Academic literature on the topic 'Metabolismo ácido das crassuláceas'
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Journal articles on the topic "Metabolismo ácido das crassuláceas"
Pierini, Sandra Andréa, and Sidinei Magela Thomaz. "Adaptações de plantas submersas à absorção do carbono inorgânico." Acta Botanica Brasilica 18, no. 3 (September 2004): 629–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33062004000300020.
Full textLucas, E. Herrero de, A. Agrifoglio Rotaeche, P. Extremera Navas, and A. García de Lorenzo y. Mateos. "Alteraciones del metabolismo ácido base: acidosis." Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado 11, no. 79 (May 2015): 4748–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.med.2015.05.012.
Full textSánchez, S. M. Sánchez, L. Cachafeiro Fuciños, E. Flores Cabeza, and A. García de Lorenzo Mateos. "Alteraciones del metabolismo ácido base: alcalosis." Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado 11, no. 79 (May 2015): 4759–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.med.2015.05.013.
Full textSoberon Acevedo, Javier, José Chávez Azuela, Jorge Soria, Jesús Espinoza Hernández, and Macrina Masson. "El metabolismo del ácido fólico en la toxemia del embarazo." Revista Peruana de Ginecología y Obstetricia 13, no. 3 (June 11, 2015): 113–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31403/rpgo.v13i863.
Full textSilva, Rosimar R. da, Tânia T. de Oliveira, Tanus J. Nagem, and Maria A. Leão. "EFEITO DE FLAVONÓIDES NO METABOLISMO DO ÁCIDO ARAQUIDÔNICO." Medicina (Ribeirao Preto. Online) 35, no. 2 (June 30, 2002): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7262.v35i2p127-133.
Full textMeschede, D. K., E. D. Velini, F. G. Tonin, and C. A. Carbonari. "Alterações no metabolismo da cana-de-açúcar em função da aplicação de maturadores." Planta Daninha 30, no. 1 (March 2012): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582012000100013.
Full textMaia, Carina Scanoni, José Reginaldo Alves de Queiroz Júnior, Juliana Pinto de Medeiros, Fernanda das Chagas Ângelo Mendes Tenório, Ana Janaina Jeanine Martins de Lemos, Gyl Everson de Souza Maciel, Silvânia Tavares Paz, and Rosa Valéria da Silva Amorim. "METABOLISMO DO ÁCIDO FÓLICO E SUAS AÇÕES NA EMBRIOGÊNESE." Brazilian Journal of Development 6, no. 8 (2020): 57002–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv6n8-200.
Full textVillavicencio Núñez, Marino. "Contribución al estudio del metabolismo de la glucosa en la corteza cerebral." Anales de la Facultad de Medicina 45, no. 1-2 (April 9, 2014): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/anales.v45i1-2.5974.
Full textMinafra, Cibele Silva, George Henrique Kling de Moraes, Ana Cláudia Peres Rodrigues, Fernanda Alvares da Silva, José Henrique Stringhini, and Cíntia Silva Minafra e. Rezende. "Perfil bioquímico e nutricional do ácido glutâmico e da vitamina K no soro e no fígado de frangos de corte de 1 a 21 dias de idade." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 37, no. 11 (November 2008): 1973–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982008001100011.
Full textMiranda, Juliana Fabiani, Brenda Oliveira Da Silva, Letícia Ferreira Ramos, Letícia Rocha Gonçalves, and Karen Cristiane Martinez De Moraes. "O EFEITO DO TRICLOSAN NO PROCESSO FIBROSANTE DE CÉLULAS HEPÁTICAS LX-2 MEDIANTE A AÇÃO NA SÍNTESE DE ÁCIDO GRAXO DE NOVO." Revista Univap 22, no. 40 (February 3, 2017): 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.18066/revistaunivap.v22i40.1049.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Metabolismo ácido das crassuláceas"
Mioto, Paulo Tamaso. "Sinalização da indução do metabolismo ácido das crassuláceas (CAM) por ácido abscísico e óxido nítrico em Guzmania monostachia (Bromeliaceae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41132/tde-11072012-094636/.
