Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Méthode de la décomposition de la dimension'
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Danwé, Raïdandi. "Une méthode simplifiée pour l'étude d'assemblage de structures." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993DENS0010.
Full textPréaux, Jean-Philippe. "Problème de conjugaison dans le groupe d'une 3-variété orientée vérifiant l'hypothèse de géométrisation de Thurston." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX11062.
Full textNeamatian, Monemi Rahimeh. "Fixed cardinality linear ordering problem, polyhedral studies and solution methods." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22516/document.
Full textLinear Ordering Problem (LOP) has receive significant attention in different areas of application, ranging from transportation and scheduling to economics and even archeology and mathematical psychology. It is classified as a NP-hard problem. Assume a complete weighted directed graph on V n , |V n |= n. A permutation of the elements of this finite set of vertices is a linear order. Now let p be a given fixed integer number, 0 ≤ p ≤ n. The p-Fixed Cardinality Linear Ordering Problem (FCLOP) is looking for a subset of vertices containing p nodes and a linear order on the nodes in S. Graphically, there exists exactly one directed arc between every pair of vertices in an LOP feasible solution, which is also a complete cycle-free digraph and the objective is to maximize the sum of the weights of all the arcs in a feasible solution. In the FCLOP, we are looking for a subset S ⊆ V n such that |S|= p and an LOP on these S nodes. Hence the objective is to find the best subset of the nodes and an LOP over these p nodes that maximize the sum of the weights of all the arcs in the solution. Graphically, a feasible solution of the FCLOP is a complete cycle-free digraph on S plus a set of n − p vertices that are not connected to any of the other vertices. There are several studies available in the literature focused on polyhedral aspects of the linear ordering problem as well as various exact and heuristic solution methods. The fixed cardinality linear ordering problem is presented for the first time in this PhD study, so as far as we know, there is no other study in the literature that has studied this problem. The linear ordering problem is already known as a NP-hard problem. However one sees that there exist many instances in the literature that can be solved by CPLEX in less than 10 seconds (when p = n), but once the cardinality number is limited to p (p < n), the instance is not anymore solvable due to the memory issue. We have studied the polytope corresponding to the FCLOP for different cardinality values. We have identified dimension of the polytope, proposed several classes of valid inequalities and showed that among these sets of valid inequalities, some of them are defining facets for the FCLOP polytope for different cardinality values. We have then introduced a Relax-and-Cut algorithm based on these results to solve instances of the FCLOP. To solve the instances of the problem, in the beginning, we have applied the Lagrangian relaxation algorithm. We have studied different relaxation strategies and compared the dual bound obtained from each case to detect the most suitable subproblem. Numerical results show that some of the relaxation strategies result better dual bound and some other contribute more in reducing the computational time and provide a relatively good dual bound in a shorter time. We have also implemented a Lagrangian decomposition algorithm, decom-6 posing the FCLOP model to three subproblems (instead of only two subproblems). The interest of decomposing the FCLOP model to three subproblems comes mostly from the nature of the three subproblems, which are relatively quite easier to solve compared to the initial FCLOP model. Numerical results show a significant improvement in the quality of dual bounds for several instances. We could also obtain relatively quite better dual bounds in a shorter time comparing to the other relaxation strategies. We have proposed a cutting plane algorithm based on the pure relaxation strategy. In this algorithm, we firstly relax a subset of constraints that due to the problem structure, a very few number of them are active. Then in the course of the branch-and-bound tree we verify if there exist any violated constraint among the relaxed constraints or. Then the characterized violated constraints will be globally added to the model. (...)
Riahi, Hassen. "Analyse de structures à dimension stochastique élevée : application aux toitures bois sous sollicitation sismique." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00881187.
Full textThirion, Bertrand. "Analyse de données d' IRM fonctionnelle : statistiques, information et dynamique." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00457460.
Full textTayachi, Manel. "Couplage de modèles de dimensions hétérogènes et application en hydrodynamique." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENM031/document.
