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Academic literature on the topic 'Mercury as well as arsenic'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 25 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Mercury as well as arsenic"

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Tajudeen O. Adeeko, Tajudeen O. Adeeko, Abel B. Olorunsola Abel B. Olorunsola, Mabel P. Ikechukwu Mabel P. Ikechukwu, and Matthew O, Ayemowa Matthew O, Ayemowa. "Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination and Related Risks in well water Sources from Angwa Ashanu Gwagwalada." International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management 06, no. 12 (2024): 313–17. https://doi.org/10.35629/5252-0612313317.

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Consumption of water with heavy metals can accumulate in the body and heighten the likelihood of cancer and other health risk diseases. This study assessed four specific heavy metals, namely lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic, in well water samples collected from AngwaAshanuGwagwalada. The analysis was carried out using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UVS) adhering to standardized protocols. The results show that the heavy metals present in AngwaAshanuGwagwaladawell water is as followed: for lead (0.002 mg/L), cadmium (0.020 mg/L), and mercury (0.000 mg/L), and the results were compares with the WHO standards, it was observed that lead and arsenic were above the maximum permissible limit which signifies a potential health risk if used without appropriate treatment. The high level of arsenic 0.059 mg/L may likely be linked to human activities in the area. However, according to regulatory standards, the well water examination revealed that the quantities of mercury, and cadmium were all within permissible ranges

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Siti Aqlima, Ahmad. "The Development Of An Inhibitive Assay For Heavy Metals Using The Acetylcholinesterase From Periophtalmodon schlosseri." Journal of Environmental Bioremediation and Toxicology 1, no. 1 (2014): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54987/jebat.v1i1.29.

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Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) assay is among the most rapid, simplest and economic assay in existence. AChE is known to be inhibited strongly by heavy metals aside from insecticides. Its use as an inhibitive assay for heavy metals is less well known. We report on the AChE from Periophtalmodon schlosseri as a sensitive assay for heavy metal ions. Heavy metals exhibited exponential decay type inhibition curves with calculated IC50 for copper, mercury, chromium and arsenic at 0.088, 0.371, 0.112 and 0.141 mg l-1, respectively. The LOD for copper, mercury, chromium and arsenic were 0.093, 0.126, 0.099 and 0.127 mg l-1, respectively. The LOQ for copper, mercury, chromium and arsenic were 0.001, 0.209, 0.103 and 0.219 mg l-1, respectively. The IC50sfor these heavy metals are lower than the values for immobilised urease, Daphnia magna, MicrotoxTM,rainbow trout, papain and bromelain assays.

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Sikandar, Minahil, Ayesha Mohsin, and Alina Malik. "Ecological Risk Assessment of Inorganic Arsenic and Mercuric Fungicides Through Biological Tools." Indonesian Journal of Innovation and Applied Sciences (IJIAS) 3, no. 2 (2023): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47540/ijias.v3i2.742.

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This review discusses the use, mode of action, biomarkers, and bioindicators of inorganic arsenic and mercuric fungicides, as well as their effects on the environment and human health. The most prevalent indicator of exposure to arsenic is the measurement of total arsenic in urine. Biomarkers of exposure for arsenic and inorganic fungicides incudes the analysis of hair, urine, blooda and nails. Bio indicators are species or group of species that are used to indicate adverse effect of contamination. Freshwater fish species act as a very good bio indicator for inorganic arsenic. Tree bark, rice fields and sea birds could be a valuable indicator of inorganic arsenic contamination. Black Piranha, fish and earthworms are an ideal bio indicator of inorganic mercury. Inorganic arsenic compounds are known to be highly carcinogenic and toxic compounds. Mercuric fungicide is very toxic when inhaled by humans or animals it causes severe health issues and when absorbed by plants it retards their growth. To estimate the daily dose of arsenic exposure to humans through absorption, ingestion and other pathways, Average daily dose is implemented by using two equations from the US EPA. To determine the ecological risk assessment a simplified equation was proposed by FDA i.e. HQ = E/RfD. Overall, the review emphasizes the need for heightened awareness, regulation, and alternative approaches to fungicide use, with a focus on minimizing the use of inorganic arsenic and mercuric fungicides to safeguard the environment and promote sustainable agricultural practices.

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NOMIYAMA, KAZUO, and HIROKO NOMIYAMA. "TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE." International Journal of PIXE 02, no. 03 (1992): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012908359200018x.

