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Journal articles on the topic 'Merino sheep Australia Genetics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 January 2023

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1

Shariflou, MR, CM Wade, PA Windsor, I. Tammen, JW James, and FW Nicholas. "Lethal genetic disorder in Poll Merino/Merino sheep in Australia." Australian Veterinary Journal 89, no. 7 (June 22, 2011): 254–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.2011.00789.x.

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2

Huisman, A. E., and D. J. Brown. "Genetic parameters for bodyweight, wool, and disease resistance and reproduction traits in Merino sheep. 3. Genetic relationships between ultrasound scan traits and other traits." Animal Production Science 49, no. 4 (2009): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08172.

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The Australian Merino is the predominant genetic resource for both the lamb and sheep meat industries of Australia. There are very few studies that provide information on the relationships between wool and non-wool traits. This paper describes the genetic relationships between ultrasound scan traits and wool, disease resistance and reproduction traits in Merino sheep. Fleece weight and fibre diameter coefficient of variation were negatively correlated with ultrasound scanned fat and eye muscle depth (–0.10). Staple length, fibre curvature, and scrotal circumference were not correlated with sca

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3

Parsons, Y. M., D. W. Cooper, L. R. Piper, Y. M. Parsons, and D. W. Cooper. "Genetic variation in Australian Merino sheep." Animal Genetics 27, no. 4 (April 24, 2009): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.1996.tb00482.x.

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4

Huisman, A. E., and D. J. Brown. "Genetic parameters for bodyweight, wool, and disease resistance and reproduction traits in Merino sheep. 2. Genetic relationships between bodyweight traits and other traits." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 9 (2008): 1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08120.

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The Australian Merino is the predominant genetic resource for both the prime lamb and sheep meat industries of Australia. There are very few studies that provide good information on the relationships between wool and non-wool traits. The objective of this paper was to describe genetic relationships within bodyweight traits and between bodyweight and other traits recorded in Merino sheep. The genetic correlation between bodyweight, fleece weight and fibre diameter was positive (0.1 to 0.2). While fibre diameter coefficient of variation, staple length, staple strength, mean fibre curvature, and

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Haba, M. De La, A. Moreno, D. Llanes, and E. M. Tucker. "Glutathione concentrations in the red cells of Merino sheep." Journal of Agricultural Science 110, no. 2 (April 1988): 401–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185960008148x.

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Tasmanian Merino sheep show a bimodal distribution in the concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) in their red cells, 40% of sheep having GSH values of around 27 mg GSH/100 ml red cells and 60% with values of about 92 mg GSH/100 ml red cells (Tucker & Kilgour, 1972). The GSH deficiency was shown to be due to an impaired activity of γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase (γ-GC-S), the enzyme catalysing the first step of GSH biosynthesis (Tucker, Kilgour & Young, 1976). Family data indicated that the deficiency in this strain of Merinos was under the control of a dominant gene, designated GSH

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Brown, D. J., and N. M. Fogarty. "Genetic relationships between internal parasite resistance and production traits in Merino sheep." Animal Production Science 57, no. 2 (2017): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15469.

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Breeding Merino sheep that are resistant to internal parasites alleviates the high costs associated with treatment of worm infestation and loss of production, as well as mitigating the development of anthelmintic resistance among the major worm species. Faecal worm egg count ((cube root transformation), wec) can be used in sheep as a measure of internal parasite resistance. Accurate estimates of genetic parameters for wec are required for calculation of Australian Sheep Breeding Values and inclusion of worm resistance in sheep breeding programs. This study provides updated estimates of heritab

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7

Ponnampalam, E. N., D. L. Hopkins, K. L. Butler, F. R. Dunshea, and R. D. Warner. "Genotype and age effects on sheep meat production. 2. Carcass quality traits." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 10 (2007): 1147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07001.

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The present study examines carcass quality traits in different genotypes of Australian sheep slaughtered at 4, 8, 14 and 22 months of age. Poll Dorsetgrowth × Border Leicester Merino (PDg × BLM), Poll Dorsetgrowth × Merino (PDg × M), Poll Dorsetmuscling × Merino (PDm × M), Merino × Merino (M × M) and Border Leicester × Merino (BL × M) genotypes were compared. Sires were selected on the basis of growth (PDg, M and BL) and muscle (PDm) using estimated breeding values (EBVs). Approximately 150 mixed sex animals were slaughtered at each age (595 in total for the four slaughters) and carcass qualit

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8

Pollott, G. E., and J. C. Greeff. "Genetic relationships between faecal egg count and production traits in commercial Merino sheep flocks." Animal Science 79, no. 1 (April 2004): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800054497.

