Academic literature on the topic 'Metal ions'

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Journal articles on the topic "Metal ions"

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KAJIYAMA, Tetsuto, Shohei SAKAI, Jun INOUE, Toru YOSHINO, Satoshi OHMURO, Kensuke ARAI, and Hisao KOKUSEN. "Synthesis of a Metal Ion Adsorbent from Banana Fibers and Its Adsorption Properties for Rare Metal Ions." Journal of Ion Exchange 27, no. 3 (2016): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5182/jaie.27.57.

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Djunaidi, Muhammad Cholid, and Khabibi Khabibi. "Potential Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions by Eugenol Compounds and Derivatives through Ion Imprinted Polymer." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 22, no. 6 (October 21, 2019): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.22.6.263-268.

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Research on the potential of Ion Imprinted Polymer (IIP) selective adsorption of heavy metals using eugenol compounds and their derivatives has been carried out. Isolation and synthesis of eugenol derivatives with metal selective active groups and their use as selective metal carriers have been carried out with satisfactory results. Carrier effectiveness can still be improved by methods that focus on the target molecule recognition model. This adsorption method is called Ion Imprinted Polymer (IIP). The main components of IIP are functional monomers, crosslinkers, and target molecules. The use of acrylamide and its derivatives as functional monomers is useful with a lot of success achieved but also invites danger because it includes carcinogenic substances, a nerve poison, and so on. Moreover, the N group, which is an active acrylamide group, and its derivatives are only selective towards borderline metals (HSAB theory). Alternatives that are safe and can increase their selectivity are therefore needed. Eugenol, with its three potential functional groups, is believed to be able to replace the function of acrylamide and its derivatives that can even increase the effectiveness of IIP. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential of eugenol derivatives as selective adsorbents through the IIP method. This synthesis of IIP involved the use of basic ingredients of eugenol and its derivatives (polyeugenol, EOA, polyacetate). Each base material is contacted with a metal template then crosslinked with three kinds of crosslinking agents, namely EGDMA, DVB, and bisphenol. IIP is formed after the metal template is released using acid/HCl. The outcomes obtained demonstrate that the IIP method is able to increase the metal adsorption capacity and that the IIP method for metals is largely determined by the release of metals, which will form a hole for metal entry through adsorption. Poly-Cd-DVB, Eug-Cr-DVB, Poly-Cu-bisphenol, Polyacetate -Cr-DVB are polymer materials that have the potential to make up an IIP.
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ROUHI, A. MAUREEN. "Escorting Metal Ions." Chemical & Engineering News 75, no. 45 (November 10, 1997): 34–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v075n045.p034.

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Ribeiro, Ana, Artur Valente, and Victor Lobo. "Diffusion Behaviour of Trivalent Metal Ions in Aqueous Solutions." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 5, no. 2 (June 15, 2011): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht05.02.133.

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Rathore, Mukta, Ahmad Jahan Khanam, and Vikas Gupta. "Studies on Synthesis and Ion Exchange Properties of Sulfonated Polyvinyl Alcohol/Phosphomolybdic Acid Composite Cation Exchanger." Materials Science Forum 875 (October 2016): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.875.149.

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In this study, sulfonated polyvinyl alcohol/phosphomolybdic acid composite cation exchange membrane was prepared by solution casting method. Some of the ionb exchange peroperties such as ion exchange capacity for alkali and alkali metal ions, effect of temperature on ion exchange capacity, elution behavior, effect of eluent concentration, distribution coefficient were studied. On the basis of selectivity coefficient values some important binary separation of heavy metal ion pairs such as Hg (II)-Zn (II), Hg (II)-Cd (II), Hg (II)-Ni (II) and Hg (II)-Cu (II) were carried out. It was observed that elution of heavy metal ions depends upon the metal-eluting ligand stability. Mercury remained in column for a longer time than that of other heavy metal ions. The separations are fairly sharp and recovery of Hg (II) ions is quantitative and reproducible.
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Manousi, Natalia, Dimitrios A. Giannakoudakis, Erwin Rosenberg, and George A. Zachariadis. "Extraction of Metal Ions with Metal–Organic Frameworks." Molecules 24, no. 24 (December 16, 2019): 4605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244605.

