Academic literature on the topic 'Metaphorical concepts'
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Journal articles on the topic "Metaphorical concepts"
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Mason, Zachary J. "CorMet: A Computational, Corpus-Based Conventional Metaphor Extraction System." Computational Linguistics 30, no. 1 (March 2004): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089120104773633376.
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CorMet is a corpus-based system for discovering metaphorical mappings between concepts. It does this by finding systematic variations in domain-specific selectional preferences, which are inferred from large, dynamically mined Internet corpora. Metaphors transfer structure from a source domain to a target domain, making some concepts in the target domain metaphorically equivalent to concepts in the source domain. The verbs that select for a concept in the source domain tend to select for its metaphorical equivalent in the target domain. This regularity, detectable with a shallow linguistic analysis, is used to find the metaphorical interconcept mappings, which can then be used to infer the existence of higher-level conventional metaphors. Most other computational metaphor systems use small, hand-coded semantic knowledge bases and work on a few examples. Although Cor Met's only knowledge base is Word Net (Fellbaum 1998) it can find the mappings constituting many conventional metaphors and in some cases recognize sentences instantiating those mappings. CorMet is tested on its ability to find a subset of the Master Metaphor List (Lakoff, Espenson, and Schwartz 1991).
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Gibbs, Raymond W. "Why many concepts are metaphorical." Cognition 61, no. 3 (December 1996): 309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-0277(96)00723-8.
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Holmquist, Kelly. "Shifting meanings, forgotten meanings: metaphor as a force for language change." DELTA: Documentação de Estudos em Lingüística Teórica e Aplicada 22, spe (2006): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-44502006000300008.
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All living languages are in a constant state of evolution. Metaphorical usage is an important driving factor in that process of evolution; the blending of concepts within metaphor leads to the diversification of the reference of words used metaphorically. It can occur that a metaphorical usage becomes conventionalized. This, in turn, leads to shifts in the meanings of those words. Metaphorical usage can occur in a variety of forms, including metonymy, synecdoche, and euphemism. The effects of metaphorical usage-and the closely related figure, simile-can even be seen in the evolution of the grammatical structures of many languages. I present various examples which demonstrate the role of metaphorical usage in the evolution of word-meanings and grammatical structures from PIE to modern Indo-European languages.
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BRUGMAN, BRITTA C., CHRISTIAN BURGERS, and BARBARA VIS. "Metaphorical framing in political discourse through words vs. concepts: a meta-analysis." Language and Cognition 11, no. 1 (March 2019): 41–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2019.5.
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abstractConceptual metaphor theory and other important theories in metaphor research are often experimentally tested by studying the effects of metaphorical frames on individuals’ reasoning. Metaphorical frames can be identified by at least two levels of analysis: words vs. concepts. Previous overviews of metaphorical-framing effects have mostly focused on metaphorical framing through words (metaphorical-words frames) rather than through concepts (metaphorical-concepts frames). This means that these overviews included only experimental studies that looked at variations in individual words instead of at the broader logic of messages. For this reason, we conducted a meta-analysis (k = 91, N = 34,783) to compare the persuasive impact of both types of metaphorical frames. Given that patterns of metaphor usage differ across discourse domains, and that effects may differ across modalities and discourse domains, we focused on one mode of presentation and one discourse domain only: verbal metaphorical framing in political discourse. Results showed that, compared to non-metaphorical frames, both metaphorical-words and metaphorical-concepts frames positively influenced beliefs and attitudes. Yet, these effects were larger for metaphorical-concepts frames. We therefore argue that future research should more explicitly describe and justify which level of analysis is chosen to examine the nature and effects of metaphorical framing.
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Dobosh, Oksana, Solomiia Albota, and Olesia Saban. "CONCEPTOLOGY OF NATURAL ELEMENTS COMPARED TO THE “BREXIT” CONCEPT." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 9(77) (January 30, 2020): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-9(77)-35-39.
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The article deals with the concepts of natural elements in comparison with the concept of “Brexit” from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. Metaphorical models of “Brexit – The Element of Earth”, “Brexit – The Element of Water”, “Brexit – The Element of Air” and “Brexit – The Element of Fire” have been developed and the structure of each of them has been considered. The structure of the metaphorical model has been represented by such frames and their slots: the metaphoric model “Brexit – The Element of Earth” (Frame: Earth Movements; Slots: “Earthquake”, “Landlide”; Frame: State of the Earth; Slot: “Drought”), the metaphoric model “Brexit – The Element of Water” (Frame: State of the Water; Slots: Ice, Boiling Water, Clouds; Frame: Water Motion; Slots: Water Stream, Storm, Waves, Murky Waters), the metaphoric model “Brexit – The Element of Air (Frame: Speed of movement of air masses; slots: “Wind”, “Hurricane”, “Tornado”) and the metaphoric model “Brexit – the Element of Fire” (Frames: Flame, Light; Fire; Volcano). It has been established that the latest metaphorical blend of “Brexit – The Element of Fire” is not subdivided into slots. The peculiarities of the usage of verbal means in the examples of contemporary English political journals, which illustrate the above structure of the research, have been regarded.
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Деева, Наталья. "Перцертивные метафоры в репрезентации концептов «ЖИЗНЬ» и «ŻУСIE»." Acta Polono-Ruthenica 4, no. XXII (October 2, 2018): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/apr.1239.
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A special role in the representation of abstract concepts belongs to the metaphor. The concept “life” in Russian and Polish languages is objectified through metaphors of perception. Metaphorically life is described through signs of color, taste, smell, tactile characteristics. The metaphors of perception, which are used as a means of representation of these concepts, are a way of expressing an emotional assessment. The similarity of a large number of metaphorical models in Russian and Polish languages says about stereotype representation by the speakers of both languages such abstract form as life.
