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Journal articles on the topic 'Metal Workshop'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Hariri, Azian, Abdul Mutalib Leman, and Mohammad Zainal M. Yusof. "Welding Fume Exposure among Welders in Small Size Welding Workshops in Malaysia." Applied Mechanics and Materials 465-466 (December 2013): 1292–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.465-466.1292.

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Welding fumes has both acute and long term chronic hazards. Small size welding workshops often have the drawback in health and safety consciousness. This study is conducted to investigate the personal welding fumes exposure among welders in small size welding workshop. Two workshops were selected to represent a very small welding workshop (2 workers) and a medium workshop (8 workers). The main activities in these workshops were metal inert gas welding (MIG) process onto mild steel material. Welding fumes was sampled for 8 hours and analyze by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results of the study showed that only iron element existed notably in time weighted average (TWA) 8 hours calculation for both workshops. However, welding fumes exposure for both workshops were well below the permissible exposure limit (PEL) as stated in the Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemical Hazardous to Health regulation (USECHH) 2000 under the Malaysian Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994.

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Amstutz, Harlan C., Pat Campbell, Harry McKellop, Thomas P. Schmalzried, William J. Gillespie, Donald Howie, Joshua Jacobs, John Medley, and Katharine Merritt. "Metal on Metal Total Hip Replacement Workshop Consensus Document." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 329 (August 1996): S297—S303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199608001-00027.

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Abdullah, MI, and I. Steffenak. "The GEEP Workshop: trace metal analyses." Marine Ecology Progress Series 46 (1988): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps046027.

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Karpova, Maria V. "The Zhostovo Floral Design: Workshops in the Development of Children’s Artistry and Conversatio." ICONI, no. 1 (2020): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33779/2658-4824.2020.1.068-075.

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The workshop is aimed at enhancing children’s development of artistic aesthetics and verbal skills. Acquaintance with one of the famous types of Russian folk designs — the Zhostovskiy podnos [Zhostovo fl oral design on metal lacquer trays] — takes place with the help of creative assignments, playing exercises, readings of stories and engaging in craftwork. During the training sessions the children receive not only new knowledge, but also the elementary skills of discourse about the object of art. The tutorial materials are accompanied by colorful illustrations. The workshop is aimed at cooperative studying workshops of either teachers or parents with children.

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Wang, Jia Ying, Hao Chen, Wen Yu Xia, Ling Chen, Jian Fu Zhao, and Guang Ming Li. "Heavy Metal Pollution in the Surface Dust from E-Waste Disposal Place and its Ecological Risk Assessment." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 2360–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.2360.

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Six specific types of surface dusts were collected from different e-waste disposal areas in Shanghai, China for the determination of toxic metals including Zn, Pb, Ni, Cd, Cr and Cu. These samples were obtained from interior of home appliance, second-hand household appliance maintaining store, open manual dissembling yard, enclosed electronic waste warehouse, enclosed dissembling workshop, as well as outside yard of plant. ICP-AES analyzing results revealed that metal concentrations in dust from home appliance interior and second-hand household appliance maintaining store were obviously higher than the soil background values. And the metal concentrations of dusts from open manual dissembling yard were similar to enclosed electronic waste warehouse. The concentrations of Pb, Zn and Cu in dust from enclosed dissembling workshop were about 3646.10, 3485.23 and 4049.70 mg/kg, which were respectively 9, 19 and 45 times higher than outside yard of plant. The potential ecological risks of metal pollution in these dusts were analyzed by estimating the distribution characterization of samples and the heavy metals. The results showed that potential ecological risk of Cu was the highest, and then was the Cd, Cr was the least. The ecological risk indexes of metals in dusts from enclosed dissembling workshop, home appliance interior and second-hand household appliance maintained store were considered to be significantly healthy harm, while those from open manual dissembling yard and enclosed electronic waste warehouse were relatively less harm.

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Bobrovskii, V. "Institute for metal physics hosts international workshop." Neutron News 8, no. 4 (January 1997): 2–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10448639708231989.

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Sulistyo, Aris, and Putut Hargiyarto. "Pengembangan Tata Letak Bengkel dan Program Praktik Fabrikasi Logam di SMK N 1 Seyegan." Jurnal Dinamika Vokasional Teknik Mesin 4, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/dinamika.v4i1.24277.

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The purpose of this research and development are to plan a workshop layout, a program for practical works and to identify the inhibiting and supporting factors in the implementation stage. The development model used uses Analysis, Design, Implementation, and Evaluation. The subject of the research and development are teachers and technicians working in Metal Fabrication Workshops. The data were collected using observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study are metal fabrication workshop layouts, practical work program, and identification of the inhibiting and supporting factors in the research and development.Tujuan penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah menghasilkan layout bengkel, program praktik dan identifikasi faktor penghambat, pendukung. Model pengembangan menggunakan Analisis, Desain, Implementasi dan Evaluasi. Subjek pada penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah Guru dan Teknisi Bengkel Teknik Fabrikasi Logam. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil berupa layout bengkel praktik fabrikasi logam, komponen program praktik dan identifikasi faktor pendukung, penghambat dalam penelitian dan pengembangan

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Eludoyin, Olatunde Sunday, and Onisoya Margaret Ogbe. "Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Pawpaw (Carica papaya Linn.) around Automobile Workshops in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria." Journal of Health and Pollution 7, no. 14 (June 1, 2017): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5696/2156-9614-7.14.48.

