Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mesures de congestion'
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LARRIEU, Nicolas. "Contrôle de congestion et gestion du trafic à partir de mesures pour l'optimisation de la QdS dans l'internet." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009745.
Full textLarrieu, Nicolas. "Contrôle de congestion et gestion du trafic à partir de mesures pour l'optimisation de la qualité de service dans l'Internet." Toulouse, INSA, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ISAT0007.
Full textInternet monitoring has only been used for research, engineering and design of Internet networks since few years (since the beginning of years 2000), but it is more and more popular and spreads rapidly. It deals with studying, characterizing, analyzing and modeling traffic on the different Internet links in order to understand network behaviors when facing traffics which are largely unknown at this time. In particular, guarantying QoS for the Internet is currently one of the most challenging issues. This thesis aims at designing new communication protocols and architectures able to reduce the traffic LRD in order to optimize the use of communication resources. Then, new protocol and architectural mechanisms could be perfectly suited to users’ needs and traffic constraints. Thus, this PhD work deals with a new approach for the Internet, aiming at improving traffic management, QoS and more generally network services. This approach, called Measurement Based Networking (MBN), is built on the use of active and passive monitoring techniques to evaluate in real time different network parameters and analyze its traffic in order to react very quickly and accurately to specific events arising in the network (for instance, congestion events). We will illustrate, in particular, the MBN approach by designing a new measurement based congestion control mechanism (MBCC) which will be evaluated thanks to NS-2 simulations. We will show, in particular, how this new mechanism can improve traffic characteristics as well as Internet QoS, despite the complexity and variability of current Internet traffics
Zeng, Xuan. "Vers une mobilité transparente dans le réseau ICN : connectivité, sécurité, et fiabilité." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS046.
Full textWith the proliferation of mobile devices, mobility becomes a requirement and a compelling feature for 5G. However, despite tremendous efforts in the last 2 decades to enable mobility in IP network, the solutions are mostly anchor-based and inefficient. In this context, Information-Centric networking (ICN) is proposed. While ICN has some native support of mobility, other architectural challenges remain unsolved to achieve seamless mobility. The thesis explores 3 main challenges of such and contributes novel solutions. First, to solve producer mobility, MapMe, a micro mobility management protocol supporting latency sensitive traffic is proposed. MAP-Me is anchorless and preserves key ICN benefits. Simulation results show that MAP-Me outperforms existing work in user performance while retaining low network overheads in various network conditions. Second, we investigate security in producer mobility. We focus on prefix hijacking attack, which is a basis of several attacks. To prevent prefix hijacking, we propose a light-weight and distributed prefix attestation protocol based on hash-chaining. First results show significant improvement in verification overhead. It is resistant to replay-based prefix hijacking. Finally, additional transport-layer mechanisms are needed in mobile ICN. To this aim, we investigate alleviating the adverse effect of wireless/mobility loss on congestion control. We propose WLDR and MLDR for in-network loss detection and recovery to facilitate congestion control. Simulation results show a significant reduction in flow completion time (up to 20%)
Tlaiss, Ziad. "Automated network packet traces analysis methods for fault recognition and TCP flavor identification." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IMTA0384.
Full textIn recent years, the field of network troubleshooting has garnered significant attention from researchers due to the complexity and importance of this task. The work presented in this thesis focuses on automating network troubleshooting using performance metrics extracted from packet captures. The first contribution of this thesis lies in extracting features to identify the root cause of an anomaly by analyzing TCP packet traces with bad performance. We have categorized four frequently observed causes of degradation: transmission problems, congestion problems, jitter problems, and application-limited problems. The second contribution of this thesis involves developing an automated method to detect the moment of exiting the Slow-Start state. The significance of this method lies in saving valuable time in the analysis of network degradation, as the Slow-Start state serves as a key indicator for fault diagnosis. The third contribution of this thesis revolves around identifying the BBR congestion control algorithm. The primary goal of our approach is to detect whether packet pacing is employed in a TCP connection. This method relies on modeling the distribution of inter-packet duration during the Slow-Start state. The objective is to distinguish unimodal distributions of inter-packet intervals in the case of BBR compared to mixed two component distributions in the case of CUBIC
Zeng, Xuan. "Vers une mobilité transparente dans le réseau ICN : connectivité, sécurité, et fiabilité." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS046/document.
