Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Méthode du point intérieur'
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Kallel, Emna. "Une synthèse sur les méthodes du point intérieur." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ35688.pdf.
Full textDjellali, Assia. "Optimisation technico-économique d'un réseau d'énergie électrique dans un environnement dérégulé." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112211.
Full textThe electric utility industry is undergoing a process of liberalization and deregulation. In this context new difficulties are occurring in the field of transmission network management and optimization. In addition to the classical difficulties encountered in a monopolistic context such as the nature of the network constraints, the considerable size of the problem to be solved and the nonlinearity of the network equations, the optimization procedure has to take into account the new constraints, which are related to the deregulation of the electrical energy market. The nature of this problem requires mathematical models, which allow us the optimization of a nonlinear criterion being subject to nonlinear constraints. In this thesis we investigate two different methods in order to determine on the one hand the difficulties related to the resolution of a nonlinear optimization problem and on the other hand the difficulties related to the network operation in a deregulated environment. The first method is the so-called Newton-Lagrange method, which is applied to a simplified 5-buses network in a monopolistic context in order to achieve a technico-economical optimization. The optimization goal is the determination of the optimal power generation of each power producer to ensure the security of the system operation and to minimize the system operation costs. Even though convergence time can be considerable due to the inequality constraints, the method provides satisfactory results and will be used as a basis in the second part. A second optimization tool is developed, which is based on the primal-dual interior point method. It is applied to a 12-buses test network in order to investigate and to resolve the difficulties related to a competitive environment such as congestion and energy lasses management, the control of generation deviations and the impact of the occurrence of new independent power producers in an established network. An important advantage of this method is the capacity to treat the inequality constraints in an easy way. The reliable and robust optimization tool provides very satisfactory results
Hadjou, Tayeb. "Analyse numérique des méthodes de points intérieurs : simulations et applications." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES062.
Full textKeraghel, Abdelkrim. "Étude adaptative et comparative des principales variantes dans l'algorithme de Karmarkar." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1989. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00332749.
Full textZerari, Amina. "Méthodes de points intérieurs et leurs applications sur des problèmes d'optimisation semi-définis." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMLH24.
Full textInterior point methods are well known as the most efficient to solve optimization problems. These methods have a polynomial convergence and good behavior. In this research, we are interested in a theoretical, numerical and an algorithmic study of interior-point methods for semidefinite programming.Indeed, we present in a first part, a primal-dual projective interior point algorithm of polynomial type with two phases, where we introduced three new effective alternatives for computing the displacement step.Then, in the second part, we are interested in a primal-dual central trajectory method via a kernel function, we proposed two new kernel functions with a logarithmic term that give the best-known complexity results
Bornschlegell, Augusto Salomao. "Optimisation aérothermique d'un alternateur à pôles saillants pour la production d'énergie électrique décentralisée." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VALE0023/document.
Full textThis work relates the thermal optimization of an electrical machine. The lumped method is used to simulate the temperature field. This model solves the heat equation in three dimensions, in cylindrical coordinates and in transient or steady state. We consider two transport mechanisms: conduction and convection. The evaluation of this model is performed by means of 13 design variables that correspond to the main flow rates of the equipment. We analyse the machine cooling performance by varying these 13 flow rates. Before starting the study of such a complicated geometry, we picked a simpler case in order to better understand the variety of the available optimization tools. The experience obtained in the simpler case is applyed in the resolution of the thermal optimization problem of the electrical machine. This machine is evaluated from the thermal point of view by combining two criteria : the maximum and the mean temperature. Constraints are used to keep the problem consistent. We solved the problem using the gradient based methods (Active-set and Interior-Point) and the Genetic Algorithms
Bronschlegell, Augusto. "Optimisation aérothermique d'un alternateur à pôles saillants pour la production d'énergie électrique décentralisée." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00768249.