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Background. Consumption of plants such as Carica papaya grown around automobile workshops is common in big cities in Nigeria. However, little is known about the heavy metals contamination of these consumables due to the influence of automobile emissions during maintenance activities. Objectives. This study aimed to assess heavy metal concentrations in C. papaya and supporting soils around automobile workshops in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria. Methods. Seven automobile workshops were used for the present study. First, 20 m × 20 m quadrats were laid out for soil and C. papaya tissue sampling. One composite soil sample was collected from the topsoil (0–15 cm depth) around each of the automobile workshops. Three C. papaya stands at least 30 cm apart around each workshop were used for the study and from these stands, tissues (root, stem, leaf, fruit) of C. papaya were collected. Standard laboratory techniques were used to determine the pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and heavy metals (lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn)) in the soil samples and C. papaya tissues. Pairwise t-test was used to determine significant differences (p<0.05) in the heavy metal concentrations in soil and C. papaya tissues between the sample and control sites, while correlation statistics were used to determine the relationship of heavy metal concentrations between soil and C. papaya tissues. Results. C. papaya tissues and supporting soil had significantly higher levels of pH, EC and heavy metals in the sampled plots than the control plot. The heavy metal concentrations in C. papaya and soil occurred in the decreasing order of Pb>Cu>Hg>Zn>Cd. The fruit of C. papaya had the highest mean concentrations of Pb (51.4±14.1 mg/kg) and Zn (26.4±1.9 mg/kg), while the leaf had the highest mean concentration of Hg (32.0±2.3 mg/kg). The pH, Cu and Zn in the supporting soil were significantly correlated with the levels in the C. papaya tissues. Conclusion. Bio-accumulation of heavy metals by C. papaya is evident around automobile workshops, and Pb, Hg, Cd concentrations were found to be above the permissible limits for human consumption according to World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Consumption of food materials grown around automobile workshops could pose health risks. Competing interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Fatmasari, Ikka Fitria feby, Siti Musyarofah, and Baju Widjasena. "the relationship between complience use PPE eyes with metal welding chips in eyes welders in the welding workshop in boja." Jurnal Formil (Forum Ilmiah) Kesmas Respati 4, no. 2 (November 15, 2019): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.35842/formil.v4i2.267.

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Accident that occured in the workplace there are several interrelated causes can be a death cause, disable and work-related disease (WRD). Welders in welding workshop have some several eye injuries incident. One of them was metal welding chips. The use of PPE eyes is very importance for welders. Infact still many welders who neglect in this health. This study aim to determined the relationship between compliance use PPE eyes with metal welding chips on the eyes welders in the welding workshop in Boja village. This research used survey analytic research with cross sectional approach. The population in this study was all welders in welding workshop in Boja village. The sampling technique with total sampling that accorded to the inclusion criteria. The sample was 34 respondents. The instrument that was used were questionnaires and checklist sheets. The results indicated that the welders that compliance using PPE eyes as much as 44,1%. The welders rarely exposed by metal welding chips as much as 47,1%. The data analayzed with Chi-Square test there was significant relationship between compliance PPE eyes with metal welding chips on the eyes welders in the welding workshop in Boja village. {p value = 0,001; PR= 3,947 (1,4-11,2)} Based on result of the study, the welding workshop holders are being recommended to provide PPE eyes and supervise the use of PPE eyes for the welders

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SAWYERR, Henry Olawale, Morufu Olalekan RAIMI, Adedotun Timothy ADEOLU, and Oluwaseun Emmanuel ODIPE. "Measures of Harm from Heavy Metal Pollution in Battery Technicians’ Workshop within Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria." Communication, Society and Media 2, no. 2 (May 28, 2019): p73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/csm.v2n2p73.

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Soil pollution with Heavy Metals (HMs) has been of much interests lately and is one of the major issues to be faced globally and requires attention because heavy metals above their normal ranges are extremely threatened to both biotic and abiotic life. It was therefore of interest to conduct study to assess the extent of heavy-metal contamination of soils within battery technicians’ workshops within Ilorin metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of twenty-five composite soil samples were collected from six selected battery charger workshop within Ilorin metropolis and analyzed for the presence of heavy metals using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Result reveals significant positive relationship between Mn and Fe (r=0.511**, p<0.001), Mn and Cu (r=0.565**, p<0.001), Fe and Cr (r=0.895**, p<0.001), Fe and Cu (r=0.823**, p<0.001) and between Cr and Cu (r=830**, p<0.001). Result also shows significant negative relationship between Mn and Cr (r=-0.679**, p<0.001), Pb and Cu (r=-0.468*, p<0.05) respectively. The pollution status of heavy metals in soils was evaluated using quantitative indices (pollution index–PI). The result shows that Zn was moderately contaminated while other heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr and Cu) had very slight contamination (pollution index<0.1). The Ilorin metropolis soils of Kwara State were found to have a moderate to very slight contamination respectively. Large variations in PI values of Zn revealed that soil in those areas of the city, which are influenced by anthropogenic activities, have moderate concentrations of Zn resulting in “considerable risk”. The findings of this study recommend comprehensive continuous annual monitoring and auditing and further studies on the level of these heavy metals in the near future to ascertain long-term effects of anthropogenic impact is forestalled to protect the men and the environment. This should also involve larger coverage with studies on ground water around such locations. Furthermore, continuous metals speciation should be carried out so that the form and extent of metal bioavailability can be evaluated further.

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Biederman, H. "4th International Workshop on Polymer/Metal Nanocomposites (Nanoworkshop 2009)." Plasma Processes and Polymers 6, no. 6-7 (May 18, 2009): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppap.200970004.

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12

Garcia, Alberto Tomas, Nikita Levichev, Vitalii Vorkov, Dirk Cattrysse, and Joost R. Duflou. "Towards Automatic Part Identification in Sheet Metal Workshops." Key Engineering Materials 883 (April 2021): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.167.

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Pallets and forklifts equipped with Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) technology can be a suitable option for bridging the information gap between cutting and bending stages in sheet metal production. However, a decision on how tagged pallets can be assigned to their content needs to be made. In this paper, a reactive and a proactive approach for the near-automatic identification of parts on pallets after cutting are discussed and their performance is evaluated through a series of simulations. In both approaches, the nesting information along with the measured net weight of the pallets are used to determine the parts on top of each pallet. The influence of the alternative solutions problem on the performance is investigated for both approaches. It is concluded that the actual decision on the approach selection depends on the time that is required for each recalculation and each pre-allocation. Those times are workshop dependent and, therefore, a decision should be made for each workshop specifically.

