Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Méthodes actives'
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Piraux, Joël͏. "Application des méthodes actives au contrôle d'un champ acoustique." Aix-Marseille 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX22031.
Full textTusoni, Yves. "Spécialisation, rapport(s) à la polyvalence, dimensions généralistes dans les métiers de la formation des adultes : l'exemple des C.E.M.E.A. (Centres d'Entraînement aux Méthodes d'Education Active)." Nancy 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN21035.
Full textRaymond, Annick. "Le problème de l'éducation morale dans le mouvement de l'Education Nouvelle." Lyon 2, 1998. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/1998/araymond.
Full textThe study of the theme of moral education in the congresses and the french review of the international league for the new education shows that this question remains in this pedagogical movement and that there isn't a unique conception. Moral education is a topic which divides pedagogues of this new education into two mains trends : they either have a psychological position which follows the individual and moral development of the child, or they decide upon a sociological position on the moral education of the child which is linked to a wider social-political project. To these two main positions, we can add a third one, that of a moral education based on religion. If new education has had these different positions on the subject of moral education, however these pedagogues agree to establish a kind of equation between the child's nature and morality, by postulating that freedom is the means to moralize without any damages for the child's nature, as if they thought it was only necessary to follow the spontaneous nature of the child so as to accomplish his own morality. Therefore, the new pedagogues have succeded in demonstrating that the problem of moral education is mainly a problem of freedom but they believed that they just needed to introduce freedom in their systems for morality to develop. Thus new education adopts naturalism which clashes with intention to lead a child to reach freely his morality. Moral education is therefore from another kind. If it is based on nature, if at the same time, it deals with a social dimension, neither nature nor society are able to accomplish it. Moral education within new education is and remains a problem since it follows the path of nature, the path of society or that of religion, to the exclusion of the two others without managing to articulate these different positions
Guichard, Daniel. "Approche de l'effet-tuteur dans des tâches de lecture et de résolution de problèmes." Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21087.
Full textThe tutor-effect is the gain that the tutor can take out of his role of tutor close to a tutee less advanced in the knowledge or ability. This research rest on data collected close to three hundred of children of elementary school (from 10,5 to 11,5 years old) during an experimenting of tutoring based on school tasks about reading and mathematics. This study proposes to reassemble objective data about the existence of the tutor-effect, examining especially the role of the disparity of level between the tutor and his tutee, the influence of the branch of instruction, the bond between the tutee's progress and the tutor's progress. Based on an experimenting in four phases, this study uses equally direct observations of tutoring seances
Verrière, Bruno. "Un mouvement pédagogique face au changement : l'A. I. R. A. P. : la pédagogie personnalisée et communautaire et les nouvelles technologies." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082168.
Full textThis is the history of a new international education movement that, after a period of expansion, has been more than ten years going through a phase of decline. Yet, the education concept of that association, aiming at promoting for each child the development of his person as well as his initiation into community living, remains today fully valid. After a comparison with the Freinet education movement and after studying how AIRAP is perceived by the French Catholic education system, the present thesis explores how to envisage a new momentum for this association in the present environment for education, particularly in relation to emerging technologies
Hamdan, Roueda. "Les pratiques pédagogiques héritières des principes de l'éducation nouvelle dans la scolarité obligatoire." Caen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CAEN1527.
Full textAnnebeau, Jacques. "La problématique de l'éducation à la paix à la lumière de deux représentants de l'Education nouvelle : Célestin Freinet et Maria Montessori." Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2004/annebeau_j.
Full textThe study of education for peace theme from the specific, educational and pedagogical - historically rooted - options of Célestin Freinet and Maria Montessori, registered in the New education movement, imposes first to question the concept of peace in the light of philosophy. The notion of conflict, as unit - of space and time, moment differed to violence - where tension struggles between opposites, appears from that time as central element to be considered in human relations, so that these relations do not degenerate in blind violence. These pedagogues have been incited by a deep desire of peace after both world catastrophes. Their approaches reveal their attitude towards armed conflicts, a denial of the very notion of conflict in relations between men and consequently of the value hetero attached. The setting-up of an adequacy between nature and peace leads Célestin Freinet and Maria Montessori to ground their conceptions, for both of them, on the basis of naturalism and vitalism, by taking, especially for Maria Montessori, the way of religion. Their conceptions and approaches lean on the necessity to eradicate conflicts. Besides the fact that by the way of pacifism, peace could not come to pass, education to peace remains a problem because it has to consider the conflict element in inter-individual as well as inter-ethnical and inter-state relations. The fact remains that education to peace not only can be but has to be dispensed, at the risk of possible violence, in order to ensure to future generations learning of freedom and autonomy
Avouac, Jean-Philippe. "Application des méthodes de morphologie quantitative à la néotectonique : modèle cinématique des déformations actives en Asie centrale." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA077129.
Full textSefti, Rania. "Méthodes d'approximation de contours et de surfaces actifs pour la segmentation d'images médicales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ORLE1037.
Full textAutomatic information extraction and object detection from medical images has advanced significantly in recent years. These advances offer clinicians new opportunities for exploration and diagnostic support. However, the segmentation process remains complex and presents many challenges. The aim of this thesis is to develop medical image segmentation methods based on B-Snakes. By exploiting the properties of spline functions, we have improved the accuracy and performance of parametric active contours (or active surfaces) for medical image segmentation. First, we introduced a new generalised Hermite spline approximation function with optimal support and controlled interpolation error. Then, using a deep learning model, we developed a new energy term that emphasises the importance of intensity variation and texture analysis. We then introduced a balancing step based on the geometry of the object and its curve/surface properties. This aligns the balanced Snake surface with the complex parts of theobject. Finally, we introduced a new snake deformation algorithm called Progressive Iterative Deformation (PID).This iteratively adjusts the control points to construct a series of fitting curves until the boundary of the object isdetected, without the need to solve energy minimisation problems. The proposed techniques have been rigorously evaluated, demonstrating their effectiveness and robustness under a variety of application conditions, including a wide range of data and different imaging modalities
Paparisteidi, Nefeli. "Pratiques pédagogiques actives et hybridations numériques dans l'enseignement supérieur : le cas d' EPITECH." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UNIP7260.
