Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mésozoïque'
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Kydonakis, Konstantinos. "Tectonique mésozoïque de l’Egée." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S151/document.
Full textThis study is based around a multidisciplinary approach that aims to unravel different aspects of the tectonics of North Aegean. For that purpose we have selected to study the Chalkidiki block using a variety of geological methods. 1) We carried out several field mapping campaigns measuring the geometry of structural fabrics. An overview of the regional geometry is given in the compiled regional maps that illustrate the attitude of the measured planar and linear structural fabrics. 2) We evaluated the intensity of the metamorphic conditions using isochemical phase diagram sections calculated by minimisation of the Gibbs free energy. Based on our model results, we inferred the existence of an early eclogite-facies event before the regional amphibolite-facies overprint. 3) We performed high- (U/Pb in zircon and monazite) and medium-temperature (40Ar/39Ar on micas) geochronology coupled with low-temperature thermochronology and inverse thermal history modelling using a Bayesian transdimensional inversion scheme. The modelling results delineated the complete thermal path (T-t) of the study area from Cretaceous heating to Eocene near surface exposure. 4) We modelled the Tertiary geological evolution of the North Aegean with reference to the exhumation of the lower crust during core complex formation. Using scaled laboratory experiments we tested whether the gravity spreading of a crustal-scale thrust wedge that undergoes extension is a suitable process for the development of the Rhodopean core complexes during the early opening of the Aegean. Our analysis suggests that strain localisation and core complex development near the backstop of the area affected by extension is intrinsic to the pre-collapse geometry of the orogenic wedge
Quesne, Hervé. "Evolution sédimentaire et paléostructurale du mésozoïque dans la partie méridionale du bassin d'Estrémadure (Portugal)." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO10130.
Full textHardy, Clément. "Evolution tectonique du domaine levantin depuis le mésozoïque." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066449.
Full textCharles-Moreau, Nicolas. "Mécanismes de l'extension continentale au Mésozoïque en Asie de l'Est." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00604173.
Full textCharles, Nicolas. "Mécanismes de l'extension continentale au Mésozoïque en Asie de l'Est." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00557597.
Full textHeilbronn, Gloria. "Évolution paléogéographique et paléotopographique du Tian Shan Chinois au Mésozoïque." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S112/document.
Full textThe Tian Shan is an intracontinental range located in Central Asia. The structure of the range formed during the Paleozoic through the accretion of several blocks. Recently the range has been reactivated due to far-field effects of the collision between India and Asia. The topographic and tectonic evolution of the range in-between these two major relief-building phases (Late Paleozoic and Cenozoic) is still poorly understood. Two different approaches are combined in this work, in order to determine the Mesozoic topographic evolution of the area, in a qualitative way.The Late-Paleozoic range has been progressively eroded until the Upper Triassic/Lower Jurassic. Tectonic activity was relatively quiet during the Jurassic characterised by low exhumation rates. We suggest that the tectonic regime was dominated by transtension in the Tian Shan area. This period is linked to a regional peneplanation in Central Asia. At the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary, the occurrence of alluvial fan deposits shows a reactivation of the range, though not strong enough to be recorded by low-temperature thermochronology. This period is characterised by an overall extensional tectonic regime all over Central Asia, with the opening of the Caspian Basin further west. It precedes the phase of very slow exhumation that occurs during the Lower Cretaceous. From 100 Ma and during the Upper Cretaceous, the range is progressively reactivated. We suggest that this correspond to a delayed answer of the Lhassa bloc collision (140 - 120 Ma). Around 65 - 60 Ma, a new phase of rapid exhumation attests of a stronger reactivation, localised along the major faults. This is contemporary of bloc collisions along the south-west margin of Asia, such as the Kohistan Block, the Dras arc or the Afghan Block. In the Tian Shan area, the development of calcrete features in the Paleocene suggests the end of tectonic activity, before the new reactivation in the Neogene.The combination of low temperature thermochronology on the basement rocks and facies sedimentology in the various basins indicate that while during the Mesozoic, the Palaeo-Tian Shan topography generally flattens, some small-scale tectonic events driven by far-field effects of major geodynamic processes around the edges of Asia did occur. However, those tectonic movements did not induce enough exhumation to be recorded by low temperature thermochronometers. Only the sediment record allows their detection and detailed description
Galisson, Hélène. "L'évolution de la circulation dans l'Atlantique sud et central au cours du Mésozoïque." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066386.
Full textBrito, Paulo Marques Machado. "Révision des Aspidorhynchidae (Pisces, Actinopterygii) du Mésozoïque : ostéologie et relations phylogénétiques." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MNHN0008.
Full textBillon-Bruyat, Jean-Paul. "Les écosystèmes margino-littoraux du jurassique terminal et du crétacé basal d'Europe occidentale : biodiversité, biogéochimie et l'événement biotique de la limite Jurassique/Crétacé." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT2315.