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Iyer, Sundaram S., Aroldo Misi, and Maria da Gloria de Silva. "Workshop on Base Metal Ore Deposits of Brazil, Salvador, Brazil." Gondwana Research 2, no. 2 (April 1999): 320–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1342-937x(05)70166-0.

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Meech, J. A. "IFAC workshop on expert systems in mineral and metal processing." Minerals Engineering 5, no. 3-5 (March 1992): 573–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0892-6875(92)90237-4.

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15

Shearan, Stephen J. I., Norbert Stock, Franziska Emmerling, Jan Demel, Paul A. Wright, Konstantinos D. Demadis, Maria Vassaki, et al. "New Directions in Metal Phosphonate and Phosphinate Chemistry." Crystals 9, no. 5 (May 24, 2019): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9050270.

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In September 2018, the First European Workshop on Metal Phosphonates Chemistry brought together some prominent researchers in the field of metal phosphonates and phosphinates with the aim of discussing past and current research efforts and identifying future directions. The scope of this perspective article is to provide a critical overview of the topics discussed during the workshop, which are divided into two main areas: synthesis and characterisation, and applications. In terms of synthetic methods, there has been a push towards cleaner and more efficient approaches. This has led to the introduction of high-throughput synthesis and mechanochemical synthesis. The recent success of metal–organic frameworks has also promoted renewed interest in the synthesis of porous metal phosphonates and phosphinates. Regarding characterisation, the main advances are the development of electron diffraction as a tool for crystal structure determination and the deployment of in situ characterisation techniques, which have allowed for a better understanding of reaction pathways. In terms of applications, metal phosphonates have been found to be suitable materials for several purposes: they have been employed as heterogeneous catalysts for the synthesis of fine chemicals, as solid sorbents for gas separation, notably CO2 capture, as materials for electrochemical devices, such as fuel cells and rechargeable batteries, and as matrices for drug delivery.

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Sadler, Peter J. "Workshop on: Chemistry of Metals in Medicine - The Industrial Perspective." Metal-Based Drugs 4, no. 3 (January 1, 1997): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/mbd.1997.119.

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The Workshop was attended by 61 participants from 20 countries. Most of the speakers were industrialists and the Chairpersons and Discussion Leaders were academics.The area “Chemistry of Metals in Medicine” has the potential for producing innovative, high quality, and original research.This is a new and emerging area of biomedical chemistry. Small firms are already being established which are devoted to the new elemental medicine. Major pharmaceutical and healthcare industries too are becoming aware of the major impact which metal chemistry is likely to have on traditional organic pharmacology and of the new opportunities which it presents for advances including the development of metalloenzyme-specific inhibitors, targeted radionuclide complexes for diagnosis and therapy, contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, safer mineral and vitamin supplements, new agents for the treatment of neurological, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular disease, skin conditions, cancer, and microbial and viral infections.The European scientific and technological research base in this area is potentially attractive for business. Industrial collaboration and cooperation can be accommodated within the COST framework.

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Søvsø, Mette Højmark, and Christian Vrængmose Jensen. "Workshop production of brooches with religious symbolism around the year 1100 in Denmark." Danish Journal of Archaeology 9 (March 25, 2020): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/dja.v9i0.115489.

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Small brooches with Christian motifs from the period of c. AD 1050–1150 occur frequently amongst metal-detector finds in Denmark. Those known as Urnes brooches, bird-shaped brooches and circular animal brooches are especially common finds over most of the country. In order to understand what lies behind the distribution and significance of these brooches, the issues of where they were made and who was responsible for production are key questions. The large number of finds must reflect a serial form of production, but up to a few years ago secure evidence of any workshop has been almost effectively absent. Presented in this paper are two recent finds of workshops in which the manufacture of these types of brooches took place, in Ribe and Aalborg respectively. On the basis of the archaeological contexts of the workshops and the finds, it is proposed that this production is to be seen as primarily an urban phenomenon, with the Church as initiator and key agent, directed at a broad circle of customers. This may have been part of an evangelizing thrust with wider popular appeal in which these small but highly meaningful artefacts played an important symbolic role.

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Ottewill, Gerry A., Gavin W. Reade, Sheelagh A. Campbell, Carlos Ponce de Leon, and Frank C. Walsh. "Electrochemical removal of metal ions from aqueous solution: a student workshop." Journal of Environmental Monitoring 7, no. 10 (2005): 943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b511142k.

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Qiao, Yingying, Jifang Tao, Yao Zhang, Jifang Qiu, Xiaobin Hong, Jian Wu, and Chia-Hung Chen. "Sub-Micro Particle Matter Detection for Metal 3-D Printing Workshop." IEEE Sensors Journal 19, no. 13 (July 1, 2019): 4932–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2019.2902223.

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Croix, Sarah, Michael Neiß, and Søren M. Sindbæk. "Theréseau opératoireof Urbanization: Craft Collaborations and Organization in an Early Medieval Workshop in Ribe, Denmark." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 29, no. 2 (January 10, 2019): 345–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774318000525.

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This paper proposes that the organization of crafts may be a key catalyst in the emergence of urban communities. This is argued through a reassessment of finds from a non-ferrous metal workshop from the eighth century excavated in Ribe, Denmark. We analyse 3D laser scans in order to classify previously unidentified mould fragments, which show that the workshop produced a range of metal parts for composite products like wooden chests, belts and horse harnesses. Such production required an operational network, orréseau opératoire, to combine the necessary skills and expertise of several artisanal specializations. The need for collaboration between specialized craftspeople would have been a decisive incentive for the formation of permanent communities of an urban character. These observations point to a neglected bottom-up driver for the development of early urbanization.

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Huot, Jacques, Fermín Cuevas, Stefano Deledda, Kaveh Edalati, Yaroslav Filinchuk, Thierry Grosdidier, Bjørn C. Hauback, et al. "Mechanochemistry of Metal Hydrides: Recent Advances." Materials 12, no. 17 (August 29, 2019): 2778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12172778.