Full textBased on a project-based pedagogy, the French computer science school EPITECH claims a radical break with the traditional teaching model. Our thesis analyze this claim in the light of the school's practices and their reception by students and the teaching community. By studying the functioning of EPITECH, we wish to answer a double question. Firstly, what are the experiences of EPITECH students in this active and hybrid learning environment? Second, do these experiences dependent on their socio-economic characteristics? In line with the research questions and the chosen global approach, we opted for our methodology to conduct an ethnographic monograph. This is fed by an investigation based on a combined method of a qualitative (observations and interviews) and a quantitative approach (surveys and databases). The results of the study seem to indicate that on one hand this specific model of active learning can facilitate the progression and planning of the students' pathway. On the other hand, it seems that this pedagogy works relatively independently of the socio-economic characteristics of the students when the latter have an adequate environment and technical-pedagogical material. Through the study of the particular case of EPITECH our research aims to contribute to a better understanding of the so-called active learning in higher education
Shankland, Rébecca. "Adaptation des jeunes à l'enseignement supérieur : les pédagogies nouvelles : aide à l'adaptation ou facteur de marginalisation ?" Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/126281785#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textOur research tackles the question of how students from different types of educational systems adapt after secondary education. It is divided in two parts : a study on 277 former pupils and 400 parents, to analyse the development of competences specific to each educational system which facilitate their coping after secondary school ; a follow-up of 130 students during their first year in higher education, using various tools at three different periods of time (interviews, Coping Inventory for Stressfull Situations, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory). Our hypothesis is that former alternative school pupils will adjust better to higher education, because certain characteristics are better developed : coping focused on the problem, self-efficacy, etc. Our results confirm this assumption : these pupils show higher academic performances and psychological well-being (lower anxiety and depression levels, greater life satisfaction)
Gasnault, Luc. "Accompagner l'apprentissage dans l'enseignement agricole privé : Entre idéologies et réalités." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX10013.
Full textBraun, Jean-Paul. "De l'identité professionnelle des documentalistes des centres de documentation et d'information des établissements scolaires du second degré." Nancy 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN21002.
Full textThe Documentation and Information of the French Secondary School are under the responsability of the documentalist teachers whose mission is to ensure the management of them, and to teach the pupils the necessary knowledges and training to use independently the resources they contain (= hold in store). As members of the teaching staff, documentalists are called to work in collaboration with the teachers of the different school subjects, and to take part in the school project. The documentalist profession has evolued in straight relation with the development of the documentation and information centres themselves. Regarded as teachers, but without teaching a school subject though, documentalists have focuses of interest that are centered on management and pedagogy. This duality which leads to a lack of clarity concerning the nature of their real function may be the cause of a tension for the professionals themselves, as well in their relationship with other users of these centres. If we go back to the very beginning of the profession, and if we try to find out the influences that have masked the different steps of its evolution, such as libraries, new classes, active methods of working, independent researches, renovation, we can try then to redefine the role of the Documentation and Information Centre. The double image of the "scholè" and "agora" are recalled here, so that this centre of passage could be considered a place of meetings, as well as a place of permanent working. This common place, belonging to everybody, pupils and teachers, must be taken in charge, organized and animated by a responsable person of the centre, a person who is first of all a pedagogue (= a specialist teacher) in order to encourage the ways of learning and to give the users the ability of becoming autonomous researchers
Mahieu, Aurélien. "Nouvelles méthodes de détermination des diagrammes de solubilité polymère / principe actif." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10144.
Full textThe molecular dispersion of a drug into a polymer is generally used to increase both its solubility and the physical stability of its amorphous form. However, this formulation route requires a perfect knowledge of the solubility of the drug in the polymer. This property is in particular important for selecting appropriate polymers for formulations since it defines the maximal drug loading which prevents recrystallization. However, up to now, the determination of the solubility curve of drug/polymer systems is a long and tedious task. In this thesis we present an original method to determine faster the solubility of drugs into polymers. The originality of the method lies in the fact that the equilibrium saturated state is here reached by demixing of a supersaturated amorphous solid solution and not by the usual dissolution of a crystalline drug into an amorphous polymer. The equilibrium saturated states are thus much faster to reach due to the extra molecular mobility resulting from the strong plasticizing effect associated with the supersaturation conditions. We also test the ability of ab-initio numerical techniques (using molecular dynamics and quantum methods) to predict solubility curves. Both experimental and numerical techniques are validated using drug/polymer systems whose solubility curves have already been determined by conventional methods. The investigated systems are: PVPK12/indomethacin, PVPK30/griseofulvin and methylated β-cyclodextrine/griseofulvin. The investigation techniques are mainly Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD)
Pepin, Matthias. "Apprendre à s'entreprendre en milieu scolaire : une étude de cas collaborative à l'école primaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25547.
Full textCette thèse de doctorat traite de l’entrepreneuriat scolaire à des stades précoces de la scolarisation des élèves, soit plus précisément au niveau primaire pour la recherche ici concernée. Après un tour d’horizon des enjeux et défis liés à l’introduction de l’entrepreneuriat en éducation, la thèse aborde les finalités distinctes d’éducation entrepreneuriale, à savoir : 1) développer des connaissances en lien avec l’entrepreneuriat; 2) développer des habiletés de création et de gestion d’entreprise dans le but de former de futurs entrepreneurs et 3) développer des individus plus entreprenants dans la vie en général. Cette dernière finalité constitue le cœur de la thèse et conduit à la question centrale de l’investigation doctorale, soit : qu’est-ce qu’apprendre à s’entreprendre en milieu scolaire? Pour répondre à ce questionnement, la thèse propose, à l’appui de la philosophie de l’expérience de John Dewey, une nouvelle définition de ce que signifie s’entreprendre en termes processuels, de même qu’une représentation théorique d’apprendre à s’entreprendre. Cette représentation met en relation étroite l’action et la réflexion au sein de toute activité entrepreneuriale vécue en salle de classe. Méthodologiquement, cette thèse emprunte à l’étude de cas. Pour collecter des données, un groupe d’élèves de deuxième année du primaire a été suivi sur une année scolaire complète, dans la création puis la gestion d’un magasin de fournitures scolaires dans leur école. Un conseil d’élèves a par ailleurs été accolé à cette activité entrepreneuriale. L’analyse des données montre que systématiser la réflexion des élèves sur l’action vécue dans le magasin permet de replacer l’apprentissage au cœur de l’activité entrepreneuriale. En effet, les élèves sont amenés à déployer ce que Dewey appelle des processus d’enquête leur permettant de résoudre des problèmes générés par l’activité même de « faire exister », puis de « faire tourner » le magasin scolaire dans leur école. Plus généralement, la thèse laisse voir que si le projet d’action constitue certes le véhicule pour s’entreprendre, apprendre à s’entreprendre appelle, pour sa part, une pédagogie de la problématisation afin de tirer parti de la valeur éducative de l’action vécue dans l’activité entrepreneuriale.
