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Journal articles on the topic 'Metallic/trace'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Magdalena Richter and Henryk Matusiewicz. "Review of the local tissue reaction to metallic spinal implant debris: Ions and nanoparticles." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 9, no. 3 (March 30, 2021): 167–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.9.3.0085.

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Biologic reactivity to implant debris is the primary determinant of long-term clinical performance. The metallic implants placed in human bodies can exhibit electrochemical or mechanical corrosion that yields in the liberation of metallic products. Such implants-derived metal wear products can be present in the form of metal ions and particulate metal debris with still unknown effects on human health. In situ generation of metallic wear particles, corrosion products and in vivo trace metal ions release from metal and metallic alloys implanted into the body in spine surgery is becoming a major cause for concern regarding the health and safety of patients. In vivo clinical studies addressing the adverse local tissue reaction effects of metallic wear products on surrounding soft tissues and bodily fluids are less numerous. Although numerous studies have focused on the clinical significance of corrosion and wear of hip and knee replacements, research involving spine instrumentation is not well documented. This review explores how migration of metallic wear nanoparticles and trace metal ions in the area of metallic spinal implants influences the surrounding tissues and bodily fluids, and what the clinical consequences of this process may be.

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2

Sastry, M. D. "Atomic Spectroscopy for Trace Metallic Assay of Nuclear Fuels." Materials Science Forum 48-49 (January 1991): 381–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.48-49.381.

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3

Kato, Takahiro, Hirokazu Okawa, Katsuyasu Sugawara, Risehiro Nonaka, and Masashi Tsuda. "Separation of Trace Magnesium from Metallic Bismuth by Chlorination." JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 53, no. 7 (July 20, 2020): 366–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/jcej.20we023.

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4

Ashino, Tetsuya, Naofumi Ohtsu, and Kazuaki Wagatsuma. "Trace Analysis of Released Metallic Ions in Static Immersion Test for Characterization of Metallic Biomaterials." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 73, no. 9 (2009): 728–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.73.728.

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5

Ashino, Tetsuya, Naofumi Ohtsu, and Kazuaki Wagatsuma. "Trace Analysis of Released Metallic Ions in Static Immersion Test for Characterization of Metallic Biomaterials." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 49, no. 6 (2008): 1342–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.mra2007325.

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6

Cheng, Hao, Yangjun Mao, Yunhao Lu, Peng Zhang, Jian Xie, and Xinbing Zhao. "Trace fluorinated-carbon-nanotube-induced lithium dendrite elimination for high-performance lithium–oxygen cells." Nanoscale 12, no. 5 (2020): 3424–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr09749j.

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7

Muszyńska, Ewa, and Mateusz Labudda. "Dual Role of Metallic Trace Elements in Stress Biology—From Negative to Beneficial Impact on Plants." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 13 (June 26, 2019): 3117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133117.

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Heavy metals are an interesting group of trace elements (TEs). Some of them are minutely required for normal plant growth and development, while others have unknown biological actions. They may cause injury when they are applied in an elevated concentration, regardless of the importance for the plant functioning. On the other hand, their application may help to alleviate various abiotic stresses. In this review, both the deleterious and beneficial effects of metallic trace elements from their uptake by roots and leaves, through toxicity, up to the regulation of physiological and molecular mechanisms that are associated with plant protection against stress conditions have been briefly discussed. We have highlighted the involvement of metallic ions in mitigating oxidative stress by the activation of various antioxidant enzymes and emphasized the phenomenon of low-dose stimulation that is caused by non-essential, potentially poisonous elements called hormesis, which is recently one of the most studied issues. Finally, we have described the evolutionary consequences of long-term exposure to metallic elements, resulting in the development of unique assemblages of vegetation, classified as metallophytes, which constitute excellent model systems for research on metal accumulation and tolerance. Taken together, the paper can provide a novel insight into the toxicity concept, since both dose- and genotype-dependent response to the presence of metallic trace elements has been comprehensively explained.

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8

ONO, Hiroshi. "Simultaneous determination of trace amounts of multielements in metallic materials." BUNSEKI KAGAKU 49, no. 3 (2000): 209–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/bunsekikagaku.49.209.

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9

Chizzola, R. "METALLIC TRACE ELEMENTS IN HERBS AND SPICES GROWN IN AUSTRIA." Acta Horticulturae, no. 249 (September 1989): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1989.249.10.

