition, exogeneity tests were performed, in order to make a comparative analysis, and stability, to evaluate the occurrence of symmetric shocks in the region. The results of estimation and testing enabled to demonstrate that there is no evidence of macroeconomic convergence among the Mercosur countries, because beyond the distinguished elasticity between variables estimated for each of the countries and the differences in classification of variables exogeneity, different periods of instability indicate asymmetry of shocks among countries of the region.
Leite, Maria Luísa Telarolli de Almeida [UNESP]. "O Acordo do Aquífero Guarani e a ótica da integração regional." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/154202.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Esta dissertação se propôs a analisar o histórico e os desdobramentos da assinatura do Acordo do Aquífero Guarani (2010), no âmbito do MERCOSUL. A pesquisa buscou pensar se é possível tratar o meio ambiente – mais especificamente a água, devido a sua já reconhecida importância como fonte de conflito e cooperação – como um dos eixos de ação conjunta entre os países por meio de sua gestão compartilhada. Sendo este um tema relevante, foram analisados quais os progressos alcançados nesse sentido e sua relação com ótica da integração entre países que possuem reservas hídricas compartilhadas extremamente ricas e de interesse não apenas regional, mas também mundial, uma vez que a escassez desses recursos se faz presente no dia a dia de diversas populações ao redor do globo. Em suma, a pesquisa teve como fulcro observar em que medida o projeto de integração do MERCOSUL facilitaria ou não a cooperação na gestão do recurso hídrico. Pretendeu-se analisar a governança internacional engendrada no acordo do Aquífero Guarani, o que pressupõe a criação de estruturas supranacionais e extrapola os limites que caracterizam o MERCOSUL do modo como foi concebido, enquanto projeto intergovernamental. Ademais, foi interesse desta dissertação refletir também sobre o modo como a concepção do acordo do Aquífero, embora secundária em relação ao perfil comercial dominante do bloco, poderia ser um estímulo ao aprofundamento da integração entre os países, questão que é debatida, mas aguarda ainda ações mais concretas para sua efetivação.
The study aimed to analyze the history and developments of the signing of the Guarani Aquifer Agreement (2010) within the scope of Mercosur. The research sought to ponder whether it was possible to treat the environment – more specifically water resources, due to their recognized importance as a source of both conflict and cooperation – as one of the axes of joint action between the Mercosur countries through their shared management. Indisputably a relevant theme, the study looked into what progress has been achieved in the cooperative direction, from the perspective of the integration between countries that have extremely rich water reserves and of both regional and worldwide interests, for the scarcity of these reserves is present in the day-to-day life of diverse populations around the globe. In sum, the research focused on evaluating the extent to which the Mercosur integration project would facilitate the cooperation to carry out the water resource management. The intention was to analyze the international governance generated in the Guarani Aquifer Agreement, for it presupposes the creation of supranational structures and goes beyond the limits that characterize the Mercosur in the way it was conceived as an intergovernmental project. In addition, the scope of this project has included pondering how the design of the aquifer agreement, although of minor importance in relation to the dominant commercial profile of the block, could foster deeper integration between the countries, though a controversial issue, it still awaits more concrete actions for their implementation.
Machado, Jessica Gomes. "Integração regional e democracia participativa no Mercosul: uma análise sobre o Mercosul social e participativo." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2014. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/2560.
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CAPES
This dissertation paper analyzes the social dimension in the Regional Integration Process through participatory democracy. In this regard, we go through the historical background of integration and transformations that happened in the forms of South America’s government, until the arrival of democracy. In general, the South American’s countries were subject to social upheavals and military coups, but in the mid-1980s, the region initiated the re-democratization period. Democracy has been considered as an important factor to bring better socio-economic conditions to the Southern Cone, so it is necessary that citizens become participants in this process. In this research will be analyzed how the Mercosur acts in a creating policies for realization of popular participation, representing a maturing of the block so that the social issue is more debated, finding in the Mercosur Social and Participative incentive for greater social participation, it will be performed a study of the social initiatives of the block. By presenting the theoretical basis of regional integration, it was demonstrate the applicability of regional integration’s theories, the Functionalism and Neofunctionalism to explain the block’s case. Firstly this study aims to analyze Mercosur’s social measures, we aim to investigate how these initiatives contribute to the deepening of the social dimension of the block.
A presente dissertação analisa a dimensão social no Processo de Integração Regional, através da democracia participativa. Para tanto, percorremos os antecedentes históricos da integração e as transformações sofridas nas formas de governo dos países da América do Sul, até a chegada da democracia. Em termos gerais, os países sul-americanos ficaram sujeitos a convulsões sociais e golpes militares, mas em meados da década de 1980, a região deu início ao período de redemocratização. A democracia passou a ser considerada um fator importante para trazer melhores condições sócio-econômicas para o Cone Sul, assim, é necessário que os cidadãos se tornem participantes desse processo. Nessa pesquisa será analisada a forma como o Mercosul atua na criação de políticas voltadas para realização da participação popular, representando um amadurecimento do bloco, fazendo com que a questão social seja mais debatida, encontrando no Mercosul Social e Participativo incentivo para uma maior participação social, será realizado um estudo das iniciativas sociais do bloco. Ao apresentar as bases teóricas da integração regional, procurou-se demonstrar a aplicabilidade das teorias da integração regional, o Funcionalismo e Neo funcionalismo, para explicar o caso do bloco. Este trabalho se propõe principalmente analisar as medidas sociais do Mercosul, temos por objetivo averiguar de que maneira essas iniciativas contribuem para o aprofundamento da dimensão social do bloco.
Lemos, Carlos Júlio Santos de. "As exportações brasileiras de automóveis para o Mercosul entre 1991 e 2006: criação ou desvio de comercio?" Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2009. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2775.
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O crescimento da economia dos países está fundamentado no crescimento da economia mundial, que por sua vez depende do desenvolvimento do comércio entre estes países. A integração comercial entre países vem ocorrendo através de negociações multilaterais e acordos regionais. As teorias de comércio internacional demonstram que o incremento das relações internacionais promove ganhos econômicos e de competitividade aos países. No caso do Mercosul a partir de 1991, o fluxo comercial foi importante para os países-membros e vem se intensificando ao longo dos anos. O presente estudo investiga a existência de criação ou desvio de comércio no Mercosul dos produtos mais relevantes do capitulo 87 do Sistema Harmonizado (SH) de 1991 a 2006, englobando automóveis e suas partes, peças e acessórios, e sua relevância comparada às exportações mundiais totais, medidos pelo IOR - Índice de Orientação Regional e IVCR - Índice de Vantagens Comparativas Reveladas, respectivamente. Os resultados demonstram a existência de três períod
The economic growth of countries is based on the growth of world economy, which in turn depends on the development of trade between these countries. The trade integration between countries has been occurring through multilateral negotiations and regional agreements. The theories of international trade show that the increase in international relations promotes economic gains and competitiveness. In the case of Mercosur since 1991 the trade was important for its members and has been intensifying over the years. This study investigates the existence of creation or diversion of trade and start making comparison of the products most relevant in Chapter 87, from 1991 to 2006, including cars, parts and accessories in the Mercosur and its relevance compared to total world exports, as measured by the ROI - Regional “Orientation” Index and RCA – “Revealed” Comparative Advantage, respectively. The results show the existence of three distinct periods for the economy of Mercosur and suggest that those products in the auto
Lopes, Francisco Cleidson Tavares. "Os desafios da aplicação do fenômeno do transconstitucionalismo entre países-membros do Mercosul." Universidade Católica de Santos, 2018. http://biblioteca.unisantos.br:8181/handle/tede/4681.
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Um dos reflexos do processo de globalização é a relativização da soberania estatal que sofre mitigação em razão da forte interação entre os Estados por meio da formação de blocos comerciais. Uma das consequências deste processo é a colisão que passa a eventualmente ocorrer quando Estados soberanos prolatam decisões contrárias a respeito do mesmo tema. Seja o conflito entre um Estado soberano e um bloco regional, seja uma decisão contrária entre blocos regionais ou mesmo organismos internacionais. De maneira geral, o monismo ou dualismo se apresentavam como meios para solucionar estes conflitos, entretanto tais instrumentos restam superados em razão de suas contrariedades e anacronismo. Assim, o transconstitucionalismo surge como importante instrumento de solução de conflitos ao permitir um melhor ¿diálogo¿ entre as legislações e a adequação dos interesses envolvidos. A aplicação do transconstitucionalismo para superar conflitos entre os Estados membros do Mercosul não é só algo satisfatório como muito interessante, sobretudo em razão das complicações que este bloco comercial tem enfrentado. De maneira ainda mais especial, utilizar o transconstitucionalismo para garantir e promover os direitos humanos dos povos latino-americanos é cumprir grande missão e aspiração de toda a região. Para tal, fez-se pesquisa descritiva quanto aos objetivos e bibliográfica quanto aos procedimentos por meio do método dedutivo.
