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Journal articles on the topic 'Metallic glass, bulk metallic glass composites, mechanical properties'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Eckert, J., J. Das, S. Pauly, and C. Duhamel. "Mechanical properties of bulk metallic glasses and composites." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 2 (February 2007): 285–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0050.

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The development of bulk metallic glasses and composites for improving the mechanical properties has occurred with the discovery of many ductile metallic glasses and glass matrix composites with second phase dispersions with different length scales. This article reviews the processing, microstructure development, and resulting mechanical properties of Zr-, Ti-, Cu-, Mg-, Fe-, and Ni-based glassy alloys and also considers the superiority of composite materials containing different phases for enhancing the strength, ductility, and toughness, even leading to a “work-hardening-like” behavior. The morphology, shape, and length scale of the second phase dispersions are crucial for the delocalization of shear bands. The article concludes with some comments regarding future directions of the investigations of spatially inhomogeneous metallic glasses.

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2

Wang, Yi Ming, Li Jing Zheng, and Shu Jie Pang. "Formation and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Cu-Al-Gd Bulk Metallic Glass Composites." Materials Science Forum 650 (May 2010): 290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.650.290.

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The effect of Al addition to Mg65Cu25Gd10 glassy alloy on the microstructure, thermal properties and mechanical properties were investigated. The Mg65Cu25-xAlxGd10 (x=1-7at. %) bulk metallic glass composites were formed by copper mold casting, and the fraction and size of the crystalline phases in the glassy matrix changed with the Al content. The Mg65Cu24Al1Gd10 glass composite consisted of a small amount of crystalline phases in the glassy matrix possesses high compressive strength up to about 850 MPa.

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3

Shin, Da Woon, Hong Min, and Jin Kyu Lee. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cu-Ni-Zr-Ti Bulk Metallic Glass Composites by Spark Plasma Sintering." Korean Journal of Metals and Materials 59, no. 5 (May 5, 2021): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3365/kjmm.2021.59.5.281.

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In the present study, Cu54Ni6Zr22Ti18 bulk metallic glass composites were developed by spark plasma sintering(SPS) using gas atomized Cu54Ni6Zr22Ti18 metallic glass powders and Ta powders. Metallic glass composites with Ta phase were fabricated by SPS. The successful consolidation of Cu54Ni6Zr22Ti18 metallic glass matrix composites with the Ta phase was achieved through the strong bonding due to the plastic deformation of the Ta powder and the super-plastic behavior of the metallic glass powder in the supercooled liquid state during SPS. The deformed Ta phases were well distributed in the Cu54Ni6Zr22Ti18 metallic glass matrix. The compressive fracture strength and total strain were 1770 Mpa and 10.2%, respectively, for the Cu54Ni6Zr22Ti18 bulk metallic glass composite with 40 wt% Ta phases. The uniformly dispersed deformed Ta phase in the Cu54Ni6Zr22Ti18 metallic glass matrix effectively impedes the propagation of the first shear band and generates a second shear band, causing a crossing of the shear bands, resulting in an improvement in plastic strain. This increase in plastic deformation is related to the fact that the deformed Ta phase, uniformly distributed in the Cu54Ni6Zr22Ti18 metallic glass matrix, acts as a source of shear bands and at the same time effectively suppresses the movement of the shear bands, dispersing the stress and causing wide plastic deformation.

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4

Wei, Ran, Juan Tao, Shi Lei Liu, Guo Wen Sun, Shuai Guo, and Fu Shan Li. "Effect of B2 Phase Transformation on the Mechanical Behavior of CuZr-Based Bulk Metallic Glass Composites." Materials Science Forum 898 (June 2017): 672–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.898.672.

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The mechanical behavior of CuZr-based bulk metallic glass composites with different B2-CuZr phase transformation ability was investigated. The B2 phase transformation is conducive to enhance the mechanical properties of CuZr-based bulk metallic glass composites. The mechanical properties of the austenitic B2 phase specimens were also studied to understand the mechanism of phase transformation effect. It was found that the B2 phase with martensitic transformation exhibits lower yield strength and stronger work-hardening capability than the B2 phase without martensitic transformation. Thus, the phase transformation effect of B2-CuZr phase, accompanying with its lower yield strength and stronger work-hardening capability, is the main reason for the CuZr-based bulk metallic glass composites possess outstanding mechanical properties.