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This paper is a collection of selected contributions of the 1st International Workshop on Mechanochemistry of Metal Hydrides that was held in Oslo in May 2018. In this paper, the recent developments in the use of mechanochemistry to synthesize and modify metal hydrides are reviewed. A special emphasis is made on new techniques beside the traditional way of ball milling. High energy milling, ball milling under hydrogen reactive gas, cryomilling and severe plastic deformation techniques such as High-Pressure Torsion (HPT), Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment (SMAT) and cold rolling are discussed. The new characterization method of in-situ X-ray diffraction during milling is described.

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Zhu, Yun Ming, Gui Cheng Wang, Zhi Wang, and Shu Tian Fan. "Network Database System for Metal Cutting Burr." Advanced Materials Research 24-25 (September 2007): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.24-25.7.

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The formation and existence of burrs is one of the common phenomena in machining. It affects directly machining accuracy and parts quality. Network database system for metal cutting burr is developed using ASP.NET platform. The management of metal cutting burr data, inquiry and prediction of cutting burrs types and sizes, optimization of cutting conditions for controlling burr forming which based on the reasoning method of BP neural networks are realized. The development and realization of network database of metal cutting burr provide a convenient way for data transmission between multi-workshop and across regions, promote the development of burr controlling technology and modern manufacture technology.

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Dinh, Thang Xuan, and Trung Thanh Nguyen. "STUDY ON EXPERIMENTAL MODEL TO DETERMINE THE EFFICIENCY OF DUST REMOVAL EQUIPMENT FOR MECHANIC WORKSHOP." Science and Technology Development Journal 13, no. 3 (September 30, 2010): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v13i3.2144.

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Finding suitable method for selecting the most suitable dust collector for manufacturers is a very important practise which help to reduce environmental pollution and develop a stable society. Based on available research results, the article studies the efficiency of dust removal technique for medium and small scale workshops on three equipments: wet scrubber, wet packed scrubber and centriscrub to suggest suitable dust treatment process in factories as well as the present need. The research result on three equipments suggest that the wet packed scrubber has a minimum particle removal efficiency of 92,67% while the wet scrubber achieving removal efficiency of 81,85% and the Centriscrub achieving removal efficiency up to 99,50%. The results show that the wet cleaning methods is the most suitable method for safe and efficient collection of dusts from various metal working applications such as deburring, polishing and grinding workshop in which the centriscrub achieves the highest efficiency.

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Panshin, I. N. "A case of subcutaneous rupture of the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall." Kazan medical journal 22, no. 2 (December 24, 2020): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj52879.

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El-Sayed, Mostafa A. "Preface." Pure and Applied Chemistry 72, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2000): vii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac20007201ii.

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This issue of Pure Appl. Chem. is devoted to papers based upon invited lectures delivered at the first IUPAC-sponsored Workshop on Advanced Material, "WAM1: Nanostructured Systems", held at the Hong Kong University for Science and Technology (HKUST) on July 14-18, 1999.The Topic Why nanostructured material? Chemists contribute to the well-being of society by exploiting the properties of the elements of the periodic table, or various forms of combination of elements, to make materials that are useful for "better living through chemistry." What happens if we use all the possible combinations that can be made? There remain great demands for developing new materials to improve our lives in fields such as medicine, energy, improving the environment, communication and transportation. Thus, we have to think of new ways to make materials that can be expected to display properties appropriate to the technologies of the new Millennium! The difference in properties of different elements and their derived compounds is a result of differences in the type of motion that their electrons can execute. This, in turn, depends on the space available for the electronic motion and the degree of its confinement. Thus, the difference between a metal, a semiconductor and an insulator is attributable to the electrons being delocalized in the first, more confined in the second and highly confined in the last. Can we physically cut material size sufficiently to change its electronic degree of confinement and thus its properties? We do know that while copper metal is a conductor, the copper atom and small molecular clusters of copper atoms are insulators. What is the size of an elemental assembly of a metal (i.e. the number of atoms in it) at which the metal-semiconductor or the metal-insulator transition occurs? Of course it depends on the length scale of the property measured. For semiconductors and metals, a large change in properties, e.g. absorption, emission, and conductivity, occurs on the nanometer length scale. Equally important, the property becomes very sensitive to the size of the nanoparticle. It can thus be expected that many variations in these properties should be observed for the same material by simply changing its size. The potential for harnessing these changes of properties in new technological applications is largely responsible for the current appeal of this exciting field. These considerations, along with our personal research interests, convinced me and Professor Joshua Jortner that it would be opportune to adopt this theme for the first IUPAC Workshop on Advanced Material. The publication of the talks given at the Workshop is timely, given the extraordinary rapidity with which new developments are taking place in the field. This collection of papers complements other recent publications of reviews on the topic of nanostructures, since it is more in the nature of a symposium-in-print and offers an assembly of short overviews and research papers which capture the dynamic associated with research at interdisciplinary interfaces, and with the development of attendant synthetic and analytical techniques. The promise of unimagined properties of nanostructured materials and of new-generation applications is an ongoing stimulus for further research, and it is hoped that this publication will contribute to the process, and furnish practitioners with new insights and inspiration. This is truly a multidisciplinary and future-targeted area of scientific research, and one which fully meets the IUPAC vision of 'new directions in chemistry', with its promise of hitherto undefined vistas of opportunity for discovery and exploitation. The WorkshopThe quality of the scientific presentations at this meeting was very high indeed. The strong international representation is in keeping with the spirit of IUPAC as well as the global nature of scientific research. The idea of the meeting was to get scientists active in advanced material from the West to interact strongly with those from the Orient. In this regard, we have succeeded as we achieved representation from seven countries from each side [China (Mainland and Hong Kong), Japan, Korea, Philippines, Singapore, and Taiwan from the Orient, and Canada, France, Germany, Israel, Spain, United Kingdom, and USA from the West]. This great accomplishment of getting us all together in such a delightful atmosphere was the result of the wise sponsorship of IUPAC and the great efforts of many people, whom I would like to acknowledge below.Acknowledgements IUPAC: for its wisdom to sponsor workshops in frontier areas of chemical research. We thank the then-IUPAC President, Prof. Joshua Jortner for cochairing the Workshop. We also thank the IUPAC Secretariat, in particular its Executive Director, Dr. John Jost, for his continuous and prompt support and Dr. Fabienne Meyers for creating and editing our web page for the Workshop and for her essential assistance in the production of this special volume. HKUST: for hosting us. We thank Dr. Nai-Teng Yu of the Chemistry Department, whose willingness to help us by accommodating the Workshop in his Department was essential; Dr. Shihe Yang whose continuous hard work and efforts made it possible to follow up the registration process; the local organizers, in particular, Prof. Leroy Chang and Ping Sheng, who supplied us with the list of participants, the names of some invited speakers and the program of a similar meeting held there recently and the Departmental staff, for their help in getting the arrangements of this workshop finalized. Georgia Tech: Dr. Clemens Burda helped in getting the workshop abstracts and putting the workshop material together, Ms. Michele Papsidero, my own secretary, spent many hours of hard work in following the process, from completing the registration list, to reminding contributors to meet different deadlines including sending the abstracts, and finally in typing and collating the whole program for the Workshop. The assistance of the USA Organizing Committee and in particular, Profs. John Zhang and Rob Whetten at Georgia Tech, was extremely useful in finalizing the scientific program. The speakers: I thank both the plenary and invited speakers who accepted our invitation, most without asking for financial support. Without them, we would not have had such an excellent scientific meeting or this valuable volume of Pure Appl. Chem.I wish to thank Professor James Bull, the editor of this special issue, for his hard work in making sure he received the manuscripts in time, for the review process of these manuscripts and for putting the whole volume together. Mostafa A. El-SayedChairman, Organizing CommitteeJulius Brown Professor School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of Technology