Full textSEGALAT, Philippe. "Méthodes de Points Intérieurs et de quasi-Newton." Phd thesis, Université de Limoges, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005478.
Full textOrban, Dominique. "Méthodes de points intérieurs pour l'optimisation non-linéaire." Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPT012H.
Full textSegalat, Philippe. "Méthodes de points intérieurs et de quasi-Newton." Limoges, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIMO0041.
Full textThis thesis is interested in interior point and quasi-Newton methods in nonlinear optimization and with their implementation. One presents the code NOPTIQ using the limited memory BFGS formulas to solve large scale problems. The originality of this approach is the use of these formulas within the framework of interior point methods. The storage requirement and the computing cost of one iteration are then low. One shows that NOPTIQ is robust and that its performance are comparable with the reference codes 1-BFGS-B and LANCELOT. One presents also an infeasible algorithm using the preceding methods to solve a nonlinear problem with inequality constraints and linear equality constraints. The idea to penalize the problem using shift variables and a variant of the big-M method of linear programming. The q-superlinear convergence of the inner iterates and the global convergence of outer iterates are shown
Tran, Ngoc Nguyen. "Infeasibility detection and regularization strategies in nonlinear optimization." Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0059/document.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study of numerical algorithms for nonlinear optimization. On the one hand, we propose new strategies for the rapid infeasibility detection. On the other hand, we analyze the local behavior of primal-dual algorithms for the solution of singular problems. In the first part, we present a modification of an augmented Lagrangian algorithm for equality constrained optimization. The quadratic convergence of the new algorithm in the infeasible case is theoretically and numerically demonstrated. The second part is dedicated to extending the previous result to the solution of general nonlinear optimization problems with equality and inequality constraints. We propose a modification of a mixed logarithmic barrier-augmented Lagrangian algorithm. The theoretical convergence results and the numerical experiments show the advantage of the new algorithm for the infeasibility detection. In the third part, we study the local behavior of a primal-dual interior point algorithm for bound constrained optimization. The local analysis is done without the standard assumption of the second-order sufficient optimality conditions. These conditions are replaced by a weaker assumption based on a local error bound condition. We propose a regularization technique of the Jacobian matrix of the optimality system. We then demonstrate some boundedness properties of the inverse of these regularized matrices, which allow us to prove the superlinear convergence of our algorithm. The last part is devoted to the local convergence analysis of the primal-dual algorithm used in the first two parts of this thesis. In practice, it has been observed that this algorithm converges rapidly even in the case where the constraints do not satisfy the Mangasarian-Fromovitz constraint qualification. We demonstrate the superlinear and quadratic convergence of this algorithm without any assumption of constraint qualification
Vu, Duc Thach Son. "Numerical resolution of algebraic systems with complementarity conditions : Application to the thermodynamics of compositional multiphase mixtures." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASG006.
Full textIn reservoir simulators, it is usually delicate to take into account the laws of thermodynamic equilibrium for multiphase hydrocarbon mixtures. The difficulty lies in handling the appearance and disappearance of phases for different species. The traditional dynamic approach, known as variable switching, consists in considering only the unknowns and equations of the present phases. It is cumbersome and costly, insofar as "switching" occurs constantly, even from one Newton iteration to another.An alternative approach, called unified formulation, allows a fixed set of unknowns and equations to be maintained during the calculations. From a theoretical point of view, this is an major advance. On the practical level, because of the nonsmoothness of the complementarity equations involved in the new formulation, the discretized equations have to be solved by the semi-smooth Newton-min method, whose behavior is often pathological.In order to fully exploit the interest of the unified approach, this thesis aims at circumventing this numerical obstacle by means of more robust resolution algorithms, with a better convergence. To this end, we draw inspiration from the methods that have proven their worth in constrained optimization and we try to transpose them to general systems. This gives rise to interior-point methods, of which we propose a nonparametric version called NPIPM. The results appear to be superior to those of Newton-min.Another contribution of this doctoral work is the understanding and (partial) resolution of another obstruction to the proper functioning of the unified formulation, hitherto unidentified in the literature. This is the limitation of the domain of definition of Gibbs' functions associated with cubic equations of state. To remedy the possible non-existence of a system solution, we advocate a natural extension of Gibbs' functions
Kebbiche, Zakia. "Étude et extensions d'algorithmes de points intérieurs pour la programmation non linéaire." Le Havre, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LEHA0014.