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5

Lin, Hong Ming, Giin Shan Chen, and Pee Yew Lee. "Microstructure and Properties of Vacuum Hot-Pressing SiC/ Ti-Cu-Ni-Sn Bulk Metallic Glass Composites." Key Engineering Materials 351 (October 2007): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.351.26.

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In the present study, Ti50Cu28Ni15Sn7 metallic glass and its composite powders reinforced with 4~12 vol% of SiC additions were successfully prepared by mechanical alloying. The as-milled Ti50Cu28Ni15Sn7 and composite powders were then consolidated by vacuum hot pressing into disc compacts with a 10 mm diameter and thickness of 2 mm. The structure of the as-milled powders and consolidated compacts was characterized by X-ray diffraction. While the thermal stability was examined by differential scanning calorimeter. In addition, the mechanical property of the consolidated bulk metallic glass and its composite was evaluated by Vickers microhardness tests. In the ball-milled composites, initial SiC particles were homogeneously dispersed in the Ti-based alloy glassy matrix. The presence of SiC particles did not dramatically change the thermal stability of Ti50Cu28Ni15Sn7 glassy powders. BMG composite with submicron SiC particles homogeneously embedded in a highly dense nanocrystalline/amorphous matrix was successfully prepared. A significant hardness increase with SiC additions was noticed for consolidated composite compacts.

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6

Sun, B. A., K. P. Cheung, J. T. Fan, J. Lu, and W. H. Wang. "Fiber metallic glass laminates." Journal of Materials Research 25, no. 12 (December 2010): 2287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2010.0291.

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The fabrication and properties of fiber metallic glass laminates (FMGL) composite composed of Al-based metallic glasses ribbons and fiber/epoxy layers were reported. The metallic glass composite possesses structural features of low density and high specific strength compared to Al-based metallic glass and crystalline Al alloys. The material shows pronounced tensile ductility compared to monolithic bulk metallic glasses.

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7

Chen, Gang, Xiao Wei Chen, and Xiao Xia Pan. "Investigation on Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Tungsten Fiber Reinforced Metallic Glass Composite." Advanced Materials Research 338 (September 2011): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.338.38.

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Recently developed bulk metallic glass (BMG) alloys have attractive mechanical properties for structural applications, and tungsten fiber reinforced bulk metallic glass matrix composite(BMGC) would further improve the properties compared to un-reinforced BMG. With INSTRON1196 test machine system and SHPB experimental system, quasi-static and dynamic compression experiments on tungsten fiber reinforced bulk metallic glass matrix composite were carried out. The material flow stress is about 2200MPa in quasi-static, and the dynamic flow stress of the material is around 2800MPa with strain rate of 740 s-1. The specimen fails with the form of axial cracks

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8

Wang, Q., J. M. Pelletier, J. J. Blandin, and M. Suéry. "Mechanical properties over the glass transition of Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 bulk metallic glass." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 351, no. 27-29 (August 2005): 2224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2005.06.012.

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9

Fu, X. L., Y. Li, and C. A. Schuh. "Homogeneous flow of bulk metallic glass composites with a high volume fraction of reinforcement." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 6 (June 2007): 1564–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0191.

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We present a systematic study of homogeneous deformation in a La-based bulk metallic glass and two in situ composites based on the same glass. In contrast to prior investigations, which focused on relatively dilute composites, in this work the reinforcement volume percentages were more concentrated at 37% and 52%—near or above the percolation threshold (35–40%). Hot uniaxial compressive testing was conducted over a wide strain rate range from 10−2to 10−5s−1at a temperature near the glass transition. For such concentrated composites, the homogeneous deformation behavior appeared to be dominated by the properties of the reinforcement phase; in the present case the La reinforcements deformed by glide-controlled creep. Post-deformation analysis suggested that bulk metallic glass matrix composites were susceptible to microstructural evolution, which appeared to be enhanced by deformation, in contrast with a stress-free anneal. Consequently, unreinforced bulk metallic glass appeared to be more structurally stable than its composites during deformation near the glass transition.

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10

Luo, Yu, Leilei Xing, Yidong Jiang, Ruiwen Li, Chao Lu, Rongguang Zeng, Jinru Luo, Pengcheng Zhang, and Wei Liu. "Additive Manufactured Large Zr-Based Bulk Metallic Glass Composites with Desired Deformation Ability and Corrosion Resistance." Materials 13, no. 3 (January 28, 2020): 597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030597.