Full textThe work presented here focuses on electrodes made of silicon, a promising material to replace graphite as an anode active material for Li-ion Batteries (LIBs). The first part of the manuscript is dedicated to the study of silicon (de)lithiation mechanisms by Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES). By using this technique of surface characterization, which allows investigating individual particles in their electrode environment, our results show that the first silicon lithiation occurs through a two-phase region mechanism cr-Si / a-Li3,1Si, whereas the following (de)lithiation steps are solid solution type process. Upon (de)alloying with lithium, silicon particles undergo huge volume variations leading to a quick capacity fading. By combining several techniques of characterization, the failure mechanisms of a silicon electrode are studied during aging. In particular, by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and mercury porosimetry analyses, an impressive dynamic upon cycling of the electrode porosity is shown. A model, which mainly attributes the capacity fading to the Solid Electrolyte Interphase instability at the silicon particles surface, is proposed. To try to stabilize this passivation layer and thus improve silicon electrodes electrochemical performances, the influence of two parameters is studied: the electrolyte and the “lithiation domain” of silicon; the latter is associated with the evolution of the active material composition upon cycling. Finally, by using these last results, promising performances are obtained for silicon electrode containing LIBs
Zepeda, Salvatierra Joaquin. "Nouvelles méthodes de représentations parcimonieuses ; application à la compression et l'indexation d'images." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00567851.
Full textKamel, Slimani. "Estimation a posteriori et méthode de décomposition de domaine." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0025.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to numerical analysis in particular a postoriori estimates of the error in the method of asymptotic partial domain decomposition. There are problems in linear elliptic partial and semi-linear with a source which depends only of one variable in a portion of domain. Method of Asymptotic Partial Decomposition of a Domain (MAPDD) originates from the works of Grigori.Panasonko [12, 13]. The idea is to replace an original 3D or 2D problem by a hybrid one 3D − 1D; or 2D − 1D, where the dimension of the problem decreases in part of domain. Effective solution methods for the resulting hybrid problem have recently become available for several systems (linear/nonlinear, fluid/solid, etc.) which allow for each subproblem to be computed with an independent black-box code [21, 17, 18]. The location of the junction between the heterogeneous problems is asymptotically estimated in the works of Panasenko [12]. MAPDD has been designed for handling problems where a small parameter appears, and provides a series expansion of the solution with solutions of simplified problems with respect to this small parameter. In the problem considered in chapter 3 and 4, no small parameter exists, but due to geometrical considerations concerning the domain Ω it is assumed that the solution does not differ very much from a function which depends only on one variable in a part of the domain. The MAPDD theory is not suited for such a context, but if this theory is applied formally it does not provide any error estimate. The a posteriori error estimate proved in this chapter 3 and 4, is able to measure the discrepancy between the exact solution and the hybrid solution which corresponds to the zero-order term in the series expansion with respect to a small parameter when it exists. Numerically, independently of the existence of an asymptotical estimate of the location of the junction, it is essential to detect with accuracy the location of the junction. Let us also mention the interest of locating with accuracy the position of the junction in blood flows simulations [23]. Here in this chapter 3,4 the method proposed is to determine the location of the junction (i.e. the location of the boundary Γ in the example treated) by using optimization techniques. First it is shown that MAPDD can be expressed with a mixed domain decomposition formulation (as in [22]) in two different ways. Then it is proposed to use an a posteriori error estimate for locating the best position of the junction. A posteriori error estimates have been extensively used in optimization problems, the reader is referred to, e.g. [1, 11]
