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Journal articles on the topic 'Metal Oxide Semiconductor Tin Oxide (SnO2)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 September 2023

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1

Minami, Tadatsugu. "New n-Type Transparent Conducting Oxides." MRS Bulletin 25, no. 8 (2000): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2000.149.

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Most research to develop highly transparent and conductive thin films has focused on n-type semiconductors consisting of metal oxides. Historically, transparent conducting oxide (TCO) thin films composed of binary compounds such as SnO2 and In2O3 were developed by means of chemical- and physical-deposition methods. Impurity-doped SnO2 (Sb- or F-doped SnO2, e.g., SnO2:Sb or SnO2: F) and In2O3: Sn (indium tin oxide, ITO) films are in practical use. In addition to binary compounds, ternary compounds such as Cd2SnO4, CdSnO3, and CdIn2O4 were developed prior to 1980, but their TCO films have not ye

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Pandit, Nayeem Ahmad, and Tokeer Ahmad. "Tin Oxide Based Hybrid Nanostructures for Efficient Gas Sensing." Molecules 27, no. 20 (2022): 7038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27207038.

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Tin oxide as a semiconductor metal oxide has revealed great potential in the field of gas sensing due to its porous structure and reduced size. Especially for tin oxide and its composites, inherent properties such as high surface areas and their unique semiconducting properties with tunable band gaps make them compelling for sensing applications. In combination with the general benefits of metal oxide nanomaterials, the incorporation of metal oxides into metal oxide nanoparticles is a new approach that has dramatically improved the sensing performance of these materials due to the synergistic

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3

Chen, Zheng, Manuel Löber, Anna Rokicińska, et al. "Increased photocurrent of CuWO4 photoanodes by modification with the oxide carbodiimide Sn2O(NCN)." Dalton Transactions 49, no. 11 (2020): 3450–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9dt04752b.

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4

Pakiyaraj, K., and V. Kirthika. "Annealing Effect on Nanocrystalline SnO2 Thin Films Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis Technique." Journal of Nanoscience and Technology 7, no. 3 (2021): 949–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.30799/jnst.330.21070301.

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In recent years, a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) SnO2 semiconductor have gained considerable attention due to their potential application in gas sensors. More number of studies on TCO oxide have focused on the semiconducting metal oxides in which an intensive argument is that the transparent semiconductors. The SnO2 thin films were deposited at 400 °C and then annealed at 500 °C and 600 °C and its structural, optical and electrical properties were characterized. The doping stoichiometric ratio was maintained as 4% and the resulting solution was sprayed on glass substrate which was kept at

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5

Medina, G., P. A. Stampe, R. J. Kennedy, et al. "Characterization of Tin Oxide Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy." MRS Proceedings 1633 (2014): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2014.305.

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ABSTRACTWe describe the characteristics of a series of thin film tin oxide films grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy on r-plane sapphire substrates over a range of flux and substrate temperature conditions. A mixture of both SnO2 and SnO are detected in several films, with the amount depending on growth conditions, most particularly the substrate temperature. Electrical measurements were not possible on all samples due to roughness related issues with contacting, but at least one film exhibited p-type characteristics depending on measurement conditions, and one sample exhibited sig

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Malinovskaya, Tatyana D., Victor I. Sachkov, Valentina V. Zhek, and Roman A. Nefedov. "Method for Determining the Doping Efficiency of Dispersed Semiconductor Metal Oxide Materials." Key Engineering Materials 683 (February 2016): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.683.389.

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In this paper, a method for determining the doping efficiency of dispersed semiconductor metal oxide materials is proposed proposing to use the dependences of the free charge carrier concentration, normalized to the concentration of the doping impurity (Ne spec.), on the content of this impurity. The possibilities of this method are demonstrated by the example of studying the effect of technological factors on the efficiency of doping of indium oxide with tin and doping of tin oxide with antimony. It is shown that it is impossible to achieve the concentration of free charge carriers in the ITO

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7

Deorsola, Fabio A., P. Mossino, Ignazio Amato, et al. "Gas Sensing Properties of TiO₂ and SnO₂ Nanopowders Obtained through Gel Combustion." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 1828–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.1828.

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Nanostructured semiconductor metal oxides have played a central role in the gas sensing research field, because of their high sensitivity, selectivity and low response time. Among all the processes, developed for the synthesis of nanostructured metal oxides, gel combustion seems to be the most promising route due to low-cost precursors and simplicity of the process. It combines chemical gelation and combustion, involving the formation of a gel from an acqueous solution and an exothermic redox reaction, yielding to very porous and softly agglomerated nanopowders. In this work, nanostructured ti

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8

Avis, Christophe, YounGoo Kim, and Jin Jang. "Amorphous Tin Oxide Applied to Solution Processed Thin-Film Transistors." Materials 12, no. 20 (2019): 3341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12203341.