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Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline porous materials composed of metal ions or clusters coordinated with organic linkers. Due to their extraordinary properties such as high porosity with homogeneous and tunable in size pores/cages, as well as high thermal and chemical stability, MOFs have gained attention in diverse analytical applications. MOFs have been coupled with a wide variety of extraction techniques including solid-phase extraction (SPE), dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE), and magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) for the extraction and preconcentration of metal ions from complex matrices. The low concentration levels of metal ions in real samples including food samples, environmental samples, and biological samples, as well as the increased number of potentially interfering ions, make the determination of trace levels of metal ions still challenging. A wide variety of MOF materials have been employed for the extraction of metals from sample matrices prior to their determination with spectrometric techniques.
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Permyakov, Eugene A. "Metal Binding Proteins." Encyclopedia 1, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 261–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia1010024.

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Metal ions play several major roles in proteins: structural, regulatory, and enzymatic. The binding of some metal ions increase stability of proteins or protein domains. Some metal ions can regulate various cell processes being first, second, or third messengers. Some metal ions, especially transition metal ions, take part in catalysis in many enzymes. From ten to twelve metals are vitally important for activity of living organisms: sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, manganese, iron, cobalt, zinc, nickel, vanadium, molybdenum, and tungsten. This short review is devoted to structural, physical, chemical, and physiological properties of proteins, which specifically bind these metal cations.
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Ilyasova, X. N. "THE STUDY OF ION-EXCHANGE EQUILIBRIUM OF HEAVY METAL IONS Cо2+ AND Cd2+ ON THE NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC SORBENTS." Azerbaijan Chemical Journal, no. 4 (December 8, 2022): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32737/0005-2531-2022-4-122-127.

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These article summaries the results of studying the sorption equilibrium of ions close to their concentration in the liquid industrial waste. For experimental research, solutions with concentration of Со2+ and Cd2+ ions in the range of 1·10-3–1·10-4 N have been used. These concentrations match to ion con¬cen¬tration in industrial liquid waste with the ions mentioned. In the experiments, the Na+- modified forms of natural sorbents based on clinoptilolite from the Aydag deposit and on bentonite from the Dash-Salakhli (Azerbaijan) deposit were used. For comparison, among industrial sorbents, we used synthetic cation exchanger KU–2–8 (styrene and divinylbenzene co–poly¬mer), which we modified in H+, Na+-form. The thermodynamic constant of ion-exchange equilibrium for differently charged ions, calculated by the Gorshkov-Tolmachev formula, does not depend on the solution concentration, and to calculate this value, it is not required to determine the activity coefficient. Based on experiments to determine equilibrium concentrations, we can recommend inexpensive and available Na-clinoptilolite and Na-bentonite instead of synthetic industrial KU-2-8 for the sorption extraction of Co2+ and Cd2+ ions from wastewater
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Griffin, David H., Guther Winkelmann, and Dennis R. Winge. "Metal Ions in Fungi." Mycologia 87, no. 3 (May 1995): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3760843.

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Schweikhard, L., St Becker, K. Dasgupta, G. Dietrich, H.-J. Kluge, D. Kreisle, S. Krückeberg, et al. "Trapped metal cluster ions." Physica Scripta T59 (January 1, 1995): 236–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/1995/t59/032.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Metal ions"

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Reinhard, Björn M. "Chemistry of microsolvated metal ions." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969739273.

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Phillips, Rosemary Helen. "Metal ions and Helicobacter pylori." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408125.

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Poteau, Xavier. "Fluorescent sensors for metal ions." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2001. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/21458/.