Xing, Feng. "Méthode de décomposition de domaines pour l’équation de Schrödinger." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10127/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the development and implementation of domain decomposition methods (DD) for the linear or non-linear Schrödinger equations in one or two dimensions. In the first part, we focus on the Schwarz waveform relaxation method (SWR) for the one dimensional Schrödinger equation. In the case the potential is linear and time-independent, we propose a new algorithm that is scalable and allows a significant reduction of computation time compared with the classical algorithm. For a general potential, we use a linear operator previously defined as a preconditioner. This ensures high scalability. We also generalize the work of Halpern and Szeftel on transmission condition. We use the absorbing boundary conditions recently constructed by Antoine, Besse and Klein as the transmission condition. We also adapt the codes developed originally on Cpus to the Gpu. The second part concerns with the methods DD for the Schrödinger equation in two dimensions. We generalize the new algorithm and the preconditioned algorithm proposed in the first part to the case of two dimensions. Furthermore, in Chapter 6, we generalize the work of Loisel on the optimized Schwarz method with cross points for the Laplace equation, which leads to the SWR method with cross points. In the last part, we apply the domain decomposition methods we studied to the simulation of Bose-Einstein condensate that could not only reduce the total computation time, but also realise the larger simulations
Fontvieille, Franck. "Décomposition Asymptotique et éléments finis." Lyon, INSA, 2004. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2004ISAL0029/these.pdf.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the numerical analysis and simulation by finite element of asymptotic decomposition problems. These are partial differential equation problems, an information about the behaviour of the solutions on a part of the domain is available. This information is used in order to improve the efficiency of numerical methods and is accounted for through the basis functions of the finite element method. It generates particular basis functions : "super-element functions". In a first and very short chapter, we introduce the MAPDD, Method of Asymptotic Partial Domain Decomposition. In a second and thord chapter, one apply and justify \textit{via} asymptotic expansion this strategy for a monodimensionnal singular perturbation problem arising in the shell theory and for Poisson equation on a thin domain. We propose a efficient finite element method which save numerous nodes. Optimal error estimates are given, the same order is obtain with a classical finite element method. In a fourth chapter, one interests in coupling piecewise monodimensionnal and bidimensionnal problems for Poisson equation. One disconnects the domains and glu then by the way of a Lagrange multiplier in a saddle-point problem. Error estimates are given for the finite element approximation of this problem. We show that this approache generalizes the method by "super-element". In a fifth prospective chapter, we deal with the numerical treatment of two problem of the litterature. An adhesive joint, and a transport problem in a least square formulation. We propose a 2D-1D modelisation
Armeanu, Ana Maria. "Simulation électromagnétique utilisant une méthode modale de décomposition en ondelettes." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00690418.
Full textArmeanu, Ana. "Simulation électromagnétique utilisant une méthode modale de décomposition en ondelettes." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00721767.
Full textLucet, Corinne. "Méthode de décomposition pour l'évaluation de la fiabilité des réseaux." Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMPD653.
Full textSlama, Jules. "Sur une méthode de décomposition d'un champ sonore aléatoire stationnaire." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX22029.
Full textGatinel, Damien. "Une nouvelle méthode de décomposition polynomiale d’un front d’onde oculaire." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV042/document.
Full textThe eye vision defaults are analyzed and classified by studyingthe corresponding eye wavefront. After presenting the orthogonal basis, called the Zernike basis, that is currently used for the medical diagnosis, a new decomposition basis is built. It is based on the use of the space of polynomials of valuation greater or equal to L+1 (for L a natural integer). It allows to uniquely decompose a polynomial wavefront into the sum of a polynomial of low degree (lesser or equal to L) and a polynomial of high valuation (greater or equal to L +1). By choosing L = 2, a new decomposition, called D2V3, is obtained where the polynomial wavefront of high degree does not include terms of radial degree lesser or equal to 2. In particular, it allows to quantify perfectly the aberrations that can be corrected by eyeglasses or not. Various clinical examples clearly show the interest of this new basis compared to a diagnosis based on the Zernike decomposition
Nodet, Maëlle. "Problèmes inverses pour l'environnement : outils, méthodes et applications." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00930102.
Full textDegbey, Octavien. "Optimisation statique hiérarchisée des systèmes de grandes dimensions : Application à l'équilibrage de bilans de mesures." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10158.
Full textManouvrier, Jean-François. "Méthode de décomposition pour résoudre des problèmes combinatoires sur les graphes." Compiègne, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998COMP1152.