This doctoral dissertation deals with enterprise education at basic levels of schooling (K-12), and more specifically at the primary level concerning this research. Starting with an overview of the issues and challenges related to the introduction of entrepreneurship in education, the dissertation then differentiates three educational purposes: 1) conveying knowledge about entrepreneurship to students; 2) developing students’ business creation and management skills in order to train future entrepreneurs and 3) developing more enterprising individuals in everyday life. This latter finality is at the core of the dissertation and leads to its central issue: what does it mean to learn to be enterprising at school? To answer this question, the dissertation proposes a new definition, in processual terms, of being enterprising based on John Dewey’s philosophy of experience and sets a related model of learning to be enterprising. This model simultaneously takes into account action and reflection in any classroom entrepreneurial experience. From a methodological point of view, this dissertation is based upon case study research. Data collection took place in a classroom of second year of primary education (seven-year old pupils), during an entire school year, to document the process of creating and running a shop of school supplies within the school. A pupil council was also adjoined to this entrepreneurial activity. The analysis of the data shows that systematically encouraging pupils to reflect on action, through the pupil council, allows to add educational value to the entrepreneurial activity. Pupils are indeed led to undertake what Dewey calls inquiry processes in order to solve problems created by the activity of « turning into reality » and then « running » the store at school. If the action-based project is indeed the vehicle to be enterprising, this research more generally shows that learning to be enterprising needs a problem-based pedagogy to take advantage of the educational value of action in the entrepreneurial activity.
Tenailleau, Nadège. "L' école ouverte de Bégon (1971-2016) : l'innovation aux prises avec le temps." Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT3017.
Full textInspired from Anglo-Saxon models open schools tentatively came into existence in the late sixties. The aim was to combine innovatory architecture allowing easier exchanges with the community and innovative child-centered teaching. About forty years on these schools have virtually disappeared. Yet one of them has managed to survive so far without any official status from the Education Ministry. Although the political context has long been favourable to the development of such an experiment, this school is now being challenged regarding its innovative approach. In this respect it provides a rich field of research for the researcher investigating an experiment in innovative teaching over a long period from its inception to its decline. Through an ethnographic study over a period of four years we have tried to assess the evolution in the responses to the school and the innovative process it carried out on the one hand and on the other hand the effects of such a project beyond the usual markers. We will thus examine the education policies regarding innovation and teaching practices from a socio-historical viewpoint as well as the students' current school experience up to their leaving to attend secondary schools
Mahieu, Aurélien. "Nouvelles méthodes de détermination des diagrammes de solubilité polymère / principe actif." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10144/document.
Full textThe molecular dispersion of a drug into a polymer is generally used to increase both its solubility and the physical stability of its amorphous form. However, this formulation route requires a perfect knowledge of the solubility of the drug in the polymer. This property is in particular important for selecting appropriate polymers for formulations since it defines the maximal drug loading which prevents recrystallization. However, up to now, the determination of the solubility curve of drug/polymer systems is a long and tedious task. In this thesis we present an original method to determine faster the solubility of drugs into polymers. The originality of the method lies in the fact that the equilibrium saturated state is here reached by demixing of a supersaturated amorphous solid solution and not by the usual dissolution of a crystalline drug into an amorphous polymer. The equilibrium saturated states are thus much faster to reach due to the extra molecular mobility resulting from the strong plasticizing effect associated with the supersaturation conditions. We also test the ability of ab-initio numerical techniques (using molecular dynamics and quantum methods) to predict solubility curves. Both experimental and numerical techniques are validated using drug/polymer systems whose solubility curves have already been determined by conventional methods. The investigated systems are: PVPK12/indomethacin, PVPK30/griseofulvin and methylated β-cyclodextrine/griseofulvin. The investigation techniques are mainly Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD)
Laville-Bidadanure, Florence. "Les enjeux de la pluridisciplinarité en lycée professionnel : le projet pluridisciplinaire à caractère professionnel : un dispositif nouveau ?" Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100149.
Full textThe PPCP plan was formulated in 1999. It’s aim was the integration of a pluridisciplinary teaching into the disciplinary organisation of the knowledge. It had to be concluded by a professional exercise. We will stat by replacing the PPCP in the knowledge reorganization process. Then the analysis of 22 interviews will be the opportunity to apprehend the impact of the project on the professional identity of the teachers. Viewed at the beginning as an area where antagonism could be abolished. Today the PPCP appears to be a plan which increases the internal contradictions of the professional teaching. Teachers are often puzzled because of the difficulties they meet when they try to conciliate disciplinary and pluridisciplinary logics. The teachers face also contradiction between PPCP and the traditional informal projects. Those who were involved, since years, in projects of their initiative have expressed their reluctance to PPCP. The younger generation of teachers, is often more worried about there disciplinary teaching and hardly understand the importance of PPCP. The PPCP plan has made re-emerged questions concerning the future of professional teaching and the increasing complexity of the pedagogic activities. The reform is happening in a context of changing industrial field qualifications. Never less, the PPCP has involved new pedagogic practices on the writing activity. As a creative act, PPCP can be joined to a production act to give it an additional-value. As a reflexive act, it allows the students to move their point of view on the technical object and to develop the capacity to transfer heterogeneous knowledge from one situation to another
Gardey, Claudine. "Interactions et construction du savoir en classe de langue : renforcement et individualisation du processus d'apprentissage par une pédagogie interactive dans le deuxième cycle de l'enseignement secondaire : par, pour et avec le groupe en cours d'anglais." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR21013.
