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1
Qin, Kun, Qin Zhou, Kai Zhang, and Minghao Lv. "Effect of Thermal Degradation of FKM on Three-Body Abrasion under Dry Sliding: Severe Damage Led by the Particle Detention." Materials 14, no. 14 (2021): 3820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143820.
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Both the high temperature and particle environment at the downhole greatly aggravate the abrasive wear and shorten the service life of the fluororubber (FKM) seal seriously in drilling engineering. At present, there is less awareness of the tribological behavior of seals in such complex working conditions. In this work, the abrasive wear performance of the thermally degraded FKM seal was tested in the form of simulating the intrusion of abrasive particles into the interface. Results show that the wear of both rubber seals and metal counterparts is exacerbated. Through the analysis of the wear scar morphology and friction coefficient, it is revealed that more abrasive caves scatter on the surface due to the mechanical degradation of the FKM. These abrasion caves reduce the tendency of particles to escape from the caves and prolong the abrasive action. Furthermore, the abrasion cave alters the particle motion from sliding to rolling, which leads to more caves generated on the surface of the hard tribo-pair. These results enhance the understanding of the abrasive wear for FKM seals and hopefully contribute to the promotion of seals used in hot abrasive particle environments.
2
Patil, Mahadev Gouda, Kamlesh Chandra, and P. S. Misra. "Study of Magnetic Abrasive Finishing Using Mechanically Alloyed Magnetic Abrasives." Advanced Materials Research 585 (November 2012): 517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.585.517.
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The finishing characteristics of mechanically alloyed magnetic abrasives used in cylindrical magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) are presented in this study. Mechanical alloying is a solid state powder processing technique, where the powder particles are subjected to impact by the balls in a high energy ball mill or attritor at room temperature. After the process, fine magnetic abrasives are obtained in which the abrasive particles are attached to the base metal matrix without any bonding material. The magnetic particle used in the magnetic abrasive production is iron powder and the abrasive is aluminium oxide. Magnetic abrasives play the role of cutting tools in MAF, which is emerging as an important non-conventional machining process. The experiments performed on stainless steel tubes examine the effects of varying the quantity of magnetic abrasives, magnetic flux density, speed of rotation of the workpiece and amount of lubricant. The surface roughness measurements demonstrate the effects of the abrasive behaviour on the surface modification. The surface roughness was analysed in terms of percentage improvement in surface finish (PISF). The obtained maximum PISF was 40 % and the minimum surface roughness was 0.63 μm Ra.
3
Wang, Shujun, Yusheng Zhang, Shuo Meng, Yugang Zhao, and Jianbing Meng. "Investigation of Synthesis, Characterization, and Finishing Applications of Spherical Al2O3 Magnetic Abrasives via Plasma Molten Metal Powder and Powder Jetting." Micromachines 15, no. 6 (2024): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15060709.
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Magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) is an efficient finishing process method using magnetic abrasive particles (MAPs) as finishing tools. In this study, two iron-based alumina magnetic abrasives with different particle size ranges were synthesized by the plasma molten metal powder and powder jetting method. Characterization of the magnetic abrasives in terms of microscopic morphology, phase composition, magnetic permeability, particle size distribution, and abrasive ability shows that the magnetic abrasives are spherical in shape, that the hard abrasives are combined in the surface layer of the iron matrix and remain sharp, and that the hard abrasives combined in the surface layer of the magnetic abrasives with smaller particle sizes are sparser than those of the magnetic abrasives with larger particle sizes. The magnetic abrasives are composed of α-Fe and Al2O3; the magnetic permeability of the magnetic abrasives having smaller particle sizes is slightly higher than that of the magnetic abrasives having larger particle sizes; the two magnetic abrasives are distributed in a range of different particle sizes; the magnetic abrasives have different magnetic permeabilities, which are higher than those of the larger ones; both magnetic abrasives are distributed in the range of smaller particle sizes; and AZ31B alloy can obtain smaller surface roughness of the workpiece after the grinding process of the magnetic abrasives with a small particle size.
4
Chotěborský, R., P. Hrabě, M. Müller, J. Savková, M. Jirka, and M. Navrátilová. "Effect of abrasive particle size on abrasive wear of hardfacing alloys." Research in Agricultural Engineering 55, No. 3 (2009): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/24/2008-rae.
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Hardfacing is one of the most useful and economical ways to improve the performance of components submitted to severe wear conditions. This study has been made for the comparison of microstructure and abrasion resistance of hardfacing alloys reinforced with chromium carbides or complex carbides. The hardfacing alloys were deposited onto ČNS EN S235JR low carbon steel plates by the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) method. Different commercial hardfacing electrodes were applied to investigate the effect of abrasive particle size on abrasive wear resistance. The abrasion tests were made using the two-body abrasion test according to ČSN 01 5084 standard, abrasive cloths were of grits 80, 120, 240, and 400. Microstructure characterisation and surface analysis were made using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The results show the different influence of abrasive particles size on the wear rate for different structures of Fe-Cr-C system. The structures without primary carbides are of high abrasive wear rate, which increases nonlinearly with the increasing abrasive particle size. On the contrary, the structures containing primary carbides are of low abrasive rates and theses rates increase linearly with the increasing abrasive particle size.
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Ramu, N., K. Umanath, and Gandhi Mallela. "Influence of Particle Fracture on the Slurry Abrasion Behavior of Weld Deposited Martensitic Steel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 766-767 (June 2015): 687–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.766-767.687.
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The life of the components used under slurry abrasion conditions is governed by the process variables, properties of the abrasive materials in the slurry and the material properties. Slurry wear, abrasion occurs in Extruders, pumps and pipe transport slurry of minerals and ores in mineral processing industries. In the present research, the effect of operating variables such as abrasive particle size and shape, slurry concentration and normal load on the abrasive slurry wear behavior of the weld deposit martensitic steel surface produced by the Manual Metal Arc Welding Hard facing process was conceded out. The testing was conceded out using the slurry abrasion test rig. The silica sand particles were used as the abrasive medium. The qualitative nature of wear pattern and morphology of the worn out surface was examined under scanning electron microscope (SEM). These features were correlated with operating parameters.
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Lou, Jia, Shuyue Jiang, Wensi Zhang, Kai Zhao, Tiger H. Tao, and Kaihuan Zhang. "Implementation of a magnetophoretic microfluidic chip for microparticle detection." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 3009, no. 1 (2025): 012038. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3009/1/012038.
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Abstract A novel microfluidic chip based on Fe-polydimethylsiloxane magnetophoresis was designed for continuous separation and detection of metal abrasive particles in oil. Firstly, COMSOL Multiphysics software is used to simulate the designed Fe-PDMS magnetophoresis chip, analyze the influence of flow field, structure and other factors on the trajectory of metal abrasive particles, and optimize the chip structure and parameters to improve the separation efficiency and accuracy of metal abrasive particles. Secondly, the Fe-PDMS magnetophoresis chip was processed by lithography, including the preparation of PDMS microchannels and the preparation of Fe-PDMS magnetic colloids. Finally, the experimental system platform of oil metal abrasive particle separation was constructed. Ferromagnetic particles (iron particles) and non-ferromagnetic particles (aluminum particles) were used for experiments, and the experimental results were analyzed. Through the online detection of wear particles in oil, the reliability of the machine can be improved, and the maintenance cost and safety risk can be reduced. This method provides a powerful tool for wear particle detection and provides an early warning for aging and wear fault diagnosis of mechanical transmission systems. Compared with the traditional sensor detection method, this method has higher detection accuracy and smaller size, which can be more easily applied to practical industrial applications. Therefore, the online detection method based on magnetophoresis separation has a high application prospect, and it will be possible to provide a more reliable machine health monitoring method for the industrial field.