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10

Kl�ck, W., H. Palme, and H. J. Tobschall. "Trace elements in natural metallic iron from Disko Island, Greenland." Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 93, no. 3 (July 1986): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00389387.

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11

Makino, Yoshiki, Yasuo Kuroki, and Takafumi Hirata. "Determination of major to trace elements in metallic materials based on the solid mixing calibration method using multiple spot-laser ablation-ICP-MS." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 34, no. 9 (2019): 1794–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ja00181f.

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12

Lin, Qingyu, Xiaodan Han, Jie Wang, Zhimei Wei, Kunping Liu, and Yixiang Duan. "Ultra-trace metallic element detection in liquid samples using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy based on matrix conversion and crosslinked PVA polymer membrane." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 31, no. 8 (2016): 1622–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ja00177g.

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A novel, sensitive method based on crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was developed for determining trace-amounts of metallic elements in liquid samples using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS).

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13

Miyashita, Chihiro, Yasuaki Saijo, Yoshiya Ito, Atsuko Ikeda-Araki, Sachiko Itoh, Keiko Yamazaki, Sumitaka Kobayashi, et al. "Association between the Concentrations of Metallic Elements in Maternal Blood during Pregnancy and Prevalence of Abdominal Congenital Malformations: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (September 26, 2021): 10103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910103.

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Abdominal congenital malformations are responsible for early mortality, inadequate nutrient intake, and infant biological dysfunction. Exposure to metallic elements in utero is reported to be toxic and negatively impacts ontogeny. However, no prior study has sufficiently evaluated the effects of exposure to metallic elements in utero on abdominal congenital malformations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate associations between metallic elements detected in maternal blood during pregnancy and congenital abdominal malformations. Data from participants in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study was used in the present study, and contained information on singleton and live birth infants without congenital abnormalities (control: n = 89,134) and abdominal malformations (case: n = 139). Heavy metals such as mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and trace elements of manganese (Mn) and selenium (Se) were detected in maternal serum samples during mid- and late-gestation. Infant congenital abnormalities were identified from delivery records at birth or one month after birth by medical doctors. In a multivariate analysis adjusted to account for potential confounders, quartiles of heavy metals and trace elements present in maternal blood were not statistically correlated to the prevalence of abdominal congenital malformations at birth. This study is the first to reveal the absence of significant associations between exposure levels to maternal heavy metals and trace elements in utero and the prevalence of abdominal congenital malformations in a large cohort of the Japanese population. Further studies are necessary to investigate the impact of exposure to heavy metals and trace elements via maternal blood in offspring after birth.

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14

Takeshita, Hiroyuki T., Takuya Kagawa, Ryosuke O. Suzuki, Toshio Oishi, and Katsutoshi Ono. "Quantitative SIMS Analysis of Trace Metallic Impurities in High Purity Copper." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 60, no. 3 (1996): 290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.60.3_290.

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15

Grassi, B., G. M. La Vecchia, S. Manera, A. Salvini, and A. Zenoni. "Determination of trace elements in metallic materials by neutron activation analysis." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 41 (May 1, 2006): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/41/1/031.

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16

Aruguete, Deborah M., Mitsuhiro Murayama, Terry Blakney, and Christopher Winkler. "Enhanced release of palladium and platinum from catalytic converter materials exposed to ammonia and chloride bearing solutions." Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 21, no. 1 (2019): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8em00370j.

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Results suggest that systems with elevated salinity and trace ammonia could induce release of palladium/platinum from emitted vehicle catalytic converter (VCC) materials; electron microscopy suggests the presence of non-metallic palladium in VCCs.

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17

Henryk Matusiewicz and Magdalena Richter. "Potentially toxic metallic wear nanoparticles and trace metal ions release from metal-on-metal orthopedic implants in the human biological specimens: An Overview of in vivo and ex vivo clinical studies." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 8, no. 3 (December 30, 2020): 242–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2020.8.3.0469.