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AbstractIn several countries the gastro-intestinal parasites of sheep show evidence of resistance to the commonly used anthelmintic treatments. The use of animals with genetic resistance to such parasites has been shown to be a viable alternative in a number of resource flocks. However, the genetics of host resistance to parasites in industry flocks and the effects on production traits of using resistant sheep is relatively unknown. This study addresses these questions using data from 55 commercial Merino flocks in Australia. The heritability and genetic correlations were estimated for faecal

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Hatcher, S., K. D. Atkins, and E. Safari. "Lamb survival in Australian Merino Sheep: A genetic analysis12." Journal of Animal Science 88, no. 10 (October 1, 2010): 3198–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-2461.

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10

Barwick, S. A., D. J. Brown, B. R. Cullis, A. K. Bell, T. J. May, M. W. Lollback, I. M. Rogan, et al. "The performance of the Border Leicester in Australia." Animal Production Science 61, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an19493.

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Aims We examine the average performance of Border Leicester (BL) flocks that are part of LAMBPLAN, Australia’s sheep performance recording and genetic evaluation system. We also summarise outcomes from the New South Wales Department of Primary Industry’s research on BL improvement, and discuss the performance required for the BL to continue to be a pivotal part of the Australian prime lamb industry. Key results Modest gains have been recorded in the BL in growth since 2000 and faecal egg counts have reduced, suggesting improved worm resistance. The net reproductive rate has slightly improved,

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11

Huisman, A. E., D. J. Brown, A. J. Ball, and H. U. Graser. "Genetic parameters for bodyweight, wool, and disease resistance and reproduction traits in Merino sheep. 1. Description of traits, model comparison, variance components and their ratios." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 9 (2008): 1177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08119.

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Both wool and sheep meat industries are interested in sheep that have a high reproduction performance and are resistant to internal parasites, in addition to the traditional traits. There is considerable interest in breeding sheep for wool, carcass, reproductive and internal parasite resistance traits simultaneously. The objective of this study was to estimate single trait genetic parameters for 40 traits recorded in Merino sheep, covering bodyweight, carcass, wool, reproduction and internal parasite resistance traits. This also involved determining the appropriate models. The results from thi

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12

Eady, SJ, RR Woolaston, SI Mortimer, RP Lewer, HW Raadsma, AA Swan, and RW Ponzoni. "Resistance to nematode parasites in Merino sheep: sources of genetic variation." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 47, no. 6 (1996): 895. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9960895.

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Merino sheep representing a range of bloodlines in resource flocks located across Australia were tested for resistance to gastro-intestinal nematodes. These flocks included the JB Pye Flock (Camden, NSW), Katanning Base Flock (Katanning, WA), Turretfield Merino Resource Flock (Rosedale, SA), CSIRO Finewool Flock (Armidale, NSW), and the Trangie D Flock (Trangie, NSW). Faecal egg count (FEC) was used to measure relative resistance of sheep to nematode parasites after either natural or artificial infection with Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Differences in FEC 0' 33 bet

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Warner, R. D., D. W. Pethick, P. L. Greenwood, E. N. Ponnampalam, R. G. Banks, and D. L. Hopkins. "Unravelling the complex interactions between genetics, animal age and nutrition as they impact on tissue deposition, muscle characteristics and quality of Australian sheep meat." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 10 (2007): 1229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07229.

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The combined effects of age and genetics and Poll Dorset sire and growth path were studied in two separate experiments (n = 595 and 627, respectively). In the first experiment, containing genotype crosses typically used in Australia (Merino, Poll Dorset, Border Leicester) and sires selected for growth or muscling, sheep were slaughtered at 4, 8, 14 and 22 months. The second experiment used Poll Dorset sires selected for high muscling, fat or growth with progeny having two levels of nutrition postweaning. Border Leicesters expressed higher levels of carcass fat percentage and intramuscular fat

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Hodge, Marnie J., Sara de las Heras-Saldana, Sally J. Rindfleish, Cyril P. Stephen, and Sameer D. Pant. "Characterization of Breed Specific Differences in Spermatozoal Transcriptomes of Sheep in Australia." Genes 12, no. 2 (January 30, 2021): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12020203.