Full textThe margino-littoral Lagerstätten from the latest Jurassic and the earliest Cretaceous of western Europe are famous for the Tetrapods they contain. This work presents the first synthetic and quantified comparison of the tetrapod assemblages of these Lagerstätten at western Europe scale. Seven are historically known: Guimarota, Solothurn, Cerin, Solnhofen, Canjuers, Montrouge and the Purbeck Limestone Group. This work adds new assemblages from three sites, resulting from systematic excavations: Crayssac (Tithonian, France), Chassiron (Tithonian, France) et Cherves-de-Cognac (Berriasian, France). The living environment of some Tetrapods is tested using isotopic biogeochemistry. The comparison shows that assemblages are more or less the picture of margino-littoral ecosystems. This work also emphasizes that studies of past biodiversity at the family level mask our view of species bahviour through time out of mass extinctions
Michaud, François. "Stratigraphie et paléogéographie du Mésozoïque du Chiapas (sud est du Mexique)." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066722.
Full textClaude, Dominique. "Etude stratigraphique, sédimentologique et structurale des dépôts mésozoïques au nord du massif du Labourd : rôle de la faille de Pamplona, Pays Basque." Bordeaux 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR30201.
Full textAl, Abdalla Abdulkarim. "Evolution tectonique de la plate-forme arabe en Syrie depuis le Mésozoïque." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066267.
Full textClaudel, Marie-Elisabeth. "Reconstitution paléogéographique du domaine briançonnais au Mésozoïque : ouvertures océaniques et raccourcissements croisés." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00509949.
Full textClaudel, Marie-Elisabeth. "Reconstitution paléogéographique du domaine briançonnais au Mésozoïque : ouvertures océaniques et raccourcissements croisés." Grenoble 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10041.
Full textKusiak, Maria Elena. "Le mésozoïque du système Subandin de Bolivie : évolution sédimentaire et synthèse du bassin." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00690400.
Full textDaoudene, Yannick. "La tectonique extensive en Mongolie orientale au Mésozoïque supérieur - modalités et implications géodynamiques." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00818050.
Full textDaoudène, Yannick. "La tectonique extensive en Mongolie orientale au Mésozoïque supérieur : modalités et implications géodynamiques." Rennes 1, 2011. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00818050.
Full textIn late Mesozoic times, Eastern Asia was affected by a large-scale extensional event that extended from Transbaikalia to the NW to northeastern China to the SE. However, before this work, extensional deformation of the eastern Mongolian basement was not documented. Thus the aim of this study was to describe the modes of extension that marked eastern Mongolia. Through structural analyses of three representative regions at the scale of eastern Mongolia, we show that extension is marked by exhumation of a metamorphic core complex, emplacement of syn-thinning granite intrusions, and development of a horst and graben system. Numerous geochronological data (obtained from U-Pb on zircons, U-Th-Pb on monazites and xenotimes, and 40Ar/39Ar on micas and amphiboles) constrain the exhumation of the metamorphic core complex and the emplacement of the granite intrusions between ca. 138 Ma and 125 Ma. This time range appears similar to that generally attributed for the deposition of syn-rifts series within overlying basins and to those available for exhumation of metamorphic core complexes in the adjacent regions. We further propose that extension resulted from a major change in kinematic of the paleo-Pacific domains around 140-135 triggering the horizontal spreading of the abnormally hot eastern Asian continental lithosphere. Finally, on the basis of field observations and geochronological arguments, we suggest that extension might have favoured the onset of transfers of uranium-rich fluids from the basement to the overlying basins
Vignaud, Patrick. "Les thalattosuchia, crocodiles marins du mésozoïque : systématique phylogénétique, paléoécologie, biochronologie et implications paléogéographiques." Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2272.
Full textCensier, Claude. "Dynamique sédimentaire d'un système fluviatile diamantifère mésozoïque : la formation de Carnot (République centrafricaine)." Dijon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989DIJOS036.
Full textShahidi, Alireza. "Evolution tectonique du nord de l'Iran (Alborz et Kopet-Dagh) depuis le Mésozoïque." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066249.
Full textKusiak, Maria Elena. "Le mésozoïque du système Subandin de Bolivie : évolution sédimentaire et synthèse du bassin." Grenoble 1, 2009. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00690400.
Full textIn Bolivia, the Mesozoic is located in the Subandine belt, East of the Andean Cordillera. It is mainly represented by continental sequences described as local formations, without any tentative correlation between the various area. In this work, we show that the Mesozoic characterize two different basins formed in rifting context. The Villamontes basin, located in the Southern part of the Subandine, began its evolution during Middle/Late Triassic and developped during Jurassic times. In the Northern Subandine the Santa Cruz basin was active during Cretaceous. The basal sequence of the Subandine Mesozoic is restricted to the Villamontes basin where the red sediments of the Ipaguazu Fm represent the basal part of the synrift deposits, overlain by tholeiitic basaltic lava flows (Entre Rios Fm) of Toarcian age (181,5 ± 0,90 My by Ar/Ar method). The overlying Tapueca and Castellon Fms characterise a synrift regime contemporaneous to a period of thermal subsidence. The geometry of the various contacts underlines the dissymmetry of the basin. Fms Ichoa and Beu represent the prerift deposits in the Northern Subandine, and are overlain by synrift Yantata and Eslabon Fms that underline the Northward migration of the extensional processes during the Mesozoic. In correspondence with the location of the Santa Cruz depocenter, the synrift deposits are represented by the basal sequence of the Cajones Fm ; the upper part of the Cajones Fm and its northern equivalent, the Flora Fm, characterize the final step of the thermal subsidence. In the area of the Boomerang, these formations have been affected by an important erosion, well known as the 'pretertiary unconformity'
Staïs, Antonios. "Evolution géodynamique des bassins mésozoïques vardariens : domaines de Péonias et d'Almopias, Hellénides internes (Macédoine centrale, Grèce)." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10194.