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The limited choice of materials for large area electronics limits the expansion of applications. Polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) and indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) lead to thin-film transistors (TFTs) with high field-effect mobilities (>10 cm2/Vs) and high current ON/OFF ratios (IOn/IOff > ~107). But they both require vacuum processing that needs high investments and maintenance costs. Also, IGZO is prone to the scarcity and price of Ga and In. Other oxide semiconductors require the use of at least two cations (commonly chosen among Ga, Sn, Zn, and In) in order to obtain the amorphou

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Vafaei, Saeid, Vamsi Krishna Boddu, Stephen Jala, et al. "Preparation of Nanostructured Sn/Ti Oxide Hybrid Films with Terpineol/PEG-Based Nanofluids: Perovskite Solar Cell Applications." Materials 16, no. 8 (2023): 3136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16083136.

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Tin oxide (SnO2) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) are recognized as attractive energy materials applicable for lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Sintering is one of the effective strategies for improving the carrier transport of semiconductor nanomaterials. Using the alternative metal-oxide-based ETL, nanoparticles are often used in a way that they are dispersed in a precursor liquid prior to their thin-film deposition. Currently, the creation of PSCs using nanostructured Sn/Ti oxide thin-film ETL is one of the topical issues for the development of high-efficiency PSCs. Here, we demonstrat

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Grigorenko, M., T. Sydorenko, E. Chernigovtsev, O. Durov, V. Poluyanska, and T. Konovalenko. "Vacuum wetting and contact interaction of some of the metallic melts with indium and tin oxides." Uspihi materialoznavstva 2021, no. 3 (2021): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/materials2021.03.109.

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Due to the unique combination of electric and optical properties such semiconductor oxides as tin and indium oxides are very perspective multifunctional materials for variety of microelectronic devices production. Experimental studies of these materials allow to define, for example energetic characteristics of the devices created and also to improve existing technologies of films formation, joining of electrocontacts to tin and indium oxides based materials by way of brazing which require additional wetting studies. It should be noted that data on wetting of mentioned oxides by metals are prac

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11

He, Ziyan, Xu Zhang, Xiaoqin Wei, et al. "Solution-Processed Silicon Doped Tin Oxide Thin Films and Thin-Film Transistors Based on Tetraethyl Orthosilicate." Membranes 12, no. 6 (2022): 590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12060590.

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Recently, tin oxide (SnO2) has been the preferred thin film material for semiconductor devices such as thin-film transistors (TFTs) due to its low cost, non-toxicity, and superior electrical performance. However, the high oxygen vacancy (VO) concentration leads to poor performance of SnO2 thin films and devices. In this paper, with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as the Si source, which can decompose to release heat and supply energy when annealing, Si doped SnO2 (STO) films and inverted staggered STO TFTs were successfully fabricated by a solution method. An XPS analysis showed that Si doping

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Park, Myeongjin, Jeongkyun Roh, Jaehoon Lim, Hyunkoo Lee, and Donggu Lee. "Double Metal Oxide Electron Transport Layers for Colloidal Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes." Nanomaterials 10, no. 4 (2020): 726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10040726.

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The performance of colloidal quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QD-LEDs) have been rapidly improved since metal oxide semiconductors were adopted for an electron transport layer (ETL). Among metal oxide semiconductors, zinc oxide (ZnO) has been the most generally employed for the ETL because of its excellent electron transport and injection properties. However, the ZnO ETL often yields charge imbalance in QD-LEDs, which results in undesirable device performance. Here, to address this issue, we introduce double metal oxide ETLs comprising ZnO and tin dioxide (SnO2) bilayer stacks. The employmen

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Prayogi, Soni, and Marza Ikhsan Marzuki. "The Effect of Addition of SnO2 Doping on The Electronic Structure of TiO2 Thin Film as Photo-Anode in DSSC Applications." Journal of Emerging Supply Chain, Clean Energy, and Process Engineering 1, no. 1 (2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.57102/jescee.v1i1.3.

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Photoanode is a component of the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSCc) which is synthesized from metal oxide semiconductor material with nanoparticle size deposited on transparent conductive glass. TiO2 powder was synthesized by mixing 20 mL of Titanium (III) chloride (TiCl3) with 100 mL of the equator and stirred for 1 hour. TiO2-SnO2 thin films have been successfully synthesized using the coprecipitation method and coated on ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) substrate by doctor-blade technique. The structure and morphology of the films were investigated by XRD and SEM respectively. The analysis of optical

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14

Thankaian, Regin Das, Meena Muthukrishnan, Senthil Muthu Kumar Thiagamani, Suchart Siengchin, and Sanjay Manvikere Rangappa. "Impact of metal doping and codoping on the electrical and optical behavior of tin oxide nano particles." Nanomaterials and Energy 11, no. 3-4 (2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jnaen.23.00010.

