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Journal articles on the topic 'Météorologie – Observations – Laboratoires'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 October 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Le Treut, Hervé, and Lionel Charles. "Regard historique sur la recherche climatique, entre observations et modèles." Pollution atmosphérique, NS 6 (June 1, 2013): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54563/pollution-atmospherique.7549.

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À l’heure où la problématique climatique connaît une inflexion après les bruyantes controverses et remises en question qui ont marqué ces dernières années, il nous a semblé intéressant d’ouvrir ce numéro par un entretien avec Pierre Morel. Initiateur de la recherche physique sur le climat en France, il a créé en 1968 le Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique qui est aujourd’hui, au sein de l’IPSL, le pivot de la recherche française dans ce domaine, et dont il a assuré la direction jusqu’en 1975. La carrière de Pierre Morel s’est pour une large part déroulée dans un cadre international. Normalie

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Olivier, Chomette, Raymond Armante, Cyril Crevoisier, et al. "CH4 IPDA Lidar mission data simulator and processor for MERLIN: prototype development at LMD/CNRS/Ecole Polytechnique." EPJ Web of Conferences 176 (2018): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817602016.

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The MEthane Remote sensing Lidar missioN (MERLIN), currently in phase C, is a joint cooperation between France and Germany on the development of a spatial Integrated Path Differential Absorption (IPDA) LIDAR (LIght Detecting And Ranging) to conduct global observations of atmospheric methane. This presentation will focus on the status of a LIDAR mission data simulator and processor developed at LMD (Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique), Ecole Polytechnique, France, for MERLIN to assess the performances in realistic observational situations.

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Joussaume, Sylvie. "Simulation of Airborne Impurity Cycles Using Atmospheric General Circulation Models." Annals of Glaciology 7 (1985): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500006042.

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Atmospheric general circulation models are believed to be appropriate tools for studying airborne impurity cycles in order to supplement observations and to improve our knowledge of gaseous and particulate pollutant cycles in the atmosphere. The main aspects of the modelling of tracer cycles are reviewed and illustrated by two particular examples: desert dust particles in the 1 μm range and water isotope species HDO and H218O. Some results from a first simulation including desert dust and water isotope cycles using the model developed at the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD) are pres

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Joussaume, Sylvie. "Simulation of Airborne Impurity Cycles Using Atmospheric General Circulation Models." Annals of Glaciology 7 (1985): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500006042.

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Atmospheric general circulation models are believed to be appropriate tools for studying airborne impurity cycles in order to supplement observations and to improve our knowledge of gaseous and particulate pollutant cycles in the atmosphere. The main aspects of the modelling of tracer cycles are reviewed and illustrated by two particular examples: desert dust particles in the 1 μm range and water isotope species HDO and H2 18O. Some results from a first simulation including desert dust and water isotope cycles using the model developed at the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD) are pre

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Diatta, Samo, Frédéric Hourdin, Amadou Thierno Gaye, and Nicolas Viltard. "Comparison of Rainfall Profiles in the West African Monsoon as Depicted by TRMM PR and the LMDZ Climate Model." Monthly Weather Review 138, no. 5 (2010): 1767–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009mwr3092.1.

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Abstract Vertical rainfall profiles obtained with TRMM-PR 2A25 standard products are compared with rain profiles deduced from the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique second generation global climate model (LMDZ, the Z stands for zoom capability) with two parameterization schemes: Emanuel’s and Tiedke’s. This paper focuses on the low layers of the atmosphere over West Africa during the monsoon [June–September (JJAS)]. The precipitation decrease above 4 km is systematically not represented in rainfall profiles generated by Emanuel’s parameterization scheme. However, Emanuel’s scheme shows a de

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Ramstein, G., F. Fluteau, and V. Masson. "Existence of an ice cap during the mid-Cretaceous period (120–90 Ma): an AGCM investigation." Annals of Glaciology 25 (1997): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500014038.

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Many questions remain concerning whether or not an ice cap existed during the mid-Cretaceous period (120–90 Ma). Other than data and observations from ice-rafted materials, atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) may be appropriate tools to investigate whether changes in atmospheric composition, land-sea distribution, or oceanic circulation (used as boundary conditions to constrain the model), provide the climatic conditions that enable ice caps to be formed.This study uses an AGCM developed by the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD) to perform a set of numerical sensitivity exp

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Ramstein, G., F. Fluteau, and V. Masson. "Existence of an ice cap during the mid-cretaceous period (120–90 Ma): an AGCM investigation." Annals of Glaciology 25 (1997): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500014038.