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BEZEN, Sevim, Isil AYKUTLU, Nilgun Secken, and Celal BAYRAK. "Metaphorical Perceptions of the Concepts “Teaching Profession” and “Raising Students”." Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 17, no. 71 (October 20, 2017): 141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2017.71.8.
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Alyabysheva, Yu A., A. A. Veryaev, and B. B. Ermakov. "Metaphoric Nature of Views on Digital Transformation of Education." Prepodavatel XXI vek, no. 4, 2019 (2019): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2073-9613-2019-4-9-19.
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The article considers one of the current directions in the development of pedagogical knowledge that affects pedagogical practice and is based on the use of metaphors. Metaphors in pedagogy are quite widespread. This statement is illustrated by several examples. Often metaphors are hidden and are clearly not recognized. The article attempts to detect and describe some patterns of the process of pedagogical signifying and comprehension of metaphorical concepts. In the text of the article, the authors focused primarily on the metaphors of numbers, digital transformation and the route or individual trajectory in education. It is shown that the most contradictory definitions of metaphorical views are associated with the complex and multidimensional nature of pedagogical concepts, in particular, the larger the time/duration scales implicitly inherent in a pedagogical concept, the more diverse the content attributed to a metaphorical concept can be, the more values are generated, the more discrepancies are present in definitions given by pedagogical researchers to metaphorical concepts. It is concluded that it is necessary to take into account the definitions of the multivalent nature of concepts and ideas used in pedagogy.
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Kolokolnikova, Oksana. "The Basis of Robert Bridges’ Metaphoric System in his Late Lyrics." Izvestia of Smolensk State University, no. 1 (53) (April 12, 2021): 143–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2021-53-1-143-155.
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The author’s metaphorical system is an important feature of an individu-al style. The metaphor studies provide information of peculiarities of the au-thor’sconcepts sphere or his mental picture of the world. The article considers the metaphorical system features in the late lyrics of Robert Bridges, the poet-laureate, a prominent representative of the English poetry of the late 19th –ear-ly 20th centuries. The article focuses on the most frequent concept-targets and concept-sources, namely those phenomena that have attracted the writer’s greatest attention and, to his mind, need to be rethought and concepts that are more intuitively clear in the author’s opinion.As a result of the metaphor analys of the poems by Robert Bridges, the information about the peculiarities of the author’s concepts sphere realized in his late lyrics has been received and the frequency core among the concept-sources and concept-targets has been identified and described. On the basis of the obtained data, the article has compared the peculiarities of the metaphoric interpretation in R. Bridges’ late and early lyrics, identified similar features and differences, as well as made conclusions about changes in the author’s mental picture of the world.
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Shan, Xinxin, and Aunga Solomon Onchoke. "Metaphorical motion in Chinese." Cognitive Linguistic Studies 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 230–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cogls.00020.sha.
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Abstract This paper focuses on metaphorical motion in the Chinese language by investigating how various abstract concepts are construed in terms of spatial motion. The claim that the primary metaphor, change is motion, is central to metaphorical motion is confirmed, and we further examine sorts of target domains that are structured by spatial motion, the corresponding mappings in metaphors of entity-location pairs and orientational metaphors. Moreover, we explore how systematicity and complexity have structured the whole system. Through systematicity, coherence between different mappings and within one mapping are analyzed, and two concepts of “event” – event in “event-structure concepts” and in “motion event frame” are observed and are shown to be interrelated. By means of complexity, the specific issue of entity-location duality in metaphorical motion is discussed, and experiential bases – including physical, social and cultural basis for metaphorical motion is also considered.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Metaphorical concepts"
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Sundqvist, Jenny. "In other words : Metaphorical concepts in translation." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-77558.
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Awareness of metaphors brings awareness to how language is structured in a text. This study, based on Lakoff & Johnson’s theory of conceptual metaphors, will discuss the different types of metaphorical concepts found in the source text and target text during the translation of two articles by the author Mohsin Hamid. The quantitative part of the study will present different types of metaphors and how they translate into Swedish. The qualitative part will focus on how the author uses, and constructs his own, structural metaphors as a rhetorical device. Newmark and Schäffner’s translation strategies for metaphors will be considered and applied in combination with two translation theories: Nord’s theory of text functions alongside Venuti’s foreignisation theory. The findings will suggest that an increased awareness of metaphorical concepts can be beneficial for translators and assist them in understanding how the author of the source text has structured the language and thought content in the text.
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Teranishi, Takahiro. "Concept formation through iconicity basic shapes and their related metaphorical extensions in English and Japanese /." University of Sydney. Linguistics, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/598.
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Abstract One of the ways for a speaker to make sense of an object or event in the real world is to make use of iconicity between two things. Through iconic metaphorical extensions, the speaker connects the object or event to something else. In this study, I consider how speakers form concepts through iconic metaphorical extensions, examining how they metaphorically extend one concept to another. I suggest that all speakers use the same ways of forming metaphorical extensions and control metaphorical extensions according to their intentions and contexts. Using basic and simple shapes (e.g. 0) and their related metaphorical expressions (e.g. `a circular argument'), I discuss the role of iconicity in metaphorical understanding, the relationship between concept and language, and metaphorical extensions as tools of concept formation. I conduct descriptive investigations using dictionaries and compare related senses for particular basic shapes between English and Japanese, looking at their polysemous networks and historical changes. Using questionnaires, interviews and tasks with native speakers of English and Japanese, I conduct experimental investigations to examine the speakers' associations in relation to basic shapes and the degree of iconicity in metaphorical extensions. This study suggests that concepts, although probably stored in the mental space, are recreated every time they occur. Concept formation through iconic metaphorical extensions must be dynamic because it is based on 'extensions' of existing concepts, and must be universal to all speakers because metaphorical extensions are among the most basic mental activities of human beings. I propose dynamic and universal models which represent the way in which a speaker forms concepts, connecting a linguistic form and a mental picture and controlling iconic metaphorical extensions. These models contribute to understanding both similarities and differences in use of metaphorical extensions between English and Japanese.
