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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Metal alkalin

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Academic literature on the topic 'Metal alkalin'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Metal alkalin"

1

Martínez, S., F. Acción, and F. Puertas. "Caracterización de nitratos alcalinos y alcalinotérreos por espectroscopía vibracional." Materiales de Construcción 42, no. 227 (September 30, 1992): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.1992.v42.i227.704.

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Zusfahair, Zusfahair, Puji Lestari, and Ari Asnani. "ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI PROTEASE ALKALIN DARI ISOLAT BAKTERI LIMBAH TERNAK DI EXFARM FAKULTAS PETERNAKAN UNSOED." Molekul 6, no. 1 (May 1, 2011): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2011.6.1.91.

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Protease is one of the widely used enzymes for the industry. The potential resource of microorganism that produced protease is milk cow waste. In this research, isolation and characterization has been done toward isolated protease from milk cow waste of the Exfarm’s Animal Husbandry Faculty at University of Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto. The research used experiment method and the parameters observed were the genus of bacteria which produce protease and the activity of protease. The characterizations of protease were determination of optimum pH and temperature, the influence of metal ions, EDTA, surfactant, and commercial detergent toward enzyme activity, and also the study of enzyme stability. The results from the research showed that the isolated bacteria from the Exfarm’s of Animal Husbandry Faculty of UNSOED, which produced protease was Salmonella sp. Characterization of isolated Salmonella sp. from 45% ammonium sulphate fraction indicated that the optimum temperature was 50 ºC, optimum pH was 8, the enzyme was activated by Ca2+ dan Mg2+ ion, whereas it was inhibited by Zn2+, Cu2+ ions and EDTA. The addition of Tween-80 with the concentration of 0.2% and 0.4% increased protease activity, however the addition of Tween-80 with concentration higher than 0.6% decreased the protease activity. Enzyme protease from isolated Salmonella sp. was relatively stable with the addition of commercial detergent such as Attack, Surf, and Bukrim.

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Fatih ÇIĞ, Ferit SÖNMEZ, and Murat ERMAN. "Tir Buğdayı Yetiştiriciliği Yapılan Alanların (Triticum aestivum L. var. leucospermum (Körn.) Farw.) Toprak ve Bitki Analizleri ile Beslenme Durumlarının Ortaya Konulması." ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences 4, no. 1 (May 2, 2020): 136–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/ispecjasvol4iss1pp136-153.

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Bu çalışma 2012 yılında Van merkez ile Erciş, Gevaş, Gürpınar ve Muradiye ilçelerinde önceden belirlenen karayoluna yakın toplam 26 noktadan alınan toprak ve buğday örneklerinde toprak özellikleri ile besin element durumları ve ağır metal içeriklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan toprak analizleri sonucunda bünye olarak kil (2 bölge), kumlu-killi-tın (9 bölge), kumlu-tın (6 bölge), killi-tın (1 bölge) ve tın (4 bölge), pH olarak, 7.80-8.59 (Alkalin) arasında değişmektedir. Bölge topraklarının tuz probleminin olmadığı (90-300 µS/cm) belirlenmiştir. Kireç içeriği bakımından çok az (%0.65) ile çok fazla (%76) arasında değişmektedirler. Organik madde içerikleri çok az (%0.24) ile yeter (%3.34) arasında oldukları belirlenmiştir. Toprak örneklerinin yarayışlı fosfor ve mikro elementlerden çinko açısından sorunlu olduğu görülmüştür. Bitki örneklerinde tane azot, fosfor, potasyum, magnezyum içerikleri tüm örnekleme noktalarında noksan sınıfında yer aldığı, demirde örnekleme alanlarının %50’si, bakırda %57.7’si, çinkoda %30.8’si ve selenyumda %50’sinin yeter değerlerin altında olduğu belirlenmiştir.

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Zhou, Jie, Jing Song Wang, Xia Li, and Feng Rong Fang. "Study on the Complexation of 5,11,17,23,29,35- Hexacarboxy-37,38,39,40,41,42-Hexa-Methoxy-Hydroxamic Calix[6]arene Extraction of Metal Ions." Advanced Materials Research 1004-1005 (August 2014): 683–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1004-1005.683.