Full textNomade, Sébastien. "Evolution géodynamique des cratons des Guyanes et d'Afrique de l'Ouest : apport des données paléomagnétiques, géochronologiques (40 Ar / 39 Ar) et géochimiques en Guyane et Côte d'Ivoire." Orléans, 2001. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002336.
Full textAllain, Ronan. "Les Megalosauridae (Dinosauria, Theropoda) : Nouvelle découverte et révision systématique : implications phylogénétiques et paléobiogéographiques." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MNHN0011.
Full textLemonnier, Nicolas. "Evolution géodynamique et paléogéographique mésozoïque du nord de l'Alaska : du bassin amérasien à l'orogenèse brookienne." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066650/document.
Full textThe Canadian basin is among the few basins worldwide for which the nature and the geometry of the substratum, and therefore the opening mode, are still unknown. Paleogeographic models based on the few data available are subject to controversy, with different mechanisms and inception ages. According to current paleogeographic models, the margins of Canadian basin either considered as extensional or transform margins. Detailed study of their structures and chronologies is a preliminary exercise to discriminate between permissible models. The most sollicited opening model assumes a change of polarity of the overall subduction south to the canadian basin during the multiphase Brookian orogeny. The Brooks orogen is located north of the alaskan peninsula and south of the canadian basin. It constitutes one of the main assembly stage of terranes in the Northern Cordillera : docking of the Arctic-Alaska-Chukotka terrane with the peri-Pacific arcs system. Its collisional stage is deemed synchronous of the opening of the Canada Basin, which is likely to provide clues about the coupling between tectonics of the north basin and intra-Alaska Cordillera deformation. This orogen has both recorded and influenced the geodynamic history of the Canadian basin. The relative chronology of the development of the two structures is essential and any reconstruction of regional geodynamics must reconcile them in terms of kinematics and boundary conditions
Lemonnier, Nicolas. "Evolution géodynamique et paléogéographique mésozoïque du nord de l'Alaska : du bassin amérasien à l'orogenèse brookienne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066650.
Full textThe Canadian basin is among the few basins worldwide for which the nature and the geometry of the substratum, and therefore the opening mode, are still unknown. Paleogeographic models based on the few data available are subject to controversy, with different mechanisms and inception ages. According to current paleogeographic models, the margins of Canadian basin either considered as extensional or transform margins. Detailed study of their structures and chronologies is a preliminary exercise to discriminate between permissible models. The most sollicited opening model assumes a change of polarity of the overall subduction south to the canadian basin during the multiphase Brookian orogeny. The Brooks orogen is located north of the alaskan peninsula and south of the canadian basin. It constitutes one of the main assembly stage of terranes in the Northern Cordillera : docking of the Arctic-Alaska-Chukotka terrane with the peri-Pacific arcs system. Its collisional stage is deemed synchronous of the opening of the Canada Basin, which is likely to provide clues about the coupling between tectonics of the north basin and intra-Alaska Cordillera deformation. This orogen has both recorded and influenced the geodynamic history of the Canadian basin. The relative chronology of the development of the two structures is essential and any reconstruction of regional geodynamics must reconcile them in terms of kinematics and boundary conditions
Levert, Josiane. "Répartition géographique des minéraux argileux dans les sédiments mésozoïques du bassin subalpin : mise en évidence d'une diagenèse complexe." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO10014.
Full textYang, Zhengyu. "Contraintes paléomagnétiques sur l'histoire géodynamique de l'Asie du Sud-Est : les apports de l'étude paléomagnétique du Mésozoïque des blocs de Chine du nord, Chine du sud et Indochine." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA077208.
Full textBéthoux, Olivier. "Évolution des Archaeorthoptera (Insecta: Neoptera) du paléozoïque supérieur au mésozoïque inférieur : diversité taxonomique, disparité morphologique, paléoécologie." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MNHN0035.
Full textThe first known crises that concerned the winged insects, between the Late Carboniferous and the Middle Triassic, are studied after the supra-ordinal clade Archaeorthoptera. We propose homologies of the wing venation, a revised taxonomy, and a phylogenetic hypothesis. The taxonomic diversity is studied after the count of the known species. The morphological disparity is related to the flight modes and the stridulatory apparatuses. At the Carboniferous - Permian boundary, the specific relative taxonomic diversity changes from 5 to 70%, which seems to be related to contemporaneous changes in biota. The Permian - Triassic boundary is marked by the extinction of the order Caloneurodea, which has a high morphological disparity. The Triassic insects possessing a stridulatory apparatus (Ensifera and Titanoptera) have a high taxonomic diversity. The evolution of the Archaeorthoptera is marked by modifications of biotopes and by several innovations acquired within the group
Rowe, Alison J. "Conservation exceptionnelle des tissus mous de céphalopodes coléoïdes mésozoïques : les clés d’une histoire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS574.pdf.