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Zr-based bulk metallic glasses have been attracting tremendous interest of researchers because of their unique combination of mechanical and chemical properties. However, their application is limited as large-scale production is difficult due to the limitation of cooling rate. Recently, additive manufacturing technology has been proposed as a new solution for fabricating bulk metallic glasses without size limitation. In this study, selective laser melting technology was used to prepare Zr60Fe10Cu20Al10 bulk metallic glass. The laser parameters for fabricating full dense amorphous specimens were investigated. The mechanical and corrosion resistance properties of the prepared samples were measured by micro-compression and electrochemical corrosion testing, respectively. Lastly, Zr60Fe10Cu20Al10 bulk metallic glass (BMG) with dispersed nano-crystals was made, and good deformation ability was revealed during micro-compression test. The corrosion resistance decreased a bit due to the crystalline phases. The results provide a promising route for manufacturing large and complex bulk metallic glasses with better mechanical property and acceptable corrosion resistance.

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11

FAN, CANG, C. T. LIU, and H. G. YAN. "MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BULK METALLIC GLASSES AT CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES." Modern Physics Letters B 23, no. 23 (September 10, 2009): 2703–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984909020928.

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Metallic glasses (amorphous alloys) consist of atomic clusters, interconnecting zones and free volume. The atomic clusters are connected together, resulting in the formation of a rigid skeleton through the interconnecting zones. Some metallic glasses even contain crystalline structures at the nanoscale. Even though there is supposed to be no structural change at temperatures below the glass transition temperature, metallic glasses exhibit different mechanical behaviors at cryogenic temperatures. Contrary to crystalline materials, the strength and ductility of some metallic glasses and their composites both show a significant increase with decreasing temperature in the cryogenic temperature range. This paper briefly reviews these phenomena.

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12

Li, Zhengkun, Xindong Qin, Zhengwang Zhu, Huameng Fu, Aimin Wang, Hong Li, Hongwei Zhang, Yangde Li, and Haifeng Zhang. "Laminar TiZr-based bulk metallic glass composites with improved mechanical properties." Materials Science and Engineering: A 726 (May 2018): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2018.04.089.

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13

Shamlaye, Karl F., Kevin J. Laws, and Michael Ferry. "Fabrication of Bulk Metallic Glass Composites at Low Processing Temperatures." Materials Science Forum 773-774 (November 2013): 461–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.773-774.461.

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Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are amorphous alloys that exhibit unique mechanical properties such as high strength due to their liquid-like structure in the vitreous solid state. While they usually exhibit low ductility, they can be toughened by incorporating secondary phase particles within the amorphous matrix via composite fabrication to generate amorphous metal matrix composites (MMCs). Traditional MMCs are fabricated at high temperature in the liquid state with tedious blending processes. This high temperature processing route often leads to unwanted reactions at the reinforcement/matrix interface, creating brittle intermetallic by-products and damaging the reinforcement. In the present work, novel bulk metallic glass composites (BMGCs) were fabricated at low processing temperatures via thermoplastic forming (TPF) above the glass transition temperature of the amorphous matrix. Here, the unique thermophysical features of the matrix material allow for TPF of composites in non-sacrificial moulds incorporating various types of reinforcement, via processing in the solid state at low temperatures (less than 200 °C), within a short timeframe (less than 10 minutes); this avoids the formation of brittle phases at the reinforcement/matrix interface leading to efficient bonding between particles and matrix, thereby creating a tough, low density composite material.

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14

He, Tianbing, Nevaf Ciftci, Volker Uhlenwinkel, and Sergio Scudino. "Synthesis of Bulk Zr48Cu36Al8Ag8 Metallic Glass by Hot Pressing of Amorphous Powders." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 5, no. 1 (March 9, 2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp5010023.

