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Kubátová, Petra. "Strategická analýza podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-17750.
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The work's target is to make a strategic analysis of the past development and current strategic position of the company and to formulate its conclusion. The work concentrates on creating of the analysis of external surroundings and internal sources of the company and its development in the course of time, on discovering of strengths and weaknesses of the company, and opportunities and threats of surroundings. The conclusion consists in evaluation of achieving company's goal and suggestion of strategy for future development of the company.
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Smržová, Lucie. "Aktualizace podnikatelského plánu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-203767.
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Thesis is focused on the analysis of the macro surroundings of the private farm with emphasis on the analysis of the impact of changes in subsidy policy of the state and the EU. Follows the outline of the changes to the business plan with regard to the results of this analysis. The work is divided into four separate parts - the introduction, theoretical part, practical part and conclusion. In the theoretical part are described mainly basic concepts related to entrepreneurship, business, agriculture, and business plan. Further acquaintance with the theory of enterprise financing and financing through subsidies from the state. It is mentioned here and the methodology that is used in the following section. In the practical part is already applied to the analysis of the external environment of the enterprise. In particular, the political-legislative and economic sphere. This is further summarized using the method of MAPS. The following analysis follows comparing the 2014 and 2016 that will answer the research and sub-questions. This thesis serves as a basis for private agricultural company located on the market already ten years.
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Du, Min. "A greenhouse screening method for resistance to gray leaf spot in maize." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42953.
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Weberová, Martina. "Konkurenční strategie firmy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223187.
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The main goal of this thesis is to define factors, based on external and internal analysis, which affect potential success of actual manufacturing concern and design strategical recommendations, which offer evaluation and possibilities of future development to the company management. This thesis is divided into three parts – theoretical part, analytical part and project part. Basic terms, used methods and analyses of external and internal influences are described in the theoretical part. These methods are applied on the actual manufacturing concern in the analytical part. Suggested alternative solutions are described in the project part. The most suitable alternative is defined in the closure.
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Blatný, Kryštof. "Zhodnocení finanční situace vybrané mezinárodně působící společnosti s ohledem na investiční rozhodování." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443141.
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This diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of the financial situation of the internationally operating company HST Hydrosystémy s.r.o. regarding and its investment decisions making. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part deals with the definition of theoretical background, which will be used in other parts of this thesis. The second part describes the strategic position of the company in the market of technological units for water management. Furthermore, the financial situation in the period 2015–2019 is evaluated. The last part of the diploma thesis deals with the investment plan for the construction of an administrative building.
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Powell, Michelle Emma. "Development of next-generation biopesticides as a control method for the small hive beetle Aethina tumida Murray (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), a serious pest of the European honey bee Apis mellifera." Thesis, Durham University, 2019. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12952/.
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The small hive beetle (Aethina tumida) is a serious pest of the European honey bee (Apis mellifera), responsible for causing significant economic damage to the apiculture industry in North America and Australia. In 2014 A. tumida was detected in Italy, highlighting the potential for an outbreak within the UK. Current control measures rely on the use of organophosphate and permethrin, both are highly toxic to honeybees and continued use can give rise to resistance. Given these issues alternative control strategies are urgently required. The aims of this thesis were to explore potential for the development of next generation biopesticides, including RNA interference (RNAi) and fusion protein technology, as an alternative control method for A. tumida The sequence specificity of RNAi makes it an ideal strategy to combat this parasite of honey bees. Here we report that microinjection of low (2-10 ng) doses of V-ATPase subunit A and Laccase 2 dsRNAs resulted in 100 % mortality of A. tumida larvae. Quantitative PCR analysis confirmed that injections induced significant decreases in mRNA levels of the target genes with an enhancement of gene suppression over time providing evidence for systemic RNAi effects. Whilst oral delivery of V-ATPase subunit A dsRNA via "soaking" in dsRNA solutions resulted in 50 % mortality and malformed survivors, gene suppression could not be verified by qPCR analysis. Our results showed that dsRNAs are prone to degradation by extracellular nucleases following ingestion by feeding, but not wandering stage, larvae. We suggest that the lack of consistent RNAi effects in feeding experiments was a consequence of dsRNA degradation within the gut of A. tumida. Target specificity was confirmed by a lack of effect on survival or gene expression in honey bees injected with A. tumida dsRNAs. A. tumida show a robust response to injected dsRNA but further research is required to develop methods to induce RNAi effects via ingestion. The spider-venom peptide ω-hexatoxin-Hv1a (Hv1a) is highly potent by injection to a range of insects, but not vertebrates making it an ideal candidate for the development of bioinsecticides. Oral delivery of the toxin is largely ineffective due to failure to access its site of action in the central nervous system (CNS). Fusion protein technology allows oral delivery of Hv1a to the CNS via fusion to a "carrier" protein, snowdrop lectin Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA), directing transport of the toxin across the insect gut to the circulatory system. Constructs encoding Hv1a or modified Hv1a (K > Q modification to remove potential KEX2 cleavage site) linked to the N- or C-terminus of snowdrop lectin (GNA) were used to produce recombinant GNA/Hv1a, Hv1a/GNA fusion proteins and K > Q. All four fusion proteins were toxic by injection to A. tumida. The LD50's for GNA/Hv1a and GNA/Hv1a(K > Q) were a similar 0.44 and 0.47 µg/µl, whilst Hv1a/GNA and Hv1a(K > Q)/GNA LD50's were slightly lower, at a respective 0.33 and 0.25 µg/µl. In contrast no effects on honeybee survival were observed when 20 fold higher doses were injected. When fed to A. tumida larvae, GNA/Hv1a was 2x more effective than Hv1a/GNA, GNA/Hv1a(K > Q) and Hv1a(K > Q)/GNA (LC50s of 0.52, 1.14, 1.18 and 0.89 mg/ml, respectively). When fed to A. tumida adults no mortality was recorded for GNA/Hv1a(K > Q) or Hv1a(K > Q)/GNA treatments. However, both Hv1a/GNA and GNA/Hv1a were toxic to adults, with similar LC50s of 2.52 and 2.02 mg/ml, respectively. Reduced efficacy of Hv1a/GNA and K > Q variants against larvae was shown to be attributable to differences in the stability of the fusion proteins in the presence of extracellular gut proteases. In laboratory assays A. tumida larval survival was significantly reduced when brood, inoculated with eggs, was treated with GNA/Hv1a. The dominant digestive protease in A. tumida larvae was identified as trypsin. Consequently, a trypsin inhibitor (Soybean Kunitz trypsin inhibitor: SKTI) was incubated together with A. tumida gut extracts and GNA/Hv1a and Hv1/GNA, with both fusion protein remaining fully intact after 24 hr. This contrasted with previous analysis that showed no intact GNA/Hv1a or Hv1a/GNA after incubation with gut extracts in the absence of the trypsin inhibitor under comparable conditions. Consequently, SKTI was evaluated as an alternative carrier protein to GNA for the delivery of Hv1a to the circulatory system of A tumida. Preliminary studies indicated transport of SKTI into the haemolymph, suggesting SKTI could be used as an alternative carrier protein. An initial construct was designed based on GNA/Hv1a, however no biological activity was observed after injection into A. tumida larvae. It was speculated that the lack of insecticidal activity was attributed to the misfolding of the toxin during expression in the yeast cells. As such two additional fusion proteins were designed incorporating either a flexible (Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Ser motif) or rigid linker (Proline rich motif region) to improve protein folding and function. Only inclusion of a rigid linker showed limited biological activity after injection into A. tumida larvae, again suggesting misfolding of the toxin. Both RNAi and fusion protein technology hold enormous potential for the control of A. tumida in apiculture and to our knowledge this is the first study to demonstrate the use of a protein based biopesticide and RNAi as a possible control method for A. tumida.