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Metal oxide semiconductors (MOS) with distinctive optical and electrical properties are required by the modern electronics industry. In this research it was found that doping of transition and rare-earth metals is suitable for tuning the optical bandgap and dielectric parameters of SnO2 Nanoparticles to meet the requirement for high conductive semiconductors Via one-step hydrothermal synthesis Doping of Sm causes SnO2NP to have a narrower bandgap (2.54 eV) than pure SnO2NPs (3.36 eV), and increased conductivity at higher frequencies and temperature, which is crucial for the potential applicati

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Kumar, Rahul, Mamta, Raman Kumari, and Vidya Nand Singh. "SnO2-Based NO2 Gas Sensor with Outstanding Sensing Performance at Room Temperature." Micromachines 14, no. 4 (2023): 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14040728.

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The controlled and efficient formation of oxygen vacancies on the surface of metal oxide semiconductors is required for their use in gas sensors. This work addresses the gas-sensing behaviour of tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles for nitrogen oxide (NO2), NH3, CO, and H2S detection at various temperatures. Synthesis of SnO2 powder and deposition of SnO2 film is conducted using sol-gel and spin-coating methods, respectively, as these methods are cost-effective and easy to handle. The structural, morphological, and optoelectrical properties of nanocrystalline SnO2 films were studied using XRD, SEM,

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Rossignol, Jerome, and Didier Stuerga. "Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Obtained by Microwave Synthesis and Application in Gas Sensing by Microwave Transduction." Key Engineering Materials 605 (April 2014): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.605.299.

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In literature, many papers describe the applications of semiconductor as sensitive material in sensor field. The gas sensor using tin oxide requires a strictly controlled high operating temperature in order to detect both reducing and oxidizing gases. The semiconductor nanoparticles, with their high specific surface area, increase the gas sensing performance. The originality of this work is to valorize the nanoparticle of metal oxide like SnO2, TiO2 obtained by microwave thermohydrolysis synthesis, using a gas sensing microwave transduction. The present synthesis is to prepare metal oxide nano

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17

Liu, Yuchang, Hongjie Liu, Anjie Hu, et al. "An efficient low-temperature triethylamine gas sensor based on 2D ultrathin SnO₂ nanofilms." Semiconductor Science and Technology 36, no. 12 (2021): 125022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6641/ac2ddf.

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Abstract The quest to develop inexpensive chemical sensing materials that are energy-efficient, portable, and with efficient performance lies at the center of next-generation sensor development. Owing to their low cost, easy preparation, high response, and smooth integration with electronic circuits, metal oxide semiconductors have received particular attention. Yet, metal oxide semiconductor based sensors often suffer from high power consumption due to their high operating temperature, which hinders them from practical applications. To solve this problem, herein, we proposed ultrathin sub-4 n

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18

Varela, J. A., L. A. Perazolli, E. Longo, E. R. Leite, and J. A. Cerri. "Effect of atmosphere and dopants on sintering of SnO2." Science of Sintering 34, no. 1 (2002): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos0201023v.

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Tin oxide is an n type semiconductor material with a high covalent behavior. Mass transport in this oxide depends on the surface state promoted by atmosphere or by the solid solution of aliovalent oxide doping. The sintering and grain growth of this type of oxide powder is then controlled by atmosphere and by extrinsic oxygen vacancy formation. For pure SnO2 powder the surface state depends only on the interaction of atmosphere molecules with the SnO2 surface. Inert atmosphere like argon or helium promotes oxygen vacancy formation at the surface due to reduction of SnO2 to SnO at the surface a

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do Nascimento, Jéssica Luisa Alves, Lais Chantelle, Iêda Maria Garcia dos Santos, André Luiz Menezes de Oliveira, and Mary Cristina Ferreira Alves. "The Influence of Synthesis Methods and Experimental Conditions on the Photocatalytic Properties of SnO2: A Review." Catalysts 12, no. 4 (2022): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12040428.

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Semiconductors based on transition metal oxides represent an important class of materials used in emerging technologies. For this, the performance of these materials strongly depends on the size and morphology of particles, surface charge characteristics, and the presence of bulk and surface defects that are influenced by the synthesis method and the experimental conditions the materials are prepared. In this context, the present review aims to report the importance of choosing the synthesis methods and experimental conditions to modify structural, morphological, and electronic characteristics

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Shaposhnik, Alexey V., Dmitry A. Shaposhnik, Sergey Yu Turishchev, et al. "Gas sensing properties of individual SnO2 nanowires and SnO2 sol–gel nanocomposites." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 10 (July 8, 2019): 1380–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.10.136.