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The considerable current interest in the use of fluorescent molecules in molecular recognition is not new, but is one that has increased in importance in recent years due to their applications in many fields including trace analysis in chemistry and biochemistry. Using the "dual fluorescence" properties of TICT state compounds (Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer which gives an extra red-shifted emission band) and the key property of crown ether compounds which is their ability to complex ions, we designed and synthesised a range of new fluoroionophores and studied their photophysical behaviour towards a selection of alkaline and alkaline-earth metal ions. The new fluoroionophores (4-(i '-aza-4'-7'- 10 ,-i 3 '-tetraoxapentadecyl) benzonitrile, 4-( 1 '-aza-4'-7'- 10-i 3'-! 6'-pentaoxapentadecyl)benzonitrile, methyl-4- (1 '-aza-4'-7'-10'-13'-tetraoxapentadecyl)benzoate, 4'-N,N-(i "-aza-4",7",iO' ',l 3"- tetra oxapentadecyl)-3-hydroxyflavone and 4'-N,N-(l "-aza-4' ',7' ',lO", 13"- tetraoxapenta decyl)-3-methoxyflavone) have been shown to form TICT states upon excitation. The photophysics (absorption, emission, lifetimes) of these compounds are affected by the complexation of cations which reduce the donor character of the nitrogen belonging to the crown. The studied dications (Mg2 , Ca2 and Ba2') lead to larger spectral shifts and bigger values of the binding constant Ks than the studied monocations (Lie, Nat, K, CC) which can be interpreted in terms of a stronger electrostatic interaction between the nitrogen lone pair and the alkaline-earth metals than the alkali-metals. It appears that the selectivity demonstrated by these crown ethers towards the alkaline earth and alkali metals is not only explained by the "hole-size relationship" between the size of the crown ether cavity and the ionic mdii of the metal ions. The type of substituent on the phenyl of the azacrown ether has been shown to further influence the spectroscopic properties (shift of the absorption ansi emission bands). Nevertheless the photophysical properties of the azacrown ether derivatives studied does not show enhancement of the selectivity towards the studied metals on expansion of the delocalisation system. More complex mechanisms are in operation in flexible systems such as the azacrown derivatives used in this study geometry, conformation and rigidity all play roles in determining the binding strength and selectivity of these molecules.
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Ebreo, Darren. "The role of metal ions in metal-on-metal total hip replacement." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2016. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/59343/.

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Metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip replacement (THR) offered theoretical advantages of decreased wear and increased functional outcomes. MoM bearings have been associated with sterile inflammatory masses and significant soft tissue destruction with poorer outcomes following revision surgery. The natural history of adverse reactions to metal debris (ARMD) is unknown, but may represent contributions from bearing surface wear, taper junction wear, and corrosion. Immunological and genetic factors may influence susceptibility to development of ARMD. Between 1997 and 2004, 652 Ultima TPS THRs (DePuy) were implanted in 545 patients who went on to experience a high rate of early implant failure (13.8%). Management of these patients has evolved beyond regular clinical follow up with plain radiographs to include surveillance monitoring of trends in levels of blood metal ions and staging of disease using metal artefact reduction (MAR) MRI. This study investigated: • The natural history of ARMD in 28mm MoM THR using MAR MRI. • The possibility of diurnal variation of cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr). • Differences in gene expression profiles of patients undergoing revision of a metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) THR for aseptic loosening and those with ARMD arising from MoM THR. In patients whose MARS MRI staging on initial scan is normal or where mild evidence of disease is demonstrated, further deterioration is unlikely. Where it does occur, the rate of deterioration is slow and there may be a latent period of many years. There is no diurnal variation in levels of cobalt (Co) in plasma or urine. There is diurnal variation in levels of plasma chromium, but this is not clinically significant. Patterns of gene expression in patients with aseptic loosening of a metal-onpolyethylene (MoP) THR, and patients with ARMD from a MoM THR investigated by a microarray experiment were found to be similar on a genome-wide level suggesting that they may share common factors in their aetiologies. These studies have helped to describe the natural history of ARMD on a cellular and radiological level, and have provided a contribution to the evidence base that will inform as to the optimum strategy for monitoring these patients before they develop catastrophic complications.
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OGGIANU, MARIANGELA. "Luminescent platforms for metal ions sensing." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/314054.