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Černocký, Tomáš. "Řízení rizik ve stavebním podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225973.
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The thesis deals with risk management in the construction company. There are described the concepts related to the issue, that is characteristic of the construction company, risk classification, marking out the risk factors, the determination of significance of risk factors and identification of potential risk factors, consequences on the economic situation of the construction company. In the practical part there are certain risk factors analyzed in the selected building company. In addition to their significance are determined based on the method of risk assessment matrix and consequently the most significant risks are reflected in the financial plan construction company. In the last section are suggested measures and recommendations for the company to reduce the impact of risks on the economic situation of the company.
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Nováková, Petra. "Strategie podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-81328.
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Kopecká, Jana. "Rizika řízení průběhu zakázky v nebankovní instituci." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-414111.
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The diploma thesis deals with the issue of risk management during the contract in Provident Financial company which focuses on short-term and mid-term loans. This thesis is divided into three parts. The first part provides theoretical basis based on professional literature. The analytical part is focused on introduction of the company, description of the course of the contract and risks associated with it and analysis of external environment. Last part shows proposals to minimize the risks mentioned in the analysis and a proposal for new information system, which is important for the company.
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Дубєнко, К. В. "Формування конкурентної стратегії консалтингового підприємства." Thesis, Одеський національний економічний університет, 2021. http://local.lib/diploma/Dubenko.pdf.
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Доступ до роботи тільки на території бібліотеки ОНЕУ, для переходу натисніть на посилання нижчеПроаналізовано ринок консалтингових послуг України та встановлено найбільш впливові фактори зовнішнього середовища. Сформовано конкурентну стратегію діяльності ТОВ "Євлада" та запропоновано заходи щодо її реалізації.
The Ukrainian market of consulting services is analysed. The most influential factors of the external environment are determined. The competitive strategy of Evlada LLC activity is formed and measures on its realization are offered.
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Burešová, Barbora. "Výstavba golfového hřiště Liščí louky: porovnání metod projektového řízení PERT a Critical Chain." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15766.
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This thesis demonstrates comparison of methods PERT and Critical Chain on the practical project of the development of golf course Liščí louky. In terms of the project the owners of the company GOLF Šumava s.r.o. will make a decision between two feasible alternates of the project. The thesis presents the comparison by methods PERT and Critical Chain by using software MS Project. The recommendation of the final alternate of the project for the owners was made not only on the basis of time and cost analysis but also on the basis of SWOT analyse.
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Skenjana, Nolitha Leonora. "Identification and documentation of ethnobiological methods used by rural farmers to control stalk borers on maize in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1019852.
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Maize contributes substantially to food security in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. It is a staple food to many of the province’s rural and urban inhabitants. Insect pests are one of the factors that hamper its productivity and as a result, deprive farmers of good yields. The adverse effects of insecticides and the high cost associated with them and the cost of transgenic seeds are some of the challenges faced by small-scale farmers in rural areas. Alternative control methods which include the use of indigenous techniques to control pests are now sought. A study to identify and document ethnobiological means used by rural farmers to manage insect pests of maize was conducted in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province. A total of 217 participants were interviewed on the matter, using semi-structured but detailed questionnaires. Rural farmers due to their linkage to agriculture activities and the fact that they are considered as custodians of agricultural indigenous knowledge were selected as respondents. Only maize producing and IsiXhosa speaking people were chosen to contribute. Main focus was on the demography of respondents, crop production activities and insect pest control. Pretesting of the questionnaire in order to assess the appropriateness of questions and comprehension by both farmers and enumerators was done. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics. Fifty five percent (55 %) of the respondents were females and the highest number of participants was from the Chris Hani District Municipality. Majority of the people were unemployed or pensioners. Most had only attended primary school and the mean age was 59 years. Apart from maize, respondents were cultivating other crops such as cabbage, Swiss chard, potatoes etc. Stalk borers followed by cutworms were the main pests of maize in these areas. Respondents used mainly insecticides, followed by alternative substances, which also included cultural control methods such as planting date manipulation. Few respondents used plants as control agents for insect pests. Some people did not control pests even though they were a problem in their fields. The most used plant was Chenopodium ambrosiodes L, while the most used substance was Madubula (a detergent). The most used insecticide was carbaryl from the carbamite family. Respondents listed different preparation techniques for all the control methods mentioned. These techniques revealed different times of preparation, quantities of ingredients, amounts applied on plants, modes of application and intervals of application. Rural farmers in the study areas used different atypical methods which may play a significant role in pest management today. Some of the products may have a positive influence on agriculture, while some are dangerous to humans and environmental health. Further research which will investigate their potential use in pest control needs to be done.
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Littlefield, Joanne. "Pest Control in the Urban Environment: Strategies Focus on Biological Methods." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622244.
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Li, Shujuan, Dawn Gouge, and Al Fournier. "Practical Methods of Controlling Bed Bugs at Home." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/335818.
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4 pp.Bed bugs can cause anxiety, bite reactions, and financial hardship. The University of Arizona Community IPM Program and partnering research institutions are working to battle the recent bed bug resurgence. Researchers hope to determine the real social cost of bed bugs, as well as the significant causes of infestations. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach is the most likely strategy to result in successful elimination of bed bugs.
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Vouyoykalou, E. "Possible non-chemical methods for the management of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp)." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259493.
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Dunbar, Alyssa C. "Using Surficial Geochemical Methods to Detect Anomalies of Ore Indicator Metals in a Peat Bog at McIlvenna Bay, Saskatchewan, Canada, as a Method for Blind VMS Deposit Exploration." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35833.
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Surficial geochemistry, particularly selective leach technology, has proven effective in revealing anomalous concentrations of ore indicator metals overlying zones of buried mineralization. This study focuses on the buried Zn-Cu-Au-Ag VMS deposit at McIlvenna Bay in the Flin Flon Greenstone Belt to determine whether the peat swamp at the surface contains any anomalies of ore indicator metals using simple surficial geochemical techniques. Three selective leaches were performed, ammonium acetate pH 5.0, hydroxylamine, and sodium pyrophosphate. The hydroxylamine leach, which selects for metals in the reducible phase often associated with Mn and Fe oxides, has the clearest anomaly for multiple metals observed simultaneously, at the greatest magnitude. The pyrophosphate leach, which selects for metals that are oxidizable, often associated with organics showed a clear anomaly only for Cu, despite the abundance of organic matter and its great affinity for binding metals, likely because the organic-metal complexes formed in this system are easily exchangeable and highly soluble, not allowing for the formation of clear anomalies. The use of selective leach technology on surficial soil or peat has shown to be effective for delineating ore indicator metal anomalies, giving surface projections of buried mineralization in various types of systems, as long as the dynamics of the system are well understood in order to determine the phase the metals are associated with.
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Sörensen, Jens. "PET in Heart Failure - Methods and Applications." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Clinical Physiology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4654.
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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) permits regional myocardial perfusion, fibrosis and oxidative metabolism to be non-invasively quantified with radioactive tracers such as [15O]-water and [1-11C]-acetate. PET is an established research tool in congestive heart failure (CHF), a major cause of morbidity and mortality. However, as CHF is a syndrome that eventually affects all aspects of cardiac and systemic hemodynamic function, more clinically relevant information from a single PET scan is desirable. The aim of this thesis therefore was to develop and implement some new concepts in cardiac PET.
A new method for the measurement of cardiac output with any tracer was validated in animal experiments and CHF patients. The early pulmonary retention of [1-11C]-acetate was inversely related to left ventricular (LV) function in animals and was directly proportional to lung water content and severity of LV diastolic dysfunction in patients.