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Scheible, Colleen G. "THE USE OF SPATIAL, TEMPORAL, AND METAPHORICAL TERMS BY CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1556746121099907.
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Al-Harrasi, A. N. K. "Metaphor in (Arabic-into-English)translation with specific reference to metaphorical concepts and expressions in political discourse." Thesis, Aston University, 2001. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/14839/.
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Cognitive linguistics scholars argue that metaphor is fundamentally a conceptual process of mapping one domain of experience onto another domain. The study of metaphor in the context of Translation Studies has not, unfortunately, kept pace with the discoveries about the nature and role of metaphor in the cognitive sciences. This study aims primarily to fill part of this gap of knowledge. Specifically, the thesis is an attempt to explore some implications of the conceptual theory of metaphor for translation. Because the study of metaphor in translation is also based on views about the nature of translation, the thesis first presents a general overview of the discipline of Translation Studies, describing the major models of translation. The study (in Chapter Two) then discusses the major traditional theories of metaphor (comparison, substitution and interaction theories) and shows how the ideas of those theories were adopted in specific translation studies of metaphor. After that, the study presents a detailed account of the conceptual theory of metaphor and some hypothetical implications for the study of metaphor in translation from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. The data and methodology are presented in Chapter Four. A novel classification of conceptual metaphor is presented which distinguishes between different source domains of conceptual metaphors: physical, human-life and intertextual. It is suggested that each source domain places different demands on translators. The major sources of the data for this study are (1) the translations done by the Foreign Broadcasting Information Service (FBIS), which is a translation service of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in the United Sates of America, of a number of speeches by the Iraqi president Saddam Hussein during the Gulf Crisis (1990-1991) and (2) official (governmental) Omani translations of National Day speeches of Sultan Qaboos bin Said of Oman.
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Opfermann, Maja. "Faszination und Gewohnheit - Metaphern des Computerumgangs junger Männer." Master's thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-70352.
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Die vorliegende Arbeit hat ihre entstehungsgeschichtlichen Wurzeln in der öffentlichen und wissenschaftlichen Diskussion über die Risiken und Potentiale der Computernutzung. Hinzu kam neben der persönlichen Aufmerksamkeit für die metaphorische Zusammensetzung von Sprache auch die besondere Stellung dieser im Bezug auf die Computernutzung. Aus verschiedenen Perspektiven wurden diese Phänomene näher betrachtet. Dabei stehen neben der öffentlichen Diskussion und der fachlichen Auseinandersetzung nach einem forschungsmethodischen Einschub schließlich die männlichen Nutzer zwischen dem 20. und 30. Lebensjahr und ihre metaphorischen Konzepte von Computernutzung im Fokus der Auseinandersetzung. Den theoretischen Hintergrund bilden gestalttheoretische Betrachtungen, Studien über Lebenswelt und Alltag und symbolisch-interaktionistische Auffassungen. Ergänzend wurden theoretische Ausführungen zur Indentitäts- und Rollenentwicklung in Verbindung mit Aspekten geschlechtertypischen Verhaltens herangezogen. Das Vorgehen bei der Erhebung des Inteviewmaterials stützt sich auf die Empfehlungen von Witzel und Schorn zum problem- bzw. themenzentrierten Interview. Nach der Transkription wurden die Gespräche metaphernanalytisch ausgewertet. Die Methode basiert auf dem von Lakoff und Johnson geprägten Metaphernbegriff. In Bezug auf den theoretischen Hintergrund konnten Anknüpfungspunkte bzw. Überschneidungen skizziert werden, die eine Kombination sinnvoll erscheinen lassen. In der Interpretation der dargestellten metaphorischen Konzepte konnte gezeigt werden, dass dem Computer weit mehr Bedeutungen zugeschrieben werden als nur die einer mikroelektronischen Maschine, wenngleich deren Eigenschaften als Auslöser für diese Zuschreibungen zu betrachten sind.
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Turner, Carol. "Walking and Wandering among Mountains and Monsters : A study of metaphors and lexical variation in translation in a text about the Lake District." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-86094.
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This essay studies the translation of metaphorical concepts and lexical variation in relation to walking in a text about hiking in the Lake District. These two linguistic features are deemed to be important in fulfilling the communicative intention of the source text and the aim of the essay is to investigate to what extent these two linguistic features have been retained translation and what motivates different translation strategies. The qualitative study of metaphors focuses on the metaphorical concept THE LAKE DISTRICT IS A PERSON analyses how often different translation strategies are employed when translating metaphors. The results show that which strategy was preferred depended on whether the metaphor was lexicalised or novel and a qualitative analysis aims to explain these differences in preference. A qualitative study of the lexical variation regarding walking between the two languages found the number of different words used to be fairly similar in both languages. Context was determined to be more important than the exact meaning when translating words related to hiking. At times context therefore also motivated a single word to be translated into several different words in the target text or vice versa.
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Gras, Isabelle. "La métaphore dans les albums de Shaun Tan : concepts, modes d’expression et réception par les enfants." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BOR30043.