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1) ZINC: In 1963, Prasad found that dwarfism in Egypt was caused by zinc deficiency. Since then, many clinical pictures involving zinc deficiency have been reported on, such as alopecia (baldness), intestinal acrodermatitis (dermatitis of the extremities), alcohol-induced anencephalic children, and depressed immune response. 2) COPPER: Wilson’s disease is characterized by hepato-cerebral degeneration, which is caused by the deposition of copper in the liver and the cerebrum. Chelete therapy has been applied to remove the copper from the organs in order to treat Wilson’s disease. However, during the last several years zinc or manganese has also been applied to remove copper. The therapy mechanism is based on the interaction of copper to zinc and manganese. Zinc and copper deficiency is also an important topic in medical elementology. 3) MERCURY: Sir Isaac Newton was well known to be distrustful of others in his last years. The clinical picture was characterized by severe neuropathy, which was caused by heavy exposure to mercury during his long scholarly life. Children sometimes break thermometer in their mouth. Does metallic mercury in the thermometer induce mercury intoxication ? The answer is no. Intestinal absorption of metallic mercury is quite low, and thus ingested mercury rarely induces intoxication. The mercury is simply excreted through the feces within a day or two. One should attempt to wash the mercury out from the stomach with water. However, do not treat the child with laxatives, as they can increase the intestinal absorption of mercury, resulting in intoxication. 4) METHYLMERCURY: Severe neuropathy was endemic among fishermen and their families in a particular area of Kyushu Island, Japan. They were found to have eaten a great amount of fish, which were contaminated with organic mercury emitted from a fertilizer producing plant. The disease was later named as Minamata disease. The total number of recognized patients has amounted to 3,000 people, to date. 5) CADMIUM: Cadmium deficiency was recently found to depress the development of baby animals by Anke. This finding suggests that cadmium is not only a harmful element but also an essential element. Itai-Itai disease is characterized as osteomalacia, which is followed by severe renal tubular damage. Patients were comprised largely of elderly women who lived in the Jintsu river basin over a long period, and ingested excess cadmium emitted from a mine, which contaminated the local rice and drinking water. Long-term monkey experiments could not demonstrate osteomalacia by cadmium, however, epidemiological and experimental studies showed that an age-related increase in blood pressure is accelerated by cadmium at low doses, but depressed by cadmium at high doses. 6) LEAD: Lead is a very useful element, but a very harmful element as well. Lead has a potent hematopoietic effect on adults, and also negative psycho-neurological effects on babies. Soil pollution from lead has been discussed in relation to depressed intelligence among children living in U. S. slums. Sometimes residents in rural areas are shot with lead slugs by mistake. Do does lead slugs cause lead intoxication? Usually not. Medication is necessary only when lead slugs injure blood vessels or neurons. Most lead slugs do not induce lead intoxication because the lead slugs are soon covered with granular tissues. 7) CHROMIUM: Chromium is one of the essential trace elements, and is related to glucose tolerance and transmission velocity of peripheral nerves. Adverse effects of excessive chromium are chromium ulcers, perforation of the nasal septum, and lung cancer. 8) ARSENIC: Neutron activation analysis revealed excess amounts of arsenic in the hair of Napoleon. It was then suspected that he was killed with arsenic. Concerning the cause of his death, it was shown that grapes were disinfected with arsenic in those days, and that Napoleon might have consumed excess arsenic from drinking wine. However, the cause of his death remains unsolved. On the other hand, arsenic was used to promote health in Austria. Huge doses of arsenic, lethal for ordinary people, were administered to Austrian youths to assist them in Alpinc hiking. Japanese, especially residents in seashore areas, eat sizable amounts of sea weeds, which contain a huge amount of arsenic. Do they suffer from arsenic intoxication? The answer is no. The chemical form of arsenic in sea weeds is methyl-arsenic, the detoxicated chemical form, which does not revert to the active chemical form of arsenic.

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Hou, Wei, Yong Wei Yang, Dan Wu, Shu Xian Li, He Wang, and Lan Ji. "Research on the Environmental Geochemistry Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Industrial Fields." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.257.

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Using the single factor index method and comprehensive pollution index method, the heavy metal pollution situations of 60 points (128 field samples) from a coke-gas factory which is located in the north of China were evaluated, as well as the site sources of pollution were analyzed. Mercury, arsenic, lead, zinc, and copper could be detected in the field. Compared with the soil environmental quality standards (2008), it was found that mercury (67 times higher than standard) and arsenic (3.5 times higher than standard) represented the most serious pollution among these five metals, while the pollution situation of copper and zinc were the lightest.

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Suomi, Johanna, Liisa Valsta, and Pirkko Tuominen. "Dietary Heavy Metal Exposure among Finnish Adults in 2007 and in 2012." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 20 (2021): 10581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010581.

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For the non-smoking and non-occupationally exposed population in Europe, food is the main source of heavy metal exposure. The aim of the study was to estimate the dietary exposure of the Finnish adult population to cadmium, lead, inorganic arsenic, inorganic mercury and methyl mercury as well as nickel using governmental as well as industry data on heavy metal occurrence in foodstuffs and the data from two national food consumption surveys conducted in 2007 and 2012. The sources of heavy metal exposure were estimated for the working-age population (25 to 64 years) and for the elderly (65 to 74 years). Exposure differences between years and between population groups were compared statistically. The mean exposure of women aged 25 to 45 years to cadmium and lead was statistically significantly (p < 0.001) higher, and the methyl mercury exposure lower (p = 0.001) than that of women aged 46 to 64 years. For nickel and inorganic arsenic the differences were lower but still statistically significant (p < 0.05). Between genders, significant difference (p < 0.05) was only seen for lead and nickel. Mean cadmium exposure was significantly higher in 2012 than in 2007. For at least 95% of the adult population, the risk of health damage from mercury or nickel exposure is negligible, but the margin of exposure for lead and inorganic arsenic is small and shows a possible risk of cancer or neurotoxic effects.

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Hosiner, Dagmar, Harri Lempiäinen, Wolfgang Reiter, et al. "Arsenic Toxicity to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Is a Consequence of Inhibition of the TORC1 Kinase Combined with a Chronic Stress Response." Molecular Biology of the Cell 20, no. 3 (2009): 1048–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e08-04-0438.

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The conserved Target Of Rapamycin (TOR) growth control signaling pathway is a major regulator of genes required for protein synthesis. The ubiquitous toxic metalloid arsenic, as well as mercury and nickel, are shown here to efficiently inhibit the rapamycin-sensitive TORC1 (TOR complex 1) protein kinase. This rapid inhibition of the TORC1 kinase is demonstrated in vivo by the dephosphorylation and inactivation of its downstream effector, the yeast S6 kinase homolog Sch9. Arsenic, mercury, and nickel cause reduction of transcription of ribosome biogenesis genes, which are under the control of Sfp1, a TORC1-regulated transcriptional activator. We report that arsenic stress deactivates Sfp1 as it becomes dephosphorylated, dissociates from chromatin, and exits the nucleus. Curiously, whereas loss of SFP1 function leads to increased arsenic resistance, absence of TOR1 or SCH9 has the opposite effect suggesting that TORC1 has a role beyond down-regulation of Sfp1. Indeed, we show that arsenic activates the transcription factors Msn2 and Msn4 both of which are targets of TORC1 and protein kinase A (PKA). In contrast to TORC1, PKA activity is not repressed during acute arsenic stress. A normal level of PKA activity might serve to dampen the stress response since hyperactive Msn2 will decrease arsenic tolerance. Thus arsenic toxicity in yeast might be determined by the balance between chronic activation of general stress factors in combination with lowered TORC1 kinase activity.

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Sirisangarunroj, Prasit, Nuntawat Monboonpitak, Weeraya Karnpanit, et al. "Toxic Heavy Metals and Their Risk Assessment of Exposure in Selected Freshwater and Marine Fish in Thailand." Foods 12, no. 21 (2023): 3967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12213967.