Full textWith the proliferation of mobile devices, mobility becomes a requirement and a compelling feature for 5G. However, despite tremendous efforts in the last 2 decades to enable mobility in IP network, the solutions are mostly anchor-based and inefficient. In this context, Information-Centric networking (ICN) is proposed. While ICN has some native support of mobility, other architectural challenges remain unsolved to achieve seamless mobility. The thesis explores 3 main challenges of such and contributes novel solutions. First, to solve producer mobility, MapMe, a micro mobility management protocol supporting latency sensitive traffic is proposed. MAP-Me is anchorless and preserves key ICN benefits. Simulation results show that MAP-Me outperforms existing work in user performance while retaining low network overheads in various network conditions. Second, we investigate security in producer mobility. We focus on prefix hijacking attack, which is a basis of several attacks. To prevent prefix hijacking, we propose a light-weight and distributed prefix attestation protocol based on hash-chaining. First results show significant improvement in verification overhead. It is resistant to replay-based prefix hijacking. Finally, additional transport-layer mechanisms are needed in mobile ICN. To this aim, we investigate alleviating the adverse effect of wireless/mobility loss on congestion control. We propose WLDR and MLDR for in-network loss detection and recovery to facilitate congestion control. Simulation results show a significant reduction in flow completion time (up to 20%)
Bouchaala, Younes. "Gestion des messages de sécurité dans les réseaux VANET." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV101/document.
Full textQuality of Service (QoS) requirements for VANET applications vary depending on the nature and type of the application. Therefore, a communication protocol in VANETs must be able to meet various QoS requirements according to the type of traffic. In VANET, the transmission channel is shared by all the vehicles using the same radio frequency. A poor exploitation of the channel can therefore lead to collisions and wasted bandwidth. A MAC protocol must therefore be designed to share the channel between the different nodes in an efficient and fair way.In this thesis we present the following contributions:1- Analysis and improvement of diffusion in the IEEE 802.11 standard.2- Optimization of the CSMA technique for 1D and 2D networks.3- Design of an adaptive transmission algorithm that updates the Carrier Sense threshold to reach a target value.4- Study the gain obtained by the use of directional antennas for Aloha, non-slotted Aloha, and CSMA
Amor, Yasmine. "Ιntelligent apprοach fοr trafic cοngestiοn predictiοn." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMR129.
Full textTraffic congestion presents a critical challenge to urban areas, as the volume of vehicles continues to grow faster than the system’s overall capacity. This growth impacts economic activity, environmental sustainability, and overall quality of life. Although strategies for mitigating traffic congestion have seen improvements over the past few decades, many cities still struggle to manage it effectively. While various models have been developed to tackle this issue, existing approaches often fall short in providing real-time, localized predictions that can adapt to complex and dynamic traffic conditions. Most rely on fixed prediction horizons and lack the intelligent infrastructure needed for flexibility. This thesis addresses these gaps by proposing an intelligent, decentralized, infrastructure-based approach for traffic congestion estimation and prediction.We start by studying Traffic Estimation. We examine the possible congestion measures and data sources required for different contexts that may be studied. We establish a three-dimensional relationship between these axes. A rule-based system is developed to assist researchers and traffic operators in recommending the most appropriate congestion measures based on the specific context under study. We then proceed to Traffic Prediction, introducing our DECentralized COngestion esTimation and pRediction model using Intelligent Variable Message Signs (DECOTRIVMS). This infrastructure-based model employs intelligent Variable Message Signs (VMSs) to collect real-time traffic data and provide short-term congestion predictions with variable prediction horizons.We use Graph Attention Networks (GATs) due to their ability to capture complex relationships and handle graph-structured data. They are well-suited for modeling interactions between different road segments. In addition to GATs, we employ online learning methods, specifically, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and ADAptive GRAdient Descent (ADAGRAD). While these methods have been successfully used in various other domains, their application in traffic congestion prediction remains under-explored. In our thesis, we aim to bridge that gap by exploring their effectiveness within the context of real-time traffic congestion forecasting.Finally, we validate our model’s effectiveness through two case studies conducted in Muscat, Oman, and Rouen, France. A comprehensive comparative analysis is performed, evaluating various prediction techniques, including GATs, Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs), SGD and ADAGRAD. The achieved results underscore the potential of DECOTRIVMS, demonstrating its potential for accurate and effective traffic congestion prediction across diverse urban contexts
CHABERNAUD, JEAN-MARC. "Mesure des gaz respiratoires a l'effort dans l'insuffisance cardiaque congestive : comparaison de deux protocoles de charge." Limoges, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIMO0124.
