Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Métaphore'
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Renault, Jean-Baptiste. "Théorie et esthétiques de la métaphore : la métaphore et son soupçon, entre correspondances et dissemblances, métaphores linguistiques et iconiques." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00916648.
Full textStellardi, Giuseppe. "Métaphore et philosophie." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010505.
Full textThis dissertation is, at the same time, a study on metaphor and an investigation on the structure of the philosophical discourse. Metaphor is seen as the result of the interference between two contexts activated simultaneously against the screen of a text. The analysis of certain texts of Jacques Derrida and Martin Heidegger reveals anomalies in the functioning of metaphors there and allows us to draw some conclusions concerning the structure of the philosophical discourse. Philosophy is seen as the type of discourse that, under the pressure of a fundamentally ethical pulsion, strives to take rational control of discourse areas uncontrollable by means of scientific procedures
Gréa, Philippe. "La théorie de l'intégration conceptuelle appliquée à la métaphore et la métaphore filée." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00813135.
Full textBoudad, Abdelaziz. "Problèmes du sens figuré en arabe écrit : la métaphore : aspects grammatico-rhétoriques : la métaphore." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05H063.
Full textNotari, Christiane. "Métaphore de l'ordinateur et linguistique cognitive." Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU20004.
Full textThe computer metaphor is pervasive within cognitive science. It originated in the mathematical computability theory and, since the invention of the material entity, the computer, likens the mind to the software, and the brain to the hardware of the machine. Cognitive science has a motto: thinking is computing, and an emblem, the technological artefact as represented by the computer, the calculator par excellence. Cognitive Linguistics, initiated by Noam Chomsky, adheres to the computational paradigm of cognitive science, and its keystone is the statement that syntax is equivalent to computation. Chomsky explicitly uses the automaton metaphor in his first works, and then the computer metaphor implicitly in his later works, in order to build his theory of language. He claims to have made a theory of knowledge, but he only simulates some regular syntactic structures with mathematical tools. Perhaps unintentionally then, is he doing artificial intelligence, but he does not explain anything about the working of natural intelligence and language. The brain is not a computer. This misleading metaphor disregards one of the brain’s fundamental properties: consciousness, which gives access to knowledge. The aim of this thesis is to explore the bases of the computational paradigm, to present the limits of chomskyan linguistics, and to show its total inadequacy for a theory of knowledge and language
Barbosa, del Aguila Fabyola Rebbeka. "Violence, métaphore poétique et spectaculaire : le bouleversement créateur des êtres en violence." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080122/document.
Full textThis thesis attempts to apprehend violence by adopting a new perspective in which it differs from the aggression and barbarism to which it is often related, in order to discern the moment of a possible intervention of an engaging action. In this way, the figure of the witness is essential in the resonance that makes it possible to establish a relationship of openness with others. This brings us back to an exploration of the openness of poetics to the spacetimes of possible hidden realities in the blindness of frozen looks. Among the possible tools of a committed witness, this thesis is based on the poetic metaphor, which in the living arts can manifest itself beyond texts by the sonority, the corporeal, the scenography and the direction, which reveals a new metaphor in the intersection of the poetics, the metaphor, the theatricality and the spectacular. The spectacular metaphor is thus a sort of transposition of the spectacularity of life into artistic manifestations by means of poetic metaphors presented by beings who emanate from a theatricality whose presence-absence character is constant. Consequently, three examples are used to illustrate the transcendence of violence, as a shattering energy, by poetic metaphors: the life and work of a Brazilian poet who is unknown to the general public (not published by publishing houses), Edvair Ribeiro dos Santos; the play Odisea of the Teatro de los Andes in Bolivia, which marks the breakup of the group; and the autobiographical film La danza de la realidad by Chilean director Alejandro Jodorowsky
Ben, Larbi Sara. "La traduction de la métaphore en poésie : ses difficultés et son évaluation." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0218.
Full textWe undertake to study the metaphor translation carrying out corpora in three linguistics codes: English, Arabic and French different by their system and their linguistic use. To what extent the metaphor has it been translated without being disfigured? We analyse in a comparative study the metaphors translated from English into French of the poet Thomas Stearns Eliot by Pierre Leyris in The Waste Land, Ash Wednesday, and Ariel Poems putting the verse in the standard English. We also study Mahmoud Darwich metaphors translated From Arabic into French by Elias Sanbar in three poetry books: Why do you let the horse to loneliness? Don’t apologize and as an almond tree flowers or farther. However, our thesis is divided into three chapters: firstly, we rethink the metaphor by evaluating its definitions in language, traditional grammar, rhetoric and it redefines the metaphor features linguistically. Secondly, in order to solve the difficulties metaphor translation in poetry, we postulate reclassifying six metaphor rhetoric variations in two sets: common metaphor and particular one. Thirdly, it postulates many kinds of metaphor translation strategies. Translate the metaphor can be asked in the contrastive linguistic and traductological perspective explaining the translator difficulties. The sample, composed of 30 difficulties, shows that the translators Leyris and Sanbar share the same problems: the lexicon and semantic order, the lexicon inappropriate or the creation of a new lexical unit and the translation approach of the metaphor proves that the translators highlight three strategies: the translation by the same reference, the different reference and the conversion. In order to achieve the results, we ask this following question: common metaphor translation from English into French, would it be modeled?
