Relevant bibliographies by topics / Metal oxide varistor

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Metal oxide varistor'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Metal oxide varistor"

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Mielcarek, Witold, Slavko Bernik, and Krystyna Prociów. "Relations between the Morphology of ZnO Powders and the Electrical Performance of ZnO Varistors." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 672–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.672.

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Because of their unusual properties – non-ohmic behavior and the ability to absorb a lot of energy – metal-oxide varistors are widely used for the protection of electrical and electronic devices against over-voltages. ZnO ceramics have varistor properties because of their metal-oxide additives and the microstructures developed during sintering. The value of the varistor voltage depends largely on the number of conducting ZnO grains between the electrodes; this can be set by controlling the thickness of the device or the size of the grains. The desired grain size can be achieved by altering the composition of the metal-oxide additives and the sintering conditions. In this work the grain growth was controlled by combining two ZnO powders of differing sinterability in the starting material. Also, the use of BaBiO2.77 as a precursor for Bi2O3 is an innovation in varistor technology that makes it possible to reduce the amount of added metal oxides. As a result, a variety of varistors with good varistor properties and a wide range of working parameters were produced.
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Frigura-Iliasa, Flaviu Mihai, Sorin Musuroi, Ciprian Sorandaru, and Doru Vatau. "New Technical Parameters and Operational Improvements of the Metal Oxide Varistors Manufacturing Process." Processes 7, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7010018.

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At the beginning, this article details the manufacturing procedures for varistor materials. Starting from the initial composition of two large series of varistors (those with two additive oxides and those with five additive oxides), there is a major overview of the main stages of the technological process and the equipment used for the production, emphasizing the technological changes that were made. The article continues with the study of the influence of the sintering pressure and the sintering temperature on the electrical properties of the varistor materials made before. There were two experimental series of 7 varistors, one series based on 2 additive oxides and one based on 5 additive oxides. Each varistor of these series was sintered at another temperature, the fundamental purpose being to determine an optimal sintering temperature for each chemical composition. A second activity consisted of manufacturing two more series of varistors with the same chemical composition (2 oxides and 5 additive oxides), which were sintered at two different pressures, for having a set of conclusions on the influence of sintering pressure on the electric performances. All conclusions are underlying a new process for manufacturing metal oxide based varistors.
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Tonkoshkur, A. S., I. V. Gomilko, and A. Yu Lyashkov. "Percolation effects in the capacitive properties of metal-oxide varistors in the range of high voltage." Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 04, no. 02 (April 2014): 1450013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010135x14500131.

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C–V characteristics of ZnO -based ceramic structures used in manufacturing high-voltage and low-voltage varistors of different chemical compositions and manufacturing techniques have been investigated. A correlation between the intensity of electric field corresponding to transition of the C–V characteristics to the negative capacitances and average sizes of grains of a varistor structure has been established. Obtained data have been interpreted with the use of notions of the percolation theory of electric conductivity. The Shklovskii–De Gennes model has been used. It has been shown that on the highly nonlinear segment of C–V characteristics of a varistor structure, the size of an infinite cluster are limited to several intercrystallite potential barriers. This result is observed in all kinds of investigated varistor ceramics.
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Sung, Gun Yong, Stuart McKernan, and C. Barry Carter. "Grain boundaries in zinc oxide-based varistor ceramics." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 47 (August 6, 1989): 598–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100154962.