Full textLissoni, Giulia. "Méthode DDFV : applications en mécanique des fluides et décomposition des domaines." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4060.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to study and develop numerical schemes of finite volume type for problems arising in fluid mechanics, namely Stokes and Navier-Stokes problems. The schemes we choosed are of discrete duality type, denoted by DDFV; this method works on staggered grids, where the velocity unknowns are located at the centers of control volumes and at the vertices of the mesh, and the pressure unknowns are on the edges of the mesh. This kind of construction has two main advantages: it allows to consider general meshes (that do not necessarily verify the classical ortogonality condition required by finite volume meshes) and to reconstruct and mimic at the discrete level the dual properties of the continuos differential operators. We start by the study of the discretization of Stokes problem with mixed boundary conditions of Dirichlet/Neumann type; the well-posed character of this problem is strictly relied to Inf-sup inequality, that has to be verified. In the DDFV setting, this inequality has been proven for particular meshes; we can avoid this hypothesis, by adding some stabilization terms in the equation of conservation of mass. In the first place, we study a stabilized scheme for Stokes problem in Laplace form, by showing its well-posedness, some error estimates and numerical tests. We study the same problem in divergence form, where the strain rate tensor replaces the gradient; here, we suppose that the Inf-sup inequality is verified, and we design a well-posed scheme followed by some numerical tests. We consider then the incompressible Navier-Stokes problem. At first, we study this problem coupled with « open » boundary conditions on the outflow; this kind of conditions arises when an artificial boundary is introduced, to save computational ressources or for physical reasons. We write a well-posed scheme and some energy estimates, validated by numerical simulations. Secondly, we address the domain decomposition method without overlap for the incompressible Navier-Stokes problem, by writing a Schwarz algorithm. We discretize the problem with a semi-implicit Euler scheme in time, and at each time iteration we apply Schwarz algorithm to the resulting linear system. We show the convergence of this algorithm and we end by some numerical experiments. This thesis ends with a last chapter concerning the work done during CEMRACS 2019, where the goal is to extend DPIR (a recent technique for interface reconstruction between two materials) to the case of curved interfaces and of three materials. Some numerical simulations show the results
Montgolfier, Fabien de. "Décomposition modulaire des graphes : théorie, extensions et algorithmes." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20088.
Full textLiess, Olivier. "Méthodes de décomposition non standard et applications." Avignon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AVIG0145.
Full textParfenoff, Igor. "Couplage maximum et décomposition dans les graphes." Orléans, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ORLE2058.
Full textBoubendir, Yassine. "Techniques de décomposition de domaine et méthodes d'équations intégrales." Toulouse, INSA, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ISAT0014.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to develop a non-overlapping domain decomposition method of integral equations for solving scattering harmonic wave problems by perfectly conducting obstacle covered by a dielectric layer. This class of methods was introduced by P. -L. Lions and B. Després and allows us to decrease the size of the discrete problems and improve their condition numbers. We have improved the convergence of the domain decomposition algorithm by introducing the evanescent part of the error. In non-homogeneous dielectric device cases, standard solutions use completely coupled BEM-FEM techniques. The method proposed in this work uncouples the two solutions procedures. One drawback of the domain decomposition method when discretization is performed with nodal finite element, is to define the transmission conditions at the level of the cross points. Theoretical convergence results are only known for discrete mixed finite elements. We have clarified the reason for wich these methods avoid the cross points problem by proving that they are equivalent to a non-conformal scheme. However, these methods are more complex and remain more computationally expensive than nodal finite elements aproaches. We have developed a method that considers the cross points in the case of nodal finite elements. This method allows us to develop a discrete domain decomposition method that is exactly an iterative solution of the initial problem. We have proven the theoretical convergence of this algorithm and have shown on particular cases that the rate of convergence is independent of the mesh
Nagih, Anass. "Sur la résolution des programmes fractionnaires en variables 0-1." Paris 13, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA132021.