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Czepułkowska-Pawlak, Weronika, Emilia Wołowiec-Korecka, and Leszek Klimek. "The Surface Condition of Ni-Cr after SiC Abrasive Blasting for Applications in Ceramic Restorations." Materials 13, no. 24 (2020): 5824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13245824.
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Abrasive blasting is a process widely used in dentistry. One of the uses is the development of metal surfaces for connections with ceramics in fixed prosthetic restorations. The purpose of this paper was to check how the rough surface profile (width, height, and depth on unevenness) impacts the surface’s condition, like its wettability and percentage of stuck abrasives. The Ni-Cr alloy surface was abrasive blasted by silicon carbide with the various pressure parameters (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 MPa) and abrasive particle sizes (50, 110, and 250 µm). Cleaned surfaces were examined for roughness, wettability, and percentage of stuck abrasive particles on the surface. The surface after abrasive blasting using 110 µm of abrasive size and 0.4 MPa pressure has the best wettability results. The width of unevenness may cause it. When the unevenness has too small or too large width and depth, the fluids may not cover the entire cavities because of locking the air. The surface condition of dental alloys directly affects metal–ceramic connection strength. The knowledge about the impact of the abrasive blasting parameters on the bond strength will allow one to create durable dental restorations.
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Horng, Jeng-Haur, Yeau-Ren Jeng, and Chun-Liang Chen. "A Model for Temperature Rise of Polishing Process Considering Effects of Polishing Pad and Abrasive." Journal of Tribology 126, no. 3 (2004): 422–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1705665.
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The contact temperature plays an important role in the polishing process, which essentially is a surface contact abrasion process. This paper reports a contact temperature model to predict the temperature rise of both the abrasive-workpiece and pad-workpiece interfaces in a polishing process. In this analysis, the forces acting on an abrasive particle and an asperity of the pad are derived from a mechanistic analysis of abrasive-workpiece and pad-workpiece contact. Our results elucidate that polishing with a rigid, smooth plate is a special case of our purposed model. Theoretical predictions indicate that the temperature rise of abrasive-workpiece contact increases with an increase in particle size and density of particles, hardness of workpiece, hardness of pad, and with a decrease in thermal conductivity of workpiece. The temperature of pad-workpiece contact increases with an increase in hardness of pad and surface roughness of pad, and with a decrease in thermal conductivity of workpiece. The contact temperature rise of the pad-workpiece interface is independent of the hardness of workpiece. For a metal polishing process, the maximum contact temperature occurs at the pad-workpiece contact point for small abrasive particles and rough polishing pad with high hardness.
9
Czupryński, Artur. "Microstructure and Abrasive Wear Resistance of Metal Matrix Composite Coatings Deposited on Steel Grade AISI 4715 by Powder Plasma Transferred Arc Welding Part 1. Mechanical and Structural Properties of a Cobalt-Based Alloy Surface Layer Reinforced with Particles of Titanium Carbide and Synthetic Metal–Diamond Composite." Materials 14, no. 9 (2021): 2382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092382.
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The article discusses test results concerning an innovative surface layer obtained using the cladding with powder plasma transferred arc welding (PPTAW) method. The above-named layer, being a metal matrix composite (MCM), is characterised by high abrasive wear resistance, resistance to pressure and impact loads, and the possibility of operation at elevated temperatures. The layer was made using powder in the form of a cobalt alloy-based composite reinforced with monocarbide TiC particles and superhard spherical particles of synthetic metal–diamond composite provided with tungsten coating. The surface layer was deposited on a sheet made of low-alloy structural steel grade AISI 4715. The layer is intended for surfaces of inserts of drilling tools used in the extraction industry. The results showed the lack of the thermal and structural decomposition of the hard layer reinforcing the matrix during the cladding process, its very high resistance to metal-mineral abrasive wear and its resistance to moderate impact loads. The abrasive wear resistance of the deposited layer with particles of TiC and synthetic metal–diamond composite was about than 140 times higher than the abrasive wear resistance of abrasion resistant heat-treated steel having a nominal hardness of 400 HBW. The use of diamond as a metal matrix reinforcement in order to increase the abrasive resistance of the PPTAW overlay layer is a new and innovative area of inquiry. There is no information related to tests concerning metal matrix surface layers reinforced with synthetic metal–diamond composite and obtained using PPTAW method.
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Smielak, Beata, and Leszek Klimek. "The Influence of Material Type and Hardness on the Number of Embedded Abrasive Particles during Airborne-Particle Abrasion." Materials 15, no. 8 (2022): 2794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15082794.
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(1) Background: This paper aims to determine the influence of hardness on the number of abrasive material grains (SiC) embedded on the surface metal alloys and ZrO2 during abrasion. (2) Methods: Cylindrical samples were created: 315 made of Cr/Co, Ni/Cr or Ti, and 315 made of sintered ZrO2- 3TPZ-Y. These were divided into four groups (each n = 35 samples), and were treated with SiC grain sizes 50, 110, and 250 µm at pressures 0.2, 0.4, or 0.6 MPa. The samples were then observed in SEM to study SE and BSE. The surface coverage of abrasive material particles was determined by quantitative metallography. Five samples from each group were subjected to hardness measurements. The results were compared with three-factor variance analysis with using the post hoc Tukey test. (3) Results: The highest amount (40.06) of embedded abrasive was obtained for Ti alloy with a gradation of 250µm at a pressure of 0.6 MPa. The smallest amount of embedded grain (2.66) was obtained for ZrO2 for the same treatment parameters. (4) Conclusions: The amount of embedded abrasive particles depends on the type of treated material, gradation particles, and the amount of applied pressure. Harder treated materials are more resistant to grains of abrasive becoming embedded on surface.
11
Huang, Heng, Shizhong He, Xiaopeng Xie, Wei Feng, Huanyi Zhen, and Hui Tao. "Research on the influence of inductive wear particle sensor coils on debris detection." AIP Advances 12, no. 7 (2022): 075204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0090506.
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The debris detection characteristics of the inductive wear monitoring are researched by the method of combining theoretical research and simulation analysis in this paper. The mathematical model of the change in inductance is established based on the change in the coil magnetic field by the abrasive particles. By the COMSOL simulation software, the physical model of the three-coil wear monitoring is established, and the influence of the coil structure parameters on the output induced electromotance is compared and analyzed, resulting in the optimization of the coil parameters. For metal particles with different properties and sizes, the changes in the induced electromotance during the process of passing through the coil are analyzed, obtaining the mapping relationship between each particle size and the output induced electromotance. The simulation results show that the output voltage corresponding to the particles is related to the coil structure parameters, and the larger the particle size, the larger the output voltage. Finally, through experiments, the designed sensor coil structure has been proved to have a better detection effect on metal particles, realizing the detection of ferromagnetic abrasive particles above 100 µm and non-ferromagnetic abrasive particles above 200 µm.
12
Lee, Seung Jun, Byeong Hun Park, Cheol Ho Lee, et al. "Quality Improvement of SiC Substrate Surface with Using Non-Abrasive CMP Slurry." Solid State Phenomena 359 (August 22, 2024): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-5hf8bn.
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Transition metal ion was added to CMP (chemical-mechanical polishing) slurry without abrasive particle to solve the problem of CMP. MRR (material removal rate) value of SiC substrate processed using non-abrasive slurry was comparable to MRR values of SiC substrates using abrasive slurries. The scratch formation was successfully suppressed in SiC substrate polished with using non-abrasive slurry and no residual particle resulting from agglomeration of abrasive particles could suppress scratches and forms a good quality of SiC substrate surface. Uniform and high-quality SiC substrates could be prepared through the non-abrasive CMP process.