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This study identified the levels of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead in 15 species of commonly consumed fish in Thailand (7 freshwater species, 8 marine species), as well as the risk of these toxic elements for consumers. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS-MS) was used to identify toxic elements, while an exposure assessment was conducted by applying consumption amounts from the national food consumption survey to the toxic element contents in the fish samples. The results showed that the fish contained arsenic ranging from less than the limit of detection (LOD) to 8.51 mg/kg fresh weight (FW), cadmium ranging from the LOD to 0.04 mg/kg FW, and mercury ranging from the limit of quantitation (LOQ) to 0.38 mg/kg FW. Lead was found in small amounts (<LOQ) when compared to the Codex and Thailand’s standards. Only grouper had a higher mercury content (0.55 mg/kg FW) than that of the Codex standard, but it was lower than the notification requirement of Thailand’s Ministry of Public Health. Based on the estimated daily intake scenario, the consumption of most fish species posed a low risk of concern in terms of cadmium and lead. A high risk of concern was found for arsenic exposure, with the exception of long, non-scaly fish (catfish and dory). Marine fish, with the exception of Indo-Pacific mackerel, also posed a high risk of mercury exposure, but only in the case of a high mercury content, high consumption, or both. For a high arsenic content with high consumption or both, children aged 0–5.9 years were at a high risk of concern. Food safety authorities should regularly monitor the levels of toxic element contamination in high-risk food products.

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Ferdigg, Andrè, Ann-Katrin Hopp, Gernot Wolf, and Giulio Superti-Furga. "Membrane transporters modulating the toxicity of arsenic, cadmium, and mercury in human cells." Life Science Alliance 8, no. 2 (2024): e202402866. http://dx.doi.org/10.26508/lsa.202402866.

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Non-essential metals are extremely toxic to living organisms, posing significant health risks, particularly in developing nations where they are a major contributor to illness and death. Although their toxicity is widely acknowledged, the mechanisms by which they are regulated within human cells remain incompletely understood. Specifically, the role of membrane transporters in mediating heavy metal toxicity is not well comprehended. Our study demonstrates how specific transporters can modulate the toxicity of cadmium, mercury, and the metalloid arsenic in human cells. Using CRISPR/Cas9 loss-of-function screens, we found that the multidrug resistance protein MRP1/ABCC1 provided protection against toxicity induced by arsenic and mercury. In addition, we found that SLC39A14 and SLC30A1 increased cellular sensitivity to cadmium. Using a reporter cell line to monitor cellular metal accumulation and performing a cDNA gain-of-function screen, we were able to clarify the function of SLC30A1 in controlling cadmium toxicity through the modulation of intracellular zinc levels. This transporter-wide approach provides new insights into the complex roles of membrane transporters in influencing the toxicity of arsenic, cadmium, and mercury in human cell lines.

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Azokpota, Emmanuel, Alassane Youssao Abdou Karim, Alphonse Avocefohoun, et al. "Levels of Heavy Metals Contamination (As, Cd, Hg, Pb) in Some Human Consumption Water Sources in Agbangnizoun and Za-Kpota Town Halls, Southern Benin." International Journal of Chemistry 14, no. 1 (2022): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijc.v14n1p41.

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In the current decades, the increasing presence of metallic contaminants in water for human consumption has become a major public health concern. This concern is even more pronounced in rural areas such as in the Town Halls of Agbangnizoun and Za-Kpota where the majority of households use surface water, wells and tanks to satisfy their daily drinking water needs, without any prior treatment, due to the low level of access to drinking water supplied by the State. This study aims at assessing the levels of contamination of these resources in mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As). The mercury was determined using the cold vapor technique by the Direct Mercury Analyzer (DMA-80) while lead and cadmium were analyzed by molecular absorption spectrophotometry by the DR 3900. The Arsenic was extracted by distillation using the silver diethyldithiocarbamate method then measured by molecular spectrophotometry technique. The results show that surface waters contain great quantities of metals than well and cistern waters. Lead (220.97 &plusmn; 9.45 &micro;g/L) and cadmium (20.13 &plusmn; 0.17 &micro;g/L) in surface waters have levels above WHO guidelines and B&eacute;nin standards. On the other hand, there is no significant difference between the metal concentrations of well and cistern waters at the 5% threshold compared to the borehole water (witness sample). Significant correlations are established between toxic metals (Pb and Cd) and physical parameters (turbidity and suspended matters) at the threshold of 1 %. As for mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As), the concentrations are very lower than these of Cd and Pb and below the quantification limit of the device. These results confirm that the surface waters consumed by the populations of the Town Halls of Agbangnizoun and Za-Kpota do not respect drinking water standards.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mercury as well as arsenic"

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HUBLER, DAVID KENNETH, Geoffrey Steward, and Benjamin Mills. "TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT FOR ARSENIC, MERCURY, AND SILVER." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/190458.

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Cross, Peggi. "Aqueous alpha-lipoic acid solutions for removal of arsenic and mercury from materials used for museum artifacts." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195574.

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Recorded use of pesticides in the conservation of artifacts dates back to the 16th century. Museums today are faced with a tremendous task of identification and remediation of pesticides from artifacts in order to protect museum workers and the general public. In addition, artifacts are being repatriated by Native American tribes for use in cultural ceremonies which may subject the practitioner to health risks. Arsenic and mercury salts are among the pesticides that were used that are highly persistent and toxic. The primary challenge lies in removing these hazardous and persistent metals without damaging the materials or pigments on the objects.Concentrated aqueous alpha-lipoic acid solutions were developed for removing arsenic and mercury pesticides from materials commonly used in museum artifacts. The alpha-lipoic acid solutions were reduced using natural sunlight or laboratory ultraviolet lamps to enhance the binding of arsenic. The solubility of alpha-lipoic acid in various organic and inorganic solutions was determined and environmental parameters that impact the reduction and solubility, such as pH and temperature, were examined. The kinetics of the reaction of arsenic (III) with reduced lipoic acid was examined by varying the reduced lipoic acid, base and arsenic concentration as well as temperature and stirring conditions. The results indicated that the reaction occurs at a moderate rate primarily within 8 seconds in air. The reaction is chemically rate limited enhanced at higher temperatures and lower pH. Aerobic conditions significantly decreased the extent of the reaction with increased stirring rate. This impact was minimized by using a nitrogen environment or by limiting agitation during the reaction step.The methods developed were capable of removing up to 1000 Âµg/cm2 arsenic (of sodium arsenite) from simulated artifacts to levels near the lower detection limit of the X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (1 Âµg/cm2) without leaving detectable residues according to Attenuated Total-Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Similar results were achieved in removing mercury (of mercuric chloride) from non-sulfur containing materials; however, the solutions and processes developed were not capable of removing mercury from sulfur-containing materials such as wool and feathers.