Full textLimouzy, Vincent. "Sur quelques généralisations polynomiales de la décomposition modulaire." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077200.
Full textModular decomposition is a graph decomposition extensively studied since its introduction in 67 by Gailai. This decomposition appears to be a powerful tool from both theoretical and algorithmic point of view. In this thesis we will deal with both of them. We present two generalizations of modular decomposition and we Systematize the use of a well known algorithmic technique, partition refinement, to solve the probtem raised by these generalizations. The thesis is divided into two parts, The first par is dedicated to the introduction and the study of the generalizations of modular decomposition. To do so, we introduce a new discrete structure» "homogeneous relations" which abstract the notion of neighbourhood to conserve only the essential notion of distinction. We study combinatorics properties of modular decomposition on this structure and we provide efficient algorithms to compute this decomposition. We then introduce a new decomposition, the "umodular" decomposition. It is to consider the dual point of view from modular decomposition. The second part presents algorithms to solve the following problems. The first problem is, given a family of subsets of a finite set, find efficiently the overlap components of this family. We present an algorithm due to Dahlhaus, and we simplify its approach, by replacing a complex and tedious algorithmic technique using partition refinement. Algorithms obtained are linear. The second problem is to recognize graph of NLC width 2. We present a S0(n ^2m)S algorithm and we provide a technique to test in the same complexity isomorphism of NLC-2 graphs
Guetat, Rim. "Méthode de parallélisation en temps : application aux méthodes de décomposition de domaine." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066629.
Full textDurvye, Clémence. "Algorithmes pour la décomposition primaire des idéaux polynomiaux de dimension nulle donnés en évaluation." Phd thesis, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00275219.
Full textDans cette thèse, nous donnons une présentation concise de ce dernier algorithme, ainsi qu'une preuve autonome de son bon fonctionnement. Toutes nos démonstrations sont intimement liées aux algorithmes, et ont pour conséquence des résultats classiques en géométrie algébrique, comme un théorème de Bézout. Au delà de leur intérêt pédagogique, ces preuves permettent de lever certaines hypothèses de régularité, et donc d'étendre l'algorithme au calcul des multiplicités sans coût supplémentaire.
Ensuite, nous présentons un algorithme de décomposition primaire pour les idéaux de polynômes de dimension nulle. Nous en donnerons également une étude de complexité précise, complexité qui est polynomiale en le nombre de variables, en le coût dévaluation du système, et en un nombre de Bézout.
Japhet, Caroline. "Méthode de décomposition de domaine et conditions aux limites artificielles en mécanique des fluides: méthode Optimisée d'Orde 2." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00558701.
Full textMachui, Jürgen. "Simulation magnétostatique de têtes magnétiques en 3D par décomposition du domaine." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112055.
Full textThis work concerns the simulation of planar magnetic recording heads in the context of its industrial development. Finite elements and reduced potential are used for the 3D calculation of the magnetostatic problem. The particular difficulty of magnetic recording heads lies in the enormous difference in scale between the gap and the whole head. We resolve this difficulty using an iteratif algorithm for domain decomposition for symmetrical heads that converges very rapidly. The non-linear saturation problem can be resolved using the Newton-Raphson method. Our decomposition algorithm is equally efficient for this kind of problem
Japhet, Caroline. "Méthode de décomposition de domaine et conditions aux limites artificielles en mécanique des fluides : méthode optimisée d'ordre 2 (002)." Paris 13, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA132044.
Full textLathuilière, Bruno. "Méthode de décomposition de domaine pour les équations du transport simplifié en neutronique." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00468154.
Full textBencteux, Guy. "Amélioration d'une méthode de décomposition de domaine pour le calcul de structures électroniques." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00391801.
Full textGilles, Jérôme. "Décomposition et détection de structures géométriques en imagerie." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00089549.
Full textAprès une étude théorique de ces approches, nous proposons une extension au cas des images bruitées nous permettant d'obtenir alors une décomposition en trois composantes: structures + textures + bruit.
