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Journal articles on the topic 'Metal Exchange (London, England)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Sidorova, S. E. "EAST INDIAN AND OTHER DOCKS IN LONDON: IMPERIAL ARCHITECTURE, COLONIAL TRADE AND POSTCOLONIAL MEMORY." Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, no. 3 (13) (2020): 190–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7302-2020-3-190-205.

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The article concentrates on the colonial and postcolonial history, architecture and topography of the southeastern areas of London, where on both banks of the River Thames in the 18th–20th centuries there were located the docks, which became an architectural and engineering response to the rapidly developing trade of England with territories in the Western and Eastern hemispheres of the world. Constructions for various purposes — pools for loading, unloading and repairing ships, piers, shipyards, office and warehouse premises, sites equipped with forges, carpenter’s workshops, shops, canteens, hotels — have radically changed the bank line of the Thames and appearance of the British capital, which has acquired the status of the center of a huge empire. Docks, which by the beginning of the 20th century, occupied an area of 21 hectares, were the seamy side of an imperial-colonial enterprise, a space of hard and routine work that had a specific architectural representation. It was a necessary part of the city intended for the exchange of goods, where the usual ideas about the beauty gave way to considerations of safety, functionality and economy. Not distinguished by architectural grace, chaotically built up, dirty, smoky and fetid, the area was one of the most significant symbols of England during the industrial revolution and colonial rule. The visual image of this greatness was strikingly different from the architectural samples of previous eras, forcing contemporaries to get used to the new industrial aesthetics. Having disappeared in the second half of the 20th century from the city map, they continue to retain a special place in the mental landscape of the city and the historical memory of the townspeople, which is reflected in the chain of museums located in this area that tell the history of English navigation, England’s participation in geographical discoveries, the stages of conquering the world, creating an empire and ways to acquire the wealth of the nation.

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2

Canarella, Giorgio, and Stephen K. Pollard. "The ‘Efficiency’ of the London metal exchange." Journal of Banking & Finance 10, no. 4 (December 1986): 575–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4266(86)80006-1.

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3

MOORE, MICHAEL J., and URSULA CULLEN. "SPECULATIVE EFFICIENCY ON THE LONDON METAL EXCHANGE." Manchester School 63, no. 3 (September 1995): 235–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.1995.tb00281.x.

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4

Özgül, Ali Ulvi, and Dündar Kök. "Volatility analysis in London Metal Exchange: 1995-2013." Pamukkale Journal of Eurasian Socioeconomic Studies 1, no. 1 (2014): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/pjess.2014.98608.

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5

Paul Hallwood, C. "On the efficiency of the London metal exchange." Resources Policy 14, no. 3 (September 1988): 180–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4207(88)90003-7.

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6

Gray, Joanna. "Unsuccessful judicial review: London Metal Exchange disciplinary action R v The London Metal Exchange Limited ex parte Albatros Warehousing BV." Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 9, no. 2 (February 2001): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb025072.

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7

Park, Jaehwan, and Byungkwon Lim. "Testing Efficiency of the London Metal Exchange: New Evidence." International Journal of Financial Studies 6, no. 1 (March 14, 2018): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijfs6010032.

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8

Bird, Peter J. W. N. "The weak form efficiency of the London Metal Exchange." Applied Economics 17, no. 4 (August 1985): 571–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/758534691.

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9

Agbeyegbe, Terence D. "COMMON STOCHASTIC TRENDS: EVIDENCE FROM THE LONDON METAL EXCHANGE." Bulletin of Economic Research 44, no. 2 (April 1992): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8586.1992.tb00540.x.

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10

Bird, Peter J. W. N. "Variation in price dependency measures on the london metal exchange." Applied Economics 18, no. 9 (September 1986): 929–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036848600000051.

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11

MacDonald, Ronald, and Mark P. Taylor. "TESTING RATIONAL EXPECTATIONS AND EFFICIENCY IN THE LONDON METAL EXCHANGE." Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 50, no. 1 (February 1988): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.1988.mp50001003.x.

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12

Sephton, Peter S., and Donald K. Cochrane. "A note on the efficiency of the London metal exchange." Economics Letters 33, no. 4 (August 1990): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(90)90085-f.

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13

Watkins, Clinton, and Michael McAleer. "Pricing of non-ferrous metals futures on the London Metal Exchange." Applied Financial Economics 16, no. 12 (August 2006): 853–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09603100600756514.