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Farrell-Poe, Kitt. "Arsenic in Private Water Wells." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/156928.

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3 pp.<br>1. Drinking Water Wells; 2. Private Water Well Components; 3. Do Deeper Wells Mean Better Water; 4. Maintaining Your Private Well Water System; 5. Private Well Protection; 6. Well Water Testing and Understanding the Results; 7. Obtaining a Water Sample for Bacterial Analysis; 8. Microorganisms in Private Water Wells; 9. Lead in Private Water Wells; 10. Nitrate in Private Water Wells; 11.Arsenic in Private Water Wells; 12. Matching Drinking Water Quality Problems to Treatment Methods; 13. Commonly Available Home Water Treatment Systems; 14. Hard Water: To Soften or Not to Soften; 15. Shock Chlorination of Private Water Wells<br>This fact sheet is one in a series of fifteen for private water well owners. The one- to four-page fact sheets will be assembled into a two-pocket folder entitled Private Well Owners Guide. The titles will also be a part of the Changing Rural Landscapes project whose goal is to educate exurban, small acreage residents. The authors have made every effort to align the fact sheets with the proposed Arizona Cooperative Extension booklet An Arizona Well Owners Guide to Water Sources, Quality, Testing, Treatment, and Well Maintenance by Artiola and Uhlman. The private well owner project was funded by both the University of Arizonas Water Sustainability Program-Technology and Research Initiative Fund and the USDA-CSREES Region 9 Water Quality Program.

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Uhlman, Kristine. "Arsenic in Arizona Ground Water -- Source and Transport Characteristics." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146413.

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4 pp.<br>Following on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's "Arsenic Rule" decision to require public water systems to lower the allowable arsenic content in drinking water from 50 parts per billion (ppb) to 10 ppb by January 23, 2006, private well owners across the state have realized the importance of testing their own water supply for arsenic. Under Arizona law, it is the sole responsibility of the private well owner to determine the quality (potability) of their private well water. This article discusses the geologic prevelance of arsenic across the state, and options available to the well owner to address this water quality concern. Expected to be the first in a 3-part series on ground water quality issues common in Arizona.

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Dhinsa, Harkirat S., University of Western Sydney, and School of Civic Engineering and Environment. "Atomic absorption spectroscopic determination of mercury, selenium and arsenic in biological and environmental materials." THESIS_XXXX_CEE_Dhinsa_H.xml, 1998. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/254.

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This thesis carefully investigates some of the limitations of existing methods for atomic spectroscopic determination of mercury, selenium and arsenic in biological and environmental materials. In particular the need for adequate sample preparation to ensure reliable atomic spectroscopic determination of these metalloids was demonstrated extensively. The thesis evaluates four most commonly used wet digestion methods for the accurate determination of mercury in biological and environmental materials by cold vapour atomic absorption spectroscopy. Excellent recovery efficiencies were obtained with this digestion mixture in fish homogenate, horse kidney, soil, canned fish and hair samples for inorganic and organic mercury. The suitability of the digestion method for the reliable determination of mercury in soil, hair and canned fish samples was also demonstrated. Mercury levels in these samples were found within normal acceptable range. The thesis outlines a new simple procedure for overcoming the loss of mercury due to sample charring. It also described a new sample ultrasound low temperature wet digestion method for biological and environmental materials. The main advantage of this approach over other conventional methods is its ability to release all mercury in inorganic form from biological and environmental samples at much lower temperatures than reported earlier<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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Yathavakilla, Santha Venkata. "Speciation of Selenium, Mercury and Arsenic in Food by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1179516979.

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Thorp, Steven Gregory. "Environmental Assessment of Arsenic and Mercury Levels at the Garfield Mill Site, Calico, California." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/922.

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Environmental impacts of mining at Calico, California, are poorly understood in comparison to the details of its history of silver production. Human health risks associated with arsenic from the lode rock, as well as mercury from the silver milling process, include central nervous system damage, organ failure, and death. To quantify the potential human health risk and manage remediation of this site, tailings from the Garfield Mill site were digitally mapped and chemically analyzed by portable x-ray fluorescence, which permitted volumetric estimates of total mill tailings and the arsenic and mercury budget, as well as identification of anomalies in the distribution of these elements within the tailings deposit. Final products include a high-resolution digital orthomosaic map showing the extent of the tailings deposit, giving contours of arsenic and mercury distribution and identifying areas of high concern for future remediation. The information gathered during this study will be of immense use to the city of Barstow, providing a basis for future public health studies and assessments of human health risks in the area.

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Blue, Lisa Y. "IMMOBILIZATION OF MERCURY AND ARSENIC THROUGH COVALENT THIOLATE BONDING FOR THE PURPOSE OF ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION." UKnowledge, 2010. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/785.

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Mercury and arsenic are widespread contaminants in aqueous environments throughout the world. The elements arise from multiple sources including mercury from coal-fired power plants and wells placed in natural geological deposits of arseniccontaining minerals. Both elements have significant negative health impacts on humans as they are cumulative toxins that bind to the sulfhydryl groups in proteins, disrupting many biological functions. There are currently no effective, economical techniques for removing either mercury or arsenic from aqueous sources. This thesis will demonstrate a superior removal method for both elements by formation of covalent bonds with the sulfur atoms in N,N’-Bis(2-mercaptoethyl)isophthalamide (commonly called “B9”). That B9 can precipitate both elements from water is unusual since aqueous mercury exists primarily as a metal(II) dication while aqueous arsenic exists as As(III) and As(V) oxyanions.

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Uhlman, Kristine, Channah Rock, and Janick Artiola. "Arizona Drinking Water Well Contaminants." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/156930.