One of the globalization´s reflexes is the state-owned sovereignty relativization which passes through mitigation caused by the strong interaction among States in reason of the trading blocs formation. A consequence of this process is the eventual collision when sovereignty States decide about the same subject whith opposite views. Whatever it is about a sovereignty State and a regional bloc conflict, whatever is an opposite decision over regional blocs ou even international organisms. Generally, monism and dualism were the commom form to solve these problems, however these ways are surpassed face their contraditions and anachronism. Thereby, transconstitucionalism emerge as an important form of conflict´s solution because it allows a better dialog over legislations making adequacy sense by diverse interests. The usage of transconstitucionalism by Mercosur member states to solve conflcts is not just satisfactory as very interesting, mainly in reason by the conflicts this trading bloc has faced. In a special way, using transconstitucionalim to ensure and promote human rights from Latin American people is accomplishing a great mission and aspiration of all region. For this, it was done a descritive search about objectives and bibliographic as procedures througt dedutive method.
Oliveira, Joao Paulo de. "Adjudicação e comércio internacional - o caso dos pneus reformados." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/84/84131/tde-18122012-091855/.
Full textThe international jurisdiction expands with the creation, from the second half of the twentieth century, of a large number of international judicial entities. Such entities are usually designed with specialization in a particular segment of international law, that somehow breaks the its unity. In parallel, the increase in the frequency of cases prosecuted before the various tribunals multiplies the occurrence in which the performance of one of the courts interferes in the actions of others. There are not yet rules to minimize this overlap. In the more restricted field of jurisdictions concerned with international trade, the problem repeats itself somehow. The adjudication in this area is especially offered by the WTO dispute settlement system, the correlates regional systems of dispute settlement (such as MERCOSUR), and the national judiciaries. There are several episodes in which national judgments echoed in regional disputes and in disputes before the dispute settlement system of WTO. The same occurs in the reverse path, ie, there are also cases in which decisions taken in the WTO and in regional systems interfered in the national sphere. Anyhow, in the capacity of the WTO to set the main parameters that guided international trade today, the relationship between the three different jurisdictional levels - WTO, regional and national - just show up more hierarchical when compared to other segments of international jurisdiction. Disputes about the Brazilian import regime for used and retreaded tires are representative of the dilemmas that exist today in the relationship between different levels of jurisdiction and the outcome of cases to date, indicates a certain attempt of adaptation, by the Brazilian judiciary, of its decisions to the understandings and recommendations of international spheres.
Silva, Eduardo Gralha. "A solução de conflitos mercantis transnacionais no Mercosul em tempos de globalização." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2007. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3439.
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Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar as possibilidades e a mais adequada aplicação do direito na solução de controvérsias decorrentes de contratos de compra e venda internacional de natureza mercantil no âmbito do Mercosul, com base e na ótica do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Tem como base teórica o princípio da autonomia da vontade na eleição da norma e do foro aplicáveis a eventual solução judicial, o qual norteou a pesquisa bibliográfica desenvolvida. A busca da aplicação das normas jurídicas nacionais e internacionais adequadas possibilitou o conhecimento do contexto legal dos Estados Partes da integração, para que se possam resolver as antinomias que decorrem do entrelaçamento de relações interestatais e contratos de direito internacional privado. A análise parte da abordagem inicial da origem das formações integrativas, a globalização, e segue no direito interno brasileiro, dos demais países integrantes, no direito internacional, dos tratados e convenções que instituíram e estruturam o Mercosul, passando pelos diversos elementos de conexão entre a legislação interna e demais legislações internacionais. Ao final, o estudo chega à conclusão de que as soluções mais adequadas seriam: para a definição do direito aplicável, a ratificação pelos Estados Partes do Mercosul da Convenção Interamericana do México, e, para a definição do foro competente, a aplicação do Protocolo de Buenos Aires, uma vez que permitem às partes a livre escolha, primando e privilegiando pela autonomia da vontade dos contratantes, trazendo segurança jurídica no momento da contratação.
El estudio pretende presentar las posibilidades y la más adecuada aplicación del derecho en la solución de controversias resultantes de contratos de compra y venta internacionales de naturaleza mercantil en el ámbito del MERCOSUR, bajo la óptica del ordenamiento jurídico brasileño. Su base teórica es principio de la autonomía de la voluntad en la elección de la norma y del foro aplicables a una eventual solución judicial, el cual ha dando la base de la pesquisa bibliográfica desarrallada. La búsqueda de la aplicación de las normas jurídicas nacionales e internacionales adecuadas permitieran el conocimiento del contexto legal de los Estados Partes de la integración, para que se pueda establecer y resolver las antinomias derivadas de este entrelazamiento de relaciones interestatales y contratos de Derecho Internacional Privado. La análisis parte del abordaje inicial de la origen de las formaciones integrativas, la globalización, y sigue en el derecho interno brasileño, de los otros países integrantes, en el derecho internacional, de los tratados y convenciones que instituiran y estructuran el MERCOSUR, pasando por los diversos elementos de conexión entre la legislación interna y estas otras legislaciones internacionales. Al final, el estudio llega a la conclusión que las soluciones más adecuadas serian: para la definición del derecho aplicable, la ratificación por los Estados Partes del MERCOSUR de la Convención Interamericana del México, y para la definición del foro competente, la aplicación del Protocolo de Buenos Aires, una vez que permiten a las partes la libre elección, primando y privilegiando la autonomía de la voluntad de los contratantes, y trayendo seguridad jurídica al momento de la contratación.
Rascovan, Alejandro. "MERCOSUR, integración regional y dinámicas transfronterizas : el caso del ferrocarril internacional en la frontera argentino-brasileña." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0171.
Full textThe general objective of this Doctoral Thesis is to analyze and interpret America Latina Logistica (ALL) international railroad, as an Actor-network, in the context of MERCOSUR'S regional integration, through a critic geopolitics perspective and with a multiscale reasoning. The railroad as an Actor-network is a complex object, ideal to contrast interest and competencies, agreements and conflicts between public and private actors as well as the civil society. We seek to question those actor's relations, the circulation of capitals, the political games and the consequent legislation that derives and sustains this mean of transportation, its network and the territorial transformations within the frontier space between the cities of Paso de los Libres and Uruguayana. The study of this railroad enables the analysis of regional and national transportation and infrastructure policy as well as transborder dynamics and local/global tension in border cities. Our research is structured into three sections: the first section addresses the rail transportation within Argentina's and Brazil's bilateral relation and MERCOSUR; the second section is about the 156 years of railway policies for the provinces of Entre Rios, Corrientes y Misiones (Argentina) and the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), considering the global capitals alternation cycles and their relation to the States, and the third section problematizes on the local/global tensions provoked by the crossing of the international railroad of the cities Paso de los Libres y Uruguayana. This border space locates, since the 19th century, in the middle of global actors and Nation-States geopolitical interests
Locateli, Cláudia Cinara. "MERCOSUL." Florianópolis, SC, 2001. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/79637.
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O estudo ocupa-se em focalizar a experiência vivenciada pelo processo de integração da União Européia, paradigma mais avançado do mundo, partindo dos aspectos históricos, da evolução evidenciada a partir da análise de seus Tratados, de sua estrutura institucional, e finalmente, de sua estrutura jurídica
Araujo, Gustavo Batista. "O déficit entre acordado e realizado no Mercosul: a influência dos grupos de interesse e o estudo do caso brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-04032009-164421/.
Full textAmong the objectives stated in the foundational treaty of Mercosul we are able to find the elimination of tariffs in the commerce between member-states (the institution of a Free-Trade Area) and the establishment of a Common External Tariff (CET) for the commercial relations with the rest of the world (creation of a Customs Union). The permanence of exceptions to free trade among the member-states of Mercosul and to the CET reflects a level of protection beyond the level agreed initially in the Tratado de Assunção. The main objective of the present dissertation is to try to explain the deficit observed between the agreed in the Tratado de Assunção and the effectively implemented in reality. The central thesis of this work is that the influence of interest groups was (and still is) a key factor when trying to explain the deficit between agreed and implemented, specially in what refers to the commercial matters. This dissertation, besides, tries to offer some evidence, trough the study of the Brazilian case, in favor of the assertion that interest groups affected (and are still affecting) commercial policy in Mercosul.