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Since the development of the zinc oxide-based varistor with highly nonlinear current-voltage characteristics and high energy absorption capabilities [1], the electro-physical behavior of non-ohmic ZnO varistors has been studied and related to the microstructure of the material, the conduction and degradation mechanisms, the dielectric properties, and the high pressure memory. An extensive research effort has been aimed at characterizing ZnO/ZnO grain boundary regions in order to explain the origin of the nonlinear current/voltage characteristics of these materials [2-4]. A typical ZnO-varistor material contains small concentrations of several metal oxides (e.g., Bi2O3, CoO, MnO, Sb2O3, and Cr2O3). Co and Mn are contained within the ZnO grains, while the other “impurities are present as several polymorphic forms of Bi2O3, the spinel, Zn7Sb2O12, and the pyrochlore Zn2Bi3Sb3O14, are present as intergranular phases [1,5-7]. The breakdown voltage depends on the number of grain boundaries between the electrodes of the ZnO varistor device [8]. Therefore, the breakdown voltage is influenced by the presence and form of these intergranular phases, and the size, shape and distribution of the ZnO grains. In ZnO-Bi2O3-MnO-TiO2-based varistor materials, the morphology of the ZnO grains is strongly influenced by their tendency to grow preferentially along the directions perpendicular to the prism planes [9] (i.e., the basal plane becomes a common grain boundary facet plane). The aim of the present study is to advance the understanding of the role of the special grain boundaries which are found in air-quenched Zn0-Bi2O3-MnO-TiO2-based varistor materials.
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Frigura-Iliasa, Flaviu, Sorin Musuroi, Ciprian Sorandaru, and Doru Vatau. "Case Study about the Energy Absorption Capacity of Metal Oxide Varistors with Thermal Coupling." Energies 12, no. 3 (February 8, 2019): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030536.

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Metal oxide varistors are applied today inside modern surge arresters for overvoltage protection for all voltage levels. Their main issue is the thermal activation of their crossing current, which could lead to complete destruction by thermal runaway. This article presents a new technological solution developed in order to increase the thermal stability of metal oxide varistors. It consists in connecting in parallel two or more similar varistors (for dividing their current), having a thermal coupling between them (for equalizing their temperatures and forcing them to act together and simultaneously as much as possible). Starting from a finite element computer model performed for each situation (varistor standalone or parallel), up to real measurements, the thermal stability of the equipment was analyzed in permanent and impulse regime. Experiments were carried out in the same conditions. Experimental data obtain from two disk varistors corresponds very well to simulations, proving that parallel connection of varistors, combined with a thermal exchange between them is an efficient technical solution for thermal stability improvement, even if not apparently economically justified.
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Tsukamoto, Naoyuki, and Masaru Ishii. "Change of Varistor Voltage of Metal-oxide Varistor Influenced by Impulse Currents." IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy 135, no. 6 (2015): 400–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejpes.135.400.

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Tonkoshkur, Alexander Sergeevich, and Alexander Vladimirovich Ivanchenko. "The effect of negative capacitance in varistor structure on the basis of its models with voltage drop on the intergranular interlayer." Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures 11, no. 4 (November 9, 2015): 598–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mmms-04-2015-0021.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is modeling the effect of negative capacitance in the capacitance-voltage characteristic of the intergranular potential barrier of varistor structure. Design/methodology/approach – The modeling of the capacitance-voltage characteristic of the intergranular barrier in metal oxide varistor ceramics is based on the development of the algorithm. It includes all the known mechanisms of electrotransfer in a wide range of voltages and currents, and also takes into account the voltage drop on the intergranular interlayer of intergranular potential barrier. Findings – The models and algorithms for calculating the capacitance-voltage characteristics of a single intergranular potential barrier with the use of the most established understanding used at the interpretation of the nonlinear conductivity intergranular barrier are developed. The results of the capacitance-voltage characteristics modeling correspond to the existing understanding of the electrical properties on the ac current varistor ceramics are based on zinc oxide. The model allows to predict the behavior of varistors on the alternating current (voltage). Originality/value – It is established that the recharge of the surface localized states occurs when a voltage is applied to the varistor structure, it can lead to a relaxation decrease in the width of the potential barrier overcome by tunneling electrons in the field emission from the conduction band of the one crystallite in the conduction band of the other crystallite and thus to the current backlog of applied voltage on the phase (i.e. the expression of the negative capacitance effect).
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Chiou, Bi-Shiou, Tzuu-Chian Chen, and Jenq-Gong Duh. "A ZnO varistor derived from metal oxide diffusion." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 22, no. 6 (June 14, 1989): 844–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/22/6/023.

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Gutknecht, Toni, Anna Gustafsson, Christer Forsgren, Christian Ekberg, and Britt-Marie Steenari. "Investigations into Recycling Zinc from Used Metal Oxide Varistors via pH Selective Leaching: Characterization, Leaching, and Residue Analysis." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/653219.