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Reduced reproductive efficiency results in economic losses to the Australian sheep industry. Reproductive success, particularly after artificial insemination, is dependent on a number of contributing factors on both ewe and ram sides. Despite considerable emphasis placed on characterising ewe side contributions, little emphasis has been placed on characterising ram side contributions to conception success. Over 14,000 transcripts are in spermatozoa of other species, which are transferred to the ova on fertilisation. These transcripts conceivably influence early embryonic development and whethe

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15

Qiu, Xiaoyan, Xiong Xiao, Nan Li, Wenhui Ling, Mingyu Wang, and Yuemin Li. "Association of steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase (CYP17) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 628 and dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) SNP939 genotypes with sheep reproductive performance." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 31, no. 4 (2019): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd18069.

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In a previous study we investigated the association between two single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes, namely steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase (CYP17) SNP628 and dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) SNP939, with two temperaments (calm and nervous) in Australian Merino sheep and concluded that the DRD2 SNP939 T/T genotype combined with the CYP17 SNP628 G/G genotype is associated with a calm temperament and could be used as a potential marker for calm sheep, whereas the DRD2 SNP939C allele combined with the CYP17 SNP628 A/A genotype is associated with a nervous temperament and could be u

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Ponnampalam, E. N., D. L. Hopkins, F. R. Dunshea, D. W. Pethick, K. L. Butler, and R. D. Warner. "Genotype and age effects on sheep meat production. 4. Carcass composition predicted by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 10 (2007): 1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07008.

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This study compares the carcass composition of different genotypes of Australian sheep slaughtered at four ages (110, 236, 412 and 662 days of age, or 4, 8, 14 and 22 months of age). The genotypes used were Poll Dorsetgrowth × Border Leicester Merino (PDg × BLM), Poll Dorsetgrowth × Merino (PDg × M), Poll Dorsetmuscling × Merino (PDm × M), Merino × Merino (M × M) and Border Leicester × Merino (BL × M). Approximately 150 mixed sex animals were slaughtered at each age and the right sides (half carcass) were scanned by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for chemical lean, fat and bone mineral

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17

Swan, Andrew A., Daniel J. Brown, and Julius H. J. van der Werf. "Genetic variation within and between subpopulations of the Australian Merino breed." Animal Production Science 56, no. 1 (2016): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an14560.

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Genetic variation within and between Australian Merino subpopulations was estimated from a large breeding nucleus in which up to 8500 progeny from over 300 sires were recorded at eight sites across Australia. Subpopulations were defined as genetic groups using the Westell–Quaas model in which base animals with unknown pedigree were allocated to groups based on their flock of origin if there were sufficient ‘expressions’ for the flock, or to one of four broad sheep-type groups otherwise (Ultra/Superfine, Fine/Fine-medium, Medium/Strong, or unknown). Linear models including genetic groups and ad

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18

Dominik, S., and A. A. Swan. "Genetic and phenotypic parameters for reproduction, production and bodyweight traits in Australian fine-wool Merino sheep." Animal Production Science 58, no. 2 (2018): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15738.

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The present study estimated phenotypic and genetic relationships between wool production, reproduction and bodyweight traits in Australian fine-wool Merino sheep. The data for the study originated from the CSIRO Fine Wool Project, Armidale, Australia. Data on wool characteristics, measured at ~10 and 22 months of age, bodyweight and several reproduction traits across consecutive lambing opportunities were analysed. The genetic correlations were moderately negative between fibre diameter measured as yearling and adult, and lamb survival (rg = –0.34 ± 0.15 and rg = –0.28 ± 0.14 respectively) and

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19

Newton, J. E., D. J. Brown, S. Dominik, and J. H. J. van der Werf. "Genetic and phenotypic parameters between yearling, hoggetand adult reproductive performance and age of first oestrus in sheep." Animal Production Science 54, no. 6 (2014): 753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an13245.

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The aims of this study were to quantify the relationship between age of first oestrus and yearling reproductive performance in maternal-cross ewes in the Information Nucleus Flock data and to estimate genetic and phenotypic correlations between early and later reproductive performance defined as three ages, yearling, hogget and adult in both Merino and maternal-cross ewes. Information on 2218 yearling records, 2047 hogget records and 910 age of first oestrus records were used in the analysis of maternal-cross ewes, whereas 3286 hogget and 2518 adult reproductive records were used in analysis o

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20

Walkom, S. F., F. D. Brien, M. L. Hebart, S. I. Mortimer, and W. S. Pitchford. "Season and reproductive status rather than genetics factors influence change in ewe weight and fat over time. 3. Analysis of Merino ewes." Animal Production Science 54, no. 6 (2014): 821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an13249.

