Academic literature on the topic 'Metastasis deposit'
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Journal articles on the topic "Metastasis deposit"
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Pooja, Malviy, Nanwani Poonam, Jadhav Reena, Singh Meena Hukam, Panchonia Ashok, and Mittal Meena. "A Cytomorphological Study of Metastatic Deposits of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma - With Unusual Case Presentations." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 11 (2024): 120–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14246683.
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<strong>Background:</strong> Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been estimated to be the sixth most common cancer worldwide. The distant metastasis of OSCC is more lethal then regional and plays a critical role in the management and prognosis in oral cancer patients. <strong>Aim:</strong> This study evaluates the role of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for assessing metastatic deposits of oral squamous cell carcinoma in a tertiary care center, India. <strong>Materials & Methods:</strong> This cross-sectional observational study was done in an Indian tertiary care center’s pathology department. Fifty patients with metastasis deposit of oral squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled in this study. Cytology and histopathological examination was done in all cases. <strong>Results:</strong> In the present study oral squamous cell carcinoma is more common in males (62%) then female (38%) and predominantly found in elderly age groups after >40 yrs (84%). Regional metastasis is more commonly seen rather than distance metastasis. Level I & II Lymph nodes involve early. Lung is the most common site in distance metastasis. Survival and outcome is less with distance metastasis. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> OSCC has the potential for regional as well as distant metastasis, and distant metastasis of OSCC lead to significant mortality as compared to regional metastasis.
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Bobic-Radovanovic, Anica, and Zoran Latkovic. "Contralateral eyelid metastasis of uveal melanoma with further systemic dissemination." Vojnosanitetski pregled 67, no. 4 (2010): 336–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp1004336b.
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Background. The usual way of dissemination of an uveal malignant melanoma comprises hematogenous metastases to various organs, liver in the first place. Uncommon development of the disease is always possible, while unusual ways of dissemination and secondary deposits in the unexpected sites have been observed. We presented an unusual case of a patient with uveal melanoma metastatic to the contralateral eyelid with very fast further dissemination in the manner typical for primary malignancies. Case report. This observational case report included a 70-year-old male, enucleated for uveal melanoma in his left eye, appeared again 2.5 years later with a fast growing contralateral eyelid metastasis, followed by submandibular lymph node involvement on the same side and further systemic dissemination. Conclusion. The firts revealed solitary contralateral eyelid metastasis of uveal melanoma is extremely rare, such as an uncommon secondary deposit with a strange way of further dissemination.
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Sana Munir Gill, Ajeej Ijaz, Aamna Hassan, and Hajira Ilyas. "Solitary Osseous Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma on SPECT/CT." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 74, no. 8 (2024): 1555–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.24-65.
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), sixth most common cancer world-over, commonly metastasizes to lung, lymph nodes and adrenal glands. Incidence of osseous metastases in HCC has been reported to be 3-20 % which occurs predominantly in the axial skeleton. It only rarely occurs in the appendicular skeleton and that too as the solitary focus of metastatic deposit.3,4 We present a case of HCC with solitary osseous metastases to the proximal tibia.Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma, bone scan, SPECT/CT, osseous metastasis
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Nambiar, Sudheer, and Asha Karippot. "Multiple Cutaneous Metastases as Initial Presentation in Advanced Colon Cancer." Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine 2018 (2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8032905.
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Skin metastases from advanced colorectal cancer are relatively rare and occur most often when the cancer is advanced, following the spread to other organs. Cutaneous metastases occur in about 3% of advanced colorectal cancers. We present an extremely rare case of a 68-year-old woman with advanced ascending colon adenocarcinoma that presented with multiple rapidly progressing painless cutaneous metastatic lesions with no other distant metastases. Of all the tumors, breast cancer most commonly spreads as cutaneous metastasis is followed by lung, colorectal, renal, ovarian, and bladder cancers. Cutaneous metastases can present in a variety of clinical manifestations, such as a rapidly growing painless dermal or subcutaneous nodule with intact overlying epidermis or as ulcers. In cases where the cutaneous deposit is isolated, as in visceral metastasis, there is a role for radical management such as wide local excision and reconstruction. In our patient, since she had multiple cutaneous metastases she began treatment with palliative systemic combination chemotherapy.
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Monica, S. Mary, Geetha Mohan, and K. N. Ashwini. "A Case Report of Krukenberg’s Tumour." Indian Journal of Continuing Nursing Education 25, no. 2 (2024): 92–97. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcn.ijcn_78_24.
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Krukenberg’s tumour is usually but not always a bilateral involvement of ovaries from metastatic deposit from adenocarcinoma of the stomach and rarely from other gastrointestinal (GI) and non-GI organs. The route of metastasis of this rare condition is still not proven. It is still uncertain whether surgical resection of ovarian metastases and or primary tumour could improve the outcome. This article discusses the care of a lady with Krukenberg’s tumour.
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Opric, D., D. Bilanovic, M. Granic, et al. "Visceral metastases of melanoma: Single institution experience an analysis of 15 cases." Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica 53, no. 3 (2006): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aci0603079o.
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Authors analyzed 15 cases with visceral metastasis of melanoma. In eight cases the primary was unknown but in seven cases the data about primary was known. From 15 patients 10 were male and 5 female. All metastases were in abdominal cavity (liver-3, abdominal lymph nodes-4. stomach-2, bowel- 4, omentum-1, spleen-1, oesophagus-1, adrenal- 2 cases. In one case metastatic deposit was in brain and in one case and the vertebral body. In 6 cases visceral metastases were in more than one location. .