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This work is an investigation of the properties of semiconductor materials based on metal oxides, their catalytic properties, and their application as gas sensors, which were shown to exhibit high sensitivity, stability, and selectivity to target gases. The aim of this work is the comparison of gas sensing properties of tin dioxide in the form of individual nanowires and nanopowders obtained by sol–gel synthesis. This comparison is necessary because the traditional synthesis procedures of small particle, metal oxide materials seem to be approaching their limit. Because of this, there is increa

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Abdul-Hamead, Alaa A. "A study of the Zn:Sn mixing ratio effect on the gas detector properties." Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 13, no. 27 (2019): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v13i27.263.

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Semiconductor-based metal oxide gas detector of five mixed from zinc chloride Z and tin chloride S salts Z:S ratio 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% were fabricated on glass substrate by a spray pyrolysis technique. With thickness were about 0.2 ±0.05 μm using water soluble as precursors at a glass substrate temperature 500 ºC±5, 0.05 M, and their gas sensing properties toward CH4, LPG and H2S gas at different concentration (10, 100, 1000 ppm) in air were investigated at room temperature which related with the petroleum refining industry.Furthermore structural and morphology properties were scrutinize. R

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Panthoko, Norbert Egan Christo, Fairuz Septiningrum, Akhmad Herman Yuwono, et al. "Synthesis of Tin Oxide Nanocrystallites with Various Calcination Temperatures using Co-Precipitation Method with Local Tin Chloride Precursor." Metalurgi 38, no. 1 (2023): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.55981/metalurgi.2023.687.

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Indonesia is one of the largest tin metal producers in the world, and one of its derivative products is tin chloride (SnCl4). This material has been used as a raw ingredient for the production of organotin compounds such as methyltin mercaptide for PVC (polyvinyl chloride) plastic industry as a heat stabilizer. On the other hand, this precursor can be used to synthesize SnO2 nanomaterials, which have other strategic potentials, including photocatalysts and solar cell applications. In this study, the synthesis of SnO2 nanocrystallites was carried out using a local tin chloride precursor via the

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Vojisavljević, Katarina, Slavica M. Savić, Milica Počuča-Nešić, et al. "KIT-5-Assisted Synthesis of Mesoporous SnO2 for High-Performance Humidity Sensors with a Swift Response/Recovery Speed." Molecules 28, no. 4 (2023): 1754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28041754.

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Developing highly efficient semiconductor metal oxide (SMOX) sensors capable of accurate and fast responses to environmental humidity is still a challenging task. In addition to a not so pronounced sensitivity to relative humidity change, most of the SMOXs cannot meet the criteria of real-time humidity sensing due to their long response/recovery time. The way to tackle this problem is to control adsorption/desorption processes, i.e., water-vapor molecular dynamics, over the sensor’s active layer through the powder and pore morphology design. With this in mind, a KIT-5-mediated synthesis was us

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Gnisci, Andrea, Antonio Fotia, Lucio Bonaccorsi, and Andrea Donato. "Effect of Working Atmospheres on the Detection of Diacetyl by Resistive SnO2 Sensor." Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (2021): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12010367.

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Nanostructured metal oxide semiconductors (MOS) are considered proper candidates to develop low cost and real-time resistive sensors able to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs), e.g., diacetyl. Small quantities of diacetyl are generally produced during the fermentation and storage of many foods and beverages, conferring a typically butter-like aroma. Since high diacetyl concentrations are undesired, its monitoring is fundamental to identify and characterize the quality of products. In this work, a tin oxide sensor (SnO2) is used to detect gaseous diacetyl. The effect of different working

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Ullah, Ata, Lutfur Rahman, Syed Zajif Hussain, et al. "Tin Oxide Supported on Nanostructured MnO2 as Efficient Catalyst for Nitrophenol Reduction: Kinetic Analysis and Their Application as Heterogeneous Catalyst." Materials Innovations 02, no. 03 (2022): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54738/mi.2022.2303.

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Recently, metal oxides-based have been widely used for catalytic reduction of nitro-aromatic compounds, which are notorious for their carcinogenic nature. The current study reports Sn-doped MnO2 as an efficient catalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP). The FE-SEM characterization of SnO2-doped MnO2 revealed the diffused flower-like morphology. Further, the XPS survey scans were performed to investigate the binding energies, oxidation states, and elemental compositions of both MnO2 and Sn-doped MnO2. Kinetics analysis revealed that the catalytic reduction (>

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Gómez-Suárez, Jaime, Patricia Arroyo, María Cerrato-Álvarez, et al. "Development and Field Validation of Low-Cost Metal Oxide Nanosensors for Tropospheric Ozone Monitoring in Rural Areas." Chemosensors 10, no. 11 (2022): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10110478.