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Metal oxide varistors (MOVs) are a type of resistor with significantly nonlinear current-voltage characteristics commonly used in power lines to protect against overvoltages. If a proper recycling plan is developed MOVs can be an excellent source of secondary zinc because they contain over 90 weight percent zinc oxide. The oxides of antimony, bismuth, and to a lesser degree cobalt, manganese, and nickel are also present in varistors. Characterization of the MOV showed that cobalt, nickel, and manganese were not present in the varistor material at concentrations greater than one weight percent. This investigation determined whether a pH selective dissolution (leaching) process can be utilized as a starting point for hydrometallurgical recycling of the zinc in MOVs. This investigation showed it was possible to selectively leach zinc from the MOV without coleaching of bismuth and antimony by selecting a suitable pH, mainly higher than 3 for acids investigated. It was not possible to leach zinc without coleaching of manganese, cobalt, and nickel. It can be concluded from results obtained with the acids used, acetic, hydrochloric, nitric, and sulfuric, that sulfate leaching produced the most desirable results with respect to zinc leaching and it is also used extensively in industrial zinc production.
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Wang, Guoming, Woo-Hyun Kim, Jong-Hyuk Lee, and Gyung-Suk Kil. "Condition monitoring and deterioration analysis of metal oxide varistor." Journal of Electrical Engineering 69, no. 5 (September 1, 2018): 352–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2018-0051.

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Abstract With the growing demand for application of metal-oxide varistor (MOV) in low-voltage electronic circuits for overvoltage protection, it is necessary to ensure its performance to avoid the short-circuit and the line-to-ground fault during operation. In this paper, a precise leakage current analyzer was developed to detect the total leakage current and third harmonic component of MOV for its condition monitoring. The voltage- and temperature-dependent measuring uncertainties were compensated using the multipliers. In addition, the deterioration characteristics of the MOV and the newly developed thermally protected metal-oxide varistor (TMOV) were investigated in the accelerated aging test. From the experimental results, the MOV deteriorated much faster under the lightning current impulse synchronized with power-frequency voltage. The thermally activated fuse of TMOV exploded under two types of impulses, which indicated that the TMOV is much more vulnerable and that it is difficult to diagnose the condition of energized TMOV in advance.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Metal oxide varistor"

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Kapuduwage, Sarath, and skapuduwage@hotmail com. "Fault Location on the High Voltage Series Compensated Power Transmission Networks." RMIT University. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080418.120506.

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Nowadays power transmission networks are capable of delivering contracted power from any supplier to any consumer over a large geographic area under market control, and thus transmission lines are incorporated with FACTs series compensated devices to increase the power transfer capability with improvement to system integrity. Conventional fault location methods developed in the past many years are not suitable for FACTs transmission networks. The obvious reason is that FACTs devices in transmission networks introduce non-linearity in the system and hence linear fault detection methods are no longer valid. Therefore, it is still a matter of research to investigate developing new fault detection techniques to cater for modern transmission network configurations and solve implementation issues maintaining required accuracy. This PhD research work is based on developing an accurate and robust new fault location algorithm for series compensated high voltage transmission lines, considering many issues such as transmission line models, configurations with series compensation features. Building on the existing knowledge, a new algorithm has been developed for the estimation of fault location using the time domain approach. In this algorithm, instantaneous fault signals from the transmission line ends are measured and applied to the algorithm to calculate the distance to fault. The new algorithm was tested on two port transmission line model developed using EMTP/ATP software and measured fault data from the simulations are exported to the MATLAB space to run the algorithm. Broad range of faults has been simulated considering various fault cases to test the algorithm and statistical results obtained. It was observed that the accuracy of location of fault on series compensated transmission line using this algorithm is in the range from 99.7 % to 99.9% in 90% of fault cases. In addition, this algorithm was further improved considering many practical issues related to modern series compensated transmission lines (with TCSC var compensators) achieving similar accuracies in the estimation of fault location.
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Summers, Clinton Thomas. "Distance Protection Aspects of Transmission Lines Equipped with Series Compensation Capacitors." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35284.