Full textSerina-Karsky, Fabienne. "Pratiques éducatives et bien-être de l’enfant à l’école : la contribution de l’Éducation nouvelle (1910-2010) : pour un nouveau paradigme éducatif." Paris 8, 2013. http://octaviana.fr/document/180962329#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe educational practices that encourage the child's well-being at school are the object of this thesis, that belongs to researches on pedagogic innovations, and participates in the aim of a “good enough school” for which wishes Jeanne Moll. Starting from this point of view, our research focuses on schools belonging, still today, to the historical courant of New Education, that inscribe at the heart of their pedagogy the child's well-being at school. Although few in number, they update the paradigm of New education from the early 20th century, centered on the child. For the study of the educational practices that develop there, this thesis adopts a social-historical approach. It starts from a present exploration of theses schools to go back to their history and sources. In terms of method, it proceeds, on one hand of a “collaborative research” type sociological survey, and on another hand of a historical research, from archives, dealing on remarkable educational situations spread over fifty years (1910-1960). This dual approach, both synchronic and diachronic, allows to draw a new educational paradigm that would take into account the dimension of respect and “well-treatment” of the child at school. The thought of Edgar Morin, who places human identity at the heart of his researches, allows us to consider the place and respect of the child at school in a perspective, that reveals a global entity made invisible if one thinks of the well being of the child belonging to the private sphere, and school, which is of the public space, as two separate and antagonists entities
Jacomino, Baptiste. "Alain et Freinet : une école contre l'autre ?" Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NANT3045.
Full textHwang, Ko Hwang Sung-Mon. "Socialisation scolaire et éducation nouvelle. Travail de groupe (R. Cousinet) et pédagogie Freinet : étude comparative." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUEL251.
Full textRoger Cousinet (1881-1973) and Célestin Freinet (1896-1966) are major advocates of new education philosophy, a progressive ideology in education. They assert that an institution should be changed into the place which develops student's socialities. The primary objective of this study is to consider several differences of the educational methods (group study of R. Cousinet and Freinet's teaching method) and to compare and constrast their ideas : the principles and school practices of these pedagogues. The comparison is focused on school socialization. R. Cousinet and C. Freinet regard it as a final objective or educational process. The socialization is characterized by following three aspects : acculturation, personalization and individualization. According to these three processes, socialization in new education (progressive education) consists of constructing personal culture and collective life, increasing the awareness of responsibilities. The comparative analysis of these two schools of thought takes place in the two stages : observation of public school classes (class group study, class Freinet) and understanding the specifications of Cousinet's and Freinet's methods. Accordingly, how to read and interpret their literary work depends primarily on the three characteristics of their teaching and learning methods. Three elements are based on expression, interest and responsibility
Vannini, Geneviève. "Les CEMEA et leur action en Europe et en Afrique de 1937 à la fin du XXe siècle. Une contribution originale à la diffusion de l'éducation nouvelle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040007.
Full textThe Centres d’entraînement aux méthodes d’éducation active (CEMEA) were created in 1937 as ananswer to the severe lack of managerial staff for children's holiday camps, and quickly enjoyed aconsiderable expansion. Driven by enthusiasm and a steadfast faith in the new educational methods, themany activists of this important association develop a rich and diversified activity throughout the XXthcentury in all fields regarding education, and largely expand their influence beyond the French borders.CEMEA associations are initially created in Europe, then in the French Overseas departments andterritories and in Africa, and thus constitute efficient intermediaries for the promotion of new pedagogicalmethods. The active educational method of holiday camp supervisors, whose guidelines are laid down in1937, remains the basis of all educational action. Although the training courses for leaders of holidaycentres still represent a large sector of activities until now, social work and actions towards young peoplein difficulty are increasing, in Europe as well as in Africa or in the Overseas departments and territories.The CEMEA, who integrate themselves in wide-ranging development plans, elaborate long-term trainingprogrammes in many countries. The many international activities reflect the educational undertakingsconducted in France. But the complexity of the various institutional, political, economical, and culturalframeworks they are part of compel the CEMEA to give regular precisions on the underlying principlesof their action
Diamantidaki, Fotini. "Internet et documents littéraires : un moyen d’enseigner la langue." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE2032.
Full text“The question of integrating new technologies in language teaching, particularly the integration of the Internet in the teaching of the French as a Foreign Language (FFL), is one of our principal concerns. We wish to show the positive contributions that the Internet is able to have on the FFL and language teaching generally. The creation of teaching and interactive activities on the Internet is an essential part of our project. In the context of the Internet and the teaching of FFL, we will add the literary element and will set up a site which would aim to offer an unlimited access to various literary texts. It is a site which could be used in a class of FFL, in order to teach certain linguistic elements but also to initiate the foreign learners to the literary text. Our principal goal is to show that the literary text, thanks to the Internet, can have its own place in a class of FFL and can be appreciated. ”
Shafie, Hesham. "Le développement de l'enseignement du français en Arabie Saoudite par l'utilisation pédagogique des documents authentiques." Nancy 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN21004.
Full textOur research has a double aim : to try to measure the competence of the Saudi students in the oral conversation by analyzing their productions ; to open new proceedings into the teaching of French in Saudi Arabia to slacken the austere atmosphere of this teaching and to thus motivate the students. Through the study of the corpus carried out near the students of advanced level, we found that the majority of them have difficulties pronounced with the oral examination : they do not speak with ease, they have problems on all the levels linguistic (lexical, grammatical, semantic, morphological. . . ), they miss it much vocabulary. Vis-à-vis this situation, we felt the need to modernize teaching/training of French in Saudi Arabia. We were brought to reflect on the choice of new materials to especially teach French at the advanced level. We were obliged thus to innovate, introduce documents likely to motivate the students and to hold their attention. To achieve this goal, we did not find better than to work with them on authentic documents under all their forms : - written : article of newspaper, small advertisements, note of drugs, receipt of kitchen. . . - sound : press review, match of football, titles of a newspaper of radio, song. . . - visual : fixed images, photo novel, comic strip. . . - audio-visual : television news, film, play, match of football. . . - ludic : company, word, card decks. . . Thanks to their innovation, their variety and their diverting aspect, we are certain that these documents are able to motivate our students. Indeed, as we envisaged, the authentic documents brought their fruits. The students favourably accommodated them. Thanks to this new approach and to the new environment thus created, the students finally found the supports which encourage them to speak and consequently help them to improve their level with the oral examination. Thus they really wanted to be expressed and take part in the meetings devoted to the exploitation of the documents. Quite simply, they needed to be justified by a new way of approaching teaching. When something again, of different, interesting is proposed to the students, one can expect a positive reaction of their share
Ferrière, Michelle. "Des assemblées d'enfants à l'école : invention du débat ou apprentissage de la démocratie." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR21022.