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Locis, Ivars. "Control of Heavy Metal Pollution in Degraded Rural Areas." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 3 (August 9, 2015): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2013vol3.875.

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The paper presents the issue of heavy metals in the different types of degraded territory in rural areas. For the test was chosen three different degraded territory: the former petrol station, the former farm mechanical workshop, the former farm cattle storage. All of three objects during operation were subjected to intensive polluting impact. They are included in the contaminated and potentially contaminated sites register. High concentrations of heavy metals in the soil of degraded territory is a factor that affects the planning for regeneration. Revitalization of contaminated sites and further use of them is possible only after the remediation works.

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Sepsi, Máté, Márton Benke, and Valéria Mertinger. "Non-destructive pole-figure measurements on workshop-made silver reference model of archaic objects." ACTA IMEKO 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v10i1.896.

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Based on the knowledge of crystallographic texture, the parameters of the metal-forming heat treatment of metallic objects can be reconstructed well when conventional technologies (e.g. rolling, deep drawing, etc.) are applied. The characterisation of texture has been possible only by using destructive techniques, apart from neutron diffraction. Recently, a non-destructive texture measurement method has been developed for centreless diffractometers, providing a new dimension to the examination of archaic objects. In the present study, two types of Stresstech G3R centreless diffractometer were used with this new method, which proved it to be applicable to both the tabletop and robotic arm-assisted versions of the diffractometer. Although the texture of archaic objects can be revealed using this method, the production of these objects cannot be directly deduced from the results, since their manufacturing steps are not identical to the metal-forming operations applied today. In this study, workshop-made silver reference samples were produced with the help of three silversmiths. Wrinkling, metal spinning and intermediate annealing were applied to the rolled silver sheet with the aim of making real-sized silver cups. The workshop-made reference cups were then subjected to non-destructive texture examinations. The results reveal the textures developed during the conventional manufacturing steps of silver cups. The obtained information greatly assists future research in understanding the pole figures of archaic objects and the reconstruction of their manufacturing technology.

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Jeon, Kwon-Ho, Jin-Yong Lee, and Sang-Il Choi. "Heavy Metal Contamination of Soil and Groundwater at a Rail Rolling Stock Workshop." Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal 17, no. 2 (February 25, 2008): 75–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15320380701870120.

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Tiku, D., B. Asikong, and U. Ubi. "Heavy Metal Tolerance Profile among Bacteria from Auto-mechanic Workshop and Pristine Soil." British Microbiology Research Journal 12, no. 6 (January 10, 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bmrj/2016/23597.

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Jędrkiewicz, Renata, and Jacek Namieśnik. "The 15th Workshop on Progress in Trace Metal Speciation for Environmental Analytical Chemistry." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 409, no. 4 (October 29, 2016): 863–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-0021-z.

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Qi, De Zhong, Yun Qing Rao, Nian You Sun, and Qi Chen. "A New Optimized Cutting Method Based on Group Technology in the Structural Member Manufacturing." Advanced Materials Research 314-316 (August 2011): 2210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.2210.

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Considering low utilization rate of sheet metal, the low nature of a complete set and the overmuch work-in-process in the workshop during the process of the structural members of engineering machinery, this paper proposes a new optimized cutting method based on group technology with the basis of present sheet metal cutting. This method adopts the principles of divide and rule, which divides the processing cutting parts into several groups by clustering and deals with them separately. The method has been applied in industrial production and achieved good results.

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KILBURN-TOPPIN, JASMINE. "‘A place of great trust to be supplied by men of skill and integrity’: assayers and knowledge cultures in late sixteenth- and seventeenth-century London." British Journal for the History of Science 52, no. 2 (May 7, 2019): 197–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087419000219.