Eight patients with acute myocardial infarction were followed with serial PET from 3 hours to 3 weeks after trombolytic treatment. PET revealed that myocardial perfusion and the extraction and utilization of fuel substrates all decreased closer to the infarct centre. The rate of oxygen utilization within the infarct at 3 h predicted degree of myocardial fibrosis, pulmonary oedema and tissue viability at 3 weeks.
Seventeen patients with CHF due to chronic ischemic cardiomyopathy and severely reduced LV function were evaluated with [1-11C]-acetate PET before and after coronary artery bypass surgery. There was a dramatic improvement in physical performance and symptoms, which was not correlated to the standard LV ejection indices. PET revealed that functional improvement was associated with improved LV loading conditions, reversed remodeling and homogenization of oxidative metabolism rather than increased output.
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Sörensen, Jens. "PET in heart failure : methods and applications /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4654.
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White, Nicola. "Thermal biology of three potential glasshouse biocontrol agents (Euseius spp.) and the target pest, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Phytoseiidae), whilst assessing public understanding of pest control methods." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6614/.
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The world population is continually growing with an increasing food demand to match whilst pests represent a major loss to agricultural production. The aim of this thesis was to assess the overwintering survival and activity potential of three candidate biological control agents, \(Euseius\) \((Amblyseius)\) \(ovalis\) Evans; \(Euseius\) \(stipulatus\) Athias-Henriot and \(Euseius\) \(gallicus\) Kreiter and Tixier (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Cold tolerance assessments indicated that both \(Euseius\) \(ovalis\) and \(Euseius\) \(stipulatus\), as non-native species, were physiologically ill-adapted to UK winter temperatures. \(Euseius\) \(gallicus\), as a species native to temperate European countries, was found to have an acclimation and diapause trait, being well-adapted to survive a UK winter. Thermal activity thresholds supported all three Euseius spp. as efficient agents against \(Tetranychus\) \(urticae\) under low temperature conditions, with \(Euseius\) \(gallicus\)’ acclimated lower activity threshold supporting its use in open-field releases of native countries. The data from the cold tolerance of \(Euseius\) spp. and \(Tetranychus\) \(urticae\) have further enhanced the reliability of the winter survival regression (LTime\(_50\) at 5°C) as an essential component of arthropod cold survival assessments. Finally, this thesis presents a study on the role of the media in public understanding and awareness of pest control strategies; discussed with regards to food security.
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Häggström, Ida. "Quantitative methods for tumor imaging with dynamic PET." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Radiofysik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-95126.
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There is always a need and drive to improve modern cancer care. Dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) offers the advantage of in vivo functional imaging, combined with the ability to follow the physiological processes over time. In addition, by applying tracer kinetic modeling to the dynamic PET data, thus estimating pharmacokinetic parameters associated to e.g. glucose metabolism, cell proliferation etc., more information about the tissue's underlying biology and physiology can be determined. This supplementary information can potentially be a considerable aid when it comes to the segmentation, diagnosis, staging, treatment planning, early treatment response monitoring and follow-up of cancerous tumors. We have found it feasible to use kinetic parameters for semi-automatic tumor segmentation, and found parametric images to have higher contrast compared to static PET uptake images. There are however many possible sources of errors and uncertainties in kinetic parameters obtained through compartment modeling of dynamic PET data. The variation in the number of detected photons caused by the random nature of radioactive decay, is of course always a major source. Other sources may include: the choice of an appropriate model that is suitable for the radiotracer in question, camera detectors and electronics, image acquisition protocol, image reconstruction algorithm with corrections (attenuation, random and scattered coincidences, detector uniformity, decay) and so on. We have found the early frame sampling scheme in dynamic PET to affect the bias and uncertainty in calculated kinetic parameters, and that scatter corrections are necessary for most but not all parameter estimates. Furthermore, analytical image reconstruction algorithms seem more suited for compartment modeling applications compared to iterative algorithms. This thesis and included papers show potential applications and tools for quantitative pharmacokinetic parameters in oncology, and help understand errors and uncertainties associated with them. The aim is to contribute to the long-term goal of enabling the use of dynamic PET and pharmacokinetic parameters for improvements of today's cancer care.Det finns alltid ett behov och en strävan att förbättra dagens cancervård. Dynamisk positronemissionstomografi (PET) medför fördelen av in vivo funktionell avbilning, kombinerad med möjligheten att följa fysiologiska processer över tiden. Genom att därtill tillämpa kinetisk modellering på det dynamiska PET-datat, och därigenom skatta farmakokinetiska parametrar associerade till glukosmetabolism, cellproliferation etc., kan ytterligare information om vävnadens underliggande biologi och fysiologi bestämmas. Denna kompletterande information kan potentiellt vara till stor nytta för segmentering, diagnos, stadieindelning, behandlingsplanering, monitorering av tidig behandlingsrespons samt uppföljning av cancertumörer. Vi fann det möjligt att använda kinetiska parametrar för semi-automatisk tumörsegmentering, och fann även att parametriska bilder hade högre kontrast jämfört med upptagsbilder från statisk PET. Det finns dock många möjliga källor till osäkerheter och fel i kinetiska parametrar som beräknats genom compartment-modellering av dynamisk PET. En av de största källorna är det radioaktiva sönderfallets slumpmässiga natur som orsakar variationer i antalet detekterade fotoner. Andra källor inkluderar valet av compartment-modell som är lämplig för den aktuella radiotracern, PET-kamerans detektorer och elektronik, bildtagningsprotokoll, bildrekonstruktionsalgoritm med tillhörande korrektioner (attenuering, slumpmässig och spridd strålning, detektorernas likformighet, sönderfall) och så vidare. Vi fann att tidssamplingsschemat för tidiga bilder i dynamisk PET påverkar både fel och osäkerhet i beräknade kinetiska parametrar, och att bildkorrektioner för spridd strålning är nödvändigt för de flesta men inte alla parametrar. Utöver detta verkar analytiska bildrekonstruktionsalgoritmer vara bättre lämpade för tillämpningar som innefattar compartment-modellering i jämförelse med iterativa algoritmer. Denna avhandling med inkluderade artiklar visar möjliga tillämpningar och verktyg för kvantitativa kinetiska parametrar inom onkologiområdet. Den bidrar också till förståelsen av fel och osäkerheter associerade till dem. Syftet är att bidra till det långsiktiga målet att möjliggöra användandet av dynamisk PET och farmakokinetiska parametrar för att förbättra dagens cancervård.
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Bolton, Michael. "Genetic control methods for agricultural insect pests of global importance." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2017. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/63943/.
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Insect pests of agricultural significance pose substantial risks for food security in an ever-growing global population. Conventional control measures used against these pests have had varying degrees of success and examples of pesticide resistance and offtarget effects of pesticides highlight the urgent need for the development of new, environmentally benign control methods. Deployment of ‘self-limiting’ insects is a species-specific approach that can be used to combat many species, including two major agricultural insect pests, the Medfly, Ceratitis capitata, and the Diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella. In this thesis, I used transgenic ‘self-limiting’ strains of medfly and DBM to stress-test self-limiting technology in laboratory and field scenarios. In Chapter 2, I tested the effect of larval diet composition on the penetrance of a female-specific self-limiting system in the OX3864A strain of medfly under simulated control conditions. In Chapter 3 I investigated the potential for resistance to selflimiting systems, using artificial selection for survival under a low dose of the transgene antidote, in the OX3864A medfly strain. In Chapter 4 I used the OX4319L self-limiting strain of DBM and showed that its responses to an artificial pheromone source in wind tunnel flight trials were comparable to the wild type. I also described the field dispersal characteristics of a long-term, laboratory-reared wildtype DBM strain in a mark-release-recapture trial. In Chapter 5 I demonstrated that the OX4319L DBM strain had comparable field longevity, but reduced mating competitiveness, in comparison to a wild-caught DBM strain. Finally, in Chapter 6, I discuss the broader context and address the practicalities, regulatory controls and implications of transgenic technologies for insect pest control under open field conditions.