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The use of metallic biomaterials in the medical implant devices has become increasingly prevalent over the past few decades. Patients find themselves being exposed to metals in a variety of ways, ranging from external exposure to instruments such as medical devices to internal exposure via surgical devices being implanted in their bodies. In situ generation of metallic wear nanoparticles, corrosion products and in vivo trace metal ions release from metal and metallic alloys implanted into the body in orthopedic surgery is becoming a major cause for concern regarding the health and safety of patients. The chemical form, particulate vs. ionic, of the metal species in the bodily fluids and tissues is a key to the local nanotoxicity effects arising in the body. Potential health risks are associated with metallic wear debris in the form of nanoparticles in situ generation and the release of in vivo trace metal ions into human biological specimen's circulation. This overview explores how migration of metallic wear nanoparticles and ultratrace metal ions in the area of metal-on-metal orthopedic implants influences the surrounding tissues and bodily fluids, and what the toxicological consequences of this process may be. Specifically, the present article is more informative of indicative multilevel in situ/in vivo/ex vivo analytical/clinical methodologies which will be helpful in a way to plan, understand and lead the analytical innovations in the area of nano-analysis to improve patient outcomes.

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18

Kuksenova, L. I., V. I. Savenko, and R. R. Khasbiullin. "STUDY OF STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS AT INCREASED TEMPERATURES IN α-TITANIUM WITH NON-METALLIC TRACE IMPURITIES." Bulletin of Science and Technical Development 161 (2021): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/vntr2021-161-3.

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Structural changes in α-titanium containing non-metallic trace impurities at elevated temperatures have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction analysis. The microstructural and energy characteristics of structural phase transitions have been determined.

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19

Gounou, C., G. Varrault, K. Amedzro, J. Gasperi, R. Moilleron, S. Garnaud, and G. Chebbo. "Research of trace metals as markers of entry pathways in combined sewers." Water Science and Technology 63, no. 4 (February 1, 2011): 633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.219.

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Combined sewers receive high toxic trace metal loads emitted by various sources, such as traffic, industry, urban heating and building materials. During heavy rain events, Combined Sewer Overflows (CSO) can occur and, if so, are discharged directly into the aquatic system and therefore could have an acute impact on receiving waters. In this study, the concentrations of 18 metals have been measured in 89 samples drawn from the three pollutant Entry Pathways in Combined Sewers (EPCS): i) roof runoff, ii) street runoff, and iii) industrial and domestic effluents and also drawn from sewer deposits (SD). The aim of this research is to identify metallic markers for each EPCS; the data matrix was submitted to principal component analysis in order to determine metallic markers for the three EPCS and SD. This study highlights the fact that metallic content variability across samples from different EPCS and SD exceeds the spatio-temporal variability of samples from the same EPCS. In the catchment studied here, the most valuable EPCS and SD markers are lead, sodium, boron, antimony and zinc; these markers could be used in future studies to identify the contributions of each EPCS to CSO metallic loads.

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20

Park, Jesik, Jaeo Lee, and C. K. Lee. "Synthesis of Lithium Thin Film by Electrodeposition from Ionic Liquid." Applied Mechanics and Materials 217-219 (November 2012): 1049–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.217-219.1049.

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Synthesis of metallic lithium thin film was investigated from two ionic liquid of [EMIM]Tf2N and PP13Tf2N with LiTFSI as a lithium source. Cyclic voltammograms on Au electrode showed the possibility of the electrodeposition of metallic lithium, the reduction current in [EMIM]Tf2N was higher than the value in PP13Tf2N. The metallic lithium thin film could be synthesized on the Au electrode by the potentiostatic condition, which was confirmed by various analytical techniques including x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy. The lithium surface electrodeposited was uniformly without dendrite, any impurity was not detected except trace oxygen contaminated during handling for analyses.

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21

Li, Miaoling, Zirui Liu, Jing Chen, Xiaojuan Huang, Jingyun Liu, Yuzhu Xie, Bo Hu, Zhongjun Xu, Yuanxun Zhang, and Yuesi Wang. "Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Metallic Elements in PM2.5 at Urban and Suburban Sites in Beijing: Implication of Emission Reduction." Atmosphere 10, no. 3 (February 26, 2019): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10030105.

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To gain insights into the impacts of emission reduction measures on the characteristics and sources of trace elements during the 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit, PM2.5 samples were simultaneously collected from an urban site and a suburban site in Beijing from September 15th to November 12th, and fifteen metallic elements were analyzed, including five crustal elements (Mg, Al, K, Ca and Fe), nine trace metals (V, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd and Pb) and As. Most of the trace metals (V, Cr, Mn, As, Cd and Pb) decreased more than 40% due to the emission regulations during APEC, while the crustal elements decreased considerably (4–45%). Relative to the daytime, trace metals increased during the nighttime at both sites before the APEC summit, but no significant difference was observed during the APEC summit, suggesting suppressed emissions from anthropogenic activities. Five sources (dust, traffic exhaust, industrial sources, coal and oil combustion and biomass burning) were resolved using positive matrix factorization (PMF), which were collectively decreased by 30.7% at the urban site and 14.4% at the suburban site during the APEC summit. Coal and oil combustion regulations were the most effective for reducing the trace elements concentrations (urban site: 63.1%; suburban site: 52.0%), followed by measures to reduce traffic exhaust (52.8%) at the urban site and measures to reduce biomass burning (37.7%) at the suburban site. Our results signify that future control efforts of metallic elements in megacities like Beijing should prioritize coal and oil combustion, as well as traffic emissions.