Full textGuzmania monostachia is a C3-CAM facultative epiphyte tank bromeliad and a very promising model to study the C3 to CAM transition. Results obtained on the Laboratory of Plant Physiology on IBUSP showed that this transition occurs differently along the leaf blade o this species, as it is much stronger on the apical portion of the leaf, when compared to the basal one. Another research, from the same group, strongly suggests that on the induction of CAM in young pineapple plants is mediated by abscisic acid (ABA) and nitric oxide (NO). Based on both of these results, this work intends to characterize the role of NO and ABA in CAM signaling, using as a model of study a species which is generally accepted to be a facultative CAM on natural conditions. Besides that, G. Monostachia shows different degrees of CAM along the leaf blade, which makes an interesting model of it for signaling studies. It was also attempted to use detached leaves as a valid model of study for this species. Since no remarkable differences were detected between an experiment performed with whole plants or detached leaves alone, it was chosen to carry over the work using only detached leaves. The induction of CAM was performed by drought, using a 30% polyethyleneglycol (PEG) solution. The nocturnal acid accumulation and the activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) enzymes were measured in three portions of the leaf (basal, middle and apical). The water amount was indicative of the water loss on foliar tissues. NO participation was assessed through chemioluminescence, spectrofluorimetry and in situ localization by fluorescence microscopy. A NO donor was also used. ABA was quantified by gas chromatography associated with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The leaves changed the photosynthetic metabolism from C3 to CAM on the sixth day after the beginning of PEG exposure (as stated by the nocturnal acid accumulation and PEPC activity), but the decrease in water amount values started soon, after 12 hours of exposure, and stabilizing after 24 hours. The major loss of water percentage was detected on the basal portion, persisting until the seventh day, while on the apical portion, after two days the control and PEG-treated leaves remained similar. Since the C3-CAM change occurred in the apical portion, it is possible to suggest a signal transport from the base to the apex of the leaf in response to water loss. Indeed, the ABA levels remained higher with the water loss along the whole leaf, but with greater intensity on the apical portion. Higher NO levels were also detected on PEG-treated leaves, but only on the apical portion. The in situ localization of NO corroborates the spectrofluorimetry, showing an increase on the sixth day after PEG exposure on the leaf apex. In conclusion, both NO and ABA seem to participate on the signaling of CAM. Possibly, ABA plays a decisive role on indicating drought, because it increases on the whole leaf subjected to PEG, while NO is, maybe, a secondary signal, specific to processes that occur only on the apical portion, such as the CAM induction.
Mioto, Paulo Tamaso. "Sinalização do óxido nítrico sobre a regulação do Metabolismo Ácido das Crassuláceas (CAM) em Guzmania monostachia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41132/tde-02122016-095125/.
Full textGuzmania monstachia is an epiphytic tank-bromeliad capable of up-regulating CAM under water deficit. Moreover, the increase in CAM is stronger in the apical portion of the leaf, when compared to the base. Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule involved in the regulation of CAM, but the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are still largely unknown. NO is capable of interacting with proteins through a process known as nitrosylation. Here, we investigated whether NO could regulate CAM by protein nitrosylation. In order to do so, we performed three experiments. In the first one, detached leaves were maintained for 7 days in water or in a solution containing 30% of poliethylene glycol 6000 (PEG). During this period, the water percentage, water potential, contents of chlorophylls and carotenoids, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) activity, nocturnal malate and citrate accumulation, and NO emission were monitored daily in the basal and apical portions of the leaf. At the seventh day of the water shortage, quantification of total nitrosothiols and in-gel visualization of nitrosylated proteins were also performed in the apical portion. The second experiment consisted in incubating proteic extracts of G. monostachia with reducedglutathione (GSH) or S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) to assess the impact of nitrosylation in enzymatic activity. The enzymes selected to this step were PEPC, malate dehydrogenase (MDH), ascorbate peroxydase (APX), catalase (CAT) and NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP-ICDH). The third experiment consisted in the application of the NO scavenger 2-(4-carboxifenil)-4,4,5,5-tetrametilimidazolina-1-oxil-3-óxido (cPTIO) or gaseous NO to leaves maintained in water or in PEG 30%, respectively. The results show that there was an increase of both CAM and NO in the leaf apex at the sixth day of water deficit. The level of nitrosylated proteins, however, decreased in this portion, indicating that the emission of NO may be the result of a de-nitrosylation process. In fact, the activity of three (PEPC, APX and NADP-ICDH) out of five enzymes analyzed decreased with nitrosylation. Therefore, NO does not regulate directly the activity of CAM enzymes. Nevertheless, exogenous NO increased all of the assayed CAM parameters after 5 days, indicating transcriptional control of CAM-related genes