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Walker, Anthony John. "Characterisation of the proteolytic activity in the digestive system of the field slug Deroceras reticulatum as a target for novel methods of control." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360995.
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Ricker-Gilbert, Jacob. "Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Extension Methods and Programs: The Case of Bangladesh." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34681.
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This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of alternative Integrated Pest Management (IPM) training methods and programs aimed at diffusing IPM innovations to farmers in Bangladesh. Various IPM innovations are categorized as being simple, intermediate or complex, while dissemination methods used to extend these innovations are classified as being less intense, moderately intense, or more intense. Examples of less intense diffusion methods include mass media and field day demonstrations, and moderately intense methods include visits from agents. A "farmer field school" (FFS) is considered a more intense type of training method. The study evaluates the effectiveness of these IPM diffusion methods based on a number of criteria such as a methods ability to reach the greatest number of farmers with a given budget, their capability of reaching farmers quickly, and their ability to influence adoption of IPM. Additional components of effectiveness include influencing appropriate use of IPM, influencing retention of IPM, providing a level knowledge that participants can adapt to other areas on the farm, and providing accessibility to limited resource farmers. Data used in the analysis come from a field survey conducted on 350 rice and vegetable farmers in Bangladesh during July and August of 2004. Three ordered probit models are used to measure adoption of simple, intermediate and complex technologies. Results from these models indicate that FFS participants are more likely than non-participants to adopt simple, intermediate and complex practices, while farmers visited by agents are more likely than non-participants to adopt simple and intermediate practices. Field day attendees are more likely to adopt intermediate and complex practices than non-participants. These results may be influenced by endogeneity of unobserved factors that influence participation in FFS but also affect adoption. The study uses a binary probit model to measure appropriate use, but it does not detect any significant differences among farmers trained through different methods, nor does it find any significant differences in retention rates among farmers who have been to different training programs. Another probit model identifies farmers who have been visited by an agent as being more likely to discover an IPM practice through their own experimentation, indicating that farmers who have been visited by an agent have received enough knowledge to adapt IPM to different problems on their farm. Results of the study indicate that limited resource farms are well represented by their participation in the various training methods, but that a higher percentage of large farmers than small farmers in the sample have been visited by an agent or been to FFS. Informal diffusion of IPM information is found to be occurring among people in FFS villages for simple practices. However, for intermediate and complex practices, farmers who participated in FFS are no more likely to spread information to other people in their villages than are less intense formal training methods such as field days and agent visits. This result indicates that while FFS graduates may be likely to share simple practices with others, they should not be relied upon as the primary means of informally diffusing more complex practices to other farmers. The cost-effectiveness estimation incorporates components of the effectiveness evaluation along with the cost of administering the methods. The study calculates that agent visits are the most cost-effective method for diffusing simple and complex technologies and practices, while field days are the most cost-effective methods for extending intermediate technologies and practices.Master of Science
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Liu, Zhibo. "Developing a broadly applicable and facile radiolabeling method for PET imaging." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/48489.
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Positron emission tomography (PET) is on the forefront of cancer diagnosis, clinical drug evaluation, and patient management. Among the numbers of β+-emitting nuclides, ¹⁸F (t₁/₂=109.8 min) is a mainstay isotope for PET imaging owing to its excellent nuclear properties and on-demand production at Curie levels. Despite the success of PET and increasing interests of ¹⁸F-radiochemistry, a facile ¹⁸F-labeling method that can be broadly applied to biomolecules has been a long-standing challenge. Most known ¹⁸F-labeling methods are relatively onerous and lengthy processes, which is a particularly serious problem given the short half-life of ¹⁸F. This thesis describes the design, synthesis and in vivo evaluation of novel ¹⁸F-radioprosthetics based on B-¹⁸F formation, and aims at developing a facile and broadly applicable ¹⁸F-labeling method for PET imaging. Previously, the Perrin group has established ¹⁸F-aryltrifluoroborates as a promising radiosynthon to radiolabel bioligands. In light of this success, this thesis has dedicated to expand B-¹⁸F labeling method from a scientific design to a generic clinical-friendly tool for developing new PET tracers. The first highlight of this thesis is to create new labeling methods (Chapter 4 and Chapter 5) to increase the specific activity of ¹⁸F-radiotracers to 15 Ci/μmol, which is about a magnitude higher than normal maximum. The second highlight is to discover a heretofore-unknown linear correlation between the solvolytic stability for a given organotrifluoroborate and the pKa of the corresponding carboxylic acids (Chapter 3). This discovery has fundamental interests for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling and also leads me to find a novel B-¹⁸F radiosynthon that combines high in vivo stability and “kit-like” ¹⁸F-labelling technology, which is the third highlight and also the core of this body of work (Chapter 6). Along with this, numbers of bioligands have been biologically evaluated, and some of them demonstrate excellent in vivo performance. Particularly, TATE-AMBF₃, which is an octreotate derivative, showing the best performance of any ligands for imaging somatostatin receptors in several decades (Chapter 7). In addition, for seamless bench-to-bed translation, a dual-modal strategy of synthesizing fluorescent PET tracer is presented (Chapter 8).Science, Faculty of
Chemistry, Department of
Graduate
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Lancaster, Sarah Renee. "Soil microbial response to glyphosate-base cotton pest management systems." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2636.
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Yu, Chin-Lung. "Methods for automated analysis of small-animal PET images." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1580851181&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Malone, Ian Brian. "Registration based methods for MRI derived PET attenuation correction." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612407.
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Jameson, Elizabeth Frances Mary. "Development of solid phase-based PET isotope labelling methods." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/17973.
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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) has great value in research and clinical applications from oncology to neurodegenerative disorders. However, there is a barrier in translating biological knowledge into new PET applications due in part to the lack of efficient, widely applicable methods for labelling compounds with PET radioisotopes. Herein, a generic approach to radiolabelling is presented which is direct, broadly applicable and potentially adaptable to either of the two most commonly used PET radioisotopes, 11C and 18F. This approach employs the advantages of solid phase synthesis to achieve selective release of only the desired radiolabelled product from a solid support in a single step, simplifying purification and hence improving synthetic efficiency. Polystyrene resin was functionalised with a 1,2-diol group; this allowed the covalent attachment of compounds bearing boronic acid groups via formation of a boronate ester linkage. A Suzuki-Miyaura reaction with methyl iodide was used to cleave a model compound from the resin in 61% conversion after five minutes. This reaction was adapted to develop a fully automated radiosynthesis with [11C]- methyl iodide which generated a radiolabelled model compound in 2 – 7% non-decay-corrected radiochemical yield. This provided proof of concept for the simultaneous cleavage of compounds from the resin and radiolabelling with 11C. A boronic acid precursor of the known radiotracer [11C]-M-MTEB was attached to the resin and successfully radiolabelled with 11C in 2.4% non-decay-corrected radiochemical yield and 96 – 100% radiochemical purity under the same conditions. Furthermore, the potential adaptability of this solid phase approach to 18F radiolabelling was demonstrated by treatment of the resin-bound small molecules and peptides with potassium bifluoride, which released the compounds rapidly as trifluoroborate salts.
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Pohanová, Kamila. "Návrh průběhu zpracování první etapy „Studie proveditelnosti pro realizaci centrálních nákupů“." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223233.
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This master’s thesis deals with project management and the proposal of processing of processes centralized procurement purchases. It mentions the issue of theoretical knowledge in project management and planning and principles for legislation of public procurement. Includes analysis of company and of the solved problem, including the proposed solution.