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14

Fitz-Gibbon, Desmond. "The London Auction Mart and the Marketability of Real Estate in England, 1808–1864." Journal of British Studies 55, no. 2 (March 11, 2016): 295–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2015.228.

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AbstractThis article considers the cultural work of commoditization through the example of the London Auction Mart and the market for real estate in early nineteenth-century England. The auctioneers who founded this exchange sought to reconfigure the organization of property sales in an institution that would bring order and transparency to a world of informal institutions, local markets, and private exchange. The Auction Mart made visible the idea of a universal, abstract property market. At the same time, it offered a new social and cultural space in which to negotiate the often contradictory meanings of marketable property. This work of making the property market meaningful is told through institutional archives, published accounts, diaries, and estate correspondence.

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15

McKenzie, Michael D., Heather Mitchell, Robert D. Brooks, and Robert W. Faff. "Power ARCH modelling of commodity futures data on the London Metal Exchange." European Journal of Finance 7, no. 1 (March 2001): 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518470123011.

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16

Sephton, Peter S., and Donald K. Cochrane. "The efficiency of the london metal exchange: another look at the evidence." Applied Economics 23, no. 4 (April 1991): 669–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036849108841022.

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17

Panas, E. "Long memory and chaotic models of prices on the London Metal Exchange." Resources Policy 27, no. 4 (December 2001): 235–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-4207(02)00008-9.

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18

MacDonald, Ronald, and Mark Taylor. "METALS PRICES, EFFICIENCY AND COINTEGRATION: SOME EVIDENCE FROM THE LONDON METAL EXCHANGE." Bulletin of Economic Research 40, no. 3 (June 1988): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8586.1988.tb00268.x.

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19

Arouri, Mohamed El Hedi, Fredj Jawadi, and Prosper Mouak. "Testing the efficiency of the aluminium market: evidence from London metal exchange." Applied Financial Economics 23, no. 6 (March 2013): 483–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09603107.2012.727974.

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20

Pleck, Elizabeth. "Slavery in Puritan New England." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 49, no. 2 (August 2018): 305–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh_a_01270.

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Wendy Warren’s deeply researched New England Bound: Slavery and Colonization in Early America depends on investigation of handwritten texts rather than the several new databases about slavery and the slave trade. Warren has tracked down references in the extant literature and added research in unpublished court cases, wills, probate inventories, and private papers in New England as well in London. With her ability to convert a line or two in a court deposition or a will into an argument about the nature of New England slavery, Warren successfully circumvents the illegibility of the archive. The theme of this highly accessible study is how the immoral conjunction of cultivating staple crops for export and racialized slavery reshaped the entire Atlantic world, beginning with a fateful exchange of goods and people between the Caribbean and New England.

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21

MacDonald, Ronald, and Mark P. Taylor. "Rational expectations, risk and efficiency in the London Metal Exchange: an empirical analysis." Applied Economics 21, no. 2 (January 1989): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/773142466.

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22

Mouak, Prosper. "L'aluminium au London Metal Exchange : les spécificités institutionnelles et financières d'un marché à terme." Cahiers d'histoire de l'aluminium 44-45, no. 1 (2010): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/cha.044.0106.

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23

Panas, Epaminondas, and Vassilia Ninni. "The Distribution of London Metal Exchange Prices: A Test of the Fractal Market Hypothesis." EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL XIII, Issue 2 (November 1, 2010): 192–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.35808/ersj/284.

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24

DUCKETT, JEFFREY G., and SILVIA PRESSEL. "The Colorful Phenology of Five Common Terricolous Mosses in London, England." Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 39, no. 1 (July 24, 2017): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/bde.39.1.8.

