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Academic literature on the topic 'MET-EELS'
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Journal articles on the topic "MET-EELS"
Wang, Y. Y., V. P. Dravid, and F. C. Zhang. "Symmetry of molecular wavefunction in BaBiO3 determined by q-resolved EELS." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 53 (August 13, 1995): 298–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100137860.
Full textde Bruijn, Wim C., and Lianne W. J. Sorber. "The Application of Bio-Standards for Electron Energy-Loss Analysis of Biological Materials." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 2 (August 12, 1990): 68–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042482010013393x.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "MET-EELS"
Laffont, Lydia. "Structure et propriétés physiques de matériaux polyaromatiques par MET, EELS, et RX." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30129.
Full textBernier, Nicolas. "Etude couplée MET - EELS du carbone deutéré : application à la rétention du combustible dans les tokamaks." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX30081.
Full textWe developed a methodology, based on the combination of TEM and EELS techniques, for a structural and chemical characterization, at a high spatial resolution, of a wide range of carbon materials. We i) optimized, in the framework of theoritical models, the sp2 fraction quantification from pure carbons by EELS ii) transferred this quantification to deuterated amorphous carbon layers iii) showed, from graphitized carbons, how the TEM-EELS combination allows to detect low concentrations of implanted D. DUe to the accomplishment of these developments, we applied our approach to the study of D retention in composites C/C, which are the plasma-facing materials in TS. We showed that specific localized retention sites correspond to relatively large (~ 3 [micro]m) cracks between fibres and matrix ; such cracks offer a simple and direct path for deuterated amorphous carbon. The particle balance performed in TS is discussed in the light of this trapping mechanism
Noircler, Guillaume. "Caractérisation avancée par microscopie électronique à transmission (TEM) de matériaux innovants pour cellules solaires." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30194.
Full textThis PhD thesis presents the development of Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) protocols for the characterization of solar cell materials. Two distinct studies were carried out, one on the characterization of a passivation stack of monocrystalline silicon (c-Si) consisting of amorphous aluminum oxide and amorphous hydrogenated silicon nitride (a-AlOx/a-SiNx: H) and another one on the characterization of boron doped silicon epitaxial layer highly hydrogenated. These materials are part of a common tandem solar cell project combining silicon and perovskite technologies. Low temperature silicon epitaxial layer (< 200°C) by RF-PECVD is an alternative to the standard boron diffusion or ion implantation, it ensures a lower thermal budget and the realization of a sharper doping profile. The complexity of this epi-layer process lies on the fact that many impurities are incorporated during growth. Particular attention is paid to defects by combining several TEM technics (HRTEM, STEM-HAADF) and by using image processing routine called Geometric Phase Analysis (GPA) which allows to study strain field. For the as-grown epitaxial layer, we will show how the non-conventional PECVD growth process influences its microstructure and gives to it a non-uniform strain-field. In the annealed epitaxial layer, no strain is measured but nanotwins have been detected and analyzed through a geometric model. In STEM, a darker contrast is observed at the interface of the annealed sample most likely due to the migration of hydrogen atoms during annealing. The aim of the a-AlOx/a-SiNx: H passivation stack on c-Si is to preserve the electronic properties of the c-Si. In this stack, a-AlOx have the distinctive characteristic to give both chemical and field effect passivation which need further research to be more control. a-AlOx is known to be unstable under the electron-beam, so we first present a detailed study on the electron-beam radiation damage to c-Si/a-AlOx interface. This interface can indeed undergo several electron-beam irradiation damage like sputtering, knock-on or radiolysis if precautions are not taken. Radiolysis damage was found to be the dominant radiation damage. Thus, several STEM-EELS acquisition parameters like acceleration voltage, electron dose and scan orientation were taken into account and modified to limit this radiolysis damage. Once the irradiation was limited, STEM-EELS investigation was conduct using Si and Al L2,3 and O K edge fines structures. The interface was found to be composed of a-SiOx and non-stoichiometric aluminum silicate with a predominance of tetrahedrally coordinated Al in its first layer
Mallet, Philippe. "Analyse multiéchelle de carbones pyrolytiques." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2738/.
Full textPyrocarbons are polyromatic- graphenic- materials obtained by CVD / CVI and are often used as an interphase or as a matrix in C / C composites for the aerospace industry ans the production of brakes, rocket nozzles etc. . . Although not limited to this application domain, this example shows that their mechanical properties and heat resistance are qualities that it is essential to determine and predict. For this purpose, accurate material identification is needed to create a database linking the description of materials to their properties. The work of this thesis is focused on describing the structure (crystallographic point of view), nanotexture (degree of both perfection and order of grapheme layers within anisotropic domains), and texture (extension and relative arrangement of anisotropic domains) of a specific class of these materials, namely laminar pyrocarbons (wich include three kinds of them, known as 'rough', 'smooth' and 'regenerated'). It is mostly based on two major techniques wich are Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, completed by X-ray diffraction. The section dedicated to Raman spectroscopy shows a study of the evolution of the various bands characteristic of the material (typically, the G band, generated by the lattice vibrations, and the D band, which is generated by defects) and their respective contributions (areas A or intensities I) as the ID/IG ratio which depends on both the exciting wavelength and the average crystallite size determined by neutron scattering and X-ray diffraction. This work shows that, in particular for small crystallite sizes (< 6 nm), a further contribution to the D band intensity at the same spectral position appears. In comparison to previous works, this innovative approach can account perfectly for the experimental observations recorded for various excitation wave lengths ranging from ultraviolet, to visible, and then to infrared. To complete this study, a series of pitch cokes was studied and shows, consistently with the pyrocarbons, a linear relationship between the width of the G band and the crystallite sizes the latter are less than ˜10nm. The section dedicated to the transmission electron microscopy utilizes a methodology previously developed and validated at CEMES for the quantified multi-scale characterization of another type of pyrocarbons, namely isotropic, spherulitic pyrocarbons has been used for the first time for the characterization of laminar pyrocarbons. By using several modes of the electron microscopy (electron diffraction with selected area diffraction, dark field images, lattice-fringe images), it was possible to evaluate qualitatively and/or quantitatively the structural and nano-textural respectively and to discriminate between the various pyrocarbons studied. This work has also highlighted the limitations of the methodology for its application to the peculiar type of the materials studied
Merkourakis, Spyridon. "Étude par MET et AFM de la croissance de multicouches Cu/Co élaborées par électrodéposition." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066521.