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Pui Ng, Wai, and Andres Lozano. "Abscess Within a Brain Metastasis." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 23, no. 4 (1996): 300–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100038269.
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AbstractBackground: Neoplastic metastases to the cerebellum are a frequent complication in patients with carcinoma. However, the co-existence of an abscess within a CNS metastasis is a rare event. Methods: We report the case of a 79-year-old woman with two cerebellar abscesses within metastatic lesions in the cerebellum. She presented with a rapidly progressing syndrome characterized by elevated intracranial pressure and cerebellar findings. Results: At surgery, a purulent exudate within discrete metastatic tumours was identified. Pathological and microbiological examinations confirmed the coexistence of an abscess within a metastatic carcinoma. Significance and Conclusion: The radiological diagnosis of intracranial abscesses and metastases can be non-specific and brain imaging may not reliably identify both processes when they coexist. Furthermore, brain metastases often contain liquefied material which can be mistaken for tissue necrosis rather than an infectious process. It is important to be aware that a brain metastasis can also be infected. Therefore, acquisition of lesionai tissue for both pathological and microbiological examinations is essential for accurate diagnosis and to direct optimal therapy in situations where the intracranial lesion could be either an abscess or a metastatic deposit.
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Sanki, Amira, Roger F. Uren, Marc Moncrieff, et al. "Targeted High-Resolution Ultrasound Is Not an Effective Substitute for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Patients With Primary Cutaneous Melanoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 33 (2009): 5614–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.21.4882.
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Purpose To reassess traditional ultrasound descriptors of sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastases, to determine the minimum cross-sectional area (CSA) of an SLN metastasis detectable by ultrasound (US), and to establish whether targeted, high-resolution US of SLNs identified by lymphoscintigraphy before initial melanoma surgery can be used as a substitute for excisional SLN biopsy. Methods US was performed on SLNs identified in 871 lymph node fields in 716 patients. SLN biopsy was performed within 24 hours of lymphoscintigraphy and US examination. The CSA of each SLN metastatic deposit was determined sonographically and histologically. Results The sensitivity of targeted US in the detection of positive SLNs was 24.3% (95% CI, 19.5% to 28.7%), and the specificity was 96.8% (95% CI, 95.9% to 97.7%). The sensitivity was highest for neck SLNs (45.8%) and improved with greater Breslow thickness. The median histologic CSA of the SLN metastatic deposits was 0.39 mm2 (12.75 mm2 for US true-positive results and 0.22 mm2 for US false-negative results). True-positive, US-detected SLNs had significantly greater CSAs (t test P < .001) than undetected SLN metastases and were more likely to be spherical in cross-section. More than two sonographic descriptors of SLN metastases or rounding of the node alone were factors highly suggestive of a melanoma deposit. Conclusion US is not an appropriate substitute for SLN biopsy, but it is of value in preoperative SLN assessment and postoperative monitoring.
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Shylashree, Divya B M, and Kush Nimron. "Metastatic mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung: A case report." Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology 8, no. 3 (2021): 433–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2021.086.
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Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a rare form of lung malignancy that is classified into high-grade and low-grade according to its histological characteristics. High-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (HMC) is more aggressive form of malignancy which involves lymph node and distant metastasis. Here, we report a 62-year-old female with complaints of dry cough and generalized weakness was diagnosed to have high grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of lung metastases to lymph nodes, pleura, left adrenal and skeleton. Diagnosis was confirmed by Computed Tomography (CT) which showed numerous lung nodules, biopsy revealing metastatic deposit of mucoepidermoid and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) indicating primary left lung malignancy with metastasis. Despite chemotherapy initiation, the prognosis remained poor.
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Jeon, Gyeong Hwa, Hyeon Seok Oh, In Ho Choi, and Hyung Kwon Byeon. "A Case of Solitary Metastatic Deposit in the Orbital Rim from Follicular Thyroid Cancer." Korean Society for Head and Neck Oncology 37, no. 2 (2021): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21593/kjhno/2021.37.2.105.
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Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is the second most common thyroid cancer, following papillary carcinoma. Metastasis to the orbital rim from FTC is very rare. We recently experienced a case of FTC with metastasis to the orbital rim in a 74-year-old woman, who initially presented with a huge thyroid mass and an asymptomatic solitary orbital rim lesion. The solitary orbital rim lesion was suspected to be a separate disease entity such as lymphoma from the preoperative imaging, but bone metastasis from FTC was finally confirmed after orbital rim resection and total thyroidectomy. During follow-up, the patient presented multiple bone metastasis, so the solitary orbital rim lesion was considered a clinical sign of systemic metastasis from FTC. Therefore, we present this unique case with a review of the literature.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Metastasis deposit"
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Fonseca, da Cruz Lopes Olga Isabel. "Identifikation von differentiell exprimierten Genen beim metastasierenden Melanom im Vergleich zum Primärtumor." Stuttgart, Schmidenerstr. 171 O. I. Fonseca da Cruz Lopez, 2004. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972132260.
Full textBooks on the topic "Metastasis deposit"
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Newell-Price, John, Alia Munir, and Miguel Debono. Swelling in the neck. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0034.
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A number of conditions may present with a swelling or lump in the neck. A detailed history and an examination defining the site of the swelling are paramount in reaching a diagnosis. The commonest cause is enlarged lymph nodes secondary to infection, of which non-specific infection is most common (followed by infectious mononucleosis, TB, syphilis, toxoplasmosis, and cat scratch fever). After infection, the next most common cause is secondary metastatic deposits, followed by lymphoproliferative diseases, and sarcoid.
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Shmueli, Ehoud. Ascites. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0032.