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22

Khaled-Khodja, S., S. Cherif, and Gaël Durand. "Seasonal assessment of metal trace element contamination by PCA in Seybouse wadi (Algeria)." Water Supply 18, no. 6 (January 16, 2018): 1897–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2018.010.

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Abstract The seasonal assessment of trace metallic elements in Seybouse wadi waters and sediments is performed by principal component analysis (PCA). This wadi is the second of Algeria considering its length and vast basin, and opens into the coastline of Annaba in the Mediterranean Sea. Monitoring mineral micropollutants showed that waters are primarily contaminated by aluminum Al, selenium Se, zinc Zn, copper Cu, chromium Cr, lead Pb, cadmium Cd and arsenic As, whereas sediments are essentially soiled by arsenic As, chromium Cr and nickel Ni. PCA shows a clear relation between the season and the type of metallic contamination, and it also helps in understanding its origins.

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23

Zeng, Yan Ping, Chun Mei Xu, Jian Xin Dong, Mai Cang Zhang, and Xi Shan Xie. "Micro Behavior Study of Non-Metallic Inclusion in High Strength Shaft Steel." Key Engineering Materials 297-300 (November 2005): 1229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.297-300.1229.

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The composition, shape, size and distribution of non-metallic inclusions in a kind of high strength shaft steel enriched CoNi have been investigated. In situ tensile tests in special designed SEM have been conducted to trace the whole process of crack initiation and propagation till to fracture at inclusion. The experimental results show that the non-metallic inclusions in the high strength shaft steel are primarily AlN. Their average size is about 3.6µm. Sometimes, a string of inclusions distributes along the rolling direction. Non-metallic inclusion can induce crack to be initiated by inclusion debonding. When the inclusion size is larger than the critical size, the crack can propagate as the main crack that induces the specimen to fracture.

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24

Saga, Koichiro, and Rikiichi Ohno. "Quantitative Analysis of Trace Metallic Contamination on III-V Compound Semiconductor Surfaces." Solid State Phenomena 255 (September 2016): 319–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.255.319.

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We studied the detection by TXRF of several transition metals on the surface of III-V materials for high mobility channel. It has been found that the lower limits of detection of some transition metals on the surface of III-V materials become higher than that on the Si surface because the sum peaks or Raman scattering peaks as well as the fluorescent X-ray main signals from the materials themselves partially cover those from the transition metals

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25

Ma, Ji, and Kezheng Chen. "Impact of metallic trace elements on relaxivities of iron-oxide contrast agents." RSC Advances 9, no. 53 (2019): 30932–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra07227f.

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26

CHABOT, Nancy L., Trevor M. SAFKO, and William F. McDONOUGH. "Effect of silicon on trace element partitioning in iron-bearing metallic melts." Meteoritics & Planetary Science 45, no. 8 (August 2010): 1243–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.2010.01078.x.

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27

Dash, K., K. Chandrasekaran, S. Thangavel, S. M. Dhaville, and J. Arunachalam. "Determination of trace metallic impurities in high-purity quartz by ion chromatography." Journal of Chromatography A 1022, no. 1-2 (January 2004): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2003.08.014.

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28

Shoji, A., K. H. Elliott, S. Aris-Brosou, H. Mizukawa, S. M. M. Nakayama, Y. Ikenaka, M. Ishizuka, et al. "Biotransport of metallic trace elements from marine to terrestrial ecosystems by seabirds." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 38, no. 1 (November 29, 2018): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.4286.

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29

Devita, M., H. Fontaine, N. Drogue, D. Mathiot, V. Enyedi, and T. Lardin. "Collection Efficiency of Noble Metallic Contaminants on Si Wafers with HF-Aqua Regia Mixtures for VPD-DC ICPMS Analysis." Solid State Phenomena 219 (September 2014): 268–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.219.268.