Pikart, Filipe Christian 1988. "Heterogeneidade fotossintética em folhas de Guzmania monostachia (L.) Rusby ex Mez (Bromeliaceae)." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/315312.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T03:32:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pikart_FilipeChristian_M.pdf: 1633217 bytes, checksum: 40896cc3191e7fb0cbac5cb3699d7b31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: As espécies epífitas estão submetidas a períodos de escassez hídrica devido ao regime intermitente de chuvas e à falta de acesso à água do solo. Entretanto, algumas espécies apresentam estratégias para a manutenção do seu conteúdo hídrico, tais como a expressão do Metabolismo Ácido das Crassuláceas (CAM). Guzmania monostachia é uma bromélia epífita que apresenta regulação positiva do CAM quando submetida a um período de deficiência hídrica. Em trabalho anterior, após sete dias de restrição hídrica, a espécie apresentou um CAM do tipo idling, caracterizado pelo fechamento estomático durante os períodos claro e escuro associado ao acúmulo noturno de ácidos orgânicos. Também foi observado um gradiente funcional ao longo das folhas, onde o ápice apresentou maior número de estômatos, de pigmentos relacionados à fotossíntese e da atividade das enzimas PEPC e MDH, sugerindo maior atividade fotossintética e capacidade para expressão do CAM nessa porção comparativamente às regiões mediana e a basal. Recentemente vem sendo utilizado um modelo de folhas destacadas mantidas em polietileno glicol (PEG) para a indução do déficit hídrico nos estudos com essa bromélia. A partir disso surgiu a necessidade de se obter informações sobre o efeito da aplicação do PEG em plantas inteiras. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho visou avaliar o metabolismo fotossintético e caracterizar o perfil espacial de carboidratos não estruturais, levando em consideração a divisão funcional existente na folha dessa espécie, ao longo de um período de restrição hídrica imposta pela aplicação de uma solução de PEG 30%. Foram realizadas medidas de assimilação líquida de carbono, transpiração, condutância estomática, coeficiente de extinção não fotossintético e eficiência potencial/operacional do PSII. Amostras foram coletas para a quantificação do teor relativo de água, clorofilas, carotenoides, malato e carboidratos não estruturais. Com a indução do déficit hídrico ocorreu uma redução do conteúdo hídrico e consequentemente houve a regulação positiva do CAM em todas as porções, com destaque para a região mediana no quarto dia de tratamento. Foi possível observar tanto redução quanto acréscimo na expressão do CAM por meio da variação no acúmulo noturno de malato ao longo dos dias. Na situação controle, o padrão diurno de assimilação líquida de CO2 foi semelhante à de uma espécie C3. Porém, associado a esse padrão, ocorreu uma variação noite/dia no conteúdo de malato, caracterizando-a como um CAM cycling. Ao final do período de déficit hídrico, a assimilação de CO2 atmosférico foi restrita a dois breves momentos no dia, não alcançando completamente o CAM idling. Nesse ponto, a reciclagem do CO2 pela formação do malato apresentou importância na redução da perda de carbono. Por meio de um fluorômetro de imagem foi possível, pela primeira vez para essa espécie, observar regiões de maior eficiência do PSII que podem estar relacionadas à disponibilidade de CO2 proveniente da descarboxilação do malato. Quanto à avaliação dos carboidratos não estruturais, o amido apresentou comportamento inverso ao do malato, possivelmente sendo o carboidrato utilizado na formação de fosfoenolpiruvato. Foi observada uma maior quantidade de amido no conjunto ápice/mediana sugerindo uma fonte enquanto que, um maior conteúdo de açúcares solúveis na base sugere um dreno de utilização
Abstract: Epiphytic species are subjected to periods of water shortage resulting from seasonal rainfall and the lack access to ground water. However, some species are capable of inducing Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) in order to maintain the water content. Guzmania monostachia is an epiphytic bromeliad capable of CAM up-regulating when exposed to water deficit. In a previous study, this species exhibited CAM idling when submitted to drought during seven days. This type of CAM is characterized by closure stomata during day/night and a nocturnal acidification. Additionally, leaf functional gradient was observed: the apex portion present higher stomata density, amount of photosynthetic pigment, and PEPC/MDH activities when compared to the middle and basal portions. Recently, a model with detached leaves maintained in a polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution to induce water deficit has been used in several studies in this bromeliad. Therefore, further information was needed to understand the effect of use PEG in whole plants. Based on those results, this study aimed to evaluate the photosynthetic metabolism and the non-structural carbohydrate spatial distribution along the leaf in this species under drought condition induced by PEG 30%. Measurements of gas exchange, transpiration, stomatal conductance, non-photochemical quenching and potential/operational efficiency of PSII were performed and samples were collected to measure relative water content, chlorophylls, carotenoids, malate and non-structural carbohydrate amounts. In the fourth day of water deficit, the reduction of relative water content resulted in up-regulation of CAM mainly in the middle portion. It was possible to observe up and down-regulation of CAM by variation in nocturnal accumulation of malate along the days. In the control, the pattern of net carbon assimilation was similar to C3 species. However, this pattern was accompanied by variation in dawn/dusk malate, characterizing it as a CAM cycling. At the end of the drought period, the atmospheric CO2 assimilation was restricted to two short periods of the day, without expression of CAM idling. Nevertheless, CO2 recycling for malate formation showed great relevance to decrease carbon loss. For the first time in this species, it was possible to show spots of high efficiency of PSII (using an imaging fluorometer) suggesting a CO2 availability from malate decarboxylation. Among the non-structural carbohydrates analyzed, only starch presented an inverse diel pattern in relation to malate, indicating that this carbohydrate was possibly used to generate phosphoenolpyruvate. The results suggested that apical and middle portions of the leaf would act as a source due to the high starch levels, while the basal portion would be an utilization sink because of elevated sugar amounts
Mestrado
Biologia Vegetal
Mestre em Biologia Vegetal
Freschi, Luciano. "Sinalização hormonal e do óxido nítrico na indução do metabolismo ácido crassuláceo em Ananas comosus." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41132/tde-28012009-162750/.