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This work describes the technical features and the performance of two different types of metal-oxide semiconductor sensors, based on ZnO:Ga thin films and SnO2-G nanofibrous layers, for tropospheric ozone monitoring in ambient air. These nanostructures were tested and compared with commercial metal-oxide semiconductor sensors under controlled laboratory conditions and in a field campaign during summer 2021 in Monfragüe National Park (western Spain). The paper also details the design of the electronic device developed for this purpose. A machine learning algorithm based on Support Vector Regres

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OTERO, LUIS, HIROYUKI OSORA, WEIJIN LI, and MARYE ANNE FOX. "Photosensitization of Thin SnO2 Nanocrystalline Semiconductor Film Electrodes with Metalloporphyrins and Alkyl-substituted Metalloporphyrins." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 02, no. 02 (1998): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1409(199803/04)2:2<123::aid-jpp56>3.0.co;2-u.

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Modest fill factors (~0.2) and efficiencies for sensitized photocurrent generation are observed with porphyrins adsorbed to saturation on a nanocrystalline SnO 2 thin film employed as the working electrode in a photoelectrochemical cell. No dye aggregation is observed at the metal oxide/adsorbate interface, and no advantage in the photosensitization efficiency is seen with two porphyrins that exhibit a stable liquid crystalline phase over another porphyrin that does not.

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Vasiliev, Alexey, Andrey Varfolomeev, Ivan Volkov, et al. "Reducing Humidity Response of Gas Sensors for Medical Applications: Use of Spark Discharge Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles." Sensors 18, no. 8 (2018): 2600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18082600.

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The application of gas sensors in breath analysis is an important trend in the early diagnostics of different diseases including lung cancer, ulcers, and enteric infection. However, traditional methods of synthesis of metal oxide gas-sensing materials for semiconductor sensors based on wet sol-gel processes give relatively high sensitivity of the gas sensor to changing humidity. The sol-gel process leading to the formation of superficial hydroxyl groups on oxide particles is responsible for the strong response of the sensing material to this factor. In our work, we investigated the possibility

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Qiu, Mei Yan. "Investigation on the Gas Sensing Properties of ZnO Thin Films." Applied Mechanics and Materials 685 (October 2014): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.685.144.

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ZnO is an important sensitive semiconductor gas material, it belongs to surface-controlled gas sensors, which has been developed as early as in the 60s. Compare to another two series of metal oxide gas sensing materials SnO2 and Fe2O3, ZnO is more stable. But its sensitivity is lower and its working temperature is higher, moreover, its selectivity isn’t good[1]. Therefore, the improvement of ZnO gas sensitive materials mainly focuses on raising sensitivity, improving selectivity, lowering temperature and other aspects of the work.ZnO films have a certain potential market and good industrical p

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Mehrabi, Pouria, Justin Hui, Sajjad Janfaza, et al. "Fabrication of SnO2 Composite Nanofiber-Based Gas Sensor Using the Electrospinning Method for Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Detection." Micromachines 11, no. 2 (2020): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11020190.

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This paper presents the development of a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensor for the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which are of great importance in many applications involving either control of hazardous chemicals or noninvasive diagnosis. In this study, the sensor is fabricated based on tin dioxide (SnO2) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) using electrospinning. The sensitivity of the proposed sensor is further improved by calcination and gold doping. The gold doping of composite nanofibers is achieved using sputtering, and the calcination is performed using a high-temperature

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Krik, Soufiane, Andrea Gaiardo, Matteo Valt, et al. "First-Principles Study of Electronic Conductivity, Structural and Electronic Properties of Oxygen-Vacancy-Defected SnO2." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 4 (2021): 2633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.19116.

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The use of computer simulations has become almost essential for prediction and interpretation of device's performance. In gas sensing field, the simulation of specific conditions, which determine the physical-chemical properties of widely used metal oxide semiconductors, can be used to investigate the performance of gas sensors based on these kinds of materials. The aim of this work was to evaluate the physical-chemical properties of tin dioxide employed for environmental and health gas sensing application and to investigate the influence of oxygen vacancies on its properties by means of densi

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Furst, Leonardo, Manuel Feliciano, Laercio Frare, and Getúlio Igrejas. "A Portable Device for Methane Measurement Using a Low-Cost Semiconductor Sensor: Development, Calibration and Environmental Applications." Sensors 21, no. 22 (2021): 7456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21227456.