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The profitability of southern Australian sheep production systems depends on the optimisation of stocking rates by meeting the nutritional demands of the breeding ewe while effectively utilising grown pasture. The aim of the study was to evaluate the genetic variation in liveweight and body condition of Merino ewes across their breeding life within a wool-based enterprise. The results were consistent with findings in crossbred ewes and showed that the genetic component of weight and body condition remained constant across the production cycle and age. The overall additive genetic effect accoun

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21

Eady, S. J., R. R. Woolaston, R. W. Ponzoni, R. P. Lewer, H. W. Raadsma, and A. A. Swan. "Resistance to nematode parasites in Merino sheep: correlation with production traits." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 49, no. 8 (1998): 1201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a98069.

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Merino sheep representing a range of bloodlines in resource flocks located across Australia were tested for resistance to gastro-intestinal nematodes. These flocks included the JB Pye Flock (Camden, NSW), Katanning Base Flock (Katanning, WA), Turretfield Merino Resource Flock (Rosedale, SA), and the CSIRO Finewool Flock (Armidale, NSW) and included a total of 328 sire groups. Resistance to nematodes was measured by faecal egg count (FEC). Data were also available for greasy and clean fleece weight (GFW and CFW, respectively), fibre diameter (FD), and body weight (BW) at a range of ages from we

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Safari, E., N. M. Fogarty, A. R. Gilmour, K. D. Atkins, S. I. Mortimer, A. A. Swan, F. D. Brien, J. C. Greeff, and J. H. J. van der Werf. "Across population genetic parameters for wool, growth, and reproduction traits in Australian Merino sheep. 1. Data structure and non-genetic effects." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, no. 2 (2007): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar06161.

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Accurate estimates of adjustment factors for systematic environmental effects are required for genetic evaluation systems. This study combined data from 7 research resource flocks across Australia to estimate genetic parameters and investigate the significance of various environmental factors for production traits in Australian Merino sheep. The flocks were maintained for several generations and represented contemporary Australian Merino fine, medium, and broad wool bloodlines over the past 30 years. Over 110 000 records were available for analysis for each of the major wool traits, with over

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Butler, LG, SR Corkrey, IJ Knox, G. Hannan, and RP Thomson. "Perceptions and knowledge of measurement in selection programs: a survey of stud Merino breeders in Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 6 (1995): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9950681.

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A total of 329 (25%) stud Merino breeders returned a survey designed to evaluate their knowledge of, and attitudes to, objective measurement in sheep breeding and performance recording. The data were analysed by log-linear regression techniques. There was overwhelming agreement that performance records were not as valid as traditional methods, but there was general agreement that measurement improves accuracy of selection, increases genetic gain, assists ram buyers and breeders, and increases flock earnings. There is a significant concern regarding the accuracy of fleece tests. Most respondent

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Britt, AG, CL Cotton, BH Kellett, IH Pitman, and JA Trask. "Structure of the Epidermis of Australian Merino Sheep Over a 12-Month Period." Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 38, no. 1 (1985): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bi9850165.

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Light-microscopic examination of frozen sections of skin taken from the dorsal thoraco-Iumbar region of Australian Merino sheep in winter revealed that the thickness of the epidermis plus a sudanophilic layer was 24�9 !tm in the interfollicular region. The uncornified epidermis (10�9 !till) was separated from the sudanophilic layer (14�0 !tm) by a thin stratum corneum. It was concluded that the bulk of the sudanophilic layer was emulsified sebum in which was embedded a disorganized collection of desquamated cornified cells. Although large variances were observed in the thickness of the uncorni

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Benavides, M. V., S. Damak, and A. P. Maher. "A putative resistant DNA marker for wool yellowing susceptibility in sheep." Genetics and Molecular Biology 23, no. 2 (June 2000): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47572000000200017.

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An Australian Merino flock was screened for low (resistant) and high (susceptible) yellow predictive colour (YPC) breeding values in order to compare extreme individuals using the differential display of mRNA technique. One differentially expressed cDNA band was visualised only in the resistant group. This band showed no identity with the DNA sequences of public databases; however, they showed short homologies with three database sequences related to transmembrane signalling functions. The use of these candidate genes as DNA markers needs to be confirmed against sheep with a wide range of susc

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Brown, D. J., A. A. Swan, and J. S. Gill. "Within- and across-flock genetic relationships for breech flystrike resistance indicator traits." Animal Production Science 50, no. 12 (2010): 1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10102.