Full textPrévost, Jasmine. "Évaluation des effets d'un programme d'éveil sensoriel au goût sur la reconnaissance d'aliments, les attitudes et le comportement alimentaire d'enfants dans la région de Sherbrooke." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26826.
Full textSimon, Nataline. "Développement des méthodes actives de mesures distribuées de température par fibre optique pour la quantification des écoulements souterrains : apports et limites pour la caractérisation des échanges nappe/rivière." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN1B028.
Full textGroundwater/surface water interactions play a fundamental role in the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. However, their quantification is challenging because exchange processes vary both in time and space. Here, we propose an active distributed heat transport experiment in order to quantify the spatial and temporal variability of groundwater/surface water interactions. As a first step, we proposed a new approach to evaluate the spatial resolution of temperature measurements. Then, two interpretation methods of active-DTS experiments were developed and fully validated to estimate the distribution of porous media thermal conductivity and the groundwater fluxes in sediments. Based on numerical simulations and sandbox experiments, results demonstrated the potentiality of these methods for quantifying distributed groundwater fluxes with high accuracy. The large range of groundwater fluxes that can be investigated with the method makes specially promising the application of active experiments for many subsurface applications. Secondly, we conducted heat transport experiments within the streambed sediments of two different streams: in a first-order stream, then in a large flow-system located along an alluvial plain. These applications demonstrated the relevance of using active experiments to characterize the spatial complexity of stream exchanges. Finally, the comparison of results obtained for each experimental site allowed discussing the capabilities and limitations of using active-DTS field experiments to characterize groundwater/surface water interactions in different hydrological contexts
Vannini, Geneviève. "Les CEMEA et leur action en Europe et en Afrique de 1937 à la fin du XXe siècle. Une contribution originale à la diffusion de l'éducation nouvelle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040007.
Full textThe Centres d’entraînement aux méthodes d’éducation active (CEMEA) were created in 1937 as ananswer to the severe lack of managerial staff for children's holiday camps, and quickly enjoyed aconsiderable expansion. Driven by enthusiasm and a steadfast faith in the new educational methods, themany activists of this important association develop a rich and diversified activity throughout the XXthcentury in all fields regarding education, and largely expand their influence beyond the French borders.CEMEA associations are initially created in Europe, then in the French Overseas departments andterritories and in Africa, and thus constitute efficient intermediaries for the promotion of new pedagogicalmethods. The active educational method of holiday camp supervisors, whose guidelines are laid down in1937, remains the basis of all educational action. Although the training courses for leaders of holidaycentres still represent a large sector of activities until now, social work and actions towards young peoplein difficulty are increasing, in Europe as well as in Africa or in the Overseas departments and territories.The CEMEA, who integrate themselves in wide-ranging development plans, elaborate long-term trainingprogrammes in many countries. The many international activities reflect the educational undertakingsconducted in France. But the complexity of the various institutional, political, economical, and culturalframeworks they are part of compel the CEMEA to give regular precisions on the underlying principlesof their action
Jestin, Gregory. "Développement de nouvelles méthodes d'amination intermoléculaire d'énamides par transfert de nitrènes catalysé par le rhodium." Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE2066.
Full textThe ubiquity of nitrogen atom in life sciences is a driving force for researchers to develop new ideal synthesis methods of C-N bond formation on more or less complex molecules. In this way, the conception of library of small molecules, through a selective functionalization, became an asset in thesearch of new bioactive compounds.During this PhD, we worked on the functionalization of enamide, a stable and reactive molecular support, and specifically in the amination of these molecules with the aim of obtaining a diversity of 1,2and 1,3-diaminated compounds, from nitrene’s precursor, through a rhodium (II) catalyst.First, we synthesized 1,2 diaminated compounds thanks to the addition of nitrene on double C(sp²)=C(sp²) bonds of non-aromatic and cyclic enamides allowing the synthesis of nitrogen containing’s polycyclic structures in acidic conditions. Then, an original stereoselective, intermolecular and rhodium (II)-catalyzed allylic C(sp³ )-H amination of substituted enamides was developed, leading to 1,3-diaminated compounds
Gutierrez, Laurent. "L'éducation nouvelle et l'enseignement catholique en France : 1899-1939." Paris 8, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA082972.
Full textThis thesis contends that filiation assumed the philosophical ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau by a majority of the representatives of the movement of new Education, mixed with ignorance theoretical and practical methods by active members of the Christian education community has condemned the understanding and, by the same token, the dissemination of this teaching in French Catholic teaching between the late nineteenth century and the beginning of World War II. At the same time, the proliferation of referees called to legitimize this profane pedagogy has developed in its place a sceptic among Catholics that has since confirmed that some representatives of this education movement have affirmed their commitment to political struggles contrary to those of the Church
Champlain, Yves de. "Le sentiment d'éduquer : une approche acousmatique de conscientisation du geste pédagogique d'un enseignant en musique au primaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20354.
Full textVincent, Romain. "Du ludique au pédagogique : la scolarisation du jeu vidéo par les enseignants." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 13, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PA131064.