Full textGodet, Marie. "Jaunissement de la pierre par laser : origines et remèdes." Thesis, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MNHN0001/document.
Full textNd:YAG Q-Switched laser cleaning of soiled stone at 1064 nm can sometimes result in yellower appearances than other conventional cleaning techniques. This yellowing effect can lead to unsightly colour contrasts if different cleaning techniques are used on the same architectural complex, as is the case for the Valois Portal of the Saint-Denis basilica near Paris. One argument made to explain the phenomenon is that the laser yellowing is linked to the creation of nano-sized irradiation residues through the laser beam interaction with soiling matter such as black gypseous crusts. In this study, a multi-scale analytical method extending to the nanoscale has been used to observe and characterize the neo-formed compounds accountable for the yellow discoloration. Samples of model crusts containing hematite and reconstituted crusts prepared with natural black crust have been synthetized. The natural black crust has been characterized in order to identify the compounds that may react under the laser beam and thus contribute to the yellowing effect. Iron oxides (hematite, magnetite and maghemite) and aluminosilicate fly-ashes originating from coal combustion have been discovered. The chemical and structural nature of irradiation products has then been investigated by several techniques including in particular transmission electron microscopy (TEM) coupled with electronic diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and electron energy-loss (EELS) spectroscopies. Iron containing nanostructures crystallized in the form of nano-spheres and nano-residues have been evidenced and characterized. By studying thoroughly the colour, the colorimetric properties of the yellowing process have been linked to the nature of the neo-formed compounds. Furthermore a case study on the Valois Portal has completed the research while setting it within the reality of the conservation world. Finally experiments with UV light have shown the promising potentiality of this tool as a remedy to the yellowing effect. In summary, this study has demonstrated that the yellowing phenomenon observed at the macroscale is intimately linked to matter transformations occurring at the nanoscale, induced by the interaction between the laser beam and the iron oxides and fly-ashes found in black crusts
Ramarozatovo, Vonjy. "Élaboration in-situ et caractérisation de nanotubes hétérogènes par plasma d'arc électrique." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1948/.
Full textFor about ten years, the world research activities concerning carbon nanotubes (NTCs) synthesis are focused on NTCs transformation for elaborating the new generation of NTCs that are hetero-NTC-s or meta-nanotubes. Hetero-NTCs consist in partial or complete substitution of carbon atoms by hetero-atoms, typically N and/or B, leading to a modification of the electronic structure and then a new behavior. These new nano-objects appear as very promising for numerous applications. Indeed the use of this new family of nano-objects allows considering access to properties unobtainable with generic NTCs, or solving some recurring process problems such as the lack of selectivity of today's synthesis methods concerning the type of electronic behavior (metallic versus semi-conductor) of single wall NTCs (SWNTs) formed in the same batch. As example, partial substitution by N atoms on a SWNT (N*NTCs) provides it a metallic behavior no matters the helicity. Besides, the N*NTCs have increased electronic emission properties, increased magnetic behavior, greater hardness, significantly modified chemical reactivity,. . . The aim of the study developed in this thesis is then to synthetize these heterogeneous nanotubes by the electric arc method. Since the EELS analysis (Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy), process allowing estimating the substitution rate of carbon atoms by other atoms (nitrogen or boron) needs a large quantity of single wall NTCs, the first essential step for developing our study consisted in notably increasing the pure SWNTs yield. In addition to the usually studied parameters we did consider a new one: the reactor chamber volume. The second step of our study was dedicated to identify the favorable operating conditions for nitrogen doped heterogeneous nanotubes synthesis. Two different techniques were then employed for nitrogen input: i) filling the anodes with melamine (C3H6N6) powders and Nickel and Yttrium powders, ii) use of Helium and Nitrogen (He+N2) mixtures as plasmagen gas. The plasma diagnostic is developed by optical emission spectroscopy. The excitation temperature (Te) and the heavy particles temperature (Th) have been obtained using the Boltzmann plot method applied to the metallic elements lines as well to the rotational lines of Swan band C2(0,0). The concentration ratio [CI]/[NI] was then estimated for each studied condition. The influence of departure from LTE on heterogeneous NTCs synthesis is also discussed in this study. In parallel to the plasma characterization we also proceed to measurements of temperature in the close vicinity of the plasma periphery using thermocouples and infrared camera in order to define the heterogeneous nanotubes growth zone. The characterization of obtained heterogeneous nanotubes was systematically performed using different techniques: TEM analysis (Transmission Electron Microscopy) for NTCs characterization, EDS-X analysis (Energy Dispersive X-rays Spectroscopy) supported by the EELS process for estimating the substitution rate of the carbon atoms by nitrogen. The established correlation between the plasma characteristics and the nanotubes growth zone temperature allowed us to identify the favorable conditions for heterogeneous nanotubes synthesis
Lantenois, Sébastien. "Réactivité fer métal/smectites en milieu hydraté à 80°C." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005089.
Full textGuillaume, Damien. "Etude expérimentale du système fer - smectite en présence de solution à 80°C et 300°C." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007672.
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