Kim, Young-Ran. "La métaphore : son fonctionnement et sa traduction." Aix-Marseille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX10089.
Full textWe have shown clearly our definition of the metaphor and of all the problems assciated with the opposition of the literal figurative meaning in the first chapter. The notion of metaphor dose not conflict with allegory, proverb or symbolism but, on the contrary, they are incluted in the field of metaphor. The metaphor which puts into play opposition of the literal meaning figurative meaning, as a rule normal linguistic-stylistic utilization may be characterized as a system of an indirect process like the symbol and the sign from a semiotic-systematic point of view and as an interllectual faculty proprer to mankind from logic-pragmatic stand point. The second chapter was given to showing that the operation of the nature and of the property of metaphors of a text in its totality varies according to the orientation taken by a theme or by a global structure. The importance of the metaphor in literary works and in everyday linguistic practice bears out the necessity of research into the translation of the metaphor. We have studied the theoretical differences of translation in general and of the metaphor as well as the practice of translation in the third and fourth chapters. The majority of the modifications and desertions of the metaphor in translation is founded on the mode of interpretation and on the variety of understanding of the metaphor of each translation. This phenomenon allows us to propose three orientations of translation: "neutral", "esthetique", and "poietique". We have
Schulz, Patricia. "Description critique du concept traditionnel de "métaphore"." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0093.
Full textBen, Larbi Sara. "La traduction de la métaphore en poésie : ses difficultés et son évaluation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0218.
Full textWe undertake to study the metaphor translation carrying out corpora in three linguistics codes: English, Arabic and French different by their system and their linguistic use. To what extent the metaphor has it been translated without being disfigured? We analyse in a comparative study the metaphors translated from English into French of the poet Thomas Stearns Eliot by Pierre Leyris in The Waste Land, Ash Wednesday, and Ariel Poems putting the verse in the standard English. We also study Mahmoud Darwich metaphors translated From Arabic into French by Elias Sanbar in three poetry books: Why do you let the horse to loneliness? Don’t apologize and as an almond tree flowers or farther. However, our thesis is divided into three chapters: firstly, we rethink the metaphor by evaluating its definitions in language, traditional grammar, rhetoric and it redefines the metaphor features linguistically. Secondly, in order to solve the difficulties metaphor translation in poetry, we postulate reclassifying six metaphor rhetoric variations in two sets: common metaphor and particular one. Thirdly, it postulates many kinds of metaphor translation strategies. Translate the metaphor can be asked in the contrastive linguistic and traductological perspective explaining the translator difficulties. The sample, composed of 30 difficulties, shows that the translators Leyris and Sanbar share the same problems: the lexicon and semantic order, the lexicon inappropriate or the creation of a new lexical unit and the translation approach of the metaphor proves that the translators highlight three strategies: the translation by the same reference, the different reference and the conversion. In order to achieve the results, we ask this following question: common metaphor translation from English into French, would it be modeled?
Urwand, Simone. "La rêverie institutionnelle : métaphore poétique pour une institution." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H054.
Full textBonnier, Xavier. "La métaphore dans la Délie de Maurice Scève." Toulouse 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU20093.
Full textToo easily ascribed to its " obscurity ", the resistance that offers Maurice Scève's Délie to any comprehensive interpretation allows the hypothesis that the use of metaphor in this sequence reveals the main choices of the poet, and that the reconstitution of his own innermost universe by this stylistic approach will be more instructive than the usual patterns often applied inspite of the detail of expression. After a pragmatic definition of this trope, come the amazing lessons of statistic data ; the thematic side of the images is then studied, in close links with the way they occur in the dizain. Constants and irregularities, in their breakdown at the scale of the sequence as well as in comparison with the sources and the other Scève's poetic works, lead to the idea of a specific " play " of the metaphor in the Délie, and to study its dialectic properties. Both opening and hindrance, expression and short cut, confession and denial, the scevian metaphor seems to serve the reconstitution of an identity by means of a system of identifications, discreetly showing a Subject who refuses to articulate himself according to a certain mode in order to lay down another one to the reader
Serban, Sarah-Belle. "Jack Kerouac et la métaphore de la route." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040318.
Full textBillottet, Eric. "La métaphore comme processus d'évitement de la redondance." Besançon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BESA1016.
Full textDal, Maso Serena. "La métaphore spatio-temporelle : une application à l'italien." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10073.
Full textIrisson, Olivier. "L'entreprise en réseau : métaphore informatique et utopie organisationnelle." Paris 9, 2000. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090019.