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AbstractThis article suggests that institutional workshops of assay were significant experimental sites in early modern London. Master assayers at Goldsmiths’ Hall on Foster Lane, in the heart of the city, and at the Royal Mint, in the Tower, made trials to determine the precious-metal content of bullion, plate and coinage. The results of their metallurgical experiments directly impacted upon the reputations and livelihoods of London's goldsmiths and merchants, and the fineness of coin and bullion. Engaged in the separation and transformation of matter, assayers and the affairs of their workshops were also a curiosity for those interested in the secrets of nature. Making use of a wide-ranging body of sources, including institutional court minutes, artisanal petitions, mercantile guidebooks, recipe books and natural-philosophical treatises, this article uncovers a complex culture of metropolitan expertise. We first examine the workshop spaces in which assayers undertook their professional activities, and their secretive corporate cultures. We turn next to the manuscript culture through which assayers codified and communicated knowledge, ‘secrets’ and techniques to broader urban audiences. Finally, we assess exchanges and tensions between assayers and the wider community of Londoners engaged in scientific knowledge production and dissemination.

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Nguyen, Nam Thanh, Tuan Dinh Phan, Cuong Van Vo, Dien Khanh Le, Binh Thien Nguyen, and Hieu Trung Le. "RESEARCH ON THE FORMING ANGLE OF A1050-H14 ALUMINUM MATERIAL PROCESSED BY USING SINGLE POINT INCREMENTAL FORMING TECHNOLOGY (SPIF)." Science and Technology Development Journal 12, no. 16 (October 15, 2009): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v12i16.2357.

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Single Point Incremental Forming - SPIF is the recent manufacturing process of metal sheet forming by drafting a non-cutting edge sphere-tip tool on a clamped metal sheet. The formability of metal sheet in SPIF is considered by the forming angle (ψ)- the maximum draft angle so that the material is not torn. The experimental research on A1050-H14 aluminum sheet on Bridge Port VMC500-16 CNC milling machine in C1 workshop of the HCMUT in order to find out the regression equations to predict the maximum forming angle in the relation with four most important technology parameters in SPIF: size of the step down z, forming feed vxy, spindle speed n, forming tool diameter d.

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Pottinger, Audrey M., Nickiesha Passard, and Angela Gordon Stair. "Using faith-based organisations to promote mental health education to underserved populations in Jamaica." Health Education Journal 80, no. 4 (January 18, 2021): 461–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0017896920988036.

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Objective: The under-utilisation of mental health services by populations because of inadequate mental health education by community leaders and the public is of concern. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of brief 1-day workshops in educating the public about mental health. Design: Quantitative pre–post evaluation. Setting: Community-based mental health workshops in urban Jamaica. Method: A survey on awareness of mental health resources was completed by 39 community leaders. In addition, 204 participants, who attended three 1-day public educational workshops, anonymously completed evaluations of workshop objectives including met expectations, stimulated learning, and workshop strengths and weaknesses. Of these participants, 157 completed pre–post workshop evaluations to identify subjective improvements in knowledge and competency. Results: Almost 60% of community leaders reported being in regular contact with persons who expressed poor emotional well-being, but typically only referred 25%–30% for mental health counselling. The workshops on mental health education, facilitated by faith-based organisations, were well subscribed by the public and most participants rated them favourably. Significantly more participants reported satisfaction with the workshops on Parenting Practices compared to Workplace Wellness ( p < .05). Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests revealed higher mean scores overall on post-workshop evaluation indicating gain in knowledge and competency; mean pre-test score, 3.26 (0.77), and post-test, 4.38 (0.48), p < .000. Conclusion: One-day mental health education workshops met public expectations and resulted in subjective gains in knowledge and competency. Research is needed to clarify the specific benefits of using public education workshops supported by faith-based organisations to promote mental health.

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Orji, Chinenye, and Funke Abdulrahman. "Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil from an Automobile Mechanic Workshop in Abuja." Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology 6, no. 1 (March 17, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2018/36702.

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HOGARTH, C. A. "Guest Editorial: Fifth International Workshop on the Electronic Properties of Metal/Non-metal Microsystems, Polanica Zdroj, Poland, 11-14 September 1995." International Journal of Electronics 81, no. 4 (November 1996): 361–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/002072196136535.

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Yermolayeva, Antonina Sergeevna, Zhanargul Serikovna Kaliyeva, and Ekaterina Viktorovna Dubyagina. "Cultural attribution of the dwelling-workshop on the basis of the Taldysay settlement ceramics analysis." Samara Journal of Science 7, no. 3 (August 15, 2018): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201873219.

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The following paper considers important characteristics of classical ceramic collection from the dwelling-workshop situated in the metallurgical settlement Taldysay. The workshop had one period of settlement and belongs to the Petrov archeological culture (the type of the monument is Nurtai for Central Kazakhstan). In previous years of the research, we made attempts to determine the cultural affiliation of the thermal engineering structures on the basis of ceramic material that constitutes ground and mine types in dwelling and production complexes that functioned in different chronological periods and contained various cultural materials. Due to the fact that the collection is quite limited, the present publication consists of the preliminary analysis of the artifacts and includes systematization of the accumulated ceramic materials from the settlement. From 100 fragments, only 41 specimens were selected for the further analysis, and 35 of which were found directly in the heat engineering facilities and near them. Importantly, even now we can conclude that the ceramic material proves that the thermal engineering structures of ground and mines types in a single-layer dwelling-workshop belong to the monuments of Petrov archeological culture of Nurtai type. Finally, the considered collection determines the start of the metal production on the territory of Central Kazakhstan by the first half of the second millennium BC.

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K. A., Abiola, Medugu N. I., Kadafa A, A., and Opaluwa O. D. "Heavy Metal Contamination of Top Soil at the Vehicles Workshop in Keffi Town, Nasarawa State." IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology 10, no. 08 (August 2016): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2402-1008028487.

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39

Merian, Ernest. "19th IAEAC annual symposium on environmental analytical chemistry and 5th metal speciation workshop in groundwaters." TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 8, no. 9 (October 1989): 318–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-9936(89)87034-7.