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Other than general statements about ‘fruiting’ seasons, published floras provide little or no instructive information on moss phenology. Moreover, detailed primary data on reproductive cycles are limited to a very few mosses and remain unknown for the majority of the commonest species. Thus we recorded, over a three year period, the reproductive stages of five very common mosses (Bryum capillare, B. radiculosum, Grimmia pulvinata, Schistidium crassipilum and Tortula muralis) growing on walls in London, England, relying throughout on freshly observed materials rather than dried specimens used in most previous studies. In addition to all the stages visible to the naked eye, which we photographed at regular intervals, specimens were examined microscopically for the presence of viable gametangia, young embryos and the condition of the stomata. Each species had its own distinct phenology and an unique sequence of capsule colour changes. In the two Bryum species, gametangium ontogeny, followed by fertilization, takes place in the spring but the embryos remain dormant until the autumn whereas these stages are autumnal in Grimmia pulvinata, Schistidium crassipilum and Tortula muralis with sporophyte development following immediately. Most stages in sporophyte ontogeny occur over the winter months. The time from embryo formation to spore release ranges from over fifteen months in the two Bryum species down to eight months in Schistidium. In all but this last species there is a delay of up to several months between sporophyte maturation and spore release. In Bryum, hygroscopic movements of the annular cells following heavy rain eventually leads to lid shedding. Over the three years of this study the reproductive cycles were generally the same except that damp weather in the autumn promoted capsule expansion in Grimmia and Schistidium and warm dry weather in the spring hastened capsule maturation in Bryum. Whatever the weather conditions, the stomata of the two Bryum species, Grimmia and Tortula were always open suggesting a primary role in capsule desiccation leading to spore discharge rather than the regulation of gaseous exchange.

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25

Naismith, Rory. "Payments for land and privilege in Anglo-Saxon England." Anglo-Saxon England 41 (December 2012): 277–342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263675112000087.

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AbstractA little over five per cent of surviving Anglo-Saxon charters contain some reference to money or purchase. These cover a multitude of transactions: gifts, sales, bequests, annual renders, and so on. They provide a valuable insight into Anglo-Saxon perceptions of wealth and a detailed view of one specific area of exchange. Gold and precious-metal objects emerge as especially prominent, at the expense of silver coin. The formulation of these documents, however, presents a number of obstacles to interpretation, particularly in that no definitive distinction between charters of gift and sale developed in Anglo-Saxon England. Diverse forms of transactions can be exemplified among them – outright purchase, payment for book-right (with or without an earlier claim to the land in question) and gifts to neutralize potential challenges of title – but these show little correlation with ‘price’ or with the complex social background to every act of exchange.

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26

Preda, A. M., W. B. Schneider, M. Rainer, T. Rüffer, D. Schaarschmidt, H. Lang, and M. Mehring. "Heteroaryl bismuthines: a novel synthetic concept and metal⋯π heteroarene interactions." Dalton Transactions 46, no. 25 (2017): 8269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7dt01437f.

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We report a new synthetic route for heteroaryl bismuth compounds, formed from silanol-alcoholate/amide exchange resulting in the formation of bismuth carbon bonds. Their structures in the solid state reveal London dispersion type bismuth⋯π interactions that determine the supramolecular assemblies.

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27

Miyano, Takaya, and Kenichi Tatsumi. "Determining anomalous dynamic patterns in price indexes of the London Metal Exchange by data synchronization." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 391, no. 22 (November 2012): 5500–5511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2012.05.068.

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28

Heaney, Richard. "A Test of the cost-of-carry relationship using the London Metal Exchange lead contract." Journal of Futures Markets 18, no. 2 (April 1998): 177–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9934(199804)18:2<177::aid-fut4>3.0.co;2-c.

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29

Chen, An-Sing, and James Wuh Lin. "Cointegration and detectable linear and nonlinear causality: analysis using the London Metal Exchange lead contract." Applied Economics 36, no. 11 (June 20, 2004): 1157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0003684042000247352.

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30

HALL, S. G. "AN APPLICATION OF THE STOCHASTIC GARCH-IN-MEAN MODEL TO RISK PREMIA IN THE LONDON METAL EXCHANGE." Manchester School 59, S1 (September 21, 2010): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.1991.tb01368.x.

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31

Bertilorenzi, Marco. "From cartels to futures. The aluminium industry, the London Metal Exchange and European competition policies, 1960s–1980s." Business History 62, no. 5 (May 21, 2018): 782–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00076791.2018.1469621.

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32

Wzorek, Agata, Oleksandr Ivashchuk, and Łukasz Wzorek. "Analysis of the factors influencing the price of aluminum on the world market." Mechanik 90, no. 7 (July 10, 2017): 565–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2017.7.74.

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The article analyzes world prices on the aluminum market in the 20th and 21st centuries, with particular attention to the last five years. The factors influencing the price of this metal have been identified, as well as the factors that influence the short and long term aluminum price forecasts in the world markets, including the London Metal Exchange.

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33

Katz, David S. "The Abendana Brothers and the Christian Hebraists of Seventeenth-Century England." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 40, no. 1 (January 1989): 28–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046900035417.

