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Journal articles on the topic 'Merluccius gayi'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Chávez, R. A., M. T. González, M. E. Oliva, and I. M. Valdivia. "Endoparasite fauna of five Gadiformes fish species from the coast of Chile: host ecology versus phylogeny." Journal of Helminthology 86, no. 1 (January 21, 2011): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x10000921.

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AbstractThe aims of the present study were to compare, using multivariate analyses, the degree of similarity of the endoparasite fauna of five fish species belonging to the order Gadiformes: Merluccius gayi, Merluccius australis, Macruronus magellanicus (Gadoidei) and Micromesistius australis and Nezumia pulchella (Macrouroidei), from the southern and central Chilean coast, and to evaluate whether the composition of the endoparasite fauna was determined by phylogenetic or ecological relationships. We employed our database of Merluccius australis, M. magellanicus and Micromesistius australis, which was complemented with published information for M. magellanicus, Merluccius australis, Micromesistius australis, M. gayi and N. pulchella. A higher number of endoparasite species was recorded for Merluccius australis, Micromesistius australis and M. magellanicus, namely Anisakis sp. and Hepatoxylon trichiuri, which is the most prevalent parasite among these hosts. Aporocotyle wilhelmi and Hysterothylacium sp. were detected only in M. gayi, whereas Lepidapedon sp. was found exclusively in N. pulchella. These results suggest that fish ecology rather than host phylogeny was the most important factor for the determination of similarity in parasite composition. This result could be explained by the similar trophic patterns of hosts and by the predominance of generalist larval species among these fish parasite communities.

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2

Pilay, Dario, and Antonio Torres. "Pesqueria artesanal y aspectos reproductivos de merluza Merluccius Gayi en el puerto pesquero de Anconcito en la provincia de Santa Elena durante el 2014." Revista Científica Ciencias Naturales y Ambientales 12, no. 2 (May 22, 2021): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.53591/cna.v12i2.286.

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Un total de 1899 muestras de merluza (Merluccius gayi) de la pesca artesanal utilizando como arte de pesca el espinel de fondo, colectadas durante el año 2014, en Anconcito, provincia de Santa Elena. Las muestras fueron clasificadas entre 630 machos (33.25%) y 1.269 hembras (66.75%), lo que indicó que hubo mayor presencia de hembras en relación a machos, esto se evidenció con los resultados de la proporción sexual. En la composición de la captura de fauna asociada Prionotus stephanophrys fue la especie que mayor porcentaje presentó (79,7 %). En cuanto a la madurez sexual de las muestras de Merluccius gayi analizadas, los estadios III y V presentaron la mayor dominancia. La talla media de madurez sexual de la población de Merluccius gayi para hembras analizada quedó determinada en 31 cm de Lt. La información resultante recomienda que se realice un seguimiento biológico pesquero al recurso estudiado y que esta información permita constituir un adecuado manejo del mismo.

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3

PEREZ, JULIANA, and EVA GARCIA-VAZQUEZ. "Genetic Identification of Nine Hake Species for Detection of Commercial Fraud." Journal of Food Protection 67, no. 12 (December 1, 2004): 2792–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-67.12.2792.

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This study describes the 5S rRNA gene as a simple and reliable one-step PCR-based genetic marker that allows unambiguous identification of Merluccius paradoxus, Merluccius senegalensis, Merluccius australis, Merluccius gayi, Merluccius bilinearis, Merluccius hubbsi, and Macruronus magellanicus. The marker is based on differences in length at the nontranscribed spacer within the 5S rRNA genes and is robust enough for identification of processed products, such as fish fingers and other precooked commercial hake. Further restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis at the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene can distinguish Merluccius merluccius and Merluccius capensis. The application of these markers for routine works such as surveys of quality and labeling of commercial hakes is suggested due to their accuracy, low price, and possible automation for large-scale surveys.

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4

Llican S., Leonardo, Raul Verano M., and Luz Terán A. "Ceratomyxa limensis sp.n. (MYXOZOA: PROTOZOA), PARASITO DE LA VESÍCULA BILIAR DE Merluccius gayi peruanus "MERLUZA"." Biotempo 3 (July 10, 2018): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31381/biotempo.v3i0.1524.

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5

Mora, Marcela, Liseth Huamancha, Carlos Shiva, and Armando Hung. "Identificación molecular de Cynoscion analis y especies del género Merluccius por qPCR para la autentificación de productos hidrobiológicos congelados y conservas." Salud y Tecnología Veterinaria 6, no. 2 (February 15, 2019): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20453/stv.v6i2.3462.