Full textThe Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) expression in C3-CAM facultative plants can be strongly modulated by a diversity of environmental and endogenous signals. Since pineapple (Ananas comosus, variety Smooth Cayenne) plants can perform either C3 or CAM photosynthesis when grown in vitro, this work attempted to investigate the involvement of four hormonal classes (abscisic acid, cytokinins, auxins and ethylene), cytosolic calcium (Ca2+cit.) and nitric oxide (NO) on the regulation of CAM expression in this bromeliad. To achieve this, the levels of these signaling compounds were measured during the pineapple C3-to-CAM induction and the CAM-to-C3 reversion. Furthermore, the degree of CAM expression in plants treated with these compounds and their inhibitors of synthesis, transport or perception was also analyzed. The data obtained showed that the endogenous levels of ABA were positively correlated with the degree of CAM expression in pineapple, since the C3-to-CAM transition and the CAM-to-C3 reversion in this bromeliad were preceded by, respectively, increases and decreases in the ABA leaf content. Consistent with these results; exogenously applied ABA increased the CAM expression in plants maintained in the absence of water stress, thus, indicating a stimulatory effect of this hormone on the A. comosus CAM expression. However, the inhibition of ABA accumulation did not affect the CAM induction by water stress, suggesting that the pineapple C3-to-CAM transition can occur via both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signaling pathways. On the opposite, the data indicated that cytokinins act as negative regulators of CAM expression in pineapple, since the adding of this hormone partially inhibited the CAM induction by water stress and, additionally, the endogenous levels of the four cytokinins analyzed were inversely proportional to the degree of CAM expression in this bromeliad. Auxins and ethylene, conversely, seem not to be involved in the regulation of the C3-to-CAM transition and the CAM-to-C3 reversion in pineapple. On the other hand, the data obtained indicated, by the first time, a positive signaling role for the NO on the expression of CAM photosynthesis. For instance, it was observed that the exogenously applied NO increased the CAM expression in pineapple plants and, in agreement; there was an elevation in the production of this free radical during the water stress-induced C3-to-CAM transition. Additionally, the elevation of the NO synthesis in the pineapple leaf tissues occurred mainly in the chlorenchyma, which is the plant tissue responsible for most of the metabolic changes necessary to the CAM photosynthesis establishment. The results also suggested that the NO may act as a second messenger of the ABA signal in the pineapple CAM induction, since the production of this free radical in ABA-treated plants increased considerably and, in parallel, treatments with a NO scavenger partially blocked the ABA-induced C3-to-CAM transition. Finally, treatments with calcium chelator or ionophore indicated that the increase in the cytosolic concentration of this ion plays a crucial role in the regulation of the CAM induction by water stress in A. comosus.According to the results, changes in the concentration of Ca2+ cytosolic seem to represent a convergence point between the ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signaling cascade leading to CAM induction in pineapple. Taken together, the data obtained in the present work indicated that ABA, NO and cytosolic Ca2+ interact during the signaling events leading to the pineapple C3-CAM transition, while the cytokinins seem to repress the expression of CAM photosynthesis.
Nascimento, Davi Roncoletta. "Respostas de CAM às variações ambientais na bromélia Dyckia tuberosa (Vellozo) Beer." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41134/tde-21012013-143339/.