Full textColeoids (cuttlefish, squid, and octopuses) represent 99% of the 800 species of modern cephalopods and play key roles in modern marine ecosystems. Their bodies are predominantly composed of soft tissues that rarely preserve in the fossil record. As such, the great majority of fossil coleoid remains are in fact rigid elements, such as the gladius (comparable to a squid pen), rather than the soft anatomical characters that form the basis of modern coleoid systematics. This means that the ecology of fossil taxa, and the relationships between fossil and modern clades remain unclear. In turn, determining proper dating of the origination of modern clades, and their shifts to paleo- and modern ecological niches, remains a major challenge for reconstructing their evolutionary history. In exceptional preservation deposits (Lagerstätten), coleoid soft parts do fossilize. The increasing capabilities of high-resolution, non-destructive imaging techniques (µCT, XRF, RTI), opens up new avenues for improving the resolution of anatomical data from these fossilized specimens, advancing our understanding around these questions. The aim of this thesis is to use these techniques to improve our knowledge of the systematics and ecology of coleoids at key periods in their evolutionary history. It focuses on coleoids from two sites with very different environments and preservation conditions: The Callovian-aged La Voulte-sur-Rhône (France), which represents a bathyal ecosystem where body fossils were preserved in 3D with pyrite and apatite, and the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian and Santonian) outcrops in Lebanon where coleoids were compressed within thin shallow marine limestone layers and their soft tissues were fossilized as 2D imprints. CT and Synchrotron X-ray microtomography analyses performed on multiple specimens of Vampyronassa rhodanica from La Voulte-sur-Rhône, allowed a re-examination of its external and internal morphology. Comparisons with other fossils and the extant relative Vampyroteuthis infernalis demonstrate that some key Vampyroteuthidae characters, such as its unique type of sucker attachment, were already present in the Jurassic. In addition, many characters in V. rhodanica indicate a pelagic predatory lifestyle, which is totally distinct from the deep-sea habitat of Vampyroteuthis. Investigation of the specimens assigned to V. rhodanica also led to the recognition of a new taxon, Vampyrofugiens atramentum. The presence of an ink sac and internal luminous organs in this new taxon is a pattern which is unknown in other fossil taxa, and raises questions about this organism's way of life. Dorateuthis syriaca, a key coleoid species from the Lebanese deposits, was re-appraised using a combination of high-resolution imaging techniques and comprehensive morphological measurements. This study was conducted on 54 individuals (including the holotype), making it the largest of its kind for D. syriaca. It allowed for a reappraisal of the species and holotype anatomy, and provided new systematic and ecological information. Morphological variations observed in the gladius were not determined to be site-dependent, rather suggest a greater intraspecific variability than previously assumed. This result raises questions about the definition of these characters in phylogenetic analyses. The overall results show that coleoids achieved a high level of ecological diversity as early as the Jurassic, and played an important role in marine ecosystems during the Mesozoic. The level of anatomical detail observed (muscular organization of the arms, elements of the nervous system) opens up new perspectives for comparisons between modern and fossil , and paves the way for better integration of this high resolution data into phylogenetic and paleoecological reconstructions
Bureau, Dominique. "Approche sédimentaire de la dynamique structurale : évolution mésozoïque et devenir tertiaire de la partie septentrionale du fossé présaharien (Sud-Ouest constantinois et Aurès, Algérie)." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066358.
Full textBen, Ayed Noureddine. "L'évolution tectonique de l'avant-pays de la chaîne alpine de Tunisie du début du Mésozoïque à l'Actuel." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 1986. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01009784.
Full textLiu, Hongsheng. "Mécanisme du magmatisme mésozoïque supérieur (jurassique-crétacé inférieur) en Chine du Sud et les implications en géodynamique." Thesis, Orléans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ORLE2071/document.
Full textThe Mesozoic geology of the South China Block (SCB) is marked by widespread magmatism. Disputes exist on magma genesis, tectonic and geodynamic contexts. The tectonic setting of the Jurassic magmatism is poorly investigated. 41 Jurassic plutons were investigated and the Qitianling and Shibei plutons were selected for detailed studies. Our study shows that the emplacement of J plutons is not related to regional tectonics. The granite textures are magmatic, devoid of post-solidus deformation. The magma emplacement is controlled by its buoyancy and the inherited structures or stratigraphic interfaces of country rocks. Gravity modeling reveals that the Qitianling pluton is a lopolith intruded in the stratigraphic uniformity and the Shibei pluton formed by dike-accretion intruded in a vertical tectonic structure. The fabric measurements on different Jurassic plutons show that the regional tectonics do not control their emplacement. Paleomagnetic results from the two contemporaneous plutons show a relative movement, implying that this block cannot be considered as a rigid one. Our results show that the Jurassic was a tectonically quiet epoch in our study area. There granites are mainly derived from partial melting of lower crust. The Triassic subduction-collison events that have trickened the continental crust are responsible for the Jurassic magmatism. Due to the high rigidity contrast of the SCB, the deformation was localized on its SE part. The crustal thickening may increase the thermal contribution of the mantle, but few mantle materials are observed. So, the slab subduction or intracontinental rifting models are not supported by our studies
Ortuno, Arzate Felipe. "Evolution sédimentaire mésozoïque du bassin rift de Chihuahua le long d'une transversale Aldama-Ojinaga (Mexique) : implications géodynamiques." Pau, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PAUU1021.