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In order to meet the high demand for power transmission capacity, some power companies have installed series capacitors on power transmission lines. This allows the impedance of the line to be lowered, thus yielding increased transmission capability. The series capacitor makes sense because it's simple and could be installed for 15 to 30% of the cost of installing a new line, and it can provide the benefits of increased system stability, reduced system losses, and better voltage regulation.1 Protective distance relays, which make use of impedance measurements in order to determine the presence and location of faults, are "fooled" by installed series capacitance on the line when the presence or absence of the capacitor in the fault circuit is not known a priori. This is because the capacitance cancels or compensates some of the inductance of the line and therefore the relay may perceive a fault to be in its first zone when the fault is actually in the second or third zone of protection. Similarly, first zone faults can be perceived to be reverse faults! Clearly this can cause some costly operating errors. The general approach of interest is a method leading to the determination of the values of series L and C of the line at the time of the fault. This is done by analyzing the synchronous and subsynchronous content of the V and I signals seperately which provides adequate information to compute the series L and C of the line.
Master of Science
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Shah, Syed Arif Ullah. "The impacts of series compensated EHV lines on distance protection, and a proposed new mitigation solution." Thesis, KTH, Elektroteknisk teori och konstruktion, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209916.

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Series compensation is extensively applied to the transmission lines to increase the power transfer capability of transmission lines, reduce transmission losses, improve voltage profiles, and improve power oscillation damping and transient stability of power systems. But it modifies the apparent impedance of the transmission lines during fault conditions and might cause the distance protection of transmission lines to encounter directional discrimination issues and reach problems. The non-linear characteristic of metal oxide varistor in series compensation model creates further complexity to the fault analysis and might affects the performance of conventional distance protection scheme. The distance protection issues in the series compensated lines need to be addressed for the reliable and sustainable operation of power system.The directional discrimination issues related to current inversion and voltage inversion phenomenon, and reach problems related to sub-synchronous oscillation phenomenon are addressed in this thesis report. This report aims to analyse the impacts of series compensation on the performance of conventional distance relays, and proposes a new protection solution to mitigate the shortcomings of distance relays in the series compensated lines. The proposed new protection solution includes: new tripping characteristic of quadrilateral distance relays to cope with the steady-state reach problems due to current or voltage inversion, and a new high-pass filtering technique to handle the transient reach problems due to SSO.The proposed new protection algorithm is developed in MATLAB. The performance of new protection algorithm is evaluated by simulating a 500 kV two-source power system with a 200 km series compensated line in EMTDC/ PSCAD (Manitoba Hydro). The proposed new protection solution is found to be beneficial.
Seriekompensation tillämpas i stor utsträckning på överföringsledningarna för att öka överföringsförmågan hos överföringsledningar, minska överföringsförluster, förbättra spänningsprofiler och förbättra effektdämpning och övergående stabilitet hos elsystem. Men det ändrar transmissionslinjernas uppenbara impedans under felförhållanden och kan orsaka att distansskydd för överföringsledningarna stöter på diskrimineringsproblem och uppnår problem. Den icke-linjära egenskapen hos metalloxidvaristor i seriekompensationsmodell skapar ytterligare komplexitet för felanalysen och kan påverka prestandan hos konventionella distansskyddssystem. Distansskydd problemen i seriekompenserade linjer måste lösas för en pålitlig och hållbar drift av elsystemet. De riktningsdiskrimineringsproblem som är relaterade till det aktuella inversions- och spänningsinversionsfenomenet och uppnår problem relaterade till subsynkron oscillationsfenomen tas upp i denna avhandlingsrapport. Denna rapport syftar till att analysera effekterna av seriekompensation för prestanda hos konventionella distansreläer och föreslår en ny skyddslösning för att mildra bristerna i distansreläerna i seriekompenserade linjer. Den föreslagna nya skyddslösningen innefattar: Ny utlösningskaraktäristik för fyrsidig distansreläer för att klara avståndet med stillastående / räckvidden på grund av ström- eller spänningsinversion och en ny högpassfiltreringsteknik för hantering av övergående över- Nå problem på grund av SSO. Den föreslagna nya skyddsalgoritmen har utvecklats i MATLAB. Utförandet av den nya skyddsalgoritmen utvärderas genom simulering av ett 500 kV två-källa kraftverk med en 200 km serie kompenserad linje i EMTDC / PSCAD (Manitoba Hydro). Den föreslagna nya skyddslösningen har visat sig vara fördelaktig.
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Strandberg, Leo, and Zivojin Mirovic. "Hållbar kraftförsörjning av signalanläggningar : En undersökning av Roslagsbanans signalsäkerhetsutrustning." Thesis, KTH, Hälsoinformatik och logistik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-230635.