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of several new materials in clean rooms, the monitoring of trace metallic contamination is a real and present need. It is well known [1][2][3] that these impurities are detrimental to the efficiency of the microelectronics devices: they could cause crystal defects, act as electron traps, degrade minority carrier lifetime or increase the leakage current. Concerning the noble metallic contaminants (Au, Pt, Ir, Ru, Ag and Pd), now used in microelectronics to improve devices performances, their surface contamination control at low level (< 1010 at.cm-2) remains a great challenge.

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30

Sengupta, Arijit, Rajeswari B., and R. M. Kadam. "Development of an AES based analytical method for the determination of trace metallic impurities in uranium silicide dispersion fuel: from precursors to end products." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 35, no. 1 (2020): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ja00321e.

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An analytical method was developed based on the D.C. arc carrier distillation atomic emission spectrometric (D.C. Arc AES) technique for determination of trace metallic impurities (Al, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Si, Sn, Ti, V and Zn) in uranium silicide samples.

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31

Guo, Xin, Lina Kong, Jianping Xu, Jing Chen, and Lan Li. "Au nanoparticle-controlled formation of metallic and oxidized Pt nanoparticles on graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for H2 evolution." Dalton Transactions 50, no. 27 (2021): 9529–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1dt00910a.

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Metallic Pt electron-sink and Au LSPR effects, as well as the excellent co-catalyst capacity of Pt/Pt²⁺, synergistically enhance the H₂ evolution rate of g-C₃N₄ with trace noble metal consumption.

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32

Viskup, Richard, Yana Vereshchaga, Anna Theresia Stadler, Theresa Roland, Christoph Wolf, Agnes Weth, and Werner Baumgartner. "Spectrochemical Analytical Characterisation of Particulate Matter Emissions Generated from In-Use Diesel Engine Vehicles." Environmental Sciences Proceedings 4, no. 1 (November 17, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecas2020-08468.

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Pollutant emissions from vehicles form major sources of metallic nanoparticles entering the environment and surrounding atmosphere. In this research, we spectrochemically analyse the chemical composition of particle matter emissions from in-use diesel engine passenger vehicles. We extracted diesel particulate matter from the end part of the tail pipes of more than 70 different vehicles. In the laboratory, we used the high-resolution laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) spectrochemical analytical technique to sensitively analyse chemical elements in different DPM samples. We found that PM is composed of major, minor and trace chemical elements. The major compound in PM is not strictly carbon but also other adsorbed metallic nanoparticles such as iron, chromium, magnesium, zinc and calcium. Besides the major elements in DPM, there are also minor elements: silicon, nickel, titan, potassium, strontium, molybdenum and others. Additionally, in DPM are adsorbed atomic trace elements like barium, boron, cobalt, copper, phosphorus, manganese and platinum. All these chemical elements form the significant atomic composition of real PM from in-use diesel engine vehicles.

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33

Tongsaksit, Sasitorn, Suta Poosittisak, and Jirawat Thanoorad. "Trace Study on The Metallic Car Body After Firing With The11mm (FMJ) Bullets." Khon Kaen University Journal (Graduate Studies) 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5481/kkujgs.2013.13.1.3.

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Bellache, Dihia, Karim Moussaceb, Emmanuel Jousseinn, Jean-Claude Bollinger, and Loubna Chaabane. "Behavior of metallic trace elements containing in stabilized and solidified oily petroleum sludge." Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica 18, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 154–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nbec-2019-0018.

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Abstract The present work examines the influence of the leaching conditions on the release of various chemical elements from a cementitious material obtained by solidification of an industrial waste rejection of Algeria. Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis SEM-EDX analyses were employed to characterize the waste and the stabilized/solidified materials. Than several formulations were prepared with different percent of waste ranging from 0 % to 30 %. To evaluate the influence of leaching conditions on the release of chemical ions (Zn2+, Pb2+, Cl-, Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, K+ and SO42−) contained in the stabilized and solidified materials, the Acid Neutralization Capacity (ANC), the Pore Water (PW) and Monolith Leaching Tests (MLT) have been carried out. The leaching tests (ANC, PW and MLT) have shown a low metal leachability. However, the lowest released amount was observed for the MLT.

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35

Santillán-Urquiza, Esmeralda, Fernando Arteaga-Cardona, Cristina Torres-Duarte, Bryan Cole, Bing Wu, Miguel A. Méndez-Rojas, and Gary N. Cherr. "Facilitation of trace metal uptake in cells by inulin coating of metallic nanoparticles." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 9 (September 2017): 170480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170480.