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One of the most striking features of the first decades of open Jewish resettlement in England is the speed with which Jews managed to integrate themselves into so many different spheres of English life. From the first appointment of a Jew as a broker on the Exchange in 1657 to the first Jewish knighthood in 1700, the story is one of a dramatic rise in the acquisition of rights, privileges and special consideration. So, too, had Jews long been a part of English intellectual and academic life, but before Cromwell's tacit permission of Jewish residence in 1656 only Jewish converts to Christianity dared to make their appearance at English universities. This pattern was broken with the Abendana brothers, Jacob (d. 1685) and Isaac (d. 1699), Hebrew scholars and bibliophiles who came to London from Holland after the Restoration. Jacob Abendana, in the last four years of his life, was rabbi of the Sephardic community in London; Isaac, from at least 1663, taught Hebrew at Oxford and Cambridge. Both men were very much in demand by English scholars, who turned to them to solve Hebraic problems of various kinds and to procure Hebrew books for themselves and for university libraries. Both brothers worked on the first translations of the Mishnah into European languages and thus helped make available to Christian scholars this central core of the Talmud, the Jewish ‘oral’ law. Finally, it was Isaac Abendana who invented the Oxford diary and thereby made a permanent mark on the social habits of the university in which he laboured.

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34

Bellringer, Christopher, and Ranald Michie. "Big Bang in the City of London: an intentional revolution or an accident?" Financial History Review 21, no. 2 (June 23, 2014): 111–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565014000092.

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In July 1983 an agreement was reached between the British government and the London Stock Exchange that was to transform the London securities market in October 1986. The result was a revolution that extended all the way from the design of the market to those permitted access to the governance of those who traded. Given the speed of change, it was termed ‘Big Bang’ by contemporaries. As the scale of the transformation became known, politicians were quick to claim credit for what had been achieved. Subsequently, Big Bang has been regarded as one of the crowning achievements of the Conservative government led by Mrs Thatcher, providing the foundation for the City of London's re-emergence as the leading international financial centre. However, only now is evidence emerging of the intentions of those involved at the time rather than as expressed in the light of hindsight, which casts doubt on what they were seeking to achieve, whether viewed from the perspective of either the politicians or those in charge of the Stock Exchange. Instead, the longer-term pressure for change in the London securities market, the chain reaction caused by abolition of fixed-commission charges, and the proactive role of the Bank of England appear to be of greater significance. What an examination of the process leading up to Big Bang in 1986 reveals is the complexity of political decision involving the financial sector and the danger of unforeseen consequences. One small change can create a tipping point if the result is to remove an essential element within a complex system.

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35

Lavigne, Aurore, Anna Freni Sterrantino, Silvia Liverani, Marta Blangiardo, Kees de Hoogh, John Molitor, and Anna Hansell. "Associations between metal constituents of ambient particulate matter and mortality in England: an ecological study." BMJ Open 9, no. 12 (November 2019): e030140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030140.

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ObjectivesTo investigate long-term associations between metal components of particulate matter (PM) and mortality and lung cancer incidence.DesignSmall area (ecological) study.SettingPopulation living in all wards (~9000 individuals per ward) in the London and Oxford area of England, comprising 13.6 million individuals.Exposure and outcome measuresWe used land use regression models originally used in the Transport related Air Pollution and Health Impacts—Integrated Methodologies for Assessing Particulate Matter study to estimate exposure to copper, iron and zinc in ambient air PM. We examined associations of metal exposure with Office for National Statistics mortality data from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and respiratory causes and with lung cancer incidence during 2008–2011.ResultsThere were 108 478 CVD deaths, 48 483 respiratory deaths and 24 849 incident cases of lung cancer in the study period and area. Using Poisson regression models adjusted for area-level deprivation, tobacco sales and ethnicity, we found associations between cardiovascular mortality and PM2.5 copper with interdecile range (IDR 2.6–5.7 ng/m3) and IDR relative risk (RR) 1.005 (95%CI 1.001 to 1.009) and between respiratory mortality and PM10 zinc (IDR 1135–153 ng/m3) and IDR RR 1.136 (95%CI 1.010 to 1.277). We did not find relevant associations for lung cancer incidence. Metal elements were highly correlated.ConclusionOur analysis showed small but not fully consistent adverse associations between mortality and particulate metal exposures likely derived from non-tailpipe road traffic emissions (brake and tyre wear), which have previously been associated with increases in inflammatory markers in the blood.