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The critical cooling rate necessary for glass formation via melt solidification poses inherent constraints on sample size using conventional casting techniques. This drawback can be overcome by pressure-assisted sintering of metallic glass powders at temperatures above the glass transition, where the material shows viscous-flow behavior. Partial crystallization during sintering usually exacerbates the inherent brittleness of metallic glasses and thus needs to be avoided. In order to achieve high density of the bulk specimens while avoiding (or minimizing) crystallization, the optimal combination between low viscosity and long incubation time for crystallization must be identified. Here, by carefully selecting the time–temperature window for powder consolidation, we synthesized highly dense Zr48Cu36Ag8Al8 bulk metallic glass (BMG) with mechanical properties comparable with its cast counterpart. The larger ZrCu-based BMG specimens fabricated in this work could then be post-processed by flash-annealing, offering the possibility to fabricate monolithic metallic glasses and glass–matrix composites with enhanced room-temperature plastic deformation.

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15

Qiao, J. W., P. Feng, Y. Zhang, Q. M. Zhang, P. K. Liaw, and G. L. Chen. "Quasi-static and dynamic deformation behaviors of in situ Zr-based bulk-metallic-glass-matrix composites." Journal of Materials Research 25, no. 12 (December 2010): 2264–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2010.0289.

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Quasi-static and dynamic deformation behaviors of Zr-based bulk-metallic-glass-matrix composites, fabricated by Bridgman solidification, were investigated in this study. Upon quasi-static compressive loading, the composites exhibit ultrahigh strength, accompanied by considerable plasticity. The multiplication of shear bands on the lateral surface of deformed samples, and the highly-dense liquid drops on the fracture surface, are in agreement with the improved plasticity. However, upon dynamic loading, the mechanical properties of the composites deteriorate considerably, due to insufficient time to form profuse shear bands. The strain-rate responses of the mechanical properties of the crystalline alloys and the in situ and ex situ bulk metallic glass composites are compared, and the different deformation mechanisms of the in situ composites upon quasi-static and dynamic loading are explained.

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16

Park, J. S., H. K. Lim, J. H. Kim, J. M. Park, W. T. Kim, and D. H. Kim. "Shear band formation and mechanical properties of cold-rolled bulk metallic glass and metallic glass matrix composite." Journal of Materials Science 40, no. 8 (April 2005): 1937–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-005-1214-6.

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17

Xiong, Jiao, Yong Liu, Anshan Yu, Bin Liu, Kai Yu, Xinhua Huang, and X. J. Yang. "Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti48Zr18V12Cu5Be17 bulk metallic glass composite." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 741 (April 2018): 1212–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.01.176.

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18

Kim, Choong Nyun Paul, Frigyes Szuecs, and William L. Johnson. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ductile Phase Containing Bulk Metallic Glass Composites." Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials 10 (January 2001): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jmnm.10.49.

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19

Kim, Choong Nyun Paul, Frigyes Szuecs, and William L. Johnson. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ductile Phase Containing Bulk Metallic Glass Composites." Materials Science Forum 360-362 (January 2001): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.360-362.49.

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20

Qin, Chunling, Wei Zhang, Kenji Amiya, Katsuhiko Asami, and Akihisa Inoue. "Mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of (Cu0.6Hf0.25Ti0.15)90Nb10 bulk metallic glass composites." Materials Science and Engineering: A 449-451 (March 2007): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2006.02.244.

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21

Yin, Jian, Guangyin Yuan, Zhenhua Chu, Jian Zhang, and W. J. Ding. "Formation, microstructure, and mechanical properties of in situ Mg–Ni–(Gd,Nd) bulk metallic glass composite." Journal of Materials Research 24, no. 12 (December 2009): 3603–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2009.0438.

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Based on a ternary Mg75Ni15Gd10 metallic glass former, a new Mg80Ni12Gd4Nd4 bulk metallic glass composite (BMGC) was developed by tailoring the compositions of Mg and rare earth (RE) elements. This BMGC displayed compressive ultimate strength over 900 MPa with a total strain to failure of 4.3% and specific strength of 3.12 × 105 Nm/kg. The improved mechanical properties were attributed to a “dual phases” structure consisting of Mg solid solution flakes and glassy matrix in the Mg80Ni12Gd4Nd4 BMGC. The homogeneously dispersed Mg phases reinforcement in the BMGC were characterized as a long period ordered structure (LPOS) with periodic arrays of six close-packed planes distorted from the ideal hexagonal lattice of 6H-type. The LPOS-Mg in the composite can act as a soft media to trap or interact with the unstable shear bands and contribute to plastic strain. The present study may provide a guideline for designing the Mg–TM–RE-based (TM: transition metals) BMGCs with “dual phases” structures.