Full textPlants with crassulacean acid metabolism are able to support conditions of low availability of water through a carbon dioxide concentration system which increases the efficiency of use of water through an overnight CO2 fixture under low deficit of vapor pressure between the leaf and the atmosphere. This process favors the occupation of arid regions and places where water can quickly become unavailable. The occurrence of this type photosynthetic covers a wide range of taxa, including the Bromeliaceae family. Among the species of Bromeliaceae presenting CAM is Dickya tuberose, a species that has a great abundance on rocky outcrops associated with natural monument of Pedra Grande - Atibaia - SP. At this site, D. tuberose has a role in vegetation associated with surface rock exposed as an essential component of communities called \"vegetation islands\". The conditions prevailing in the rocky outcrop of Pedra Grande are of great scarcity of land and water, and extreme exposure. The variations in water availability in rocky outcrop would be due, among other reasons, the size of the islands where vegetation D. tuberose occurs and the characteristics of inclination and orientation of the slope of the rocky surface where the island is installed. From the observations in the natural environment, wonders whether the patterns of assimilation in D. tuberose related to CAM presents variations associated characteristics of vegetation islands where it occurs. To investigate this relationship, plants of D. tuberose were studied in field and semi-controlled conditions in a greenhouse. The technique used to characterize patterns of CAM was the titration acidity of the mesophyll. In both experimental groups undergoing different periods of suspension of irrigation as in samples obtained directly from the field, there are patterns of variation in acidity that may be associated with variations in water supply. The changes were characterized by the difference in acidity between the early morning and late afternoon. The reduction in amplitude of the variation coincided with the intensity of the restriction in water supply. However, the variation was associated with reduced acidity value at the end of the day, which would be associated with a reduction in the recapture of CO2 during the illumination period. The major influence detected on plants in the field was the relative humidity. It is conjectured a part of the assimilation of water through the leaves of D. tuberose as an essential attribute of the occupation of substrate in Pedra Grande - Atibaia
Pereira, Paula Natália. "Divisão espacial da atividade das enzimas PEPC e da NR e sua regulação por citocininas em folhas de Guzmania monostachia induzidas ao CAM." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41132/tde-19122012-215637/.
Full textPrior studies undertaken in the Laboratory of Plant Physiology on IBUSP with Guzmania monostachia have shown that during water shortage, CAM induction occurs with greater expression in the apical portion of the leaf. In the case of another species (Vriesea gigantean), more intense nitrate reductase (NR) enzyme activity was observed in the basal portion during the daytime. In a certain terrestrial bromeliad (Ananas comosus), signaling by cytokinins, both in the induction of gene expression as well as NR activation, was observed. According to other laboratories, the cytokinins seem to play a negative regulation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) in CAM induced Mesembryanthemum crystallinum plants. As a result of accumulated knowledge, new questions have arisen, such as: Are there daily variations in PEPC and NR enzymes activity in the different portions of CAM induced leaves of G. monostachia? Would the more pronounced nocturnal availability of carbon skeletons (accumulation of acidity) positively influence NR activity, with consequential displacement of its peak of activity to this period? Would variations in endogenous cytokinins concentration accompany possible changes in PEPC and NR activity, thereby indicating the participation of this hormonal class in their regulation? The main aim in the present study was to investigate the possible regulation of PEPC and NR activity by cytokinins in detached CAM-induced leaves of the epiphyte tank bromeliad Guzmania monostachia (Bromeliaceae). The expectations with this research were to study more deeply the inter-relationship between photosynthetic behavior, the capacity for nitrogen assimilation and the possible regulation of PEPC and NR activity by endogenous cytokinins. Analyses of titratable acidity, organic acids, endogenous starch and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) enzyme activity confirmed CAM induction in isolated leaves of G. monostachia kept in polyethylene glycol (PEG) at a concentration of 30%. The use of this compound was efficient in reducing relative water content and imposing leaf water deficiency. Furthermore, compared to the basal portion, greater CAM expression could be observed in the apical portion of leaves kept in PEG 30%. Analyses of PEPC and NR activity allowed detecting their mutual spatial separation, seeing that, in the first greater activity was concentrated in the leaf apex, while in the second this was more pronounced in the basal portion. Even so, no temporal separation could be observed, since peak of activity for both occurred at night. The peak of nocturnal NR activity (1 hour) was observed in control leaves or those undergoing water deficiency, thereby implying that factors, other than CAM metabolism, exerted an influence on the occurrence of more intense activity of this enzyme at this time. Furthermore, there were indications that cytokinins possibly act as a negative regulator of PEPC activity during the daytime, when the highest endogenous levels of this hormone were observed, whereas it was apparent that the most intense activity of this enzyme actually occurred at night, when Z+iP rates decreased significantly. Z or iP application also induced a decrease in the activity of this enzyme. On the other hand, the cytokinins acted as a positive regulator of NR activity, since the nocturnal peak of activity of this enzyme was preceded by 3 or 6 hours by higher endogenous levels of cytokinins in the basal portion of leaves maintained in water or PEG 30%, respectively. The application of free cytokinins induced a significant increase in NR activity in the base of detached leaves kept in water or PEG 30%
Bispo, Simone Mesquita. "Variação na composição isotópica do carbono e nitrogênio da matéria orgânica e biomassa da coroa foliar de Aechmea aquilega (Salisb.) griseb bromeliaceae em caatinga, agreste e mata atlântica de Sergipe." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2011. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4447.