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Trace elements such as zinc and iron are essential for the proper function of biochemical processes, and their uptake and bioavailability are dependent on their chemical form. Supplementation of trace metals through nanostructured materials is a new field, but its application raises concerns regarding their toxicity. Here, we compared the intracellular zinc uptake of different sources of zinc: zinc sulfate, and ZnO and core-shell α-Fe 2 O 3 @ZnO nanoparticles, coated or uncoated with inulin, an edible and biocompatible polysaccharide. Using mussel haemocytes, a well-known model system to assess nanomaterial toxicity, we simultaneously assessed zinc accumulation and multiple cellular response endpoints. We found that intracellular zinc uptake was strongly enhanced by inulin coating, in comparison to the uncoated nanoparticles, while no significant effects on cell death, cell viability, mitochondrial membrane integrity, production of reactive oxygen species or lysosome abundance were observed at concentrations up to 20 ppm. Since no significant increments in toxicity were observed, the coated nanomaterials may be useful to increase in vivo zinc uptake for nutritional applications.

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36

Petit, D., W. El Houari, K. Jacobs, W. Baeyens, and M. Leermakers. "Trace element content in tea brewed in traditional metallic and stainless steel teapots." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 185, no. 11 (May 28, 2013): 8957–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-013-3226-z.

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37

El Ghizi, Sara, Sliman Hssaissoune, Mohammed El Bouch, Mohamed Sadik, and Mustapha Hasnaoui. "Metallic trace elements contained in the sediments of Dayet Er-Roumi Lake (Morocco)." E3S Web of Conferences 298 (2021): 05004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129805004.

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The contamination of aquatic ecosystems with metals remains a serious environmental problem of growing concern. Sediments are often studied as reservoirs or wells for many chemical pollutants. They are micropollutant traps; they also indicate the watercourse's historical pollution, lagoons, and lakes…Lake Dayet Er-Roumi (SIBE) is the only permanent natural lake in the Khemisset region (Morocco); this wetland is affected by several forms of pollution that are mainly linked to human activities (agricultural, domestic, industrial, etc.). The objective of our study is to contribute, through qualitative and quantitative analysis, to the assessment of lake sediment pollution by Spatio-temporal monitoring of certain toxic heavy metals such as Mn, Zn, Cr, Cd. These sediments are collected on the level of the lake's surface; the concentration of heavy metals was measured by microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscope (MP-AES). Metal analyses carried out at three measuring points during the winter season reveal a high concentration of Zn, Cr, and Mn at all stations during the winter season, which far exceeds the recommended standards, with a low level of Cd. The contamination factor "FC" and the degree of contamination "DC" reveal polymetallic contaminations dominated by two elements, zinc, and Chromium, which are the most worrying. These results clearly show that lake Dayet Er-Roumi is polluted; strategies to limit the lake's pollution must be implemented to avoid several ecological problems (fish mortality, etc.).

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38

Liu, Shi, and Bin Liu. "Characterization of Surface Metal Contaminations on Fused Quartz." Solid State Phenomena 195 (December 2012): 277–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.195.277.

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Micro-contamination exerts ever-increasing adverse impact on semiconductor manufacturing as device integration scale keeps increasing and device geometry continues decreasing. In particular, contaminations from particles, trace metals, and/or organic compounds can reduce device yield, quality, and reliability [. Metallic impurities from materials used for process equipment are one of the major contamination sources.

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Xiu, Junshan, Lili Dong, Hua Qin, Yunyan Liu, and Jin Yu. "Investigation of the Matrix Effect on the Accuracy of Quantitative Analysis of Trace Metals in Liquids Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy with Solid Substrates." Applied Spectroscopy 70, no. 12 (December 2016): 2016–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702816651889.

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The detection limit of trace metals in liquids has been improved greatly by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) using solid substrate. A paper substrate and a metallic substrate were used as a solid substrate for the detection of trace metals in aqueous solutions and viscous liquids (lubricating oils) respectively. The matrix effect on quantitative analysis of trace metals in two types of liquids was investigated. For trace metals in aqueous solutions using paper substrate, the calibration curves established for pure solutions and mixed solutions samples presented large variation on both the slope and the intercept for the Cu, Cd, and Cr. The matrix effects among the different elements in mixed solutions were observed. However, good agreement was obtained between the measured and known values in real wastewater. For trace metals in lubricating oils, the matrix effect between the different oils is relatively small and reasonably negligible under the conditions of our experiment. A universal calibration curve can be established for trace metals in different types of oils. The two approaches are verified that it is possible to develop a feasible and sensitive method with accuracy results for rapid detection of trace metals in industrial wastewater and viscous liquids by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.