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El objetivo del presente trabajo fue validar una reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) en tiempo real para detectar fragmentos pequeños de ADN con presencia de inhibidores e identificar genéticamente las especies pelágicas utilizadas comúnmente en conservas, harina de pescado y productos congelados. Se diseñaron cebadores para la detección de Cynoscion analis “ayanque” y especies del género Merluccius “merluza” utilizando regiones parciales del gen ATPase6 y regiones control con una longitud menor a 140 bp. Se detectó con alta especificidad y sensibilidad (100%) ADN degradado a 121 ºC por 30 minutos con un límite de detección: 0,00122 ng µl-1 ADN Merluccius gayi gayi, 0,00116 ng µl-1 ADN Merluccius gayi peruanus y 0,00163 ng µl-1 ADN Cynoscion analis y eficiencias de amplificación por encima del 97%. La validación del ensayo demuestra que el método es adecuado para la detección de ADN de ayanque y merluza en condiciones de degradación y con presencia de inhibidores. Se encontró la presencia de ADN de ayanque y merluza en conservas donde no están descritas estas especies en la etiqueta, el ensayo podría ser aplicado para la autentificación o detección de adulteración en productos hidrobiológicos congelados o sometidos a altas temperaturas durante su procesamiento.

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6

Torres, Gabriel J., Antoni Lombarte, and Beatriz Morales-Nin. "Sagittal otolith size and shape variability to identify geographical intraspecific differences in three species of the genus Merluccius." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 80, no. 2 (April 2000): 333–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315499001915.

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A study was carried out on the morphology (size and shape) of the saccular otolith (sagitta) by means of image analysis on three species of the genus Merluccius (M. gayi, M. hubbsi and M. merluccius). By digitization of the sagittae, morphometry and outline (Fourier harmonic) as form descriptor measurements were obtained, that were subsequently analysed by means of multivariant methods, allowing the intraspecific variability to be quantified. The differences in the intraspecific sagittal otolith variability confirmed spatial differences of predicted groups. The results were associated with environmental and population aspects. The use of combined morphometric measurements for the whole otolith and its corresponding sulcus acusticus were very appropriate for determining the origin of the analysed otoliths. Using both principal components analysis and discriminant analyses, a clear geographical differentiation was obtained for Merluccius gayi (from Chile and Peru) and M. merluccius (from the Atlantic and Mediterranean). In both species, the discriminant analysis predicted that all the sagittae could be correctly assigned within each of the groups studied. However, it was a little less effective at differentiating between the two groups of M. hubbsi (from the San Matias Gulf on the Patagonian Shelf and Argentinian–Uruguayan Common Fishing Zone). As a result, the morphometric analysis of the sagittae otoliths acted as a clear diagnostic tool to differentiate individuals from different geographical distribution areas.

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7

Oliva, Marcelo E., and Isabel Ballón. "Metazoan parasites of the Chilean hake Merluccius gayi gayi as a tool for stock discrimination." Fisheries Research 56, no. 3 (June 2002): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-7836(01)00329-0.

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8

Queirolo, D., E. Gaete, and M. Ahumada. "Gillnet selectivity for Chilean hake (Merluccius gayi gayi Guichenot, 1848) in the bay of Valparaíso." Journal of Applied Ichthyology 29, no. 4 (April 22, 2013): 775–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jai.12209.

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9

Hubálková, Zora, Petr Králík, Janka Kasalová, and Eva Renčová. "Application of DNA-based Techniques for Intraspecies Differentiation of Hake Fish." Acta Veterinaria Brno 78, no. 4 (2009): 673–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200978040673.

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Fish species identification is important as the interest of consumers in sea-fish meat is increasing. The aim of this study was to determine hake species distribution on the Czech market by the PCR-RFLP and sequencing of mt cyt b, and to develop and optimise an alternative system for determination of hake species by sequencing and/or PCR-RFLP using Pan I sequence. Among 20 samples of hake obtained on the Czech market three species were identified: North Pacific hake (Merluccius productus), Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi) and South Pacific hake (Merluccius gayi). The approaches tested in our study represent a significant tool either for the differentiation of hake species from other gadoid species (PCR) or for intraspecies identification of different hake species (PCR-RFLP, sequencing). This knowledge can be applied in detection of fish species substitution within the consumers' rights protection.

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10

Lombarte, A., and A. Castellón. "Interspecific and intraspecific otolith variability in the genus Merluccius as determined by image analysis." Canadian Journal of Zoology 69, no. 9 (September 1, 1991): 2442–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z91-343.