Full textYang, Furong. "Towards Efficient Transport Mechanisms in Mobile Internet : Measurement and Optimization." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS341.
Full textThe transport performance in Mobile Internet is crucial to user experience and directly affects the revenue of providers for Internet applications. This dissertation focuses on network access and congestion control, two key factors affecting transport performance, and conducts research from three aspects: network access measurement, single-path congestion control, and multipath congestion control. For network access measurement, we conduct a measurement study across four cities to analyze the characteristics of the connectivity based on provider-managed WiFi in mobile scenarios. For single-path congestion control, we propose an enhanced BBRv2 algorithm based on delay information to improve the performance of BBRv2 in mobile scenarios. For multipath congestion control, we propose a multipath congestion control algorithm (CCA) selection mechanism, which leverages machine learning to dynamically select suitable CCAs for subflows to improve the performance of multipath transport
Valenti, Silvio. "La gestion du trafic P2P dans les réseaux modernes : mesure, identification et contrôle." Phd thesis, Paris, Télécom ParisTech, 2011. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00645263.
Full textDue to the large diffusion of P2P applications and especially P2P live-streaming, P2P traffic occupies an extremely large portion of overall Internet traffic. In this context, this thesis proposes new instruments to measure, identify and control P2P traffic. Regarding traffic classification, since traditional techniques have a hard time identifying P2P traffic, we propose a new behavioral classifier, Abacus, tailored for P2P live-streaming. Our experiments prove that Abacus, though based on simple counts of packets and bytes exchanged by a host, represents a lightweight and accurate solution for identifying P2P applications. Second, since the huge volume of traffic obliges operators to employ either flow-level monitors (e. G. NetFlow) or packet sampling to cut down the amount of measurement data, we evaluate the impact of data reduction on traffic characterization and classification. We show that Abacus can be adapted to this kind of data, suffering only a minor loss in accuracy and statistical classification remains possible if training and validation data are sampled at the same rate, in spite of the distortion introduced by packet sampling. Finally, we study a new transport protocol for P2P traffic, LEDBAT (Low Extra Delay Background Transport Protocol), the congestion control algorithm of the official BitTorrent client. This delay-based algorithm aims to provide an efficient, lower-than-best-effort service. Though faithful to its goals, the original design of LEDBAT appears affected by a latecomer advantage: we identify the main cause of the unfairness and propose effectives correction that restore the fairness
Valenti, Silvio. "La gestion du trafic P2P dans les réseaux modernes : mesure, identification et contrôle." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00645263.