Par ailleurs, nous proposons une méthode spécifique en vue d'évaluer les résultats obtenus à partir des différents alggorithmes.
Enfin, nous présentons quelques applications des ces méthodes de décomposition d'image, notamment un algorithme de détection de réseaux routiers en imagerie aérienne ou satellitaire. Cet algorithme combine décomposition d'image, détection d'alignements par la théorie de la Gestalt et modèle déformable.
Ayvazyan, Vigen. "Etude de champs de température séparables avec une double décomposition en valeurs singulières : quelques applications à la caractérisation des propriétés thermophysiques des matérieux et au contrôle non destructif." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14671/document.
Full textInfrared thermography is a widely used method for characterization of thermophysical properties of materials. The advent of the laser diodes, which are handy, inexpensive, with a broad spectrum of characteristics, extend metrological possibilities of infrared cameras and provide a combination of new powerful tools for thermal characterization and non destructive evaluation. However, this new dynamic has also brought numerous difficulties that must be overcome, such as high volume noisy data processing and low sensitivity to estimated parameters of such data. This requires revisiting the existing methods of signal processing, adopting new sophisticated mathematical tools for data compression and processing of relevant information.New strategies consist in using orthogonal transforms of the signal as a prior data compression tools, which allow noise reduction and control over it. Correlation analysis, based on the local cerrelation study between partial derivatives of the experimental signal, completes these new strategies. A theoretical analogy in Fourier space has been performed in order to better understand the «physical» meaning of modal approaches.The response to the instantaneous point source of heat, has been revisited both numerically and experimentally. By using separable temperature fields, a new inversion technique based on a double singular value decomposition of experimental signal has been introduced. In comparison with previous methods, it takes into account two or three-dimensional heat diffusion and therefore offers a better exploitation of the spatial content of infrared images. Numerical and experimental examples have allowed us to validate in the first approach our new estimation method of longitudinal thermal diffusivities. Non destructive testing applications based on the new technique have also been introduced.An old issue, which consists in determining the initial temperature field from noisy data, has been approached in a new light. The necessity to know the thermal diffusivities of an orthotropic medium and the need to take into account often three-dimensional heat transfer, are complicated issues. The implementation of the double singular value decomposition allowed us to achieve interesting results according to its ease of use. Indeed, modal approaches are statistical methods based on high volume data processing, supposedly robust as to the measurement noise
Agouzal, Abdellatif. "Analyse numérique de méthodes de décomposition de domaines : Méthodes de domaines fictifs avec multiplicateurs de Lagrange." Pau, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PAUUA002.
Full textDelhom, Bruno. "Méthode de modélisation de structures bipériodiques de dimension finie à l'aide de la méthode des éléments finis." Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MARN0278.
Full textBiperiodic structures are materials having selectivity properties in frequency, polarization and incidence direction. These structures are periodic arrangements of dielectric and metallic parts. The insertion of active components leads to interesting flexible structures, whose frequency selectivity can be electronically adjusted. Wo modelling methods based on the finite elements method using edge elements are developed. The first one permits the study of infinite biperiodic structures, and presents the numerical advantage to restrict the simulated volume to a single cell. The second one is suited to the modelling of biperiodic structures that are finite in one periodicity direction. This method permits us to show and evaluate the influence of the edge effects due to the finiteness. Owever, only finite structures of a small number of periods can be simulated in this way. Physical structures generally composed of several tens of periods are too large to be studied by this approach. Therefore, a third method is developed. We notice that the approximation of the infinite structure is reasonable for elements far out the edges. Therefore our method of modelling infinite arrays is used to determine the fields round central elements, whereas the fields at the edges are given by modelling a small array. Ur modelling methods are used to show the effect of the finiteness on the frequency and angular characteristics of a reflector, and the advantage of taking the finiteness into account. He insertion of an active element, a diode PIN, is taken into account rigorously in the simulation, in order to simulate electrically adjustable structures. Dielectric structure with periodic metallization is simulated, fabricated and measured. A good agreement between simulation and measurements validates our approach. Using our simulation tool, an infrared photodetector is studied and optimised
Ait-Mansour, Rachid. "Décomposition de domaine et analyse asymptotique appliquée en combustion." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10197.