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Stedfast, Molly Logan. "Bed Bug Management in Low-Income, Multi-Unit Housing: An Evaluation of Resident Education and Cost-Effective, Minimally Toxic Suppression Methods." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79560.
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In the United States, we have been battling the bed bug (Cimex lectularius L.) resurgence for over ten years. Current treatment methods are labor intensive, time consuming, and very expensive. Many studies have evaluated the efficacy of treatment methods, but few have focused on bed bug suppression in multi-unit housing. Low income, multi-unit housing residents lack basic bed bug knowledge and are particulary vulnerable to bed bug infestations because they are unable to afford conventional treatment. In this study, diatomaceous earth (D.E.), an inexpensive desiccant dust labeled for bed bug control, was evaluated for its efficacy in killing bed bugs, and determined to be successful. A proactive bed bug suppression program that included D.E. was implemented in a low-income housing facility in Harrisonburg, VA. The program consisted of inexpensive, low toxicity, integrated bed bug management methods, including a novel strategy for applying a perimeter barrier of D.E. in apartment units (n = 121). Over the course of one year, both the number of initial infestations and the costs associated with bed bug treatments were reduced. Low-income, multi-unit housing residents (n = 479) from three cities (Harrisonburg and Richmond, VA; New Orleans, LA) were surveyed before and after an educational seminar to assess their bed bug. After attending the seminar, residents (n = 112) significantly improved (P < 0.0001) their bed bug knowledge, and were able to correctly answer more bed bug-related questions than they had before the educational seminar.Master of Science in Life Sciences
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Rosas, Martins Sara. "Development of genetic control methods in two lepidopteran species." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711625.
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Kulhanek, Ashley Lynn. "User-Friendly Methods for Timing Integrated Pest Management Strategies: An Analysis of Degree-Day Models and Biological Calendars." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1259690152.
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Abbar, Salehe. "Methods for management of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae) in dry-cured ham facilities." Diss., Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/34466.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Entomology
Thomas W. Phillips
Robert "Jeff" J. Whitworth
Dry-cured ham is protected from infestations of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae) with the fumigant methyl bromide. Developing feasible alternatives to methyl bromide is necessary due to the phase out of methyl bromide. The effectiveness of food-safe compounds for preventing infestations of T. putrescentiae on dry-cured hams was evaluated by dipping ham pieces in solutions of various food additives. Propylene glycol (1, 2-propanediol), lard, ethoxyquin and butylated hydroxytoluene prevented or significantly reduced mite population growth. A combination of carrageenan + propylene glycol alginate + 40% propylene glycol was effective in reducing mite numbers on treated whole-aged hams compared with untreated hams. Dose/response tests with twelve registered residual insecticides were conducted to assess contact toxicity to T. putrescentiae. Three of these insecticides were evaluated for persistence over a 2-month period on different surfaces. Commercial formulations of deltamethrin plus chlorpyrifos-methyl, chlorfenapyr, and malathion showed promising results for contact toxicity against T. putriscentiae. Chlorfenapyr applied to metal, concrete, and wood resulted in 100% mortality of treated ham mites for up to 8 weeks. The effect of high and low temperatures on mortality of T. putrescentiae was studied in the laboratory. Groups of 10 eggs and groups of a mixture of 40 adults and nymphs were separately exposed to several high and low temperatures, ranging from +35 to 45°C and from −20 to +5°C, for several time periods. Eggs were found to be more tolerant to both high and low temperatures compared with adults and nymphs. Results showed that high temperatures from 40-45°C killed all T. putrescentiae eggs, adults, and nymphs within 4-1 d, while −10°C or lower killed all the same stages in less than 1 d. Combinations of the fumigant sulfuryl fluoride (SF) applied under high temperatures ranging from 25-40ºC, were studied to determine the highest temperature, shortest exposure time, and the lowest value of a concentration-by-time product (CTP) of SF against T. putrescentiae. Results showed that complete control of all life stages of T. putrescentiae was achieved at 40ºC with SF. More than one day of exposure was required to kill adults and nymphs and eggs at 40ºC at a CTP close to the EPA labeled rate of 1500 gh.m⁻³. Results indicated that adults and nymphs were more susceptible to SF compared to eggs. This study focused on investigating different control methods for T. putrescentiae in dry-cured ham facilities and most of examined techniques are preventive, although some of them can be applied as remedial methods after mite infestations are noticed.
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Gaens, Michaela Elisabeth [Verfasser]. "Monte Carlo Simulation for Scanner Design and Correction Methods in PET and PET/MRI / Michaela Elisabeth Gaens." Wuppertal : Universitätsbibliothek Wuppertal, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1062996542/34.
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Hussain, Shabbir. "A Simple PET Imaging Educational Demonstrator." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknik och hälsa (STH), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-107198.
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Recent interests in computer based tools and simulations for PET imaging studies have been a leading source for many new developments. A strong emphasis in these studies has been to improve and optimize the PET scanners for better image quality and quantification of related system parameters. In this project, an attempt has been made to develop a Matlab tool intended to be of educational nature for new students where one can perform demonstration of PET-like imaging in a simple and quick way. This demonstration tool utilizes a high resolution, voxel based digital brain (Zubal) phantom as a primary study object. A tumor of specific size is defined by the user on a chosen slice of the phantom. The output images from this tool show the exact location of the predefined tumor. The algorithm attempts to estimate the positron emission direction, positron range distribution and photon detection in a circular geometry. Additional attempt has been made to estimate certain statistical parameters against a specific amount of radiotracer uptake. These include spatial resolution, photons count, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the ultimate PET image. Dependence of these estimated results by the tool on different system input parameters has been studied.
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Marie, Guillaume. "Exploration of new methods involved for the synthesis of PET tracers." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2014. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/67939/.
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This work describes the development and the optimisation of microfluidic radiolabelling by using an Eckert & Ziegler device remotely controlled by a computer to perform the multistep synthesis of [18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]-FDG). This device was then modified to control the fluidic transfers via flow of nitrogen and vacuum with the aid of a new one-way cassette system by using different concentrations of water for the Kryptofix solution. A new route was also explored to perform florbetaben ([18F]-BAY94- 9172), a potent Alzheimer’s disease PET tracer. Chapter 1 is an overview of positron emission tomography techniques to synthesise tracers. Chapter 2 is a brief introduction of the PETIC centre (Wales), where the fluoride-18 was delivered to produce [18F]-FDG. Chapter 3 describes the reaction of the [K+⊂2.2.2]18F− complex on mannose triflate and the variety of products formed. The Eckert & Ziegler platform was furnished with a cassette module and a microfluidic tubing to perform the radiolabelling fluorination of mannose triflate to the tetraacetate [18F]-deoxy-D-glucose and [18F]-FDG. Chapter 4 is focused on the modifications on the Eckert & Ziegler modules by using 1-way cassettes to limit the use of mechanical valves. [18F]-FDG was synthesised via a semiautomated procedure by limiting the number of modules present in the hot cell. Chapter 5 is an investigation for the preparation of several triethylene glycol derivatives following the syntheses of Kryptofix [2.2.2]. The use of triethylene glycol chain will be essential for the synthesis of the Florbetaben precursor. The Chapter 6 is the exploration of a new synthetic route leading to the precursor of florbetaben.
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Olsson, Johan. "Automated Method for Generation of Input Function in PET Studies using MVW-PC Images." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-101163.
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Modeling is an approach for extracting quantitative values from PET. The signal from a reference region or from blood samples is used as reference. Since blood sampling is risky, this report presents an automated method based on MVW-PCA for using blood data from the images.
The study was performed on clinical PET data from several human brains using the tracer PIB. Two veins were found in a MVW-PC and an average of the TACs from the relevant locations was formed. Finally, a correcting function was calculated.
The curves generated from the image data were very similar to the curves generated from blood samples, with the largest errors in the beginning of the scan.