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Roslagsbanans signalanläggningar har flera olika lösningar för dess strömförsörjning i form av standarder för batterier och likriktare. Denna lösningsvariation har försvårat för underhållspersonalen att åtgärda de fel som uppstått och därmed fördröjt trafiken, dvs trafikstörningar. Roslagsbanan försörjs delvis av lokala elnät där avbrott emellanåt förekommer. Dessa avbrott inträffar ofta när elnätsleverantörerna underhåller sitt ortnät vilket kan ske även under rusningstrafik. Avbrotten kan även orsakas inom signalanläggningarna när stora spänningsvariationer förekommer, t.ex. när stora induktiva- eller kapacitiva laster slås av. Dessa problem analyseras och åtgärdsförslag tas fram i denna rapport. De befintliga likriktarna och batterierna samt förslag till ersättningsprodukter som behövs för detta säkerhetssystem har sammanställts i denna rapport. För att skapa en hållbar, robust och miljövänlig strömförsörjning till Roslagsbanans signalanläggningar undersöktes i detta arbete strömspikar, avbrottsfri kraftförsörjning samt dessutom möjligheten att ansluta solceller som kompletterande åtgärd. I signalutrustningen vid Roslags Näsby stationsområde detekterades och undersöktes förekomsten av strömspikar. Två åtgärdsförslag för att komma till rätta med dessa strömspikar togs fram. Förslagen var ett lågpassfilter och en metalloxidvaristor som båda var för sig reducerar strömspikarna. Lågpassfiltret dämpar insignalernas spänning och strömförsörjning vid kraftiga förändringar i frekvensen och metalloxidvaristorn reducerar strömflödet vid överspänningar. Ytterligare undersökningar av transienterna i Roslags Näsbys och de övriga signalanläggningarna på Roslagsbanan bör utföras. Resultaten av de genomförda undersökningarna om avbrottsfri kraftförsörjning och solceller visade däremot att utrustningarna inte bör installeras i de nuvarande signalanläggningarna. Solceller var inte implementerbara eftersom effektbehovet av signalanläggningarna var större än den takyta som fanns tillgänglig för solcellerna. Arbete och investeringar för ett avbrottsfritt kraftförsörjningsunderhåll och installation av denna utrustning var mer krävande i jämförelse med dess nytta för signalanläggningarnas tillförlitlighet, dvs ingen åtgärd i nuläget. Förslag på ersättningsprodukter i form av likriktare och batterier lades fram till arbetsgivarna för att skapa en standard för Roslagbanans kraftförsörjning framåt.
Roslagsbanan's signal systems have several different solutions for its power supply in the form of several standards for batteries and rectifiers. This solution variation has made it difficult for maintenance staff to correct the errors that occurred and thus delayed traffic, i.e. traffic disturbances. Roslagsbanan is partly supplied by local power grids where interruptions occur occasionally. These interruptions often occur when the network service providers maintain their home network, which may also occur during rush hour traffic. The interruptions can also be caused by the signal systems them self when large voltage variations occur, e.g. when large inductive or capacitive loads are switched off. These problems are analysed, and action proposals are presented in this report. The existing rectifiers and batteries as well as proposals for replacement products that are needed for this safety system have been compiled in this report. To create a sustainable, robust and environmentally friendly power supply to Roslagsbanan’s signal systems, this work investigated transients, uninterruptible power supply, as well as the possibility of connecting solar cells as a complementary arrangement. An investigation of the signal equipment at Roslags Näsby station area