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Methane is a major greenhouse gas and a precursor of tropospheric ozone, and most of its sources are linked to anthropogenic activities. The sources of methane are well known and its monitoring generally involves the use of expensive gas analyzers with high operating costs. Many studies have investigated the use of low-cost gas sensors as an alternative for measuring methane concentrations; however, it is still an area that needs further development to ensure reliable measurements. In this work a low-cost platform for measuring methane within a low concentration range was developed and used in

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Anand, T. Joseph Sahaya, and Mohd Zaidan. "Electro Synthesised NiTe₂ Thin Films with the Influence of Additives." Advanced Materials Research 925 (April 2014): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.925.159.

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Solar cell is one of the promising alternative green energy sources that can provide free electricity when sunlight is converted. The absorbent materials and their synthesis methods are subject of interest mainly due to solar panel installation cost despite of free electricity generated. The well-known silicon solar cells made, either amorphous or polycrystalline are good in conversion efficiency up to 17%, but their high cost make the researchers to look for alternate materials. Semiconducting materials in thin film form such as InP, SnO2 and ZnO are being studied as the alternative materials

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Ovodok, E., V. Kormosh, V. Bilanych, and M. Ivanovskaya. "Semiconductor Metal Oxides Doped with Gold Nanoparticles for Use in Acetone Gas Sensors." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2315, no. 1 (2022): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2315/1/012018.

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Abstract The effect of nanosized gold particles on the adsorption-sensitive properties of SnO2–Au sensors under the detection of acetone vapors has been studied. Different techniques for the preparation of SnO2–Au nanocomposites with an average Au particle size of 2 nm were applied. It has been found that a fivefold increase in the sensor response to acetone vapors and threshold sensitivity (C lim) of 0.1 ppm are achieved by adding gold to tin dioxide in the colloidal form during synthesis. While adding gold in ion form (Au (III)) leads to a growth of the sensor response to acetone vapors by 2

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Patil, G. E., D. D. Kajale, V. B. Gaikwad, and G. H. Jain. "Spray Pyrolysis Deposition of Nanostructured Tin Oxide Thin Films." ISRN Nanotechnology 2012 (July 31, 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/275872.

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Nanostructured SnO2 thin films were grown by the chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) method. Homemade spray pyrolysis technique is employed to prepare thin films. SnO2 is wide bandgap semiconductor material whose film is deposited on glass substrate using aqueous solution of SnCl4·5H2O as a precursor. XRD (X-ray diffraction), UV (ultraviolet visible spectroscopy), FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy), and EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy) analysis are done for structural, optical, surface morphological, and compositional analysis. XRD analysis shows polycrystalline nature of sampl

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Akinsola, S. I., K. S. Adedayo, A. B. Alabi, D. B. Olanrewaju, A. A. Ajayi, and O. A. Babalola. "Spray Pyrolysed Nanostructured Gold-Doped Tin Oxide (Auto) Thin Films." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 25, no. 4 (2021): 567–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v25i4.12.

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Nanostructured SnO2 thin films were grown by the chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) method. Homemade spray pyrolysis technique is employed to prepare thin films. SnO2 is wide band gap semiconductor material whose film is deposited on glass substrate. A gold nanoparticle-doped tin oxide thin film (AuTO) was also prepared. UV-VIS (ultraviolet visible) spectroscopy and four-point probe analysis are done for optical and electrical analysis. UV-Visible absorption spectra show that the band gap of SnO2 thin film is 3.78 eV and 3.82 eV for AuTO. Band gap of SnO2 thin film can be tuned that it can be used

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Fedorenko, George, Ludmila Oleksenko, and Nelly Maksymovych. "Oxide Nanomaterials Based on SnO2 for Semiconductor Hydrogen Sensors." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2019 (August 5, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5190235.

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Nanosized tin dioxide with an average particle size of 5.3 nm was synthesized by a sol-gel method and characterized by IR spectroscopy, TEM, X-ray, and electron diffraction. The obtained SnO2 can be used as initial material for creation of gas-sensitive layers of adsorption semiconductor sensors. Addition of palladium into the initial nanomaterial allows to improve response to hydrogen of such sensors in comparison with sensors based on undoped SnO2 and provides fast response and recovery time, a wide measuring range of hydrogen content in air ambient, and good repeatability of the sensor sign

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Yas, Dunia. "Gas Sensing of (SnO2)1-x(ZnO)x Composite Associating with Electrical Properties." Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 17, no. 43 (2019): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v17i43.480.