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This PhD thesis reports on the strategies for the design of novel luminescent chemosensors as valid alternative to conventional optical sensors, to recognize environmental pollutants, mainly heavy metal ions and nitroaromatics. Luminescent lab-on-chip platforms, molecular and Hybrid-based chemosensors, and luminescent Nanosheets are the three platforms developed for sensing applications. Fluorescent dyes of the family of Xhantenes, Rhodamine (RhO) and Fluorescein (Fluo), Diketopyrrolopyrroles (DPPs) and 2,5 -dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone derivatives are the old-fashioned and new building blocks selected, respectively, to fabricate these optical sensors, because of their unique luminescent properties. Particularly, 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone, was selected for its capability i) to produce two dimensional (2D) Coordination Polymers/Metal-Organic Frameworks (CPs/MOFs) and ii) to act as a good antenna ligand towards NIR and Vis. emitting Lanthanide ions. 2D CPs/MOFs, based on this linker, were obtained and miniaturized to 2D Nanosheets (NS), as challenging sensing platforms.
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Dey, Gopal Ch. "Application of functionalised chelating resins for selective sorption of metal ions with special reference to heavy metals." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1391.

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Ma, Yiu Wa. "Fixed bed removal of heavy metal ions by chelating ion exchange." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491880.

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Column runs with varied operation conditions of flowrate, feed concentration and particle size have been conducted to observe the sorption of nickel, copper and zinc by the chelating resin. They all show a typical constant-pattern, steep curve in the first part of the breakthrough curve and the slope would dramatically reduce at a breakpoint such that it would take extremely long time to reach 100% breakthrough level. ~ The Modified Bed Depth Service Time (BDST) model incorporated with a timedependent bed capacity has been used together with the Empty Bed Residence Time (EBRT) model to analyze the fixed bed performance under different operating conditions. The Homogeneous Surface Diffusion Model (HSDM) and the Shrinking Core Diffusion . Model (SCDM) have been applied to- model the fixed bed performance. Due to the dramatic change in the slope, the first and second parts of the breakthrough curves need to be modeled separately. Comparing the two models, SCDM is more appropriate to explain the sorption of metal ions into the chelating resin. The research has suggested the existence of a Na-loaded outer shell and a H-loaded inner core in the chelating resin. When the moving boundary progresses from the outer shell into the inner core, there is a remarkable change in the ion exchange process, resulting in different kinetics. This explains the sharp change in the slope of the experimental breakthrough curves. A new version of SCDM has been developed to model the progression of the moving boundary inside the resin for the successive resin layers along the whole resin column so as to predict the column' s solid and liquid phase concentration profiles. The new SCDM has. the flexibility of varying the portion of the outer shell so that the behavior of resins with different resin Na contents can be predicted.
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Kelly, Gregory J. "Negative ion production from positive ions incident in a metal vapour." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22416.

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Rejaldien, Moegamat Zain. "Base metal equilibrium prediction on ion exchange resin." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/875.

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Thesis (MTech (Chemical Engineering)--Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 2002
This study is the first phase of an investigation into an alternative process to recover base metals from solution, namely ion exchange. An identified ion exchange resin was employed to study the recovery of copper, nickel and cobalt from electrolytic solutions. The main focus of the investigation was the prediction of equilibrium conditions in this multi-component system using a batch configuration. In order to predict equilibrium conditions. existing multi-component isotherms such as Fritz and Schleunder were tested. It has been shown that traditional isothem15 did not accurately predict equilibrium conditions. hence the need for development of new isotherms. Essentially two approaches were followed in the development of new isotherms namely. an effective concentration approach as well as a heat transfer approach. Both yielded positive outcomes with the effective concentration approach proving to be the most accurate. In addition to these two approaches a thermodynamical approach was also tested which also showed favourable predictions for Cu loading
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Chen, Wan-Ru. "Interactions of tetracycline antibiotics with dissolved metal ions and metal oxides." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24698.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Huang, Ching-Hua; Committee Member: Kim, Jaehong; Committee Member: Pavlostathis, Spyros; Committee Member: Stack, Andrew; Committee Member: Yiacoumi, Sotira
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Books on the topic "Metal ions"