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Flystrike is a major cost for the Australian sheep industry. The industry is currently implementing selection strategies for flystrike resistance to reduce the need for breech flystrike prevention. The following indicator traits are used to select for breech flystrike resistance: wool cover, skin wrinkle on the body and breech, scouring (dags) and wool colour. The aims of this study were to estimate genetic correlations between these indicator traits and production traits using the Sheep Genetics database, to distinguish between within- and across-flock genetic relationships, and to quantify r

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Entwistle, K. W., L. J. Cummins, M. A. Hillard, J. E. Kinder, T. O'Shea, L. R. Piper, J. Thimonier, and J. F. Wilkins. "Bernard Michael Bindon — reproductive physiologist, animal scientist, research leader." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 2 (2006): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05222.

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This paper is a foreword to a series of papers commissioned on ‘the impact of science on the beef industry’, where the Beef CRC-related collaborative scientific work of Professor Bernard Michael Bindon will be reviewed. These papers will be presented in March 2006, as part of a ‘festschrift’ to recognise his wider contributions to the Australian livestock industries for over 40 years. Bindon’s career involved basic and applied research in many areas of reproductive physiology, genetics, immunology, nutrition, meat science and more recently genomics, in both sheep and cattle. Together with his

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Safari, E., N. M. Fogarty, A. R. Gilmour, K. D. Atkins, S. I. Mortimer, A. A. Swan, F. D. Brien, J. C. Greeff, and J. H. J. van der Werf. "Across population genetic parameters for wool, growth, and reproduction traits in Australian Merino sheep. 2. Estimates of heritability and variance components." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, no. 2 (2007): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar06162.

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Precise estimates of genetic parameters are required for genetic evaluation systems. This study combined data from 7 research resource flocks across Australia to estimate variance components and genetic parameters for production traits in the Australian Merino sheep. The flocks were maintained for several generations and represented contemporary Australian Merino fine, medium, and broad wool bloodlines over the past 30 years. Over 110 000 records were available for analysis for each of the major wool traits, and 50 000 records for reproduction and growth traits with over 2700 sires and 25 000

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29

Blumer, S. E., G. E. Gardner, M. B. Ferguson, and A. N. Thompson. "Environmental and genetic factors influence the liveweight of adult Merino and Border Leicester × Merino ewes across multiple sites and years." Animal Production Science 56, no. 4 (2016): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an14419.

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Variation in liveweight change in the ewe flock during periods of poor nutrition can affect farm profitability through the effects of liveweight loss on potential stocking rate, management interventions including supplementary feeding, and ewe and lamb survival and productivity. There is variation between individual animals in their ability to manage periods of poor nutrition, but the links between liveweight change and breeding values in the adult ewe flock have not been quantified. We analysed 5216 liveweight profiles for 2772 ewes managed over 3 years at eight sites across Australia, to def

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McCrabb, G. J., G. Bortolussi, L. M. Hennoste, and B. J. McDonald. "The thermal response of sheep to a hot environment in different years." Journal of Agricultural Science 125, no. 1 (August 1995): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600074608.

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SUMMARYThe aim of this experiment was to determine whether the thermal responses ofsheep exposed to a hot environment were similar in different years. Rectal temperaturesofsheep were measured during the hot months (between November and March) of three consecutive years (1990/91, 1991/92, 1992/93) in a flock of Merino sheep (n = 151) in the semi–arid tropics of northern Australia. Mean daily maximum temperatures in these months were 36±0·4, 39±0·3 and 37±0·3°C in Years 1, 2 and 3, respectively. In Year 1, rectal temperatures were measured on 3 consecutive days;the repeatability was 0·47 at 08·0

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Sawyer, Gregory, Danielle Webster, and Edward Narayan. "Measuring wool cortisol and progesterone levels in breeding maiden Australian merino sheep (Ovis aries)." PLOS ONE 14, no. 4 (April 8, 2019): e0214734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214734.

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Joy, Aleena, Frank R. Dunshea, Brian J. Leury, Iain J. Clarke, Kristy DiGiacomo, Pragna Prathap, Minghao Zhang, and Surinder S. Chauhan. "275 Access to Shade Mitigate Heat Stress and Improves Growth Performance in Lambs During Summer." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.263.