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36

Sabah, S. A., J. Henckel, E. Cook, R. Whittaker, H. Hothi, Y. Pappas, G. Blunn, J. A. Skinner, and A. J. Hart. "Validation of primary metal-on-metal hip arthroplasties on the National Joint Registry for England, Wales and Northern Ireland using data from the London Implant Retrieval Centre." Bone & Joint Journal 97-B, no. 1 (January 2015): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.97b1.35279.

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37

Paytyan, Karen. "Developing the Criterion of Exchange Quotation Prediction Quality for Metal Trader Decision Support." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 3. Ekonomika. Ekologija, no. 1 (March 2019): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu3.2019.1.12.

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The main purpose of this article is to present a criterion for assessing the quality of forecasting nickel exchange prices to support the decision-making of a metal trader, taking into account the specifics of their commercial activities. We consider the commercial operation of a metal trading company, which consists in purchasing a metal with a view to its resale in 14 days. Most of these operations occur in nickel-rich alloys, which suggests that their prices are largely determined by nickel quotes on the LME (London Metal Exchange). Therefore, metal traders need forecasting models with a long lead time series with a high degree of volatility. One of the first assumptions suggests that in order to ensure profitable trading, it is necessary, first of all, to correctly predict the direction of price change. On the other hand, it is intuitively clear that the better the model, the more likely it will be to guess the further trend. However, it remains an open question as to what accuracy of the forecast will provide the so-called break-even point to the metal trader. This work is devoted to the search for this facet. Another assumption that the quality of any model depends on the degree of volatility of the predicted time series helps to find the exact point from which we can talk about the possibility of successful trading. Taking into account these provisions, a criterion has been developed for assessing the quality of forecasting models, which makes it possible to state with high probability that the use of a forecast that meets it will ensure commercial success for the metal trader. It is also important to note that the quality of the model can be judged only after comparing its accuracy with the characteristics of the considered time series. The prediction error itself does not give an exhaustive picture of the quality of the applied model.

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38

Hunt, Margaret. "Racism, Imperialism, and the Traveler's Gaze in Eighteenth-Century England." Journal of British Studies 32, no. 4 (October 1993): 333–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/386039.

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These creative acts compose, within a historical period, a specific community: a community visible in the structure of feeling and demonstrable, above all, in fundamental choices of form.I had become convinced … that the most penetrating analysis would always be of forms, specifically literary forms, where changes of viewpoint, changes of known and knowable relationships, changes of possible and actual resolutions, could be directly demonstrated, as forms of literary organization, and then, just because they involved more than individual solutions, could be reasonably related to a real social history. [Raymond Williams]In the waning years of the seventeenth century Sir William Petty, F.R.S., a talented statistician, champion of trade and commerce, and “projector” of schemes for national betterment, drew up a plan to cope with what he, at least, saw as a major problem. Petty had observed that there were large numbers of English youth from respectable families who had not the leisure, money, nor opportunity to travel to foreign countries. He was concerned that these worthy young men would miss the chance to develop the expansive faculty of mind and commercial acumen that foreign travel provided and national progress demanded. The crux of his scheme was that these youths would repair to London, where they would encounter businessmen around the Royal Exchange “who have fresh concerne & correspondance with all parts of the knowne world & with all the Commodityes growing or made within the same.”

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39

Keen, A. "Lead and the London Metal Exchange — a happy marriage? The outlook for prices and pricing issues confronting the lead industry." Journal of Power Sources 88, no. 1 (May 2000): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-7753(99)00507-8.

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40

Johann, Ch, U. Kleinekathöfer, K. T. Tang, and J. P. Toennies. "Generalized Heitler-London theory with exchange energy by the surface integral method: an application to the alkali metal dimer cations." Chemical Physics Letters 257, no. 5-6 (August 1996): 651–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(96)00602-1.

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41

Shook, Lauren. "Women, Food Exchange, and Governance in Early Modern England. Madeline Bassnett. Early Modern Literature in History. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016. x + 248 pp. $109.99." Renaissance Quarterly 72, no. 4 (2019): 1501–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rqx.2019.434.

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42

Hasni, Hasni. "ANALISIS HUBUNGAN HARGA TIMAH BKDI DAN LME SERTA KEBIJAKAN EKSPOR TERHADAP KINERJA EKSPOR TIMAH INDONESIA." Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan 9, no. 2 (December 31, 2015): 201–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30908/bilp.v9i2.8.