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40

Turchin, M. Yu, S. V. Sukharev, A. V. Zabolotsky, A. V. Shestakov, A. A. Berdyshev, and A. V. Skripnik. "Development and implementation of an innovative metal receiver for the intermediate ladles of caster slab." NOVYE OGNEUPORY (NEW REFRACTORIES), no. 3 (April 30, 2019): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1683-4518-2019-3-3-7.

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The features of the working conditions of intermediate ladles of caster slab are considered on the example of the 27-ton units of the oxygen-converter workshop of PJSC «Severstal». The results of mathematical modeling of hydrodynamics in an intermediate ladle with different turbulence dampers of the incoming jet are given. Designed, patented and implemented metal receiver (brand REYNSTREAM / REINSTREAM®) with a wave-like inner surface, designed to improve the quality of continuously cast billets, as well as providing increased stability and processability of the continuous casting process through a special design.. Ill. 6. Ref. 7.

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Kryzhanovskyi, V. O. "RESIDUES OF THE PRODUCTION BUILDING ON KUDRYAVS’KA str. 24A IN KYIV." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 35, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2020.02.25.

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During the archaeological research of the Old Rus site on the Kudryavska st., 24A in Kyiv, in the historical area called «Kopyriv kinec», the remains of the manufactory building were discovered. The building has a frame-and-pillar structure, 4 Ч 4 m square, located in the eastern part of the excavation area. The stepped entrance adjoined the building from the southwest side. This building was cut in half by the modern building foundation. At its bottom, in addition to pits of different diameters, the small hearth was located. In the filling of the building a lot of various finds such as the fragments of various vessels, the objects from ferrous and non-ferrous metals, fragments of building materials, stone items, various slags, animal bones etc. were discovered. In the building filling the artifacts indicating its manufacture purpose have been discovered: the fragments of commercial copper — the raw materials for casting bronze products in the form of round rods with cross-sections with traces of chopping and riveting. Material for smelting followed by casting, like raw materials, used the colored scrap in the form of fragments of various copper or bronze products, melted and deformed under the influence of high temperature little bell, broken strips etc. Slag fragments, found in the building, clearly indicate the activity related to metal production and metal processing. Most likely, the main metallurgical workshop was placed nearby. Consequently, this manufactory building was probably the part of metallurgical complex. Obviously, it was engaged in the smelting of metal and the manufacture of non-ferrous metal items.

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Ferreira, Teresa, Hugo Moreiras, Ana Manhita, Paula Tomaz, José Mirão, Cristina B. Dias, and Ana T. Caldeira. "The Liturgical Cope of D. Teotónio of Braganza: Material Characterization of a 16th Century Pluviale." Microscopy and Microanalysis 21, no. 1 (November 12, 2014): 2–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927614013440.

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AbstractA 16th century liturgical cope belonging to D. Teotónio of Braganza (collection of the Museum of Évora, ME 172/1) was selected for a material study. The cope is made of a variety of materials that include two different types of metal threads, dyed silk yarns, and vegetable yarns used in the weft. Several samples from different points representing the different metal thread types and colored silk yarns were collected. Stereomicroscopy (optical microscopy) and scanning electron microscopy were used for morphological analysis of the textile fibers and evaluation of metal thread degradation products. Evaluation of mordants and metal thread composition was carried out by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Liquid chromatography with diode array and mass spectrometry detection was used for dye identification, which allowed the determination of three different red dye sources and one yellow dye source in the colored silk yarns. Although different fabrics were used in the manufacturing of the cope, similarities identified in the characterization of the materials suggest that a single workshop was involved in its making.

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Kusdiana, Dikdik, and Ardi Gunardi. "Pengembangan Produk Unggulan UMKM Kabupaten Sukabumi." TRIKONOMIKA 13, no. 2 (December 14, 2014): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/trikonomika.v13i2.611.

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Micro, Small and Medium enterprises (MSMEs), in national economy, have an important and strategic role. This research examines the main product development of MSMEs in Sukabumi regency. The analysis method used is Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). This method is used to identify MSMEs main products in several sectors appropriate to be developed. The result shows that the potential products of MSMEs in each sector, after conducting AHP analysis based on the criteria of uniqueness, market force and economic benefits, are mangosteen, metal processing and workshop services.

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Kazyaev, M. D., D. M. Kazyaev, E. V. Kiselev, A. M. Vokhmyakov, and D. I. Spitchenko. "THERMAL WORK OF CHAMBER FURNACE FOR HEATING FOR HARDENING OF THIN STEEL SHEET." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 62, no. 10 (November 3, 2019): 803–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2019-10-803-809.

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Increasing performance of steelmaking units is possible with changing methods of steel production. Such variances entail serio us changes in the subsequent redistributions: in metals processing by pressure and in thermal treatment of finished metal products. It is known that these two metallurgical processes are equipped with a large number of heating and thermal furnaces, and their thermal work does not always meet increased requirements for products quali ty. Issues of improving thermal performance of furnaces are also relevant in mechanical engineering. High technological requirements are associa ted with very strict environmental ones. Therefore, a new concept is needed for the design and construction of modern highly automated industrial heating furnaces. In order to improve the design and technical and economic indicators, technical obsolescence and the construction of new industrial furnaces are carried out. In design and construction of furnaces, fuel-burning devices of new designs and modern materials are used. In turn, this necessitates the use of new approaches to working space and heating system design of the furnace, taking into account arrangement of heated products charge. Such events are carried out, as a rule, in operating workshops, that causes certain difficulties due to limited space provided for placement of new furnaces and equipment for their operation and maintenance. A complex study was made of the design and thermal performance of a block of three chamber thermal furnaces. They were built in a limited space of the workshop with specific loading and delivery of heated thin sheet.

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Tomsia, Antoni P., Ramon Torrecillas, and Jose S. Moya. "Proceedings of the International Workshop on Interfaces: Ceramic and Metal Interfaces: Control at the Atomic Level." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 23, no. 15 (January 2003): 2727–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0955-2219(03)00282-6.