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Abstract The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of provision of shade on behavior, physiology, and growth of Merino lambs exposed to natural Australian summer conditions. Sixty Merino lambs were randomly allocated to either pasture with shade (n = 30;paddock with trees) or a pasture without shade (n = 30;paddock without any trees) for one month during southern-Australian summer (February-2021). Sheep were grazing on the pastures as per standard protocols followed on the farm with ad libitum access to water. Lambs were monitored twice daily between 0900-1000h and 1400

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Ash, A. J., and B. W. Norton. "Effect of DL-methionine supplementation on fleece growth by Australian cashmere goats." Journal of Agricultural Science 109, no. 1 (August 1987): 197–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600081168.

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Australian feral goats have recently been found to produce commercially viable quantities of the luxury fibre cashmere (Smith, Clarke & Turner, 1973). Cashmere is the fine down produced by secondary follicles as an undercoat during winter. Fibre diameter ranges from 8 to 24 μm with a mean diameter of 16 μm. Unlike modern breeds of sheep such as the Merino which exhibit almost continuous wool growth, cashmere growth is distinctly seasonal with fibre growth commencing in summer (long daylength) and reaching a maximum length in early winter (short daylength) (McDonald, 1985). The cashmere is

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Shakhin, Alexey V., Arsen V. Dotsev, Tatiana E. Deniskova, Gottfried Brem, and Natalia A. Zinovieva. "PSXII-2 Identification of candidate SNPs associated with high prolificacy in Romanov sheep." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 254–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.465.

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Abstract Prolificacy is a very important trait in sheep. Romanov sheep, the well-known Russian sheep breed, are characterized by very high prolificacy; however, the genetic basis of this unique property of Romanov sheep is still unknown. It was reported that Ovine BMPR1B gene, located on the OAR6, is associated with prolificacy in several sheep breeds. The aim of our study was to identify candidate SNPs within BMPR1B gene, related to prolificacy. To achieve this goal, using NGS technology, we sequenced ovine BMPR1B gene in Romanov sheep (n = 6), which are characterized by high prolificacy (abo

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Morton, K. M., S. L. Catt, F. K. Hollinshead, W. M. C. Maxwell, and G. Evans. "280LAMBS BORN AFTER IN VITRO EMBRYO PRODUCTION FROM PREPUBERTAL LAMB OOCYTES AND FROZEN-THAWED UNSORTED AND SEX-SORTED SPERMATOZOA." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 16, no. 2 (2004): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv16n1ab280.

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Developments in sperm sexing technology have resulted in the birth of a number of offspring after IVF of oocytes from adult animals (Johnson LA, 2000 An. Reprod. Sci. 60–61, 93–107). The aim of this study was to combine sperm sexing technology with juvenile breeding. Merino lambs, 2–3 weeks (n=43) were hormone stimulated (Morton KM et al., 2003 Proc. Soc. Reprod. Fert., P18), and COCs were matured in TCM-199 (Sigma) with 10μgmL−1 p-FSH (Folltropin-V; Bioniche Animal Health Australasia), 10μgmL−1 pLH (Bioniche), and 20% sheep serum (v/v) in a humidified 6% CO2, 5% O2, 89% N2 atmosphere for 22h.

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Sawyer, Gregory, Dylan Russell Fox, and Edward Narayan. "Pre- and post-partum variation in wool cortisol and wool micron in Australian Merino ewe sheep (Ovis aries)." PeerJ 9 (April 27, 2021): e11288. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11288.

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An individual merino sheep’s output of wool production is influenced by synergistic interactions of sheep genetics, climate, farm management, and nutrition available to the whole flock. The price paid to the producer for this wool commodity is determined via numerous tested parameters and /or subjective appraisal of the raw greasy wool. This research investigated the level of variation in wool cortisol (a physiological stress biomarker) and wool micron (MIC) in Merino ewes (Ovis aries), pre-partum and post-lambing (lactation/lambs at foot), using maiden ewe (n = 38) managed in an outdoor paddo

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Walkom, S. F., and D. J. Brown. "Impact of liveweight, fat and muscle sire breeding values on ewe reproduction is minimal but variable across Australian grazing systems." Animal Production Science 57, no. 9 (2017): 1952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15574.