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Morphological variation in the sagittal otoliths of six species of the genus Merluccius was compared. The outlines of the otoliths were broken down numerically and classified according to numerical taxonomic methods. The results of this classification indicated that the specific characters of the sagittae emerge with individual growth, so that the otoliths from small individuals of various species exhibit plesiomorphic characters and are quite similar to one another. The otoliths from individuals longer than 20 cm can be classified into two geographic and phylogenetic groups: a Euro-African group (M. merluccius, M. capensis, and M. paradoxus) with plesiomorphic features, and an American group (M. bilinearis, M. productus, and M. gayi).

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11

Silva, Alex, María Teresa Rojas, Pamela Morales, Tamara Muñoz, and Álvaro Machuca. "Anisakid nematodes prevalence in Chilean hake (Merluccius gayi gayi) commercialized in the city of Talca, Chile." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 48, no. 1 (March 3, 2020): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3856/vol48-issue1-fulltext-2300.

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The main objective of this work was to determine the presence of anisakid larvae in fresh Chilean hake Merluccius gayi gayi coming from the coastal area near the city of Talca, Chile, commonly commercialized by a regional fish supply center located in the same city. Flesh and viscera of 214 fish were analyzed via direct observation, and the prevalence of parasitism was calculated. The results showed a prevalence of 100% and 24.3% in viscera and flesh, respectively. Morphologic characterization of 138 randomly selected larvae was performed via diaphanization technique, observing 106 larvae of Anisakis spp., 13 larvae of Pseudoterranova spp. and 19 nematodes classified as “unidentified.” All larvae here analyzed were viable based on the spontaneous movement ability of parasites. Overall, the high prevalence of fish infected with Anisakidae larvae highlights the importance of taking early intervention actions in order to prevent the occurrence of anisakidosis in the human Chilean population; particularly critical given the current culinary preference for raw fish dishes such as ceviche and sushi, which poses a public health issue.

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12

San Martín, Marcelo A., Luis A. Cubillos, and Juan Carlos Saavedra. "The spatio-temporal distribution of juvenile hake (Merluccius gayi gayi) off central southern Chile (1997–2006)." Aquatic Living Resources 24, no. 2 (April 2011): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/alr/2011120.

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13

Flores, Andrés, Rodrigo Wiff, and Eduardo Díaz. "Using the gonadosomatic index to estimate the maturity ogive: application to Chilean hake (Merluccius gayi gayi)." ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, no. 2 (July 2, 2014): 508–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu155.

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Abstract The proportion of mature fish at age or length is one of the most important population attributes in assessing reproductive potential. This proportion is usually named the maturity ogive. The most crucial step in estimating this proportion deals with maturity staging assessed by macroscopic or histology analysis. Macroscopic analysis is relatively inexpensive but usually introduces large amount of error. Histology is the most accurate method for maturity staging but is expensive and time consuming. Here, we propose using the gonadosomatic index (GSI) as an alternative way to estimate the maturity ogives. A logistic multinomial model was implemented to separate immature, mature-active, and mature-inactive fish, based only on their value of GSI. We evaluated the performance of the GSI-based method by comparing the results with ogives estimated from macroscopic and histological staging using the extensive database available for Chilean hake (Merluccius gayi gayi). Maturity ogives from GSI analysis were evaluated at the start and end of the reproductive season. Results showed that, in all cases analysed, maturity ogives from GSI were closer to the ogives based on histology than those from macroscopic staging. Comparing across periods, those maturity ogives computed at the start of the reproductive season give estimates very similar to those from histological staging. To have unbiased estimates of maturity ogives from GSI analysis, we recommend using data from the start of the reproductive season to minimise the frequency of spent fish. In addition, the assumption of the isometry between gonad and gutted weight across maturity stages needs to be tested before the use of this GSI method. The analyses presented here provide a promising method to estimate maturity ogives when histological staging data are lacking or when macroscopic analysis is suspected to have large amounts of errors.

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14

Cerna, Francisco, Luis A. Cubillos, and Guido Plaza. "Historical analysis of somatic growth of Chilean hake (Merluccius gayi gayi) off central coast of Chile." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 41, no. 3 (March 8, 2017): 558–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3856/vol41-issue3-fulltext-17.