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Bhattacharya, Pabitra Krishna, and Prakash B. Samnani. Metal Ions in Biochemistry. 2nd edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021. | Originally published: Metal ions in biochemistry / P.K. Bhattacharya. 2005.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003108429.

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Brown, Paul L., and Christian Ekberg, eds. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527656189.

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Wase, D. A. John, 1938- and Forster C. F, eds. Biosorbents for metal ions. London: Taylor & Francis, 1997.

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Günther, Winkelmann, and Winge Dennis R, eds. Metal ions in fungi. New York: M. Dekker, 1994.

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J, Beveridge Terrance, and Doyle Ronald J, eds. Metal ions and bacteria. New York: Wiley, 1989.

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Astrid, Sigel, Sigel Helmut, and Sigel Roland K. O, eds. Neurodegenerative diseases and metal ions. Chichester, West Sussex, England: Wiley, 2006.

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Sigel, Astrid, Helmut Sigel, and Roland K. O. Sigel, eds. Neurodegenerative Diseases and Metal Ions. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470028114.

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Linert, Wolfgang, and Henryk Kozlowski, eds. Metal Ions in Neurological Systems. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1001-0.

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Silver, Simon, and William Walden, eds. Metal Ions in Gene Regulation. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5993-1.

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Astrid, Sigel, and Sigel Helmut, eds. Metal ions in biological systems. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Metal ions"

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Dugas, Hermann. "Metal Ions." In Springer Advanced Texts in Chemistry, 398–488. New York, NY: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0324-4_6.

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Dugas, Hermann. "Metal Ions." In Springer Advanced Texts in Chemistry, 388–481. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2426-6_6.

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Daniel, Joseph, and Hena Ziaee. "Metal Ions." In Modern Hip Resurfacing, 135–61. London: Springer London, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-088-9_13.

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Wertz, John E., and James R. Bolton. "Transition-metal Ions. I." In Electron Spin Resonance, 258–312. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4075-8_11.

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Andraos, John, and Albert S. Matlack. "Toxic Heavy Metal Ions." In Introduction to Green Chemistry, 81–114. 3rd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003033615-4.

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Guru, Sruthi, and Indu Tucker Sidhwani. "Lanthanide Metal Ions Detection." In Functional Fluorescent Materials, 58–92. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003352372-4.

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Bhattacharya, Pabitra Krishna, and Prakash B. Samnani. "Metal Complexes in Therapeutics." In Metal Ions in Biochemistry, 219–30. 2nd edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021. | Originally published: Metal ions in biochemistry / P.K. Bhattacharya. 2005.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003108429-12.

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Bhattacharya, Pabitra Krishna, and Prakash B. Samnani. "Structure of Cells and Introduction to Bioinorganic Chemistry." In Metal Ions in Biochemistry, 1–16. 2nd edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021. | Originally published: Metal ions in biochemistry / P.K. Bhattacharya. 2005.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003108429-1.

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Bhattacharya, Pabitra Krishna, and Prakash B. Samnani. "Less Common Trace Metal Ions in Biochemical Systems." In Metal Ions in Biochemistry, 187–208. 2nd edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021. | Originally published: Metal ions in biochemistry / P.K. Bhattacharya. 2005.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003108429-10.