Lima, Karine Fabiane de. "A centralidade dos Programas de Transferência de Renda na Agenda Social do MERCOSUL." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2014. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/208.
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The Mercosur began in 1991, as a strategic political in order to increase the trade among countries of the region, however, since 2000 advances in the establishment of a social agenda were evidenced. In the last decade, institutional mechanisms were created to the social agenda accomplishment in the Mercosur. The social agenda in Mercosur comprehends a group of measure directed towards the country development of trading bloc, with the decreasing priority of the poverty level. Among the measures adopted by region government, income transference programs were evidenced as a way to decrease the poverty. The research aims to analyse the characteristics of the income transference programs in countries of trading bloc, its way of operationalization and coverage, its inclusion or not inside the social security field. The general aim is evaluating the centrality of income transference programs on social agenda of Mercosur and its articulation with the measures adopted by the Brazilian Government. The perspective adopted in order to analyse the study object is given by the critical theory, incorporating Marxist categories for discussion about capitalism, globalization and poverty. The methodology comes through the bibliographical research, documental study and data collection through interviews with technicians from Mercosur Social Institute.
O MERCOSUL teve início em 1991, como uma estratégia política para elevar o comércio entre os países da região, no entanto, a partir de 2000 evidencia avanços no estabelecimento de uma agenda social. Na última década, foram criados mecanismos institucionais voltados para a realização da agenda social no MERCOSUL. A Agenda Social do MERCOSUL compreende um conjunto de medidas voltadas para o desenvolvimento dos países do bloco, tendo prioridade as medidas para redução dos níveis de pobreza. Entre as medidas adotadas pelos governos da região, ganharam destaque os programas de transferência de rendas como forma de redução da pobreza. A pesquisa busca analisar as características dos programas de transferência de rendas nos países do bloco, a forma de operacionalização e cobertura, e a sua inclusão ou não dentro do campo da seguridade social. O objetivo geral é avaliar a centralidade dos programas de transferência de rendas dentro da Agenda Social do MERCOSUL e sua articulação com as medidas adotadas pelo Governo Brasileiro. A perspectiva adotada para análise do objeto de estudo é dada pela teoria crítica, incorporando categorias marxistas na discussão sobre capitalismo, globalização e pobreza. A metodologia parte da pesquisa bibliográfica, estudo documental e coleta de dados por meio de entrevista semi- estruturada com técnicos do Instituto Social do MERCOSUL.
Oliveira, Giseli Aparecida de. "INSTITUTO SOCIAL DO MERCOSUL E FUNDO DE CONVERGÊNCIA ESTRUTURAL DO MERCOSUL NO CONTEXTO DA AGENDA SOCIAL." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2015. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/232.
Full textThe Mercosur began in 1991, as a political strategy to raise the trade between the countries of the region and gain space in the international scenario. The process of regional integration has registered progress in addition to the economic aspects and has come to include debate and deliberations in the social area. From 2000 identifies the establishment of a social agenda for the Mercosur and the creation of institutional mechanisms directed to its operationalization. The Social Agenda of Mercosur can be understood as a set of actions, programs and institutions that constitute the framework of regional integration with the goal of reducing disparities and social inequalities in the countries of block. Among the measures adopted by the Council of the Common Market - CMC, we highlight the creation of two institutions: the Institute of Social Mercosur - ISM, and the Convergence Fund Structural Mercosur - Structural Convergence Fund (FOCEM). The theme of the research is the institutionalization of the social agenda in Mercosur. As general purpose we describe the institutions: ISM and Structural Convergence Fund (FOCEM), in the process of Operationalizing the social agenda in Mercosur. The study is descriptive and exploratory, with the collection of data by means of bibliographic research, documentary and semi-structured interviews with technicians from ISM and Structural Convergence Fund (FOCEM), and observation. The paper presents an analysis of the theme institutionalism and neo-institucionalism, with the concept of institutions, showing its main theoretical settings. Part of the premise of the fundamental role of institutions in the process of regional integration and the construction of a social agenda. From the literature review and documentary, describes how the functioning of the institutions ISM and Structural Convergence Fund (FOCEM), in the context of regional integration. The documentary research has as its source of data the decisions of the Council of the Common Market - CMC, and discussions with the RMADS - Meeting of Ministers of Authorities of Social Development. The observation is given in technical visit institutions Structural Convergence Fund (FOCEM), ISM, on the occasion of the completion of the interviews with semistructured script. The study has revealed the effort by the institutions, Focem and ISM in creating strategic actions to ensure social cohesion and reduce disparities between states, still present with low factors of institutional and political support.
O Mercosul teve início em 1991, como uma estratégia política para elevar o comércio entre os países da região e ganhar espaço no cenário internacional. O processo de integração regional registrou avanços para além dos aspectos econômicos e passou a incluir debate e deliberações na área social. A partir de 2000 identifica-se o estabelecimento de uma agenda social para o Mercosul e a criação de mecanismos institucionais voltados para sua operacionalização. A Agenda Social do Mercosul pode ser compreendida como um conjunto de ações, programas e instituições que se constituem no âmbito da integração regional com o objetivo de redução das assimetrias e das desigualdades sociais nos países do bloco. Entre as medidas adotadas pelo Conselho do Mercado Comum – CMC, destacamos a criação de duas instituições sendo: o Instituto Social do Mercosul – ISM, e o Fundo de Convergência Estrutural do Mercosul - FOCEM. O tema da pesquisa é a institucionalização da agenda social no Mercosul. Como objetivo geral buscamos descrever as instituições: ISM e FOCEM no processo de operacionalização da agenda social no Mercosul. O estudo é de natureza descritiva e exploratória, com a coleta de dados por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e entrevistas semiestruturada com técnicos do ISM e FOCEM e observação. O trabalho apresenta uma análise do tema institucionalismo e neoinstitucionalismo, com o conceito de instituições, evidenciando suas principais definições teóricas. Parte da premissa do papel fundamental das instituições no processo de integração regional e na construção de uma agenda social. A partir da revisão bibliográfica e documental, identificou o funcionamento das instituições ISM e FOCEM no contexto da integração regional, apresentando os limites e possibilidades destas instituições. A pesquisa documental tem como fonte de dados as decisões do Conselho do Mercado Comum – CMC, e as discussões junto a RMADS - Reunião dos Ministros de Autoridades de Desenvolvimento Social. A observação se deu em visita técnica as instituições FOCEM e ISM, na ocasião da realização das entrevistas com roteiro semiestruturado. O estudo tenha revelado o esforço por parte das instituições, Focem e ISM, em criar ações estratégicas com vista a garantir coesão social e reduzir assimetrias entre os Estados, ainda apresentam-se com fatores reduzidos de institucionalidade e de apoio político.
Tessari, Gustavo Rosolen [UNESP]. "O impacto institucional da implantação de uma política de fundos estruturais no MERCOSUL: uma análise a partir dos governos não-centrais." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98974.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Esta dissertação tem como tema central o estudo acerca da relevância de uma política de Fundos Estruturais para o fortalecimento e a evolução institucional do processo de integração do Mercosul. Tendo como referência histórica a experiência da União Européia, onde políticas compensatórias baseadas em Fundos Estruturais e de Convergência tiveram e ainda têm um papel essencial no aprofundamento da integração, procuramos compreender como políticas desta natureza podem apresentar-se como uma necessidade no atual estágio da integração no Cone Sul. A análise dessas políticas foi realizada a partir da perspectiva das unidades governamentais nãocentrais (estados, municípios, províncias etc.), que no caso europeu desempenharam um papel importante na distribuição destes Fundos provenientes da esfera da integração. Assim sendo, esta pesquisa buscou subsidiar com informações relevantes o Projeto Temático “Gestão pública estratégica e inserção internacional de cidades” (CEDEC, FGV-SP, PUC-SP, UNESP, 2004), uma vez que procura compreender mais uma forma de articulação dos governos não centrais, que ultrapassa os limites do Estado-nação.