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Ascites is the accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity. Most patients with ascites usually have a known diagnosis of cirrhosis, malignancy, or heart failure. For patients newly presenting with ascites, the diagnostic problem is usually to differentiate between cirrhosis and malignancy. For patients with established liver disease, ascites represents a deterioration of their liver function, the development of a hepatocellular carcinoma, or another complication. Worsening of preexisting ascites may be due to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. In malignancy, ascites denotes the development of peritoneal deposits or massive liver metastases. The diagnosis may be obvious from the context, but can be confirmed with imaging and a diagnostic paracentesis. The serum–ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) ([ascitic fluid albumin] − [serum albumin]) reflects portal pressure, and is the key diagnostic test. A SAAG >11 g/l indicates portal hypertension, and therefore probable cirrhosis. A SAAG <11 g/l excludes portal hypertension, and therefore the ascites is not caused by cirrhosis.
Book chapters on the topic "Metastasis deposit"
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Ozkacmaz, Sercan. "Radiological Findings of Ovarian Cancer." In The Radiology of Cancer. Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053359364.21.
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Detection of ovarian cancer is usually a big challenge as it has not specific symptoms and signs in the earlier stages of the disease. Also most cases are identified in advanced stages because the tumor tends to be spread to the peritoneum in even early phases of the disease. For characterisation and description of the metastasis status of the lesion, the status of size presence of enhancing solid components, vascularised thich septations, vascularised papillary projections, vascularized thick- irregular wall, secondary findings associated with malignant lesions including ascites, omental cakes or peritoneal deposit/implants must be examined and reported seperately.
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Sarioglu, Sulen. "Mechanisms of Metastasis." In Tumor Deposits. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68582-3_1.
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Swanson, Linda J., John H. Seely, Robert Browneller, and Devorah T. Max. "Clinical Studies of Leuprolide Depot Formulation in Metastatic Prostatic Cancer." In GnRH Analogues in Cancer and Human Reproduction. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0723-2_13.
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Naeger, David M. "Diseases of the Pleura and Chest Wall." In IDKD Springer Series. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-83872-9_4.
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Abstract The pleura is comprised of a visceral and parietal layer. The potential space between the two is normally filled with a small amount of physiologic fluid. The visceral pleura invaginates to form fissures, and collectively the pleura allows the lobes of the lungs to move relative to each other and the chest wall during respiration. In diseased states, this potential space can fill with abnormal amounts, or atypical types, of fluid. The pleura can become thickened, often in response to infection, inflammation, or exposures. Tumors can also arise from the pleura. Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a particularly aggressive primary tumor of the pleura, which is associated with asbestos exposure. Owing to lymphatics and vascularity, the pleura can also be the site of tumors deposits from malignancies originating outside the pleura. Ectopic tissues may also be found within the pleural space. The chest wall is external to the pleura, and it is comprised of skin, various fat layers, fascia, muscles, nerves, lymphatics, and bone. Primary tumors, both benign and malignant, and metastases can involve the various layers of the chest wall. There are a few specific pathologies that are unique to the chest wall, which will be reviewed. As a final category, there are a few disease entities, mostly infection and cancer, which can affect both the pleura and the chest wall simultaneously.
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Monteiro, Michael, and David Lowe. "Metastatic disease in endocrine organs." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.1105.
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The term metastasis of a neoplasm refers to the spread of a previously localized, cohesive malignant tumour to a site distant from its site of origin with no contiguity with the primary site. The concept of metastases of lymphoma is a difficult one; a deposit in an organ of lymphoma is usually considered to be a component of generalized involvement by lymphoma rather than of metastatic spread. This chapter will focus on metastases in endocrine organs from carcinomas and sarcomas other than lymphoma.
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Nelson, James S., and Peter Burger. "Introduction to Neurooncology." In Principles And Practice Of Neuropathology. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195125894.003.0014.
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Abstract CNS tumors may be primary or secondary. Primary CNS tumors develop initially within the brain, spinal cord, optic nerves, cranial or spinal nerve roots, leptomeninges, and dura. Pituitary tumors are primary intracranial tumors and are sometimes classified as primary CNS tumors. Secondary tumors originate from primary neoplasms arising in organs, structures, and tissues outside the CNS and reach the CNS either by direct extension when the primary tumor is located in a contiguous structure such as the base of the skull or by metastasis, indicated by absence of continuity between the CNS tumor deposit and its primary source outside the CNS. Primary CNS tumors are generally classified according to their cellular origin (glioma, astrocytoma), their tissue of origin (meningioma, nerve sheath tumors), or their organ of origin (pinealoma). The craniopharyngioma is an exception to this scheme. Distinctive Characteristics Of CNS Tumors Although similar to systemic neoplasms in some respects, tumors involving the central nervous system have the following distinctive characteristics. • Primary central nervous system tumors rarely metastasize outside the CNS. Malignancy is indicated by rapid growth, invasion of adjacent structures, and spread to other parts of the central nervous system along anatomic pathways such as the ventricular system or subarachnoid space. Even apparently benign tumors may cause considerable morbidity or death because they involve major blood vessels or other vital structures and cannot be safely excised. Such tumors are categorized more appropriately as slowly growing rather than benign. They are sometimes described as “malignant by position.”
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Tarin, D. "Metastasis: secondary proliferation in distant organs." In Cell Proliferation in Cancer. Oxford University PressOxford, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198547914.003.0012.