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Bhattacharya, Pabitra Krishna, and Prakash B. Samnani. "Metal Ion Toxicity in Biochemical Systems." In Metal Ions in Biochemistry, 209–18. 2nd edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021. | Originally published: Metal ions in biochemistry / P.K. Bhattacharya. 2005.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003108429-11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Metal ions"

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GAJDA, Bernadeta. "EXTRACTION OF METAL IONS FROM SOLUTIONS AFTER LEACHING OF SPENT NiMH BATTERIES." In METAL 2019. TANGER Ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.37904/metal.2019.944.

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Yusubov, Fakhraddin, Miryusif Mirbabayev, Gulahmad Talibov, Ilham Aliyev, and Govhar Valiyeva. "The Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions." In 2nd International Scientific-Practical Conference "Machine Building and Energy: New Concepts and Technologies". Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-9xbojo.

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The aim of the study is to research of the adsorption properties of heavy metal ions Pb2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ from industrial wastewater. For the adsorption of heavy metal ions, natural clinoptilolite was used, which belongs to the Ai-Dag deposit of the Tovuz-Kazakh region of Azerbaijan. Isotherms and kinetic curves of adsorption of heavy metal ions Pb2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ were determined. The dependence of the adsorption of heavy metal ions on the pH value is also shown. It was revealed that the separation process proceeds more intensively at pH values ​​of 5-6. It has been established that the maximum adsorption capacity of the clinoptilolite adsorbent for adsorption of Pb2+, Cd 2+ and Ni2+ ions is 7.5, 6.7 and 5.9 mmol/g, respectively.
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Discenzo, Fred M., Steven A. Kania, Chung-Chin Liu, Laurie Dudik, Aleksandr Vasser, and Benjamin Ward. "Dissolved Wear Metal Monitoring in Lubricating Fluids." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44102.

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Lubricating fluids play a critical role in the operation of many machines in commerce, industry, and the military. Failure of a lubricant often results in accelerated metal wear and the release of wear debris in the lubricant. Early detection of abnormal metal wear is important for fault detection and failure prevention. An electrochemical cell can be operated in a lubricating fluid in such a way that the operating characteristics of the cell can provide an indication of the chemistry of the fluid. For example, certain ions in the fluid, such as wear metal ions, will react to particular potential values applied to electrodes in the electrochemical cell. By applying a changing potential across the electrodes in an electrochemical cell and observing the resulting current it is possible to detect and identify the ionic species present in the lubricating fluid. The objective is to provide real-time monitoring of lubricating fluids using an in situ sensor to detect and diagnose conditions leading to machinery failure. A series of experiments have been conducted to confirm the ability of an electrochemical cell to detect wear metal ions in lubricating fluids extracted from machinery. Additional tests have been conducted to test the hypothesis that the presence and amount of wear metal ions corresponds to the type and amount of wear particles in the fluid. Initial laboratory tests have established a positive correlation with wear particles detected in used lubricating oil with ion presence determined using ion chromatography. The results reported indicate that a small, real-time multielement sensor with an electrochemical cell will be able to detect wear metal ions and provide an early indication of unusual material wear. This capability may provide an early warning of atypical wear patterns and provide a cue to an operator or service engineer indicating the type of fault occurring and the specific component experiencing wear or early failure.
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Gaj, Jan A. "Magnetic ions in semiconductor quantum wells and superlattices." In Metal/Nonmetal Microsystems: Physics, Technology, and Applications, edited by Benedykt W. Licznerski and Andrzej Dziedzic. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.238151.

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Zhao, Chen, Guowei Zhong, Da-Eun Kim, Jinxia Liu, and Xinyu Liu. "A Portable Analytical System for Colorimetric Detection of Metal Ions in Water." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-38994.