Full textGonzalez-Montilla, Leonardo Enrique. "Analyse structurale et évolution tectonique des Andes vénézuéliennes nord orientales." Pau, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PAUU3022.
Full textThe northeastern part of The Mérida Andes shows a consecution of complex tectonic events. There, they were recorded successively: (1) the Jurassic rifting with formation of NE - SW grabens in which the red sediments of the La Quinta Formation were deposited; (2) the Caribbean orogeny (the last superior Cretaceous at the early Oligocene) with the remobilization of the Lara napes to their current position. This phase is characterized by the presence of orientation N070ʿ to N150ʿE; (3) the Fm. Morán and the Caribbean's units were removed and displaced toward the ESE at the moment of the compression ESE - WNW that could correspond to the phase N105ʿE of Stéphan (1982), previous to the middle Miocene; (4) the Andean phase, NE - SW to NNW - SSE that begins in the Miocene. This last is responsible for the birth of the NE - SW folds that sometimes comes from the reactivation of Jurassic grabens. Close to the right slip subverticales fault, the efforts turns or they change their orientation in anti timetable to arrive to N100ʿE. The relays of the strike-slip fault or their change in direction believe transpression areas (structures in flower) or in transtension (rhomboedric basins); (5) between the El Empedrado and Boconó faults, the present constraint is oriented NNE - SSW, having for consequence to reverse the game of the subverticales accidents (senestrals, then dextrals). The important difference created along the basins in transtension NE - SW transtension of the La Pastora drags a flexure of the covering and the formation of the San Pedro "drapage" folds. To the north of the Boconó fault and the east of the Valera fault, Trujillo's block is cut in several compartments by subverticales left strike-slip faults. Our field observations inside these compartments and in their limit, as well as the taken slip vectors of the focal mechanisms of earthquakes, they confirm that Trujillo's block escapes laterally toward the north or the northeast. To the east of the El Empedrado fault, this movement lateral is counteracting for the presence of the Caribbean napes more to the north
Kargl, Sabine. "Le bassin du Marulk pendant le mésozoi͏̈que : le Viking Graben nord et la zone faillée du Møre-Trøndelag (mer du nord)." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA112384.
Full textThis study integrates sequence stratigraphy, biostratigraphic, seismic, structural, seismic facies and attribute analysis. The data consist of 2D and 3D reflection seismic and wells furnished by Exxon-Mobil Norway and SAGA Petroleum. The investigated Marulk Basin is located at the intersection between northernmost part of the North Viking Graben and the More-Trondelag Fault Zone (MTFZ) on the northeast Atlantic margin. The Marulk Basin at the northern termination of the northern North Sea evolved as a rift basin during the middle/late Jurassic, but has also a poly-phase extensional history during the Cretaceous. This particularity with respect to other North Viking Graben sub-basins is due to its location at the boundary between the northern North Sea and the Atlantic margin. This interplay between two different styles of extensional tectonics gives the overall direction for the major aim for the study of the Marulk Basin: the overprint of the North Sea and North Atlantic structural developments, the tectono-stratigraphic basin evolution from middle Jurassic to lower Tertiary and the modalities concerning the pre-, syn- and post-rift sedimentation in the Marulk Basin. The second aim was to build depositional models of Jurassic, Cretaceous and lower Tertiary key sequences associated with erosional surfaces in the Marulk Basin through seismic facies and attribute analyses. The selected surfaces are the Kimmeridgian Unconformity, Base Cretaceous Unconformity, Latest Albian and Mid Cenomanian Unconformity, Cretaceous/Tertiary Unconformity and the Ypresian Unconformity. Seismic facies and attribute analyses of these sequences are integrated in the sequence stratigraphic and structural framework. These analyses support the recognition, identification and delineation of seismic facies in order to characterize stratigraphic and geological features for these intervals. Depositional models improve the delineation of areas that could be of interest for hydrocarbon exploration
Helm, Catherine. "Quantification des flux sédimentaires anciens à l’échelle d’un continent : le cas de l’Afrique au Méso-Cénozoïque." Rennes 1, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00483799.
Full textDeformation and climate are two known factors controlling relief erosion and the terrigeneous sedimentary flux preserved in downstream basins. In order to discuss the relative influence of both factors, we developed a method based on the integration of seismic lines from litterature in a 3D-model to quantify the volume preserved in passive margins, at a few Myr resolution, at continental scale, and over long periods of time (x 100 Myr). We also estimated errors associated with these quantifications. We applied this method along the West-African margin and corrected the results from the carbonate/ evaporite contribution to reach a terrigeneous volume. We obtained the evolution of terrigeneous sedimentary rate, showing that the deformation is the most important sedimentation accumulation trigger i) during rifting when rift shoulders are eroded and ii) during post-rift evolution when the continental domain is uplifted. Climate seems to highlight the uplift effect by runoff augmentation
Broustet, Jean-Michel. "Etude du magmatisme mésozoïque anorogénique de la province des White Mountains (Nouvelle-Angleterre, Etats-Unis) : ses relations avec l'ouverture de l'Océan Atlantique." Bordeaux 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR30018.