Full textIn this thesis, we present an algorithmically and numerical study concerning the central path method for linear complementarity problem wich is considered as an unifying framework of linear and quadratic programming. Then, we propose two intersting variants namely the central path and the projective with linearization methods for minimizing a convex differentiable function on a polyhedral set. The algorithms are well defined and the corresponding theoretical results are established
Roumili, Hayet. "Méthodes de points intérieurs non réalisables en optimisation : théorie, algorithmes et applications." Le Havre, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LEHA0013.
Full textIn this study, we are interested to the initialization problem for central path following interior point methods, taking Y. Zhang's work for the linear programming (LP) as bench-mark. After, we make use of an appropriate algorithm for linear programming, we propose an extension for the quadratic convex programming as well semidefinite programming
Bouhtou, Mustapha. "Méthodes de points intérieurs pour l'optimisation des systèmes de grande taille." Paris 9, 1993. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1993PA090061.
Full textBouafia, Mousaab. "Étude asymptotique des méthodes de points intérieurs pour la programmation linéaire." Thesis, Le Havre, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEHA0019/document.
Full textIn this research, we are interested by asymptotic study of interior point methods for linear programming. By basing itself on the works of Schrijver and Padberg, we propose two new displacement steps to accelerate the convergence of Karmarkar's algorithm and reduce its algorithmic complexity. The first step is a moderate improvement of the behaviour of this algorithm; the second represents the best fixed displacement step obtained actually. We propose two parameterized approaches of the central trajectory algorithm via a kernel function. The first function generalizes the kernel function given by Y. Q. Bai et al., the second is the first trigonometric kernel function that gives the best algorithmic complexity, obtained until now. These proposals have made new contributions of algorithmic, theoretical and numerical order
Kadiri, Abderrahim. "Analyse des méthodes des points intérieurs pour les problèmes de complémentarité linéaire et la programmation quadratique convexe." INSA de Rouen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ISAM0008.
Full textOuriemchi, Mohammed. "Résolution de problèmes non linéaires par les méthodes de points intérieurs : théorie et algorithmes." Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011376.
Full textDans cette thèse, nous avons utilisé une fonction barrière logarithmique. A chaque itération externe, la technique SQP se charge de produire une série de sous-problèmes quadratiques dont les solutions forment une suite, dite interne, de directions de descente pour résoudre le problème non linéaire pénalisé.
Nous avons introduit un changement de variable sur le pas de déplacement ce qui a permis d'obtenir des conditions d'optimalité plus stable numériquement.
Nous avons réalisé des simulations numériques pour comparer les performances de la méthode des gradients conjugués à celle de la méthode D.C., appliquées pour résoudre des problèmes quadratiques de région de confiance.
Nous avons adapté la méthode D.C. pour résoudre les sous-problèmes verticaux, ce qui nous a permis de ramener leurs dimensions de $n+m$ à $m+p$ ($ p < n $).
L'évolution de l'algorithme est contrôlée par la fonction de mérite. Des tests numériques permettent de comparer les avantages de différentes formes de la fonction de mérite. Nous avons introduit de nouvelles règles pour améliorer cette évolution.
Les expériences numériques montrent un gain concernant le nombre de problèmes résolus. L'étude de la convergence de notre méthode SDC, clôt ce travail.
Veiga, Géraldo. "Sur l'implantation des méthodes de points intérieurs pour la programmation linéaire : Texte imprimé." Paris 13, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA132010.