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Čargonja, Marija, Darko Mekterović, Paula Žurga, Jagoda Ravlić‐Gulan, Iva Bogdanović Radović, and Gordana Žauhar. "Elemental analysis of particulate matter in a metal workshop and of biological samples from exposed workers." X-Ray Spectrometry 50, no. 1 (September 18, 2020): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.3197.

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47

Doughty, Carolyn, Samson Tse, Natasha Duncan, and Leo McIntyre. "The Wellness Recovery Action Plan (WRAP): Workshop Evaluation." Australasian Psychiatry 16, no. 6 (January 1, 2008): 450–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10398560802043705.

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Objective: This study evaluated the delivery of a series of workshops on mental health recovery. The aims were to determine if the workshops changed participants’ attitudes and knowledge about recovery, if there were any differences in views between consumers and health professionals of mental health services, and how the delivery and content of the program could be improved. Methods: A total of 187 consumers and health professionals from mental health services attended a workshop based on the Wellness Recovery Action Plan (WRAP). Questionnaires were administered before and after the workshop. Results: There was a significant change in total attitudes and knowledge about recovery (p<0.001) in the expected direction, with no differences between consumers and health professionals. The majority of participants found the workshop useful, and the majority of comments were positive. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary support for the use of WRAP to change consumers’ and mental health professionals’ knowledge and attitudes about recovery.

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Fernández, A., G. Urbicain, A. Calleja, and L. N. López de Lacalle. "New Trends in Higher Education for a Thinner Approach to Technological Needs of Manufacturing Companies." Materials Science Forum 759 (July 2013): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.759.129.

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The High Performance Manufacturing Group is established and grows from the 80's until now within the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). The group's work focuses on teaching and research on manufacturing processes, primarily: metal removal processes, EDM, laser-processing techniques and grinding. To develop the investigations, the group has a workshop equipped with the latest technology machines manufactured by nearby companies of the machine tool sector. Furthermore, the workshop makes use of instrumentation systems for forces, temperatures or other parameters acquisition, in order to obtain the maximum amount of information from each test.With the objective of reducing the gap between industry and academic-scientific fields, it has been recently established the Machine Tool Unit. This initiative aims to provide advanced training in the field of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Technology. For this purpose, the unit gives strong theoretical formation along with practical training in companies and/or technological canters. Classes are taught both by own staff of the university as by external agents from research centers who develop R & D + i activities.

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Garbacz-Klempka, A., P. Makarowicz, and T. Tokarski. "The Analysis of Foundry Engineering of Copper Alloys Based on the Research of a Metallurgist Settlement in Szczepidło." Archives of Foundry Engineering 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2017-0009.

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Abstract The article presents chosen aspects of foundry engineering of the settlement dwellers, including the archaeometric characteristics and metal science analysis of the artefacts, as well as an attempted reconstruction of the production organization. Discovered in Szczepidło (Greater Poland), the foundry workshop is unique in Central European Bronze Age. This workshop foundry operated roughly XIV-XII Century BC. Its production is evidenced by the presence of markers of the whole production cycle: semi-finished and finished products, production waste, fragments of crucibles and casting ladles with traces of usage, and tools. On this basis, the alloys and foundry technologies used have been described. The analysis of foundry technology of copper alloys in the settlement area was carried out by observing the surface and structure of the products, semi-finished artefacts and fragments of crucibles by applying optical microscopy (OM), confocal microscopy (CLSM) and Xray radiography (RT). The investigations of compositions were made by means of the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (ED-XRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with an energy dispersive X-ray analysis system (EDS).

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Hidayat, Sho’im, Tri Martiana, and Putri Ayuni Alayyannur. "OPTIMALISASI POS UPAYA KESEHATAN KERJA PADA TENAGA KERJA SEKTOR INFORMAL DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS WARU, KABUPATEN SIDOARJO." Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Services) 3, no. 2 (June 10, 2020): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jlm.v3i2.2019.61-63.

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Tahun 2011, terdapat 99 industri kecil di Kecamatan Waru yang merupakan wilayah kerja dari Puskesmas Waru. Jumlah tersebut merupakan jumlah terbanyak di Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kelompok industri kecil yang menjadi sasaran program Pos Upaya Kesehatan Kerja (UKK) di wilayah Puskesmas Waru merupakan sasaran yang terbanyak pula di Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Penelitian oleh Wignjosoebroto, Arief dan Dwi tahun 2006 pada salah satu industri metal di daerah Ngingas, Waru, Sidoarjo menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 2 kecelakaan kerja di 2002, 3 kecelakaan kerja di 2003, dan 2 kecelakaan kerja di 2004. Optimalisasi Pos UKK dilakukan dengan beberapa kegiatan yaitu pemberdayaan petugas Puskesmas di Kabupaten Sidoarjo; brainstorming antara petugas dan sektor informal; pemberdayaan tenaga kerja sektor informal; mapping hazarddi tempat kerja; dan pembuatan program K3 pada sektor informal. Kegiatan pemberdayaan petugas Puskesmas meliputi workshop yang diikuti oleh seluruh petugas Puskesmas di wilayah kerja Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Sidoarjo yang memiliki hak dan tanggung jawab terkait kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja. Brainstorming antara petugas dan sektor informal dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi masalah yang terjadi dan mendapatkan kesepakatan tindak lanjutnya. Workshop pemberdayaan tenaga kerja sektor informal diberikan materi K3 secara umum, yang disampaikan oleh petugas Puskesmas yang sudah mengikuti workshop di Kabupaten. Mapping hazard di tempat kerja dilakukan untuk memudahkan pengelompokan hazard fisik, kimia, biologi, psikologi, dan ergonomi. Program K3 yang diusulkan pada anggaran daerah yaitu khusus untuk tenaga kerja sektorinformal. Sektor informal membutuhkan kehadiran negara dalam mengatasi kesehatan dan keselamatan kerjanya. Pembuatan program K3 ini juga dibarengi dengan pembuatan anggaran dana.

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