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Many questions remain concerning whether or not an ice cap existed during the mid-Cretaceous period (120–90 Ma). Other than data and observations from ice-rafted materials, atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) may be appropriate tools to investigate whether changes in atmospheric composition, land-sea distribution, or oceanic circulation (used as boundary conditions to constrain the model), provide the climatic conditions that enable ice caps to be formed. This study uses an AGCM developed by the Laboratoire Météorologie Dynamique (LMD) to perform a set of numerical sensitivity exper

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Verma, S., O. Boucher, M. S. Reddy, et al. "Tropospheric distribution of sulphate aerosol mass and number concentration during INDOEX-IFP and its transport over the Indian Ocean: a GCM study." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 5, no. 1 (2005): 395–436. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-5-395-2005.

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Abstract. An interactive sulphate aerosol chemistry module has been incorporated in the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique General Circulation Model (LMD-GCM) to simulate the sulphur chemistry during the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) Intensive Field Phase-1999 (INDOEX-IFP). The originality of this module is its ability to predict particle mass and number concentration for the Aitken and accumulation modes. The model qualitatively reproduces the spatial patterns of observations on sulphate aerosol during INDOEX. On the basis of size distribution retrieved from the observations made along

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Coindreau, O., F. Hourdin, M. Haeffelin, A. Mathieu, and C. Rio. "Assessment of Physical Parameterizations Using a Global Climate Model with Stretchable Grid and Nudging." Monthly Weather Review 135, no. 4 (2007): 1474–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr3338.1.

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Abstract The Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique atmospheric general circulation model with zooming capability (LMDZ) has been used in a nudged mode to enable comparison of model outputs with routine observations and evaluate the model physical parameterizations. Simulations have been conducted with a stretched grid refined over the vicinity of Paris, France, where observations, collected at the Trappes station (Météo-France) and at the Site Instrumental de Recherche par Télédétection Atmosphérique observatory, are available. For the purpose of evaluation of physical parameterizations, the l

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Remaud, Marine, Frédéric Chevallier, Anne Cozic, Xin Lin, and Philippe Bousquet. "On the impact of recent developments of the LMDz atmospheric general circulation model on the simulation of CO<sub>2</sub> transport." Geoscientific Model Development 11, no. 11 (2018): 4489–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-4489-2018.

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Abstract. The quality of the representation of greenhouse gas (GHG) transport in atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs) drives the potential of inverse systems to retrieve GHG surface fluxes to a large extent. In this work, the transport of CO2 is evaluated in the latest version of the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMDz) GCM, developed for the Climate Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) relative to the LMDz version developed for CMIP5. Several key changes have been implemented between the two versions, which include a more elaborate radiative scheme, new subgrid-scale param

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Krinner, Gerhard, and Christophe Genthon. "The Antarctic surface mass balance in a stretched grid general circulation model." Annals of Glaciology 25 (1997): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500013823.

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The Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD) variable-grid atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) was used in this study for a five-year high-resolution simulation of the Antarctic climate. The horizontal resolution is about 100 km over a large part of the ice sheet. This study focuses on the simulated surface mass balance (precipitation-evaporation sublimation-melt) and on the spatial and temporal variability of snowfall in Antarctica. The simulated annual mean surface mass balance for the whole continent is close to the observed value, and the model simulates well the spatial distri

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Krinner, Gerhard, and Christophe Genthon. "The Antarctic surface mass balance in a stretched grid general circulation model." Annals of Glaciology 25 (1997): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500013823.

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The Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD) variable-grid atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) was used in this study for a five-year high-resolution simulation of the Antarctic climate. The horizontal resolution is about 100 km over a large part of the ice sheet. This study focuses on the simulated surface mass balance (precipitation-evaporation sublimation-melt) and on the spatial and temporal variability of snowfall in Antarctica. The simulated annual mean surface mass balance for the whole continent is close to the observed value, and the model simulates well the spatial distri

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Gao, Jing, V. Masson-Delmotte, T. Yao, L. Tian, C. Risi, and G. Hoffmann. "Precipitation Water Stable Isotopes in the South Tibetan Plateau: Observations and Modeling*." Journal of Climate 24, no. 13 (2011): 3161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jcli3736.1.