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4 pp.<br>This short fact sheet is taken from "Arizona Well Owner's Guide to Water Supply" currently in print. We plan to complete part 2 of this fact sheet by the end of July, 2009. Please note that the text has already been incorporated into the eXtension Community of Practice web page - - I am the author for the COP/Drinking Water group text on chemistry of naturally occurring water contaminants.<br>Arizona well water is often contaminated with elevated concentrations of naturally occurring constituents that are a human health concern. This short fact sheet is the first in a two-part series about what naturally occurring contaminants may be found in your water supply well and includes a brief discussion on environmental pollutants that originate from land use activities. If you own a well in Arizona, you have the sole responsibility for checking to see if your drinking water is contaminated. Arizona state law does not require private well owners to test or treat their water for purity. The second part of this series outlines what to sample for and how to understand your analytical results.

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Xiao, Tangfu. "Environmental impact of thallium related to the mercury-thallium-gold mineralization in southwest Guizhou Province, China." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ65214.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Mercury as well as arsenic"

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1939-, Hutchinson T. C., Meema K. M, and International Council of Scientific Unions. Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment., eds. Lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic in the environment. Published on behalf of the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (Scope) of the International Council of Scientific Unions by (ICSU) Wiley, 1987.

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IMO/FAO/UNESCO/WMO/WHO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution., ed. Review of potentially harmful substances: Arsenic, mercury and selenium. World Health Organization, 1986.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency., ed. Mercury and arsenic wastes: Removal, recovery, treatment, and disposal. Noyes Data Corporation, 1993.

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4

Corporation, Science Applications International, Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory (U.S.), and United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. Waste Management Division, eds. Arsenic and mercury: Workshop on removal, recovery, treatment, and disposal : abstract proceedings. Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1992.

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Griffin, H. D. Airborne arsenic and lead in moss exposed near Dickenson Mines Limited, Balmertown, Ontario. Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Technical Support Section, Northwestern Region, 1989.

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Smith, Jerrod. Flow contribution and water quality with depth in a test hole and public-supply wells: Implications for arsenic remediation through well modification, Norman, Oklahoma, 2003-2006. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Laboratory, 2009.

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Andrews, William J. Pilot study of natural attenuation of arsenic in well water discharged to the Little River above Lake Thunderbird, Norman, Oklahoma, 2012. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2013.

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Joy, Joe. Stillaguamish River Watershed fecal coliform, dissolved oxygen, pH, arsenic, and mercury total maximum daily load study. Washington State Dept. of Ecology, 2004.

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Masum, S. Jahangir Hasan. Modified dugwell: A socio-technical appraisal in the context of domestic water security in Bangladesh. Arsenic Mitigation Project, 2005.

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Studies, United States Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Division of Health. Biologic indicators of exposure to heavy metals in fish consumers: Technical assistance to the American Samoa government, Department of Health Services, Pago Pago, American Samoa. U.S. Dept. for Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Mercury as well as arsenic"

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Predel, B. "As-Hg (Arsenic - Mercury)." In Ac-Ag ... Au-Zr. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/10793176_177.

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Meagher, Richard B. "Phytoremediation of Toxic Mercury and Arsenic Pollution." In Plant Biotechnology 2002 and Beyond. Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2679-5_99.

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Luo, Z. D., Y. M. Zhang, L. Ma, et al. "Chronic arsenicism and cancer in Inner Mongolia — consequences of well-water arsenic levels greater than 50 μg/l." In Arsenic. Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5864-0_5.

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Abarikwu, Sunny O. "Lead, Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury: Occurrence, Toxicity and Diseases." In Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World. Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02387-8_7.

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Dhankher, Om Parkash, Andrew C. P. Heaton, Yujing Li, and Richard B. Meagher. "Strategies for the Engineered Phytoremediation of Mercury and Arsenic Pollution." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2005-0904.ch005.

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Kolopajlo, Larry. "Analytical Methodologies for Arsenic, Selenium, and Mercury: A Historical Perspective." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2017-1263.ch008.

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Meagher, Richard B., Aaron P. Smith, Melissa Pischke, Tehryung Kim, Om Prakash Dhankher, and Andrew C. P. Heaton. "Multigene Strategies for Engineering the Phytoremediation of Mercury and Arsenic." In Biotechnology and Sustainable Agriculture 2006 and Beyond. Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6635-1_4.

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Feldmann, Jörg, Katharina Bluemlein, Eva Maria Krupp, Martin Mueller, and Barry Alan Wood. "Metallomics Study in Plants Exposed to Arsenic, Mercury, Selenium and Sulphur." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90143-5_4.

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Rob Stephens, R. L., and V. Ram Ramachandran. "Forever Homes for the Big Bad Four: Arsenic, Thallium, Mercury, and Cadmium." In Proceedings of the 63rd Conference of Metallurgists, COM 2024. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-67398-6_45.

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Langston, W. J. "Assessment of the Distribution and Availability of Arsenic and Mercury in Estuaries." In Estuarine Management and Quality Assessment. Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9418-5_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Mercury as well as arsenic"

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Schutz, R. W., G. Clapp, B. Mekha, and M. Peet. "Resistance of UNS R56404 Titanium to Mercury Liquid Metal Embrittlement." In CORROSION 2016. NACE International, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2016-07556.

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Abstract Liquid mercury can be a natural component of natural gas, condensate, and crude oil production streams, so the potential for liquid metal embrittlement (LME) of hydrocarbon production metallic components must be considered. With increasing use of titanium alloys for deep sour high pressure/high temperature well oil country tubular goods (OCTG) and dynamic offshore riser components, titanium’s ability to resist degradation from liquid mercury contact warranted assessment under relevant hydrocarbon production conditions. The results of exposing UNS R56404 forging and pipe product forms to liquid mercury over the 25°-232°C temperature range while highly stressed at and beyond the alloy’s yield point via three differing loading modes are reported. These included sustained load 90 day C-ring tests, slow strain rate tensile testing, and rippled slow strain rate cyclic tensile loading. Although excessive plastic strain can allow substrate Ti metal wetting and low energy subcritical crack growth (i.e., LME), results confirm that titanium’s robust, non-mercury wetting surface oxide film is key to providing LME resistance to substantial plastic strain limits and beyond a reasonable range of surface mechanical damage expected in service.