Full textColonna-Desprats, Zelda. "La chirurgie comme métaphore, esthétique de la perte." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010605.
Full textSurgery as metaphor, aesthetic of looseness, is the study of the staging of surgical procedures and of its metaphors’ interpretation. By proposing an analogy between amorous relationships and those that tie the patient and his surgeon together, and by demonstrating that both are power-based relationships, our research aims to establish a critic of surgical power, as well as to question the status of the operated-on body. In addition, we challenge the visual transfiguration of surgery’s representation. By analysing various masterpieces on the subject, we notices that most of them revolve around two major notions: the reconsideration of the operated-on body’s property – as a subject and object – and the relationship between the surgeon and his patient. Such images also evoke a particular representation in the mind, in that they question the boundaries between medical science and the arts, and also generate their own aesthetics. The metaphors’ analysis potentially conveyed by the subject leads us to establish that surgery is regularly used as a pretext to stage dramatic events. Involving topics such anaesthesia, anxiety, particularly in the case of organ transplantation, that of mourning that may be the outcome, and the theme of surgery itself always evokes the very idea of loss. By exploring surgery as an art media, the very core of the intimate relationship between surgeons and their approach of their patient’s bodies are being questioned in this research
Ventalon, Geoffrey. "La compréhension de la métaphore dans les images." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080115/document.
Full textA metaphor is a figure of style in which the meaning of a term is transferred to that another term. For example, the sentence “Axel is a fox” is a metaphor in which a man is smart. The metaphor is not only introduced in a text. It can be depicted in a picture. Therefore, the image of a man with a body of a fox can refer to the sentence: “this man is a fox.” According to Forceville (2007,2009), a pictorial metaphor can be characterized considering its type (contextual metaphor, hybrid metaphor, simile and integrated metaphor), considering its structure (monomodal and multimodal metaphor) and its use (in commercials, in social campaigns, in political cartoons or in Art). The aim of this work is to create a knowledge base of pictorial metaphors examining their characteristics (topics, vehicles). Experimental studies examined the understanding of monomodal pictorial hybrid metaphors by focusing on property attribution process in several situations regarding the effect of the native language (French versus Spanish), context, age and the use of the metaphor. The discussion section illustrates perspectives of research considering current studies focused on pictorial metaphor comprehension and the use of specific tools (e.g. eye tracker). The understanding of pictorial metaphors could be applied to others field of expertise of psychology (e.g. Neuropsychology), other people (e.g. children) and different cultures (e.g. Korean)
Ventalon, Geoffrey. "La compréhension de la métaphore dans les images." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080115.
Full textA metaphor is a figure of style in which the meaning of a term is transferred to that another term. For example, the sentence “Axel is a fox” is a metaphor in which a man is smart. The metaphor is not only introduced in a text. It can be depicted in a picture. Therefore, the image of a man with a body of a fox can refer to the sentence: “this man is a fox.” According to Forceville (2007,2009), a pictorial metaphor can be characterized considering its type (contextual metaphor, hybrid metaphor, simile and integrated metaphor), considering its structure (monomodal and multimodal metaphor) and its use (in commercials, in social campaigns, in political cartoons or in Art). The aim of this work is to create a knowledge base of pictorial metaphors examining their characteristics (topics, vehicles). Experimental studies examined the understanding of monomodal pictorial hybrid metaphors by focusing on property attribution process in several situations regarding the effect of the native language (French versus Spanish), context, age and the use of the metaphor. The discussion section illustrates perspectives of research considering current studies focused on pictorial metaphor comprehension and the use of specific tools (e.g. eye tracker). The understanding of pictorial metaphors could be applied to others field of expertise of psychology (e.g. Neuropsychology), other people (e.g. children) and different cultures (e.g. Korean)
Lisandre, Hubert. "Freud et l'homosexualité : de l'inversion à la métaphore." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070136.
Full textOur thesis is : "homosexuality is questioned by Freud as an unending demand of saying opposite to the oedipian superego. It is therefore in relation to the death drive, and conducting to another reading of the neurosis perversion dialectic, where "homosexual identity" will appear as an ideal figure. " homosexuality in Freuds' works is actually neither an oedipian issue nor a narcissic fixation; it conducts to an "out of the pleasure principle", where the death drive is building progressively an access to the language. It appears with the freudian anal stage, as "passivity", which points out a specific mode of death drive's satisfaction, as "jouissance" (untranslatable). The oedipian process drives to a renouncement of that "jouissance", what is illustrated by the scientific myth of father's murder. But that renouncement is also the outcome of freudian homosexuality process, even after the end of the Oedipus complex. Homosexuality is therefore not a way to refuse otherness, but a way to question what is founding it as well: the same question that begs perversion, from the "phallic mother" figure. In conclusion, homosexuality in Freuds' works is not pointing out any psychological identity, but a death drive's process, whom freudian witticism's analysis can be considered as the paradigm
Dessons, Marie. "Les angoisses psychotiques : le travail de la métaphore." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070013.