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Abstract Measurements of precipitation isotopic composition have been conducted on a daily basis for 1 yr at Bomi, in the southeast Tibetan Plateau, an area affected by the interaction of the southwest monsoon, the westerlies, and Tibetan high pressure systems, as well as at Lhasa, situated west of Bomi. The measured isotope signals are analyzed both on an event basis and on a seasonal scale using available meteorological information and airmass trajectories. The processes driving daily and seasonal isotopic variability are investigated using multidecadal climate simulations forced by twentiet

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Locatelli, R., P. Bousquet, F. Chevallier, et al. "Impact of transport model errors on the global and regional methane emissions estimated by inverse modelling." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13, no. 19 (2013): 9917–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-9917-2013.

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Abstract. A modelling experiment has been conceived to assess the impact of transport model errors on methane emissions estimated in an atmospheric inversion system. Synthetic methane observations, obtained from 10 different model outputs from the international TransCom-CH4 model inter-comparison exercise, are combined with a prior scenario of methane emissions and sinks, and integrated into the three-component PYVAR-LMDZ-SACS (PYthon VARiational-Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique model with Zooming capability-Simplified Atmospheric Chemistry System) inversion system to produce 10 different

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Arakelian, Ara, and Francis Codron. "Southern Hemisphere Jet Variability in the IPSL GCM at Varying Resolutions." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 12 (2012): 3788–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-12-0119.1.

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Abstract Fluctuations of the Southern Hemisphere eddy-driven jet are studied in a suite of experiments with the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, version 4 (LMDZ4) atmospheric GCM with varying horizontal resolution, in coupled mode and with imposed SSTs. The focus is on the relationship between changes in the mean state brought by increasing resolution, and the intraseasonal variability and response to increasing CO2 concentration. In summer, the mean jet latitude moves poleward when the resolution increases in latitude, converging toward the observed one. Most measures of the jet dynamic

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Cámara, Alvaro de la, François Lott, Valérian Jewtoukoff, Riwal Plougonven, and Albert Hertzog. "On the Gravity Wave Forcing during the Southern Stratospheric Final Warming in LMDZ." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 73, no. 8 (2016): 3213–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-15-0377.1.

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Abstract The austral stratospheric final warming date is often predicted with substantial delay in several climate models. This systematic error is generally attributed to insufficient parameterized gravity wave (GW) drag in the stratosphere around 60°S. A simulation with a general circulation model [Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique zoom model (LMDZ)] with a much less pronounced bias is used to analyze the contribution of the different types of waves to the dynamics of the final warming. For this purpose, the resolved and unresolved wave forcing of the middle atmosphere during the austral

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Folberth, G. A., D. A. Hauglustaine, J. Lathière, and F. Brocheton. "Interactive chemistry in the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique general circulation model: model description and impact analysis of biogenic hydrocarbons on tropospheric chemistry." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 6, no. 8 (2006): 2273–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-2273-2006.

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Abstract. We present a description and evaluation of LMDz-INCA, a global three-dimensional chemistry-climate model, pertaining to its recently developed NMHC version. In this substantially extended version of the model a comprehensive representation of the photochemistry of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) and volatile organic compounds (VOC) from biogenic, anthropogenic, and biomass-burning sources has been included. The tropospheric annual mean methane (9.2 years) and methylchloroform (5.5 years) chemical lifetimes are well within the range of previous modelling studies and are in excellent a

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Ryder, J., J. Polcher, P. Peylin, et al. "A multi-layer land surface energy budget model for implicit coupling with global atmospheric simulations." Geoscientific Model Development 9, no. 1 (2016): 223–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-223-2016.

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Abstract. In Earth system modelling, a description of the energy budget of the vegetated surface layer is fundamental as it determines the meteorological conditions in the planetary boundary layer and as such contributes to the atmospheric conditions and its circulation. The energy budget in most Earth system models has been based on a big-leaf approach, with averaging schemes that represent in-canopy processes. Furthermore, to be stable, that is to say, over large time steps and without large iterations, a surface layer model should be capable of implicit coupling to the atmospheric model. Su

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Gryazin, V., C. Risi, J. Jouzel, et al. "To what extent could water isotopic measurements help us understand model biases in the water cycle over Western Siberia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 18 (2014): 9807–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-9807-2014.