Full textEtheve, Nathalie. "Le bassin de Valence à la frontière des domaines ibérique et méditerranéen : évolution tectonique et sédimentaire du mésozoïque au cénozoïque." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CERG0884/document.
Full textThe Valencia Basin, located east of Iberia and separated from the Algerian Basin by the Balearic promontory, underwent a poly-phased tectonic evolution in space and time. The Cenozoic evolution of the basin has been widely discussed, the most classical interpretation being an Oligo-Miocene aborted back-arc basin. However, this extensional tectonic regime postdated several rifting events from the Permian to the Lower Cretaceous. This older evolution remains poorly understood offshore, despite its influence on the tectonic inheritance of the basin. The Columbrets Basin, in the southernmost part of the Valencia Basin, exhibits a thick Mesozoic sequence that was considered to belong to an undifferentiated “acoustic basement”. Hence, the Columbrets Basin is a key study area to unravel the successive Mesozoic to Cenozoic tectonic events in Eastern Iberia and Western Mediterranean.Our study integrates onshore and offshore data to better constrain (1) the Cenozoic tectonic processes that led to the current morphology of the southern Valencia Basin and the Western Mediterranean (2) the sedimentary records Mesozoic extensional to hyper-extensional processes and (3) the importance of the halokinesis in the sedimentary and tectonic architectures.Ibiza Island, located on the southernmost part of the Balearic Promontory, questions the standard tectonic agenda of the area and its integration in the Western Mediterranean geodynamic frame. The Oligo-Miocene rifting phase described in the Valencia basin is initiated by the European Cenozoic Rift System (ECRIS) and has been observed in Ibiza. This event is followed by a Middle Miocene contractional phase reactivating the inherited normal faults. The comparison with the tectonic history of the Kabylies in Algeria shows that this stage that does not affect the Algeria basin, results from the convergence between Europe and Africa. A set of retro-tectonic maps integrates these events in the geodynamic context of West Mediterranean.The Mesozoic units were studied onshore and offshore (using drilling and seismic data); it reveals several rifting phases from the Permian to the Lower Cretaceous. A major Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous event was responsible for the deposition of the thick sequence present in the Columbrets Basin. This tectonic event led to the opening of the southern part of the north Atlantic but is also at the origin of several Iberian or peri-iberian basins such as Maestrat, Cameros, or Parentis basins.A major crustal thinning has been observed underneath the thick Mesozoic sequence, reducing the crustal thickness to 5 km. The proposed extensional and even hyper-extensional mechanism used a NW dipping detachment fault rooting deeply into the layered lower crust. A 3D geometrical model of the structures illustrates the evolution of the Columbrets Basin.The sedimentary architecture of this basin is also controlled by salt movements from their deposition during the Late Triassic to current times. The northern part of the Basin is characterized by salt movements mainly linked to the extensional deformations of the area. South of the Betics Front, the salt is remobilized by compressional deformations. The geometry and the location of the salt structures described onshore and offshore depend on the initial thickness of the salt in the basin; this observation gives evidence for the paleogeography of the Keuper sequences in the south of Valencia Basin.Finally, this study documents the mechanisms leading to the formation of intracontinental basins and especially the relationships between hyperextension, sedimentary filling and halokinesis. On the other hand, our study allows a better integration of the southern part of the Balearic Promontory and Valencia Basin in the geodynamic frame of the West Mediterranean
Xue, Zhenhua. "Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the Longmenshan thrust belt, East Tibet." Thesis, Orléans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ORLE2020/document.
Full textThe Longmenshan Thrust Belt (LMTB), constituting the eastern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau, is well known by its steep topography, intensive tectonic activities and the complicated structures. As a typical composite orogen, the LMTB experienced extensive intracontinental deformation during the Mesozoic. The knowledge on the Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the LMTB therefore is crucial to understand the intracontinental orogeny and uplifting of the Plateau. The vertical cleavage belt divides the LMTB into a Western Zone and an Eastern Zone. The Eastern Zone displays a top-to-the-SE shearing while the western zone a top-to-the-NW shearing. The Eastern Zone can be further divided into four subunits with foliations deepening from SE to NW. The syntectonic granite and published geochronologic data constrain this main deformation to the Early Mesozoic around 219 Ma. Structural analysis, AMS and microstructural study and gravity modeling on the Pengguan complex, one of the orogen-parallel Neoproterozoic complexes located in the middle segment of the LMTB, reveal a basement-slice imbricated structure of the LMTB and adjacent areas. Published ages, localized fast exhumation rate and flexural subsidence of the foreland basin suggest that the basement-slices imbricated southeastwards during Late Mesozoic (166-120 Ma). The LMTB is far away from the contemporaneous plate boundary and devoid of ophiolite-related material, therefore, it is supposed to be an intracontinental orogen. During the Early Mesozoic, the Yangtze basement underthrusted westwards due to the far-field effect of the Paleo-Tethys’ obliteration, and the materials in different structural levels have been exhumated to the surface by southeastward thrusting and contemporaneous backward thrusting. During the Late Mesozoic, the basement is further underthrusted due to the collision between the Lhasa and Eurasia blocks, which led to SE-ward imbrication of the basementslices that may thicken the crust
Kenjo, Samer. "Biostratigraphie intégrée à nannofossiles calcaires et ammonoïdes : développement et implications pour la définition et la valorisation des stratotypes d’unité et de limite. L’exemple des étages Berriasien et Valanginien et de leur limite (~140 Millions d’années)." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10156.