Full textOur hypothesis takes root in the basic assumption of the irrepresentability of psychosis, the "unnamedness" of psychotic anxieties such as primitive agonies, which is at the earth of a rich and diverse metaphoric production in the psychoanalytic literature. This thesis aims at evaluating the place and function of metaphor in psychotherapeute activity with psychotic and borderline patients. It thus contributes to the exploration and formalization of the modalities of metaphorical expression in the patient-therapist relationship. In this way we try to discern between the transnosographic approach and the concept of irrepresentable archaic anxieties, mainly through a critical and detailed study of this kind of anxieties. Our study is articulated around three core elements : the question of anxiety and psychotic anxieties, the problem of metaphor and the role of language in psychoanalysis. It is inscribed in a broader psychoanalytic reflection on the work of metaphor as a work of the analyst's mind in touch with psychotic anxieties, as well as in an even broader perspective of the metapsychology of the analyst's psychic processes. Finally, this thesis yields a reflection on the role of language in psychoanalysis through the relationship between words and things : from the Freudian theory of presentation towards a theory of metaphor in psychoanalysis. Acting as a creative potentiality, metaphoricity becomes a renovation of the necessary "playing" between the different modalities of presentation
Rousset, Frédéric. "Bases cognitives et sensorielles dans la compréhension des métaphores." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/rousset_f.
Full textCacours, Salteri Vénétia. "Typologie et thématique de la métaphore dans l'oeuvre poétique de N. Engonópoulos : présence, genèse et mort de la métaphore en être." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040145.
Full textThe object of my thesis is the metaphor in the poetry of N. Engonopoulos, Greek poet (1907-1985). After exposing the main theories on the metaphor as well as our methodology (first chapter), i study the typology of the metaphor in Engonopoulos' poetry (second chapter). This study permits to conclude that the main metaphorical type used by him is with the verb to be (or with some other copula). In the first section of the third chapter I study the themes used in connection with the metaphorical types with to be: the woman and the poet. Finally (third chapter, second section), I study the quantitative evolution in the use of the metaphor with to be in Engonopoulos' poetry and suppose that the extreme use of this metaphorical type has to be attributed to Apollinaire's influence
Horne, Christine. "Théories contemporaines de la métaphore vive en linguistique française." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq24777.pdf.
Full textMorari, Codruţa-Elena. "La pensée topographique : essai sur l'effet - métaphore au cinéma." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030155.
Full textThe present work focuses on conceptual operations involved in the organisation of the cinematographic expression and perception, operations that assure the reversibility of those two domains. In this dynamics of perception, a central role is played by such processes as analogy, conceptual mapping and isomorphism, processes that constitute the class of “metaphors”. Metaphor does not represent the symptom, nor the exemplum of the relationship between cinematographic expression and perception. Cinematic metaphor is rather situated at its core; it ensures the exchanges between expression and perception due to its ability to make work identical elements in different mediums of signification. As a conceptual operation, metaphor inhabits an intermediary space generated by the play of different forms of mediation between the realms of cinematographic expression and perception. This mediation is regulated by specific codes, whose interaction and collaboration are inherent to the metaphorical operation itself. To degrees of mediation correspond degrees of metaphoricity, and the present work has the contention to organise those degrees according to criteria proper to the cinematographic medium. Rather than being subject to reductive taxonomies, cinematic metaphors should be organise according to the degree of mediation of perception
Couet, Lannes Marguerite. "Les enjeux de la métaphore dans la pathologie autistique." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070096.
Full textAfter a short history of the development of the ideas which led to the definitions of autistic syndrome, this thesis aims to provide the psychoanalytically orientated therapist with a variety of topics for consideration. The chapters are followed by reports and debates which focus on some metapsychological concepts, and attempt to justify the hypothesis of metaphorical expression. Metaphor supposedly enables patients to express themselves, and acts as a mediator. The questions raised in this thesis deal with two metaphor processes which we find in dreams, condensation and displacement which, according to observation of adolescents undergoing treatment at the time of this research, and according to texts written by autistic people, are used in unequal amounts. Condensation takes place through omission due to the mnestic record of the sensorial experience being below memory. Whereas displacement takes place through dissimulation and derives from censorship and because a barrier exists between the unconscious and the preconscious, and between the preconscious and the conscious. Displacement can result from the desire to overcome this censorship. Depending on the position occupied by the patient or by the therapist, these processes are used to varying degrees and are used again in the treatment, thereby turning the metaphor into a tool effective both in diagnosis and in therapy
Alla, Thierry. "Tristan Murail : la couleur sonore, métaphore pour la composition." Rouen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ROUEL515.