Full textSeguin, Jean-Philippe. "Simulation thermomécanique de structures en alliages à mémoire de forme par la méthode des points intérieurs." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010VERS0016.
Full textShape Memory Alloys (SMA) are materials on which mechanical behaviour depends of thermal solicitation. Thermomechanical coupling in models is necessary to understand better this kind of material. PhD thesis is concerned with the development of numerical tools for simulating thermomechanical evolutions of 3D SMA structures. In the approach that is presented, a crucial point consists in reformulating the incremental problem as a linear complementarity problem. This allows one to take advantage of interior point algorithms for solving the discretized evolutionary equations. Tests simulations with fixed temperature allowed to validate this approach. At least, others simulations have been made to study the influence of the thermomechanical coupling on the structural response
Halard, Matthieu. "Méthodes du second ordre pour la conception optimale en élasticité non-linéaire." Paris 9, 1999. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1999PA090029.
Full textAkoa, François Bertrand. "Approches de points intérieurs et de la programmation DC en optimisation non convexe. Codes et simulations numériques industrielles." Rouen, INSA, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ISARA001.
Full textMalisani, Paul. "Pilotage dynamique de l'énergie du bâtiment par commande optimale sous contraintes utilisant la pénalisation intérieure." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00740044.
Full textDavy, Guillaume. "Génération de codes et d'annotations prouvables d'algorithmes de points intérieurs à destination de systèmes embarqués critiques." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESAE0034/document.
Full textIn the industry, the use of optimization is ubiquitous. Optimization consists of calculating the best solution subject to a number of constraints. However, this calculation is complex,long and not always reliable. This is why this task has long been confined to the design stages,which allowed time to do the computation and then check that the solution is correct and if necessary redo the computation. In recent years, thanks to the ever-increasing power of computers, the industry has begun to integrate optimization computation at the heart of the systems. That is to say that optimization computation is carried out continuously within the system, sometimes dozens of times per second. Therefore, it is impossible to check a posteriori the solution or restart a calculation. That is why it is important to check that the program optimization is perfectly correct and bug-free. The objective of this thesis was to develop tools and methods to meet this need. To do this we have used the theory of formal proof that is to consider a program as a mathematical object. This object takes input data and produces a result. We can then, under certain conditions on the inputs, prove that the result meets our requirements. Our job was to choose an optimization program and formally prove that the result of this program is correct
Jonsson, Xavier. "Méthodes de points intérieurs et de régions de confiance en optimisation non linéaire et application à la conception de verres ophtalmiques progressifs." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066191.
Full textTanoh, Germain. "Algorithmes du point intérieur pour l'optimisation en tomographie dynamique et en mécanique du contact." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30144.
Full textIn this thesis we propose some primal and primal-dual optimization methods with application in dynamic tomography and mechanical contact in the linear elasticity context. A primal-dual algorithm for an inverse problem in dynamic tomography is presented. This problem includes inequalities constraints because of the dynamic properties of the image. We solved it by using a trust region method adapted to ill behaved problems. Since the problem size is very large, we have used iterative techniques which need only a result of a matrix vector product. We have developed a Newton method based on a logarithmic penalty. We propose a new optimization method for contact problems in mechanical engineering. We study some properties of the penalized problem by logarithmic barrier function and show that its solution converges strongly. A variant based on the augmented Lagrangian is considered. The primal-dual approach uses a non smooth Newton technique applied to variational inequalities arising in contact problems. In the case of frictional contact problem, we have a non differentiable problem. Applying the duality theory to the contact conditions, we get a dual differentiable problem with quadratic and linear inequalities constraints. We propose a primal-dual Newton algorithm. It's specially oriented to the treatment of the quadratic constraints for a 3D problem. Our method can be view as an extension of the optimization techniques for the sum of Euclidean norm. Our study includes some numerical results
Kara-Terki, Chafik. "Une méthode de mise au point des circuits intégrés." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066113.