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Timah merupakan bahan tambang yang tidak terbarukan. Indonesia menempati peringkat kedua sebagai produsen bijih timah terbesar dunia. Sejak 30 Agustus 2013, ekspor timah Indonesia harus melalui mekanisme transaksi di Bursa Komoditi dan Derivatif Indonesia (BKDI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara harga timah BKDI dan harga timah di London Metal Exchange (LME) serta kebijakan ekspor terhadap kinerja ekspor timah Indonesia. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder dari BKDI, LME, Asian Metal dan BPS. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan metode Granger causality menunjukkan bahwa setelah satu tahun penerapan ekspor timah melalui BKDI, harga timah BKDI dipengaruhi oleh harga timah LME pada rentang waktu satu hari kerja. Dari sisi penerimaan ekspor, kebijakan ekspor melalui BKDI dapat meningkatkan nilai ekspor timah bulanan ke Singapura. Pemerintah harus melanjutkan kebijakan ekspor timah yakni ekspor melalui Bursa Komoditi dan Derivatif Indonesia untuk mencegah ekspor timah ilegal dan meningkatkan daya saing serta nilai tambah produk timah ekspor Indonesia. Tin is a non-renewable mineral. Indonesia is the second largest producer of tin ore in the world. Since August 30 2013, Indonesian tin export has been done through The Indonesia Commodity and Derivatives Exchange (ICDX) transaction mechanism. This study aims to analyze the relationship between ICDX’s tin price and the London Metal Exchange (LME) price as well as the effect of tin export mechanism through ICDX on the Indonesia’s tin export performance. The secondary data were taken from BKDI, LME, Asian Metal and BPS. The results showed that using Granger causality analysis, after one year the policy is being implemented, there is a relationship between ICDX’s tin price and LME price on one (working days) time lag. Tin export policy through ICDX mechanism can increase the value of monthly tin exports to Singapore, therefore it increases the export earning. The government needs to continue the tin export policy through the ICDX to prevent illegal tin export as well as to strenghten the competitiveness and value added of Indonesian tin export.

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Lascsáková, Marcela. "Improving Accuracy of the Numerical Model Forecasting Commodity Prices." Applied Mechanics and Materials 708 (December 2014): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.708.251.

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In mathematical models, for forecasting prices on commodity exchanges different mathematical methods are used. In the paper the numerical model based on the exponential approximation of commodity stock exchanges was derived. The price prognoses of aluminium on the London Metal Exchange were determined as numerical solution of the Cauchy initial problem for the 1st order ordinary differential equation. To make the numerical model more accurate the idea of the modification of the initial condition value by the stock exchange was realized. The derived numerical model was observed to determine the influence of the decreased size of the limiting value error causing the modification of the initial condition value by the chosen stock exchange on the accuracy of the obtained prognoses. The advantage of the chosen sizes of the limiting value error 7 % and 8 % within different movements of aluminium prices was studied.

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Živanović, Vladimir. "The impact of changes in the base and precious metals prices on credit risk factors." Megatrend revija 17, no. 2 (2020): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/megrev2002045z.

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The changes in the prices of base and precious metals on the global metal market have a significant impact on credit risk factors. The link between these factors has been neglected over the years by traditional credit risk models. The inclusion of correlation coefficients within the set credit risk model will show the impact of these changes on other variables of credit risk over the years under review and the impact of these changes on the probability of default and the recovery rate. Changes in base metals prices on the London Metal Exchange (LME) for lead and zinc and the London Bullion Metal Association (LBMA) for gold and silver as precious metals were used in the proposed credit risk model for the period of ten years. The research was done by using the multivariate regression analysis model and based on the statistical model evaluation,the significant impact of all observed independent variables on the dependent variable of the proposed model was proved. The construction of the proposed model with proven predictability gives a scientific significance to the research that includes variables of models from different markets, which have a significant impact on the variables from the financial market.

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Samuels, John, Sheila Greenfield, and Herrick Mpuku. "Exporting and the Smaller Firm." International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship 10, no. 2 (January 1992): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026624269201000202.