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La métaphore visuelle constitue un procédé récurrent dans les albums de Shaun Tan qui l’utilise pour interroger le regard, dans une démarche inspirée par le surréalisme. S’appuyant sur la théorie de la métaphore conceptuelle de Lakoff et Johnson, cette thèse considère la métaphore comme un processus de construction du sens. L’approche systémique fonctionnelle de l’image de Kress et van Leeuwen permet de dégager les liens entre les procédés visuels et le sens, et les métaphores visuelles sont analysées à partir des catégories déterminées par Forceville. L’étude des métaphores de Tan révèle que ce processus de pensée et son expression visuelle permettent à un public allant de l’adulte à l’enfant d’accéder au sens non littéral des albums. Les métaphores contextuelles des USA et de l’Australie dénoncent les choix de la société contemporaine en matière de migration, sous la forme d’une fable dans The Lost Thing ou d’un roman graphique utopique dans The Arrival tandis que les métaphores verbo-picturales de Tales from Outer Suburbia questionnent la relation entre l’homme, l’animal et la nature. The Red Tree et Rules of Summer développent une réflexion sur les émotions et les relations humaines, à travers les métaphores conceptuelles de la dépression, et les représentations des codes sociaux dans les jeux partagés par deux frères. L’étude de Rules of Summer dans une classe de maternelle montre que de jeunes enfants perçoivent l’inadéquation de l’interprétation littérale de nombreux éléments ou de scènes représentés et cherchent à justifier leurs interprétations. Les images de Tan peuvent ainsi être mises à profit pour construire la compétence métaphorique chez l’enfantVisual metaphor represents a recurrent process in Shaun Tan’s picture books as he uses it to question the reader’s gaze, in a way reminiscent of surrealism. Drawing on Lakoff and Johnson’s conceptual metaphor theory, this thesis considers metaphor as a meaning making process. Kress and van Leeuwen’s systemic functional approach to images accounts for the links between visual processes and meaning, and Forceville’s categories provide a basis to analyze the visual metaphors. The study of Tan’s metaphors reveals that this thinking process and its visual expression make it possible for readers ranging from adults to children to access the non literal meaning of his albums. Contextual metaphors of the USA and Australia denounce contemporary society’s choices regarding migration, through a fable in The Lost Thing or a utopic graphic novel in The Arrival. In Tales from Outer Suburbia, verbo-pictural metaphors question the relationship between men, animals and nature. Emotions and human relationships are evoked and questioned through conceptual metaphors of depression in The Red Tree, and metaphorical representations of social codes through the games shared by two brothers, in Rules of Summer. A study of Rules of Summer in Kindergarten shows that young children perceive the inadequacy of a literal interpretation for many of the represented elements or scenes, and that they try to justify their interpretations. Tan’s images can thus successfully contribute to developing the metaphorical competence of children
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Savina, Elena. "Vocabulaire juridique en tant que ressource stylistique dans la prose de Georges Simenon." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040051.
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La thèse porte sur l’étude de l’emploi stylistique du lexique juridique français dans la prose de Georges Simenon. Il existe un nombre considérable d’ouvrages consacrés à la terminologie juridique, aux concepts de loi et de crime, au comportement discursif des avocats, à l’analyse linguistique des textes de lois, aux problèmes de la traduction du lexique juridique, à l’interférence linguistique, à l’étude des particularités pragmatiques, structurelles et sémantiques des textes des traités, et ainsi de suite. Dans notre thèse, le lexique juridique est étudié du point de vue de la stylistique, ce qui constitue sa nouveauté théorique aussi bien que pratique. Dans le premier chapitre, nous examinons certains termes d’appartenance juridique exclusive selon le classement de Gérard Cornu et nous montrons qu’une sixième partie d’entre eux sont susceptibles, au moins potentiellement, d’acquérir des sens figurés. Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous étudions 53 termes juridiques utilisés par Georges Simenon au sens figuré décrivant de différentes situations de la vie courante, qui, dans la plupart des cas, ne sont pas liées au droit. Dans le troisième chapitre nous analysons, du point de vue opposé, les figures stylistiques employées pour caractériser de différentes situations juridiques présentes dans la prose de Georges Simenon. Ainsi, même si ces figures stylistiques sont relativement peu nombreuses, les recherches effectuées montrent que Georges Simenon, malgré son intention affichée, n’est pas parvenu à éliminer complètement les figures stylistiques, un des éléments constitutifs essentiels du langage poétiqueOur thesis concerns studies of the stylistic use of the French legal vocabulary in Georges Simenon’s prose. In fact, legal terminology, concepts of law and crime, discursive behavior of lawyers, texts of laws, problems of legal translation, those of linguistic interference, those of pragmatic, structural and semantic peculiarities of the language of international agreements, for instance, were examined by different linguists. So, contemporary linguistics are interested in studying legal terminology from different points of view. On the other hand, during the last decades, linguostylistic studies are also developing very quickly. In our thesis, legal terminology is studied from the point of view of stylistics, and this approach constitutes its’ theoretical and practical novelty. In the first chapter we examine some terms belonging exclusively to legal terminology, in accordance with Gerard Cornu’s classification, and we show that in reality approximately one sixth part of them can acquire, at least potentially, some figural meanings. In the second chapter, we study 53 legal terms used by Georges Simenon in their figural meaning to describe different situations from everyday life which, in the most of cases, are not associated with legal situations. In the third chapter we analyze, from the opposite point of view, stylistic figures used to characterize different legal situations presented in Georges Simenon’s prose. To summarize, even if these figures are relatively small in number, our thesis shows that the writer, in spite of his artistic intention, was not able to eliminate them completely and that they remain one of the most important elements of the poetical language
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Malmqvist, Anita. "Sparsamkeit und Geiz, Grosszügigkeit und Verschwendung : ethische Konzepte im Spiegel der Sprache." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Moderna språk, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-61584.