Full textThe integrated biostratigraphic study of ammonites and calcareous nannofossils in three sections from SE France (Vergol, Courchons, and Berrias) allowed a solid new biozonation scheme to be proposed here. This study should enable us to strengthen the proposition of the Vergol section as GSSP for the lower boundary of Valanginian. Concerning ammonites, an intensive exploitation bed by bed coupled to a taxonomic revision of all groups have shown a faunal renewal and brought to the proposal of a new zonal scheme. The Upper Berriasian is characterized in its upper part by a new zone, the Alpillensis zone, which replaces the upper part of the Boisseri zone sensu Le Hégarat. The Alpillensis zone is subdivided into two subzones, Alpillensis and Otopeta. For the Lower Valanginian, the Pertransiens (with the introduction of two new subzones, Premolicus and Salinarium) and Neocomiensiformis zones have been recognized. Concerning calcareous nannofossils, many events are recorded across the Berriasian/Valanginian boundary, underlying a major change in the assemblages as indicated by Principal Component Analysis. These changes are very likely linked to sea level changes. In fact, a major regression occurred in the Alpillensis zone, followed by a transgression in the Petransiens zone. Unitary Associations resulted in an UA 1 whose topmost part occurs just above the first occurrences of the nannofossil C. oblongata and of the ammonite « Thurmanniceras » pertransiens. The stratigraphic succession of these three events (namely, the FOs of « T. » pertransiens and of C. oblongata and the top of UA 1) allow us to identify the boundary between the Berriasian and Valanginian in this work with the FO of « T. » pertransiens
Caillaud, Alexis. "Dépôts organiques en milieu marin : les facteurs clés des bassins hémipélagiques : le Mésozoïque du Bassin du Sud-Est de la France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LILUR012.
Full textThe goal of this work is to study the sedimentology of organic deposits in a hemipelagic basin (Mesozoic deposits of the S-E France Basin) in order to understand the processes responsible for transport and preservation of organic matter (OM), as well as its distribution in various sedimentary settings. The results demonstrate that there is no relationship between the organic content and the grain size of the terrigenous fraction or the mineralogy of the clay fraction. Turbidites are present in a particular organic level, but they did not convey terrestrial OM in the basin; on the contrary, they had a negative role upon the preservation of the organic content. Terrestrial OM is observed in some organic levels, but not related to gravity deposits, meaning that terrestrial OM can be transported to the distal marine domain without necessarily involving gravity processes. There is no clear link between the nature of the OM and the place of the deposits in the 3rd order stratigraphic sequences. The major contribution of the present work concerns the multi-factor approach to the sedimentology of OM in the marine domain. For a constantly low to normal marine primary productivity, it was highlighted the role of 3 key factors for the formation of organic deposits in the hemipelagic basin: the sedimentation rate, the intrinsic nature of OM, and the basin oxygenation conditions. The organic levels the richest in OM are the global anoxic events, which show that anoxia is the factor allowing the strongest organic accumulations in this type of sedimentary basin
Caillaud, Alexis. "Dépôts organiques en milieu marin : les facteurs clés des bassins hémipélagiques : le Mésozoïque du Bassin du Sud-Est de la France." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R012/document.
Full textThe goal of this work is to study the sedimentology of organic deposits in a hemipelagic basin (Mesozoic deposits of the S-E France Basin) in order to understand the processes responsible for transport and preservation of organic matter (OM), as well as its distribution in various sedimentary settings. The results demonstrate that there is no relationship between the organic content and the grain size of the terrigenous fraction or the mineralogy of the clay fraction. Turbidites are present in a particular organic level, but they did not convey terrestrial OM in the basin; on the contrary, they had a negative role upon the preservation of the organic content. Terrestrial OM is observed in some organic levels, but not related to gravity deposits, meaning that terrestrial OM can be transported to the distal marine domain without necessarily involving gravity processes. There is no clear link between the nature of the OM and the place of the deposits in the 3rd order stratigraphic sequences. The major contribution of the present work concerns the multi-factor approach to the sedimentology of OM in the marine domain. For a constantly low to normal marine primary productivity, it was highlighted the role of 3 key factors for the formation of organic deposits in the hemipelagic basin: the sedimentation rate, the intrinsic nature of OM, and the basin oxygenation conditions. The organic levels the richest in OM are the global anoxic events, which show that anoxia is the factor allowing the strongest organic accumulations in this type of sedimentary basin
Lovecchio, Juan Pablo. "Seismic stratigraphy of the offshore basins of Argentina : characterization and modeling of the South Atlantic passive margin dynamics." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2018SORUS506.pdf.