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Abstract Metastatic spread of tumours from the site of primary growth to distant organs, where seedling tumours are formed by disseminated cells, is the most clinically important property of malignant tumours. It endows the community of tumour cells with the ability to survive surgical excision of the primary growth. Also, because metastases can themselves act as foci for further shedding and dissemination of tumour cells, this process forms the basis for both a geometric increase in the impact of the tumour on the host, and increasing difficulty in clinical management, because of the wide dispersal of the tumour burden. The magnitude of the effect of this phenomenon on human health can be appreciated by reference to the annual mortality statistics published by the Registrar General of England and Wales (1). Approximately one in three of the population die of the consequences of metastatic cancer, or are found to harbour asymptomatic metastatic tumour deposits at autopsy.
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Kurochkin, Andrii, and Roman Moskalenko. "DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF LYMPH NODE CALCIFICATION IN THYROID CANCER." In Theoretical and practical aspects of the development of modern scientific research. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-195-4-23.
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The role of pathological biomineralization (PBM) as a prognostic and diagnostic marker in thyroid cancer is continuously debated among investigators. Detection of pathological biomineralization in the lymph nodes of the neck is an alarming signal for clinicians. Typically, a lymph node with signs of calcification is a symptom of papillary thyroid cancer. The lymph node contains such a form of calcification as psammoma bodies in such cases. Psammoma bodies of relatively large size (more than 200 μm) can be detected by ultrasound. Our study aims to study the crystal-chemical and phase characteristics of calcifications of metastatic lymph nodes in thyroid cancer to develop promising methods of early diagnosis. Materials and methods. Several complex research methods have been conducted for a deeper understanding of the pathological biomineralization of metastatic lymph nodes in thyroid cancer, such as macroscopic examination, ultrasound diagnostics, detection of strict lymph node, histological, histochemical, and electron microscopic (scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy). Our study found that the main component of pathological biomineral deposits is calcium phosphate compounds. The Ca / P ratio corresponds to the characteristic features of hydroxyapatite. A significant proportion of β-tricalcium magnesium phosphate was also detected in some cases. The specific plate structure and the known phase and crystal-chemical composition of psammoma bodies can be the point of application of searches for their early detection using the latest diagnostic methods with high resolution. Conclusion. Our study demonstrated the significance of PBM in lymph nodes as a diagnostic symptom of papillary thyroid cancer patients. The presence and extent of PBM in the lymph nodes should be considered a metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer. The study of the structure, physicochemical, phase composition of lymph node calcifications, and visualization features is promising given the possible practical application for early diagnosis of metastases of papillary thyroid cancer.
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Greenberg, Harry S., William F. Chandler, and Howard M. Sandler. "Brain Metastases." In Brain Tumors. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195129588.003.0015.
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Abstract Brain metastases are secondary deposits that arise from primary systemic cancer outside the brain and spread to involve the brain. Brain metastases can be divided into metastases to the dura, leptomeninges, and brain parenchyma. Parenchymal brain metastases are the most common symptomatic lesion, and may be single or multiple. The distinction between single and multiple metastases is important for treatment. Single and multiple brain metastases refer only to the brain parenchyma and do not address the extent of systemic disease.
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Toumpanakis, Christos, and Martyn E. Caplin. "Gastrinoma." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes 3e, edited by John A. H. Wass, Wiebke Arlt, and Robert K. Semple. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198870197.003.0111.
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Gastrinomas are functional neuroendocrine tumours, characterized by autonomous release of gastrin by the tumour cells, which results in symptoms not only due to the tumour growth per se, but also due to gastric acid hypersecretion. Gastrinomas can either be sporadic or can be associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) syndrome in 25% of cases. The duodenum (especially the first and the second part) is the most common location for both sporadic and MEN-1 associated gastrinomas. Most of the symptoms in patients with gastrinomas include peptic ulcers resistant to treatment, erosive oesophagitis, and chronic diarrhoea. Fasting serum gastrin levels of >10-fold the upper normal limit in the presence of gastric p H<2 or basal acid output (BAO)>15 mmol/h confirm the clinical suspicion, of a gastrinoma. Precise localization of primary tumour as well as metastatic deposits can be achieved through the new molecular imaging studies (<sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTA PET) in combination with good quality cross-sectional imaging studies and endoscopic ultrasound. Once the diagnosis is established, it is important to control gastric acid hypersecretion and prevent its complications, by using high-doses proton pump inhibitors. The aim of surgery in patients with sporadic gastrinomas is curative resection, in order to decrease the risk of development of distant metastases, as well as to completely control the hormonal symptoms. The benefit of surgery in gastrinomas associated with MEN-1 syndrome is controversial. All patients with advanced and inoperable disease should have systemic antitumour treatment (somatostatin analogues, molecular targeted agents, chemotherapy, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy) in order to prolong the survival rates.
Conference papers on the topic "Metastasis deposit"
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Gupta, Vivek, Amita Mishra, Namit Kalra, and Bhawna Narula. "A rare case report of incidental solitary uterine metastasis in primary invasive lobular carcinoma of breast." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685401.