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The object of this study is to analyse the lexemes and phraseological units that constitute the semantic fields employed in naming four abstract domains, greed, thrift, generosity, and extravagance that make up the ethical concept <Attitude to Ownership> in German. On the assumption that ideas are accessible to us through the lexicalised items of a language, recent theories in the field of semantic analysis and conceptualisation were applied to the source material. In each domain key words were identified and their definitions in modern and historical dictionaries were analysed. Various dimensions of meaning, which proved to be inherent in the lexical items, emerged from this analysis. The oppositions a/o (action directed to others vs. to oneself), right/wrong (virtues vs. vices) and too much/ too little vs. the ideal mean were established as central. To achieve a more precise description of meaning tentative explications of cognitive levels were proposed. By means of these the underlying ideas, as they were reflected in the lexical units, could be described. The analysis showed greater variation and expressivity in words, idioms, and proverbs referring to the two vices compared to the virtues. Furthermore, a diachronic study produced evidence of semantic and conceptual changes. On the basis of such observations conclusions could be drawn about changes in the ethical system. The data derived from a contrastive corpus analysis of the German and Swedish key words showed numerous similarities as well as some conspicuous differences in the conceptualisation and valuation of attitudes pertaining to the four abstract domains. Moreover, the key words denoting the two virtues showed a clear domination in frequency, indicating that these are more central conceptual categories in today's society than the vices. An ongoing shift in meaning could be established for the key words naming the latter. Applying modern theories of metaphor and metonymy the experiential basis of meaning and thought was explored, showing that the structures forming the ethical concepts studied in this work are grounded in experiences of a physical and socio- cultural nature. The metaphorical concept ILLNESS emerged as a common source domain for the two vices, while the PATH- concept was shown to form the basis of metaphors expressing the o-virtue but not the a-virtue. Among the numerous métonymie concepts HAND proved to be a characteristic of all four domains.digitalisering@umu
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Norell, Rebecca. ""... men allra viktigast är det att vara metaforisk." : En analys av metaforer i rättstillämpningen." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för retorik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-326112.
Full textBooks on the topic "Metaphorical concepts"
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Nietzsche's noontide friend: The self as metaphoric double. University Park, Pa: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1997.
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Kuźniak, Marek. Foreign words and phrases in English: Metaphoric astrophysical concepts in lexicological study. Wrocław: Wydawn. Uniw. Wrocławskiego, 2009.
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Pedone, Valentina, and Ikuko Sagiyama, eds. Transcending Borders. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-403-9.
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These days, it seems that many people are concerned with borders, confines, and walls more than ever. We chose “transcending borders” as the theme and title of the volume, hinting at the concept of bridging boundaries, in any possible context and domain, metaphorical or concrete. By proposing this theme, we want to reflect on the opportunities that are to be gained through the overcoming of borders, on what can be accomplished by calling into question old norms, on the implementations of less familiar norms, and on the renegotiation of individual limits and horizons. This collection gathers seven articles on the theme of borders: the first four articles deal with Chinese presence in Italy today; the three articles in the field of Japanese Studies elaborate on the concept of borders in literary terms.
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Nogales, Patti, and Patti D. Nogales. Metaphorically Speaking. Center for the Study of Language and Inf, 1999.
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Nogales, Patti, and Patti D. Nogales. Metaphorically Speaking. Center for the Study of Language and Inf, 1999.
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Baron, Alan, John Hassard, Fiona Cheetham, and Sudi Sharifi. Conclusions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813958.003.0011.
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The final chapter brings together a series of conclusions based on the preceding study of workplace attitudes, behaviour, and experiences within an English hospice. Initially it examines the nature of relationships between the three concepts that form the analytical core of this study—culture, identity, and image. This includes a wide-ranging critical review of these concepts in relation to the relevant fields of literature in management and organization theory. Subsequently a number of limitations are considered with regard to the use of Schein’s well-known three-level model of culture as a framework for guiding empirical research. The chapter ends by discussing some metaphorical issues relevant to the study and specifically makes proposals for perceiving organization culture as something that is philosophically fluid, uncertain, and in flux.
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Spencer, Alexander. Metaphorizing Terrorism. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038860.003.0005.
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This chapter shows that metaphors in the media actively take part in the construction of the world as we see it, think of it, and ultimately react to it. By projecting understandings from one conceptual area, such as war, to a different area, such as terrorism, metaphors naturalize specific countermeasures while placing other options outside of the mainstream debate. Metaphors are mechanisms for cognitive engagement by making abstract concepts and phenomena that are difficult to grasp, such as terrorism, comprehendible. The chapter begins by illustrating the concept of metaphors, reflecting on what metaphors do, and thereby outlining a method of metaphorical analysis. It then applies this method to tabloid news media discourse in Germany and the UK, and examines the four dominant conceptual metaphors that construct the terrorism of al Qaeda and Osama bin Laden in these media. These conceptual metaphors are: terrorism is war, terrorism is crime, terrorism is uncivilized evil, and terrorism is disease. The chapter concludes by reflecting on some of the differences between media representations in Germany and the UK, and outlines some possible explanations for varying metaphor usage.
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Gao, Xiuping, and Chun Lan. Buddhist Metaphors in the Diamond Sutra and the Heart Sutra. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190636647.003.0010.