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PROFESSORJOHN SAMUELS IS HEAD OF Birmingham Business School, Dr. Sheila Greenfield is a Research Fellow in the Department of Accounting and Finance, and Herrick Mpuku is with the Department of Economics, all at Birmingham University, England. The objective of this paper is to report on research into the pricing behaviour in the export market and the attitude towards risk of a sample of smaller companies located in the West Midlands of England. The study was undertaken in 1990 at a time of high interest rates and volatile exchange rates. The particular questions considered included the terms of trade, the currency of invoicing, the extent to which hedging takes place, the adjustment of export prices to changing exchange rates, and the use of the government's Export Credits Guarantee Department, which insures exporters against non-payment and other risks. The responses were analysed by the size of firms, the years of experience in exporting, and the percentage of turnover that is exported. The firms in the sample varied from those employing less than 10 people to those employing more than 200. Not surprisingly because the survey was conducted among Birmingham and West Midlands companies, the vast majority are in the metal goods, engineering and manufacturing industries. More than 40 per cent of the firms had been exporting for more than 50 years.

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McIntosh, Marjorie K. "Money Lending on the Periphery of London, 1300–1600." Albion 20, no. 4 (1988): 557–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4050197.

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Money lending was an essential part of the local and regional economies of England during the later medieval and Tudor periods. Cash was required for purchases of goods, animals, or land, payment of rents and taxes, and the wages of hired workers. People who lacked money to cover these expenses between 1300 and 1600 commonly resorted to borrowing. Borrowing thus might be undertaken for purposes of either consumption or investment. Further, during much of the later medieval period and occasionally during the Tudor years specie was in short supply. Even a man of some wealth might find himself without sufficient currency on hand to cover his immediate needs. In nearly all cases late medieval and Tudor loans were for short terms, for periods ranging from a few weeks to six months. Interest was normally charged on local loans, although the amount was concealed due to the Church's prohibition of usury.Money lending was particularly important within commercialized areas—the major cities and their economic hinterlands. The region lying within a radius of about twenty miles from London formed one of the most thoroughly commercialized parts of the country. By the fourteenth century people living on the periphery of the capital were deeply involved in furnishing consumer goods to London. Agriculture among middling and larger tenants focused upon market sale; craftsmen sometimes sold to citizens as well as to their own neighbors. Late medieval London was surrounded by a ring of at least thirty-two market towns located within twenty miles of the capital. These markets served to channel grain, animals, fuel, and craft items into the city while also functioning as centers of trade for their own areas. In the market communities around London the extent of trade was unusually large and the economic sophistication of local people unusually high. Cash was the medium of accounting for all transactions and the medium of exchange for the great majority of them. It is not surprising that money lending played an especially significant role in this area.

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Watson, Janet. "BOOK REVIEW: Carol E. Morgan.WOMEN WORKERS AND GENDER IDENTITIES, 1835-1913: THE COTTON AND METAL INDUSTRIES IN ENGLAND. London and New York: Routledge, 2001." Victorian Studies 46, no. 1 (October 2003): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/vic.2003.46.1.135.

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Kartal, Mustafa Tevfik. "Katılım Bankacılığında Kredilerin Yapılandırılması: Metal Borsası Perspektifinden Bir İnceleme / Credit Restructuring in Participation Banking: An Examination from Perspective of Metal Exchange." Journal of History Culture and Art Research 7, no. 5 (December 31, 2018): 736. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v7i5.1711.