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Adina, Pacala. "ARSENIC REMOVAL FROM GROUNDWATER BY COAGULATION PROCESS: PERFORMANCE AND LIMITATIONS INFLUENCED BY THE GROUNDWATER SOURCES CHEMISTRY USED FOR DRINKING WATER PURPOSE IN THE WEST REGION OF ROMANIA." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024v/3.2/s11.03.

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Arsenic (As) contaminated groundwater is a critical issue of concern, in view of its toxicity through drinking water and health impacts on the human body. In this regard, the World Health Organization (WHO, 1993) has recommended 10 ?g/L for dissolved As concentration in water as standard value for drinking purposes. Special attention should be paid to the monitoring the quality of the groundwater, the chemistry and composition of arsenic-contaminated water are the major factors, determining the applied technologies for removal of arsenic. The coagulation-flocculation process is well known as physico-chemical technique for As removal, which provides high removal efficiency, even at high concentrations of As(V). This method have many advantages: high stability, low cost, simple operation and fast sedimentation. This paper examines the current scenario of arsenic contamination of groundwater in the West Region of Romania, and evaluate the As removal performances and limitation of different coagulants used, their operating conditions, properties, and efficiencies. The coagulation experiments were conducted through the Jar test, which simulates three steps including coagulation, flocculation, and settling. The coagulants tested comparatively were ferric and aluminum-based coagulants, respectively ferric chloride, ferric sulfate, aluminum sulfate and polyaluminum chloride. Better coagulating performance of the ferric salts compared with the aluminum salts has been confirmed due to their higher density of adsorption.

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Tabatadze, M., L. Shavliashvili, G. Kuchava, E. Shubladze, and E. Elizbarashvili. "STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF HYDROCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF THE RACHA-LECHKHUMI AND KVEMO SVANETI REGIONS NATURAL WATERS." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024v/3.2/s11.14.

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Water resource protection is significant for Georgia since the intensity of anthropogenic impact on the Georgian ecosystem has been substantially increased over the recent period, at the same time, several diseases with high risk for population life have been considerably increased, as well. The work provides the physical-chemical and hydrochemical characteristics of rivers, artesian and spring waters available at the territories adjacent to the arsenic processing enterprises in the region for 2021-2024. pH, electric conductivity, biogenic substances, principal ions, mineralisation, total arsenic form, and microbiological parameters have been determined in the water samples taken. Statistical characteristics were calculated, including the average value, absolute maximum and minimum, and standard deviation - for some indicators of hydrochemical analysis of natural waters. In some cases, an exceedance of some polluting ingredients of natural waters over maximum allowable concentrations has been observed. River waters have a low arsenic hazard index (HQsw less than 1) and are not at risk. In some artesian and drinking waters, the arsenic hazard index (HQdw>1) is at risk. The correlation coefficient between the concentrations of cations and anions in the rivers was calculated using the Pearson formula. Positive and negative correlations are established. Created linear regression equations for pairs of statistically significant correlation coefficients and calculated coefficients of determination for use in practical calculations.

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Kunecki, Piotr, and Magdalena Wdowin. "INNOVATIVE METHOD OF ZEOLITE MODIFICATION FOR INCREASE MERCURY SORPTION FROM SIMULATED GAS STREAM." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/5.1/s20.47.

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Packaging waste from the industry containing significant amounts of silicon and aluminum were used in synthesis of zeolites. Derived structures ware mostly A (LTA) and X from (FAU) frameworks, respectively. Zeolite were modified in order to increase ability for elemental mercury (Hg0) removal from simulated gas stream. Mercury constitutes a hazardous threat, due to its high chemical and biological activity, durability, volatility and susceptibility to migrations over long distances from the source of pollution. According to the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, mercury is placed third on the list of substances most hazardous to human health. The effect of zeolites modification on Hg0 removal from simulated gas stream was studied empirically using prototype installation designed to test the effectiveness of sorption by solid state sorbents. Part of derived and modified zeolites revealed significant mercury uptake during sorption experiment. The proposed hybrid synthesis method possesses the potential to be implemented for both waste utilization as well as the time and energy saving production of aluminosilicate, porous materials with high Hg0 removal efficiency.

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Shank, R. A., and T. R. McCartney. "Comparative Study of Commercially Available Propargyl Alcohol-Free Corrosion Inhibitors for Hydrochloric Acid Systems." In CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2013-02760.

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Abstract Corrosion Inhibition is of the utmost concern in the development of novel chemical cleaning solutions for industrial purposes. Acid corrosion inhibitors are an absolute necessity when it comes to the chemical cleaning of heat exchangers and boilers made from materials such as carbon steel, and iron alloys. Scales and deposits are treated with strong acids, which may be highly corrosive to the base metals present in the equipment. Corrosion rates can be reduced to reasonable levels upon the addition of acid corrosion inhibitors. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is commonly employed to dissolve a variety of scales; however, inhibitors which are used to protect the metals often contain a number of highly toxic compounds including quaternary amines, alkylphenol ethoxylates, propargyl alcohol, formaldehyde, mercury and arsenic. Propargyl alcohol is several orders of magnitude more toxic than methanol, and is very corrosive to the lungs and skin, and may act as a neurotoxin. Environmental and safety concerns demand the replacement of propargyl alcohol in chemical cleaning blends. Several nontoxic formulations, have recently found their way on the market, and make claims towards comparable inhibition to that observed for propargyl alcohol. In this study, measurements of the corrosion rate of HCl on carbon steel in the presence of various corrosion inhibitors are presented.

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Veresiu, Silvia, Madalina Rus, Elena Mereuta, Valentin Amortila, and Mihai Gingarasu. "STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE ENERGY INDUSTRY ON THE LEVEL OF POLLUTION OF WASTEWATER IN ROMANIA." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/4.1/s19.59.