showed presence of transients. Two proposals to reduce these transients were presented. The proposals were a low pass filter and a metal oxide varistor, both individually reduces transients. The low pass filter attenuates the voltage and current of the signal when the strong frequency changes occurs and the metal oxide varistor reduces the current flow at overvoltages. Further investigations of the transients in Roslags Näsbys and the other signal facilities on the Roslagsbanan should be performed. On the other hand, the results of the investigations on uninterruptible power and solar cells showed that the equipment should not be installed in the current signal systems. Solar cells were not implementable because the power requirement of the signal systems was greater than the current ceiling area for the solar cells. The work and investment for uninterruptible power supply maintenance and installation were more demanding in comparison to its usefulness for the reliability of the signal systems. Proposals for replacement products were submitted to employers to create a standard for Roslagbanan's power supply onwards.
Сигнални систем на железници која се зове Рослагсбана садржи више различитих решења за своје напајање у облику неколико стандарда за батерије и исправљаче. Варијација различитих решења проузроковала je потешкоће у отклањању новонасталих грешака служби које се баве одржавањем и изазвала је застој у железничком саобраћају. Рослагсбана се напаја електричном енергијом из локалних мрежа на којима може доћи до прекида. Прекид напајања електричном енергијом може бити изазван наглим променама напона у сигналним системима и уколико локални дистрибутер изводи радове на одржавању електричне мреже. Проблеми који могу настати променама напона се анализирају и испитују у овом извештају. Попис исправљача и батерија као и њихова стандардна решења су обрађени и представљени у циљу стварања одрживог и дугорочног решења за системску сигнализацију. Анализирани су високонапонски шпицеви, системи за непрекидно напајање електричном енергијом (УПС) и могућност прикључивања соларних панела. У сигналном систему на станици Рослас Насби измерени су високонапонски шпицеви. Како би се дошло до најбољег и најповољнијег решења анализирана су два предлога за њихово уклањање. Један предлог за уклањање био је ниско пропусни филтер док је за редукцију предложен метал- оксидни одводник пре напона (МОВ). Ниско пропусни филтер смањује јачину струје и напона уколико фреквенција пређе одређену претходно утврђену границу, док МОВ редукује ток струје уколико дође до скока напона. Пре имплементације било ког од наведених решења треба извршити накнадна испитивања у вези са напонским шпицевима. Резултати указују да имплементација УПС-а и соларних панела није могућа. Могућност соларних панела да произведу довољну количину енергије која је потребна за одређени систем није сразмерна површини система која би могла да се прекрије соларним панелима. Трошкови одржавања и прикључивања УПС система су већи у поређењу са значајем које би систем имао од самог УПС система. Предлог стандардних батерија и исправљача који је представљен послодавцу коригован је како би се дошло до стандардног решења за све предстојеће пројекте.
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Tuczek, Maximilian Nikolaus [Verfasser]. "Experimental Investigations of the Multiple Impulse Energy Handling Capability of Metal-Oxide Varistors for Applications in Electrical Power Engineering Translation of: Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Mehrfachimpulsbelastbarkeit von Metalloxidvaristoren für Anwendungen in der elektrischen Energietechnik / Maximilian Nikolaus Tuczek." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1177992272/34.