Full textSpectral current, settled in France by Tristan Murail and Gérard Grisey revolutionnized the ancient parameters of musical theory. Sound material made with acoustic components of the sound fertilizes writing and becomes an essentiel element in musical composition. Thus, the notion of sound colour, metaphoriser expression used in the technics of music has been taking a tangible menaçant since the seventies, through the breaking up of timbre into the physical data. The analysis of sound allows today to redefine the timbre as an entity which includes the parameters (frequency, strength, length, space. . . ). The breaking up and the modelling of sound are becoming the new matter of musical work
Louis, Carole. "L'intérêt de la métaphore du sacré en droit constitutionnel." Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON10041.
Full textChenoufi, Anne-Marie. "La Métaphore dans "A la recherche du temps perdu"." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040039.
Full textSeymour, David. "The carriage of understanding." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ30024.pdf.
Full textJanson, Jean-Marie. "L'apport de la métaphore à la marque dans les slogans publicitaires." Paris 9, 1994. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1994PA090050.
Full textMvogo-Machinal, Kuna. "Etude diachronique (Xème-XVIIème siècles) des procédures de lexicalisation des expressions métaphoriques : théorisation de la réticence à l'effort évocatoire." Bordeaux 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30091.
Full textIn cognition two different modalities of interpretation are distinguished, according to whether a metaphor is lively or fixed. In the lively case, the transfer of a part of the meaning controls the cognitive elaboration of a new semantic representation. It is the result of an interpretative calculation which has a quite significant cognitive cost: the sense has been evoked. The evocation, quite as its counterpart, the direct reference (referential modality of interpretation of the literal sense and the fixed non-literalsense of the lexeme), are subjected to signification and sense. They vary accordingly to the periodand the context of use for the same lexeme. These phenomena should be clarified by the study of the evolution of interpretative procedures in the course of time, in the same language, which gives keys, and analytical solutions, for the semantic lexical and pragmatic cognitive diachronic statistical study. The synthesis of the results underlines the role of the pragmatic and cognitive sciences, through the degree of the interpretative effort, the modality of interpretation (evocation versus direct reference) and the conceptual inferences (internal inferences). Evocation and direct reference are dynamic elements of the semantic lexical variation and must be considered in their simultaneity during the interpretation. The control and the hidden influence of both these modalities produce evident and cryptic deductions, which give birth tonew processes of interpretation or metaphorical creation. The human mind, in its cognitive interpretation, prefers direct reference according to the natural tendency to categorization. That is why the principle of unwillingness against the evocation effort triggers off first lexicalization and then literalization of the metaphorical expressions
Lenglet, Sébastien. "A propos de spectacles mis en scène par Daniel Mesguich entre 1991 et 1997 à (La Métaphore) : "une métaphore de l'éternel et de l'instant"." Lille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL30057.
Full textThis work is based on the semiological analysis of the 13 productions by Daniel Mesguich shown at the Metaphore Theater in Lille, France between 1991 and 1997. A cross-synthesis of the various productions is proposed while focusing on notions such as Origins, Drama, the Self and the Double. Throughout the work, which always depends on a time gap, the idea of Spectrum is always present - hence the title. Moreover, this work relies on the various works by Daniel Mesguich and tries as most as possible - to give an objective analysis of the plays. Among the essential aspects of his work, some of them are recurrent : the book shown as a multisymbolic image ; a practice very much inspired by Hamlet by Shakespeare, giving it an almost constant metatheatrality ; a complex and double - meaning treatment of the Racinian verse ; a rigorous scenography of movements set in a highly significant space on stage ; finally, a very precise work on the language, and more especially on the difficult relation between the words and their visual representation on stage
Fortier, Anne-Marie. "La lecture a l'oeuvre, René Char et la métaphore Rimbaud." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ44431.pdf.
Full textFortier, Anne-Marie. "La lecture à l'oeuvre : René Char et la métaphore Rimbaud." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34724.
Full textThis analysis, which traces the passage---from the latent to the manifest---of the figure of Rimbaud through Char's works, is situated at the junction of two series of texts, one "interior" (Char's writings on Rimbaud), the other "exterior" (twentieth-century interpretations of Rimbaud). Intertexuality, understood to mean the influence of Rimbaud on Rene Char, emerges as a reading, that is a "critique" of Rimbaud, the elaboration of a "Rimbaldian" text of which Char himself is the legatee.
What is designated in this thesis as the "metaphore Rimbaud" in the work of Rene Char refers to a process of aesthetic conceptualization rooted in the figure of Rimbaud. The "conceptual metaphor" (a notion borrowed from the works of Judith Schlanger) constructs rather than describes an interpretation. The metaphor is thus a means of intellectual invention, a heuristic act and an instrument of investigation. For Char, the metaphorical Rimbaud is the space into which he projects and imagines the work to be created. Thus, the figure of Rimbaud, through a working and reworking of discrepancies and margins, is gradually transformed by the poet and becomes, finally, a true metaphor, that is, a conceptual hypothesis which is supple and ample enough to accommodate all of Char's poetry.