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This is a study of the metaphorical expressions in the Diamond Sutra and the Heart Sutra from the perspective of cognitive linguistics, with a special emphasis on five concepts, SPACE, TIME, LIFE, BUDDHIST PRACTICE and EMPTINESS. It is found that the Buddhist SPACE is AN UNSUBSTANTIAL EMPTINESS, structured along ten directions and filled with an immeasurable number of dusts, which in turn constitute an immeasurable number of SHI-JIE (WORLD) on four different levels. The Buddhist TIME follows the root TIME-AS-SPACE metaphor. The Buddhist LIFE, constrained along both the temporal dimension and the spatial dimension, is A CYCLIC JOURNEY IN THE WHEEL OF SIX PATHS. BUDDHIST PRACTICE is A JOURNEY FROM REINCARNATION TO NIRVANA. These metaphors help construct a Buddhist world which is distinct from but also related to the mundane world that we all dwell in.
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Okasha, Samir. Agential Thinking and its Rationale. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815082.003.0002.
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Evolutionary biologists often use the language of intentional psychology in an extended or metaphorical sense. This is a symptom of agential thinking, the practice of invoking concepts such as interests, goals, and strategies in evolutionary analysis. Agential thinking comes in two types. In type 1, the agent with the goal is an evolved entity, typically an individual organism. In type 2, the agent is the evolutionary process itself, often personified as ‘mother nature’. Agential thinking of type 2 is misleading. That of type 1 is a valid expression of adaptationist assumptions, but it relies on a crucial presupposition. It presumes that the organism exhibits a unity-of-purpose, in that all of its evolved traits must contribute to a single overall goal. Where this unity fails to obtain, as for example if there is within-organism conflict, it becomes impossible to treat an organism as akin to a rational agent pursuing a goal.
Book chapters on the topic "Metaphorical concepts"
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Vernillo, Paola. "Grounding Abstract Concepts in Action." In Language, Cognition, and Mind, 167–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69823-2_8.
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AbstractSensory-motor information is linguistically encoded by action verbs. Such verbs are not only used to express action concepts and events, but they are also pervasively exploited in the linguistic representation of abstract concepts and figurative meanings. In the light of several theoretical approaches (i.e., Embodied Theories, Conceptual Metaphor Theory, Image Schema Theory), this paper analyzes the mechanisms that enable action verbs to acquire abstract meanings and that motivate the symmetries (or asymmetries) in the semantic variations of locally equivalent verbs (e.g., premere and spingere; Eng., to press and to push). The research is carried out within the IMAGACT framework and focuses on a set of four Italian action verbs encoding force (i.e., premere, spingere, tirare, and trascinare; Eng., to press, to push, to pull, and to drag). The results confirm that metaphorical extensions of action verbs are constrained by the image schemas involved in the core meaning of the verbs. Additionally, the paper shows that these image schemas are responsible for the asymmetries in the metaphorical variation of action verbs pertaining to the same semantic class (i.e., force).
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Kim, Jingoog, and Mary Lou Maher. "Metaphorical Concepts and Framework for Designing Novel Approaches to Interactive Buildings." In Design Computing and Cognition’20, 331–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90625-2_19.
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Gust, Helmar, Kai-Uwe Kühnberger, and Ute Schmid. "10. Ontologies as a cue for the metaphorical meaning of technical concepts." In Studies in Language Companion Series, 191–212. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slcs.92.12gus.
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Döring, Martin, Regine Kollek, Anne Brüninghaus, and Imme Petersen. "Basic Concepts of Systems Biology as Seen Through Systems Biologists’ Eyes: Metaphorical Imagination and Epistemic Presuppositions." In Contextualizing Systems Biology, 27–118. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17106-7_2.
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Wilson, Raymond J. "Metaphoric and Metonymic Symbolism: A Development from Paul Ricoeur’s Concepts." In The Visible and the Invisible in the Interplay between Philosophy, Literature and Reality, 49–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0485-5_4.
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Abdullah, Faizun, Rusmadiah Anwar, and Norhidayah Md Zainuddin. "How Designer Metaphorically Transforms Subject Matter into New Design Concept." In Proceedings of the Art and Design International Conference (AnDIC 2016), 345–53. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0487-3_38.
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Pearson, Kelli R. "Imaginative Leadership: A Conceptual Frame for the Design and Facilitation of Creative Methods and Generative Engagement." In Co-Creativity and Engaged Scholarship, 165–204. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84248-2_6.
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AbstractIn the field of sustainability science, many scholars and practitioners are embracing a ‘humanistic turn’ that draws from psychology and cognitive sciences and from the arts and humanities. Contributing to a spirit of ‘exuberant experimentation’ in the field, this chapter asks: How can creative methods of engagement be operationalized to support the imaginative capacity of researchers and practitioners in the arena of sustainability? In order to address this question, I (a) propose the concept of imaginative leadership to describe the ability to understand and consciously influence the symbolic/metaphorical dimensions of self and others, and (b) explore the process of designing workshops that employ creative methods rooted in ‘transformative mindsets.’ Transformative mindsets refer to specific conceptual frames identified for their potential to disrupt default unsustainable and anthropocentric worldviews and open new spaces of possibility for action and perception. The broad goal of these workshops was to support imaginative leadership towards regenerative sustainability through collaborative experimentation with unconventional methods. Informed by research on metaphorical thinking, somatics, neurocognitive linguistics, and arts-based environmental education, the methods were designed to activate a set of specific transformative mindsets, which were subsequently refined through the process of experimentation and co-reflection during and after the workshops.
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"Metaphorical Communication about Nature." In Perceptions of Knowledge Visualization, 208–24. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4703-9.ch008.