Full textCorbineau, Marie-Caroline. "Proximal and interior point optimization strategies in image recovery." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLC085/document.
Full textInverse problems in image processing can be solved by diverse techniques, such as classical variational methods, recent deep learning approaches, or Bayesian strategies. Although relying on different principles, these methods all require efficient optimization algorithms. The proximity operator appears as a crucial tool in many iterative solvers for nonsmooth optimization problems. In this thesis, we illustrate the versatility of proximal algorithms by incorporating them within each one of the aforementioned resolution methods.First, we consider a variational formulation including a set of constraints and a composite objective function. We present PIPA, a novel proximal interior point algorithm for solving the considered optimization problem. This algorithm includes variable metrics for acceleration purposes. We derive convergence guarantees for PIPA and show in numerical experiments that it compares favorably with state-of-the-art algorithms in two challenging image processing applications.In a second part, we investigate a neural network architecture called iRestNet, obtained by unfolding a proximal interior point algorithm over a fixed number of iterations. iRestNet requires the expression of the logarithmic barrier proximity operator and of its first derivatives, which we provide for three useful types of constraints. Then, we derive conditions under which this optimization-inspired architecture is robust to an input perturbation. We conduct several image deblurring experiments, in which iRestNet performs well with respect to a variational approach and to state-of-the-art deep learning methods.The last part of this thesis focuses on a stochastic sampling method for solving inverse problems in a Bayesian setting. We present an accelerated proximal unadjusted Langevin algorithm called PP-ULA. This scheme is incorporated into a hybrid Gibbs sampler used to perform joint deconvolution and segmentation of ultrasound images. PP-ULA employs the majorize-minimize principle to address non log-concave priors. As shown in numerical experiments, PP-ULA leads to a significant time reduction and to very satisfactory deconvolution and segmentation results on both simulated and real ultrasound data
Nguegang, Nkeuwa William. "Mise au point des revêtements nanocomposites multicouches transparents polymérisés sous ultraviolets pour le bois à usage intérieur." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30414/30414.pdf.
Full textThis research consists in two sections. The main objective of the first section was to improve barrier and mechanical properties of topcoats for wood furniture; while for the second section, the main objective was to increase the adhesion of multilayer coatings on wood surfaces. In the first section, free standing UV-cured coatings were prepared by using three different types of commercial organoclays. These nanoparticles were dispersed (1 and 3 wt % into the formulation) into a commercial epoxy acrylate oligomer. The morphology of these nanocomposites was studied by X-ray diffraction and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The barrier property (WVTR: water vapor transmission rate), optical clarity and mechanical tests of these nanocomposites were also assessed. In the second section, surfaces of yellow birch wood (Betula alleghaniensis Britton) were protected with six different types of multilayer coatings (MCs). Prepared primer and topcoat UV-curable formulations constituting these MCs contained, respectively nanosilica (NS: 0 and 0.5 wt %) and nanoclay (NC: 0, 1 and 3 wt %). The morphology of the cross-section of coated wood samples was studied by means of both scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM analysis respectively). The adhesion strength of these MCs on wood surfaces was assessed as a function of relative humidity (RH). TEM images reveal that C30B was not found to be dispersible into the acrylate matrix; while both UV-cured nanocomposites containing C10A and C15A respectively seemed to have an intercalated morphology. All the organoclays used in this study have had an effect on both WVTR and optical clarity. Among the three different types of organoclays, C10A appears to be the ideal reinforcing agent for practical application (bathrooms) and was used for topcoat constituting MCs on wood surfaces. The adhesion strength of coated wood samples conditioned at 80% RH was higher than that obtained on those conditioned at 40% RH. Multilayer coating 5 (0.5% NS–1% NC) appears to be the ideal protection system.
Raouj, Abdallah. "Réseau de transport déréglementé un algorithme de point intérieur pour la résolution du sous-problème des opérateurs." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2002. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4536.