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Abstract Semiconductor-based gas sensors were prepared, that use n-type tin oxide (SnO2) and tin oxide: zinc oxide composite (SnO2)1-x(ZnO)x at different x ratios using pulse laser deposition at room temperature. The prepared thin films were examined to reach the optimum conditions for gas sensing applications, namely X-ray diffraction, Hall effect measurements, and direct current conductivity. It was found that the optimum crystallinity and maximum electron density, corresponding to the minimum charge carrier mobility, appeared at 10% ZnO ratio. This ratio appeared has the optimum NO2 g

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Ullah, Sana, Rita Branquinho, Tiago Mateus, et al. "Solution Combustion Synthesis of Transparent Conducting Thin Films for Sustainable Photovoltaic Applications." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (2020): 10423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410423.

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Sunlight is arguably the most promising continuous and cheap alternative sustainable energy source available at almost all living places of the human world. Photovoltaics (PV) is a process of direct conversion of sunlight into electricity and has become a technology of choice for sustainable production of cleaner and safer energy. The solar cell is the main component of any PV technology and transparent conducting oxides (TCO) comprising wide band gap semiconductors are an essential component of every PV technology. In this research, transparent conducting thin films were prepared by solution

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Matsushiro, Dai, Takeshi Hashishin, and Jun Tamaki. "Hydrothermal Synthesis of Noble Metal Loaded Tin Oxide Sol Solution for Gas Sensor Application." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 1177–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.1177.

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Noble metal (Au, Pd, Pt) loaded SnO2 sol solutions have been synthesized under hydrothermal condition. The mixed solution of noble metal chloride (HAuCl4, H2PtCl6, or PdCl2) and SnCl4 was neutralized with NH4HCO3 solution. The precipitate gel obtained was thoroughly washed and finally treated under hydrothermal condition (200 oC for 3 h at pH10.5) to obtain transparent sol solution. From SEM and TEM images of powder or thin film derived from sol, any noble metal particles could not be observed. However, the grain growth was suppressed when calcined at 900 oC for noble metal loaded SnO2. The pe

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Jin, Wen Jie, Sei Min Park, Ik Pyo Hong, Seong Young Lee, and Myung Soo Kim. "Performance of Tin Oxide/Graphite Composite Anode for Lithium Ion Battery." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 1051–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.1051.

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The graphite particles with average size of 15 μm were used as the anode base materials for lithium ion battery. Tin oxide was incorporated into graphite particles by a precipitation method. As SnO2 content increased from 0 to 80 wt%, the initial discharge capacities of SnO2/graphite composite electrodes raised from 357 to 688 mAh/g, approaching to their theoretical capacities. The composite electrodes exhibited plateau characteristics of SnO2 at 0.85 1 V range in the charge voltage-capacity curves of the first cycle. Increased reversible capacity of the composites suggested that lithium ion c

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Jagadeesh Babu, Veluru, Syed Sulthan Alaudeen Abdul Haroon Rashid, Subramanian Sundarrajan, and Seeram Ramakrishna. "Metal Oxide Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes for Effective Dye Degradation and Sustainable Photocatalysis." Sustainable Chemistry 4, no. 1 (2023): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/suschem4010003.

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The fabrication of metal oxide nanofibers using (titanium (IV) isopropoxide) and (tin (IV) tert-butoxide) of weight ratio 1:1 precursor in presence of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) as a binder using a well-known electrospinning technique is reported. The average diameter of TiO2, SnO2, and composite TiO2-SnO2 nanofibers were found to be in the range 75–110 nm. The nanofibers were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to understand the polymer evaporation temperature and further analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study the morphology of the nanofibers. The oxidation

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Varela, J. A., L. A. Perazolli, J. A. Cerri, E. R. Leite, and E. Longo. "Sintering of tin oxide and its applications in electronics and processing of high purity optical glasses." Cerâmica 47, no. 302 (2001): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0366-69132001000200010.

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Tin oxide is an n type semiconductor material with a high covalent behavior. Mass transport in this oxide depends on the surface state promoted by atmosphere or by the solid solution of aliovalent oxide doping. The sintering and grain grow of this type of oxide powder is then controlled by atmosphere and by extrinsic oxygen vacancy formation. For pure SnO2 powder the surface state depends only in the interaction of atmosphere molecules with the SnO2 surface. Inert atmosphere like argon promotes oxygen vacancy formation at the surface due to the reduction of SnO 2 to SnO at surface and liberati

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Chen, Yi-Hsueh, Po-Yu Chen, and I.-Wen Sun. "Choline Chloride-Carboxylic Acid Based Deep Eutectic Solvents as Advantageous Electrolytes for Direct Electrochemical Conversion of Tin Oxide to Tin." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 168, no. 11 (2021): 112509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac384e.