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Australian sheep producers have the potential to improve reproductive rates through optimising ewe body condition across the production cycle. Managing ewe body condition can become costly when supplementary feeding is required due to poor pasture growth or rainfall and by using appropriate genetics, producers can theoretically reduce the flock’s dependency on supplementary feed and improve reproductive rates. Reproductive records from the Information Nucleus Flock and Sheep Genetics Merino and maternal breed datasets were analysed to examine the influence of sire breeding values for liveweigh

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Prathap, Pragna, Surinder S. Chauhan, Brian J. Leury, Jeremy J. Cottrell, Aleena Joy, Bereket Z. Tunkala, Kristy DiGiacomo, et al. "292 Reducing the Fermentability of Wheat with a Starch Binding Agent Has the Potential to Ameliorate Heat Stress in Sheep." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 161–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.296.

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Abstract Two experiments were conducted to determine whether a starch binding agent could (1) reduce the rate of fermentation of wheat grain and (2) improve heat tolerance in sheep. Firstly, fermentation kinetics and buffered rumen fluid pH variation were measured during in vitro incubation of wheat with 0, 1, 2, and 4% Bioprotect® (Feedworks Pty Ltd, Australia). Bioprotect® reduced gas production at 12 h in a dose-dependent manner (-6.4, -11 and -20% respectively; P &lt; 0.001) and increased pH (P &lt; 0.001), indicating slower ruminal fermentation. In a randomized control experiment,

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Morrison, M., R. M. Murray, and A. N. Boniface. "Nutrient metabolism and rumen micro-organisms in sheep fed a poor-quality tropical grass hay supplemented with sulphate." Journal of Agricultural Science 115, no. 2 (October 1990): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600075237.

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SUMMARYA feeding trial was performed during 1986, in Townsville, Australia, to describe alterations in nutrient metabolism, and the coincident gross changes in rumen microbiology, when a sulphurdeficient diet was supplemented with inorganic sulphur. Eight Merino sheep were fedad libituma spear grass (Heteropogon contortus) hay of low sulphur content (0·4 g/kg DM), supplemented with all other essential minerals. Upon supplementation, daily sulphur intake was increased toc.0·75 g and four animals continued to be fedad libitum(group A) whilst the remaining animals were restricted in feed intake (

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Lakota, E. А. "PRESERVATION OF GENETIC POTENTIAL OF STAVROPOL SHEEP BREED FOR POVOLZHYE DREY STEPPE ZONE." Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy, no. 3(50) (September 8, 2020): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2020-3-179-184.

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In conditions of Povolzhye steppe zone development of productive qualities of Stavropol breed sheep was conducted by meat merino sheep. Experimental research was carried out in ZAO «Novaya Zhizn» in Novouzensky district of Saratov region, located in semi desert zone, bordering upon South-West Khazakhstan. The research aim was the increase and maintenance of genetic potential of Stavropol breed sheep of Povolzhye population. Working procedure is based on guidelines of the All-Union Academy of Agricultural sciences, All Union research institute of sheep and goat breeding. The study materials wer

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Allingham, P. G., W. Barris, A. Reverter, V. Hilsenstein, R. van de Ven, and D. L. Hopkins. "Sire and growth-path effects on sheep meat production. 3. Fascicular structure of lamb loin muscle (m. longissimus lumborum) and the impact on eating quality." Animal Production Science 49, no. 3 (2009): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08163.

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The effects of sire genetics and growth path on the fascicular structure (FS) of lamb loin muscle (m. longissimus lumborum; LL) and the consequences for eating quality were studied in progeny (n = 299) of 20 Poll Dorset sires and Merino ewes. Sires were selected on the basis of their Australian sheep breeding values (ASBV) for post-weaning growth (PWWT), loin eye muscle depth (PEMD) and subcutaneous fat (PFAT). Growth of lambs was varied by time of weaning (early or late) and by feeding level within weaning group, where lambs were either fully fed throughout or were feed restricted for 55 days

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Fogarty, N. M., E. Safari, P. J. Taylor, and W. Murray. "Genetic parameters for meat quality and carcass traits and their correlation with wool traits in Australian Merino sheep." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 54, no. 7 (2003): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03047.

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Estimates of genetic parameters for carcass traits in Merino sheep are presented, including muscle pH and colour, which are indicators of meat quality. The inclusion of these in the parameter set for genetic evaluation will provide the basis for more accurate estimated breeding values and the design of better breeding programs for improving meat traits in straightbred Merino sheep and crossbred lamb production. Data from 1045, nineteen-month-old Merino rams, the progeny of 125 sires from 3 strains that are representative of the industry, were used. Heritability and genetic correlations were es

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Mortimer, S. I., J. H. J. van der Werf, R. H. Jacob, D. W. Pethick, K. L. Pearce, R. D. Warner, G. H. Geesink, et al. "Preliminary estimates of genetic parameters for carcass and meat quality traits in Australian sheep." Animal Production Science 50, no. 12 (2010): 1135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10126.