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Somatic growth was studied in the Chilean hake stock off central coast of Chile, through the application of Von Bertalanffy equation (vB) as a non-linear mixed effect model (NLME) on length-at-agedata derived from otolith readings made at Instituto de Fomento Pesquero since 1972. Average growth rates for each year from 1972 to 2009 were estimated. Growth parameters of vB curves were analyzed for three major periods regarding changes in stock biomass (1972-1990, 1991-2003 and 2004-2009). Results indicated that the average growth rate showed inter-annual variations that did not exceed ±15 cm of total length around the historical average of males and females, showing no persistent tendency towards sustained increase or decrease in somatic growth rate. Growth curves obtained with the vB parameters, estimated for the three periods, showed a similar trajectories until age 7 and 8 years, in both male and females. Changes after this age may be a result of a decrease of larger fish removed by the selective effect of fishing, which triggered variations in the fitted curves, but not necessarily changes in somatic growth of these ages in the population. The results demonstrated that the individual growth of hake has not changed significantly since 1972, without observing a density-dependent effect with decreasing abundance.

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15

López Ráez, Luz, and Luis Dávila Solar. "SALADO DE MERLUZA POR PILA SECA, HÚMEDA Y POR DESHIDRATACIÓN OSMÓTICA AVACÍO (MERLUCCIUSGAYI PERUANUS)." Industrial Data 8, no. 2 (March 22, 2014): 007. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/idata.v8i2.6173.

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Se compararon tres procedimientos de salado de merluza (Merluccius gayi peruanus) en pila seca (PS), pila húmeda (PH) y deshidratación osmótica a vacío (DOV). En las muestras saladas, se determinó la evolución del contenido de sal, el contenido de agua, el recuento de microorganismos aerobios viables, estafilococos, mohos y la actividad de agua (aw). Se encontró que la población de microorganismos decae rápidamente en las muestras tratadas con DOV.

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16

Varela, José Luis, and Jonathan Eduardo Pincay-Espinoza. "Food habits of South Pacific hake (Merluccius gayi) in Ecuadorian waters." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 99, no. 8 (November 4, 2019): 1851–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315419000936.

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AbstractThe food habits of the South Pacific hake (Merluccius gayi) from Ecuadorian waters were studied by analysing 232 stomachs of specimens ranging from 23.4–83.1 cm in total length (TL). Fish was the most important prey group (Alimentary Index, %AI = 94), Ctenosciaena peruviana being the most represented prey species (%AI = 62.17). PERMANOVA analysis showed dietary differences between the smallest individuals (class I < 30 cm TL) and the largest (class IV 40–45 cm TL; class V ≥ 45 cm TL). In addition, spatial differences in dietary composition were found between the three sampled regions (Manabí, Santa Elena and Guayas). The results of this study indicate that the South Pacific hake is an opportunistic predator feeding on a wide variety of vertebrate and invertebrate organisms.

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17

Queirolo, Dante, José Merino, Mauricio Ahumada, Ivonne Montenegro, Erick Gaete, and Roberto Escobar. "Composición de especies en la pesquería artesanal de enmalle de merluza común Merluccius gayi gayi en Chile central." Revista de biología marina y oceanografía 49, no. 1 (April 2014): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-19572014000100007.

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18

San Martín, Marcelo A., Rodrigo Wiff, J. C. Saavedra-Nievas, Luis A. Cubillos, and Sergio Lillo. "Relationship between Chilean hake (Merluccius gayi gayi) abundance and environmental conditions in the central-southern zone of Chile." Fisheries Research 143 (June 2013): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2013.01.010.

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19

Naranjo, Laura, Jorge Castillo, Valesca Montes, and Eleuterio Yáñez. "Calculating the carbon footprint of the artisanal common hake fishery (Merluccius gayi gayi) in Caleta Portales, Valparaíso, Chile." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 49, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 538–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3856/vol49-issue4-fulltext-2662.

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Society's awareness of environmental issues increases every day. In this context, the concept of carbon footprint (CF) arises as a calculation tool that quantifies greenhouse gasses (GHG) emitted during the life cycle (LC) of a product. This calculation method is used in many productive sectors throughout the world; however, the Chilean fisheries sector has not notified the use of this tool or initiatives in that sense. This study performs a calculation of the CF of artisanal gillnet hake (Merluccius gayi gayi) fishery of the Caleta Portales, located in Valparaíso, Chile. The ISO 14040: 2006 methodology was used. The analysis was limited from the boat departure until the catch is landed, as a gate-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA). The fuel consumption data and information related to the fleet were used as the main source of information. The Caleta Portales hake landings were 1,340.484 kg in 2011 and 703,411 kg in 2012. This fleet released into the atmosphere in 2011, 0.47 CO2 equivalent per kg of hake landed, and 0.58 kg CO2 eq, in 2012. It is the first result of CF reported in a Chilean fishery. This result can lead to an increase in the competitiveness of this hake fishery, as it can generate a positive impact on encouraging consumers to prefer the consumption from those places that have calculated the CF and are less than other food products.