Full textLarroque, Virginie. "Développement d'une méthode de micro-extraction sur phase solide pour l'analyse de composés organiques volatils dans l'air intérieur." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU3038.
Full textIndoor air quality is a recent concern and to improve the knowledge in this field, analytical methods are required for pollution characterisation. In this aim, SPME was studied as alternative to traditional sampling methods for the analysis of VOCs in indoor air. Despite its numerous advantages, SPME shows some limits for quantitative analysis. Therefore, an equilibrium sampling method was developed to overcome competitive adsorption. Operating conditions involves PDMS/Car fibre and static extraction in a fixed sample volume. Adsorption kinetics of model compounds were determined for 3 volumes in order to find the best compromise between extraction time and performance. 250 mL and 3h extraction were retained. Limits of detection in the sub -µg. M-3 order are reached in GC/MS and quantitative analysis is possible up to 9 µmol. M-3, even with 70% RH air humidity. For a better understanding of sampling mechanisms, a theoretical approach, based on diffusion modelling, was studied. Then, the method developed was compared to non-equilibrium methods involving short extraction times. Best results were obtained for the equilibrium method: linearity domains are larger and limits of detection are at least twice lower. Fibre storage was studied to avoid both contamination and losses before and after sampling. The methodology was then successfully applied to the analysis of VOCs in classrooms of two nursery schools built according to two different rules of building (traditional and HEQ). The effect of floor cleaning on VOCs content in air was also shown
Batti, Ahmed. "Etude spatio-temporelle par télédection du cycle crue-decrue dans le delta central du fleuve du Niger (Mali) : méthode des ondelettes." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR1GE04.
Full textMancino, Davide. "Mise au point et évaluation microscopique d'une méthode d'obturation canalaire optimale." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAE011/document.
Full textAssess the filling ability in oval-shaped canals using five different filling techniques. Materials and Methods : 220 human mandibular first molars with one distal oval canal were selected. Distal Canals were shaped using WaveOne Gold Primary. The prepared teeth were randomly divided in four equal groups (n = 40) for obturation : Continuous Wave Condensation (CWC), GuttaCore carrier based technique (GC), Thermafil (TH) carrier based technique, Single Cone technique (SC), Cold hydraulic Condensation (CHC). The proportions of gutta-percha filled areas (GPFA), sealer filled areas (SFA), void areas (VA) and the tags into dentinal tubules at 4 mm and 2 mm were analyzed by Optical numeric microscope, SEM and EDX. Statistical analysis : they were compared by Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA on ranks, with statistical significance set at α = 0.05. Results : At 4 and 2 mm from the apex, this study discloses statistically different filling ability for the five techniques. At 4 mm from the apex, the GC et TH groups showed significantly higher PGFAs than lateral condensation and System B techniques. The GC et TH groups showed a statistically significance difference compared with the others three groups in terms of higher PGFA, lower SFA. It showed a statistically significance difference with SC and CHC groups in term of VA. At 2 mm level from the apex, the GC et TH groups showed a statistically significance differece compared with the others three groups in terms of higher PGFA, lower SFA and VA. Conclusions : GC obturation is able to fill oval-shaped canals in a more appropriate way than the other filling techniques. GC was the only group which showed the presence of gutta-tags at 4 and 2 mm from the apex. The gutta- percha tags could behave as a physical barrier able to entomb bacteria
REBAI, Raja. "Optimisation de réseaux de télécommunications avec sécurisation." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010841.
Full textTondellier, Thibaut. "Mise au point d'un dispositif expérimental de frottement intérieur pour l'étude de la mobilité des dislocations dans les semi-conducteurs." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT2266.
Full textTaha, Khaled. "Analyse numérique d'algorithmes pour la programmation linéaire-quadratique généralisée." Rouen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUES035.