Full textHatchi, Roméo. "Analyse mathématique de modèles de trafic routier congestionné." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090048/document.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the mathematical analysis of some models of congested road traffic. The essential notion is the Wardrop equilibrium. It continues Carlier and Santambrogio's works with coauthors. With Baillon they studied the case of two-dimensional cartesian networks that become very dense in the framework of $\Gamma$-convergence theory. Finding Wardrop equilibria is equivalent to solve convex minimisation problems.In Chapter 2 we look at what happens in the case of general networks, increasingly dense. New difficulties appear with respect to the original case of cartesian networks. To deal with these difficulties we introduce the concept of generalized curves. Structural assumptions on these sequences of discrete networks are necessary to obtain convergence. Sorts of Finsler distance are used and keep track of anisotropy of the network. We then have similar results to those in the cartesian case.In Chapter 3 we study the continuous model and in particular the limit problems. Then we find optimality conditions through a duale formulation that can be interpreted in terms of continuous Wardrop equilibria. However we work with generalized curves and we cannot directly apply Prokhorov's theorem, as in \cite{baillon2012discrete, carlier2008optimal}. To use it we consider a relaxed version of the limit problem with Young's measures. In Chapter 4 we focus on the long-term case, that is, we fix only the distributions of supply and demand. As shown in \cite{brasco2013congested} the problem of Wardrop equilibria can be reformulated in a problem à la Beckmann and reduced to solve an elliptic anisotropic and degenerated PDE. We use the augmented Lagrangian scheme presented in \cite{benamou2013augmented} to show a few numerical simulation examples. Finally Chapter 5 is devoted to studying Monge problems with as cost a Finsler distance. It leads to minimal flow problems. Discretization of these problems is equivalent to a saddle-point problem. We then solve it numerically again by an augmented Lagrangian algorithm
Preux, Anthony. "Transport optimal et équations des gaz sans pression avec contrainte de densité maximale." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS435/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we consider the pressureless Euler equations with a congestion constraint.This system still raises many open questions and aside from its one-dimensional version,very little is known. The strategy that we propose relies on previous works of crowd motion models withcongestion in the framework of the Wasserstein space, and on a microscopic granularmodel with inelastic collisions. It consists of the study of a time-splitting scheme. The first step is about the projection of the current velocity field on a set, avoiding the factthat trajectories do not cross during the time step. Then the scheme moves the density with the new velocity field. This intermediate density may violate the congestion constraint. The third step projects it on the set of admissible densities. Finally, the velocity field is updated taking into account the positions of physical particles during the scheme. In the one-dimensional case, solutions computed by the algorithm matchwith the ones that we know for these equations. In the two-dimensional case, computed solutions respect some properties that can be expected to be verified by the solutions to these equations. In addition, we notice some similarities between solutions computed by the scheme and the ones of the granular model with inelastic collisions. Later, this scheme is discretized with respect to the space variable in the purpose of numerical computations of solutions. The resulting algorithm uses a new method to discretize the Wasserstein cost. This method, called Transverse Sweeping Method consists in expressing the cost using the mass flow from any cell and crossing hyperplanes defined by interfaces between cells
Leurent, Fabien. "Modélisation du trafic, des déplacements sur un réseau et de l'accessibilité aux activités grâce au transport." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348286.
Full textUne telle modélisation comporte quatre aspects : un contenu sémantique, à caractère physique ou économique ; une formulation mathématique ; un solveur technique ; un aspect empirique (métrologie, statistique, économétrie).
Les disciplines mises en œuvre sont variées : théorie des réseaux, optimisation, informatique algorithmique, probabilités et statistiques, et aussi économie, socio-économie et physique du trafic. Mes contributions théoriques concernent la théorie des réseaux, l'économie du transport et la physique du trafic.
Mes travaux se répartissent en quatre thèmes :
A. La mesure et la modélisation du trafic. Au niveau local d'une route, j'ai analysé la relation entre flux et vitesse en mettant en cohérence l'analyse désagrégée, probabiliste au niveau du mobile individuel ; et l'analyse macroscopique en termes de flux et de distribution statistique des temps.
B. La modélisation des réseaux et des cheminements. L'équilibre entre offre de transport et demande de déplacement conjugue une dimension spatiale - topologique, une dimension temporelle, et une dimension comportementale - économique. Les enjeux de modélisation concernent : la représentation de l'offre et la demande ; la formulation et les propriétés d'existence – unicité – stabilité ; les algorithmes. Je me suis intéressé à la diversité des comportements ; et à la modélisation fine de l'offre et à la dimension temporelle.
C. L'analyse socio-économique des déplacements. Je me suis intéressé à l'usage de divers moyens de transport et à la prospection de leur clientèle potentielle ; au choix d'horaire de déplacement ; aux caractéristiques à la fois économiques et dynamiques de la congestion.
D. La distribution spatiale des déplacements et des activités. Je me suis intéressé d'une part à l'observation des flux par relation origine-destination (O-D) et à l'inférence statistique des matrices O-D ; et d'autre part, à la justification microéconomique des déplacements en raison de la localisation et de l'utilité des activités.
Santambrogio, Filippo. "Variational problems intransportation theory with mass concentration." Phd thesis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00131383.
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