This dissertation has as central aim the study of the relevance of a policy of structural funds for strengthening and the institutional evolution of the process of integration of Mercosur. With reference to the historical experience of the European Union, where policies of compensation based on Structural and Convergence Funds had and still have a role in the deepening of integration, we try to understand how such policies may be understood as a necessity in the current stage of integration in the South Cone. The analysis of these policies was done from the perspective of non-central government units (states, municipalities, provinces etc.), which in Europe played an important role in the distribution of funds originated from the sphere of integration. So being, this research subsidized with relevant information the Project Strategic Public Management and International Insertion of Cities (CEDEC, FGV-SP, PUC-SP, UNESP, 2004), since it tries to understand another form of articulation of non-central governments, which goes beyond the boundaries of the so called Nation-State.
Gazzola, Ana Elisa Thomazella [UNESP]. "O Mercosul em dois momentos: uma análise a partir das revisões institucionais de 1994 e 2004." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151231.
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Outra
O objetivo desta pesquisa é comparar dois momentos do desenvolvimento institucional do Mercosul, tendo como eixo estruturante a revisão institucional de 2004. Para a realização deste objetivo, se faz necessário avaliar a evolução do bloco em dois períodos: de sua configuração institucional em 1994 até os antecedentes da revisão em 2004; e, a partir de 2004, com os debates acerca da criação de novas instituições e o surgimento de novos temas na agenda da integração até 2014. Para isto, se fez necessário entender os antecedentes da formação do bloco, ou seja, o fortalecimento das relações bilaterais entre Brasil e Argentina e o período de transição do bloco (1991-1994). Durante a primeira fase da integração, foram apresentadas as variáveis acompanhadas durante a pesquisa, principalmente a perpetuação das assimetrias sociais e de poder entre os membros do bloco, com foco nas crises enfrentadas especialmente no final da década de 1990. A segunda fase foi tratada a partir da revisão institucional de 2004, explorando o contexto das mudanças de forças políticas na região e a revisão histórica do regionalismo sul-americano. Por fim, a análise da institucionalidade do Mercosul foi realizada por meio da comparação desses dois dos momentos.
This master dissertation aims to compare two different moments of Mercosur's institutional development, having as its structural axis the institutional revision of 2004. In order to achieve this objective, it is necessary to evaluate the evolution of the bloc in two periods: from its institutional configuration in 1994 to the institutional review in 2004; as well as from 2004 the debates about the creation of new institutions and the emergence of new themes in the integration agenda until 2014. For this, it was necessary to understand the antecedents of the formation of the bloc, that is, the strengthening of relations between Brazil and Argentina and the transition period of the bloc (1991-1994). During the first phase of regional integration, the variables followed during the research were presented, mainly the perpetuation of social and power asymmetries among the members of the bloc, focusing on crises especially faced in the late 1990s. From the institutional review of 2004, exploring the context of changes in political forces in the region and the historical review of South American regionalism. Finally, the Mercosur institutional analysis was carried out by comparing these two moments.
Trapp, Glaucilene Pedroso. "A fragilidade institucional do Mercosul e os seus impactos sobre o mercado de trabalho." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/25820.
Full textThis thesis concerns the study of the creation of the Southern Cone Common Market (Mercosur), its institutional structure and the effects of this integration on the labor market in Brazil. The institutions, as well as Mercosur, are part of a dynamic, continuous and uncertain process. Therefore, they are always experiencing changes that can lead to gains or losses which will be reflected in the labor market. The hypothesis is that the Brazilian worker was not prepared for the changes in the labor market resulted from the emergence of Mercosur. Once trade relations between countries increased, new demands appeared and competition intensified. Throughout this thesis, we notice that the new demands of the labor market are not only reflects of the emergence of Mercosur, but also typical of a new global dynamics. Therefore, it is possible to identify that the issue of unemployment was already worrying before the formation of block, and it remained the same after the block. In other words, Mercosur has not contributed to the generation of more jobs in Brazil. What stands out is the frustration of expectations regarding the integration process, the growing evidence of different interests among the member governments and the progressive inefficiency of institutions that can manage differences among member countries. Institutions are crucial in the commitment of economic blocks. Consequently, the weakness of institutions in Mercosur makes the block does not get the expected results. The present study aims to analyze and discuss how the formation of Mercosur has caused changes in the labor market. Therefore, we can examine the impacts of these changes on the profile of the worker, besides the possibilities, alternatives and ways to adapt to Brazilian workers. Other objectives of this work are to assess the results of the Mercosur and the extent to which the block corresponds to what is expected for regional integration from its insertion in the international market. Moreover, the thesis aims to analyze the integration model proposed by the regional economic blocks, focusing on their institutional approach that will help or not to carry out decisive structural changes in the labor market. Furthermore, it considers whether Mercosur has conditions to form a common market, that is to say, to deepen the integration process and analyze the impact of this measure on the labor market. In conclusion, the intensification of trade in the region, involving the removal of strong commercial protectionism, and increased economic integration can positively impact on labor market. However, trade in Mercosur is still quite limited. In order to become a common market, Mercosur will have to advance the harmonization and convergence of basic social rights. The requirements of institutionalization have been fulfilled, but there are a series of institutional failures. However, the process of regional integration has been developed gradually, the integration plans are ambitious and we aim to reach the status of common market.
Celeste, Igor Isquierdo. "Argentina e Brasil nos primeiros 20 anos de Mercosul : políticas macroeconômicas e comércio bilateral." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/70008.
Full textMercosur has completed 20 years in 2011. Despite the advances seen at the beginning of the process, qualified by the strong intra-regional trade dynamic and by the custom union’s establishment, the optimism regarding to the regional bloc showed a downward trend over the years. The economic interdependent environment provided by the trade liberalization started to create unwanted effects and to demand increasing pro-integration impulses in order to accomplish the main objectives of Asuncion Treaty, which, in most cases, have not exceeded the rhetoric level. Among these undeveloped goals was the macroeconomic policy coordination, widely necessary to deepen the bloc’s trade and capable of preventing protectionists outbreaks so common among the participants, mainly between Argentina and Brazil, key-countries to the strengthening of Mercosur because of their political and economic influence. This lack of macroeconomic coordination, however, was characterized by phases of greater and lesser convergence between the two countries’ economic policies, which had results, respectively, more and less beneficial to the regional integration process. From this perspective, the aim of this paper is to define how the macroeconomic policies of Argentina and Brazil, along the outline that puts on one hand the neoliberal period (1991-2002) and on another a period when the state will play a bigger role (2003-2011), affected the regional integration, measured by their merchandise bilateral trade evolution. Therefore, the following questions arise: (i) was there any similarity in macroeconomic policies adopted by Argentina and Brazil during the twenty years of Mercosur? (ii) how do the exchange crises experienced by both countries and the consequent political changes occurred within each one altered their macroeconomic models? (iii) having in mind the absence of a more rigid cooperative framework, which ways their macroeconomic policies affect the evolution of their merchandise bilateral trade in? (iv) can we draw a positive relationship between the main economic plans of Argentina and Brazil and their more protectionist commercial policies regarding to their Mercour’s main neighbor? (v) what are the plausible macroeconomic policy coordination forms to be adopted by Argentina and Brazil? The answers to these questions are the main specific objectives of this paper.
Gruppelli, Jaqueline Lisbôa. "A MIGRAÇÃO LABORAL NO MERCOSUL A PARTIR DA ANÁLISE DOS ACORDOS SOBRE RESIDÊNCIA: ENTRE OUSADIA E TIMIDEZ." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9691.
Full textEven though it has been a little more than 15 years since the establishment of Mercosur and, along with it, the intention to strengthen the process of regional integration, through the commitment of the member countries - Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay of having their legislations in conformity, there are still many gaps which are easily visible creating obstacles for the social integrations of the peoples involved. Among these deficiencies, some endorsed documents along the history of Mercosur are directed to the protection of human rights and, consequently, to the social integration. However, some still lack effective commitment previously agreed by the member countries. Therefore the present paper becomes important as it is understood that the strengthening of the regional integration is not solely base don the economical trades between the countries. Moreover, due to the bordering permeability created with the Mercosur, the integration enlarges its reach with the human movement and the consequences produced by it. In this scenario, the present paper aims at investigating if the recent Agreements on Residence for Natives from the Mercosur member Countries discipline the human right to work of the immigrants from Mercosur. In order for that to happen, in a first moment we approached the necessity of interaction between the social and economical integration, from the protection of the human rights of the immigrant workers from the Mercosur countries. After that, the effectiveness of the Agreements on Residence and the repercussions for the social integration were analyzed, both in terms of perspectives of advancing as well as in terms of the stagnation of this integration. Finally, an investigation concerning the Mercosur working jurisdictions has been made previous to the Agreements being studied here, concerning the entailing judicial powers as well as the impact on the immigrant workers native from the Mercosur countries. Concluding, base don the analysis made, it is suggested a bigger effort from the member countries in relation to the working social norms endorsed which, theoretically, demonstrate being quite satisfactory, but lack real effectiveness in the Mercosur area.