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Lee, Yueh-Feng, and 李岳峰. "Testing and Aging Analysis of Metal Oxide Varistor Components." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88014620047061090433.

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碩士
輔仁大學
電機工程學系碩士在職專班
104
Metal oxide varistor (MOV), also known as surge absorber,will change its original characteristics with the increase of the suffering of surges, and the worse of the inhibition effect of surges has caused the interruption or destruction for the protection devices. But where can we know the ageing of the surgeabsorber?Obviously,the proper replacement will be a vital issue. The thesis presents the testing and aging analysis for the specifications of MOV, that refer to the international certification standards related to surge protection device IEC 61643-1 and UL 1449 under the different test conditions and environmental requirements. The deviation of the variation of the leakage measured after the electrical characteristics aging tested. The tested results have shown the aging degree of surge absorber from the observation of the leakage currentmeasurements.
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Ezhilvalavan, S. "Influence Of Formulation Methods On The Nonlinear Voltage-Limiting Properties Of Zinc Oxide Varistor Ceramics." Thesis, 1996. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/1760.

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Bokoro, Pitshou Ntambu. "Degradation analysis of metal oxide varistors under harmonic distortion conditions." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/21153.

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A thesis submitted in ful lment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical Engineering May 2016
Modern electrical networks provide an opportunity for inevitable interaction between metal oxide arresters and power system harmonics. Therefore, these arrester devices are continuously exposed to the combined e ect of distorted system voltage and envi- ronmental thermal stresses. Recent studies supported by eld experiments have shown signi cant rise in the leakage current through these surge arrester devices when exposed to ac voltage with harmonics. However, the major shortcoming in the current knowledge and applications of varistor arresters resides on the reliability and the electrical stabil- ity of these overvoltage protection units, when subjected to long-term and continuous distorted ac voltage and thermal stresses from the environment. Commercially-sourced ZnO arresters of similar size and electrical properties are tested using standard ac accelerated degradation procedure or electro-thermal ageing test. The times to degradation, the coe cient of non-linearity, the reference voltages, as well as the clamping voltage measured are used to analyse the reliability and the electrical stability of the metal oxide-based arrester samples. The resistive component of the leakage current is extracted from the measured total leakage current. The three-parameter Weibull probability model is invoked in order to analyze the degradation phenomenon.
MT2016
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Hove, Miidzo. "Improvement of the V-1 characteristic of zinc oxide (ZnO) based metal oxide varistors (MOVs) using Silicon Telluride (SiTe2) and Lanthanum Hexaboride (LaB6) materials." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/7047.

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A study to improve the V-I characteristic of the ZnO-based commercial MOV using a characterised chalcogenide material, Silicon Telluride (SiTe2), and a fieldemissive material, Lanthanum Hexaboride (LaB6), has been conducted. The need arises in that the current commercial ZnO-based metal oxide varistors (MOVs) have a V-I characteristic that departs substantially from that of the ideal one. As a result of this shortcoming, they do not offer ideal clamping action, and the consequence of this is that the protection they are supposed to offer is compromised. The problem behind this shortcoming is the microstructure, which is not ideal. An ideal microstructure to constitute an ideal device is not known yet, hence the problem. Based on a model, a prototype MOV was fabricated using conventional sintering techniques. The phases and microstructure of this prototype MOV were studied using XRD and SEM with EDS facility. The V-I characteristic was studied using the two point probe method, and the clamping action was studied using an impulse generator. A prototype MOV with a near ideal V-I characteristic, with improvements in the leakage, active (breakdown) and up-turn regions was developed. In the leakage region, leakage currents were reduced by 1.0 %. In the active region, the rate of breakdown was increased and discharge currents were increased by on average 4 times those of a dimensionally comparable commercial MOV. The instability responsible for the breakdown was found to be field dependent. The up-turn region was removed. The corresponding surge clamping action of the prototype MOV was identical to that that of the studied commercial MOV, but with lower surge current. The improvements are attributed to the usage of characterised powders and new additives, as well as the process method, in the development of the prototype MOV. One other related major finding is that the pyrochlore phase, Bi2Zn(Zn4/3 Sb2/3)O6, and the spinel phase, Zn(Zn4/3 Sb2/3)O4 are not the only phases that can give rise to the varistor property which gives rise to the non-linear V-I characteristic in a ZnO-based commercial MOV. This is contrary to current know-how. A prototype ZnO-based MOV with near ideal V-I characteristic can be developed.
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Books on the topic "Metal oxide varistor"

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He, Jinliang. Metal Oxide Varistors. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527684038.

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Hu, Jun, and Jinliang He. Metal Oxide Varistors: From Microstructure to Macro-Characteristics. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2015.

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Kelleher, Maura. Preparation of metal oxide additive particles via mechanical methods and their influence on subsequent fabrication, microstructural and electical properties of commercial ZnO varistors. 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Metal oxide varistor"

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Zhou, Qibin, Hongxiang Yang, and Xin Huang. "Influence of Micro-structure Disorder in the Numerical Modeling of Metal Oxide Varistor on Current Distribution." In The Proceedings of the 9th Frontier Academic Forum of Electrical Engineering, 211–19. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6606-0_20.

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Philipp, Herbert R. "Grain Resistivity and Conduction in Metal Oxide Varistors." In Tailoring Multiphase and Composite Ceramics, 481–92. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2233-7_39.