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Shishkin, D. V., E. S. Geskin, and B. S. Goldenberg. "Investigation of the Formation and Applications of Ice Powder." Journal of Applied Mechanics 72, no. 2 (2005): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1795223.
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Water ice powder constitutes a potentially important manufacturing tool. Availability and cleanliness of this powder constitute its major advantage. It was shown that the ice particles could be used as an abrasive in the course of waterjet machining. Although the erosion potential of ice particles is inferior to that of the conventional abrasives, the environmental soundness of ice enables us to expend the use of the ice abrasive jets on food industry, medicine, precision machining, etc. The principal issue in the use of the ice abrasives is particles formation. Analysis of various technologies showed that an effective avenue in particle production is integration of the water freezing and ice decomposition. As the results, the desired flow rate of ice particles at the desired temperature and size distribution can be generated. The objective of the present paper is the experimental investigation of the production of ice particles. An experimental setup was constructed and used for particles fabrication at controlled conditions. The acquired information was applied for the analysis of the phenomena leading to the particles formation. As a result a hypothetical mechanism of the ice decomposition was suggested and validated. The experiments involving the decontamination of the electronic devices, semiconductors, fabric, leather, food products, polished metal, soft plastics, rusted auto parts, etc., were carried out in order to demonstrate the potential application of the ice blasting.
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Yang, Shie Chen, Tsuo Fei Mao, Hsi Chuan Huang, Feng Che Tsai, and Jiuan Hung Ke. "Surface Polishing of Metal Mold Using Wax-Coated Abrasive SiC Particles." Advanced Materials Research 154-155 (October 2010): 1813–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.154-155.1813.
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This study introduces an Abrasive Jet Polishing (AJP) technique using wax-coated abrasive SiC particle to improve the polishing quality of mold surface. The experimental results showed that the surface roughness of EDM machined mold cavity improved by 82% (from 4.23 μmRa to 0.76μmRa) within 90 minutes. Moreover, the parting surface roughness improved by 94.7% (from 1.14μmRa to 0.06μmRa). We show that employing the abrasive jet polishing technique with wax-coated SiC particles, not only the mold surface roughness got a good improvement, but also significantly shorten the polishing time.
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Tetiana, Nadryhailo, Vernyhora Viktor, Korobochka Alexander, and Sasov Alexander. "MODELING THE TRAJECTORY OF MOTION OF METALLIC AND ABRASIVE PARTICLES IN A WASHING GUTTER." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 1 (103) (2020): 21–31. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.195050.
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Thousands of tons of metal-containing sludge are produced every month at machine-building, especially bearing producing and metallurgy enterprises where is processed. In the production of bearings, up to 10.0 thousand tons of sludge containing up to 90 % of the metal fraction is produced annually. At present, the sludge is practically nonrecyclable and brought to landfills degrading the environment. To increase the uniformity of metal powder at the stage of sludge washing, it is necessary to separate the solid articles by their density. To solve this issue, a comprehensive system of environmentally friendly technology is used for reclaiming the grinding sludge where in the process of movement of the sludge particles in a flow of detergent solution, their washing and separation by density take place. The study of the trajectory of motion of solid sludge particles makes it possible to set the mode parameters of the gutter which provide effective separation of particles by density. This enables determining the height of separator installation in the solution flow and obtaining a larger percentage of homogeneous metal particles. The main parameters of the washing gutter which can ensure effective separation of metal and abrasive particles include length and width of the gutter, level of the solution flow, flow rate of the solution, flow rate of fluid through the sidewall of the gutter, flow rate of solution through nozzles, number of nozzles and distance between them. Based on theoretical studies and a mathematical model describing the motion of metallic and abrasive particles in a detergent solution, a program in the C++ language and in the C++ Builder 6 programming environment was developed. The developed program makes it possible to simulate trajectories of motion of metal and abrasive particles in the detergent solution flow in the gutter. In the mode of random particle parameters, diameter in a range of 18–500 μm for metal particles and in a range of 31–200 μm for abrasive particles is selected
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Klimek, Leszek, Emilia Wołowiec-Korecka, Weronika Czepułkowska-Pawlak, and Zofia Kula. "Quality of the Ceramic and Ni-Cr Alloy Joint after Al2O3 Abrasive Blasting." Materials 16, no. 10 (2023): 3800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16103800.
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The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the effect of airborne-particle abrasion process parameters on the strength of the Ni-Cr alloy–ceramic bond. One hundred and forty-four Ni-Cr disks were airborne-particle abraded with 50, 110 and 250 µm Al2O3 at a pressure of 400 and 600 kPa. After treatment, the specimens were bonded to dental ceramics by firing. The strength of the metal–ceramic bond was determined using the shear strength test. The results were analyzed with three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey honest significant difference (HSD) test (α = 0.05). The examination also considered the thermal loads (5000 cycles, 5–55 °C) to which the metal–ceramic joint is subjected during exploitation. There is a close correlation between the strength of the Ni-Cr alloy–dental ceramic joint and the alloy roughness parameters after abrasive blasting: Rpk (reduced peak height), Rsm (the mean spacing of irregularities), Rsk (skewness of the profile) and RPc (peak density). The highest strength of the Ni-Cr alloy surface bonding with dental ceramics under operating conditions is provided by abrasive blasting under 600 kPa pressure with 110 µm Al2O3 particles (p < 0.05). Both the abrasive blasting pressure and the particle size of the Al2O3 abrasive significantly affect the joint’s strength (p < 0.05). The most optimal blasting parameters are 600 kPa pressure with 110 µm Al2O3 particles (p < 0.05). They allow the highest bond strength between the Ni-Cr alloy and dental ceramics to be achieved.
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Bai, Chenzhao, Hongpeng Zhang, Chengjie Wang, et al. "Design and Parameter Research of Time-Harmonic Magnetic Field Sensor Based on PDMS in Microfluidic Technology." Polymers 12, no. 9 (2020): 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12092022.
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In order to improve the throughput and sensitivity of the inductive metal micro-abrasive particle detection sensor, this paper uses microfluidic detection technology to design a high-throughput abrasive particle detection sensor based on PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane). Theoretical modeling analyzes the magnetization of metal abrasive particles in the coil’s time-harmonic magnetic field, and uses COMSOL simulation to calculate the best performance parameters of the sensor. Through the experiment of the control variable method, the corresponding signal value is obtained and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is calculated. The SNR value and error value are calculated, and the SNR is corrected. The detection limit of the sensor is determined to be 10 μm iron particles and 60 μm copper particles. The optimal design parameters of the 3-D solenoid coil and the frequency characteristics of the sensor are obtained. Finally, through high-throughput experiments and analysis, it was found that there was a reasonable error between the actual throughput and the theoretical throughput. The design ideas suggested in this article can not only improve the sample throughput, but also ensure the detection accuracy. This provides a new idea for the development of an inductive on-line detection method of abrasive particle technology.
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Yue, Changsheng, Hong Cai, Lingrong Kong, Chenfan Liang, Zhijian Peng, and Yu Wang. "Wear Behaviors of AISI 4145H Drilling Tool Steel under Drilling Fluid Environment Conditions." Materials 15, no. 3 (2022): 1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15031221.