Full textNaceur, Nahed. "Une méthode de décomposition de domaine pour la résolution numérique d’une équation non-linéaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0149.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is to present a theoretical analysis and a numerical resolution of a type of quasi-linear elliptic and parabolic equations. These equations present an important role to model phenomena in population dynamics and chemical reactions. We started this thesis with the theoretical study of a quasi-linear elliptical equation for which we demonstrated the existence of a weak non-negative solution under more general hypotheses than those considered in previous works. Then we inspired a new method based on Newton’s method and the domain decomposition method without and with overlapping. Then, we recalled some theoretical aspects concerning the existence, the uniqueness and the regularity of the solution of a parabolic equation called Fujita equation. We also recalled results about the existence of the global solution and the maximum time of existence in the case of blow-up. In order to calculate a numerical approximation of the solution of this type of equation, we introduced a finite element discretization in the space variable and a Crank-Nicholson scheme for the time discretization. To solve the discrete nonlinear problem we implemented a Newton’s method coupled with a domain decomposition method. We have shown that the method is well posed. Another type of parabolic equation known as the Chipot-Weissler equation has also been treated. First, we recalled theoretical results concerning this equation. Then, based on the numerical methods studied previously, a numerical approximation of the solution of this equation was calculated. In the last section of each chapter of this thesis we presented numerical simulations illustrating the performance of the algorithms studied and its compatibility with the theory
Oumaziz, Paul. "Une méthode de décomposition de domaine mixte non-intrusive pour le calcul parallèle d’assemblages." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLN030/document.
Full textAbstract : Assemblies are critical elements for industrial structures. Strong non-linearities such as frictional contact, as well as poorly controlled preloads make complex all accurate sizing. Present in large numbers on industrial structures (a few million for an A380), this involves managing numerical problems of very large size. The numerous interfaces of frictional contact are sources of difficulties of convergence for the numerical simulations. It is therefore necessary to use robust but also reliable methods. The use of iterative methods based on domain decomposition allows to manage extremely large numerical models. This needs to be coupled with adaptedtechniques in order to take into account the nonlinearities of contact at the interfaces between subdomains. These methods of domain decomposition are still scarcely used in industries. Internal developments in finite element codes are often necessary, and thus restrain this transfer from the academic world to the industrial world.In this thesis, we propose a non-intrusive implementation of these methods of domain decomposition : that is, without development within the source code. In particular, we are interested in the Latin method whose philosophy is particularly adapted to nonlinear problems. It consists in decomposing the structure into sub-domains that are connected through interfaces. With the Latin method the non-linearities are solved separately from the linear differential aspects. Then the resolution is based on an iterative scheme with two search directions that make the global linear problems and the nonlinear local problems dialogue.During this thesis, a totally non-intrusive tool was developed in Code_Aster to solve assembly problems by a mixed domain decomposition technique. The difficulties posed by the mixed aspect of the Latin method are solved by the introduction of a non-local search direction. Robin conditions on the subdomain interfaces are taken into account simply without modifying the sources of Code_Aster. We proposed an algebraic rewriting of the multi-scale approach ensuring the extensibility of the method. We were also interested in coupling the Latin method in domain decomposition to a Krylov algorithm. Applied only to a substructured problem with perfect interfaces, this coupling accelerates the convergence. Preloaded structures with numerous contact interfaces have been processed. Simulations that could not be carried out by a direct computationwith Code_Aster were performed via this non-intrusive domain decomposition strategy
Alawieh, Hiba. "Fitting distances and dimension reduction methods with applications." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10018/document.