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Using performance from progeny born in 2007 and 2008 generated by the Information Nucleus program of the Cooperative Research Centre for Sheep Industry Innovation, preliminary estimates of heritability were obtained for a range of novel carcass and meat attributes of lamb relevant to consumers, including carcass characteristics, meat quality and nutritional value of lamb. Phenotypic and genetic correlations of live animal traits with carcass composition and meat quality traits were also estimated. The data were from progeny located at eight sites, sired by 183 rams from Merino, maternal and te

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Fozi, M. Asadi, J. H. J. Van der Werf, and A. A. Swan. "Modelling genetic covariance structure across ages of mean fibre diameter in sheep using multivariate and random regression analysis." Animal Production Science 52, no. 11 (2012): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an12139.

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Mean fibre diameter measurements from yearling to 5-year-old Australian fine- and medium-wool Merino sheep were analysed using several multivariate models that varied in covariance structure. A pre-structured multivariate model was found to be the most parsimonious model in comparison with the other models fitted such as banded, autoregressive and random regression. In the preferred model, the ages of mean fibre diameter for fine-wool data were genetically partitioned into yearling, 2 years, 3 years and later ages and for medium-wool data into hogget, 2 years and later ages. The estimates of g

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Al-Atiyat, R., W. Flood, I. Franklin, B. Kinghorn, and A. Ruvinsky. "Microsatellite-based genetic variation and differentiation of selected Australian Merino sheep flocks." Small Ruminant Research 136 (March 2016): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.01.018.

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Daetwyler, H. D., J. M. Hickey, J. M. Henshall, S. Dominik, B. Gredler, J. H. J. van der Werf, and B. J. Hayes. "Accuracy of estimated genomic breeding values for wool and meat traits in a multi-breed sheep population." Animal Production Science 50, no. 12 (2010): 1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10096.

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Estimated breeding values for the selection of more profitable sheep for the sheep meat and wool industries are currently based on pedigree and phenotypic records. With the advent of a medium-density DNA marker array, which genotypes ~50 000 ovine single nucleotide polymorphisms, a third source of information has become available. The aim of this paper was to determine whether this genomic information can be used to predict estimated breeding values for wool and meat traits. The effects of all single nucleotide polymorphism markers in a multi-breed sheep reference population of 7180 individual

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Walkom, S. F., A. N. Thompson, E. Bowen, and D. J. Brown. "Weaner survival is heritable in Australian Merinos and current breeding objectives are potentially leading to a decline in survival." Animal Production Science 59, no. 1 (2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an17151.

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There is little evidence to show that mortality rates during the period after weaning are improving over time in Australian sheep. The average mortality rate of Merino lambs during the post-weaning period has been estimated to be 5.2%. The present study explored the potential for producers to breed for improved survival rates during the post-weaning period and the potential impact this would have on key production traits. A total of 122526 weaner survival (mortality) records were obtained from 18 Merino flocks, between 1989 and 2014, encompassing a wide variety of Australian Merino sheep types

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RAADSMA, H. W., G. D. GRAY, and R. R. WOOLASTON. "Breeding for disease resistance in Merino sheep in Australia." Revue Scientifique et Technique de l'OIE 17, no. 1 (April 1, 1998): 315–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/rst.17.1.1103.

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Ferguson, M. B., J. M. Young, G. A. Kearney, G. E. Gardner, I. R. D. Robertson, and A. N. Thompson. "The value of genetic fatness in Merino ewes differs with production system and environment." Animal Production Science 50, no. 12 (2010): 1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10130.

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Selection against fatness in the Australian sheep industry has been a priority, but defining the true value of fat requires an understanding of the effects it has on both the value of lamb carcasses and on sheep productivity. A Merino flock with 10 years of reproduction data was used to analyse the correlation between breeding values for fatness at yearling age (YFAT) and the number of lambs born per ewe mated (NLB). In 2 production years, NLB was related (P < 0.01) to YFAT resulting in an extra 14 or 24.5 lambs born per 100 ewes mated per mm of YFAT. Based on these relationships, bio-econo

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Hatcher, S., K. D. Atkins, and E. Safari. "Phenotypic aspects of lamb survival in Australian Merino sheep1." Journal of Animal Science 87, no. 9 (September 1, 2009): 2781–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2008-1547.

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