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"Introduction of Varistor Ceramics." In Metal Oxide Varistors, 1–30. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527684038.ch1.

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"Simulation on Varistor Ceramics." In Metal Oxide Varistors, 149–91. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527684038.ch5.

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"Titanium-Based Dual-function Varistor Ceramics." In Metal Oxide Varistors, 335–406. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527684038.ch10.

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"Praseodymium/Vanadium/Barium-Based ZnO Varistor Systems." In Metal Oxide Varistors, 281–305. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527684038.ch8.

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"Tin Oxide Varistor Ceramics of High Thermal Conductivity." In Metal Oxide Varistors, 407–39. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527684038.ch11.

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"WO3 -Based Varistor Ceramics of Low Breakdown Voltage." In Metal Oxide Varistors, 441–60. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527684038.ch12.

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"Breakdown Mechanism and Energy Absorption Capability of ZnO Varistor." In Metal Oxide Varistors, 193–234. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527684038.ch6.

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Reza, Mohammad. "Metal Oxide ZnO-Based Varistor Ceramics." In Advances in Ceramics - Electric and Magnetic Ceramics, Bioceramics, Ceramics and Environment. InTech, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/23601.

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Conference papers on the topic "Metal oxide varistor"

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Zhang, Wei, and Jie Guo. "Impedance Characteristics of Metal Oxide Varistor under Different Pulses." In 2019 IEEE Pulsed Power & Plasma Science (PPPS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ppps34859.2019.9009983.

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Rao, Xuni, Jie Guo, Yue Zhou, Qi Wei, and Xing Liu. "Research on leakage current characteristic of metal oxide varistor." In 2017 1st International Conference on Electrical Materials and Power Equipment (ICEMPE). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icempe.2017.7982189.

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Van Niekerk, D., and P. Bokoro. "Durability Analysis of Metal Oxide Varistor under Direct Current Switching Surges." In 2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/saupec/robmech/prasa48453.2020.9040958.

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Tarfulea, Nicolae, Flaviu Mihai Frigura-Iliasa, Doru Vatau, Petru Andea, Florin Balcu, and Amalia Corina Macarie. "A new algorithm for the design of metal oxide varistor surge arresters." In 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eeeic.2016.7555733.

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Bowman, Tyler, Matt Halligan, and Rodrigo Llanes. "High-Frequency Metal-Oxide Varistor Modeling Response to Early-time Electromagnetic Pulses." In 2020 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility & Signal/Power Integrity (EMCSI). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emcsi38923.2020.9191483.

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Bokoro, Pitshou, Miidzo Hove, and Ian Jandrell. "A statistical analysis of metal oxide varistor current under distorted supply voltage conditions." In 2014 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eic.2014.6869437.

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Filip, Bogdan, Flaviu Mihai Frigura-Iliasa, Doru Vatau, Mihaela Frigura-Iliasa, Petru Andea, and Ionel Florin Balcu. "Experimental Improvements Concerning the Thermal Manufacturing Parameters of a new Metal Oxide Varistor Material." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eeeic.2018.8493882.

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Chuayin, Chaitawat, Matthieu Zinck, Anantawat Kunakorn, and Norasage Pattanadech. "The Effect of Electrical and Moisture Degradation of Metal Oxide Varistor with Insulation Diagnosis." In 2020 8th International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis (CMD). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cmd48350.2020.9287298.

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Mashaba, Mathews, and Ken Nixon. "Deducing metal oxide varistor life span from pulse rating curves for surges of different magnitudes." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application (ICHVE). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ichve.2016.7800668.

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Seo, Woo-Seok, Sang-Hee Kang, Young-Doo Yoon, and Jong-Su Yoon. "A Conventional Distance Protection for Series-Compensated Lines Considering TCSC Protected by a Metal Oxide Varistor." In 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection (APAP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apap47170.2019.9224877.

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Reports on the topic "Metal oxide varistor"

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Hane, G. J., M. Yorozu, T. Sogabe, and S. Suzuki. Long-term research in Japan: amorphous metals, metal oxide varistors, high-power semiconductors and superconducting generators. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5621417.

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