Full textEstudos isotópicos para determinar os valores dos isótopos do carbono foliar mostram que estes variam -10 a -28 do padrão PDB. Este estudo analisou a composição isotópica do Carbono e Nitrogênio foliar e a matéria orgânica acumulada na coroa foliar de Aechmea aquilega de três habitats: Caatinga (Poço Verde), Mata Atlântica (Pirambu) e em um área de transição Mata Atlântica Caatinga (Areia Branca). Em cada habitat foi coletado quatro bromélias que vivem em moitas e quatro plantas isoladas em substratos do chão com o objetivo de avaliar a hipótese de facilitação da bromélia-tanque como acumuladora de matéria orgânica. As folhas e a matéria orgânica da coroa foliar foram secas em estufa ventilada, trituradas, peneiradas e as análises isotópicas do carbono, nitrogênio, teor de carbono e nitrogênio total foram realizadas no CENA-USP. Os resultados das analises de teor C:N e razões isotópicas mostraram variações significativas do carbono e nitrogênio na coroa foliar, assim como na abundância total tanto na biomassa foliar como na matéria orgânica particulada. As plantas da Caatinga e Mata Atlântica assimilam carbono facultativamente, enquanto as bromélias do ecótono, Parque Nacional da Serra de Itabaiana responderam como CAM obrigatórias tanto quando em moitas como isoladas, assim como estas bromélias tem composição de origem autóctone provavelmente de áreas abertas-graminosa. A razão isotópica do N15 é 22 vezes mais enriquecido na biomassa foliar das bromélias da Caatinga em relação às plantas das Areias Branca e 2,6 maiores que em habitat de Mata Atlântica, enquanto a matéria orgânica particulada em todos habitats foi enriquecida, porém a origem desta matéria orgânica necessita de explicações, todavia, o estudo apoiou a hipótese de facilitação no papel funcional da bromélia nos três habitats. De acordo com o estudo, foi observado que o sucesso adaptativo maior das plantas da Caatinga quando associada a moitas o mesmo não foi verificado nos outros habitats. Nas Areias Brancas, o substrato arenoso-quartizoso é quente, altamente permeável, favorecendo a evaporação e déficit hídrico no verão o que sugere que haja uma condição de grande estresse, a qual essas bromélias-tanque estão bem adaptadas no solo e não nas árvores.
Calzado, Natália Fermino. "O ácido hexanoico pode modular o metabolismo antioxidante e o metabolismo nitrosativo em cafeeiro /." Rio Claro, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183186.
Full textResumo: As plantas em seu ambiente respondem a uma infinidade complexa de fatores que podem romper sua homeostase fisiológica. Com relação aos estresses abióticos, a capacidade de organismos vegetais responderem a esses estresses é flexível e depende do balanceamento da interação entre moléculas de sinalização. Destacam-se entre as moleculas sinalizadora em plantas as espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs) e espécies reativas de nitrogênio (ERNs), que estão envolvidos na aclimatação a estresses abióticos. O transporte, a biossíntese e o metabolismo de EROs e ERNs influenciam os mecanismos de resposta das plantas ao ambiente. Um elemento chave na geração de EROs em plantas são a NADPH oxidases, que são enzimas codificadas por uma família gênica em plantas, pouco estudada do ponto de vista evolutivo. Já um elemento regulador importante da homeostase de ERNs em plantas são as S-nitrosoglutationa redutases, enzimas também pouco estudadas do ponto de vista evolutivo. Nos últimos anos, diversos trabalhos sugerem que as plantas podem ser elicitadas por compostos químicos para melhor tolerar estresses abióticos. No entanto, os mecanismos de reprogramação fisiológica e transcricional por trás destes sinalizadores ainda são pouco conhecidos. O ácido hexanoico é um ácido carboxílico que, em baixas concentrações, possui um efeito indutor de resistência e modulador do metabolismo em diversos sistemas vegetais. No entanto, o impacto do ácido hexanoico na geração de EROs e de ERNs nunca foi avaliado.... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Plants in their environment respond to a complex infinity of factors that can interfere their physiological homeostasis. Regarding abiotic stresses, the ability of plants to respond to these stresses is flexible and depends on balancing the interaction among signaling molecules. Among the signaling molecules in plants, we highlight reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which are involved in acclimatization to abiotic stresses. The transport, biosynthesis and metabolism of ROS and ERNs influence plant response mechanisms to the environment. A key element in the generation of EROs in plants are NADPH oxidases, which are enzymes encoded by a gene family in plants, that is scarcely studied in an evolutionary approach. An important regulator of the homeostasis of plant ERNs is S-nitrosoglutathione reductase, which is also a poorly addressed enzyme in terms of evolutionary studies. Recently, several studies have suggested that plants can be elicited by chemical compounds, to better tolerate abiotic stresses. However, the mechanisms of physiological and transcriptional reprogramming behind these signaling molecules are still poorly understood. Hexanoic acid is a carboxylic acid, which, at low concentrations, can induce resistance to stresses and it can also modulate metabolism on numerous plant systems. However, the impact of hexanoic acid on the generation of ROS and ERNs has never been evaluated. In this project, we tested the hypothesis if hexanoic ac... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Fernandes, Eduardo Felipe Alves. "Estudo do metabolismo in vitro do diterpeno ácido caurenoico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60138/tde-21062013-154933/.