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Metaphors are present in our thoughts and make invisible concepts perceivable. The metaphorical way of perceptual imaging is discussed in this chapter, particularly the use of art and graphic metaphors for concept visualization. We may describe with metaphors the structure and the relations among several kinds of data. Metaphors may represent mathematical equations or geometrical curves and thus make abstract ideas visible. Most metaphors originate from biology-inspired thinking. Nature-derived metaphors support data visualization, information and knowledge visualization, data mining, Semantic Web, swarm computing, cloud computing, and serve as the enrichment of interdisciplinary models. This chapter examines examples of combining metaphorical visualization with artistic principles, and then describes the metaphorical way of learning and teaching with art and graphic metaphors aimed at improving one’s power of conveying meaning, integrating art and science, and visualizing knowledge.
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Jahns, Veit. "The Metaphorical Foundation of Interoperability Artifacts." In Handbook of Research on E-Business Standards and Protocols, 233–48. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0146-8.ch011.
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In this chapter, artifacts designed to facilitate the semantic interoperability between Information Systems are discussed in relation to the so-called metaphor theory. The main assumption of this theory is that the conceptualization of the world is mainly a metaphorical one; i.e., the concepts of a given domain are conceptualized by concepts of a more concrete domain. Based on this theory, selected interoperability artifacts for the modeling and describing public services are discussed and analyzed. In particular, it will be demonstrated how the conceptual metaphor can be used to get a better understanding of the domain the interoperability artifacts are designed for.
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"Excursus 4. On Two Metaphorical Concepts of Human Creation." In Biblical Metaphor Reconsidered, 241–43. BRILL, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004368187_010.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Metaphorical concepts"
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Hey, Jonathan H. G., and Alice M. Agogino. "Metaphors in Conceptual Design." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34874.
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A metaphor allows us to understand one concept in terms of another, enriching our mental imagery and imbuing concepts with meaningful attributes. Metaphors are well studied in design, for example, in branding, communication and the design of computer interfaces. Less well appreciated is that our understanding of fundamental design concepts, including design itself, is metaphorical. When we treat design as a process of exploration or when we get together to “bounce ideas off each other” we understand the abstract concepts of design and ideas metaphorically; ideas don’t literally bounce, nor are we literally exploring when we design. Our research is a descriptive study of the metaphors employed in design. It is the first phase in a longer research effort to understand the impact of design metaphors on creativity. We investigated whether design authors employed different metaphors for the overall design process and consequently for core design concepts. To address this hypothesis we analyzed the language used in the concept generation chapters of nine widely used engineering design textbooks. We coded each metaphorical phrase, such as “finding another route to a solution”, and determined the core metaphors in use for common design concepts including, ideas, problems, solutions, concepts, design, the design process, user needs and others. We confirmed that authors with differing views of design do indeed emphasize different metaphors for core design concepts. We close by discussing the implications of some common metaphors, in particular that Ideas Are Physical Objects.
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Golovnyova, Yuliya, and Albina Novikova. "METAPHORIC REPRESENTATION OF THE CONCEPT “CREATIVE PROCESS” IN V. NABOKOV’S NOVEL “THE GIFT”." In Aktuální problémy výuky ruského jazyka XIV. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9781-2020-10.
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Descriptions of the process of artistic creation take an outstanding place in V. Nabokov’s works and abound both in conventional and creative metaphors. In this article we analyze metaphoric representation of the concept “creative process” in V. Nabokov’s novel “The Gift”. The theoretical basis of research is the descriptor theory of metaphor by A.N. Baranov. The article reveals the most frequent metaphorical models of creative process in the novel and the areas of its metaphoric conceptualization.
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Valchev, Valeri. "Nietzsche and the search of new values." In 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.06.21225v.
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The aim of the present study is to analyze and present Friedrich Nietzsche's ideas about the role of values in philosophy and their reassessment. Over a period of time, Nietzsche's ideas regained popularity and brought back to the fore the topicality they had never lost. Speaking of F. Nietzsche and his ideas, we cannot fail to mention the concepts of revaluation, superman, Christianity and God. The other characteristic of F. Nietzsche is his aphoristic and metaphorical style, which is sometimes condemned and denied, sometimes supported and welcomed. Nietzsche's aspiration is to go beyond the masses, to search for the new and different in the projection of modern man - as a reappraisal of values and a search for new values. The other goal of the study is to show the similarities and differences of Nietzsche's thought with "dissenting" philosophers. There is a huge amount of literature on the subject, but for the present study, the works of F. Nietzsche will be used in the first place.
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Valchev, Valeri. "Nietzsche and the search of new values." In 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.06.21225v.
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The aim of the present study is to analyze and present Friedrich Nietzsche's ideas about the role of values in philosophy and their reassessment. Over a period of time, Nietzsche's ideas regained popularity and brought back to the fore the topicality they had never lost. Speaking of F. Nietzsche and his ideas, we cannot fail to mention the concepts of revaluation, superman, Christianity and God. The other characteristic of F. Nietzsche is his aphoristic and metaphorical style, which is sometimes condemned and denied, sometimes supported and welcomed. Nietzsche's aspiration is to go beyond the masses, to search for the new and different in the projection of modern man - as a reappraisal of values and a search for new values. The other goal of the study is to show the similarities and differences of Nietzsche's thought with "dissenting" philosophers. There is a huge amount of literature on the subject, but for the present study, the works of F. Nietzsche will be used in the first place.
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Piya, Cecil, and Karthik Ramani. "Proto-TAI: Quick Design Prototyping Using Tangible Assisted Interfaces." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35442.