Full textIn various studies the number of variables can take high values which makes their analysis and visualization quite difficult. However, several statistical methods have been developed to reduce the complexity of these data, allowing a better comprehension of the knowledge available in these data. In this thesis, our aim is to propose two new methods of multivariate data analysis called: " Multidimensional Fitting" and "Projection under pairwise distance control". The first method is a derivative of multidimensional scaling method (MDS) whose the application requires the availability of two matrices describing the same population: a coordinate matrix and a distance matrix and the objective is to modify the coordinate matrix such that the distances calculated on the modified matrix are as close as possible to the distances observed on the distance matrix. Two extensions of this method have been extended: the first by penalizing the modification vectors of the coordinates and the second by taking into account the random effects that may occur during the modification. The second method is a new method of dimensionality reduction techniques based on the non-linearly projection of the points in a reduced space by taking into account the projection quality of each projected point taken individually in the reduced space. The projection of the points is done by introducing additional variables, called "radii", and indicate to which extent the projection of each point is accurate
Chniti, Chokri. "Version unifiée du traitement des singularités en décomposition de domaine." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001439.
Full textJobelin, Matthieu. "Méthodes de projection pour le calcul d'écoulements incompressibles et dilatables." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX22038.
Full textCroset, Patricia. "Décomposition dynamique et parallélisme multi-t^ache en analyse de structure." Toulouse, INPT, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPT033H.
Full textNgo, Minh Tuan. "Modélisation et optimisation des plans de feux : application de la méthode de décomposition de Benders." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066732.
Full textZeraidi, Bubakr. "Méthode de décomposition en sous-domaines, approximation par volumes finis et implémentation sur machines parallèles." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11064.
Full textTran, Minh Binh. "La méthode de décomposition de domaines de Schwarz pour les problèmes linéaires et non-linéaires." Paris 13, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA132018.
Full textThe Schwarz domain decomposition methods are procedures to parallelize and solve partial differential equations numerically, in which each iteration involves the solutions of the original equations on smaller subdomains. Together with the development of domain decomposition methods, a theory of convergence for the methods is really needed and many efforts have been made in this direction; however, the problem still remains open, even for classical methods. In the first part of the thesis, we introduce a new method to solve the convergence problem of Schwarz methods. Our method works for parabolic and elliptic equations, linear and non-linear. In the second part, we apply our method to study the primitive equations and the forward-backward stochastic differential equations, where a new four-step domain decomposition scheme is introduced, based on the four-step scheme of Ma, Protter and Young. Optimized Schwar methods is a new class of Schwarz methods, which converges much faster than the classical ones, thanks to the improvement of the transmission conditions. In the third part of this thesis, we study this class of algorithms with Robin and second order transmission conditions for heat equation in 1 and 2 dimensions
Bras, Jérôme. "Méthode des éléments finis et décomposition de domaines : Application à l'étude de l'interaction électromagnétique onde-composant." Limoges, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIMO0064.
Full textThe current utilization of electronic devices in the majority of our systems impose to take into account the parasiting couplings created by electromagnetic (EM) interactions. It is in this point of view which this work was built in order to characterize the interaction between an electromagnetic wave and an active component, which is represented here by a HP07 Field Effect Transistor (FET) of UMS. This study is based on the application of an hybrid method. This method combines a 3D electromagnetic simulation, which employs a Finite Element Method (FEM) in the frequency domain, and a classical circuit one. As the electromagnetic illumination of the FET is a "back door" one, this FET is included in a partially opened metallic cavity : the NATO cylinder. The heterogeneity between the cylinder dimensions and the FET ones and the complexity of the apertures have imposed the implementation of another electromagnetic excitation in the IRCOM software to optimize the decomposition domain method
El, Bachari Rachid. "Contribution à l'étude des algorithmes proximaux : décomposition et perturbation variationnelle." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES026.
Full textFolégot, Thomas. "Détection par décomposition de l'opérateur retournement temporel en acoustique sous-marine petits fonds." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077044.
Full textKosior, Francis. "Méthode de décomposition par sous-domaines et intégrales de frontières application à l'étude du contact entre deux solides déformables." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1997_KOSIOR_F.pdf.
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