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20

Queirolo, Dante, Mauricio Ahumada, Carlos F. Hurtado, Milagrosa C. Soriguer, and Karim Erzini. "The effects of subsampling and between haul variation on the size selectivity estimation of Chilean hake (Merluccius gayi gayi)." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 40, no. 2 (July 10, 2012): 345–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3856/vol40-issue2-fulltext-9.

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21

Queirolo, Dante, Ivonne Montenegro, Erick Gaete, and Guido Plaza. "Direct observation of Chilean hake (Merluccius gayi gayi) behaviour in response to trawling in a South Central Chilean fishery." Fisheries Research 102, no. 3 (March 2010): 327–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2009.12.005.

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22

Carvajal, Nelson, Eduardo Kessi, and Darwin Jerez. "Studies on the control of arginine hydrolysis in the liver of Merluccius gayi." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry 94, no. 1 (January 1989): 195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-0491(89)90033-3.

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23

Saavedra, Luisa M., Renato A. Quiñones, and Rodrigo R. González. "Aerobic and anaerobic enzyme activity in the hake Merluccius gayi gayi related to the Oxygen Minimum Zone off central-southern Chile." Revista de biología marina y oceanografía 51, no. 3 (December 2016): 581–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-19572016000300009.

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24

Cubillos, Luis A., Ruben Alarcón, and Antonio Brante. "Empirical estimates of natural mortality for the Chilean hake (Merluccius gayi): evaluation of precision." Fisheries Research 42, no. 1-2 (August 1999): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-7836(99)00042-9.

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25

Carvajal, Juan, and Pedro E. Cattan. "A study of the anisakid infection in the chilean hake, Merluccius Gayi (Guichenot, 1848)." Fisheries Research 3 (January 1985): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-7836(85)90025-6.

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26

Vargas, Cristian A., and Leonardo R. Castro. "Spawning of the chilean hake (Merluccius gayi) in the upwelling system off Talcahuano in relation to oceanographic features." Scientia Marina 65, no. 2 (June 30, 2001): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2001.65n2101.

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27

Orrego, Henry, and Jaime Mendo. "VARIACIÓN INTERANUAL DE LA DIETA DE LA MERLUZA Merluccius gayi peruanus (GUITCHENOT) EN LA COSTA PERUANA." Ecología Aplicada 11, no. 1-2 (December 31, 2012): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.21704/rea.v11i1-2.430.

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28

George-Nascimento, M. "Populations and assemblages of parasites in hake, Merluccius gayi, from the southeastern Pacific Ocean: stock implications." Journal of Fish Biology 48, no. 4 (April 1996): 557–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1996.tb01452.x.

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29

George-Nascimento, M. "Populations and assemblages of parasites in hake,Merluccius gayi, from the southeastern Pacific Ocean: stock implications." Journal of Fish Biology 48, no. 4 (April 1996): 558–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jfbi.1996.0057.

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30

Reyes, Pablo, Rodrigo Hucke-Gaete, and Juan Pablo Torres-Florez. "First observations of operational interactions between bottom-trawling fisheries and South American sea lion, Otaria flavescens in south-central Chile." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 93, no. 2 (September 21, 2012): 489–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315412001282.

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This paper presents results of a study conducted on the trawling industrial fishery fleet of Merluccius gayi in south-central Chile, and the resulting interactions with the South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens). This study is based on observations made during September 2004, when incidental sea lion catch in the trawls was 6.3 sea lions/working day (1.2 sea lions/trawl−1). A total of 82 animals were incidentally caught, of which 12 were found dead, and the 70 remaining suffered from internal bleeding and/or fractures as a result of their capture. 83.3% of the fatalities occurred during nocturnal trawls, which comprise 30% of all observed trawls. Possible mechanisms of sea lion take are discussed. This note presents the first records of sea lions incidental by-catch by the trawler fleet along the south-east Pacific coast of Chile.

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Román, Catalina, Dante Queirolo, Claudio Bernal, Marcelo A. San Martín, and Victoria Escobar. "Bycatch reduction device in the Chilean hake (Merluccius gayi) bottom trawl fishery, using a rigid separation grid." Marine Policy 116 (June 2020): 103624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103624.

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32

Landaeta, Mauricio F., and Leonardo R. Castro. "Seasonal and annual variation in Chilean hake Merluccius gayi spawning locations and egg size off central Chile." Progress in Oceanography 92-95 (January 2012): 166–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2011.07.002.