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In the real world, we use our innate manual dexterity to create and manipulate 3D objects. Conventional virtual design tools largely neglect this skill by imposing non-intuitive 2D control mechanisms for interacting with 3D design models. Their usage is thus cumbersome, time consuming and requires training. We propose a novel design paradigm that combines users’ manual dexterity with the physical affordances of non-instrumented and ordinary objects to support virtual 3D design constructions. We demonstrate this paradigm through Proto-TAI, a quick prototyping application where 2D shapes are assembled into 3D representations of ideated design concepts. Here, users can create 2D shapes in a pen-based sketch medium and use expressive handheld movements of a planar proxy to configure the shapes in 3D space. The proxy provides a metaphorical means for possessing and controlling the shapes. Here, a depth sensor and computer vision algorithms track the proxy’s spatial movement. The 3D design prototype constructed in our system can be fabricated using a laser cutter and physically assembled on-the-fly. Our system has vast implications in many design and assembly contexts, and we demonstrate its usability and efficacy through user studies and evaluations.
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Ceyhan, A. Aykut, and Ismail Yelpaze. "UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ METAPHORICAL PERCEPTIONS OF ‘‘INTERNET” CONCEPT." In International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2016.2281.
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Küçüktamer, Tuğba. "Secondary School Students’ Metaphorical Perceptions of the Concept of English." In International Conference on Research in Education, Teaching and Learning. acavent, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/icetl.2018.11.88.
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Aykutlu, Isil, Celal Bayrak, and Sevim Bezen. "Pre-service teachers’ metaphorical perceptions of “physics” as a concept." In TURKISH PHYSICAL SOCIETY 33RD INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CONGRESS (TPS33). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5025995.
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Kondratyeva, Olga. "Metaphorical Representation Of “Social Networks” Concept In The Russian Online Discourse." In X International Conference “Word, Utterance, Text: Cognitive, Pragmatic and Cultural Aspects”. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.08.84.
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Osinovskaia, Liudmila, and Yuliya Shekhovskaya. "Russian and English metaphorics: Comparative analysis of biathlon discourse." In 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.06.12139o.
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In this article, the authors consider semantic and structural features of the metaphor use in the Russian and English biathlon discourse, as well as metaphor role and use in the biathlon mass media discourse framework. The research of biathlon discourse enriches metaphor definition. The concept “biathlon” serves the material for the analysis of metaphorical meaning transfer. The authors underline its importance as a basic model of the text formation. The researchers pay much attention to the question of metaphorical formation role and functions within biathlon mass media discourse. The article contains information on the classification of basic metaphorical models. The study defines groups of Russian and English metaphors in biathlon mass media discourse and reveals their linguistic and intercultural differences. To obtain data, the authors use comparative analysis method of Russian and English metaphors. The authors prove the importance of metaphors in biathlon mass media discourse quantitatively. That lets them assume metaphor as a means of avoiding speech monotony therefore enhancing its emotional influence within biathlon mass media discourse.
Reports on the topic "Metaphorical concepts"
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Chornodon, Myroslava. FEAUTURES OF GENDER IN MODERN MASS MEDIA. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11064.
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The article clarifies of gender identity stereotypes in modern media. The main gender stereotypes covered in modern mass media are analyzed and refuted. The model of gender relations in the media is reflected mainly in the stereotypical images of men and woman. The features of the use of gender concepts in modern periodicals for women and men were determined. The most frequently used derivatives of these macroconcepts were identified and analyzed in detail. It has been found that publications for women and men are full of various gender concepts that are used in different contexts. Ingeneral, theanalysisofthe concept-maximums and concept-minimum gender and their characteristics is carried out in the context of gender stereotypes that have been forme dand function in the society, system atizing the a ctual presentations. The study of the gender concept is relevant because it reveals new trends and features of modern gender images. Taking into account the special features of gender-labeled periodicals in general and the practical absence of comprehensive scientific studies of the gender concept in particular, there is a need to supplement Ukrainian science with this topic. Gender psychology, which is served by methods of various sciences, primarily sociological, pedagogical, linguistic, psychological, socio-psychological. Let us pay attention to linguistic and psycholinguistic methods in gender studies. Linguistic methods complement intelligence research tasks, associated with speech, word and text. Psycholinguistic methods used in gender psychology (semantic differential, semantic integral, semantic analysis of words and texts), aimed at studying speech messages, specific mechanisms of origin and perception, functions of speech activity in society, studying the relationship between speech messages and gender properties participants in the communication, to analyze the linguistic development in connection with the general development of the individual. Nowhere in gender practice there is the whole arsenal of psychological methods that allow you to explore psychological peculiarities of a person like observation, experiments, questionnaires, interviews, testing, modeling, etc. The methods of psychological self-diagnostics include: the gender aspect of the own socio-psychological portrait, a gender biography as a variant of the biographical method, aimed at the reconstruction of individual social experience. In the process of writing a gender autobiography, a person can understand the characteristics of his gender identity, as well as ways and means of their formation. Socio-psychological methods of studying gender include the study of socially constructed women’s and men’s roles, relationships and identities, sexual characteristics, psychological characteristics, etc. The use of gender indicators and gender approaches as a means of socio-psychological and sociological analysis broadens the subject boundaries of these disciplines and makes them the subject of study within these disciplines. And also, in the article a combination of concrete-historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is implemented. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. Also used is a method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-stamped journals. It was he who allowed quantitatively to identify and explore the features of the gender concept in the pages of periodicals for women and men. A combination of historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is also implemented in the article. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. A method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-labeled journals is also used. It allowed to identify and explore the features of the gender concept quantitatively in the periodicals for women and men. The conceptual perception and interpretation of the gender concept «woman», which is highlighted in the modern gender-labeled press in Ukraine, requires the elaboration of the polyfunctionality of gender interpretations, the comprehension of the metaphorical perception of this image and its role and purpose in society. A gendered approach to researching the gender content of contemporary periodicals for women and men. Conceptual analysis of contemporary gender-stamped publications within the gender conceptual sphere allows to identify and correlate the meta-gender and gender concepts that appear in society.