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4145H steel is a commonly used material for downhole tools. However, up to now the wear behavior of 4145H drilling tool steel under real drilling fluid environment conditions is still not clear. In this work, this was investigated using a modified ASTM B611 rubber ring wet grinding test system, in which six kinds of abrasives (talc, dolomite or fluorite, as well as their mixed abrasive with quartz) with metal hardness-to-abrasive hardness ratios (H/HA) ranging from 0.25 to 6.25 were used in the drilling fluid for experiments. The results show that the H/HA value determined the wear mechanism of 4145H steel. When a single soft abrasive was used (with H/HA higher than 1.3–1.5), polishing was the dominantly observed mechanism. While mixed abrasives were applied, a microcutting mechanism due to the ploughing of hard abrasive particles on the steel surface was also observed. The increase in mass fraction of the soft abrasives has little effect on the wear rate of 4145H steel, but its wear rate will significantly increase as the mass fraction of hard abrasives increases. Therefore, in order to extend the life of drilling tools and reduce downhole accidents, the mass fraction of hard particles in the drilling fluid should be reduced as much as possible.
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Orlov, I. Yu, S. A. Kryukov, and N. V. Baidakova. "Study of the mineralogical and grain size composition of the regenerated grain from bearing sludge." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 87, no. 8 (2021): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2021-87-8-29-33.
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The composition of sludges (wastes of bearing industry enterprises) is determined by the characteristics of the abrasive tool used upon manufacturing, grade of the processed material, cutting-tool lubricant (CTL) and modes of treatment. We present the results of studying the mineralogical and grain size composition of the regenerated grain from bearing sludges. The material under study is shown to have the following composition, %: abrasive particles — 5 – 8, metal particles — 50 – 90, binder — 2 – 5, balance — SOG, oil and various pollutants. The dispersion of solid particles ranges within 0.1 – 0.3 mm. The abrasive grains have a predominantly splintery shape, the individual binder particles being observed on their surface. The interlayer-cemented aggregates of two — three crystals and a large number of small splintery particles are also present. It is shown that the samples with a regenerated material containing fine abrasive grain and metal particles as a filler exhibit the highest mechanical strength and thermal conductivity. The results obtained can be used when using regenerated abrasive grain from sludge for manufacturing, e.g., grinding wheels, preparation of a molding abrasive mixture, etc.
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Wang, Liaoyuan, Yuli Sun, Zhongmin Xiao, et al. "A Review of Magnetic Abrasive Finishing for the Internal Surfaces of Metal Additive Manufactured Parts." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 8, no. 6 (2024): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp8060261.
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With the rapid development of high-end manufacturing industries such as aerospace and national defense, the demand for metal additive manufactured parts with complex internal cavities has been steadily increasing. However, the finishing of complex internal surfaces, especially for irregularly shaped parts, remains a significant challenge due to their intricate geometries. Through a comparative analysis of common finishing methods, the distinctive characteristics and applicability of magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) are highlighted. To meet the finishing needs of complex metal additive manufactured parts, this paper reviews the current research on magnetic abrasive finishing devices, processing mechanisms, the development of magnetic abrasives, and the MAF processes for intricate internal cavities. Future development trends in MAF for complex internal cavities in additive manufactured parts are also explored; these are (1) investigating multi-technology composite magnetic abrasive finishing equipment designed for complex internal surfaces; (2) studying the dynamic behavior of multiple magnetic abrasive particles in complex cavities and their material removal mechanisms; (3) developing high-performance magnetic abrasives suitable for demanding conditions; and (4) exploring the MAF process for intricate internal surfaces.
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Ahmadi, Farshid, Hassan Beiramlou, and Pouria Yazdi. "Effect of abrasive particle morphology along with other influencing parameters in magnetic abrasive finishing process." Mechanics & Industry 22 (2021): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/meca/2021013.
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Surface characteristics play a very important role in medical implants and among surface features, surface roughness is very effective in some medical applications. Among the various methods used to improve surface roughness, magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) process has been widely used in medical engineering. In this study, the effect of abrasive particle morphology along with four other process parameters, including type of work metal, finishing time, speed of finishing operation, and the type of abrasive powder were experimentally evaluated. Full factorial technique was used for design of experiment. Three commonly used metals in orthopedic implants i.e., Ti-6Al-4V alloy, AZ31 alloy and austenitic stainless-steel 316LVM, were selected for this study. Also, two types of magnetic abrasive particles with different shapes (spherical and rod-shaped) were considered in the experiments. The results of the experiments indicated that the morphology of the abrasive particles and the finishing time had the greatest effect on surface roughness and using rod-shaped abrasive particles resulted in better surface quality comparing to the spherical particles. Besides, the surface quality of steel 316LVM after MAF was the best among the other examined metals. Interaction plots of ANOVA also showed that interactions of material with morphology of abrasive particles, and material with machining time were found to be reasonably significant.
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Aissat, Sahraoui, Mohamed Zaid, and Abdelhamid Sadeddine. "Correlation between hardness and abrasive wear of grinding balls." Metallurgical Research & Technology 117, no. 6 (2020): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2020062.
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The grinding ball is manufactured by the Algerian Foundries (ALFET – Tiaret). It is used by the cement industry to transform the rock into fine, used in the cement manufacture. This product undergoes very frequent wear. This wear occurs in various forms (abrasion wear and impact wear) and each has a varying impact on this product life. Abrasion wear is the result of friction between many surfaces (rock, crusher shielding and balls between them), between which a sliding contact occurs, and causes a metal wrenching and a mechanical disintegration of these surfaces. The impact wear is the result of the shock between these surfaces (rock, crusher shielding and balls) and the ball that hits these surfaces from multiple angles, causes their disintegration. Generally, wear resistance improves when hardness increases and a very hard material is more resistant to wear because it less risk to seize in presence of particles abrasive and it opposes their penetration in its surface layer. Wear is estimated, in this work, by the mass loss of the heat-treated balls. A correlation between the hardness and abrasive wear of the balls is established in this work.
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Zhou, Ziyi, Qin Zhou, Kun Qin, et al. "The Particle Breakage Effect on Abrasive Wear Process of Rubber/Steel Seal Pairs under High/Low Pressure." Polymers 15, no. 8 (2023): 1857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15081857.
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Pressure has a significant effect on rubber seal performance in the abrasive environments of drilling. The micro-clastic rocks intruding into the seal interface are prone to fracture, which will change the wear process and mechanism, but this process is not yet known at present. To explore this issue, abrasive wear tests were carried out to compare the failure characteristics of the particles and the variation wear process under high/low pressures. The results show that non-round particles are prone to fracture under different pressures, resulting in different damage patterns and wear loss on the rubber surface. A single particle force model was established at the soft rubber–hard metal interface. Three typical breakage types of particles were analyzed, including ground, partially fractured, and crushed. At high load, more particles were crushed, while at low load, shear failure was more likely to occur at the edges of particles. These different particle fracture characteristics not only change the particle size, but also the state of motion and thus the subsequent friction and wear processes. Therefore, the tribological behavior and wear mechanism of abrasive wear are different at high pressure and low pressure. Higher pressure reduces the invasion of the abrasive particles, but also intensifies the tearing and wear of the rubber. However, no significant differences in damage were found for steel counterpart throughout the wear process under high/low load tests. These results are critical to understanding the abrasive wear of rubber seals in drilling engineering.
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Yang, Li Feng, Chun Yan Dong, and Wei Na Liu. "Numerical Investigation on the Effect of Abrasive Property for Abrasive Flow Machining." Applied Mechanics and Materials 574 (July 2014): 406–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.574.406.
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Numerical investigations of the abrasive influence on material removal efficiency of the micro-hole for AFM process is conducted in this paper. A three-dimensional model is constructed for this process. The abrasive with various particles volume fraction and different micro-holes with various diameters are selected in this study. The simulation results show that the lower particle volume fraction may be in favour of the metal removal uniformity, but the processing time will be too long if too low fraction is selected.
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Bao, Chong Gao, Wei Pan та He Zhuo Miao. "Effect of Different Abrasive Particle Hardness on the Erosion Resistant Performance of α-Al2O3 Ceramics". Materials Science Forum 475-479 (січень 2005): 1263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.1263.