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This research aims to conduct a detailed analysis of the necessity for generating electrical energy using conventional methods, simultaneously assessing the impact on water quality. Wastewater, originating from fluids used in industrial processes or households, contains various impurities and is discharged into the natural aquatic environment (such as rivers, lakes, or the Black Sea) or onto various lands, either with or without prior treatment. The production and utilization of primary energy raw materials, such as coal, oil, natural gas, firewood, or the generation of energy through hydroelectric, nuclear, and unconventional sources, entail the need for water in associated technological processes. Consequently, wastewater becomes a potential source of pollution, even when subjected to treatment in a purification station or a complex of facilities developed or adapted to reduce pollutant concentrations. This investigation was initiated with the objective of identifying the categories and methods of energy production that generate significant quantities of pollutants. The identification of a statistical correlation (Pearson coefficient) between primary fuels used in energy generation and the level of pollution in industrial waters suggests the imperative need to restrict or eliminate certain fuel sources in favor of environmental protection, as part of an effort to promote sustainable development. The analysis was conducted over a period spanning from 2006 to 2022, encompassing the evaluation of various fuels, including coal, lignite, and others, which generate pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, mercury, etc. The information utilized in this analysis was sourced from official channels, specifically from the National Institute of Statistics in Romania.

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Zevenhoven, Ron, Jaakko Savolahti, Liselotte Verhoeven, and Loay Saeed. "Partitioning of Mercury and Other Trace Elements From Coal and Waste-Derived Fuels During Fluidised Bed Pyrolysis." In 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78124.

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The potential releases of toxic trace elements such as mercury, lead and arsenic call for emission control during fluidised bed (FB) combustion, pyrolysis or gasification of waste-derived fuels and fossil fuels. Control measures for sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides and particulates effectively remove many other pollutants from the exhaust gases as well, but mercury and several other trace elements are already problematic and this situation will only worsen with time. Besides the effect of temperature, gas atmosphere and halogens, the presence of other species, for example metal oxides, have an effect on under which conditions and in what form trace elements are released from fuels. Understanding the events of trace elements release from solid fuels during the pyrolysis or char combustion stage will provide a key to manipulating their partitioning and controlling their emissions. Pyrolysis experiments were made with coal, sewage sludge and automotive shredder residue (ASR) in a two-stage fluidised bed combustion (FBC) facility. An Ontario Hydro measurement train plus an additional sampling system were used to measure mercury and around fifteen other trace elements in the gases, and also char samples were taken and analysed. Results from these experiments are presented. An issue that is addressed explicitely is the bed material, which may be contaminated with significant amounts of toxic trace elements.

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Pongpitukkul, Woraphat, Thotsaphon Chaianansutcharit, Suppakit Learduchasai, Thunyarak Suankaew, and Satiraporn Sirisampan. "Tantawan Sludge Management: Holistic Approach Introducing New Practices." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21331-ms.

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Abstract Following Tantawan field suspension of production, considerable volume of contaminated crude (high level of mercury and arsenic content) remains on board in Tantawan FPSO. These volumes are deemed as waste hydrocarbon sludge that hold no commercial value and must be urgently removed from the vessel as per safety requirements to maintain the vessel class and certification, according to Tantawan FPSO integrity condition. After review of many alternatives, offshore subsurface disposal initiative is the safest and most cost-effective means for disposal. Since subsurface disposal of such waste, highly mercury and arsenic contaminated crude, has never been performed in the Gulf of Thailand, several aspects need to be considered from technical and environmental perspective and public sector concerns. A cross functional team of Reservoir Engineer, Geologist, Facilities Engineer, Health and Safety, Policy, Government and Public Affair and commercial advisor, has co-devised a holistic waste management plan to inject waste into Tantawan reservoirs after obtaining required approvals by the government. Many challenges including limitation of the FPSO pumping system, sludge properties and seasonal increment weather, were encountered during the execution phase and many remedial actions were taken to mitigate their impact. Cross functional team initiatives on heater installation, adjusting injection procedure, and additional disposal well approval helped address project challenges. Entire volume of sludge was safely injected to subsurface reservoirs with cost effective operation. The success of this offshore injection process has reduced the cost to less than 10% compared to onshore disposal option to asset joint venture. The results set a new standard for Thailand petroleum waste management policy. Following this success, decommissioning of all remaining of Tantawan field are progressing as scheduled. This paper will outline the holistic approach of hydrocarbon sludge management process including the subsurface injection identifcation, stakeholder engagement, environmental impact assessment and execution challenges. Lessons learned from this paper would help other offshore operators to effectively manage hydrocarbon sludge, which demonstrate how the oil and gas industry plays a vital role in protecting the environment.

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Szollosi-Mo?a, Andrei, Maria Prodan, Vasilica Irina Nalboc, Niculina Sonia Suvar, and Nicolae Ianc. "BIOMONITORING OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION THROUGH NEEDLES AND CONIFER BARK IN INDUSTRIAL AND URBAN AREAS OF THE JIU VALLEY." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s20.010.

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Certain studies have determined specific conifers, which can be found in urban and industrial areas can be used to monitor the degree of air pollution being used for passive biomonitoring processes. The needles and bark of conifers taken from the industrial and urban areas of the Jiu Valley, mercury, chromium) and arsenic, after acid mineralization of the samples of pine bark (Pinus sp.), spruce (Picea Abies) and thuja (Thuja Occidentalis) and those taken from these conifers in the urban area and in the vicinity of the industrial units in the Jiu Valley. The processing of experimental data allowed the use of conifers to detect the accumulation and degree of heavy metal pollution. The results of this study show that the highest concentrations of heavy metals were found in areas with heavy traffic, as well as in the vicinity of industrial areas, the Jiu Valley, being an area with a highly developed mining industry. The lowest concentrations of heavy metals in the analyzed samples were found in the vicinity of recreational areas and parks.

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C., Attawit, Phonlawit H., Sineenat K., Apiwat N., Suwit D., and Suwin S. "A Triple-String Cement Approach in Redefining Well Plug and Abandonment Techniques." In SPE/IADC Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/219582-ms.