Mesmo passados pouco mais de 15 anos desde a constituição do Mercosul e, com ela, o desígnio de fortificar o processo de integração regional, através do comprometimento dos Estados Partes - Argentina, Brasil, Paraguai e Uruguai - de harmonizarem suas legislações, ainda são plenamente visíveis as lacunas que obstaculizam a integração social dos povos envolvidos. Em meio a estas deficiências, alguns documentos subscritos ao longo da história do Mercosul voltam-se à proteção dos direitos humanos e, por conseqüência, à integração social; porém, alguns ainda carecem do efetivo comprometimento outrora firmado pelos Estados Partes. Dessa forma, o trabalho torna-se importante à medida que se compreende que o fortalecimento da integração regional não se sustenta tão-somente nas transações econômicas entre Estados. Muito além disso, a partir da permeabilidade fronteiriça criada com o Mercosul, a integração amplia seu alcance com a movimentação humana e as conseqüências produzidas por ela. Nesse cenário, o presente trabalho pretendeu investigar se os recentes Acordos sobre Residência para Nacionais dos Estados Partes do Mercosul disciplinam o direito humano ao trabalho dos imigrantes mercosulinos. Para tanto, em um primeiro momento abordou-se a necessidade da interação entre integração social e econômica, a partir da proteção dos direitos humanos dos trabalhadores imigrantes mercosulinos. Em seguida, foi analisada a eficácia dos Acordos sobre Residência e as repercussões para a integração social, tanto em relação às perspectivas de avanço como em relação à estagnação da mesma. E, por derradeiro, fez-se uma investigação acerca das jurisdições trabalhistas do Mercosul anteriores aos Acordos em questão, no que concerne às forças jurídicas vinculantes bem como aos impactos sobre os trabalhadores imigrantes mercosulinos. Destarte, a partir das análises suscitadas, sugere-se maior empenho dos Estados Partes para com as normas sociais trabalhistas subscritas que, teoricamente, mostram-se satisfatórias, mas que falecem de real eficácia na esfera Mercosul.
Rocchi, Denise de. "O papel da identidade no processo de integração regional : o estudo de caso do parlamento juvenil do Mercosul." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/62020.
Full textA partir dos anos 2000, o Mercosul dedicou maior atenção a aspectos sociais da integração regional, através de projetos como o Parlamento Juvenil do Mercosul, que tem entre seus objetivos fomentar a identidade comum. A análise bibliográfica e documental comprova o forte vínculo no pensamento latino-americano entre a questão identitária e a integração regional. A análise dos discursos dos parlamentares juvenis do Mercosul indica que estes conceitos foram absorvidos pelos adolescentes participantes da primeira edição do Parlamento e que o contato entre a juventude dos Estados Partes provocou mudanças na visão a respeito dos países vizinhos e do próprio Mercosul.
Maraschin, Rosângela Viegas. "As exportações brasileiras para o Mercosul, por intensidade tecnológica, nos anos 2000." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2015. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/4639.
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O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o perfil da pauta exportadora do Brasil para o Mercosul, por intensidade tecnológica, no período 2000-2014. A metodologia empregada foi a revisão bibliográfica e a base de dados utilizada foi o AliceWeb (MDIC). A identificação das categorias de intensidade tecnológica seguiu a classificação de Pavitt (1984). Os resultados revelaram um perfil semelhante entre as pautas de exportação do Brasil para o mundo e para o Mercosul no que se refere à expansão do comércio de produtos primários, evidenciando o processo de reprimarização. No entanto, ressalta-se a dominância dos produtos intensivos em economia de escala no comércio entre o Brasil e o bloco sul-americano.
The purpose this paper to analyze Brazil export profile to Mercosur, by technological intensity, within the period of 2000 to 2014. The methodology employed was the literature review and the data base applied was the AliceWeb (MDIC). The technological intensity categories identification followed the Pavitt’s classification (1984). The results showed an equivalent profile between Brazil’s export line to the world and to the Mercosur in relation to primary products commerce expansion, highlighting the reprimarization process. At the same time, it emphasizes the dominance of intensive products in scale economy between Brazil and the South American Bloc.
Gründling, Roberta Dalla Porta. "O setor de carne bovina no Mercosul e os efeitos de acordos comerciais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/8944.
Full textThis study aims to analyze perspectives for production, exports, imports, prices, consumer surplus and producer’s surplus for bovine meat in MERCOSUR considering some scenarios of trade agreements, such as tariff reduction in multilateral level as well as trade agreements between MERCOSUR and other regions. It is used a spatial model using a Mixed Complementarity Problem (MCP), and to formulate it is necessary to estimate demand and supply functions for eleven regions that are determined in this work and spatially separated by transportation costs. Besides this cost, there are trade barriers that are represented in this study like tariffs. Using MCP it is maximized the welfare in eleven regions and it is obtained production, consumption, prices, trade flows, and the producer’s and consumer’s welfare level can be calculated, as well as the aggregate welfare level for each one of the eleven regions. Therefore, it is obtained the world bovine meat Actual Scenario, considering that this scenario is the basis for simulations of multilateral tariffs reduction and trade agreements between MERCOSUR and other regions to know what happens concerning the variables mentioned. With the results of Actual Scenario it is simulated four scenarios considering multilateral tariffs reduction and two scenarios of bilateral trade agreements. In the Actual Scenario MER and OCE regions are exporters and the others produce for their own consumption. Among these last ones, some are importers (NAF, ASE, CHI, JAP and CEI). When it is analyzed the MER producer’s welfare level, the free trade situation brings more gains for this category. The second best option for the MER producers is the scenarios with tariffs until 15%. Other options are: scenario with half tariffs, scenario with tariffs until 30%, bilateral trade agreement MER-JAP, and the situation with less aggregate gains for MER is the bilateral trade agreement MER-CHI. The aggregate welfare level in region MER goes at the same direction that MER producer’s welfare level. However, the MER consumer’s welfare level goes to the opposite direction, considering that the major losses for this group are in free trade scenario. If any level of free trade is implemented, the suggestion is compensatory public policy for the agents that are prejudiced.
Luzia, Vitor Rinaldi de. "Os municípios brasileiros no processo de integração do Mercosul." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/107/107131/tde-01092017-101328/.
Full textThis dissertation deals with Brazilian cities acting possibilities in MERCOSUR integration process. It analyses cities autonomy in Brazilian federalism and how it contributes to South America integration. The recent Brazilian democracy provided new competences to local governments and decentralized governance. Local governments\' organizations had an important role in the creation of national and regional bodies that are responsible for cities insertion in these spheres of decision-making. Furthermore, there was an increase in international relations involving cities, aimed to cooperation and exchange of experiences. Thus, Brazilian local governments\' participation in the regional integration process occurs through its international action or advisory bodies. The inclusion of these federal entities in the trading bloc contributes to increase democracy and legitimacy in regional integration. Cooperation between spheres of government and the regional bloc corresponds to interests of different localities. Therefore, MERCOSUR can also embrace the typical diversity of the region\'s population democratically.
Rodrigues, Larissa Araujo. "Análise Institucional e Regulatória da Integração de Energia Elétrica Entre o Brasil e os Demais Membros do MERCOSUL." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/86/86131/tde-19042012-132609/.
Full textThis research analyzes the institutional and regulatory framework of electricity exchanges between Brazil and other Mercosur members, i.e. Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay, by interconnections not associated with binational power plants. Initially, it presents the current state of electric systems integration followed by the institutional structure that oversees and operates the electricity exchanges among these countries. Considering that in many studies the regulatory framework is indicated to be an issue to be improved to consolidate the energy integration in the region, this study focuses on a detailed analysis of it. The Brazilian regulatory framework is analyzed as well as its complex and varied system of norms and legal instruments. This research also assesses international agreements signed between Brazil and other Mercosur members and its consequences in electricity exchanges. It was concluded that there is a lack of planning in order to enable electricity exchanges to occur in the region on a regular basis. This can be seen in the regulatory framework, whose analysis showed that the rules and procedures are defined according to the conjuncture needs and without indications about the exchanges occurring in the medium or long term. The normative instruments are operationalizing interruptible and emergency exchanges of electricity surpluses and not a solid energy integration project, which could enable participating countries to exploit their complementary resources.