The used method shows potential for generating very good results if worked onmore. One of the strengths of the approach is that it is not limited to a specific tracer or time protocol, since the MVW-PC will be chosen depending on the weights for the first 60 seconds.
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Lubberink, Mark. "Quantitative imaging with PET : performance and applications of ⁷⁶Br, ⁵²Fe, ¹¹⁰mIn and ¹³⁴La /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5015-6/.
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Aasheim, Lars Birger. "Attenuation correction in PET/MR : A performance assessment of UTE-based and Dixon-based methods for PET attenuation correction." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for fysikk, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-26367.
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Hybrid positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MR) scanners are one of the latest tools available in the field of medical imaging, and are expected to outperform the well-established PET/X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanners in a large range of fields. The perhaps largest challenge that has to be overcome before this can be achieved, is that of attenuation correction (AC) of the acquired PET images, as there is no direct relation between the MR image intensity of a tissue and its attenuating properties, as is the case in CT.This study investigated the performance of two PET AC methods provided with the biograph mMR PET/MR scanner installed at St. Olavs Hospital (Trondheim, Norway); one for head imaging based on an ultra-short echo-time (UTE) sequence, and one for whole-body imaging based on a Dixon sequence. These AC methods were compared to the `gold standard' of CT-based AC, based on activity concentrations in PET images from mMR examinations of lymphoma and lung cancer patients, corrected with the different AC methods (UTE, Dixon and CT).The results of the study show that the UTE-based AC method leads to an underestimation of PET activity in the brain of up to 9 \% in the investigated regions of interest. This is caused by underestimation of bone in the cranial region. The exclusion of bone in the Dixon-based AC method leads to underestimation of PET activity in the thorax/abdomen, indicated by an underestimation of 4 \% in the liver. The two MR-based AC methods are thus not sufficiently accurate to be utilised for quantification in PET imaging.
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Križka, Dominik. "Využití metod projektového managementu ve firmě v době pandemie." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444608.
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The diploma thesis is focused on the use of project management methods in the company during a pandemic. The aim is to create a project proposal for the creation and promotion of a new company website with a full-fledged online store in order to increase product sales. The theoretical part describes the individual concepts and methods that are used in the analytical and design part. The analysis of the company is processed in the analytical part. Based on the information obtained about the company, a project proposal is developed using project management methods.
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Anýž, Lukáš. "Výběr a implementace informačního systému." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444591.
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This master’s thesis deals with the design and implementation of an information system for the company ProSpánek SE. The aim of my work is to assess the requirements for IS and to apply it well in operation. The diploma thesis focuses on the theoretical basis that is necessary for understanding the issue. Then a complete analysis, design and assignment of a suitable new information system to the company. It contains a proposal that contributes to the improvement, faster and lucid operation of the system.
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Stetkiewicz, Stacia Serreze. "Interdisciplinary assessment of the potential for improving Integrated Pest Management practice in Scottish spring barley." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28959.
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Integrated Pest Management (IPM) has long been promoted as a means of reducing reliance on pesticide inputs as compared to conventional farming systems. Reduced pesticide application could be beneficial due to the links between intensive pesticide use and negative impacts upon biodiversity and human health as well as the development of pesticide resistance. Work assessing the potential of IPM in cereal production is currently limited, however, and previous findings have generally covered the subject from the perspective of either field trial data or social science studies of farmer behaviour. This thesis attempts to help to address this knowledge gap by providing a more holistic assessment of IPM in Scottish spring barley production (selected because of its dominance in Scotland’s arable production systems), in relation to three of its most damaging fungal pathogens: Rhynchosporium commune, Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei, and Ramularia collo-cygni. Several IPM techniques of potential relevance to the sector were identified, and the prospects of three in particular – crop rotation, varietal disease resistance, and forecasting disease pressure – were assessed in several ways. Preliminary analysis of experimental field trial data collected from 2011 – 2014 across Scotland found that the majority of spring barley trials in this period (65%) did not show a statistically significant impact of fungicide treatment on yield, with the average yield increase due to fungicide application being 0.62 t/ha. This initial analysis was expanded upon using stepwise regressions of long-term (1996 – 2014) field trial data from the same dataset. Here, the difference between treated and untreated yields could be explained by disease resistance, average seasonal rainfall (whereby wetter seasons saw an increased impact of fungicide use on yield), and high combined disease severity. Stakeholder surveying provided information about current practice and attitudes towards the selected IPM techniques amongst a group of 43 Scottish spring barley farmers and 36 agronomists. Stakeholders were broadly open to taking up IPM measures on farm; sowing of disease resistant varieties was most frequently selected as the best technique in terms of both practicality and cost, though individual preference varied. However, a disparity was seen between farmer perception of their uptake of IPM and actual, self-reported uptake for both varietal disease resistance and rotation. Farmers and agronomists also overestimated the impact of fungicide use as compared with the field trials results – the majority of stakeholders believed fungicide treatment to increase yields by 1 - 2 t/ha, while the majority of 2011 – 2014 field trials had a yield difference of under 1 t/ha. The reasons behind these differences between perception and practice are not currently known. Finally, an annual survey of commercial crops, gathered from 552 farms across Scotland (from 2009 – 2015), highlighted two gaps where IPM practice could be improved upon. Firstly, relatively few of the varieties listed in the commercial crops database were highly resistant to the three diseases – 26.1% were highly resistant to Ramularia, 14.2% to Rhynchosporium, and 58.1% to mildew. Secondly, 71% of the farms included in the database had planted barley in at least two consecutive seasons, indicating that crop rotation practices could be improved. The overarching finding of this project is that there is scope for IPM uptake to be improved upon and fungicide use to be reduced while maintaining high levels of yield in Scottish spring barley production. Incorporating experimental field data, stakeholder surveying, and commercial practice data offered a unique view into the potential for IPM in this sector, and provided insights which could not have been gained through the lens of a single discipline.
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Thomazini, Anahi Herrera Aparecida. "Desenvolvimento de estruturas porosas de polietileno de ultra alto peso molecular (PEUAPM) recobertas com apatitas para substituição e regeneração óssea /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100683.