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The erosion resistance of α-Al2O3 ceramics in flowing suspensions of solid particles was investigated with a rotary disk erosion wear tester. The effect of different abrasive particle hardness on its erosion resistance was studied and the microcosmic failure mechanism of its surface was analyzed. The results show that the erosion resistance of α-Al2O3 is more and more excellent than that of the metal Cr15Mo3 with the hardness enhancement of the abrasive particles. When SiO2, Al2O3, SiC is in turn selected as the abrasive, the erosion resistance of α-Al2O3 ceramics is 4.06, 5.20, 5.77 times than that of Cr15Mo3 respectively due to the different hardness of such abrasives. Due to erosion, Cr15Mo3 is worn out most in the whole, the erosion holes are very clear and its failure pattern is in “W” shape. The wear of α-Al2O3 mainly occurs in the binding phase of the crystal boundary for its grain is fine and dense enough. So although the crystal grains are exposed at last, no breaks and cracks can be found on the erosion surface. Its failure pattern is in “U” shape.
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Zhang, Pengpeng, Wei Wu, Yu Li, and Yukun Wang. "Metal Abrasive Image Segmentation Algorithm Based on K-means Clustering." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 7, no. 2 (2023): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ajst.v7i2.12328.
Full textAbstract:
Metal abrasive image segmentation is one of the important image processing tasks in the industrial field. However, due to the complex color and texture characteristics of metal abrasive images, as well as difficult factors such as noise and lighting changes, traditional image segmentation methods often fail to achieve high accuracy and stability. In order to solve this problem, a metal abrasive image segmentation algorithm based on K-means clustering is proposed. The algorithm applies the K-means clustering algorithm to the image segmentation of metal abrasive particles, and realizes the separation of metal abrasive grains from the background by clustering the color features of image pixels. Experimental results show that our algorithm shows good accuracy and stability in the metal abrasive image segmentation task, and has high efficiency. Therefore, the algorithm provides an accurate and efficient method for metal abrasive image segmentation.
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Czepułkowska, Weronika, Emilia Wołowiec-Korecka, and Leszek Klimek. "The Condition of Ni-Cr Alloy Surface After Abrasive Blasting with Various Parameters." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 29, no. 3 (2019): 1439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11665-019-04399-z.
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Abstract The parameters of abrasive blasting process directly affect the condition of the metal surface, changing the degree of surface roughness and wettability, depending on the size of the used particle, the pressure or type of abrasive. The aim of this study was to analyze the condition of Ni-Cr alloy surface after abrasive blasting using various process variants. The samples were blasted by Al2O3 abrasive using various particle sizes and pressures of the process. Basic and specific roughness parameters were investigated, and a surface wettability test was performed, and the percentage share of abrasive particles penetrated in the surface after abrasive blasting was also examined. The most considerable differences in the condition of the surface were observed with the change in the particle size of Al2O3. Statistical analysis confirmed the statistical significance of all these relationships.
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Nabrdalik, Marcin, and Michał Sobociński. "Modeling and computing of stress and strain distribution in UHMW polyethylene elements of chosen artificial human joints." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 22, no. 3 (2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2020-0021.
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AbstractThe aim of the study was to present numerical strength analysis of the virtual knee and hip joints for the most popular tribological pairs used in prosthetic arthroplasty based on the Finite Elements Method. FEM makes it possible to calculate the stress in particular elements of the tested models. The research was dedicated to elucidate abrasive wear mechanisms during surface grinding of a polyethylene UHMW and a metal elements of endoprostheses. Strong adhesion was found between the abrasives and workpieces, which might be attributed to the chemical bonding between the abrasives and workpieces in synovial liquid. Therefore, the wear of UHMWPE is both chemical and physical. Abrasive wear effect, as a result of the abrasive wear process, is associated with material loss of the element surface layer due to the separation of particles by fissuring, stretching, or micro-cutting.
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Jiang, Liang Peng, Ke Ping Zhang, and Jun Min Ma. "Influence of Particle Size of Wheat Powder on Roller Wear Properties." Advanced Materials Research 1120-1121 (July 2015): 1316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1120-1121.1316.
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Wheat milling process involves multiple grinding procedures, the wheat powder particles size in different grinding procedure are difference. In order to study the influence of particle size of wheat powder on roller wear performance in different grinding procedure, abrasion experiments were carried out by MLS-225 three-body abrasive wear tester, while different sizes were chosen as abrasive, alloy white iron which frequently used as roller metal materials was chosen as wear sample, wear weight loss and surface microstructure were chosen as the main evaluation indicators. The results showed that the weight loss of samples were showed a linear relationship with wheat the size of wheat powder. The main wear behavior was mainly mechanical polishing while particle sizes was smaller one. For the larger size, wear was made by multiple plastic deformation and low cycle fatigue wear mechanism.
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Salakhova, R. K., A. B. Tikhoobrazov, D. P. Farafonov, and T. B. Smirnova. "FEATURES OF ELECTROLYTIC DEPOSITION OF ABRASIVE-WEAR-RESISTANT NICKEL-BASED COATINGS." Proceedings of VIAM, no. 2 (2022): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.18577/2307-6046-2022-0-2-99-110.
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An electrolytic method of deposition of composite abrasive-wear-resistant coatings based on nickel containing microparticles of zirconium dioxide with a dispersion of 120–200 microns in a metal matrix is proposed. A device for the application of a nickel abrasive-wear-resistant coating and a technological process diagram have been developed, which ensures uniform introduction of particles into the coating with the formation of the so-called «abrasive knife». The results of a metallographic study of the structure, micro-х-ray spectral analysis of a nickel matrix and tests of the coating for thermal cyclic resistance and penetration (abrasion of the sealing material) are presented.
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Konopka, Z., and A. Pasieka. "Tribological Properties of AlSi11-SiCp Composite Castings Produced by Pressure Die Casting Method." Archives of Foundry Engineering 14, no. 3 (2014): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/afe-2014-0058.
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Abstract The measurement results concerning the abrasive wear of AlSi11-SiC particles composites are presented in paper. The method of preparing a composite slurry composed of AlSi11 alloy matrix and 10, 20% vol.% of SiC particles, as well as the method of its high-pressure die casting was described. Composite slurry was injected into metal mould of cold chamber pressure die cast machine and castings were produced at various values of the piston velocity in the second stage of injection, diverse intensification pressure values, and various injection gate width values. Very good uniform arrangement of SiC particles in volume composite matrix was observed and these results were publicated early in this journal. The kinetics of abrasive wear and correlation with SiC particles arrangement in composite matrix were presented. Better wear resistance of composite was observed in comparison with aluminium alloy. Very strong linear correlation between abrasive wear and particle arrangement was observed. The conclusion gives the analysis and the interpretation of the obtained results.
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Zhang, Xingsheng, Zongshu Zou, and Zhiguo Luo. "Influence of CGD structure on burden descending behavior in COREX shaft furnace." Metallurgical Research & Technology 116, no. 3 (2019): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2018089.
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For improving the reducing gas flow in the center of a large-scale shaft furnace, the central gas distribution (CGD) device, a new technique, is proposed and installed in the shaft furnace. Because of its less-developed history, the solid flow in the shaft furnace with CGD is unclear. In this work, a three-dimensional cylindrical model of COREX-3000 shaft furnace in actual size is established based on DEM. Four types of burden, including pellet, lump ore, coke and flux, are taken into consideration in the model. The model is validated by experiment and then it is used to investigate the influence of CGD structure on solid flow patterns, burden descending velocity, interaction force and abrasive wear. The results show that the CGD structure has some effects on the solid flow patterns and burden descending velocity. As the CGD diameter increases, the interaction force between particles is decreased but the total abrasion energy on CGD is increased. As the CGD height increases, both the interaction force between particles and the total abrasion energy on CGD are decreased.