Morais, Adriano Giacomini. "Criação e desvio de comércio no Mercosul e no Nafta." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12138/tde-03012006-113732/.
Full textThe commercial integration between countries has been taking place through multilateral negotiations and regional agreements. Economic theories of international trade say that the first one improves welfare. However, there is no consensus about the second one. The aim of this dissertation is just to evaluate the effects of two agreements, Mercosur and Nafta, on two concepts of welfare, trade creation and trade diversion. This is done through the estimation of gravity equations by panel data methods, with dummy variables to detect intra-bloc and extra-bloc relations, according to the methodology of Endoh (1999). The results suggested that trade creation has not occurred in both agreements. Nafta was followed by trade diversion and Mercosur presented difficulties in measuring this component.
Mesquita, Romeu Bonk. "Política migratória argentina: condicionantes domésticos e externos no governo de Mauricio Macri (2015-2018)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/101/101131/tde-06022019-114046/.
Full textArgentina is South America\'s main immigrant receiving country, with a foreign population estimated by the UN at more than 2 million in 2017. After the approval of a new immigrant law in 2004, Argentina has promoted policies aimed to protect immigrants\' rights and promote their regulation. These ideals were exported to Mercosur, and the country\'s immigrant policy became attached to the block. However, since Mauricio Macri assumed the presidency in late 2015, Argentine immigrant policy has been reoriented towards a security perspective. This move can be explained not only by ideological differences between administrations, but also by observing how both domestic and international contexts pose constraints. Thus, this article has two goals: describing and analyzing immigrant policy under Mauricio Macri; explaining domestic and international factors that create incentives to a more security-oriented immigrant policy. These include, on the one hand, demands from the migration authority and the place of the ruling coalition within the party system; and on the other hand, Macri\'s on foreign policy and the regional trend for searching a more flexible model of integration.
Rossi, Charles Borges 1980. "O padrão de inserção internacional da indústria automobiliística do Mercosul na década de 2000." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286045.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
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Resumo: Nas últimas décadas as transformações na economia mundial apontam para a crescente importância de três fenômenos. Em primeiro lugar, o aumento do dinamismo das economias emergentes em contraposição à estagnação dos mercados desenvolvidos. Em segundo, o aprofundamento do processo de integração de mercados, sob o ponto de vista comercial e produtivo, acirrando a concorrência entre as corporações que atuam em mercados diversos. Por fim, em parte como resposta ao fenômeno anterior, as estratégias corporativas focam cada vez mais no atendimento das demandas locais e regionais, enfraquecendo a utilização dos princípios da produção em massa próprias do fordismo e das teorias associadas ao taylorismo. Nesse contexto, esse trabalho toma como objeto a indústria automobilística instalada no MERCOSUL para analisar a evolução recente da sua inserção internacional, apontando para as estratégias adotadas pelos principais players e para os resultados obtidos em termos de produção, vendas e investimentos durante a década de 2000. Destaca-se a caracterização do ambiente competitivo internacional e o papel das políticas públicas para descrever como a indústria regional se inseriu nesse ambiente
Abstract: Over the last decades, changes in the World Economy point to the growing importance of three phenomena. First, the increasing dynamism of emerging economies as opposed to stagnation in developed markets. Second, the deepening integration of markets, from the commercial and productive point of view, making competition grow between corporations that operate in different countries. Finally, partly as a response to the previous phenomenon, corporate strategies increasingly focus on meeting local and regional demands. In this context, this essay focus on the automotive industry in MERCOSUR in order to analyze recent developments in its international insertion, pointing to the strategies adopted by major players and the results obtained in terms of production, sales and investments during the 2000s. The competitive environment and the role of public policy are stressed to explain how the regional industry has evolved internationally in terms of its competitive insertion
Mestrado
Ciências Economicas
Mestre em Ciências Econômicas
Bezerra, Vinicius Araújo. "O uso do termo Mercosul no discurso diplomático do 1º Governo Dilma Rousseff (2011-2014) como meio para a inserção internacional do Brasil." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/jspui/handle/tede/2989.
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Mercosur, in the course of its history, went through moments of elation and concern. During the euphoria, the regional block could provide to the members with na increase in trade flow and insert their economic more competitively in the contexto of globalization. During concern, the partners used to protectionism to address the crisis and generated suspicions in relation to Block due, in particular, the relationship between Brazil and Argentina. From the late 1990s, both decided to revitalize Mercosur in order to enlarge it economic scope for political, cultural and social. Mercosur must therefore be understood as a process in constant improvement. Brazilian diplomacy in this context established a strategic relationship with Argentina to realize that if there is no agreement between them, the Brazilian project for regional integration would not advance. Brazil encouraged the creation of the South American space with Mercosur as the core of this policy. To this end, it sought to build a regional identity as a way of encouraging political consultation between the states, cooperation and development, but without neglecting the guiding principles of Brazilian foreign policy: autonomy and universalism. From the idea of concentric circles, Brazil signed with Argentina, Mercosur placed in the core with links to other regional bodies with the pragmatic goal of international integration. By analyzing the speeches by the president, Dilma Rousseff, in his first term, the intention that Mercosur remains an instrument for Brazil to achieve part of its international demands. Thus, from the paradigm of the PEB, the conceptions of the constructivist theory of International Relations and discourse analysis methodology the dissertation proposes, at the end, to understand to what extent the Brazilian intention in Mercosur serves to achieve its international goals.
O Mercosul, no decorrer de sua história, passou por momentos de euforia e de preocupação. Durante a euforia, o Bloco regional conseguiu proporcionar aos membros um aumento no fluxo comercial e inserir suas economias de forma mais competitiva no contexto da globalização. Durante a preocupação, os sócios se utilizaram do protecionismo para enfrentar a crise e geraram desconfianças em relação ao Bloco, devido, especialmente, a relação entre o Brasil e a Argentina. A partir do final dos anos 1990, ambos resolveram revitalizar o Mercosul com o intuito de ampliá-lo, ou seja, passar do escopo econômico para também, político, cultural e social. O Mercosul, portanto, deve ser entendido como um processo em constante aperfeiçoamento. A diplomacia brasileira, nesse contexto, estabeleceu uma relação estratégica com a Argentina ao perceber que, se não há concertação entre ambos, o projeto brasileiro para a integração regional não avança. O Brasil incentivou a constituição do espaço sulamericano tendo o Mercosul como núcleo dessa política. Para tanto, buscou a construção de uma identidade regional como forma de estimular a concertação política entre os Estados, a cooperação e o desenvolvimento, mas sem deixar de lado os princípios orientadores da política externa brasileira: a autonomia e o universalismo. A partir da ideia de círculos concêntricos, o Brasil se firmou com a Argentina, colocou o Mercosul no núcleo e se articulou com outras instâncias regionais com o objetivo pragmático de inserção internacional. Ao analisar os discursos proferidos pela presidente da República, Dilma Rousseff, em seu primeiro mandato, é perceptível a intenção de que o Mercosul permaneça um instrumento para o Brasil alcançar parte de suas demandas internacionais. Com isso, a partir dos paradigmas da PEB, das concepções da teoria construtivista das Relações Internacionais e da metodologia da análise do discurso, a dissertação propõe, ao final, entender até que ponto a intenção brasileira no Mercosul serve para a consecução de seus objetivos internacionais.
Loza, Vázquez Martha Guadalupe [UNESP]. "A dimensão social dos processos de integração regional na América Latina: atores e agentes da sociedade emergente no MERCOSUL e NAFTA. Os casos do Brasil e do México 1991-2006." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106296.