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Orientador: Antonio Carlos GuastaldiBanca: José Augusto Marcondes Agnelli
Banca: José Carlos Bressiani
Banca: Cecília Amélia de Carvalho Zavaglia
Banca: Eliana Cristina da Silva Rigo
Resumo: Neste trabalho, estruturas porosas de Polietileno de Ultra Alto Peso Molecular (PEUAPM) recobertas com diferentes fases de apatita de importância biológica foram desenvolvidas com o objetivo de se obter um biomaterial adequado para a substituição e regeneração óssea, com a combinação das propriedades mecânicas do polímero, da bioatividade das biocerâmicas de apatita e do comportamento favorável dos materiais porosos. Devido às dificuldades de obtenção de recobrimentos de apatita sobre o PEUAPM relatadas na literatura, realizou-se inicialmente um Estudo Preliminar para avaliar a utilização de solução de peróxido de hidrogênio (H2O2) 30% para a modificação química da superfície do polímero, analisando a influência dos períodos de modificação de 24 e 48 horas na variação das propriedades mecânicas do PEUAPM e na obtenção das diferentes fases de apatita de importância biológica empregando-se o método biomimético. Os resultados obtidos, analisados por Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura - MEV, Microanálise Semi-quantitativa por Energia Dispersiva de Raios X - EDX, Difratometria de Raios X - DRX, Espectroscopia no Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier - FTIR, medidas de ângulo de contato e ensaio mecânico de resistência à tração, indicaram que a utilização de solução de H2O2 30% pelo período de 48 horas mostrou-se adequada como método de modificação da superfície do PEUAPM, pois possibilitou a formação de grupos funcionais hidrofílicos na superfície do polímero e resultou em menores alterações das propriedades mecânicas e elásticas do polímero. Constatou-se também que o emprego do método biomimético para o recobrimento da superfície do PEUAPM somente foi adequado com a utilização de soluções SBF com composições modificadas. Para o desenvolvimento das estruturas porosas de PEUAPM recobertas com ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: In this work, porous samples of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) coated with different apatite phases of biological importance were developed, aiming to obtain a suitable biomaterial for bone replacement and regeneration, balancing the mechanical properties of the polymer, the bioactivity of apatite bioceramics and the favorable behavior of the porous materials. Due to the difficulties in obtaining apatite coatings on UHMWPE in the literature, a Preliminary Study was conducted to evaluate the use of a 30% solution of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for the chemical modification of the polymer surface, analyzing the influence of the modification periods of 24 and 48 hours on the variation of the mechanical properties of UHMWPE and in obtaining the different apatite phases of biological importance using the biomimetic method. The results obtained, analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy - SEM, Semi-quantitative microanalysis by Energy Dispersive X-ray - EDX, X-Ray Diffractometry - XRD, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy - FTIR, contact angle measurements and tensile strength mechanical tests, indicated that the use of a 30% solution of H2O2 for a period of 48 hours proved adequate as a surface modification method of UHMWPE, since it allowed the formation of hydrophilic functional groups on the surface of the polymer, resulting in lower changes of the mechanical and elastic properties of the polymer. It was also found that the use of the biomimetic method for the surface coating of UHMWPE was only appropriate with the use of SBF solutions with modified compositions. For the development of porous samples of UHMWPE coated with apatites, UHMWPE porous supports were obtained using NaCl as a pore-forming agent in proportions of 50, 60 and 70% (m/m) with particle size in the range of 175-350µm, 350-500µm and 175- 500µm. The apatite coatings were ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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López, Vilanova Natàlia. "Development and assessment of estimate methods for internal dosimetry using PET/CT." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666703.
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The aim of this thesis was to assess and develop internal dose calculations methods in diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine procedures to patients undergone PET/CT explorations. Towards this objective, the accuracy and precision of different classical methods commonly used to estimate internal dosimetry were investigated. Biodistribution studies were used in order to compare these methods. The main study aspects included region-of-interest (ROI) delineation methods, reconstruction algorithms, scatter correction and radiopharmaceutical's biokinetic. Optimization of internal dosimetry in this thesis was completed with the development of a Monte Carlo (MC) technique for estimating the patient-specific PET/CT dosimetry.
The development of a mathematical model using MC techniques allowed us to have a gold standard to which compare classical techniques and study the aspects discussed previously. It was observed that effective dose (ED) estimations were sensitive to whichever delineation ROI method was applied. Furthermore, it was perceived that the biokinetics of the radioligand also influences in the ED estimation. On the other hand, similar quantitative accuracy was found regarding image reconstruction (FBP and OSEM) and scatter correction methods studied (FSC and SSC). Analysis of the impact of inter- and intra-operator variability in dose estimations revealed higher reproducibility in 3D methods in comparison with 2D planar method. The last one, showed the highest interoperator variability, which implies an overestimation of the ED.
In this dissertation, specific routines were developed to be applied with the MC code PENELOPE/penEasy to perform individualized internal dosimetry estimations. Voxel-level absorbed dose maps which include self- and cross-irradiation doses were generated from the morphological and functional patient images. Further parameters such as cumulative organ dose, maximum and minimum voxel organ values, volume of the organ and dose-volume histograms of interest were reported. The model implemented was applied to a theoretical study using simulated PET images of a voxelized Zubal phantom. The results were benchmarked with the ones obtained using the OLINDA/EXM software. The comparison was in good agreement for those organs were both phantoms considered (Zubal and the reference one in OLINDA/EXM) were close.
Undoubtedly, the implementation of a patient-specific internal dosimetry method not only leads to an improvement in diagnostic examinations where the risk could be quantified, but also NM therapy could become more effective in terms that patients
receiving an optimal care.L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi va ser avaluar i desenvolupar mètodes de càlcul de dosis interna en procediments de diagnòstic i terapèutics de medicina nuclear per a pacients sotmesos a exploracions PET / TC. Amb aquest objectiu, es va investigar l'exactitud i la precisió dels diferents mètodes clàssics utilitzats habitualment per estimar la dosimetria interna. Es van utilitzar estudis de biodistribució per comparar aquests mètodes. Els principals aspectes d'estudi incloïen mètodes de delimitació de la regió d'interès (ROI), algoritmes de reconstrucció, correcció de dispersió i biocinètiques de radiofàrmacs. L'optimització de la dosimetria interna en aquesta tesi es va completar amb el desenvolupament d'una tècnica de Monte Carlo (MC) per a estimar la dosimetria PET / TC específica del pacient. El desenvolupament d'un model matemàtic amb tècniques de MC ens va permetre tenir una referència amb la que comparar les tècniques clàssiques i estudiar els aspectes descrits anteriorment. Es va observar que les estimacions de la dosi efectiva (DE) eren sensibles a qualsevol mètode de delimitació de la ROI aplicada. A més a més, es va percebre que la biocinètica del radiolligand també influeix en l'estimació de la DE. D'altra banda, es va trobar una exactitud quantitativament similar pel que fa a la reconstrucció d'imatges (FBP i OSEM) i els mètodes de correcció de dispersió estudiats (FSC i SSC). L'anàlisi de l'impacte de la variabilitat entre operadors i intra-operadors en les estimacions de dosis va mostrar una major reproductibilitat en els mètodes 3D en comparació amb el mètode planar 2D. Aquest últim, va mostrar la màxima variabilitat entre operadors, la qual cosa implica una sobreestimació de la DE. En aquesta tesi, es van desenvolupar rutines específiques per aplicar-les amb el codi MC PENELOPE / penEasy per a realitzar estimacions de dosimetria interna individualitzades. Es van generar mapes de dosis absorbida a nivell de voxel que incloïen dosis d? autoirradiació i irradiació creuada a partir de les imatges morfològiques i funcionals del pacient. Es van reportar altres paràmetres d?interès com la dosi d'òrgan acumulada, els valors màxims i mínims de l'òrgan i del vòxel, el volum de l'òrgan i els histogrames de dosi-volum. El model implementat es va aplicar a un estudi teòric mitjançant imatges simulades de PET d'un maniquí de Zubal voxelitzat. Els resultats es van comparar amb els obtinguts mitjançant el programa OLINDA / EXM. Es va observar un bon acord per a aquells òrgans semblants entre el maniquí de Zubal i el maniquí de referència del software OLINDA/EXM. Sens dubte, la implementació d'un mètode de dosimetria interna específic per al pacient no només condueix a una millora en les exploracions de diagnòstic on es pot quantificar el risc d?irradiació, sinó que la teràpia amb medicina nuclear podria ser més eficaç en termes que els pacients rebin un tractament òptim.
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Van, Tol Markus Lane. "A graph-based method for segmentation of tumors and lymph nodes in volumetric PET images." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2290.
Full textAbstract:
For radiation treatment of cancer and image-based quantitative assessment of treatment response, target structures like tumors and lymph nodes need to be segmented. In current clinical practice, this is done manually, which is time consuming and error-prone. To address this issue, a semi-automated graph-based segmentation approach was developed.
It was validated with 60 real datasets, segmented by two users manually and with this new algorithm, and 44 scans of a phantom dataset. The results showed a statistically significant improvement in intra- and interoperator consistency of segmentations, a statistically significant improvement in speed of segmentation, and reasonable accuracy against consensus images and phantoms. As such, the algorithm can be applied in cases that otherwise would use manual segmentation.