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Sudheer, M., N. Karthik Madhyastha, M. Kewin Amanna, B. Jonthan, and K. Mayur Jayaprakash. "Mechanical and Abrasive Wear Behavior of Metal Sulphide Lubricant Filled Epoxy Composites." ISRN Polymer Science 2013 (May 28, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/242450.
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The present work reveals the effect of the addition of commercial MoS2 (10 wt%) particles on mechanical and two-body abrasive wear behavior of epoxy with/without glass fiber mat reinforcement. The composites were fabricated using casting and simple hand lay-up techniques followed by compression molding. The mechanical properties such as density, hardness, tensile, and flexural properties were determined as per ASTM standards. The abrasive wear testing was carried out using pin-on-disc wear tester for different loads and abrading distances at constant speed of 1 m/s. A significant reduction in wear loss and specific wear rate was noticed after the incorporation of MoS2 filler allowing less wear of matrix during abrasion which in turn facilitated lower fiber damage. However the incorporation of MoS2 particles had a detrimental effect on most of the mechanical properties of the composites. The worn surface features were investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to investigate the wear mechanisms.
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Sravanthi, K., V. Mahesh, B. N. Rao, George Fernandez, and Lenin A. Haiter. "Carbon-Filled E-Glass Fibre-Reinforced Epoxy Composite: Erosive Wear Properties at an Angle of Impingement." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (August 16, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8725305.
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In the current study, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and carbon particles (micron size) were employed to create carbon particle dispersions. At different impact angles, the erosion of abrasive particles in an air jet is examined. Carbon particles dispersed across a metal matrix increased the fibre bonding but decreased the mechanical strength. In the sample, carbon nanotubes make up 5% of the total. The strength of carbon nanotubes in matrix materials overcomes the growth in carbon particle length significantly. When carbon particles are present, the matrix material weakens and becomes brittle. Due to the effect of attrition on exposed surfaces, materials that are subjected to particle impingement are more vulnerable to erosive processes. Carbon has significantly improved the matrix material’s surface property. The research findings significantly affect 5% of the CNT composite. At 30°, 0.0033 g/min showed the least proportion of abrasive wear. Erosive wear decreases at the lowest impingement angle but increases as the impact angle increases. Since it causes brittleness, increasing the weight percentage of carbon particles is discouraged.
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Tatiana Nadryhailo, Viktor Vernyhora, and Angelika Kosenko. "THE PROCESS OF SEDIMENTATION OF SOLID PARTICLES OF THE GRINDING SLUDGE." World Science 1, no. 12(40) (2018): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30122018/6262.
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 Thousands of tons of grinding slimes are formed every month at the mechanical engineering enterprises (especially at bearing plants) and metallurgy ones, which are processing metals. Slimes are practically not processed at present, but exported to special landfills or dumps, worsening the environment. Slimes of abrasive metal processing can be a raw material base for powder metallurgy, as they contain 60-80% of metal particles. It is necessary to carry out the solid particles separation by density process at the slimes washing stage to increase the homogeneity of metal powder, which is extracted from grinding slimes of abrasive metal processing. The fluid flow consumption through the vertical nozzles, which allow keeping solid particles in a suspended state, is determined in this work on the basis of theoretical studies of the solid particles deposition process of grinding slimes.
 
 
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Park, Sung Jun, and Sang Jo Lee. "Fabrication of the Fine Magnetic Abrasives by Using Mechanical Alloying Process and its Polishing Characteristics." Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (December 2006): 421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.421.
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A new method to fabricate the fine magnetic abrasives by using mechanical alloying is proposed. The mechanical alloying process is a solid powder process where the powder particles are subjected to high energetic impact by the balls in a vial. As the powder particles in the vial are continuously impacted by the balls, cold welding between particles and fracturing of the particles take place repeatedly during the ball milling process using a planetary mill. After the manufacturing process, fine magnetic abrasives which the guest abrasive particles clung to the base metal matrix without bonding material can be obtained. The shape of the newly fabricated fine magnetic abrasives was investigated using SEM and its polishing performance was verified by experiment. It is very helpful to finishing the micro structures such as injection mold and MEMS applications in final polishing stage. The areal rms surface roughness of the workpiece after several polishing processes has decreased to a few nanometer scales.
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Marigoudar, Rajaneesh N., and Kanakuppi Sadashivappa. "Effect of reinforcement percentage on wear behavior of SiCp reinforced ZA43 alloy metal matrix composites." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 20, no. 4 (2013): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2013-0024.
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AbstractMetal matrix composites (MMCs) are characterized by high specific strength and stiffness. Light metal alloys are reinforced with hard ceramic particles, which show better properties compared to monolithic alloys. ZA43 MMCs are fabricated by stir casting technique by reinforcing preheated silicon carbide particles (SiCp). Wear behavior of ZA43 MMCs is evaluated by conducting dry sliding wear test using a pin-on-disc wear test rig. The tests were conducted for varying loads of 9.81, 19.62, 29.43 and 39.24 N and sliding disc speeds of 2.12, 2.93, 3.66, 4.39 and 5.13 m/s at constant time of 15 min. The results reveal that the wear resistance property of the composite increases as the percentage of reinforcement increases. It was also observed that volume loss increases with increasing applied load and sliding speed. The tested samples were examined and analyzed by taking scanning electron micrographs. The dominating wear mechanisms observed were delamination, scissoring of the abrasive particle, pullout of particle, smearing of the surface and abrasion.
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Rahmani, Ramin, Maksim Antonov, and Lauri Kollo. "Wear Resistance of (Diamond-Ni)-Ti6Al4V Gradient Materials Prepared by Combined Selective Laser Melting and Spark Plasma Sintering Techniques." Advances in Tribology 2019 (March 4, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5415897.
Full textAbstract:
An approach of sintering 3D metal printed lattices and diamond nickel-coated particles is proposed which can be used for the production of tunnel boring machine (TBM) cutters and mining equipment blades. Nickel-coated diamond particles are mixed with titanium powder and incorporated into a lightweight Ti6Al4V (3D printed) lattice with the help of spark plasma sintering (SPS) method. Effect of Ti6Al4V lattices size, diamond particles size, and nickel coating layer thickness on wear resistance of composites is discussed. Functionally graded lattice (FGL) structures were produced by selective laser melting (SLM) method, representing an increasingly growing additive manufacturing engineering area introduced in material engineering. Impact-abrasive tribo-device (IATD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and optical surface profiler (OSP) were used to characterize samples. An ab initio design of diamond-metal composite is based on the improvement of impact and abrasive wear resistance of Ti6Al4V by adding diamond particles and by applying of gradient lattice structure. The specimen with larger size of the diamond particle and thicker Ni coating has better wear resistance. In addition, ANSYS software simulations were done to analyze the effect of the presence of 3D printed lattice via nonlinear finite element AUTODYN solver under impact test. Diamond-based gradient composite material produced by combined SLM-SPS methods can be applied in applications where resistance against impact-abrasive wear is important.
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Guglielmi, Giovanni, Benjamin Mitchell, Cuihong Song, Brad L. Kinsey, and Weiwei Mo. "Life Cycle Environmental and Economic Comparison of Water Droplet Machining and Traditional Abrasive Waterjet Cutting." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (2021): 12275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132112275.