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Abstract Well Plug and Abandonment (P&A) process stands as the primary phase in decommissioning activities. Compliance with country regulations and industry standards is imperative for P&A methods. With over 2,000 wells requiring abandonment post-concession by the Operator, costs extend beyond P&A to encompass waste handling, logistics, scrap disposal, and SSHE concerns. To enhance cost-effectiveness, a novel barrier placement technique, the triple-string cement balance plug, has been innovated, trialled, and assessed. This paper introduces a novel technique, the triple-string cement balance plug, enhancing well Plug and Abandonment (P&A) processes. The primary objective is to establish well barriers across necessary sections via Off Rig operation (Phase 1 using a slickline/electric line and a cementing unit) as much as possible. The procedures for the first and second barriers are similar to Operator's best practices. The additional procedure involves the placement of the third barrier across three annuli. It is achieved by limited penetration perforation and placing a cement plug simultaneously across tubing (2-7/8" or 3-1/2" × 7" casing) and the 9-5/8" casing annulus. Then a well barrier is verified through pressure testing to the required test pressure. The tubing is cut below the SSSV, followed by circulating the well with kill-weight fluid and suspension. Phase 2, by utilizing a Rig/Rigless unit to retrieve tubing, cut and retrieve remaining casing and conductor, if any, and finally the placementof environmental plug. With successful trials during the 2021-2023 campaign and subsequent adjustments, this technique proves successful in perforation, circulation, cement placement, and meeting pressure testing criteria. Implementing this technique anticipates substantial cost savings in the Operator's extensive well P&A operations. Considering the Operator's potential 2,000 wells for P&A post-concession and non-usable wells, this technique could yield total savings of up to 12% for P&A operations alone. Moreover, minimizing the extraction of tubing and casing reduces waste handling, particularly hazardous materials like Mercury, Arsenic, and radioactive substances. However, the potential cost savings from reduced tubing and casing extraction are not factored into the cement balance plug in 3 annulus technique's estimated savings.

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Reports on the topic "Mercury as well as arsenic"

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Kyllönen, Katriina, Karri Saarnio, Ulla Makkonen, and Heidi Hellén. Verification of the validity of air quality measurements related to the Directive 2004/107/EC in 2019-2020 (DIRME2019). Finnish Meteorological Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361256.

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This project summarizes the results from 2000–2020and evaluates the trueness andthequality control (QC) procedures of the ongoing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)and trace element measurements in Finlandrelating to Air Quality (AQ) Directive 2004/107/EC. The evaluation was focused on benzo(a)pyrene and other PAH compounds as well as arsenic, cadmium and nickel in PM10and deposition. Additionally, it included lead and other metals in PM10and deposition, gaseous mercury and mercury deposition, andbriefly other specificAQ measurements such as volatile organic compounds (VOC)and PM2.5chemical composition. This project was conducted by the National Reference Laboratory on air quality and thiswas the first time these measurements were assessed. A major part of the project was field and laboratory audits of the ongoing PAH and metal measurements. Other measurements were briefly evaluated through interviews and available literature. In addition, the national AQ database, the expertise of local measurement networks and related publications were utilised. In total, all theseven measurement networks performing PAH and metal measurements in 2019–2020took part in the audits. Eleven stations were audited while these measurements are performed at 22 AQ stations in Finland. For the large networks, one station was chosen to represent the performance of the network. The audits included also six laboratories performing the analysis of the collected samples. The audits revealed the compliance of the measurements with the AQ Decree 113/2017, Directive 2004/107/EC and Standards of the European Committee for Standardization(CEN). In addition, general information of the measurements, instruments and quality control procedures were gained. The results of the laboratory audits were confidential,but this report includes general findings, and the measurement networks were informed on the audit results with the permission of the participating laboratories. As a conclusion, the measurementmethodsusedwere mainly reference methods. Currently, all sampling methods were reference methods; however, before 2018 three networks used other methods that may have underestimated concentrations. Regarding these measurements, it should be noted the results are notcomparable with the reference method. Laboratory methods were reference methods excluding two cases, where the first was considered an acceptable equivalent method. For the other, a change to a reference method was strongly recommended and this realized in 2020. For some new measurements, the ongoing QC procedures were not yet fully established, and advice were given. Some networks used consultant for calibration and maintenance, and thus theywere not fully aware of the QC procedures. EN Standards were mostly followed. Main concerns were related to the checks of flow and calculation of measurement uncertainty, and suggestions for improvement were given. When the measurement networks implement the recommendations given inthe audits, it can be concluded that the EN Standards are adequately followed in the networks. In the ongoing sampling, clear factors risking the trueness of the result were not found. This applies also for the laboratory analyses in 2020. One network had concentrations above the target value, and theindicative measurementsshould be updated to fixed measurements.

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Bessinger, Brad, and John A. Apps. The Hydrothermal Chemistry of Gold, Arsenic, Antimony, Mercury and Silver. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/840338.

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Tsongas, Theodora A., John S. Reif, Jane Mitchell, Thomas J. Keefe, and John D. Tessari. The Rocky Mountain Arsenal Pilot Exposure Study, Part 1: Analysis of Exposure to Arsenic and Mercury,. Defense Technical Information Center, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada295588.

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Ye Zhuang, Christopher Martin, and John Pavlish. JV Task 124 - Understanding Multi-Interactions of SO3, Mercury, Selenium, and Arsenic in Illinois Coal Flue Gas. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/990804.

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Olsen, K. B., J. C. Evans, D. S. Sklarew, et al. Characterization of mercury, arsenic, and selenium in the product streams of the Pacific Northwest Laboratory 6-kg retort. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6194571.

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Pitt, Mark, Mark Rosenzweig, and Nazmul Hassan. Identifying the Cost of a Public Health Success: Arsenic Well Water Contamination and Productivity in Bangladesh. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21741.

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Adamse, P., H. J. van der Fels-Klerx, and J. de Jong. Arsenic, lead, cadmium and mercury in animal feed and feed materials : Trend analysis of monitoring result collected in the Netherlands. RIKILT Wageningen University & Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/416680.

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Kevin Crist. Evaluation of the Emission, Transport, and Deposition of Mercury, Fine Particulate Matter, and Arsenic from Coal-Based Power Plants in the Ohio River Valley Region. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/891303.

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Kevin Crist. Evaluation of the Emission, Transport, and Deposition of Mercury, Fine Particulate Matter, and Arsenic from Coal-Based Power Plants in the Ohio River Valley Region. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/878497.

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Kevin Crist. EVALUATION OF THE EMISSION, TRANSPORT, AND DEPOSITION OF MERCURY, FINE PARTICULATE MATTER, AND ARSENIC FROM COAL-BASED POWER PLANTS IN THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY REGION. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/824127.

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