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The complexation abilities of 5,11,17,23,29,35-hexacarboxy-37,38,39,40,41,42- hexa-methoxy-hydroxamic calix[6]arene extraction of metal ions (Cu2+, Ni2+, Na+, Fe3+, Cd3+, Mn2+, Pb2+) were studied. And the complexation ration of Cu2+ and Pb2+ were obtained by Job's method. The selective removal of Cu2+ (Pb2+) coexisting with alkali metals ions (Na+, K+) and alkaline earth metal ions (Ca2+, Mg2+), heavy metal ions (Zn2+, Mn2+, Pb2+(Cu2+), Ni2+) and anions (CO32-, C2O42-, SO42-, NO3-) were studied separately . The results revealed that the percent of Cu2+(Pb2+) removal in the presence of alkali metals ions and alkaline earth metal ions was over 83.8% (90%) and in the presence of anions was over 90.1% (81.3%) while the percent of Cu2+(Pb2+) removal in the presence of heavy metal ions was lower than 70.6% (70.0%), and the minimum percent of Cu2+(Pb2+) removal in the presence of heavy metal ions was 32.7% (61.2%).

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Rae, I. B., and S. W. Gibb. "Removal of metals from aqueous solutions using natural chitinous materials." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 10 (May 1, 2003): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0572.

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Four naturally derived chitinous materials, commercial cryogenically milled carapace (CCMC), mechanically milled carapace (MMC), chitin and chitosan, were assessed for their ability to remove a range of alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavy metals from aqueous media in flow-through column trials. The materials showed a poor affinity for the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals but significantly greater affinity for transition and heavy metals. In general, chitin was the least efficient material for removal of transition and heavy metals (≈35%) while chitosan was most effective (>99%). CCMC and MMC both removed >90% of transition and heavy metals tested from solution. Batch studies conducted using copper as a reference metal demonstrated that removal was dependent on a number of variables including pH, contact time, particle size, metal concentration, metal type and the physio-chemical characteristics of the materials. Detailed analysis of the results from these studies indicate that removal is a complex process and that metals can be sequestered from solution by a number of mechanisms including adsorption, absorption and precipitaion.

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Takesue, Naohisa, and Jun-ichi Saito. "Molecular Orbital Calculation of Lead-Free Perovskite Compounds for Efficient Use of Alkaline and Alkaline Earth Metals." Crystals 10, no. 11 (October 22, 2020): 956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10110956.

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The effective ionic charges of lead-free perovskite dielectric complex compounds were investigated with molecular orbital calculation. The base model was a double perovskite cluster that consisted of octahedral oxygen cages with a transition metal ion of titanium, niobium, or zirconium located at each of their centers, and alkali and/or alkaline earth metal ions located at the body center, corners, edge centers, or face centers of the cluster. The results showed significant covalent bonds between the transition metals and the oxygens, and the alkali metals, especially sodium and oxygen. On the other hand, the alkaline earth metals have weak covalency. Calculation was also performed with the replacement of some of the oxygens with chlorine or fluorine; such replacement enhances the covalency of the transition metals. These trends provide good guidelines for the design properties of lead-free perovskite piezoelectrics based on ubiquitous sodium use.

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Yin, Jun, Ying Hu, and Juyoung Yoon. "Fluorescent probes and bioimaging: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and pH." Chemical Society Reviews 44, no. 14 (2015): 4619–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cs00275j.

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This review highlights the recent advances that have been made in the design and bioimaging applications of fluorescent probes for alkali metals, alkaline earth metal cations and for pH determination within biological systems.

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Wang, Wankun, Fuchun Wang, and Fanghai Lu. "Microwave alkaline roasting-water dissolving process for germanium extraction from zinc oxide dust and its analysis by response surface methodology (RSM)." Metallurgical Research & Technology 115, no. 2 (December 6, 2017): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2017093.

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Microwave alkaline roasting-water dissolving process was proposed to improve the germanium (Ge) extraction from zinc oxide (ZnO) dust. The effects of important parameters were investigated and the process conditions were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The Ge extraction is consistent with the linear polynomial model type. Alkali-material ratio, microwave heating temperature and leaching temperature are the significant factors for this process. The optimized conditions are obtained as follows, alkali-material ratio of 0.9 kg/kg, aging time of 1.12 day, microwave heating at 658 K for 10 min, liquid–solid ratio of 4.31 L/kg, leaching temperature at 330 K, leaching time of 47 min with the Ge extraction about 99.38%. It is in consistence with the predictive value of 99.31%. Compared to the existed alkaline roasting process heated by electric furnace in literature, the alkaline roasting temperature and holding time. It shows a good prospect on leaching Ge from ZnO dust with microwave alkaline roasting-water dissolving process.