Full textAbstract:
Abrasive waterjet (AWJ) cutting is a manufacturing technique, which uses a high-speed waterjet as the transport medium for abrasive particles to erode and cut through metal workpieces. The use of abrasives has significant environmental impacts and leads to the high operating costs of AWJ cutting. Therefore, it is important to investigate whether other metal cutting approaches can perform the same tasks with reduced environmental and economic impacts. One such manufacturing innovation is water droplet machining (WDM). In this process, the waterjet, which is immersed in a sub-atmospheric pressure environment, is discretized into a train of high velocity water droplets, which are able to erode and cut through the metal workpiece without abrasives. However, the cutting velocity of WDM is two orders of magnitude slower than AWJ. In this paper, a comparative life cycle and life cycle cost assessments were performed to determine which waterjet cutting technology is more beneficial to the environment and cost-efficient, considering their impacts from cradle to grave. The results show lower environmental and economic impacts for AWJ compared to WDM due to the AWJ’s ability to cut more metal over the service life than the WDM. Further sensitivity analyses give insight into how the change in abrasive rate is the most sensitive input for the AWJ, whereas the machine lifetime and electricity usage are the most sensitive inputs for the WDM. These results provide a valuable comparison between these alternative waterjet cutting technologies.
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Liu, X., J. Wang, J. Zhu, P. J. Liew, C. Li, and C. Huang. "Ultrasonic abrasive polishing of additive manufactured parts: An experimental study on the effects of process parameters on polishing performance." Advances in Production Engineering & Management 17, no. 2 (2022): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.14743/apem2022.2.430.
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The rough surface of metal parts produced by the powder-based layered Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology such as Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is an important problem that needs to be solved. This study introduces obvious improvements in the surface quality of the AM parts by means of ultrasonic abrasive polishing (UAP), which uses cavitation collapse and micro-cut of abrasive particles for finishing surfaces. Experiments were conducted using the orthogonal experimental design method with an L_9(3^4) orthogonal array to investigate the effects of ultrasonic power, machining time, abrasive particle size, and particle concentration on surface roughness Ra and material removal rate (MRR). The wear of the abrasive particles in the slurry was also studied. IN625 nickel-based alloy specimen manufactured by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) was chosen as the target workpiece. The results show that when the ultrasonic output power was too high, both surface quality and machining efficiency were deteriorated. And the surface roughness Ra was not further improved by just increasing the machining time. Severe cavitation erosion occurred in the polishing process and created leftover pits on the workpiece surface, which has a large influence on Ra. The size and amount of the abrasive particles should be within a certain range, which is helpful for material removal and improving the polishing performance. The work is useful for studying the influential process parameters involved in UAP and finding out the appropriate conditions.
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Rasool, Ghulam, Yousuf El Shafei, and Margaret M. Stack. "Mapping Tribo-Corrosion Behaviour of TI-6AL-4V Eli in Laboratory Simulated Hip Joint Environments." Lubricants 8, no. 7 (2020): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants8070069.
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Wear and corrosion in artificial hip replacements are known to result in metal ion release and wear debris induced osteolysis. This may lead to pain and sensitivity for patients. This infers that pre-clinical testing is critical in determining the long-term performance, safety, and reliability of the implant materials. For this purpose, micro-abrasion-corrosion tests were carried out on a biocompatible material, Ti-6Al-4V ELI, using a T-66, Plint micro-abrasion test rig in conjunction with Gill Ac corrosion testing apparatus for the range of applied loads and electrical potentials in the hip joint simulated environment. A Ringer’s solution, with and without an abrasive particle (silicon carbide), was used to enable the interactions between abrasion and corrosion. In this paper, the effects of applied load and electrochemical potential on the tribo-corrosion behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V in a bio-simulated environment are presented. The wastage, micro-abrasion-corrosion mechanisms, and synergy behaviour were identified and mapped. A significant difference in corrosion current densities was observed in the presence of abrasive particles, suggesting the removal of the protective oxide layer. The results also indicate that Ti-6Al-4V had significant abrasive wear loss when coupled with a ceramic counterpart. According to the mechanism, micro-abrasion plays a predominant role in the abrasion-corrosion behaviour of this material and the material losses by mechanical processes are substantially larger than losses, due to electrochemical processes.
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Kovalchenko, A. M., E. O. Pashchenko, and D. O. Savchenko. "Research on suppressing brittle fracture and implementing ductile mode cutting for improving surface quality at silicon wafers manufacturing." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2045, no. 1 (2021): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2045/1/012005.
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Abstract Single crystal silicon is an important basic material used to manufacture electronic and photovoltaic devices. Ductile mode of diamond wire sawing is a promising method for silicon wafering in order to produce wafers with minimal surface damage. To achieve ductile mode, the correct applying of cutting parameters and careful wire design is necessary. This study investigates the scratching of monocrystalline silicon by the abrasive particles of different geometry, which simulates the material removal process in diamond wire sawing. Diamonds, crushed and spherical tungsten carbide (WC) particles served as abrasives. Experiments show that spherical abrasives enhance ductile mode cutting significantly decreasing brittle damage when compared to irregular shape particles. Spherical WC particles permit to increase the critical load and critical cut depth of ductile-to-brittle transition from 5 to 10 times. The depth of the damaged subsurface layer decreased from 5 µm to 0.2 µm due to the absence of brittle cracks. A uniform regular distribution and appropriate suitable density of abrasive particles is obligatory for cracking reduction. For that, the method of diamond particles uniform deposition with the controlled density by a polymer binder combining high modulus and adhesive capacity with good flexibility was elaborated. The method includes preliminary diamond particles fixation on a thin resin layer providing high uniformity and subsequent strong fixation by a thicker resin layer. The research on ovalization of diamond particles was performed for smoothening cutting edges. The method is based on the activation of the graphitization process at sharp edges of particles under the action of metal salts at increased temperatures.
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Zhang, Guofa, and Haidong Jiang. "Development of Impregnated Diamond Bit with Primary and Secondary Abrasives Based on Matrix Weakening Theory." Annales de Chimie - Science des Matériaux 45, no. 3 (2021): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/acsm.450310.
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Along with economic advancement, diamond bit is widely used in mine exploration and engineering geological investigation. To reduce the cost of impregnated diamond bit and improve its drilling efficiency in highly abrasive formation, this paper designs a diamond bit based on matrix weakening theory, and prepares the matrix from high-grade diamond abrasives and SiC particles. Through theoretical calculation, diamond bits were designed with six different formulas of diamond concentrations and weakened SiC particle concentrations. The theoretical analysis shows that the weakened SiC particle concentration fell within 0-50%; the number of diamond particles dropped from 750,115 to 375,150, saving the diamond cost by 50%. To further explore the life, drilling efficiency, and working mechanism of diamond bit, the apparent form of bit materials was analyzed through field tests, using EPMA-1720 electron probe microanalyzer and GENSIS60 energy spectrometer. The field tests show that: the proposed bit, with 35% of matrix skeleton and 65% of bonding metal, improved the drilling efficiency of ordinary impregnated diamond bit by 68%, while reducing the service life by merely 30%. The apparent form analysis shows that: In the diamond bit designed by matrix weakening theory, the weakened SiC particles could easily fall off the matrix surface, leaving recoverable pits on the surface. The non-smooth form weakens the abrasion resistance of the matrix, reduces the contact area between the crown of the drill bit and the rock surface at the hole bottom, and increases the pressure of the crown on the rock per unit area. The fallen wakened particles participate in the abrasion of the matrix at the hole bottom, improve the grinding ability of the rock powder at hole bottom, and promote the protrusion of new diamond particles in the matrix.
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Sakamoto, Satoshi, Sanshiro Akaoka, Masaya Gemma, et al. "Extremely Thin Metal Foil Blades as Cutting Tools for Hard and Brittle Materials." MATEC Web of Conferences 221 (2018): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822104006.