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A tese estuda o processo de integração econômica regional na América Latina como uma instituição social formada pelas práticas de seus atores. O estudo parte do enfoque sociológico porque o relacionamento entre os atores acontece em um marco social qualificado de Sociedade Emergente, que é produto das transformações mundiais. O resultado da interação é a subordinação das economias latino-americanas sob parâmetros do neoliberalismo global (globalismo). As condições geopolíticas e geoeconômicas continentais formadas no percurso histórico determinam as características dos Sistemas de Integração Regionais, que junto aos Estados são os atores-agentes executivos do processo. Há dois Sistemas que são chaves para perceber a forma como os países latino-americanos desenvolvem as praticas integracionistas: o Mercado Comum do Sul, MERCOSUR e o North American Free Trade Accord, NAFTA. Ambos têm em comum desenvolver os critérios dos agentes impulsores do globalismo, os organismos financeiros mundiais e as empresas transnacionais, mas também mantêm características específicas que são determinadas pelos Estados que os conformam. Analisaremos o desenvolvimento específico do Brasil, no que diz respeito ao MERCOSUL; e do México, por ser um país latino-americano integrante do NAFTA. O perfil da integração regional subordinada se complementa com as ações de atores-agentes que nos marcos nacionais organizam grupos diferenciados, seja para apoiar, resistir ou se adaptar à integração. Nesse sentido, a interconexão de todos os atores constitui o conteúdo social da integração.
La tesis estudia el proceso de integración económica regional en América Latina como una institución social, formada por las prácticas políticas de sus actores. El estudio parte del enfoque sociológico porque la relación entre ellos sucede en un marco social calificado como Sociedad Emergente, producto de las transformaciones mundiales. El resultado de la interacción es la subordinación de las economías latinoamericanas a los parámetros del neoliberalismo global (globalismo). Las condiciones geopolíticas y geoeconómicas continentales formadas a lo largo de la historia determinan las características de los Sistemas de Integración Regionales, que con los Estados son los atores-agentes ejecutivos del proceso; dos de ellos son claves para percibir la forma como los países latinoamericanos desarrollan las practicas integracionistas: el Mercado Común del Sur, MERCOSUR y el North American Free Trade Accord, NAFTA. Ambos tienen en común desenvolver los criterios de los agentes impulsores del globalismo, los organismos financieros mundiales y las empresas trasnacionales, pero también mantienen características especificas determinadas por los Estados que los constituyen; se analiza concretamente las practicas de Brasil, por parte del MERCOSUL, y de México, país latinoamericano del NAFTA. El perfil de la integración regional subordinada se complementa con las acciones de actores-agentes que en los marcos nacionales organizan grupos diferenciados, sea para apoyar, resistir o adaptarse a la integración. La interconexión de todos los actores constituye el contenido social de la integración.
Neves, Leonardo Holzmann. "O Uruguai e o mercosul : governo e atores dométicos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/14389.
Full textSince the signing of the Treaty of Asuncion, in 1991, Uruguay, in conjunction with Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay became a permanent member of Mercosur (Southern Cone Common Market). For some years, there was a significant increase in the intrabloc trade flows. In 1999, there was a setback and the bloc lost part of its importance for the country. In the year 2006, some Government sectors stood for the establishment of a Free Trade Treaty with the United States of America. Along all these years, the traditional political parties, that is, Partido Nacional (National Party) and Partido Colorado (Colorado Party), as well as Frente Ampla (Broad Front) have made a stand on the integration issue. So did the Chamber of Industries of Uruguay and the Inter-Union Plenary of Workers of Uruguay. This study aimed to identify the political position of the Government of Uruguay as well as the above mentioned actors’ toward MERCOSUR in three moments: during the period in which the Treaty of Asuncion was signed, after the economic crisis that started in 1999 and during the year 2006. Results show that despite the criticism and Uruguayan instatisfaction, both the Government and those domestic actors stood for the permanence of Uruguay in MERCOSUR throughout the analysed period.
Flores, Cristiano Vilhalba. "Do controle de convencionalidade à harmonização jurídica : a legitimidade do particular em postular opiniões consultivas ao tribunal permanente de revisão do Mercosul." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/164489.
Full textThis paper seeks to demonstrate the innovation brought about by the regulations of the Mercosur States Parties, especially by the Brazilian, which gave the individual the subjective right to apply for Consultative Opinions directly to the Permanent Review Tribunal. In order to do so, the condition of being a subject of international law acquired by the individual is highlighted, through norms derived from integrations between sovereign states. Likewise, the importance of a legitimate and clearly defined court, for example the European Union and the Organization of American States, where the Court of Justice and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights are recognized as directly responsible for the success of these blocs. Among its competences, the leading role played by advisory opinions, represented by the reference for a preliminary ruling and by the advisory opinions respectively, were not only responsible for the harmonization of domestic legislation with the integration rule but also for creating a genuine Jurisdictional cooperation between national courts and national courts. Institutes that resemble the consultative opinions of Mercosur, whose legitimacy in postulating them directly to the Permanent Review Tribunal is given to the individual in an innovative way in integration processes.
Sánchez, Pablo Reja. "Negociaciones Unión Europea-Mercosur: la política agrícola común de la Unión Europea como limitadora del proceso de negociación birregional." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2014. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/2601.
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CAPES
This dissertation research intends to study the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union. This dissertation aims to study its history, funding, structure and political importance, and in this way, once such processes are defined, to analyze the historic free trade negotiations between the EU and MERCOSUR. The study of these negotiations allows for the observation of the conflicting positions and their current status, weighing the arguments put forward by both blocs, showing, from the Latin American side, a bitter criticism of the agricultural protectionism of the old continent, and from the European side, criticism of the industrial protectionism and impeded access to public contracts of MERCOSUR countries. In order to do this, the economic sectors will be studied by blocks, comparing productive sectors and exports within the European Union and MERCOSUR, in an attempt to decipher the comparative importance of the agricultural sector and its economic weight both in the EU and MERCOSUR. Thus, at the end of the project, the items placed on the table shall be examined, to specify how and why, the PAC acts as a limiting agent in not reaching an effective free trade agreement between the European Union and its partner in the Southern Cone.
Esta dissertação, objetiva efetuar uma investigação analítica sobre a Política Agrícola Comum (PAC) da União Europeia. Destina-se a estudar a sua história, financiamento, estrutura e importância política, desta forma, uma vez que tais processos definidos, analisam o histórico das negociações de livre comércio entre a União Europeia e o Mercosul. No estudo destas negociações, pode-se observar as posições conflitantes e seu status atual, colocando pesar os argumentos de ambos os blocos brandiam, mostrando, do lado latino-americano, uma crítica amarga do protecionismo agrícola do velho continente, e do lado Europeu, analisa o protecionismo industrial e impedimento ao acesso aos contratos públicos dos países do Mercosul. Para fazer isso, os setores econômicos serão estudados por blocos, comparando os setores produtivos e exportações dentro da União Europeia e do Mercosul, projetando decifrar o setor agrícola comparando a importância e peso econômico, tanto da UE quanto do Mercosul. Assim, no final do projeto, irá examinar os itens colocados sobre a mesa, para concretizar como e por que o PAC atua como um agente limitante na impossibilidade de chegar a um acordo eficaz de comércio livre entre a União Europeia e os seus parceiros no Cone Sul.
Böer, Márcia Cambraia Belderrain. "Mercosul e turismo :." Florianópolis, SC, 1998. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/77805.
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Kerber, Gilberto. "Mercosul e supranacionalidade." Florianópolis, SC, 2000. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/78226.
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O presente trabalho se trata de investigar a possibilidade de adotação do princípio da supranacionalidade junto ao Mercado Comum do Sul (MERCOSUL), entendido como necessário à efetiva consolidação de seu mercado interno, última fase desse processo de integração, em face das conseqüências advindas da globalização econômica e do mercado comum mundial, que surgem de forma crescente e rápida nos Continentes do planeta
Alves, Carlos Marne Dias. "Previdência no Mercosul." reponame:Repositório Institucional do UniCEUB, 2006. http://repositorio.uniceub.br/handle/123456789/3550.
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O Estado entrou no século XX com uma nova atribuição social: garantir renda ao trabalhador quando de sua passagem para a inatividade. O homem moderno não enxerga fronteiras na busca por postos de trabalho e a Previdência Social deve ter capacidade de acompanhá-lo durante toda sua vida laboral. A globalização e a formação de blocos regionais fizeram aflorar, entre os países, a necessidade de harmonização de seus sistemas previdenciários. A celebração do Acordo Multilateral de Seguridade Social no âmbito do Mercosul vem ao encontro das atuais aspirações dos trabalhadores locais, garantindo o pagamento dos benefícios de aposentadoria, auxílio-doença e pensão por morte. Respeitando o diferente grau de integração e as peculiaridades do bloco, o Mercosul segue os mesmos passos do modelo adotado pela União Europeia, cabe aos governantes dar efetividade às normas previstas. Um processo de integração regional só se justifica se houver um ganho de bem-estar social para a população envolvida e estará incompleto se não houver harmonia entre os diferentes sistemas previdenciários.