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Simon, Arndt. "Metal clusters inside out." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 368, no. 1915 (March 28, 2010): 1285–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0271.

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Solid-state chemistry of cluster compounds with metals in the left part of the periodic table is described. As a function of the metal valence electron concentration (VEC), characteristic changes occur with stepwise changing features. Strongly metal–metal-bonded and ligand-encapsulated clusters exist for large values of VEC. At decreased values, endohedral atoms stabilize the clusters, and with the lowest values, only clusters exist with no ligand shell. This general trend holds for systems with discrete, as well as condensed, clusters as illustrated for d metals, including the lanthanides, alkaline earth and alkali metals.

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Kasenov, B. K. "SYNTHESIS AND X-RAY INVESTIGATION OF NOVEL NANOSTRUCTURED COPPER-ZINC MANGANITES OF LANTHANUM AND ALKALI METALS." Eurasian Physical Technical Journal 18, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2021no1/29-33.

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The aim of this work is to synthesize new nanostructured copper-zinc lanthanum and alkaline metal manganites. Polycrystalline copper-zinc manganites of lanthanum and alkali metals were synthesized by the method of ceramic technology from lanthanum (III), copper (II), zinc (II), manganese (III) oxides, and lithium, sodium, and potassium carbonates in the range of 800-1200 oC. Nanostructured particles were obtained by grinding the synthesized polycrystalline compounds at the «MM301» vibration mill of «Retsch» (Germany). By indexing X-ray images of nanostructured copper-zinc lanthanum and alkaline metal manganites, it was found that they crystallize in cubic syngony. Their lattice parameters are determined. There is a pattern in the change of the lattice parameters from the ionic radii of alkaline metals.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Metal alkalin"

1

Robinson, Alex Lockwood. "Sonoluminescence for the quantitative analysis of alkali and alkaline earth chlorides /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8687.

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Jones, Sally Anne. "Alkali and alkaline earth metal fluoride mediated aromoatic halogen exchange reactions." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367085.

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Witherow, Rebecca A. "Minor Alkaline Earth Element and Alkali Metal Behavior in Closed-Basin Lakes." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250628213.

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Davidson, Matthew Gwilym. "Alkali and alkaline earth metal complexes of multifunctional amines : syntheses, structures and uses." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272659.

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Chen, Chun-che. "Correlation between electrical and magnetic properties in alkali and alkaline earth metal doped lanthanum manganites /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Chen, Jian. "Alkali metal cluster theory." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305984.

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Santoru, Antonio [Verfasser]. "Insights into the structure and reaction mechanism of alkali and alkaline-earth metal amide-metal hydride composite systems for hydrogen storage / Antonio Santoru." Hamburg : Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Bibliothek, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162510706/34.

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Matranca, Guillermo. "New Jellium Model for Alkali Metals and its Future Applications to Metal Clusters." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/657.

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This research develops a new method for understanding the properties of materials. The new method was applied to alkali metals to examine how well it can predict the Wigner-Seitz radius, rs. Pseudo-potentials for the individual atoms were generated and utilized to obtain the interaction energy within these metals. The system involves 4 coulombic charges; two of them are the result of the neutral atom (one valence electron and one positive core charge for alkali atoms) and the other two are background charges of equal and opposite amount. This coulombic interaction will behave differently depending on the element that composes the system. There are four groups of energy for this system. One of them has the appearance of the Jellium model, which is solved with Density Functional Theory. From the other three groups, one of them will alter the minimum of the Jellium model for different elements in the system. This group is partially calculated with the help of Ewald summation. This calculation exemplifies that bcc is favored since it is lower in energy than fcc, which is in agreement with experiments for alkali metals. The correction to this energy will be due to the core electrons' interaction with a uniform negative charge background. This new method will also be beneficial to calculate the ground state energy of clusters by introducing surface boundaries in the system.