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Abstract. We evaluate the isotopic composition of water vapor and precipitation simulated by the LMDZ (Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique-Zoom) GCM (General Circulation Model) over Siberia using several data sets: TES (Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer) and GOSAT (Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite) satellite observations of tropospheric water vapor, GNIP (Global Network for Isotopes in Precipitation) and SNIP (Siberian Network for Isotopes in Precipitation) precipitation networks, and daily, in situ measurements of water vapor and precipitation at the Kourovka site in Western Siberia. L

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Van Baelen, J., Y. Pointin, W. Wobrock, et al. "Precipitation and microphysical studies with a low cost high resolution X-band radar: an innovative project prospective." Advances in Geosciences 20 (March 16, 2009): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-20-25-2009.

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Abstract. This paper describes an innovative project which has just been launched at the "Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique" (LaMP) in Clermont-Ferrand in collaboration with the "Meteorologische Institut" in Hamburg, where a low cost X-band high resolution precipitation radar is combined with supporting measurements and a bin microphysical cloud resolving model in order to develop adapted Z–R relationships for accurate rain rate estimates over a local area such as a small catchment basin, an urban complex or even an agriculture domain. In particular, the use of K-band micro rain radars whic

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Delire, Christine, Nathalie de Noblet-Ducoudré, Adriana Sima, and Isabelle Gouirand. "Vegetation Dynamics Enhancing Long-Term Climate Variability Confirmed by Two Models." Journal of Climate 24, no. 9 (2011): 2238–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jcli3664.1.

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Abstract Two different coupled climate–vegetation models, the Community Climate Model version 3 coupled to the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (CCM3–IBIS) and the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique’s climate model coupled to the Organizing Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystems model (LMDz–ORCHIDEE), are used to study the effects of vegetation dynamics on climate variability. Two sets of simulations of the preindustrial climate are performed using fixed climatological sea surface temperatures: one set taking into account vegetation cover dynamics and the other keeping the vegetation cove

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Massart, S., A. Agusti-Panareda, I. Aben, et al. "Assimilation of atmospheric methane products into the MACC-II system: from SCIAMACHY to TANSO and IASI." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 12 (2014): 6139–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-6139-2014.

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Abstract. The Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate Interim Implementation (MACC-II) delayed-mode (DM) system has been producing an atmospheric methane (CH4) analysis 6 months behind real time since June 2009. This analysis used to rely on the assimilation of the CH4 product from the SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) instrument onboard Envisat. Recently the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD) CH4 products from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) and the SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research CH4 product

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Ostler, Andreas, Ralf Sussmann, Prabir K. Patra, et al. "Evaluation of column-averaged methane in models and TCCON with a focus on the stratosphere." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 9, no. 9 (2016): 4843–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-4843-2016.

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Abstract. The distribution of methane (CH4) in the stratosphere can be a major driver of spatial variability in the dry-air column-averaged CH4 mixing ratio (XCH4), which is being measured increasingly for the assessment of CH4 surface emissions. Chemistry-transport models (CTMs) therefore need to simulate the tropospheric and stratospheric fractional columns of XCH4 accurately for estimating surface emissions from XCH4. Simulations from three CTMs are tested against XCH4 observations from the Total Carbon Column Network (TCCON). We analyze how the model–TCCON agreement in XCH4 depends on the

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Sepulchre, Pierre, Arnaud Caubel, Jean-Baptiste Ladant, et al. "IPSL-CM5A2 – an Earth system model designed for multi-millennial climate simulations." Geoscientific Model Development 13, no. 7 (2020): 3011–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3011-2020.

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Abstract. Based on the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5)-generation previous Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL) Earth system model, we designed a new version, IPSL-CM5A2, aiming at running multi-millennial simulations typical of deep-time paleoclimate studies. Three priorities were followed during the setup of the model: (1) improving the overall model computing performance, (2) overcoming a persistent cold bias depicted in the previous model generation and (3) making the model able to handle the specific continental configurations of the geological past. These

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Seck, Ibrahim, and Joël Van Baelen. "Geostatistical Merging of a Single-Polarized X-Band Weather Radar and a Sparse Rain Gauge Network over an Urban Catchment." Atmosphere 9, no. 12 (2018): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos9120496.