Full textIn spite of the widespread and historical use of products of the Brazilian biodiversity for medical purposes, little is known about the fate of these products after their absorption into the organism; which are the products of metabolism, their toxicity and elimination kinetics. In this master thesis the in vitro metabolism of the diterpene kaurenoic acid was studied. This terpene is widely spread in the plant kingdom. Its presence can especially be highlighted in two of the most consumed phytotherapeutics by the brazilian population: the copaíba oil (Copaifera ssp.) and the guaco syrup (Mikania glomerata and Mikania leavigata. Among the principal metabolic reactions in humans, the oxidation reactions catalyzed by cytochrome P450 (CYP450) have a key role in the detoxification of xenobiotics. The objective of this thesis was the study of in vitro biomimetic models of the reactions carried out by CYP450 using metalloporphyrins and salen catalysts as analogs of the CYP450. Seven catalysts were applied in a homogeneous medium: 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin iron and manganese III chloride (FeTFPP) and (MnTFPP), 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(2,6-dichlorophenyl)porphyrin iron and manganese III chloride (FeTDCPP) and (MnTDCPP), (R,R)-(-)N,N-bis(3,5-di-tertbutylsalicylidene)- 1,2-diaminocyclohexyl manganese III (R-Salen) chloride, (S,S)-(-)N,Nbis( 3,5-di-terc- butylsalicylidene)-1,2-diaminocyclohexyl manganese III (S-Salen) chloride and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(phenyl)porphyrin iron III chloride (FeTPP). As oxygen donors iodosylbenzene (PhIO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) and metachlorperoxybenzoic acid (MCPBA) have been tested. In the majority of the systems the formation of three predominant oxidation products was observed: An epoxidated, a mono- and a dihydroxylated derivative, of which the chemical structure was proposed based on the analysis of the mass spectrometric fragmentation pattern. It was observed that the nature of the oxidant influences more markedly the reactivity as well as the formation of the products. The catalysts FeTFPP and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis- (4-N-methyl pyridine)porphyrin iron III chloride (FeTMPyP) immobilized with inorganic supports were assessed as well. Using these immobilized catalysts, a higher proportion of oxidation products of the kaurenoic acid was observed. Finally, the oxidation of kaurenoic acid was assessed using rat microsomes. In this system only one product was produced that showed a similar mass spectrum and retention time as the dihydroxylated derivative obtained in the reactions using metalloporphyrins.This thesis showed evidences of the route of metabolization of an important natural product, and additionally reinforces the capacity of metalloporphyrins in attaining biomimetic catalysis.
Loureiro, Bruna Agy. "Fibra, metabolismo ácido-básico e balanço de macroelementos em gatos /." Jaboticabal, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138190.