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Tin oxide (SnO2) pastes prepared by mixing SnO2 powder and various choline chloride (ChCl)-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were coated onto screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) and directly converted to tin (Sn) metal via potentiostatic electrolysis in the corresponding DESs. It is found that a successful conversion could be achieved in the carboxylic acid-containing DESs rather than in the acid-free DESs, which indicates that the organic acid is the key for the direct electrochemical conversion from a metal oxide to metal. This process may be expanded to the extraction of metals from us

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Gong, Ye Li, Jin Jin Wu, and Da Wen Zeng. "Research on Sensitization Effect of Ceria Nanoparticles on Tin Oxide Wire-in-Tube Nanofibers." Key Engineering Materials 735 (May 2017): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.735.175.

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To elaborate the effect of CeO2 nanoparticles on the sensing properties of SnO2, CeO2-functionalized SnO2 wire-in-tube nanofibers (WITN) was prepared by electrospinning and subsequently impregnating treatment. The gas sensing studies revealed that the CeO2 loaded SnO2 WITN exhibited enhanced sensitivity to ethanol compared to the pristine SnO2. With increasing amount of CeO2, the response of nanocomposites increases firstly and then decreases. And the response of nanocomposites to ethanol reach maximum when the concentration of impregnated Ce (NO3)3·6H2O is 0.03 mol·L-1. To detail the sensing

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Filippatos, Petros-Panagis, Anastasia Soultati, Nikolaos Kelaidis, et al. "Temperature and Ambient Band Structure Changes in SnO2 for the Optimization of Hydrogen Response." Inorganics 11, no. 3 (2023): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11030096.

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Tin dioxide (SnO2) is one of the most used materials for sensing applications operating at high temperatures. Commonly, “undoped SnO2” is made by precursors containing elements that can have a deleterious impact on the operation of SnO2 sensors. Here, we employ experimental and theoretical methods to investigate the structural properties and electronic structure of the rutile bulk and surface SnO2, focusing on unintentional doping due to precursors. Unintentional doping from precursors as well as intrinsic doping can play an important role not only on the performance of gas sensors, but also o

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Yoon, Chang-Min, Suk Jekal, Dong-Hyun Kim, et al. "3D Hierarchically Structured Tin Oxide and Iron Oxide-Embedded Carbon Nanofiber with Outermost Polypyrrole Layer for High-Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitor." Nanomaterials 13, no. 10 (2023): 1614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13101614.

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Herein, unique three-dimensional (3D) hierarchically structured carbon nanofiber (CNF)/metal oxide/conducting polymer composite materials were successfully synthesized by combinations of various experimental methods. Firstly, base CNFs were synthesized by carbonization of electrospun PAN/PVP fibers to attain electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) characteristics. To further enhance the capacitance, tin oxide (SnO2) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) were coated onto the CNFs via facile hydrothermal treatment. Finally, polypyrrole (PPy) was introduced as the outermost layer by a dispersion polymerization m

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Sharma, R., V. Kumar, and Y. C. Goswami. "Excellent flexible Tin Oxide-metal sulfide nanocomposites grown by spin coating chemical route." Chalcogenide Letters 18, no. 8 (2021): 473–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/cl.2021.188.473.

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Tin oxide /Metal sulfide nanocomposites were synthesized using two step solution route. In the first step SnO2 gel were obtained followed by the next step of addition of precursor of cadmium and sulfide salts. Films were grown on cellulose flexible substrate using spin coating method. All the samples were analyzed using structural, morphological and optical characterizations. In X ray diffractograms, tetragonal rutile structure is observed with shift in peak towards lower angle due to tensile strain. SEM micrographs show that the ring like structure converted into flake like structures. AFM mi

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Becker, Martin, Angelika Polity, Davar Feili, and Bruno K. Meyer. "Deposition of tin oxides by Ion-Beam-Sputtering." MRS Proceedings 1494 (2012): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.1650.

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ABSTRACTSynthesis of both p-type and n-type oxide semiconductors is required to develop oxide-based electronic devices. Tin monoxide (SnO) recently has received increasing attention as an alternative p-type oxide semiconductor because it is a simple binary compound consisting of abundant elements. Another phase of the tin oxygen system, SnO2, is of great technological interest as transparent electrodes and as heat-reflecting filters. The preparation of tin oxide thin films has been performed by many different procedures. Radio-frequency (RF) ion-thrusters, as designed for propulsion applicatio

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Yang, Gow-Huei, Jun-Dar Hwang, Chih-Hsueh Lan, Chien-Mao Chan, Hone-Zem Chen, and Shoou-Jinn Chang. "Indium–Tin-Oxide Metal–Insulator–Semiconductor GaN Ultraviolet Photodetectors Using Liquid-Phase-Deposition Oxide." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 46, no. 8A (2007): 5119–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.46.5119.

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