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Heavy metal ions released into various water environments have severe impact on both human beings and aqueous environments, and excess amount of lead and aluminum ions pose high risks to human health and could cause life-threatened diseases. The existence of metal ions in drinking water contributes most to the daily intake by humans, and thus it urges to develop a rapid, low-cost and sensitive method for detection of heavy metal ions. In this research, we develop a portable analytical system for metal ion detection in water by combining a powerful gold nanoparticle (AuNP) based colorimetric method with lab-on-a-chip technology. We utilize single-step assays involving surface functionalized AuNPs for colorimetric detection of lead (Pb2+) and aluminum (Al3+) ions in water with low limit of detection (LOD) and high sensitivity. We demonstrate that this portable system provides LODs of 30 ppb for Pb2+ and 89 ppb for Al3+, both comparable to bench-top analytical spectrometers. The system permits metal ion detections in a more economical and convenient fashion, and is particularly useful for water quality monitoring in remote and/or resource-poor settings.
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Clark, P. E., M. Balakrishnan, and L. Sundram. "Crosslinking of Hydroxypropyl Guar With Metal Ions." In SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/25208-ms.

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Smith, Sheila, Martin Lopez, Olaf J. Rolinski, David J. S. Birch, and Mike Darbyshire. "Fluorescence energy transfer sensor for metal ions." In Photonics West '95, edited by Joseph R. Lakowicz. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.208475.

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Pavlov, Victor. "Solid state point emitters of metal ions." In 2014 20th International Workshop on Beam Dynamics and Optimization (BDO). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bdo.2014.6890061.

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CLOUSE, SARAH, MD ABU SHOHAG, and MD HUMAYUN KABIR. "METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS-BASED SENSORS FOR DETECTION OF TOXIC ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS." In Structural Health Monitoring 2023. Destech Publications, Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/shm2023/36773.

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Continuous industrialization has led to the release of many heavy-metal pollutants from industrial wastes into the natural environment. In the recent decade, there is an increasing demand for accurate environmental pollution monitoring and control requires new sensing techniques with high sensitivity, selectivity, and reliability. Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) have received considerable attention for environmental contaminant detection including anions, heavy metal ions, volatile organic compounds, and toxic gases because of their high surface area, porosity, large pore volumes, tunable structures, and open metal sites. A Fe3+ ion-selective electrochemical sensor was fabricated by depositing the synthesized Cu(TBC)-MOF on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and the electrochemical method was investigated in detail in an aqueous medium. The proposed Fe3+ ion sensor exhibited a linear relationship for current vs. Fe3+ ion concentration in the concentration range of 0.001 M to 100 M. The limit of detection value was found to be 0.52 μM in aqueous media which is lower than the acceptable value of iron in drinking water (0.3 mg/L). The presence of other ions such as Na+, K+, Mg2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Cl-, NO -, and SO 2- 3 4 did not interfere with the detection of Fe3+ ions.
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Won, Hui Jun, Byambatseren Baigalmaa, Jei Kwon Moon, Chong Hun Jung, and Kune Woo Lee. "Decontamination of Metal Surfaces Artificially Contaminated With Cs+ Ions by a Laser Ablation." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75535.

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A Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with a 1064 nm and 450 mJ/pulse was employed to study the decontamination characteristics of Type 304 stainless steel specimens artificially contaminated with Cs+ ions. The specimens were treated with KCl and KNO3, respectively. The optimum number of laser shots for the system was determined at a given fluence of 57.3 J/cm2. The relative atomic molar ratio of a metal surface was determined by EPMA. For all the test specimens, more than 95% of the Cs+ ions were removed by the application of 42 laser shots. Cs+ ion removal efficiency could be improved by the addition of nitrate ions to the contaminated metal surface. A specimen treated with a KCl solution was more difficult to decontaminate in the experimental range. Before and after the laser irradiation, the morphology of the metal surfaces was investigated by SEM and XPS. Dusts generated during the laser irradiation were found to accumulate around a crater of the specimen treated with the KCl solution. By analyzing the XPS spectra of the KCl system, it was found that the ablated Cs+ ions formed an oxide in air. The higher decontamination efficiency of the KNO3 system could be attributed to the decomposition of the nitrate ions at a relatively low temperature and the easy reaction of the Cs+ ions with the oxygen generated from the decomposition of nitrate ions.
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Reports on the topic "Metal ions"

1

Morrison, Clyde A. Host Materials for Transition-Metal Ions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada213605.