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Optimal Quantitative Precipitation Estimation (QPE) of rainfall is crucial to the accuracy of hydrological models, especially over urban catchments. Small-to-medium size towns are often equipped with sparse rain gauge networks that struggle to capture the variability in rainfall over high spatiotemporal resolutions. X-band Local Area Weather Radars (LAWRs) provide a cost-effective solution to meet this challenge. The Clermont Auvergne metropolis monitors precipitation through a network of 13 rain gauges with a temporal resolution of 5 min. 5 additional rain gauges with a 6-minute temporal reso

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Castebrunet, H., P. Martinerie, C. Genthon, and E. Cosme. "A three-dimensional model study of methanesulphonic acid to non sea salt sulphate ratio at mid and high-southern latitudes." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9, no. 24 (2009): 9449–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-9449-2009.

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Abstract. The Antarctic and sub-Antarctic methanesulphonic acid (MSA) to non sea salt sulphate (nssSO4) ratio is simulated with the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Atmospheric General Circulation Model including an atmospheric sulphur chemistry module. Spatial variations of the MSA/nssSO4 ratio in different regions have been suggested to be mostly dependent on temperature or sulphur source contributions. Its past variations in ice cores have been interpreted as related to the DMS precursor source location. Our model results are compared with available field measurements in the Antarctic

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Massart, S., A. Agusti-Panareda, I. Aben, et al. "Assimilation of atmospheric methane products in the MACC-II system: from SCIAMACHY to TANSO and IASI." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 2 (2014): 2553–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-2553-2014.

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Abstract. The Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate Interim Implementation (MACC-II) delayed-mode (DM) system has been producing an atmospheric methane (CH4) analysis 6 months behind real time since June 2009. This analysis used to rely on the assimilation of the CH4 product from the SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) instrument on board Envisat. Recently the \\textit{Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique} (LMD) CH4 products from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) and the SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research

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Peylin, Philippe, Cédric Bacour, Natasha MacBean, et al. "A new stepwise carbon cycle data assimilation system using multiple data streams to constrain the simulated land surface carbon cycle." Geoscientific Model Development 9, no. 9 (2016): 3321–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3321-2016.

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Abstract. Large uncertainties in land surface models (LSMs) simulations still arise from inaccurate forcing, poor description of land surface heterogeneity (soil and vegetation properties), incorrect model parameter values and incomplete representation of biogeochemical processes. The recent increase in the number and type of carbon cycle-related observations, including both in situ and remote sensing measurements, has opened a new road to optimize model parameters via robust statistical model–data integration techniques, in order to reduce the uncertainties of simulated carbon fluxes and stoc

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Abadie, Camille, Fabienne Maignan, Marine Remaud, et al. "Global modelling of soil carbonyl sulfide exchanges." Biogeosciences 19, no. 9 (2022): 2427–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2427-2022.

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Abstract. Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is an atmospheric trace gas of interest for C cycle research because COS uptake by continental vegetation is strongly related to terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP), the largest and most uncertain flux in atmospheric CO2 budgets. However, to use atmospheric COS as an additional tracer of GPP, an accurate quantification of COS exchange by soils is also needed. At present, the atmospheric COS budget is unbalanced globally, with total COS flux estimates from oxic and anoxic soils that vary between −409 and −89 GgS yr−1. This uncertainty hampers the use of

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Stenni, Barbara, Claudio Scarchilli, Valerie Masson-Delmotte, et al. "Three-year monitoring of stable isotopes of precipitation at Concordia Station, East Antarctica." Cryosphere 10, no. 5 (2016): 2415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2415-2016.

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Abstract. Past temperature reconstructions from Antarctic ice cores require a good quantification and understanding of the relationship between snow isotopic composition and 2 m air or inversion (condensation) temperature. Here, we focus on the French–Italian Concordia Station, central East Antarctic plateau, where the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) Dome C ice cores were drilled. We provide a multi-year record of daily precipitation types identified from crystal morphologies, daily precipitation amounts and isotopic composition. Our sampling period (2008–2010) encompasse

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Hauglustaine, D. A., Y. Balkanski, and M. Schulz. "A global model simulation of present and future nitrate aerosols and their direct radiative forcing of climate." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 20 (2014): 11031–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-11031-2014.