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Introduction: Infiltrating Lobular carcinoma (ILC) of the breast is second most common cancer of breast next only to Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC). It has a different metastatic pattern as compared to the IDC. Breast cancer is the most frequent primary site which spreads to gynaecologic organs. Case Presentation: A 40 yrs old Iraqi lady presented as a diagnosed case of lobular carcinoma of left breast. She had already undergone a lumpectomy at Iraq a month back and now had come for completion of treatment. On metastatic workup with PETCT scan, we found a multicentric residual disease in the left breast along with some ipsilateral axillary LN with significant uptake. The concurrent CECT done showed a uterine leiomyomam also. As she was strongly hormone receptor positive, had completed her family and was having mennorhagia probably attributable to uterine fibroids. She was offered hysterectomy with B/L salpingo-oophorectomy. She was keen for breast preservation but in view of her multicentricity of disease on the left breast she was counselled for mastectomy with upfront whole breast reconstruction with TRAM flap. She underwent left modified radical mastectomy with hysterectomy with BSO and TRAM flap reconstruction. The histopathological examination revealed a multicentric, multifocal ILC, grade II with heavy nodal involvement including extracapsular extension. The leiomyoma of uterus also showed tumor deposits from lobular carcinoma breast. Conclusion: We report a very rare case of metastatic pattern of carcinoma of breast. On literature review we found that it is common for the lobular carcinomas of breast to metastasise to gynaecologic organs. Uterine corpus is a very rare site of metastasis for extragenital cancers including breast. All the patients of primary lobular carcinoma of breast should be screened for gynaecologic secondaries in the preoperative workup with high degree of suspicion.
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Shah, Swati, Shveta Giri, Rupinder Sekhon, and Sudhir Rawal. "Inguinal lymphadenopathy as a presentation for ovarian cancer." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685329.
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Ovarian carcinoma usually presents at an advanced stage with diffuse intra abdominal manifestations. Inguinal lymph node metastasis is rare event in ovarian cancer. We report 7 cases who presented with inguinal lymphadenopathy as the initial manifestation between January 2014 to January 2016. All patients underwent tru-cut biopsy from inguinal area. Morphology and IHC were suggestive of ovarian origin or female genital Tract origin. Two patients underwent primary debulking surgery while four patients were managed by neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval cytoreductive surgery owing to relatively poor performance status at presentation. One patient underwent secondary debulking in which inguinal Lymph node was positive for metastatic deposits.
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Gupta, Swati, Saritha Shamsunder, Roli Purwar, et al. "Growing teratoma syndrome: A case report." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685323.
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Introduction: Growing teratoma syndrome (GTS) or chemotherapeutic retro conversion is an extremely rare phenomenon seen in about 1.9-7.6% of patients being treated for non-seminomatous testicular germ cell tumor. It is even more rarely reported in females with only sporadic cases reported so far. It was described by logothetis et al and is described as conversion of immature teratoma to mature one after chemotherapy and presents as growing and metastasizing mass. Case Report: We report a case of 10 year old girl who underwent conservative surgery for an adnexal mass reported as immature teratoma on histopathology. Following which she was given chemotherapy for rapidly developing ascites. After four cycles of chemotherapy, the pelvic mass increased in size with metastatic deposits around the liver. Re-laparotomy and removal of the ovarian mass and metastatic deposits was carried out in stages. The histopathology showed mature teratoma. Conclusion: GTS is an extremely rare occurrence and it is important for the clinicians to know it to avoid misdiagnosis. Moreover, being a chemo-resistant tumor, early diagnosis and surgery are curative.
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Suhas, K. R. "Audit on the role and efficacy of PET/CT in recurrent ovarian cancer settings in a tertiary care centre in India." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685301.
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Ovarian cancers tend to recur in 15-70% cases. CA-125 - is a tumor marker used for monitoring therapeutic response, and in surveillance, for recurrent disease. However, it has a limited role as a persistent high level can signify either recurrence or persistence of residual tumor. Metastases from ovarian cancer primarily involve the peritoneum rather than parenchymal sites; thus, the presence of small-volume recurrence or metastatic deposits on the visceral surfaces poses a challenge for interpretation of CT and MR images. PET/CT utilizes its property of higher accumulation in malignant cells to provide both anatomic and functional information for diagnosing malignant tumors. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to find the correlation between PET/CT findings and final histopathological diagnosis after a secondary cytoreductive surgery in suspected ovarian cancer recurrences. Materials and Methods: PET/CT was done in cases with rising or above normal CA-125 and no radiological findings. These patients with abnormal PET/CT findings were taken up for a secondary cytoreductive surgery and histopathological proven were taken as the standard against which PET/CT positive findings was compared. Results: The mean age in our group of patients with suspected recurrence was 53 years (Range 39-74 years). Of the 52 patients with suspected recurrence, 40 patietnts with a PET-CT scan with findings suggestive of an avid uptake underwent surgery. 22 patients had serous histology, 12 mucinous and 8 had clear cell carcinoma. Stage-wise distribution at the time of primary surgery is as follows stage I-3, stage II-7, stage III-26, stage IV-4. Of the 40 patients who underwent a second look surgery 32 had histopathologically confirmed recurrence. PET-CT detected a total of 86 lesions in the 40 patients who underwent surgery. Of these, 38 were in the lymph nodes 28 in para-aortic and 10 in pelvic, 32 were peritoneal lesions and 14 were pelvic, 2 were metastatic in the parenchyma of liver. Detection of the lesion on PET-CT was size dependant, of the 9 lesions were missed on PET-CT, 7 were less than 0.5 cm. The mean diameter of the lesions detected was 2.2 cm (range 0.3-6.2 cm). PET-CT accurately identified 62 of 70 histopathologically proven lesions. The overall lesion-based sensitivity of PET-CT is 88.6%, specificity 56.2%, Positive predictive value being 72.1%, negative predictive value of 69.2%. Accuracy of detecting lesions greater than 1 cm is 78.6% (44 of 56 lesions). Conclusions: Corelation between PET/CT and histopathologicaldisease: k (cohen value) = 0.81 which suggests excellent correlation. For selected patients with ovarian cancer recurrence may benefit from a comprehensive radiographic imaging survey (PET-CT) at the time of even no or minimal CA-125 elevation in early detection and successful cytoreductive surgical resection and an increase in overall survival.