Ajavon, Anoumou Adodo. "La néologie sémantique de l'anglais contemporain : conversion, métaphore et métonymie." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040108.
Full textConversion, metaphor and metonymy represent the major semantic mechanisms of contemporary english "lexicogenesis". Conversion deals with the grammatical status of the "signified" and consists in transferring a lexis from a grammatical class to another (example: a mother derives into to mother). It implies miscellaneous syntactico-semantic relations between the base and the derived word. Metaphor and metonymy deal with the substance of the signified and roughly consist in naming an entity or a notion to signify another. Metaphor is based on a relationship of analogy between the two terms (example: a pig, for a dirty or greedy person) while metonymy is based on a relationship of logical association between the terms (example: the white house for the president). Both are part of our daily conversations and we usually use them unconsciously but they sometimes give more impetus, more dynamism to our language
Patiño-Lakatos, Gabriela. "La métaphore comme opération charnière entre pensée, langage et monde." Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA083906.
Full textThis thesis exposes a reflection on metaphor at the convergence of philosophy, anthropology, linguistics and psychoanalysis. We claim that metaphor is the scene of articulation between the fundamental domains of subject, language and world. The concept of metaphor has been traditionally inscribed in philosophical thought concerning these three domains which has led through the centuries to the concept of representation. Therefore, we reformulate metaphor in light of this question of representation; we suggest that we can speak of metaphor-representation in some circumstances. We study this double concept in respect to connections between sign and thing, signifier and signified, subject and language. This work points out two main ideas: on the one hand, the human issue of metaphor is the co-institution of subject and object. Through metaphor, the human being is above all confronted with the problem of being fixed, although he is doomed to semiotic play. On the other hand, metaphor is a structuring act which has a mythological-political function. Some metaphors, because of their power of fascination, direct our lives and give us behavior patterns. The most powerful metaphors are not those which we create, but those which we have inherited. In this sense, we turn our attention especially to the materiality of the speech act and its effects. We develop these ideas on the basis of several corpora: examples coming from the language of poetry, every-day life and politics, but also from other semiotic expressions, more particularly, caricature and Studiolo of the Renaissance
Kim, Hyeon Ju. "Métaphore et Traduction : pour une étude épistémologique de la traductologie." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA012.
Full textOver the last few decades, remarkable headway has been made in Translation Studies. Interaction withother neighboring disciplines has made Translation Studies expand its field of investigation. In particular,the conceptual field of translation reached an extensive area well beyond the interlingual transfer. Yet, acomplex picture of discipline that consists of multiple approaches reveals that there is little consensusamong scholars in the field of Translation Studies. Moreover, the expansion of the notion of translationmay seem obscure the main subject of study. Given this situation, there is a greater need to undertake theepistemological reflections within the discipline.In line with this, this thesis proposes to investigate on a common ground between various theoreticalpositions on the translation activity by revisiting the points of convergence between metaphor andtranslation that are closely linked, both historically and conceptually in the domain of Western culture.For this critical and meta-theoretical analysis, the metaphor take many different forms including cognitivetool to provide the understanding of the act of translation, argumentative method to impose newtheoretical models, the object of translation, and the mirror of translation theories
Levy-Lendzinska, Aleksandra. "Herta Müller. La Bascule du souffle, une métaphore de l'indicible." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCA003.
Full textWith her latest novel Atemschaukel/The Hunger Angel (Nobel Prize) of Herta Müller co-written with Oskar Pastior, the Romanian-born German writer opens up a new line of research. With Atemschaukel/ The Hunger Angel she broaches an historical and testimonial taboo that emerges as a work with universal reach. The writer belongs to the 1.5 generation (Ruban Suleiman) who express memories not experienced in the past through imagination (Marianne Hirsch). Documenting the collective and cultural memory through the aesthetic power of recollection, the novelist belongs to the ‘community of thought’ (Catherine Coquio) of first generation ‘postmemory’ authors (like Charlotte Delbo, Robert Antelme, Primo Levi, Jorge Semprun, Jean Cayrol) by undermining moral and aesthetic criteria about the extermination and forced labour camps, Stalinism, and Nationalism. As research into the literary devices of the novelist, this thesis ties in with analysis of the forms of writing used by witness-authors coming from experience of the camps, like this of Oskar Pastior. Interpreting constraint (Formzwang) in his aesthetic fonction, this investigation concludes by declaring the constraint as a pharmakon in both senses of the word: remedy and poison. The research on this novel anticipates further development of studies on the Oulipian Oskar Pastior, and so in a reciprocal manner sheds new light on the work of the world-famous German poet
Fisler, Marie. "Histoire de la métaphore de l'arbre dans les sciences naturelles." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MNHN0024.