Full textSince the computer hardware policies introduced into French schools in the 1970s and 1980s, video games have regularly been presented as a vector for teaching innovation. Studies on the introduction of video games into the classroom focus on the effectiveness of the ludic device in terms of student’s learning and motivation. These studies usually overlook the role of the teacher, both in the construction of the video game as a pedagogical tool and its actual use in class. How do teachers transform video games, which are intended for entertainment purposes and not included in school curriculum, into a learning tool?This thesis reports on the process of using video games in class through a field study based on the observation of seventeen teachers of different subjects in French secondary schools. The results show that the teachers draw on their own culture of video games to prepare their class content. The resources used to teach therefore reflect the eclecticism of the teachers’ cultural repertoire, mixing practices considered legitimate with others, such as video games, which are considered illegitimate. They do, however, manage to highlight the cultural and educational value of video games both as a hobby and in the context of their work.However, the use of video game in class is not merely a transposition into the sphere of entertainment: while adapting video games to the objectives of the school syllabus, the teachers wish to respond to the difficulties encountered within the scope of their work, such as avoiding professional routine, arousing the interest of students and building a pleasant school environment. Using video games also helps to create their own teaching style and increase their renown within their school.Observation of their lessons led to the questioning of the concept of gamification which sometimes fails to capture the reality of practices in situation. Indeed, in order to make video games part of the school curriculum, the teachers control the students’ play activity: to distance themselves from juvenile play practices and to reach their pedagogical objectives, the teachers intervene directly while the students are playing, by taking charge of, for example, the learning of the rules, and therefore reducing the students’ scope of action, and adding a written work component. However, this pedagogy of control varies according to the teaching contexts, the school subjects and the teaching style of the teachers.By providing a concrete description of the various teaching practices that make use of video games, this study also highlights the tensions between play activities and educational objectives. In addition, it goes beyond the question of video games alone and looks at the schooling of cultural practices. Like film, music or series, video games are often used to help impart knowledge from the syllabus. In other cases, it is studied as a cultural and artistic work that appeals to students’ aesthetics and requires scholastic prerequisites. This approach enables us to look at the different ways in which video games are received by students, depending on their own culture of video games, their level of education and the school social context. Hence, the use of video games in class shows the changing and increasingly complex nature of the teaching profession as well as the changing nature of the academic tasks required of students. The aim of this research is to qualify, even to go beyond the media, the institutional and industrial discourse on the educational potential of video games
Moultaka, Jihane. "Synthèse des populations stellaires dans les galaxies proches : aspect théorique et applications." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066463.
Full textTenaud, Isabelle. "Une expérience d'enseignement de la géométrie en terminale C : enseignement de méthode et travail en petits groupes." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA077090.
Full textMaziade, Charles-Hugo, and Charles-Hugo Maziade. "L'intégration de l'éducation plein air en enseignement de l'éducation physique et à la santé : trois études de cas." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33717.
Full textDes études démontrent que réaliser des activités dehors améliorent la santé physique, psychologique et sociale des jeunes, alors que d’autres indiquent que les jeunes du Québec ne font pas assez d’activité en plein air (à l’extérieur). Pourtant, le Programme de formation de l’école québécoise (PFEQ) recommande la pratique d’éducation en contexte de plein air, notamment dans la discipline éducation physique et à la santé. Une meilleure mise en oeuvre du PFEQ pourrait dès lors contrer ce manque chez les jeunes. Malgré ces recommandations, l’intégration de l’éducation plein air comme moyen d’action dans la programmation annuelle des enseignants d’éducation physique semble plutôt rare. Trois enseignants qui affirment réaliser de l’éducation plein air avec leurs élèves (de 8 à 14 ans) ont accepté de participer à cette étude. Les critères d’inclusion étaient d’avoir réalisé dans l’année scolaire l’acte d’enseigner complet (évaluer-analyser-planifier-réaliser) en éducation plein air, pendant au moins 8 séances dans leur programmation annuelle avec des élèves âgés entre 8 et 14 ans. Des études de cas ont été conduites avec trois éducateurs physiques du Québec (deux femmes, un homme) qui ont participé à un entretien semi-structuré d’une durée de 60 à 120 minutes à partir d’un guide d’entrevue lu auparavant. Les entretiens ont été enregistrés sous forme audio, retranscris et enfin le contenu a été analysé (deux codeurs à l’aveugle, avec indice d’accord entre les deux codages). L’analyse des données a permis de mettre en lumière les facteurs qui favorisent ou limitent la pratique d’éducation physique en contexte de plein air, mais également d’identifier les besoins des éducateurs physiques pour améliorer cette pratique. Les résultats révèlent que les éducateurs physiques ne semblent pas avoir identifié une réelle progression des apprentissages appuyée par des mesures d’évaluation en lien avec le PFEQ. Ils affirment aussi manquer d’outils pédagogiques et d’accompagnement. En guise de conclusion, des pistes pour de futures recherches sont présentées, ainsi que des orientations pour favoriser l’intégration du plein air dans le cadre scolaire au Québec.
Lalo, Marie. "Atomisation d'un film liquide mince par action combinée des instabilités de Kelvin-Helmholtz et de Faraday : application aux injecteurs aérodynamiques des turbomachines aéoronautiques." Toulouse, ENSAE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ESAE0025.
Full textBernatchez, Marie-Claire. "Élaboration et analyse des retombées d'un programme basé sur l'occupation, auprès d'enfants avec une déficience motrice cérébrale." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24881/24881.pdf.
Full textCanton, Marcel. "Rapport à la langue et difficultés scolaires : analyse prospective de corrélations pénalisantes dans le cadre d'une étude au format Circonscription." Nancy 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN21009.
Full textThis research, which was carried out in a Local Education Authority (LEA), brings together and extends the militant anthropoligical choices and an essay entitled " didactics of Tales in the context of ZEP (Priority Educational Zone) ". Inspired from Gerard Fath work 'values in educational and training ", this research, which was started in 1998 as part of a ERAEF-CNCRE study, takes stock of the remedial programs available for " pupils with difficulties " from primary school to university level. Concerning school level, the author, who was a primary school teacher trainer before becoming a pedagogical adviser to a LEA, initiated a survey studying the " difficulties " of 2000 pupils who were declared so by their 80 teachers. The results expressed such a " school deficit " that the notion of " difficulty " actually questions the practices and the context they emanate. Marcel Canton suggests an answer which examines the association between " relation to language " and " formative culture in a school district "
Letz, Carmen Ilona. "La formation du citoyen du monde dans des écoles d'élite en Allemagne, en France et en Suisse : la Schule Schloss Salem, l'Ecole des Roches et l'Ecole d'Humanité : une analyse constrastive de leurs fondements philosophiques, sociologiques et politiques et leur application pédagogique des débuts à nos jours (1899-2012)." Limoges, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIMO2012.