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Arora, Rahul D. "Definition, etiopathogenesis, management and role of flouroquinolone prophylaxis in prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis complicating malignant ascites." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685345.
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Background: Malignancy related ascites encompasses multiple etiologies which include peritoneal carcinomatosis, hepatic synthetic dysfunction due to parenchymal involvement by the tumour, transcoeloemic metastasis and chylous ascites due to lymphatic obstruction. Primary Cancer type, liver metastasis and serum albumin have been listed as independent prognostic markers in malignant ascites. Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis is usually seen as a complication of decompensated chronic liver disease due to translocation of bacteria or haematogenous dissemination from a distant focus of infection. The combination of a positive peritoneal fluid culture and an ascitic fluid neutrophil count >250 cells/mm3 and no evidence of intra-abdominal source of infection; or 2) culture negative neutrocytic ascites: the combination of negative peritoneal fluid bacterial culture and neutrophil count >500 cells/mm3, without antibiotics within 7 days with no obvious source of infection are used to define spontaneous bacterialperitonitis. Ciprofloxacin prophylaxis has been proposed as a prophylaxis to reduce the incidence and prevent the recurrence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Materials and Methods: A web search of indexed literature was carried out articles containing information on spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in the setting of malignancy or malignancy related ascites or malignant ascites. Articles that carried relevant information about etiopathogenesis, management and translational research in the context of malignant ascites were also included. Results: A total of 32 articles were analysed and about half of them included in the discussion to answer the research question. Discussion: Inflammatory cytokines released by tumor and immune cells compromise the mesothelial cell layer that lines the peritoneal cavity, exposing the underlying extracellular matrix to which cancer cells readily attach leading to formation of spheroids which imparts resistance to anoikis, apoptosis and chemotherapeutics leading to efficient feed forward progressive cycle of seeding and growth of peritoneal metastasis. Intraperitoneal metastasis can cause peritoneal dysfunction, adhesions and malignant ascites. Epithelial mesenchymal transistion and myofibroblastic transformation occur in the mesothelial cells in response to pathological stimuli. Vascular endothelial growth factor is an important mitogen for endothelial cells and plays an important role in increasing capillary vascular permeability. In preclinical studies systemic administration of VEGF Trap which acts as a decoy receptor for VEGF has shown to decrease the formation of ascites fluid and prevent tumour dissemination. Epithelial ovarian cancer cells have developed various mechanisms to evade immune surveillance like development of surface microvesicles which contain CD 95 ligand leading to apoptosis of immune cells. Higher levels of osteoproteogerin, IL 10 and leptin in the ascitic fluid have been associated with a poor prognosis in malignant ascites. Tethered bowel sign and presence of fluid in the omental bursa on CT have been shown to distinguish between malignant ascites and Cirrhotic ascites with accuracy. Immunological approaches to management of malignant ascites include use of intraperitoneal triamcinolone, interferon, long acting synthetic corticosteroids and the trifoliate antibody catumaxomab. VEGF Inhihibitors like octreotide and long acting depot preparations of lanreotide have also been shown to be feasible therapeutic options. Anti androgenic agents and PARP inhibitors have also been proposed as management options. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in the setting of malignancy in the absence of hepatic dysfunction has been reported to have a poorer prognosis than SBP in the setting of decompensated liver disease. Monomicrobial and polymicrobial bacterascites have been proposed in the absence of an elevated neutrophil ascitic fluid count that does not meet the diagnostic criteria. Extensive liver metastasis where the diseased liver can be expected to behave like a cirrhotic liver and gastrointestinal bleeding (on the basis of an isolated case report) have been considered as risk factors for the development of SBP in malignant ascites. In a case series of 8 patients with malignancy related ascites Patients with total ascitic fluid concentration of less than 1 gm per litre were found to be at risk for Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and warrant flouroquinolone prophylaxis. Conclusion: Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis complicating malignant ascites is questionable entity. Good quality Audits and Randomised control trials are warranted to in this domain to enable the definition of incidence, antecedent complications, management and prophylaxis to ensure applicability of translational research to the clinical domain.
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Bidard, F.-C., CK Ng, S. Piscuoglio, et al. "Abstract S6-06: High-depth massively parallel sequencing reveals heterogeneity between primary tumor and metastatic deposits in de novo metastatic breast cancer patients prior to exposure to systemic therapy." In Abstracts: Thirty-Sixth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium - Dec 10-14, 2013; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-s6-06.