Full textIn History of Science, we usually form "groups" of thinkers: Evolutionists, Lamarckians, Darwinians or Teleogians. But, although these categories are fully described, they are neither formalized nor transparent. Before the 1960's, it was the same in the field of Systematics (the science of classification of life): taxonomic groups were not formalized. But the rise of rigorous comparative methods allowed taxonomists to create nested groups by coding the anatomical similarities. Those methods are here reused. With it, we encode the similarities among the trees developed by different Natural History authors. Then, we compare 234 trees drawn between 1555 and 2012. This produces a "tree of trees": a hierarchical representation of the sharing of ideas among authors. This tree allows us to formally find categories already known, to discover new categories, and even see that some categories are not homogeneous. But it also allows us to study the circulation of ideas among authors and to investigate historical controversies
Freddi, Sébastien. "Métaphore, verticalité et affect : l’influence du mouvement vertical sur le jugement : étude des métaphores conceptuelles relatives à l’affect, aux informations sociales et au langage." Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100089.
Full textThis thesis investigates the influence of motion, as a behavioral component, on the affective judgment in the framework of conceptual metaphor. We hypothesize that vertical motion is an important bodily experience to determine affective judgment about valenced stimuli, social information and linguistic cues. Three researches were conducted. The first research examines the effect of perceived vertical motion on affective judgments of valenced stimuli. Three experiments allow us to confirm that a metaphor congruency effect was brought into play in determining affective judgments about valenced stimuli which were associated to the direction of vertical motion. Our second research studies the effect of perceived vertical motion on affective judgments about social information (competence and warmth). Our results confirm the significance of perceived vertical motion in the functional perspective of social judgment. These experiments highlight the important effect of competence for affective adaptation of individuals when bodily experiences about vertical motion are activated. Finally, our last research investigates that motion, opposed to static, and its vertical direction are bodily experiences allowing us to differentiate affective dimension of dominance and valence, in studying linguistic cues. Our experiments show that the nature of linguistic cues (verbs vs. Nouns) favours the activation of dominance, whereas direction of vertical motion, expressed by linguistic cues, favour the activation of valence. So, this thesis corroborates the significance of bodily experiences, and more precisely vertical motion, on emotional and cognitive components of behaviors adopted by individuals
Mompelat, Rodrigue. "La problématique sémantique et cognitive de la métaphore : littéralité, traduction, catégorisations, étude cognitive polymorphe (linguistico-computationnelle, logique mathématique, philosophique, cybernétique et biologique) de métaphores de la terminologie informatique UNIX." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0003.
Full textTumia, Francesca. "La métaphore comme "passeur culturel" dans l'oeuvre de Vénus Khoury-Ghata." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA140/document.
Full textThrough her literary works, Francophone Lebanese writer Vénus Khoury-Ghata who resides in Paris, suggests an alternative idea to that of the isolated representation of Lebanon and of the Lebanese identity. Expressed in French from the outside of her motherland’s limits, her point of view makes good use of her marginalization towards the national literature which worries about its “cultural authenticity” while aiming to invent other images of her own country.The literary effect produced through the writing of her poetry and novels, which is situated and placed in the meeting point of cultures and languages, is thought particularly striking through her use of the metaphor. This figure of speech is contemplated primarily through the issues about the representation of the Nation, and it is then dealt with its function of “cultural crossing” through text, firstly in an intercultural perspective and secondly in a transcultural one. Seeing that they consider culture as a process rather than that of heritage, the khouryghatien metaphor in the text stands as a way of disclosing the realms of “possibles” in the Identity studies. In this sense, it plays the same role in Vénus Khoury-Ghata’s work as the Relation in Glissant’s total world. Through the metaphor task, khouryghatien poetry and novels widen national consciousness to the world by encouraging the meeting among multiple cultures and it also works for understanding and reconstructing the identity of the Lebanese people
Attraverso le sue creazioni letterarie Vénus Khoury-Ghata, scrittrice libanese francofona residente a Parigi, propone un'alternativa ad una rappresentazione separativa del Libano e dell'identità libanese. Il suo punto di vista, elaborato in francese "dall'esterno", mette a profitto la propria marginalizzazione rispetto ad una letteratura nazionale attenta a preservare un’"autenticità culturale" per creare immagini diverse del suo paese d'origine. L'effetto letterario e stilistico prodotto da una scrittura - e in versi e in prosa - situata nell'intersezione di culture e lingue, riesce particolarmente incisivo nell'uso della metafora. Questa figura stilistica viene esaminata anzitutto attraverso le problematiche della rappresentazione del significato nazionale, quindi nella sua funzione di "passeur culturale" nel testo, dapprima nell'ambito di una prospettiva interculturale e poi entro una prospettiva transculturale. Qualora si intenda la cultura come un processo "in fieri" anziché un patrimonio esclusivo da salvaguardare, la metafora khouryghatiana appare come un dispositivo stilistico atto ad aprire dei "possibili" nei discorsi identitari. In questo senso essa gioca nell’opera di Khoury-Ghata lo stesso ruolo della Relazione nella totalità-mondo di Édouard Glissant. Tramite la creazione della metafora, l'opera khouryghatiana apre, dunque, la consapevolezza nazionale a quella mondiale favorendo l'incontro tra più culture e concorre alla comprensione e alla ricostruzione identitaria del popolo libanese
Mayele, Ilo. "Gémellité, mythe et métaphore: contribution à la pensée de la dualitude." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212278.