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22

Jiang, F., Z. B. Zhang, L. He, J. Sun, H. Zhang, and Z. F. Zhang. "The effect of primary crystallizing phases on mechanical properties of Cu46Zr47Al7 bulk metallic glass composites." Journal of Materials Research 21, no. 10 (October 2006): 2638–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2006.0315.

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Cu46Zr47Al7 bulk metallic glass (BMG) and its composites in plate with different thicknesses up to 6 mm were prepared by copper mold casting. Primary crystallizing phases with different microstructures and volume fractions could be obtained under different cooling rates, forming some composites with different mechanical properties. Under compression tests, the 2-mm-thick monolithic BMG has a yield strength of 1894 MPa and a high fracture strength of up to 2250 MPa at plastic strain up to 6%, exhibiting apparent “work-hardening” behavior. The 4-mm-thick Cu46Zr47Al7 BMG composite containing martensite phase yields at 1733 MPa and finally fails at 1964 MPa with a plastic strain of 3.7%.

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23

Szuecs, F., C. P. Kim, and W. L. Johnson. "Mechanical properties of Zr56.2Ti13.8Nb5.0Cu6.9Ni5.6Be12.5 ductile phase reinforced bulk metallic glass composite." Acta Materialia 49, no. 9 (May 2001): 1507–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6454(01)00068-4.

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24

Szuecs, Frigyes, Choong Nyun Paul Kim, and William L. Johnson. "Preparation, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Containing Bulk Metallic Glass Composites." Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials 10 (January 2001): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jmnm.10.43.

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25

Wong, Pei, Tsung Lee, Pei Tsai, Cheng Cheng, Chuan Li, Jason Jang, and J. Huang. "Enhanced Mechanical Properties of MgZnCa Bulk Metallic Glass Composites with Ti-Particle Dispersion." Metals 6, no. 5 (May 17, 2016): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met6050116.

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26

Fei, Jiang, Chen Guang, Wang Zhihua, Cao Yang, Cheng Jialin, and Chen Guoliang. "Mechanical Properties of Tungsten Fiber Reinforced (Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5)100-xNbx Bulk Metallic Glass Composites." Rare Metal Materials and Engineering 40, no. 2 (February 2011): 206–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1875-5372(11)60016-7.

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27

Szuecs, Frigyes, Choong Nyun Paul Kim, and William L. Johnson. "Preparation, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Containing Bulk Metallic Glass Composites." Materials Science Forum 360-362 (January 2001): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.360-362.43.

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28

Liu, Tao, Ping Shen, Feng Qiu, Zhongfa Yin, Qiaoli Lin, Qichuan Jiang, and Tao Zhang. "Synthesis and mechanical properties of TiC-reinforced Cu-based bulk metallic glass composites." Scripta Materialia 60, no. 2 (January 2009): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2008.09.004.

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29

Song, K. K., S. Pauly, Y. Zhang, B. A. Sun, J. He, G. Z. Ma, U. Kühn, and J. Eckert. "Thermal stability and mechanical properties of Cu46Zr46Ag8 bulk metallic glass and its composites." Materials Science and Engineering: A 559 (January 2013): 711–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.09.013.

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30

Zhang, Qing-sheng, Wei Zhang, Guo-qiang Xie, and Akihisa Inoue. "Synthesis, structure and mechanical properties of Zr-Cu-based bulk metallic glass composites." International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials 17, no. 2 (April 2010): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12613-010-0215-x.

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31

Kim, Byoung Jin, Young Su Yun, Won Tae Kim, and Do Hyang Kim. "Phase formation and mechanical properties of Cu-Zr-Ti bulk metallic glass composites." Metals and Materials International 22, no. 6 (October 30, 2016): 1026–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12540-016-6386-x.

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32

Ding, Junfeng, Zengqian Liu, Hui Wang, and Tao Zhang. "Large-sized CuZr-based Bulk Metallic Glass Composite with Enhanced Mechanical Properties." Journal of Materials Science & Technology 30, no. 6 (June 2014): 590–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2014.01.014.

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33

Biletska, Olga, Kevin J. Laws, Mark Gibson, and Michael Ferry. "Production of Mg-Based Bulk Metallic Glass Composites with High Magnesium Content." Materials Science Forum 773-774 (November 2013): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.773-774.263.