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Giri, Shveta, Swati Shah, Rupinder Sekhon, and Sudhir Rawal. "Clinical outcomes of cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC in advanced and recurrent epithelial ovarian cancers with peritoneal carcinomatosis." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685311.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: The role of surgery for Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) has slowly evolved from palliation to potential curative intent. Attempting to remove all visible tumor deposits, “surgical cytoreduction” (CRS) was reported in 1930s for ovarian cancer and eventually became an accepted therapy with proven survival benefit. The new approach of combining CRS and Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to treat peritoneal metastasis offer hope for long term survival in this group of patients. The risk and benefit of this approach continued to be debated. A prospective study was conducted to understand the perioperative outcomes of CRS & HIPEC. Aim: To evaluate the perioperative outcomes associated with CRS & HIPEC in Advanced and Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian Cancer with PC. Methods: Prospective analysis of patients undergoing CRS & HIPEC from November 2014 to July 2015 was done. Inclusion criteria included localized disease in peritoneal cavity, no distant metastasis and PS <2. Grade 3/4 complications from day of surgery until 30 days postoperatively were recorded. Results: We performed CRS & HIPEC in 20 patients from Nov 2014 to June 2015. HIPEC Plus regimens included Cisplatin (50 mg/m2) and Lipodox (15 mg/m2) intraperitoneally and Ifosphamide (1300 mg/m2) & Mesna (260 mg/m2) Infusion time was 90 minutes with a temperature range of 41-43 °C. Out of 20 patients 6 (30%) underwent primary debulking surgery and 14(70%) underwent secondary debulking surgery. PCI score ranged from 2-26 (mean 13.65). Mean operating time was 6.42 hrs and average blood loss was 1046 ml. Average hospital stay was 8 days and SICU stay was 4.9 days (range 3-14 days). Total 26 adverse events were observed of which grade 1 were 11 (42%), grade 2 were 8 (30%), grade were 3 (11.5%) and grade4 were 2 (8%). Most common complication was hematological (8) followed by respiratory (6), sepsis (4) renal (2), GI (2). 4 patients (5 events) developed grade3 or 4 complications in the form of septicaemia, pulmonary embolism, GI fistula of which 2 patients expited and remaining recovered although required prolonged hospitalization. Increased morbidity were observed in cases with symptomatic relapse, higher PCI score and CA 125 level higher than 250 U/ml. Most of the adverse events were grade 1 and 2 and were managed by observation only or GCSF support, transfusions and other minor interventions. The combined grade 3-4 morbidity was 20% (4out of 20) which consisted of neutropenia, infection and respiratory complications. One patient required relaparotomy and two patients expired attributed to pulmonary embolism and septicaemia respectively. Conclusion: Enthusiasm associated with improvement in survival is often dampened by increased perioperative mortality and morbidity figures and therefore CRS & HIPEC has not yet been considered standard of care by many centres. HIPEC after extensive cytoreductive surgery for ovarian cancer is a procedure whth acceptable morbidity that patients can tolerate. More follow up is needed to determinr the effect of HIPEC on survival. Till such time more data are obtained by way of larger randomised trials, this approach remains investigational.
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Giri, Shveta, Swati Shah, Rupinder Sekhon, and Sudhir Rawal. "Clinical outcomes of cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC in advanced and recurrent epithelial ovarian cancers with peritoneal carcinomatosis." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685300.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: The role of surgery for peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) has slowly evolved from palliation to potential curative intent. Attempting to remove all visible tumor deposits, “surgical cytoreduction” (CRS) was reported in 1930s for ovarian cancer and eventually became an accepted therapy with proven survival benefit. The new approach of combining CRS and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to treat peritoneal metastasis offer hope for long term survival in this group of patients. The risk and benefit of this approach continued to be debated. A prospective study was conducted to understand the perioperative outcomes of CRS and HIPEC. Aim: To evaluate the perioperative outcomes associated with CRS and HIPEC in Advanced and Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian Cancer with PC. Method: Prospective analysis of patients undergoing CRS and HIPEC from November 2014 to July 2015 was done. Inclusion criteria included localized disease in peritoneal cavity, no distant metastasis and PS <2. Grade 3/4 complications from day of surgery until 30 days postoperatively were recorded. Results: We performed CRS and HIPEC in 20 patients from November 2014 to June 2015. HIPEC Plus regimens included Cisplatin (50 mg/m2) and Lipodox (15 mg/m2) intraperitoneally and Ifosphamide (1300 mg/m2) and Mesna (260 mg/m2). Infusion time was 90 minutes with a temperature range of 41-43°C. Out of 20 patients 6 (30%) underwent primary debulking surgery and 14 (70%) underwent secondary debulking surgery. PCI score ranged from 2-26 (mean 13.65). Mean operating time was 6.42 hrs and average blood loss was 1046 ml. Average hospital stay was 8 days and SICU stay was 4.9 days (range 3-14 days). Total 26 adverse events were observed of which grade 1 were 11 (42%), grade 2 were 8 (30%), grade were 3 (11.5%) and grade 4 were 2 (8%). Most common complication was hematological (8) followed by respiratory (6), sepsis (4) renal (2), GI (2). 4 patients (5 events) developed grade 3 or 4 complications in the form of septicaemia, pulmonary embolism, GI fistula of which 2 patients expited and remaining recovered although required prolonged hospitalization. Increased morbidity were observed in cases with symptomatic relapse, higher PCI score and CA 125 level higher than 250 U/ml. Most of the adverse events were grade 1 and 2 and were managed by observation only or GCSF support, transfusions and other minor interventions. The combined grade 3-4 morbidity was 20% (4 out of 20) which consisted of neutropenia, infection and respiratory complications. One patient required relaparotomy and two patients expired attributed to pulmonary embolism and septicaemia respectively. Conclusion: Enthusiasm associated with improvement in survival is often dampened by increased perioperative mortality and morbidity figures and therefore CRS and HIPEC has not yet been considered standard of care by many centres. HIPEC after extensive cytoreductive surgery for ovarian cancer is a procedure whth acceptable morbidity that patients can tolerate. More follow up is needed to determinr the effect of HIPEC on survival. Till such time more data are obtained by way of larger randomised trials, this approach remains investigational.