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<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Credits have become the most important asset item in the participation banking which has been going on to growth in Turkey. Credits have reached level of TL 106 billion at the end of 2017 whereas it was level of TL 41 billion at the end of 2011. Shares of credits in total assets have occurred as 66.6% at the end of 2017 whereas 7it was as 73.2% at the end of 2010. On the other hand, increases in nonperforming credits have been seen with the credits’ growth. Net nonperforming credits have reached level of TL 992 million at the end of 2017 whereas it was level of TL 430 million at the end of 2011. Therefore, it is important that credits are restructured before follow-up stage.</p><p>This study is prepared to examine credit restructuring in participation banking which have reached to an important amount. In the study, restructuring of credits in participation banking is examined in view of metal exchange. It has been defined that credit restructuring transactions are carried out at high level in participation banking; London Metal Exchange (LME) is used for these transactions; transaction volume at billion TL is occurred abroad; commission at million USD is paid to abroad. As a result of the study, establishment of a metal market, which has LME standards and characteristics, in Borsa İstanbul (BIST) is recommended. With the realization of the recommendation, credit restructuring process of participation banks will be shortened, the transaction volume at billion TL paid abroad will be attracted to the domestic market, commissions at million USD be kept in the domestic market, financial markets will be diversified, hence contribution will be provided to participation banking and Turkish Banking Sector.</p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>Türkiye’de büyümesi devam eden katılım bankacılığında krediler en önemli varlık kalemi haline gelmiştir. 2011 sonunda 41 milyar TL seviyesinde olan krediler 2017 yılsonunda 106 milyar TL seviyesine ulaşmıştır. Katılım bankacılığında kredilerin aktif toplam içindeki payı 2011 yılında %73,2 seviyesindeyken 2017 yılsonunda %66,6 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Diğer taraftan kredilerin artışı ile birlikte takipteki kredilerde artış görülmektedir. 2011 yılsonunda 430 milyon TL seviyesinde olan net takipteki krediler 2017 yılsonunda 992 milyon TL seviyesine ulaşmıştır. Dolayısı ile kredilerin takip aşamasına gelmeden yapılandırılması önem taşımaktadır.</p><p>Bu çalışma katılım bankacılığında önemli tutarlara ulaşan kredi yapılandırma faaliyetlerinin incelenmesine yönelik hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada katılım bankacılığında kredilerin yapılandırılması metal borsası perspektifinden incelenmiştir. Katılım bankacılığında yüksek tutarda kredi yapılandırma işlemlerinin yapıldığı, bu işlemlerde Londra Metal Borsası’nın (LMB) kullanıldığı, milyar TL seviyesinde işlem hacminin yurtdışında gerçekleştiği ve milyon dolar seviyesinde komisyonun yurt dışına ödendiği belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Borsa İstanbul (BİST) bünyesinde LMB standartlarına ve özelliklerine sahip bir metal piyasası kurulması önerilmiştir. Bu önerinin hayata geçmesi ile birlikte katılım bankalarının kredi yapılandırma süreçleri kısalacak, yurtdışında gerçekleştirilen milyar TL’lik işlem hacmi yurtiçine çekilecek, yurtdışına ödenen milyon dolarlık aracı komisyonları yurt içinde kalacak, finansal piyasalar çeşitlendirilecek, dolayısıyla katılım bankacılığına ve Türk Bankacılık Sektörüne katkı sağlanacaktır.</p>

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Borowski, Krzysztof, and Małgorzata Łukasik. "Analysis of Selected Seasonality Effects in the Following Metal Markets: Gold, Silver, Platinum, Palladium and Copper." Journal of Management and Financial Sciences, no. 27 (July 29, 2019): 59–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/jmfs.2017.27.4.

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The commodity market has been becoming one of the most popular segments of the financial markets among individual and institutional investors in recent years. Similarly to the eąuity market, the problem of anomalies in the commodities market is becoming an interesting phenomenon, especially in the segment of the precious metals. This paper tests the hypothesis of monthly, the day-of-the week and weekend effects of the precious metal markets ąuoted on the London Metal Exchange for gold, silver, platinum and copper in the period of 1.01.1995-31.12.2015 considering also palladium in the period 1.01.1998-31.12.2015. Calculations presented in this paper indicate the absence of the monthly effect on gold, silver, platinum, copper markets but proved occurrence of monthly anomaly in the month of September on palladium market. In the analyzed period day- of-the week effect for any of the studied metal markets was not observed but the weekend effect was registered on the gold and copper markets.

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Kosmetatos, Paul. "Last resort lending before Henry Thornton? The Bank of England’s role in containing the 1763 and 1772–1773 British credit crises." European Review of Economic History 23, no. 3 (July 3, 2018): 299–328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ereh/hey013.

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AbstractClaims that the Bank of England began to act as a Lender of Last Resort as early as the mid-eighteenth century date back to Adam Smith and Henry Thornton. This article presents evidence on the Bank’s financial market interventions during the 1763 and 1772–1773 crises, and concludes that although the former was too gradual to be truly representative of last resort lending by 1772 the means of intervention described by Thornton were largely in place. Although direct evidence for the Bank’s decision making process on either occasion is lacking, the universal contemporary conviction of its unique resources and obligations make it unlikely that it was entirely motivated by political considerations or cronyism. Its actions are instead consistent with Thornton’s crisis containment narrative of banknote loans to London bankers, which in turn was the optimal response for containing financial contagion by ensuring the continued health of the bills of exchange network.

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