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KOHNO, Masuchika, Koji YOSHIDA, Kimikazu MORITANI, Osamu TAKAHASHI, Kazuyuki ENAMI, Toshihide UCHIDA, and Fumitaka NISHIYAMA. "Continuous Background Originated From Neutrons By 65Cu(p,n)65Zn Under 4 MeV Protons — A problem on detecting trace elements in old copper alloys by PIXE." International Journal of PIXE 08, no. 02n03 (January 1998): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129083598000212.

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EDS-PIXE is a very useful and easy method for detecting trace elements in ancient materials. However, relatively high continuous background is observed, when old copper alloys are measured under 4 MeV protons. The background makes the detection limits of trace metallic elements such as Au , Ag , As , Sn , Sb and Pb in these alloys worse. The cause of the high background was investigated using a Si ( Li ) detector, a pure- Ge detector and a 3 He neutron counter, and it was found that the continuous background level is correlated with the amount of neutron released from 65 Cu ( p , n )65 Zn reaction.

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Li, Mengting, Wei Liu, and Vera I. Slaveykova. "Effects of Mixtures of Engineered Nanoparticles and Metallic Pollutants on Aquatic Organisms." Environments 7, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments7040027.

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In aquatic environment, engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are present as complex mixtures with other pollutants, such as trace metals, which could result in synergism, additivity or antagonism of their combined effects. Despite the fact that the toxicity and environmental risk of the ENPs have received extensive attention in the recent years, the interactions of ENPs with other pollutants and the consequent effects on aquatic organisms represent an important challenge in (nano)ecotoxicology. The present review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art and critically discusses the existing knowledge on combined effects of mixtures of ENPs and metallic pollutants on aquatic organisms. The specific emphasis is on the adsorption of metallic pollutants on metal-containing ENPs, transformation and bioavailability of ENPs and metallic pollutants in mixtures. Antagonistic, additive and synergistic effects observed in aquatic organisms co-exposed to ENPs and metallic pollutants are discussed in the case of “particle-proof” and “particle-ingestive” organisms. This knowledge is important in developing efficient strategies for sound environmental impact assessment of mixture exposure in complex environments.

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Maisonnave, V., M. Montrejaud-Vignoles, C. Bonnin, J. C. Revel, and C. Vignoles. "The influence of biosolids treatment files on the mobility of metal trace elements." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 2-3 (July 1, 2001): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0793.

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The production of sludge in France is estimated to be about 900,000 metric tons dry matter per year and 60% of this is recycled onto agricultural land. At present, the long term future of this procedure is open to question and among the different arguments being put forward are the levels of metallic trace elements and the risk of accumulation in soils. This study presents the behaviour of metallic trace elements in sludges from three different treatment procedures: thickened liquid sludges, dewatered sludges and dried sludges. These biosolids are mixed with a clay soil and then placed in a temperature and humidity controlled glasshouse. Several containers are seeded with ryegrass and compared with controls. For the three harvests, covering all the amendments studied (including non-amended soil), the differences are not really representative. Absorption by the ryegrass is low in all cases. For the cadmium, the chromium, the nickel and the lead, the roots are 5 to 10 times more concentrated than the leaves. The majority of these elements stay absorbed in the roots, regardless of the amendment used. The addition of the sludges has considerably reduced the uptake of water in ryegrass throughout its growth cycle. Quite apart from their fertilizing qualities, wastewater treatment plant sludges could offer important implications for irrigation.

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Munonde, Tshimangadzo S., and Philiswa N. Nomngongo. "Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Sensors and Their Applications on the Detection of Trace Metals in Environmental Water Samples." Sensors 21, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21010131.