Full textThis work is focused on basin formation and evolution in the Argentinean South Atlantic Margin and the Mesozoic breakup of SW Gondwana. Rifting evolution was studied in the Malvinas and Colorado/Salado basins. Three superimposed rifting events were identified in the latter. The first rifting event is associated with the Late Triassic extensional reactivation of Late Paleozoic thrusts of the Ventania-Cape fold belt. A second and main rifting stage (Early-Middle Jurassic) is related to faults forming the main depocenters and intersecting the older structures. Finally, Early Cretaceous extension linked to the opening of the South Atlantic Ocean focused on the outer continental fringe and produced emplacement of SDRs. The rifting evolution of the Malvinas basin was seismically characterized. New zircon U-Pb ages constrain rifting in the Jurassic. A new model for Gondwana breakup is presented with focus on the evolution of the Mesozoic peri-Atlantic basins. The post-breakup evolution of the Argentinean South Atlantic margin was also studied via seismic interpretation and stratigraphic characterization. Three stages of drift evolution were identified. After the Hauterivian/Barremian breakup, the Cretaceous drift unit is conditioned by the thermal subsidence over the main depocenters. Only after the Maastrichtian-Danian regional transgression, the margin becomes a single continental platform. The Paleogene drift stage is characterized by subsidence and sedimentary input centered in the Salado area, while the Neogene drift stage is characterized by a cylindrical behavior and the remarkable influence of contour currents
Mouyoungou, Jérôme. "Les silicifications mesozoiques et cenozoiques de la bordure occidentale du bassin de paris et de la region de brazzaville au congo." Angers, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ANGE0010.
Full textRossy, Michel. "Contribution à l'étude du magmatisme mésozoique du domaine pyrénéen : I, le Trias dans l'ensemble du domaine, II le Crétacé dans les provinces basques d'Espagne." Besançon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BESA2030.
Full textHou, Mingjin. "Caractéristiques structurales et dynamiques de la déformation dans la chaîne de Zhangbaling, de son avant-pays et de la zone de faille de Tan-Lu, province de Anhui, Chine." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112008.
Full textThe main results obtained in the Tanlu Fault zone suggest a scenario of the tectonic and geodynamic evolution during the last 245 Ma. A – Mid Triassic : birth of the continental subduction. The convergence of the South China block to the North China block is getting according to a continental subduction dipping to the NW. The trend of the subduction zone was NE-SW. The direction of the convergence was NNW-SSE, oblique to the trend of the subduction B – Mid. Triassic: birth of the delamination of the SCB lithosphere. C- Late Triassic : beginning of uplifting and exhumation. During subducting a crustal slice separate from the lower part of the SCB lithosphere. Rocks deformed in depth are exhumed. D- Late Triassic: initiation of the lithospheric break off. In the crust the delamination propagate upward, and near the surface forms a fold and thrust belt on the eastern border of the surrection zone. E- Jurassic: end of the collision. At the end of Jurassic the shortening continue producing the final structuration of the thrust and fold belt, refolding fold and fault in the internal area. The whole of the convergence is then a wide transpressive sinistral zone. F- Early Cretaceous doming. A granodioritic plutonism locate near the Tanlu fault, produce local doming and crustal extension, NW-SE (3), active from140 to 127Ma. G- Early Cretaceous strike-slip regime. Towards 127 Ma the tectonic regime become of strike-slip type with NW-SE compression ) and NE-SW extension (3) reworking the Tanlu fault zone as sinistral strike-slip fault. H- Late Cretaceous Palaeocene. The Tanlu fault works as normal fault and permit the formation of a sedimentary basin on this western border
Bessin, Paul. "Évolution géomorphologique du Massif armoricain depuis 200 MA : approche Terre-Mer." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S180/document.
Full textThe Armoricain massif is a west-european Cadomo-variscan domain of low altitude (maximum 400 m), characterized by planation surfaces, whose Mesozoic and Cenozoic geological and geomorphological evolution is still debated. The purpose of this study is to retrace the growth of this relief. A geomorphological analysis of the planation surfaces was performed on land and at sea. It is based on their (i) mapping, (ii) relative chronology, (iii) relationships with weathering mantles and (iv) dating using dated sediments that seal those them. Six stepped planation surfaces have been identified and mapped and most of them are exhumed. They are pre-early Jurassic (PS1 to PS3), pre-middle Jurassic (PS4), pre-late Cretaceous (PS5) and Paleocene (PS6). At least two phases of burial and exhumation have been identified: (1) burial in Jurassic time followed by denudation during the early Cretaceous and (2) burial in late Cretaceous time followed dy denudation during the latest Cretaceous to early Eocene. The first period of exhumation is probably related to the initiation and break-up of the rift between Iberia and Eurasia (Bay of Biscay) and the second to the convergence betwenn these two plates. At last, Cenozoic vertical movements of the massif have been quantified from (i) position of dated marine sediments of known depositional environment and (ii) their respective paleo-sea levels deduced from different eustatic charts. This work highlights (i) Paleocene uplift, (ii) late Eocene subsidence and (iii) the already characterized Pleistocene uplift
Ciszak, Richard. "Evolution géodynamique de la chaîne tellienne en Oranie (Algérie occidentale) pendant le Paléozoi͏̈que et le Mésozoi͏̈que." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30273.
Full textTribovillard, Nicolas. "Contrôles de la sédimentation marneuse en milieu pélasgique semi-anoxique : exemples dans le mésozoïque du sud-est de la France et de l'Atlantique." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10017.
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