Full textJeanne, Florian. "Métaphore d’interaction gestuelle en environnement virtuel : application à l’apprentissage de gestes." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2398/document.
Full textIn the light of our work, we were interested in precise gesture learning in virtual environment. In these environments, learners can train in safer and longer training sessions than in real environments, using augmented feedback that wouldn’t be available otherwise—such as a 3D trace of canonical movements or the opportunity to see your gesture from a different point of view. However, in the context of gesture guidance, most of the usual visual metaphors do not tackle the dependency they generate. The guidance hypothesis, from motor learning theories, states that the continuous use of feedback during early phases of learning leads to a dependency on the feedback. Learners are no longer able to properly reproduce the requested gesture or task without the help of this feedback. However, in virtual environments the use of augmented feedback remains necessary for training. To deal with this issue, we propose a new dynamic metaphor for 3D interaction in virtual environments, based on the visual modality. Our approach is focus users’ training on their intrinsic feedback, by using a trial-and-error strategy. Our metaphor shows users’ trajectory errors in real time, implicitly spurring them to correct these errors. We assume that when the metaphor is no longer visible, learners are able to properly reproduce the gesture using their past experiences. We conducted a first experiment to evaluate the capacity of our metaphor to properly guide learners during gesture training. Then, a second experiment showed that the metaphor allowed learners to improve their performance and that it further reduced the dependency than usual guiding metaphors
Lillkung, Lilianna. "À la recherche de la métaphore scientifique - termes médicaux en traduction." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-37626.
Full textBerthelot, Pierre. "Le “mediamagasin” : une métaphore pour penser la mutation du design d’environnement." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040154.
Full textTo day stores are “medias”, according the interprofessional actors of distribution. From the point of view of retail designer, this metaphor means that he is not only specialized in the merchant aspect of stores but also in its communication part. So this image confirms implicitly the communicational identity of the know-how of this job. In spite of the seductiveness of this image the requalification of the retail designer object implies a certain number of questions from the SIC ’s point of view , specially the validity of the word “media”. The use, methodological, theorical and conceptual resources of this discipline does not mean to examine the truth of this metaphor. Here I try to clarify from a scientifical point of view what’s going on with the retail design through the use of “mediastore” image. My own method, sociosemiotic, consist in exploring successively different aspects as to show how complex this object is, at the same time, social, technical and semiotic facts
Dallaire, Paul. "Pouvoirs spécifiques de la métaphore poétique : suivi de Chasseur de montagne." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1999. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3367/1/000658923.pdf.
Full textFourment-Aptekman, Marie-Claude. "La métaphore chez l'enfant : étude des relations entre production et compréhension au cours du développement." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H080.
Full textUntil the mid eighties, some psychologists claimed that children's production of metaphors was culminating about 3-4 years, whil comprehension of metaphors was beginning around 7-8 years. Our work shows that the apparent precosciousness of metaphoric productions is due to the fact that metaphors and pseudometaphors are not well differentiated. The latter being symbolic productions during play and imaginery renamings. When pseudo - metaphors are distinguished from metaphors, it appears that the delay between production and comprehension is less marked, and that comprehension would appear earlier than production. In the other hand, the different types of meteriels used in experiments : pictures or objects, simple or composite, and linguistic context, do not always help the children and to not play the same role in production and comprehension tasks. As a conclusion, it is the evolution f cognitive, linguistic and metalinguistic factors which allows the emergence of a
Duvignau, Karine. "La métaphore, berceau et enfant de la langue : la métaphore verbale comme approximation sémantique par analogie dans les textes scientifiques et les productions enfantines (2-4 ans)." Toulouse 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU20053.
Full textThis study proposes seeing verbal metaphor not as a divergence in relation to the usual functioning of language but as a phenomenon which reflects one of the principal means of organising the lexicon. We analyse the "unusual" utterances with verbal pivots produced by adults in scientific texts with didactic aim and by children of 2-4 years of age, in the process of constituting the lexicon. We establish that the verbal metaphors as well as the productions of metaphoric appearance of 2/4 year-old children, constitute semantic approximations by analogy which contribute to the lexicon building (and not errors or metaphors) concerning the child, and play a role of intra-lingual "translator" as concerns the adult, and reflect the organisation of the verbal lexicon according to a relation of co-hyponymy intra-domain vs co-hyponymy inter-domains. We consider three repercussions of this work: in the automatic processing of the verb lexicon, in the early-learning of the lexicon, and also in language pathology