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33

Queirolo, Dante, Teófilo Melo, Carlos Hurtado, Ivonne Montenegro, Erick Gaete, José Merino, Víctor Zamora, and Roberto Escobar. "Efecto del uso de paneles de escape de malla cuadrada sobre la reducción de peces juveniles en la pesquería de arrastre de merluza común (Merluccius gayi gayi)." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 36, no. 1 (May 31, 2008): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3856/vol36-issue1-fulltext-3.

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34

Ballón, Michael, Claudia Wosnitza-Mendo, Renato Guevara-Carrasco, and Arnaud Bertrand. "The impact of overfishing and El Niño on the condition factor and reproductive success of Peruvian hake, Merluccius gayi peruanus." Progress in Oceanography 79, no. 2-4 (October 2008): 300–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2008.10.016.

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35

Landaeta, Mauricio F., and Leonardo R. Castro. "Spawning and larval survival of the Chilean hake Merluccius gayi under later summer conditions in the Gulf of Arauco, central Chile." Fisheries Research 77, no. 1 (January 2006): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2005.08.006.

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36

Calle-Morán, Marcos D., and Felipe Galván-Magaña. "Diet composition and feeding habits of the pelagic thresher shark Alopias pelagicus in Eastern Central Pacific Ocean, Ecuadorian waters." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 100, no. 5 (July 15, 2020): 837–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315420000569.

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AbstractThe diet and feeding habits of the pelagic thresher shark Alopias pelagicus were analysed based on 104 stomachs (N = 84 females, 20 males) collected off Santa Rosa de Salinas, in the Ecuadorian Pacific. The sharks were caught between February 2008 and January 2009 in artisanal fisheries. The trophic spectrum of A. pelagicus included 19 prey items (10 cephalopods and 9 teleost fishes), the main four prey were the red flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii, jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas, the purpleback flying squid Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis and the South Pacific hake Merluccius gayi. The trophic niche was narrow (Bi = 0.2), thus the pelagic thresher could be considered a specialist predator. The analysis of dietary overlap showed high similarity between the diets of females and males (Cλ = 0.99), immature and mature females (Cλ = 0.81), immature and mature males (Cλ = 0.72), sizes of 141–230 cm TL and 231–321 cm TL (Cλ = 0.97), as well as sharks in rainy season and dry season (Cλ = 0.77). Using canonical of correspondence analysis (CCA), we found similarities in the diet for all categories recorded (sex: canonical r = 0.38, P = 0.97; sexual maturity stage: canonical r = 0.54, P = 0.31; sizes: canonical r = 0.55, P = 0.26; seasons of the year: canonical r = 0.61, P = 0.75). The trophic level estimated for A. pelagicus was 5.0, which is typical of top predators (quaternary consumers or tertiary carnivores).

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37

Tam, J., S. Purca, L. O. Duarte, V. Blaskovic, and P. Espinoza. "Changes in the diet of hake associated with El Niño 1997−1998 in the northern Humboldt Current ecosystem." Advances in Geosciences 6 (January 9, 2006): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-6-63-2006.

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Abstract. Hake (Merluccius gayi peruanus) predation plays an important role in the dynamics of the Humboldt Current ecosystem (HCE). Changes in the hake trophic habits associated with physical variability are expected to impact prey populations and to propagate through the food web. Time series (1995–2002) of (a) stomach contents of hake, (b) biomass estimations of fish prey species of hake, and (c) depth of the 15°C isotherm was analysed with the aim of exploring the impacts of El Niño 1997–1998 on the diet of hake. Biomass estimations of fish prey species were used to indicate resource availability, and depth of the 15°C isotherm to represent variability associated with the ENSO cycle in the physical environment of hake. The richness of prey species increased during the months when 15°C isotherm reached its deepest position, supporting the hypothesis of increased biodiversity (tropicalization) of the HCE during El Niño events. An increased variability in stomach fullness of hake was detected after 1999 which could indicate high heterogeneity in the food supply as a consequence of impacts of the warm event in the biotic community structure of the HCE, a physiological impairment of hake or an effect of the abrupt reduction in the mean total length of hake, postulated as a compensatory response to fishery pressure. Hake can be characterized as an opportunist predator according to the observed changes in its diet during 1995–2002. Overall, the diet of hake in the northern HCE exhibited transitory (e.g. increased richness of prey species in the stomach contents) and medium term (e.g. increased variability in feeding activity) responses associated with El Niño 1997–1998, which should be incorporated both in population dynamics and food web analyses.

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HERNANDEZ, CRISTIAN, RICARDO GALLEGUILLOS, and CIRO OYARZUN. "Diferenciación genética de Merluccius gayi gayi y Merluccius gayi peruanus (Pisces, Merlucciidae) y antecedentes paleogeográficos de su área de distribución." Revista chilena de historia natural 73, no. 1 (March 2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0716-078x2000000100003.