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In this work, in-situ BMG composites based on the Mg-Ni-Gd system with high Mg content (>80 at. %) were produced by copper mould gravity and injection casting methods. The morphology, distribution and volume fraction of the crystalline phases that form in the amorphous matrix was shown to be influenced by cooling rate, composition and casting parameters. Hence, the mechanical properties and deformation behaviour of Mg-Ni-RE BMG composites can be tailored by controlling the microstructure generated during casting.

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Ma, Han, Ling-Ling Shi, Jian Xu, and En Ma. "Chill-cast in situ composites in the pseudo-ternary Mg–(Cu,Ni)–Y glass-forming system: Microstructure and compressive properties." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 2 (February 2007): 314–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0032.

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Starting with a bulk metallic glass-forming alloy Mg65Cu18Ni6Y11, we prepared in situ composites by increasing the Mg content in a series of alloys, Mgx(Cu0.51Ni0.17Y0.32)100−x (65 ≤ x ≤ 90), via copper mold casting of rods 4 mm in diameter. The fully glassy alloy at x = 65 showed a compressive fracture strength of 755 MPa but no observable macroscopic plasticity prior to failure. Metallic glass-based composites were formed when the Mg content was increased. For x > 80, the glassy phase no longer existed in the as-cast rods. In the composition range of 80 ≤ x ≤ 85, needle-shaped Mg solution with a 14H-type long period stacking (LPS) structure appeared as the primary phase in the as-cast microstructure. On further increase of the Mg content up to x = 90, the solidified primary phase became 2H-Mg, coexisting with the remaining eutectic structure. The best combination of mechanical properties was obtained for the alloy at x = 81.5, which showed a fracture strength of 665 MPa and a compressive plastic strain of 11.6%. The specific strength of this alloy was 2.8 × 105 N m kg−1, much higher than conventional cast magnesium alloys. The mechanical properties are discussed in light of the phase selection and microstructural features uncovered in microscopy examinations.

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35

Bian, Zan, Tao Zhang, Hidemi Kato, Masashi Hasegawa, and Akihisa Inoue. "Mechanical Properties and Fracture Characteristics of Zr-Based Bulk Metallic Glass Composites Containing Carbon Nanotube Addition." Journal of Materials Research 19, no. 4 (April 2004): 1068–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2004.0140.

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Mechanical properties and fracture characteristics of Zr-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) composites containing carbon nanotube (CNT) addition were investigated in detail. The interfacial reaction between the added CNTs and the glass matrix causes the formation of some V-shape nicks on the residual CNTs. These nicks have significant effect on the mechanical properties and fracture modes of the BMG composites. The compressive fracture strength increases with increasing the volume fraction of CNT addition at first, and starts to decrease gradually when the volume fraction of CNT addition is more than 5.0%. The fracture modes of the BMG composites also change from typical shear flow deformation behavior to completely embrittling fracture gradually. The V-shape nicks originating from the interfacial reaction are responsible for the decrease of fracture strength and the variation of fracture modes.

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36

Wang, Hao. "The Role of Casting Temperature in Preparation of Bulk Metallic Glasses." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 1671–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.1671.

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In the past research on bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) has been concentrated on searching for alloy composition to obtain high glass forming ability. Very few studies are on the effect of processing condition on glass forming ability of BMGs. In this study, we have prepared CuZr-based BMGs at different casting temperatures. Increasing casting temperature increases glass forming ability and decreases the amount of the crystalline phase during BMG solidification. At a high casting temperature 1723 K, fully amorphous sample is obtained at a size of 2 mm in diameter. While under the lower casting temperatures (1523 K and 1323 K), crystalline CuZr phases exist. The formation of the crystalline phase is attributed to the initial crystals or cluster survived in the BMG melt during ingot remelting. The study indicates that casting temperature can be used as the controlling parameter to produce purely amorphous materials or crystalline CuZr-phase reinforced BMG composites, and the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the BMG composites can be tailored by the amount of the crystalline phase existed in the materials.

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37

Kim, Ji-Hun, Joo Yun Lee, Jin Man Park, Eric Fleury, Won Tae Kim, and Do Hyang Kim. "Glass Forming Ability and Mechanical Properties of Misch Metal-Based Bulk Metallic Glass Matrix Composite." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 45, no. 4 (2004): 1395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.45.1395.