Full textIn this work, we present a theoretical and numerical study of extended linear-quadratic programming. We start with bringing out the different proprieties of objective and defining the relation of optimality with variational inequalities and linear complementarity problems. To solve the problem numerically, we adapt first and foremost a SQP variant of the quasi-Newton method BFGS and suggest the proximal point algorithm for the non-differentiable case. In the following, we deal with interior point methods and propose a new method based on solving a sequence of quasi-definite systems. This method takes advantage of the particular structure of these systems. Afterwards, we generalize our study on the minimax problem. In this context, two important cases are analysed; the case of polyhedral constraints and the case of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, we apply our results to solve problems of dynamic and stochastic optimisation. Numerical simulations done in this work assess the efficiency of our method
Guyon, Hélène. "Mise au point d'une méthode de mesure d'interaction ligand-ARN par électrochimie." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB147/document.
Full textRNA molecules play a major role in various biochemical processes and they are now considered as an important drug target. However, our limited understanding of the interactions occurring between small molecules and RNA complicate the search for new ligands (or drugs) with improved specific interaction and binding to elaborated RNA structures. In the absence of any rational approach, a screening strategy could shed light on the ligand/RNA interactions. In this thesis, we describe a simple electrochemical approach allowing for high-throughput detection and quantification of small molecule/RNA interactions. The principle of the method relies on the difference of diffusion rates between a redoxmolecular probe free or bound to its RNA target and thus to the ability to more easily electrochemically detect the forme rover the latter in a homogenous solution. This electrochemical detection strategy has the advantages of being affordable,fast, easy to use, sensitive and well-adapted to a high-throughput screening strategy in small volume samples. This methodology was used to characterize the binding of an aminoglycoside analog bearing a ferocenyl group to the ribosomal RNA fragment (rRNA 16S23). Furthermore, competitive binding of unlabelled aminoglycosides on theRNA/electrochemical probe complex allowed us to evaluate their dissociation constants (KD). These competitive experiments could further be generalized to measure KD values for libraries of molecules, which could help to find better RNA ligands
Will, François. "Mise au point et applications d'une méthode d'étude du cheveu : le phototrichogramme." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR1M253.
Full textDendane, Nabil. "Mise au point d’une méthode de fonctionnalisation de microcomposants par vois photochimique." Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10278.
Full textThe aim of our work is to develop an effective method for the patterning of closed solid support such as microchannels or capillaries by biomolecules. The covalent attachment of biomolecules on the glass and silicon surfaces is carried out by using the formation an oxime linkage. Patterning is achieved upon illumination by deprotecting the aminooxy function protected by a photolabile (NPPOC) group. We have show that on both planar format and capillary format the aminooxy surface protected by a photolabile group, is effective for the immobilization of several oligonucleotides at predefined positions. The strategy was further extended for the immobilization of other molecules such as sugars, peptides or different hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules in the capillaries. The results show the effectiveness of our strategy for the immobilization of variety of molecules. Further, we showed that the use of a hydrophilic surface (PEG) improves the sensitivity of this methodology
Claveau, Sébastien. "Mise au point d'une méthode permettant l'évolution dirigée par amplification d'acide nucléique." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2004. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1813/1/000118157.pdf.
Full textRizk, Malak. "Développement, validation et mise en œuvre sur le terrain d’une méthode de caractérisation in-situ des processus de sorption des composés organiques volatils par les matériaux de construction." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10074/document.