Full textThe emergence of new schools in the 20th century has opened up new horizons for the reflection on the global education of World Citizens. This thesis adopts a tri-national perspective (Germany, France and Switzerland), to study the cases of three private boarding schools : the Schule Schloss Salem, the Ecole des Roches and the Ecole d'Humanité, all of which initially shared the vocation of wanting to reform society in order to create a better world. To do so, they refer in part to the great thinkers and teachers of humanity, including the intellectuals of German idealism, like Goethe, Schiller, Kant and Fichte, but also Plato, Rousseau and Pestalozzi, as well as some English public schools. We have analyzed the basic ideas that inspired the founders of these three institutions, and we have discussed how these were integrated into their teaching concepts, and how they have been applied to institutional programs. We analyze in detail how the different aspects of human life are treated : politics, religion, nature, work and leisure activity (play). The principal ideals taught to students in the early 20th century included working for the common good and for peace in the world. Given the major changes in the last century -globalization, the problems of environmental protection, etc - we have studied substantial questions : have the Schule Schloss Salem, the Ecole des Roches and the Ecole d'Humanité changed course to adapt to the new needs and concerns of society, or are they loyal to the concepts of their creators? What main evolutions have taken place? What roles do today's elite play in the process of humanization of the world?The three institutions, true teaching laboratories, base themselves on more than a century's worth of experience. Although they are elite schools, our contrastive comparison of the three schools, based on anthropological and empirical approach, can provide important overtures in for other schools and the ensemble of pedagogical specialists
Lemius, Brigitte. "Ecrire au CDI ? : analyse d'une pratique en EREA : enjeux identitaires et pédagogiques." Nancy 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN21003.
Full textAccording to the French education officials, the Information and Communication Technologies for Schools - hypertext in particular - represent tools of success for pupils who have difficulties and give them new possibilities. Our methodology consists in writing sessions for pupils of three classes - one CPPN, i. E. A prevocational class, one "seconde BEP secrétariat", i. E. A secretarial studies fifth-form and one "seconde BEP comptabilité", i. E. An accountancy studies fifth-form. The writing sessions take place in a CDI (i. E. Centre of Documentation and Information) of an EREA (i. E. Regional secondary school for handicapped pupils). The analysis process uses three entities : the place in itself, that is the CDI, the spastic public and the hypertext software. The use of hypertext software produces reactions and triggers modifications in our research as was previously intended. The complexity of a research situation at school with an educational act obliges to refer to a plural approach of theories. In particular the Practical Analysis is used in my work as a teacher-documentalist because it goes beyond the contradiction between the practitioner and the researcher. Hypertext writing is possible with a computer as well as with a pen. It is a possibility to write about one's own life and experience and to reach self-education. Faulty and poor texts are no more disqualified, on the contrary they serve the education of individuals and as such call for a new theory, which has still to be built. The hypertext is a mark created by writing pupils and representing them. The role of the teacher-documentalist can be redefined as a mediation role between the pupil and the adolescent, and is open to heuristic manifestations
Jottreau-Augé, Dominique. "Didactique des langues anciennes." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENL017.
Full textOur research is born from the necessity to define a strategy for the teaching of ancient languages so that learners may be induced to read ancient literature. The grounds of this theory rest upon the contribution brought by the teachings of other disciplines with a view to setting up a theory of learning. Our approach is not so much to apply to the field of ancient languages a pattern borrowed from the teaching of other subjects but to ponder over the specificity of this discipline in order to draw a number of principles and to determine specific teaching skills which include a wide range of modern technologies and which are sufficiently consistent and efficient to enable learners to feel at home with a culture through the learning of a language
Duval, Nathalie. "L'École des Roches : une "école nouvelle" pour les élites (1899-2006)." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040058.
Full textOur thesis deals with the education of the elites through a study of an institution emblematic of the « new education », the Ecole des Roches, a boarding school in rural Normandy. We have followed its history from 1899 to the present, and done so from three different viewpoints : educational, economic and sociological. Deliberately British-inspired, the Ecole des Roches was established by Edmond Demolins as the prototype of the « new school » in France (first part of our thesis). It became the recognized crucible of the new educational approach (second part). Compared with the neighbouring Collège de Normandie, the Ecole des Roches is a better-managed business venture which enjoyed its heyday between the two world wars as the model « new school ». Its reputation and influence extended, both within France and internationally, to public and private educational circles (third part). After 1945, the term « new school » was no longer appropriate, but the Ecole des Roches still remains original in the landscape of French education. A school for the wealthy or an incubator for the elites ? A sociological study of the « Rocheux » (as the school’s alumni are known) seeks to address this question. We shall attempt to set the outline and operating methods of their network (fourth part). Finally, our thesis looks at the school memory and the way it has evolved through the shifts in student recruitment, ranging from traditional families of the upper bourgeoisie and aristocracy to the current gilded elites of globalization
Ferecatu, Marin. "Recherche d'images par retour de pertinence actif utilisant des descripteurs visuels et textuels." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS0001.
Full textIn this thesis we explore a number of issues related to interactive querying of image databases, using both the description of the visual appearance and keyword annotations. We start by introducing the weighted color histograms, that intimately integrate color, texture and shape, and we validate their quality on multiple ground truth databases. Then, we propose several improvements for the SVM-based relevance feedback approach: first, we put forward an improved active learning selection strategy, based on a reduction of the redundancy between the images selected at every feedback round and second, we propose the use of specific kernel functions, such as the triangular kernel, that allow to obtain insensitivity to changes in the scale of the data, while keeping performance at a very good level. Finally, for image databases having keyword annotations associated with images, we propose a new keyword-based feature vector that makes use of an external ontology (WordNet) to induce a semantic generalization of the concepts corresponding to keywords. When used in combination with the visual signatures, our new feature vector can improve significantly the quality of the returned results both in query by visual example situation and with relevance feedback
Kammoun, Sana. "Application de l’éveil musical dans un contexte culturel tunisien : démarche, succès et contraintes." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20107.