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Potratz, Christopher M. "The Synthesis, Structure and Characterization of Extended Cobalt Ruthenium Carbonyl Compounds." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275413923.

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Tonti, Dino. "Photoelectron spectroscopy Study of the intercalation reaction of alkali metals in transition metal dichalcogenides." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2000/145/index.html.

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Books on the topic "Metal alkalin"

1

Brian, Nordstrom, ed. Alkali and alkaline earth metals. New York, NY: Facts on File, 2010.

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Halka, Monica. Alkali and alkaline earth metals. New York, NY: Facts on File, 2010.

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Drit͡s, M. E. Splavy shchelochnykh i shchelochnozemelʹnykh metallov: Spravochnik. Moskva: "Metallurgii͡a", 1986.

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Harder, Sjoerd, ed. Alkaline-Earth Metal Compounds. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36270-5.

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Noble, E. G. Solubilities of chloride salts of alkali and alkaline-earth metals when sparged with hydrogen chloride. Pittsburgh, Pa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1985.

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Pittner, Jiří. Ab initio study of optical properties of neutral and charged pure and mixed alkali metal clusters. Berlin: VMF Verlag für Wissenschaft und Forschung, 1997.

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7

Han, Qiyong. Rare earth, alkaline earth and other elements in metallurgy. Tokyo: Japan Technical Information Service, 1998.

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Borgstedt, H. U. Applied chemistry of the alkali metals. New York: Plenum Press, 1987.

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9

Reinhold, Catherine Janey. Reduced species in alkali metal loaded framework materials. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2003.

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10

Happer, William. Optically pumped atoms: Alkali-metal vapors for application. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Metal alkalin"

1

Arevalo, Ricardo. "Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 23–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39312-4_211.

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Arevalo, Ricardo. "Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39193-9_211-1.

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Roundhill, D. Max. "Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals." In Extraction of Metals from Soils and Waters, 247–87. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5204-5_11.

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Akitt, J. W. "The Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals." In Multinuclear NMR, 189–220. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1783-8_7.

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Bhattacharya, Pabitra Krishna, and Prakash B. Samnani. "Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal Ions in Biochemical Systems." In Metal Ions in Biochemistry, 63–81. 2nd edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021. | Originally published: Metal ions in biochemistry / P.K. Bhattacharya. 2005.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003108429-3.

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Simon, Arndt. "Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metal Suboxides and Subnitrides." In Molecular Clusters of the Main Group Elements, 246–66. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602445.ch3a.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Alkali Metal." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 27. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_425.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Alkaline-Earth Metal." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 27. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_428.

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Böning, Dieter, Michael I. Lindinger, Damian M. Bailey, Istvan Berczi, Kameljit Kalsi, José González-Alonso, David J. Dyck, et al. "Alkaline Earth Metal." In Encyclopedia of Exercise Medicine in Health and Disease, 52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29807-6_4044.

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Rouxel, J. "Alkali-Metal Intercalates." In Inorganic Reactions and Methods, 288–95. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470145326.ch165.

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Conference papers on the topic "Metal alkalin"

1

Xinglei, Hu. "Experiment and Mechanism Study on the Effect of Coal Ash on the Capture of Alkali Metals in Zhundong Coal." In ASME 2017 Power Conference Joint With ICOPE-17 collocated with the ASME 2017 11th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, the ASME 2017 15th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2017 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power-icope2017-3570.