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Abstract. The ammonia cycle and nitrate particle formation are introduced into the LMDz-INCA (Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, version 4 – INteraction with Chemistry and Aerosols, version 3) global model. An important aspect of this new model is that both fine nitrate particle formation in the accumulation mode and coarse nitrate forming on existing dust and sea-salt particles are considered. The model simulates distributions of nitrates and related species in agreement with previous studies and observations. The calculated present-day total nitrate direct radiative forcing since the pre

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Tindan, Jacob Z., Qinjian Jin, and Bing Pu. "Understanding day–night differences in dust aerosols over the dust belt of North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23, no. 9 (2023): 5435–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5435-2023.

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Abstract. Utilizing the well-calibrated, high-spectral-resolution equal-quality performance of daytime and nighttime (09:30 and 21:30 local solar Equator-crossing time (local solar ECT)) products of the Infrared Atmospheric Sounder Interferometer (IASI) from the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD), this study investigates the day–night differences in dust aerosols over the global dust belt of North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. Both daytime dust optical depth (DOD) and nighttime DOD at 10 µm show high consistency with solar and lunar observations of coarse-mode aerosol optical dep

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Beaudor, Maureen, Didier Hauglustaine, Juliette Lathière, Martin Van Damme, Lieven Clarisse, and Nicolas Vuichard. "Evaluating present-day and future impacts of agricultural ammonia emissions on atmospheric chemistry and climate." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 25, no. 4 (2025): 2017–46. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2017-2025.

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Abstract. Agricultural practices are a major source of ammonia (NH3) in the atmosphere, which has implications for air quality, climate, and ecosystems. Due to the rising demand for food and feed production, ammonia emissions are expected to increase significantly by 2100 and would therefore impact atmospheric composition such as nitrate (NO3-) or sulfate (SO42-) particles and affect biodiversity from enhanced deposition. Chemistry–climate models which integrate the key atmospheric physicochemical processes with the ammonia cycle represent a useful tool to investigate present-day and also futu

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Speich, Sabrina, and Laurent Bopp. "L’océan, ses cycles et interfaces." Histoire de la recherche contemporaine Tome XIII n°1 (2024). https://doi.org/10.4000/13dha.

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Le Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD), initialement spécialisé dans l'étude des atmosphères terrestre et planétaires, a élargi son champ de recherche pour inclure l’océanographie, permettant ainsi une compréhension approfondie des interactions océan-atmosphère et de leur impact sur le climat global. L’océan, en tant que régulateur climatique majeur, joue un rôle clé dans l’absorption de la chaleur et du CO₂, affectant aussi bien les phénomènes météorologiques extrêmes que le bilan carbone global. Les recherches menées au LMD adoptent une approche multidisciplinaire et couvrent plusieu

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Milcareck, Gwenaël, Sandrine Guerlet, Franck Montmessin, et al. "Radiative-convective models of the atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune: Heating sources and seasonal effects." Astronomy & Astrophysics, April 18, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348987.

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The observations made during the Voyager 2 flyby have shown that the stratosphere of Uranus and that of Neptune are warmer than expected by previous models. In addition, no seasonal variability of the thermal structure has been observed on Uranus since Voyager 2 era and significant subseasonal variations have been revealed on Neptune. In this paper, we evaluate different realistic heat sources that can induce sufficient heating to warm the atmosphere of these planets and we estimate the seasonal effects on the thermal structure. The seasonal radiative-convective model developed by the Laborato

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Balhane, Saloua, Frédérique Cheruy, Fatima Driouech, et al. "Towards an advanced representation of precipitation over Morocco in a global climate model with resolution enhancement and empirical run‐time bias corrections." International Journal of Climatology, February 26, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.8405.

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AbstractMorocco, as a Mediterranean and North African country, is acknowledged as a climate change hotspot, where increased drought and related water resource shortages present a real challenge for human and natural systems. However, its geographic position and regional characteristics make the simulation of the distribution and variability of precipitation particularly challenging in the region. In this study, we propose an approach where the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Zoom (LMDZ) GCM is run with a stretched grid configuration developed with enhanced resolution (35 km) over the reg

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