Full textMusic interactive learning is a recent approach developing auditory, rhythmic, body and voice activities. In Tunisia, music education at nursery school is limited to song and nursery rhyme learning, without considering sonorous world discovery and space exploration. The present work deals with Tunisian children musical development, taking into account cultural magnitude, allowing musical enculturation. This research solves two main problems. The first one is related to this music approach in a Tunisian cultural context, where music is mostly Tunisian, characterized by its specifications. The second problem consider the difficulties while implementing the interactive music learning; these resulted from the predefined cultural frame, established by both the learners i.e. Tunisian children five-years old at two nursery schools in Sfax city, and the teachers who didn’t get any previous training nor knowledge about the interactive used method for teaching music.In the first part of this dissertation, interactive musical approach was presented among the active methods. In the second part, the parameters interacting with musical learning, such as child psychology, Tunisian music and the enculturation importance in musical development of Tunisian child were considered. Finally, in the third part, a case study was investigated where an interactive music course, held in both nursery schools having different social level was discussed
Collin, Lam Marise. "L'extension syntaxique chez l'enfant ayant un trouble primaire du langage : déploiement d'une approche développementale à partir de la littérature d'enfance." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67083.
Full textBy trying to understand the world around them, children develop their thinking and build their knowledge based on the development of their language; which will one day serve their reading and writing acquisition. However, a child with a primary language disorder, who does not have a sufficiently complex syntax, will very often experience difficulties in reading and writing comprehension, two predictors of academic success. In addition to the development of the representation of the alphabetical system and the structuring of the narrative, the production of a complex syntax is essential for school learning, the following question should be highlighted: what are the learning contexts promoting syntactic extension of children with a primary language disorder? At school, children undergo several different learning everyday contexts where oral expression is used. In this study, interventions with complex discussions were realized in a developmental approach promoting children’s literature with a preschooler who has a primary language disorder. Four contexts were carried out on a daily basis over 12 weeks: interactive reading, gameboard, symbolic play and invented storytelling dictated to an adult. Among a total of 160 videos taken from these interventions, a video of each of these contexts was selected. After the integral transcription of these videos, a selection of 841 spontaneous and natural phrases uttered by the child was taken from the verbatims. The goal was to identify the educational contexts promoting syntactic complexity in children with a primary language disorder. It is through the analysis of the oral syntactic complexity of a child with a primary language disorder across different educational contexts that a comparison of syntactic productions according to the various educational contexts was drawn. The results show that it is during interactive reading that the child has complexified the most of his syntactic structures, which demonstrates that decontextualized narration is one of the best contexts to allow syntactic extension and complexity in children with a primary language disorder. The results of the present study also confirm that the child demonstrates a large zone of proximal development with regard to his syntactic capacities. Teachers are thus invited to offer complex and adapted interventions that will support the child in his language structure. Finally, this research has corroborated a developmental evolution in the complexity of complex sentence structures.
Agudelo, Zambrano William Mauricio. "Imagerie sismique quantitative de la marge convergente d'Equateur-Colombie : application des méthodes tomographiques aux données de sismique réflexion multitrace et réfraction-réflexion grand-angle des campagnes SISTEUR et SALIERI." Paris 6, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010415.
Full textPelletier, Marie-Ève. "Préparation scolaire des enfants issus de familles à faible revenu : élaboration et évaluation des retombées d'un programme ludique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24665/24665.pdf.
Full textJay, Jean-Bernard. "L’activité du sujet-scripteur de fiction, axe d’une didactique de l’écriture littéraire." Rennes 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN20055.
Full textThis research articulates itself on an epistemological analysis of the teaching and learning of writing, showing the limits of successive approaches and the evolution of prior preoccupations in order to bring about the concept of subject-writer as an axis of a socio-constructivist learning of literary writing. The subject-writer works then on the construction of an intentionality which imposes itself as a relevant framework making it possible to overcome the didactic alternatives between fiction writing or literary writing. The implementation of this intentionality builds on the activity of children’s « spontaneous » writing. The research focuses on pupils aged from 9 to 11 being in the last two classes of elementary education. A mapping of their metawriting potentialities is set up in order to consider their function in the learning of literary writing. The processes of text invention in situations of production are based on storytelling as a tool for fictionalization. For a child inventing a text is similar to a do-it-yourself activity : it starts with the exploration of the mental library and goes on with the work on materials extracted by three operations named configuration operations : sequential configuration (or plot development), poetic configuration (use of a genre’s imagery), rhetoric configuration (effects on the reader). At last the extensions of this knowledge are considered as ways to enable the subject to have a better control of his processes and the construction of a subjectivity (personal relationship to writing, «esthetic » approach ». ) The teacher's role consists in launching and accompanying the process, as in the construction of anexpertise. Children's literature represents a training field for the subject-writer by helping him to analyze and solve the problems ccurring in its own steps
Thibault, Magalie. "L'écoute de la musique classique comme moyen de favoriser l'expression orale chez l'enfant d'âge préscolaire (4-5 ans)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35466.
Full textIn recent years, many studies have focused on music, especially the influence that it can bring in some areas. Thus, recent scientific work in education and psychology show the importance of learning music in the development of young children (McPherson, 2005; Hallam, Cross and Thaut, 2008). Music engages the whole brain across a variety of perceptual and cognitive operations. (Altenmuller, 2003). Moreover, according to the latest research, studies indicate that many musical skills emerge and consolidate during the first years of life, particularly between the ages of four to six (Gordon, 2003; Ilari, 2002; Radocy et Boyle, 2003). Musical listening seems to favor cognitive and more specifically language development (Kraus et al., 2014). This qualitative study forges the links between music and language. It aims to explore the extent to which listening to music in preschool children can promote their oral expression. It focuses on the analysis of listening to classical music during playful moments of ten children aged four and five, and more particularly on talks, to examine whether music influences oral expression in these children. The analysis of the results highlights that most participants became more sensitive to listening to music and that some of their behaviors and gestures followed the rhythm of the songs. In addition, the results also indicate that several of the group's participants improved their speaking skills and that this seemed to be influenced by musical listening.