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A large number of Xinjiang Zhundong coal was found in China. Its high content of alkali metals can cause serious fouling/slagging problems which may lead to economic losses. It is significant to control the release of alkali metals from Zhundong coal during the combustion. Si-Al additives are used to capture Na released from the Zhundong coal. In this work, a combination of experimental research and quantum chemical calculation was used to study the effect of coal ash on the capture of alkali metal in Zhundong high alkali Coal and the related mineral evolution mechanism during melting processes. The experiments were done with Zhundong coal/coal ash mixtures at 900–1200°C. The behavior mechanism of coal ash capturing alkali metals was analyzed from the perspective of mineral microstructure features by using XRD, ICP and quantum chemical calculation methods. The results show that during the process of combustions, complex chemical reactions occur among minerals after sodium is released from the coal and captured by the coal ash. The coal ash’s ability to capture sodium in Zhundong high alkali coal rises firstly, and then gradually decreases with the rise of temperature. It shows the best capture performance for sodium at 1000∼1100°C. The maximum efficiency of sodium absorption can reach to 50.6%. The coal ash shows a rather high efficiency compared with other additives. Furthermore, metals in Zhundong coal have opposite directions of migration. The Na, K, Al, Ca, and Mg migrated to the coal ash far away from the reaction interface, and the Fe and Mn were moved to the coal from the reaction interface. The original minerals of Zhundong coal mainly include calcium sulfate hydrate, quartz and kaolinite. Investigating the capture mechanism, it indicates that O (26) and O (22) in kaolinite have electrophilic reaction with Na+ and K+ easily, which would promote the rupture of aluminum-oxygen bonds. The O2- of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal oxide would easily have nucleophilic reaction with Si (6) and Si (8) and prompt the rupture of bridging oxygen bonds (Si-O-Si). Kaolinite would be transformed into some other minerals that contains Na+ or K+ which have trend to form eutectics or evaporate into the flue gas easily, the degree of fouling and slagging on heating surface can be reduced based on these two most easily reaction paths.

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Tran, Khanh-Quang, M. Kristiina Iisa, Britt-Marie Steenari, Oliver Lindqvist, Magnus Hagstro¨m, and Jan B. C. Pettersson. "Capture of Alkali Metals by Kaolin." In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-083.

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Alkali metals present in biomass fuels may cause increased bed agglomeration during fluidized bed combustion. In worst case this may lead to complete defluidization of the bed. Other problems caused by alkali metals include increased fouling and slagging. One possibility to reduce the impact of alkali metals is to add sorbents, e.g. aluminosilicates, to the bed for the capture of alkali metals. In the current investigation, the capture of vapor phase potassium compounds by kaolin was investigated in a fixed bed reactor. The reactor consisted of an alkali metal source placed at a variable temperature from which gaseous potassium compounds were generated, a fixed bed holding the kaolin, and an on-line detector for the alkali metal concentration. The on-line alkali metal detector was based on ionization of alkali metals on hot surfaces and is capable of detecting alkali metals down to ppb levels. This makes it possible to perform experiments at alkali metal concentrations relevant to fluidized bed combustion of biomass fuels. In the experiments, KCl was used as the alkali metal source with inlet concentrations of 0.5–3.5 ppm. The experiments were performed at reactor temperatures of 800–900°C and a contact time of 0.26 s. The capture efficiencies of KCl were always above 97%. The capture efficiency was somewhat higher in oxidizing than in reducing gas atmospheres. In the oxidizing gas atmosphere, the conversion was slightly higher with H2O addition than without. The capture efficiency decreased slightly as temperature or KCl concentration was increased.

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TOPINKOVÁ, Michaela, Jozef VLČEK, Miroslava KLÁROVÁ, Hana OVČAČÍKOVÁ, Petra MAIEROVÁ, and Veronika BLAHŮŠKOVÁ. "Modification of the hydration processes of alkali activated blast furnace slag." In METAL 2020. TANGER Ltd., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37904/metal.2020.3455.

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Takahashi, Y., K. Fukuda, T. Kinoshita, and T. Yabuzaki. "Liquid helium line broadening and shifts of alkaline earth and alkali metal atoms." In Proceedings of the 12th International conference on spectral line shapes. AIP, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.47434.

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SLÍVA, Aleš, Jaromír DRÁPALA, and Robert BRÁZDA. "Innovation of apparatus for processing metals of loose nature tending to air oxidation, especially alkaline earth metals." In METAL 2019. TANGER Ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.37904/metal.2019.929.

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H., Kavya, Bhavyashree M., and R. Ananda Kumari. "Growth and characterization of ADP single crystals doped with alkali and alkaline metal ions." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONDENSED MATTER AND APPLIED PHYSICS (ICC 2015): Proceeding of International Conference on Condensed Matter and Applied Physics. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4946747.

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Dolan, Ryan, Sudong Yin, and Zhongchao Tan. "Hydrothermal Gasification of Waste Biomass Under Alkaline Conditions." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-10610.