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The elevated concentrations of various trace metals beyond existing guideline recommendations in water bodies have promoted research on the development of various electrochemical nanosensors for the trace metals’ early detection. Inspired by the exciting physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials, advanced functional nanocomposites with improved sensitivity, sensitivity and stability, amongst other performance parameters, have been synthesized, characterized, and applied on the detection of various trace metals in water matrices. Nanocomposites have been perceived as a solution to address a critical challenge of distinct nanomaterials that are limited by agglomerations, structure stacking leading to aggregations, low conductivity, and limited porous structure for electrolyte access, amongst others. In the past few years, much effort has been dedicated to the development of various nanocomposites such as; electrochemical nanosensors for the detection of trace metals in water matrices. Herein, the recent progress on the development of nanocomposites classified according to their structure as carbon nanocomposites, metallic nanocomposites, and metal oxide/hydroxide nanocomposites is summarized, alongside their application as electrochemical nanosensors for trace metals detection in water matrices. Some perspectives on the development of smart electrochemical nanosensors are also introduced.

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Cheng, Ming, Min Dai, and Hao Qun Yao. "Preparation of Metallic Wear Particles Around Joint Prosthesis by Vacuum Ball Mill In Vitro." Advanced Materials Research 339 (September 2011): 648–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.339.648.

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To study a method of in vitro preparation and seperation for metallic wear particles around joint prosthesis, and evaluate its feasibility in medical experiments of prosthetic loosening.Preparation of Metallic Wear Particles Around Joint Prosthesis by Vacuum Ball Mill in Vitro .Particle size,size distribution,chemical composition,and shape were characterized by element trace analysis, laser countersizer,scanning electron microscopy. Metal particles co-culture with RAW264.7,then detect cytotoxicity.Our metal particles that prepare by vacuum ball mill that closely resembled particles found around solid and loose human prostheses(＜5μm in diameter).The addition of metal particles（＜1.0 mg/ ml in concentration) to RAW264.7 co-culture did not cause cell cytotoxicity，and we can use it in relative research of Cytology.This method is good enough to produce metallic wear particles that closely resembled particles in vivo, which has convenient ,reproducibility. and can be used in vitro studies of Cytology.

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Chyan, Oliver M. R., Jin‐Jian Chen, Hsu‐Yueh Chien, JunJun Wu, Min Liu, Jennifer A. Sees, and Lindsey H. Hall. "A New Potentiometric Sensor for the Detection of Trace Metallic Contaminants in Hydrofluoric Acid." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 143, no. 10 (October 1, 1996): L235—L237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.1837156.

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Benitez, L. Norberto, and Jean-Pascal Dubois. "Evaluation of Ammonium Oxalate for Fractionating Metallic Trace Elements in Soils by Sequential Extraction." International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 75, no. 3 (July 1999): 261–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03067319908047315.

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Liu, Li, Chunmei Zhao, Jing Wang, Qing Chen, Fanlong Wang, Hua Feng, Liu Mengyan, and Xiaobin Zhu. "Identification of Metallic Trace Particles of Injuring Fe-Mn Steel Hammer from Body Trauma." Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 3, no. 1 (2017): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_23_16.

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Teklić, Tihana, Zdenko Lončarić, Vlado Kovačević, and Bal Ram Singh. "Metallic trace elements in cereal grain – a review: how much metal do we eat?" Food and Energy Security 2, no. 2 (June 5, 2013): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fes3.24.

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Rahman, Md Tawabur, Abdullah Al Maruf, Sakib Faisal, Rajesh Pathak, Khan Mamun Reza, Ashim Gurung, Matthew Hummel, et al. "Metallic 1T Phase Tungsten Disulfide Microflowers for Trace Level Detection of Hg 2+ Ions." Advanced Sustainable Systems 4, no. 9 (June 11, 2020): 2000068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adsu.202000068.

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Takahara, Hikari, and Ken Tsugane. "Trace Metallic Contamination Analysis on Wafer Edge and Bevel by TXRF and VPD-TXRF." Solid State Phenomena 145-146 (January 2009): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.145-146.105.

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In the semiconductor industry, the edge exclusion of processed wafers is decreasing to accommodate more integrated circuits. With this trend, there is a higher risk of detrimental contamination at the wafer edge and bevel making the monitoring for metallic contamination in these areas critical. Cross contamination from the edge and bevel can occur at many processing steps. For example, metals can spread from the wafer edge, bevel and backside to the wafer’s surface in a wet cleans process. In immersion lithography, the water drop that is scanned across the wafer could transport contamination from the edge and deposit it across the wafer surface. Contamination on wafer edge and bevel can have many origins; handling systems in every process tool, reaction products in etching, and residuals of new materials in high-k for CVD and PVD, for example. To know what metallic contamination is present, and to investigate the causes are essential for wafer edge control.

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