Khanyile, Moses Bongani. "South Africa's security relations with the Mercosur countries." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03242004-150754.
Full textRios, Marcelo Jabour. "A necessidade de reforma do sistema tributário brasileiro como eliminação de entraves à integração no âmbito do MERCOSUL: análise a partir de experiências europeias." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2135/tde-08122015-085636/.
Full textThe international treaties signed after the second half of the 20th century , especially those meant to supersede the traditional free trade agreements or customs union, still challenge contemporary law. Given that they are more ambitious, they override the classic mode of cooperation between sovereign countries and survive on a more carefully elaborated institutional structure, capable of making the wills expressed in the treaties emerge and establish the freedoms that will be guaranteed in this new environment, once the maxim a people, a government a territory does not define it. The well succeeded world experience that led to the creation of a common market, construed as a space with no boundaries, within which people, services, goods and capital circulate freely, was experienced by the European Union. The clarity with which the aims were set forth, the power to overcome stagnation spells, the solvency of the institutions and, above all, the recognition of the supremacy of the communitarian law were decisive in the consolidation of the European success. Triumph, among so many other pillars, played a role in the process of harmonization of the tax law of the member countries, especially the law that contemplates the consumption of goods and services, which is the reason why it is known for its communitarian doctrine and jurisprudence, as one of the compelling forces of the European Union. After a succession of frustrated attempts to bring together the Latin American counties, the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR) was conceived to attain the status of a common Market and recognise, among its members, the four fundamental freedoms of an integrated Market. As the harmonization of the fiscal laws is a stage of prime importance in the construction of this boundless economic space, the thesis analyses the types of taxes that affect the consumption of goods and services in the MERCOSUR member-countries and evaluates the possibility for is advancement towards the regional integration set on train with the signature of the Asunción Treaty. In this sense, it highlights which aspects of the Brazilian tax system pose a serious barrier to integration within the context of MERCOSUR.
Strenger, Rafael Dahne. "Laudos arbitrais do Mercosul e seus princípios norteadores." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2135/tde-29102009-094540/.
Full textGlobalization has called for greater integration between the States. The past century witnessed a change in the behavior and policies of States, which were unable to remain isolated. In light of this scenario, and based on International Law, several countries gathered in blocs to build intertwined economic relations as a means of fostering trades between them. In this context, Mercosur has been organized as a trade bloc to strengthen trade relations between its member countries. The legal sources of Mercosur may be divided into basic law, derivative law, and supplemental sources of law. This latter element comprises the principles of Integration Law that serve as grounds for decisions rendered within the ambit of the Mercosur Dispute Resolution Body. Resorting to such principles is deeply encouraged because, in creating a trade bloc, it is necessary to establish the economic, legal and political elements for its development, which will in turn translate into the fundamental aspects for the community system, such aspects being eventually adopted by court rulings as a guidepost. Teleological interpretation has been adopted in the rulings handed down by the Tribunals of the Mercosur Dispute Resolution Body to give proper meaning to the Mercosur set of normative rules, and the guiding principles of integration are being applied to that end, always aimed at attaining the purposes and objectives of the Mercosur Treaties for construction purposes. Consequently, the objective is to give efficacy to said rules, which will ultimately enable the trade bloc to evolve and deepen its integration purposes.
Ferreira, Luiza Lourdes Pinheiro Leal Nunes. "A tributação ambiental sobre os veículos automotores na União Europeia: um modelo para o Mercosul." Universidade Católica de Brasília, 2015. https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/2490.
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Environmental degradation caused by the lack of preservationists environmental policies coupled with the relentless pursuit of economic growth remains outdated, giving way to the need for preservation of the environment and the pursuit of sustainable development. In this context, the environmental tax is included as an economic instrument available to the State to achieve environmental preservation. Environmental tax on motor vehicles left behind the basis for calculating the tax on the market value of the vehicle, innovating in taxation of these vehicles, using as a basis for calculating the amount of pollutant emissions that release into the atmosphere. An old remodeled with tax calculation basis, in order to protect the environment, fundamental human right recognized internationally. The use of environmental taxes to induce desirable behavior and environmentally friendly, is part of environmental public policies put into practice, especially in the European Union. This study addresses in particular the environmental tax on motor vehicles in environmental policies in the European Union and Mercosur.
A degradação ambiental ocasionada pela falta de políticas ambientais preservacionistas aliadas à incessante busca pelo crescimento econômico restou ultrapassada, dando lugar à necessidade da preservação do meio ambiente e a busca pelo desenvolvimento sustentável. Neste contexto, a tributação ambiental está inserida como um instrumento econômico à disposição do Estado para alcançar à preservação ambiental. A tributação ambiental sobre os veículos automotores deixou para trás a base de cálculo do imposto incidente sobre o valor venal do veículo, inovando na taxação desses veículos, utilizando como base de cálculo, a quantidade de emissões de poluentes que lançam na atmosfera. Um velho imposto com base de cálculo repaginada, com a finalidade de tutelar o meio ambiente, direito fundamental da humanidade reconhecido internacionalmente. A utilização da tributação ambiental como indutora de comportamentos desejáveis e ambientalmente corretos, faz parte de políticas públicas ambientais colocadas em prática, principalmente na União Europeia. Este estudo aborda, em particular, a tributação ambiental sobre os veículos automotores em políticas ambientais na União Europeia e no Mercosul.
Brito, Cezar de Lima. "BRASIL E ARGENTINA: ENCONTROS E DESENCONTROS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DO MERCOSUL." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2017. http://tede2.pucgoias.edu.br:8080/handle/tede/3666.
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In this research, we sought to understand how the relationship between Brazil and Argentina is historically shaped, and how this relationship influences regional integration in South America in the 20th and 21st centuries. The hypothesis is that the historical meetings and disagreements between these two international actors, since the colonial period, have a direct influence on the way in which regional integration is established within MERCOSUR and, later, UNASUR. The observations made during the production of this dissertation make it possible to affirm that there is a certain rivalry between the two countries, which has been nourished since the colonial period in the context of relations between Portugal and Spain. Nowadays, such rivalry centers around the pursuit of regional leadership by the two countries. The strategies and actions adopted by both countries reflect this rivalry and, therefore, we sought to trace a historical picture of the relations between these countries and those belonging to the International System, such as the United States, Paraguay, Bolivia, Uruguay , Peru, Colombia, and Venezuela. For this purpose, a bibliographic review was carried out, as well as investigations of the United Nations Organizations. The research was guided by the constructivist perception (ONUF and WENDT) that reality is socially constructed, and for that reason, it is important to understand the historical construction of the sense of rivalry between Brazil and Argentina, and what sense this rivalry has acquired within the scope of Regional integration.
Nesta pesquisa, buscou-se compreender como se configura historicamente a relação entre Brasil e Argentina, e como essa relação influencia a integração regional na América do Sul nos séculos XX e XXI. A hipótese é a de que os encontros e desencontros históricos entre esses dois atores internacionais, desde o período colonial, influenciam diretamente na forma como se estabelece a integração regional no âmbito do MERCOSUL, e, posteriormente, da UNASUL. As observações realizadas durante a produção desta dissertação possibilitam afirmar que existe certa rivalidade entre os dois países, nutrida, desde o período colonial, no âmbito das relações entre Portugal e Espanha. Nos dias atuais, tal rivalidade gira em torno da busca pela liderança regional por parte dos dois países. As estratégias e ações adotadas por ambos os países refletem essa rivalidade, e, por isso, buscou-se aqui traçar um panorama histórico das relações desses países com outros pertencentes ao Sistema Internacional, como os Estados Unidos, o Paraguai, a Bolívia, o Uruguai, o Peru, a Colômbia, e a Venezuela. Com esse propósito, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica, além de investigações das Organizações das Nações Unidas. A pesquisa foi norteada pela percepção construtivista (ONUF e WENDT) de que a realidade é construída socialmente, e por isso, se faz importante compreender a construção histórica do sentido da rivalidade entre Brasil e Argentina, e qual sentido essa rivalidade têm adquirido no âmbito da lógica da integração regional.