Full textBanca: Cristiana Fonseca Ferreira Pontieri
Banca: Márcia de Oliveira Sampaio Gomes
Banca: Telma Teresinha Berchielli
Banca: Thaila Cristina Putarov
Resumo: As fibras dietéticas são um grupo de carboidratos de interesse da nutrição de gatos. Estas são utilizadas em formulações específicas para gatos para reduzir a densidade energética de alimentos, previner e/ou auxilar o tratamento de doenças gastrintestinais e metabólicas e também para promover saúde intestinal devido ao estímulo de microorganismos produtores de ácidos graxos voláteis. Contudo, pouca informação existe a respeito das consequências metabólicas do consumo de fibras por gatos, seu efeito na excreção de água e eletrólitos, produção de urina ou mesmo o efeito da absorção de ácidos orgânicos derivados da fermentação microbiana intestinal. Este estudo verificou a influencia da fibra dietetica no balanço hidro-eletrolitico e de macroelementos, produção de oxalato e equilibrio ácido-basico de gatos. Foram utilizados 18 gatos adultos e três dietas: BP0, um dieta controle sem adição de fibra; PB8, com adição de 8% de polpa de beterrada e PB16, com adição de 16% de polpa de beterraba. Após 15 dias de adaptação, o consumo de alimento e água foram monitorados e as fezes e urina foram coletadas durante 8 dias. Neste período foram determinados o balanço hídrico dos animais, densidade, pH e volume de urina e coletadas amostras para determinação da concentração urinária de cálcio, fósforo, cloreto, sódio, potássio, magnésio, enxofre, ácido úrico, citrato e oxalato, para calculo da supersaturação relativa para oxalato de cálcio (SSR OxCa). Também foram determinados tempo de retenç... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Dietary fibers are a group of carbohydrate of interest to the nutrition of cats. These are used in specific formulations for cats to reduce food energy density, avoid or assist the treatment of gastrointestinal and metabolic diseases and also to promote intestinal health due to stimulus of microorganisms to produce volatile fatty acids. However, there is little information about the metabolic consequences of fiber intake for cats, their effect on water and electrolytes excretion, urine production, or even the effect of absorption of organic acids derived from intestinal microbial fermentation. The present study verified the influence of dietary fiber in water and macroelements balance, oxalate production and acid-base balance of cats. It were used 18 adult cats and three diets: BP0, a control diet without adding fiber; BP8 with 8% beet pulp added and BP16, with 16% beet pulp added. After 15 days of adaptation, food and water consumption were monitored, and feces and urine were collected 8 consecutive days. During this period were determined water balance of the animals, urine density, pH and volume and samples were collected to determine the urinary concentration of calcium, phosphorus, chloride, sodium, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, uric acid, citrate and oxalate, for calculation of relative supersaturation for calcium oxalate (RSS CaOx). Also were determined food retention time in the digestive tract, fecal fermentation end-products, hairball excretion and acid-base status ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Books on the topic "Metabolismo ácido das crassuláceas"
Estupiñan, Víctor Hugo, María del Pilar Triana Reyes, and Diana Patricia Jiménez Duran. Bases para la interpretación y análisis de gases arteriovenosos. Editorial Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35985/9789585583801.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Metabolismo ácido das crassuláceas"
"REGULACIÓN RENAL DEL BALANCE ÁCIDO-BASE." In FISIOLOGÍA RENAL Y METABOLISMO HIDROSALINO, 141–58. Ediciones UC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvkrkkfc.11.
Full textCasetta, Jaísa, Vanessa Lewandowski, Cesar Sary, Pedro Luiz de Castro, and Laís Santana Celestino Mantovani. "METABOLISMO DO ÁCIDO FÍTICO E FITASE E SUA UTILIZAÇÃO NA PISCICULTURA." In Avanços Científicos e Tecnológicos nas Ciências Agrárias 3, 123–33. Atena Editora, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.34420240912.
Full textVENÂNCIO ELOY DE ALMEIDA, NETO, OLIVEIRA AUTA PAULINA DA SILVA, CAVALCANTE IGOR ENÉAS, MELO YURI LIMA, and MELO ALBERTO SOARES DE. "ÁCIDO SALICÍLICO E METIONINA PROMOVEM A MANUTENÇÃO DO STATUS HÍDRICO PELO AJUSTAMENTO OSMÓTICO EM FEIJÃO-CAUPI “BRS-NOVAERA”." In PERSPECTIVAS DAS CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS NA SOCIEDADE 5.0: EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA E AMOR, 315–21. Instituto Internacional Despertando Vocações, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31692/978-65-88970-07-2.315-321.
Full textAndrade, Wellerson Leite de, Alberto Soares de Melo, Venâncio Eloy de Almeida Neto, Igor Enéas Cavalcante, and Yuri Lima Melo. "Ácido salicílico altera o metabolismo antioxidante e osmorregulador de feijão-Caupi submetido ao déficit hídrico." In Semiárido Brasileiro – Volume 6. Editora Poisson, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36229/978-65-86127-62-1.cap.14.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Metabolismo ácido das crassuláceas"
Siqueira, Edmilson Clarindo De, José Adonias Alves De França, and Bogdan Doboszewski. "OS DERIVADOS DE ÁCIDO FOSFÓRICO QUE DOMINAM O MUNDO VIVO." In I Congresso Nacional On-line de Biologia Celular e Estrutural. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1952.
Full textBatista, Thais Bispo. "TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA RELACIONADO AO USO DO ÁCIDO VALPROICO NA GESTAÇÃO: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA." In II Congresso Brasileiro de Ciências Farmacêuticas On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1042.
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