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Arora, Rahul D. "Inpatient pharmacologic management of malignant bowel obstruction." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685360.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Management of life threatening complications encountered in Advanced Cancer is an important domain of Palliative Oncology. Malignant Bowel Obstruction is usually an indicator of poor prognosis in Advanced cancer. It is usually associated with malignancies in the gastrointestinal tract or those outside the gastrointestinal tract (gynaecological malignancies). MBO can also occur with primary peritoneal as well as secondary peritoneal malignancies. Diagnostic criteria for MBO include Clinical evidence of bowel obstruction, obstruction distal to the Ligament of Treitz, presence of primary intraabdominal or extra abdominal cancer with peritoneal involvement. Materials: Detailed below are two cases of Malignant Bowel obstruction managed with Conservative inpatient nonoperative management with discussion of the proposed pharmacological protocol for the same. Case Details: A 45 year old Postmenopausal female diagnosed as carcinoma ovary stage iiic with left lower limb Deep Venous Thrombosis post multiple lines of chemotherapy including Paclitaxel plus Carboplatin, Etoposide, Tamoxifen and Liposomal Doxorubin, Malignant pleural effusion post thoracentesis was seen in the wards. A 31 year old Female a known case of moderately differentiated carcinoma colon with transmural infiltration and serosal seeding along with omental deposits with hepatic metastasis was seen in the casualty with signs of Multiple episodes of bilious vomiting with colicky abdominal pain and diagnosed to have malignant bowel obstruction on clinic radiological evaluation. Both these patients were provided non operative management of malignant bowel obstruction, were kept nil per oral, nasogastric decompression was performed with ryles tube insertion, antisecretory medication Inj Octreotide 100 ug three times daily, Anti Edema measures Inj Dexamethasone 8 mg intravrenous three times daily, Anti spasmodic and anti secretory medication Inj Hyoscine Butyl bromide 10 mg three times daily, inj Metronidazole 500 mg intravenous three times daily and Pain medication Inj Tramadol hydrochloride 50 mg intravenous in 100 ml of normal saline three times daily. Both these patients developed hyperglycemia which was managed with human regular insulin prescribed as per the sliding scale. Results: Ryles tube aspirate showed a decreasing trend and both the Patients achieved clinical resolution of symptoms underwent deintubation on Day 10 and Day 13 respectively and were taking oral feeds at the time of discharge. They were prescribed pharmacologic management of adhesive bowel obstruction consisting of Tab activated Dimethicone 40 mg three times daily, Tab Lactobacillus one tablet three times daily and Polyethylene glycol one satchet upto three times daily for 15 days at the time of discharge. Results: Resolution of symptoms can be achieved by providing non operative pharmacological management outlined above which consists of adequate hydration, parenteral nutrition when indicated, antibiotics, decongestive anti edema measures, anti spasmodic and anti secretory medication. Conclusion: Management of Hyperglycemia induced by Octreotide and Dexamethasone requires Insulin therapy. Optimum Duration, dosage and route of administration of Octreotide in management of Malignant Bowel Obstruction needs to be evaluated further.
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Tiwari, Alok, Dhananjay Gughe, Radhika Dureja, and Satinder Kaur. "Synchronous primary malignancy of ovary and cervix with different histopathology: A rare case report." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685388.
Full textAbstract:
Concurrent different histopathological types of gynecologic tumors arise rarely. We present ovarian serous and cervical squamous cell carcinoma formed synchronously. A 51-year-old woman with a poor general condition was admitted with gradual distension of abdomen for 1 year with gradual loss of weight and appetite for the last three months and pain in the abdomen and irregular vaginal bleeding for the last two months. There was no family history of malignancy of genital tract, breast or colon. On examination she was cachexic, pale, dehydrated, tachypnoeic and had edema over feet. Per abdomen examination revealed solid, non-mobile palpable mass arising from pelvis. Per vaginal examination revealed large mass in pelvis and uterus can not be felt separately on per speculum examination there was small endocervical erosion, hypertrophied cervix. On per rectal examination bilateral parametria were free. Her tumor marker were evaluated and CA-125 was found to be raised (CA 125: 915.6 u/ml U/mL); rest tumor markers were normal. Cervical punch biopsy was suggestive of moderately differentiated carcinoma and pap smear was also suggestive of cervical cancer. MRI findings revealed a mass of altered signal intensity 2.5 × 1.5 × 2.2 cm with diffusion restriction and post contrast enhancement in the anterior lip of cervix and another large, lobulated predominantly solid mass, hypo intense on T1, intermediate on T2 with diffusion restriction and post contrast enhancement in the right adnexal region abutting the small bowel and sigmoid colon optimal debulking surgery with standard protocol was done. Histopathology report revealed squamous cell carcinoma of cervix, grade III and high grade serous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary. Tumour deposits from ovary were seen on right fallopian tube and right parametrium. Squamous cell carcinoma cervix involved ectocervix, endocervix and infiltrated near full thickness of cervical stroma, endomyometrium, vaginal cuff, paracervical tissue omentum and appendix were free of tumour. Twenty five right pelvic lymphnodes dissected were free of tumour, (00/25). One out of fifteen lymphnode dissected were involved with extra capsular extent, 01/15 and thirteen para aortic lymph node dissected were free of tumor. Immunohistochemistry markers: Ovarian mass-tumour cell expressed ck, vimentin, wt-1 with focal Ck positivity, no expression of ck20, p63, ck5/6 and CEA seen. Cervical tumour-tumour cells expressed ck, ck7, p63 and ck5/6 no expression of ck20, wt-1. Based on our case report we need to keep in mind that even if patient presents with symptoms pertaining to a single malignancy; still the rare possibility of synchronous malignancies should be looked for by doing proper investigations. In our case, patient had symptoms pertaining to ovarian malignancy; whereas cervical malignancy was diagnosed after investigating the patient. Histologic examination should be done properly as the prognosis depends on the malignancies being metastatic or synchronous one appropriate management should be offered in all such cases. Long term follow up of such patients should be maintained to determine the prognosis.