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Eriksson, Stanley, and Anki Eriksson. "Föryngring och produktion av skog på torvmark." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för skog och träteknik (SOT), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35291.
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Kunskapen kring svensk torvmarksbeskogning är undermålig. En kunskapslucka som till stor del beror på att torvmark tidigare bedömts som ointressant mark i samband med skogsproduktion. Detta beror mycket på det svenska regelverkets restriktioner mot markavvattning och gödsling samt miljöaspekterna som berörs och den aktivare skötsel som krävs. Det ökade behovet av skogsråvara gör att skogsbruket söker nya marker där torvmarken har potential att etableras för skogsproduktion. Studien är en kunskapssammanställning som lyfter fram kunskap kring skogsbruk på svensk torvmark med fokus på föryngringsprocessen. Finland använder torvmarker i skogsbruket på ett sofistikerat sätt. I studien jämförs Sveriges förutsättningar för skogsproduktion på torvmark med Finlands skötselprogram, en jämförelse som går att använda som en fingervisning till vilka föryngringsmetoder som lämpar sig i Sverige. Studien rymmer även en mindre fältstudie på torvmark som visar på tydliga indikationer av näringsbrist i marken och vikten av en korrekt utförd gödslingsåtgärd.The knowledge of forestry on Swedish peatland is insufficient. The knowledge gap is largely due to peatland previously being considered unsuitable land in connection with the forest. This is highly due to the Swedish regulatory restrictions on land drainage and fertilization, but also due to the environmental aspects involved and proactive maintenance required. The increased demand for forest products has allowed forestry to seek alternatives, where peat soil has the potential to be established for forest production. The study is a compilation of knowledge that emphasizes the knowledge of forestry on Swedish peatland with focus on the rejuvenation process. Finland uses peatland forestry in a sophisticated way. The study compares Sweden's prospects for forestry on peatland with Finland's maintenance program, a comparison that can be used as a pointer to which rejuvenation methods are suitable in Sweden. The study also contains a field study on peatland showing clear signs of nutrient deficiency in the soil and the importance of correct fertilization.
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SAIDI, KARECHE DOUDJA. "Planification et pilotage de la production dans les systemes productifs mulicentriques." Paris, ENMP, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENMP0698.
Full textAbstract:
L'evolution des contraintes d'organisation et de gestion de la production a conduit a l'emergence de reseaux defirmes ayant un projet productif commun, que nous denommons "systemes de production multicentriques". Le pilotage de ces productions pose le probleme de la coherence, par rapport a un objectif global, des zones d'autonomie des differents acteurs locaux. Dans ce cadre, notre recherche a porte sur la problematique de la coherence et de la performance de dispositifs de coordination, sachant que nous nous sommes focalisee sur les strategies de reduction et de respect des delais. Notre travail s'articule autour d'une methode hierarchique de planification/ ordonnancement dite "methode des anticipations dynamiques" (mad). Cette methode repose sur une planification +mrp au plus tot; tirant parti d'une analyse pert des nomenclatures et sur un ordonnancement dynamique fonde sur ies marges degagees a l'etape de planification. Des experimentations par simulation ont montre la superiorite de cette methode sur celles classiquement mises en oeuvre en industrie, superiorite qui s'explique par la coherence qu'elle instaure entre les decisions prises au niveau central de planification et les ordonnancements mis en oeuvre de facon decentralisee. Or, en pratique, cette coherence est souvent remise en cause par des actions locales destinees a repondre a des imperatifs du court terme ou a corriger des deviations des plans de production. Parmi ces remises en cause, on peut citer la replanification des ordres lances face a des retards constates et le reordonnancement selon des criteres locaux relevant du savoir faire ou des interets propres des acteurs operationnels. Ces deux phenomenes ainsi que la question de l'evaluation economique d'une approche de pilotage de la production (prise en compte des encours et des penalites de retard) ont constitue les trois axes autour desquels nous avons approfondi l'etude de la mad. Cette etude nous a permis de mettre en evidence l'interet et la necessite d'une nouvelle approche pour le pilotage des productions multicentriques, mais surtout elle nous a permis de comprendre et d'interpreter les mecanismes a l'origine de nombreux dysfonctionnements lies au comportement dynamique des systemes de productionOur work deals with the problem of production control in large manufacturing firms with a network structure. One of the crucial problems production planners do face is that of insuring good global performance given the number of interactions between different planning and scheduling decisions that take place in a local context. In this work we examine the question of performance and coherence of different production control procedures and we focus on strategies aimed at reducing the length of manufacturing lead-time and increasing due date reliability. This research relies on a specific planning and scheduling approach called the + dynamic anticipation approach ; (daa). This approach consists of a hierarchical two stage decomposition of the planning/scheduling process : the planing stage uses a combined pert/mrp procedure and shop floor control is achieved using a dynamic scheduling rule based on the floats derived at the planing stage. Simulation experiments showed the performance of the daa and it's superiority over other classical production control policies. The high performance of the daa is mostly related to the coherence that it achieves between planing and scheduling decisions. In practical situations however, this coherence is very hard to insure because a lot of unplanned events occur and local actors, faced to short term considerations, always take decisions that may lead to incoherence with global medium term choices. Accelerating or delaying released orders and scheduling the work in process with respect to local performance criteria are the most classical examples of such decisions. So, we pursued the study of the daa taking into account these two situations. On the other hand, we proposed a new evaluation of the performance of different production control approaches that considers economical aspects such as work in process and late penalties costs. These investigations showed the necessity to develop new approaches to control complex production systems and it allowed us to explain the dynamic behavior of production systems
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Samuelsson, Linda. "Methods for the Synthesis of PET Tracers and NMR Studies of Ribonuclease A." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5932.
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Kågedal, Matts. "Nonlinear Mixed Effects Methods for Improved Estimation of Receptor Occupancy in PET Studies." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för farmaceutisk biovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-222498.
Full textAbstract:
Receptor occupancy assessed by Positron Emission Tomography (PET) can provide important translational information to help bridge information from one drug to another or from animal to man. The aim of this thesis was to develop nonlinear mixed effects methods for estimation of the relationship between drug exposure and receptor occupancy for the two mGluR5 antagonists AZD9272 and AZD2066 and for the 5HT1B receptor antagonist AZD3783. Also the optimal design for improved estimation of the relationship between drug exposure and receptor occupancy as well as for improved dose finding in neuropathic pain treatment, was investigated. Different modeling approaches were applied. For AZD9272, the radioligand kinetics and receptor occupancy was simultaneously estimated using arterial concentrations as input function and including two brain regions of interest. For AZD2066, a model was developed where brain/plasma partition coefficients from ten different brain regions were included simultaneously as observations. For AZD3783, the simplified reference tissue model was extended to allow different non-specific binding in the reference region and brain regions of interest and the possibility of using white matter as reference was also evaluated. The optimal dose-selection for improved precision of receptor occupancy as well as for improved precision of the minimum effective dose of a neuropathic pain treatment was assessed, using the D-optimal as well as the Ds-optimal criteria. Simultaneous modelling of radioligand and occupancy provided a means to avoid simplifications or approximations and provided the possibility to tests or to relax assumptions. Inclusion of several brain regions of different receptor density simultaneously in the analysis, markedly improved the precision of the affinity parameter. Higher precision was achieved in relevant parameters with designs based on the Ds compared to the D-optimal criterion. The optimal design for improved precision of the relationship between dose and receptor occupancy depended on the number of brain regions and the receptor density of these regions. In conclusion, this thesis presents novel non-linear mixed effects models estimating the relationship between drug exposure and receptor occupancy, providing useful translational information, allowing for a better informed drug-development.
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Labde, Rohan Khushal. "Preparation and Characterization of Polyethylene Terephthalate/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites by In-situ Polymerization Method." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1271126238.
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