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39

Gálvez, Mauricio, and Hernán Rebolledo. "Estimating codend size selectivity of bottom trawlnet in Chilean hake (Merluccius gayi gayi) fishery." Investigaciones marinas 33, no. 2 (November 2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-71782005000200003.

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40

Gatica, Claudio, and Luis Cubillos. "Análisis talla-estructurado de los cambios de abundancia en Merluccius gayi gayi entre 1992 y 2000." Investigaciones marinas 32, no. 1 (2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-71782004000100006.

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41

Pérez, Montse, María Fernández-Míguez, Jesús Matallanas, Domingo Lloris, and Pablo Presa. "Phylogenetic prospecting for cryptic species of the genus Merluccius (Actinopterygii: Merlucciidae)." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (March 15, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85008-9.

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AbstractHakes of the genus Merluccius include 11 valid species as well a number of rare morphotypes suspected to be “cryptic species”. Concatenated nucDNA ITS1-rDNA and mtDNA cyt b sequences plus nested ITS1Nes sequences allowed to ascribe 14 specimens of nine rare morphotypes from the South Pacific and the South Atlantic to the phylogenetic backbone of this genus. Bayesian analyses pointed to M. bilinearis and M. albidus as the oldest species of the genus and the New World cluster, respectively. The phylogenetic status of M. angustimanus from the upper Gulf of California suggests its hybrid origin between M. gayi and M. productus from about 0.25 MYA, although an ever since confinement of a subset of those species cannot be ruled out. The molecular phylodiagnostic test suggests a common origin of all rare morphotypes and the absence of cryptic hake species in the Southern Cone. The molecular background of the morphotypes distributed between the Western Pacific South of New Zealand and the western Atlantic South of Argentina is compatible with their hybrid origin between M. gayi and both, M. australis or M. hubbsi, respectively.

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Cubillos, Luis A., Carolina Alarcón, and Hugo Arancibia. "Selectividad por tamaño de las presas en merluza común (Merluccius gayi gayi), zona centro-sur de Chile (1992-1997)." Investigaciones marinas 35, no. 1 (May 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-71782007000100005.

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43

Sobenes V., Catterina, Gabriela Burgos P., and Christian Díaz P. "Análisis operacional de dos flotas industriales en la pesquería de merluza común (Merluccius gayi gayi), región centro-sur de Chile." Investigaciones marinas 33, no. 2 (November 2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-71782005000200004.

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44

Chero, Jhon, Celso Cruces, José Iannacone, Gloria Sáez, Lorena Alvariño, and Alicia Diestro. "PREVALENCIA DE INFECCIÓN POR KUDOA PERUVIANA (MATEO, 1972) (MYXOSPOREA: KUDOIDAE) EN LA MUSCULATURA SOMÁTICA DE LA MERLUZA PERUANA MERLUCCIUS GAYI PERUANUS (GINSBURG, 1954) (PERCIFORMES: MERLUCCIIDAE) DE LA COSTA CENTRAL DEL PERÚ." Neotropical Helminthology 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.24039/rnh201591781.

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El género Kudoa presenta parásitos de peces marinos que producen una intensa histólisis muscular, que consiste en el ablandamiento y licuefacción de los tejidos musculares. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar la prevalencia de infección de Kudoa peruviana en la musculatura somática de la “Merluza peruana” Merluccius gayi peruanus de la costa central del Perú. 62 especímenes de M. gayi peruanus fueron adquiridos durante los meses de enero y febrero del 2014 en el Terminal Pesquero de Ventanilla, Callao, Perú. El examen en cada pez hospedero consistió en la búsqueda exhaustiva, contabilización y registro de quistes de K. peruviana en la musculatura somática. La prevalencia, intensidad media y abundancia media de K. peruviana fue de 59,67%, 241,62 y 144,19, respectivamente. Las hembras presentaron mayores valores de prevalencia que los machos. Se encontró correlación entre la talla del hospedero versus la prevalencia y abundancia de K. peruviana. No se observó diferencias entre los valores del factor de condición relativo (k ) entre parasitados y no parasitados, entre machos y n hembras, y entre los rangos de tallas de M. gayi peruanus. La comparación entre los valores de prevalencia de K. peruviana en M. gayi peruanus en 1971-1972 versus 2014 en la zona costera del Callao, nos muestra diferencias significativas para el total de hospederos, para las hembras y para las tallas de hospederos (talla ≤ 33 cm y talla ≥ 33,1 cm). Sin embargo, para la prevalencia en 1977-1978 versus 2014 nos muestran diferencias significativas solamente en las hembras y en el rango de talla ≤ 33 cm. Se comparan los valores de prevalencia de Kudoa en 16 hospederos teleósteos sudamericanos, observándose que la familia Merlucciidae y M. gayi peruanus presentan la mayor cantidad de estudios realizados.