Full textIndoor air quality IAQ is a main concern attracting more researches since its impact on environment and human health is becoming obvious. Besides the diversity of pollutants indoors, several processes may affect IAQ. While the major part of IAQ models still limited on the parameters describing the pollutants emissions and their transport by air flow, the reactivity phenomena and the sorption of pollutants on surfaces are still poorly characterized on the field scale. In addition, the representativeness of sorption parameters derived from laboratory experiments to predict indoor air concentrations on the field, is still a source of uncertainties. Therefore, it is particularly interesting to evaluate sorption parameters of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) on the surface of building materials, using a representative method of field conditions, to better predict VOCs concentrations indoors. The main objective of this thesis is to develop a new method to characterize in-situ VOCs sorption processes on indoor surfaces, by coupling a Field and Laboratory Emission Cell (FLEC) with a proton transfer mass spectrometer (PTR-MS). The methodology developed and characterized in the laboratory, was compared to the method used in literature on the laboratory scale and based on larger emission test chambers. The new method was used on the field during two intensive field campaigns conducted in an energy efficient college. Sorption parameters of a large number of VOCS were determined for the main surfaces as well as their spatial and temporal variability. Using this transportable, fast and non-destructive method, derived sorption parameters could be used as data inputs to an indoor air model, to well predict VOCs concentrations indoors
Lalande, Delphine. "Mise au point d'une méthode de détection des radicaux libres par la chimioluminescence." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05P021.
Full textFournier, Francette. "Mise au point d'une méthode de calcul adaptée au bruit de fenestron d'hélicoptères." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ECDLA012.
Full textGuglielmino, Maud. "Développement d'une nouvelle méthode analytique du formaldéhyde dans l'air basée sur un dispositif microfluidique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAF048.
Full textFormaldehyde (HCHO) is a major pollutant in indoor air. The objective of this work is to realize the scientific and technological advances required to obtain an analytical method based on a microfluidic device to measure air formaldehyde combining precision, selectivity, analysis speed with for major objective a sufficient autonomy on a long time, typically one month. The principle of the method was initially based on three key steps, the gaseous formaldehyde uptake in solution, the formaldehyde derivatization reaction, then the detection of reaction product by colorimetry or fluorimetry. The method has finally advanced toward only two definite steps thanks to the use of an innovative microfluidic device in which uptake and reaction take place simultaneously. The study of analytical performances of the device allows to validate the method developedduring this work
Lazure-Demers, Geneviève. "Mise au point d'une méthode rapide d'extraction des autolysines chez Lactobacillus bulgaricus ssp. delbrueckii." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0017/MQ55774.pdf.
Full textDelpeuch, Anne. "Mise au point de la méthode de dosage du produit A et applications pharmaceutiques." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P112.
Full textSchneider, Raphaël. "Mise au point d'une méthode de synthèse de bêta-nitroénones : étude de leur réactivité." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10005.
Full textBaaj, Yasser. "Mise au point d'une méthode utilisant des biopuces pour le diagnostic de Neuropathies Héréditaires." Limoges, 2008. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/4f59cc9c-c7cc-412e-afa4-d9dfb186cb50/blobholder:0/2008LIMO310C.pdf.
Full textMicroarray method is becoming increasingly widespread and attractive for molecular diagnosis and mutations genotyping. Improvements of this method have focused on increasing of its reliability. Here we report the development of a genotyping method where a microarray was spotted with stem-loop probes, especially designed to optimize the hybridization specificity of complementary DNA sequences. This accurate method was used to screen for several common disease-causing mutations involved in a neurological disorder called Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). Healthy individuals and patients DNA were amplified and labeled by PCR and hybridized on microarray. Signal intensities of wild type probes were considerably higher than their homologues mutant probes differing by only one nucleotide (discrimination ratio) for healthy individual "homozygous" DNA. On the other hand, "heterozygous" mutant DNA samples gave rise to signal intensity ratios close to 1 at mutation positions, as expected with approximately equivalent signals of wild type and mutant probes. These results were obtained either with individually amplified PCR products, or with multiplex PCR products combining several amplicons. Our system combines then the highly specific genotyping principle of stem-loop structure probes with the advantages of a microarray method that allows highly multiplexed and parallel analysis
Blaise, Patrick. "Mise au point d'une méthode d'ajustement des paramètres de résonance sur des expériences intégrales." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX11063.
Full textMassiani, Anne. "Estimation par la méthode des ondelettes : le point de vue du processus empirique local." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066222.
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