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The manufacturing costs of semiconductor products such as silicon wafers can be reduced by decreasing the kerf loss. In addition, a decrease in the kerf loss leads to an effective utilization of rare materials, which is environmentally beneficial from the viewpoint of saving resources. This study aims to reduce the kerf loss during slicing hard and brittle materials. Therefore, the possibility of using an extremely thin metal foil blade instead of a wire tool in slicing was examined. Initially, grooving characteristics using a metal foil blade (thickness: 50 μm or less) was investigated. The main conclusions are that grooving with a metal foil blade is possible and kerf loss can be reduced. The groove depth tends to increase as the machining time and particle size of abrasives increase. The groove width is smaller when a thin metal foil blade is used and vice versa. However, if the abrasive particle size is too large, grooving becomes impossible. Since the wear of metal foil blade increases with an increase in the particle size of the abrasive, it is necessary to use an abrasive with a particle size that is suitable for the thickness of the metal foil blade.
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Tamarkin, Mikhail, Elina Tishchenko, and Roman Tishchenko. "Exploring workpiece surface quality formation with abrasive dynamics in centrifugal-rotary processes." E3S Web of Conferences 592 (2024): 05018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202459205018.
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This article presents the results of research on centrifugal-rotary processing in an abrasive medium. The dynamic characteristics and rotational processes of an array of abrasive granules in the machine chamber are investigated with the aim of determining the motion velocity, contact pressure and energy of the particle flow. These research data will be used in modeling a single interaction of abrasive granules with the surface of a workpiece and obtaining quantitative estimates of material removal rates and parameters on surface roughness of the workpiece and obtain a valuation of material removal rates and workpiece surface roughness parameters. The deformation of granular mass under the action of centrifugal force was performed using the finite element model in the Comsol Multiphysics package. The velocity fields and pressure in the mass of the load are identified. The dependency is obtained to calculate the maximum penetration depth of abrasive particles into the workpiece surface, metal removal and surface roughness. The dependencies are obtained to calculate the maximum penetration depth of abrasive particle into the workpiece surface, metal removal and surface roughness. CAD TP block has been developed to optimize the centrifugal-rotary machining, allowing a significant expansion of the range of computer-aided design systems.
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Tomina, A.-M. V., Ye A. Yeriomina, and Predrag Dašić. "Development of Wear-Resistant Metal Polymer for Agricultural Machinery." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1256, no. 1 (2022): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1256/1/012007.
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Abstract The article considers the influence of the content of HB-4 amorphous alloy on the tribological properties of aromatic polyamide phenylone C-2. It was found that the introduction of a dispersed filler in the amount of 10-20 mass.% leads to a positive effect: reduction of abrasion index and roughness during friction on rigid abrasive particles of the original polymer 4,7 and 1,4 times, respectively, reaching minimum values at 20 mass.% of the filler. The improvement in properties occurs due to the fact that the particles of the hard alloy (607–809 HV) strengthen the polymer matrix; as a result, the surface of metal polymers undergoes less deformation. It was found that the effective content of filler for aromatic polyamide is 20 mass.%.
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He, Yi Qiang, Jian Ming Yang, Bin Qiao, and Li Chao Feng. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Metal Injection Molded SiCP/ Cu Composites." Advanced Materials Research 629 (December 2012): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.629.105.
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SiCP/Cu composite was prepared by metal injection molding process. Microstructure, mechanical properties, fracture surface, and wear resistance of SiCP/Cu composite were investigated in this study. The research results show that SiCP/Cu were sintered sucessfully by the sintering process with hydrogen protection and high temperature of 1050°C. The tensile strength of the composites depends on the fraction and distribution of SiC particles which is resulted from microcracks nucleate in the matrix between SiC particles because of SiC particle aggregation. The tensile strengths of 5vol.%, 10vol.%, and15vol.%SiCP/Cu are 254MPa, 291MPa and 278MPa separately. SiC particles are contribute to enhance the abrasive resitance of the composite when particle volume fraction increase from 10% to 15%.
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Ghandvar, Hamidreza, Saeed Farahany, Mohd Hasbullah Idris, and Mohammadreza Daroonparvar. "Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of A356-ZrO2 Metal Matrix Composite." Advanced Materials Research 1125 (October 2015): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1125.116.
Full textAbstract:
Dry sliding wear and friction behavior of cast A356 Al-Si alloy and composite containing 5wt. % ZrO2 particles were studied by means of a pins-on-disk apparatus over loads of 5N, 20N and a sliding speed of 0.628m/s. The experimental results showed that the composites exhibited a higher wear resistance in comparison to that of the unreinforced A356 alloy. The friction coefficient of tested materials increased with increasing applied load from 5 to 20 N. FESEM investigations revealed that the wear mechanism of the A356 matrix alloy changed from sever abrasive, adhesive wear into mild abrasion and adhesive wear with addition of 5wt. % ZrO2 reinforcement particles.
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Zhang, Shengfang, Lu Jin, Jian Yin, et al. "Study on the Influence Law of Micro-Scale Abrasive Wear on a Wind Turbine Brake Pad." Processes 12, no. 10 (2024): 2234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12102234.
Full textAbstract:
The hard particles in the copper-based powder metallurgic material of a brake pad for a wind turbine brake falls off and presses into the surface of the brake disc to form abrasive particles under high-speed and heavy-load working conditions. The presence of abrasive particles will produce abrasive wear with micro-scratch and micro-scribe on the copper-based material of the brake pad. The critical scratch depth effect in the abrasive wear process is proposed based on the critical depth effect of the metal removal process at the micro-scale. The abrasive wear is divided into two types: scratch wear and scratch wear, which is proposed according to the comparison of the actual scratch depth and the critical scratch depth. The range of braking speeds and friction coefficients in abrasive wear is determined by the recommended parameters of the disc brake. The ABAQUS2020 software is used to simulate and analyze the micro-scale abrasive wear of a brake pad. The brake strain/stress curves of the brake pad under different brake speeds and friction coefficients are compared and analyzed for two abrasive wear types based on the range of braking parameters, and the key factors affecting abrasive wear are proposed.
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Czupryński, Artur, and Mirosława Pawlyta. "Influence of Preheating Temperature on Structural and Mechanical Properties of a Laser-Welded MMC Cobalt Based Coating Reinforced by TiC and PCD Particles." Materials 15, no. 4 (2022): 1400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15041400.
Full textAbstract:
This article presents research on the structural and mechanical properties of an innovative metal matrix composite (MMC) coating designed for use in conditions of intense metal-mineral abrasive wear. The layer, which is intended to protect the working surface of drilling tools used in the oil and natural gas extraction sector, was padded using the multi-run technique on a sheet made of AISI 4715 low-alloy structural steel by Laser Direct Metal Deposition (LDMD) using a high-power fiber laser (FL). An innovative cobalt alloy matrix powder with a ceramic reinforcement of crushed titanium carbide (TiC) and tungsten-coated synthetic polycrystalline diamond (PCD) was used as the surfacing material. The influence of the preheating temperature of the base material on the susceptibility to cracking and abrasive wear of the composite coating was assessed. The structural properties of the coating were characterized by using methods such as optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The mechanical properties of the hardfaced coating were assessed on the basis of the results of a metal-mineral abrasive wear resistance test, hardness measurement, and the observation of the abrasion area with a scanning laser microscope. The results of laboratory tests showed a slight dissolution of the tungsten coating protecting the synthetic PCD particles and the transfer of its components into the metallic matrix of the composite. Moreover, it was proved that an increase in the preheating temperature of the base material prior to welding has a positive effect on reducing the susceptibility of the coating to cracking, reducing the porosity of the metal deposit and increasing the resistance to abrasive wear.