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38

Zhou, Jie, Honghui Wu, Yuan Wu, Wenli Song, Rong Chen, Chengwen Tan, Guoliang Xie, et al. "Enhancing dynamic mechanical properties of bulk metallic glass composites via deformation-induced martensitic transformation." Scripta Materialia 186 (September 2020): 346–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2020.05.012.

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39

Zhai, Haimin, Haifeng Wang, and Feng Liu. "Effects of Sn addition on mechanical properties of Ti-based bulk metallic glass composites." Materials & Design 110 (November 2016): 782–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.08.051.

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40

Zhou, D. Q., Y. Wu, H. Wang, X. D. Hui, X. J. Liu, and Z. P. Lu. "Alloying effects on mechanical properties of the Cu–Zr–Al bulk metallic glass composites." Computational Materials Science 79 (November 2013): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2013.06.025.

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Lim, H. K., E. S. Park, J. S. Park, W. T. Kim, and D. H. Kim. "Fabrication and mechanical properties of WC particulate reinforced Cu47Ti33Zr11Ni6Sn2Si1 bulk metallic glass matrix composites." Journal of Materials Science 40, no. 23 (September 8, 2005): 6127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-005-3168-0.

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42

Liu, Zengqian, Ran Li, Gang Liu, Wenhuang Su, Hui Wang, Yan Li, Minjie Shi, Xuekun Luo, Guojuan Wu, and Tao Zhang. "Microstructural tailoring and improvement of mechanical properties in CuZr-based bulk metallic glass composites." Acta Materialia 60, no. 6-7 (April 2012): 3128–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2012.02.017.

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43

Gargarella, P., S. Pauly, M. Samadi Khoshkhoo, U. Kühn, and J. Eckert. "Phase formation and mechanical properties of Ti–Cu–Ni–Zr bulk metallic glass composites." Acta Materialia 65 (February 2014): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2013.10.068.

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44

Ma, Yunfei, Xuefeng Tang, Xin Wang, Mao Zhang, Huie Hu, Pan Gong, and Xinyun Wang. "Preparation and mechanical properties of tungsten-particle-reinforced Zr-based bulk-metallic-glass composites." Materials Science and Engineering: A 815 (May 2021): 141312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.141312.

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45

Zhang, J., Y. P. Feng, and Y. Li. "Bulk metallic glass formation, composite, and magnetic propertiesof Fe-B-Nd based alloys." Journal of Materials Research 24, no. 2 (February 2009): 357–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2009.0074.

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The glass formation in Fe-rich ternary Fe-B-Nd and quaternary (Fe,B,Nd)96Nb4 alloys has been studied and the best ternary and quaternary glass formers are located at Fe67B23Nd10 and (Fe68B25Nd7)Nb4 with critical diameters of 1 and 4 mm, respectively. For (Fe,B,Nd)96Nb4 alloys, the competing phases with glass were identified by monitoring the microstructure change. Fe14Nd2B was discovered to be one competing phase, which is the principle magnetic phase for Nd-Fe-B hard magnets. Composites with uniformly distributed Fe14Nd2B were formed for quaternary alloys with a diameter of 1.5 to 3 mm. Bulk hard magnets could be obtained by directly annealing the composites in a compositional area. A hard magnet with a coercivity of 1,100 kAm−1 and a maximum energy product, (BH)max, of 33 kJm–3 was obtained at (Fe67B23Nd10)96Nb4 by annealing. The combination of hard magnetic properties and the large critical sample size may make these alloys a commercially viable candidate for industrial applications.

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46

Petersen, Alexander S., Andrew M. Cheung, Henry J. Neilson, S. Joseph Poon, Gary J. Shiflet, and John J. Lewandowski. "Processing and Properties of Ni-Based Bulk Metallic Glass via Spark Plasma Sintering of Pulverized Amorphous Ribbons." MRS Advances 2, no. 61 (2017): 3815–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.605.