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Payá Contreras, Ignacio. "Optimal Environmental Window and Positive Effects of `El Niño' Events on Recruitment and Sustainability of Common Hake (Merluccius gayi gayi) off Central Chile." Investigaciones marinas 30, no. 1 (August 7, 2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-71782002030100075.

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46

Vargas, Cristian, Guillermo Valenzuela, Sergio Núñez, and Dagoberto Arcos. "Mortalidad natural de larvas de merluza común (Merluccius gayi gayi) frente a Chile centro-sur en relación a su distribución espacial y grado de agregación." Investigaciones marinas 24 (1996). http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-71781996002400002.

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47

Chero, Jhon, Celso Cruces, José Iannacone, Gloria Sáez, Lorena Alvariño, Cynthia Rodríguez, Hazel Rodríguez, Eduardo Tuesta, Angélica Pacheco, and Nila Huamani. "ÍNDICES PARASITOLÓGICOS DE LA MERLUZA PERUANA MERLUCCIUS GAYI PERUANUS (GINSBURG, 1954) (PERCIFORMES: MERLUCCIIDAE) ADQUIRIDOS DEL TERMINAL PESQUERO DE VENTANILLA, CALLAO, PERÚ." Neotropical Helminthology 8, no. 1 (February 6, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.24039/rnh201481907.

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La “Merluza peruana” Merluccius gayi peruanus (Ginsburg, 1954), es la especie más abundante y económicamente importante en la pesquería de arrastre de fondo en el Perú. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar los índices parasitológicos de la merluza peruana M. gayi peruanus procedentes del Terminal Pesquero de Ventanilla durante los meses de enero a febrero del 2014. Se recogieron los parásitos, se fijaron, preservaron y se cuantificaron mediante procedimientos estandarizados. Se colectó un total de quince especies parásitas, con una abundancia media total y de riqueza de especies de 1,55 y 0,90. Los ectoparásitos estuvieron representados por el monogeneo Anthocotyle americana y los copépodos Caligus debueni, y Neobrachiella insidiosa pacifica. Los endoparásitos por los digeneos Aporocotyle wilhelmi, Derogenes varicus y Lecithochirium genypteri. Los cestodos fueron Diphyllobothrium pacificum, Diphyllobothrium arctocephalinum, Callitetrarhynchus gracilis, Grillotia dollfusi y Clestobothrium crassiceps. Los nematodos se identificaron como Anisakis simplex y Contracaecum sp. Los acantocefalos corresponden a Corynosoma obtuscens y Bolbosoma sp. Clestobothrium crassiceps, A. wilhelmi, A. americana y A. simplex presentaron la mayor frecuencia de dominancia. La prevalencia y abundancia media de C. crassiceps estuvo asociada con la longitud total del hospedero. Solo A. wilhelmi, presentó valores de factor de condición de la merluza peruana más altos en los peces no parasitados. Los índices de interactividad (CC ) de ectoparásitos y endoparásitos mostraron que 50 las comunidades parasitarias fueron mayormente no interactivas o aisladas. Los cuatro estimadores no paramétricos Chao-2, Jacknife-1, Jacknife-2 y Bootstrap para determinar la riqueza de especies parasitas indicaron que se requiere aumentar el esfuerzo de muestreo en la merluza peruana.

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Garcia-Sepulveda, Giselle. "Negative binomial distribution to describe the presence of Trifur tortuosus (Crustacea: Copepoda) in Merluccius gayi (Osteichthyes: Gadiformes)." Sustainability, Agri, Food and Environmental Research 5, no. 2 (July 24, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.7770/safer-v5n2-art1215.

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Alarcón, Carolina, Luis Cubillos, and Ciro Oyarzún. "Influencia del tamaño de la hembra en la duración e intensidad de la actividad reproductiva de Merluccius gayi gayi en la zona centro-sur de Chile." Investigaciones marinas 32, no. 2 (November 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-71782004000200005.

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Cerna, José F., and Ciro Oyarzún. "Talla de primera madurez sexual y fecundidad parcial de la merluza común (Merluccius gayi, Guichenot 1848) del área de la pesquería industrial de la zona de Talcahuano, Chile." Investigaciones marinas 26 (1998). http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-71781998002600004.

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