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Hydrothermal gasification is a promising technology for the treatment of wet organic biomass, and as such, has been subject to significant research effort. It is well known that two groups of catalysts exhibit high activity for hydrothermal gasification—broadly classified as platinum group metals and alkali salts. In the present work, this effect is further investigated through a study of the synergistic effects of sodium carbonate and Pt/Al2O3 on gas yield from cellulose at 315°C. Results indicate that dilute alkali appears far more efficient in promoting gasification reactions in the presence of Pt/Al2O3. Potential mechanisms and a comparison with the alkaline degradation pathways of glucose are discussed.

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Backman, Rainer, Mikko Hupa, Matti Hiltunen, and Kari Peltola. "Interaction of the Behavior of Lead and Zinc With Alkalis in Fluidized Bed Combustion or Gasification of Waste Derived Fuels." In 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78074.

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Abstract:

Combustion of waste derived fuels in fluidized bed boilers may result in fly ashes containing increased amounts of lead and zinc, besides the common alkali and alkaline earth metal compounds. Although the absolute concentrations of lead and zinc may be relatively low, around 1%, in the bulk ash, they may induce unwanted effects in combustors, partly due to their significant enrichment in the fly ash. First, lead and zinc in fly ashes may lead to unwanted heavy metal emissions. Further, they can also alter the behavior of the fly ash and cause it to become sticky and possibly corrosive. This paper discusses the mechanism of volatilization of lead and zinc and stickiness properties of their fly ash compounds under different conditions, based on data from a FBC gasifier using waste fuels with significant amounts of lead and zinc. Advanced thermochemical calculations using the data bases developed at A˚bo Akademi show that both lead and zinc can form volatile compounds and thus be strongly enriched in the fly ash. They can be volatilized as elemental gases, Pb(g) and Zn(g), or they can form gaseous chlorides, PbCl2(g) and ZnCl2(g). But they can also form non-volatile oxides. Thus their behavior is very dependent on the combustion conditions, particularly on the availability of chlorine. This way there is also a direct coupling of the volatilization behavior of lead and zinc with the chemistry of the alkali metals and calcium, all of which govern the availability of chlorine. Simplified thermochemical diagrams are shown to explain the complex interaction of the lead and zinc chemistry with the rest of the flue gas and fly ash chemistry. The thermochemical data can be used to explain the practical results from full scale boilers.

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Brown, Justin M., Colin M. Hessel, and Joel M. Hensley. "Alkali-Metal Mixture for Synthetic Alkali Vapor Density Reduction." In 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Inertial Sensors and Systems (INERTIAL). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isiss.2019.8739404.

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10

MIURA, HIDEMI. "STUDY ON FORMATION OF TETRAHEDRAL OR OCTAHEDRAL SYMMETRIC CONDENSATION BY HOPPING OF ALKALI OR ALKALINE-EARTH METAL ION." In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Cold Fusion. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812772985_0056.

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Reports on the topic "Metal alkalin"

1

BREHM, W. F. Removal of Retired Alkali Metal Test Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/810103.

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2

Happer, William. Physics of Optically Pumped Alkali-Metal Atoms. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada590923.

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3

Kim, Hojong, Supathorn Phongikaroon, and James L. Willit. Fundamental Electrochemical Properties of Liquid Metals in LiCl-KCl for Separation of Alkali/Alkaline-Earths (Cs, Sr, and Ba). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1490212.

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4

Antoniak, Z. I. Two-phase alkali-metal experiments in reduced gravity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5409718.

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5

Wang, K., G. S. Chottiner, P. Herrera-Fierro, and D. A. Scherson. Ex-situ and in-situ spectroscopic studies of the passive film on alkali and alkaline earth metals in nonaqueous solvents. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7254901.

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S.E. Ziemniak. Metal Oxide Decomposition In Hydrothermal Alkaline Sodium Phosphate Solutions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/822273.

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7

Henning, Robert. Zintl cluster chemistry in the alkali-metal-gallium systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/350829.

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8

Scoles, G. Spectroscopic Investigation of Alkali Metal Doped Hydrogen Helium Clusters. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada383557.

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9

Tatar, Robert C., and Richard P. Messmer. Valence Bond Cluster Studies of Alkali Metal/Semiconductor Bonding. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada184276.

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10

Nelson, E. J. Structural studies of alkali metal adsorption on silicon surfaces. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/753248.

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