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ABSTRACTNi-based bulk metallic glasses and composites with high absolute densities exceeding 11 g/cm3 were synthesized via spark plasma sintering of Ni45Co10Ta25Nb20 powders produced from pulverized, melt-spun amorphous ribbons. Optimizing the synthesis via selection of sintering temperature, uniaxial load pressure, and powder mechanical screening yielded samples with relative densities of nearly 100% and hardness values in excess of 12.5 GPa without cracking. Mechanical testing included Weibull modulus determination for hardness and compression testing at 10-3 s-1 and 103 s-1 strain rates. The capability of using spark plasma sintering to fabricate high hardness, high density, large scale metallic glasses is demonstrated. The mechanical properties of these compacted comminuted melt-spun glass ribbons are presented.

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Hitoo, Tokunaga, Fujita Kazutaka, and Yokoyama Yoshihiko. "Shape Memory Behavior of Zr-Cu-Al Bulk Metallic Glass Matrix Composite." Materials Science Forum 783-786 (May 2014): 1949–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.1949.

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Zr-Cu-Al bulk metallic glass matrix composite with the intermetallic compound ZrCu (B2) phase was fabricated. The effect of the ZrCu phase on mechanical properties and deformation behavior of the composite was investigated by compressive test. Also, phase transformation behavior of the ZrCu phase was analyzed by X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, macroscopic shape memory behavior was investigated using the composite by three point bending test. As the results, it was found that the mechanical properties of the composite depend on the volume fraction of the precipitated ZrCu phase. Compressive strength and yield stress of the composite decrease with increase of volume fraction of the ZrCu phase. On the other hand, plastic strain increases with increase of volume fraction of the ZrCu phase. In addition, it was confirmed that a stress-induced martensitic transformation of the ZrCu phase occurs by compressive stress loading. Furthermore, it was found that the composite with high volume fraction of the ZrCu phase exhibits shape memory effect.

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Bian, Pei-Liang, Tian-Liang Liu, Hai Qing, and Cun-Fa Gao. "2D Micromechanical Modeling and Simulation of Ta-Particles Reinforced Bulk Metallic Glass Matrix Composite." Applied Sciences 8, no. 11 (November 8, 2018): 2192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8112192.

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The influence of particle shape, orientation, and volume fractions, as well as loading conditions, on the mechanical behavior of Ta particles reinforced with bulk metallic glass matrix composite is investigated in this work. A Matlab program is developed to output the MSC.Patran Command Language (PCL) in order to generate automatically two-dimensional (2D) micromechanical finite element (FE) models, in which particle shapes, locations, orientations, and dimensions are determined through a few random number generators. With the help of the user-defined material subroutine (UMAT) in ABAQUS, an implicit numerical method based on the free volume model has been implemented to describe the mechanical response of bulk metallic glass. A series of computational experiments are performed to study the influence of particle shapes, orientations, volume fractions, and loading conditions of the representative volume cell (RVC) on its composite mechanical properties.

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Martin, Morgana, Laszlo Kecskes, and Naresh N. Thadhani. "High-strain-rate dynamic mechanical behavior of a bulk metallic glass composite." Journal of Materials Research 23, no. 4 (April 2008): 998–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2008.0119.

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The high-strain-rate mechanical properties, deformation mechanisms, and fracture characteristics of a bulk metallic glass (BMG)-matrix composite, consisting of an amorphous Zr57Nb5Cu15.4Ni12.6Al10 (LM106) matrix with crystalline tungsten reinforcement particles, were investigated using gas gun anvil-on-rod impact experiments instrumented with velocity interferometry (VISAR) and high-speed digital photography. The time-resolved elastic-plastic wave propagation response obtained through VISAR and the transient deformation states captured with the camera provided information about dynamic strength and deformation modes of the composite. Comparison of experimental measurements with AUTODYN-simulated transient deformation profiles and free surface velocity traces allowed for validation of the pressure-hardening Drucker–Prager model, which was used to describe the deformation response of the composite. The impacted specimens recovered for post-impact microstructural analysis provided further information about the mechanisms of dynamic deformation and fracture characteristics. The overall results from experiments and modeling revealed a strain to failure of ∼45% along the length and ∼7% in area, and the fracture initiation stress was found to decrease with increasing impact velocity because of the negative strain-rate sensitivity of the BMG.

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Plummer, J. D., I. A. Figueroa, and I. Todd. "Phase stability, microstructure and mechanical properties of Li containing Mg-based bulk metallic glass composites." Materials Science and Engineering: A 546 (June 2012): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.03.034.

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