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2

Bayley, Hagan, and Sean Conlan. Genetically Engineered Pores Sensing Metal Ions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada383413.

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3

Yermiyahu, Uri, Thomas Kinraide, and Uri Mingelgrin. Role of Binding to the Root Surface and Electrostatic Attraction in the Uptake of Heavy Metal by Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7586482.bard.

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The principal accomplishment of the research supported by BARD was progress toward a comprehensive view of cell-surface electrical effects (both in cell walls [CWs] and at plasma membrane [PM] surfaces) upon ion uptake, intoxication, and amelioration. The research confirmed that electrostatic models (e.g., Gouy-Chapman-Stern [G-C-S]), with parameter values contributed by us, successfully predict ion behavior at cell surfaces. Specific research objectives 1. To characterize the sorption of selected heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) to the root PM in the presence of other cations and organic ligands (citric and humic acids). 2. To compute the parameters of a G-C-S model for heavy-metal sorption to the root PM. 3. To characterize the accumulation of selected heavy metals in various plant parts. 4. To determine whether model-computed ion binding or ion activities at root PM surfaces predict heavy-metal accumulation in whole roots, root tips, or plant shoots. 5. To determine whether measured ion binding by protoplast-free roots (i.e., root CWs) predicts heavy-metal accumulation in whole roots, root tips, or plant shoots. 6. To correlate growth inhibition, and other toxic responses, with the measured and computed factors mentioned above. 7. To determine whether genotypic differences in heavy-metal accumulation and toxic responses correlate with genotypic differences in parameters of the G-C-S model. Of the original objectives, all except for objective 7 were met. Work performed to meet the other objectives, and necessitated on the basis of experimental findings, took the time that would have been required to meet objective 7. In addition, work with Pb was unsuccessful due to experimental complications and work on Cd is still in progress. On the other hand, the uptake and toxicity of the anion, selenate was characterized with respect to electrostatic effects and the influences of metal cations. In addition, the project included more theoretical work, supported by experimentation, than was originally planned. This included transmembrane ion fluxes considered in terms of PM-surface electrical potentials and the influence of CWs upon ion concentrations at PM surfaces. A important feature of the biogeochemistry of trace elements in the rhizosphere is the interaction between plant-root surfaces and the ions present in the soil solution. The ions, especially the cations, of the soil solution may be accumulated in the aqueous phases of cell surfaces external to the PMs, sometimes referred to as the "water free space" and the "Donnan free space". In addition, ions may bind to the CW components or to the PM surface with variable binding strength. Accumulation at the cell surface often leads to accumulation in other plant parts with implications for the safety and quality of foods. A G-C-S model for PMs and a Donnan-plus-binding model for CWs were used successfully to compute electrical potentials, ion binding, and ion concentration at root-cell surfaces. With these electrical potentials, corresponding values for ion activities may be computed that are at least proportional to actual values also. The computed cell-surface ion activities predict and explain ion uptake, intoxication, and amelioration of intoxication much more accurately than ion activities in the bulk-phase rooting medium.
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Bayley, Hagan. Genetically Engineered Pores for Sensing Metal Ions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada400504.

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5

Donald, Beck, R. Properties of Transition Metal Atoms and Ions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/925553.

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FLORENCE UNIV (ITALY). Metal Ions In Biological Systems. EUROBIC II. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada338576.

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Lentz, Nicholas B. Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry: From Cluster Ions to Toxic metal Ions in Biology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/933113.

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Veige, Adam. Linking Metal Ions via Inorganic Click (iClick) Reactions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1226015.

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Glasgow, D. G., and E. B. Kennel. Separation of Metal Ions from Liquid Waste Streams. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/876749.

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Cooper, Barbara H. Fundamentals of Metal Film Deposition With Hyperthermal Ions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada387858.

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