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Books on the topic 'Methodological limits'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Mayorova, Elena. Judicial-ecological examination. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1031595.

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The manual includes a modern interpretation of the concept of judicial expertise, and the theoretical basis of forensic and ecological examination, containing a description of its subject, the definition of the scope of the tasks and the objects of expert research. Considered in detail the procedural and organisational issues of appointment and production of forensic-ecological expertise, order of registration of the conclusion outlined the limits of its use in the process of proof. Presents current methodological and conceptual apparatus of the system of examination of this kind, the problems

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Peshkova, (Belogorceva), Svetlana Miroshnik, Sergey Zapol'skiy, et al. Sources and forms of law in modern financial and legal science. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1898398.

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The monograph is devoted to the most urgent problems of the theory of sources and forms of financial law that require a new understanding in modern legal reality. The work was prepared by well-known scientists in the field of financial law science. Special attention is paid to the content and limits of constitutional regulation of financial legal relations, constitutional norm control, the history of the formation of forms and sources of financial law, methodologically significant categories of financial law. The problems of establishing legal institutions and sub—branches of finan

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Seignobos, Robin, and Alexandros Tsakos, eds. Dotawo: A Journal of Nubian Studies 4: Place Names and Place Naming in Nubia. punctum books, 2017. https://doi.org/10.21983/p3.0184.1.00.

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Dotawo: A Journal of Nubian Studies offers a platform in which the old meets the new, in which archaeological, papyrological, and philological research into Meroitic, Old Nubian, Coptic, Greek, and Arabic sources confront current investigations in modern anthropology and ethnography, Nilo-Saharan linguistics, and critical and theoretical approaches present in post-colonial and African studies. Dotawo gives a common home to the past, present, and future of one of the richest areas of research in African studies. It offers a crossroads where papyrus can meet internet, scribes meet critical think

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Boland, Lawrence A. Limits of equilibrium methodology. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190274320.003.0008.

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This chapter uses a dialogue between an ‘inquisitive student’ and an ‘economics teacher’ to expose a fundamental problem with how economics is taught at the introductory level. It illustrates the need to address the questions of equilibrium stability (does an equilibrium return if disturbed) and methodological individualism (the requirement that in an explanation of social events, ‘things don’t decide; only people do’). It also illustrates the inadequacy of what is taught in beginning economics classes. Specifically, if one has to assume the presence of an equilibrium to make any policy point,

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Gottfredson, Michael, and Travis Hirschi. Modern Control Theory and the Limits of Criminal Justice. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190069797.001.0001.

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Modern Control Theory and the Limits of Criminal Justice updates and extends the authors’ classic general theory of crime (sometimes referred to as “self-control theory”). In Part I, contemporary evidence about the theory is summarized. Research from criminology, psychology, economics, education, and public health substantially supports the lifelong influence of self control as a significant cause of problem behaviors, including delinquency and crime, substance abuse, school problems, many forms of accidents, employment instability, and many poor health outcomes. Contemporary evidence is suppo

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Ran, Hirschl. 4 From Comparative Constitutional Law to Comparative Constitutional Studies. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198714514.003.0005.

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The chapter argues for an interdisciplinary approach to comparative constitutional inquiry that is methodologically and substantively preferable to doctrinal accounts. It suggests that for historical, analytical, and methodological reasons, maintaining the disciplinary divide between comparative constitutional law and other closely related disciplines that study various aspects of the same constitutional phenomena, artificially and unnecessarily limits our horizons and restricts the questions asked as well as the answers provided. Traditional disciplinary boundaries, both substantive and metho

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Boland, Lawrence A. Building models of price dynamics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190274320.003.0014.

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This chapter introduces Part III of the book, addressing methodological issues involved in overcoming the limitations of equilibrium models discussed earlier. This chapter returns to the beginning with Arrow’s 1959 article and explores the need for an equilibrium model to explain the process whereby prices are adjusted to reach the equilibrium, and explores whether the approach of that article can overcome the limits of equilibrium models. It discusses exogenous convergence to equilibrium with forced learning and endogenous convergence to equilibrium with autonomous learning. It considers whet

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Boland, Lawrence A. Recognizing knowledge and learning in equilibrium models. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190274320.003.0007.

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This chapter introduces Part II, discussing the limits of equilibrium models. This chapter discusses how the recognition of time and information within models results in the need to deal with expectations explicitly. This leads to the problem of explaining nature of a decision maker’s knowledge – is it quantity-based or quality based. That is, is knowledge like wealth or like health. The chapter also provides a discussion of the main property that every neoclassical equilibrium must provide. Specifically, an equilibrium model’s explanation of economic events must not violate methodological ind

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Symons, John. Brute Facts about Emergence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758600.003.0010.

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This chapter explores the relationship between the concept of emergence, the goal of theoretical completeness, and the Principle of Sufficient Reason. Samuel Alexander and C. D. Broad argued for limits to the power of scientific explanation. Chemical explanation played a central role in their thinking. After Schrödinger’s work in the 1920s their examples seem to fall flat. However, there are more general lessons from the emergentists that need to be explored. There are cases where we know that explanation of some phenomenon is impossible. What are the implications of known limits to the explan

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Frank, David M. Making Uncertainties Explicit. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190467715.003.0005.

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According to Richard Jeffrey’s value-free ideal, scientists should avoid making value judgments about inductive risks by offering explicit representations of scientific uncertainty to decision-makers, who can use these to make decisions according to their own values. Some philosophers have responded by arguing that higher-order inductive risks arise in the process of producing representations of uncertainty. This chapter explores this line of argument and its limits, arguing that the Jeffreyan value-free ideal is achievable in contexts where methodological decisions introduce minimal higher-or

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Boland, Lawrence A. Building models of non-clearing markets. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190274320.003.0015.

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This chapter examines the extent to which Keynesian models can overcome the limits of equilibrium models without violating the methodological individualism that is required in all neoclassical equilibrium models. This chapter discusses an approach that involves a generalized version of Keynesian liquidity preference due to John Hicks. It goes beyond financial liquidity by recognizing the possible desirability of deliberate excess capacity. The generalized version involves endogenously deliberate disequilibria during which participants with incomplete knowledge of the market’s future are unders

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Anker, Elizabeth S., and Bernadette Meyler. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190456368.003.0001.

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While law and literature represents one of the most enduring sites of interdisciplinary inquiry, the field has recently expanded in a wide range of exciting new directions. Since its inception, law and literature has inspired taxonomies of the field, and the Introduction evaluates the limits and merits of those existing categorical schemes. It assesses frequent critiques of law and literature, while developing a framework for conceptualizing the many methodological and other innovations transforming the field. In particular, it emphasizes five new directions, considering the influence of histo

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Nyman, Jonna. Introducing the Energy Security Paradox. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820444.003.0001.

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Chapter 1 introduces the book. It begins by outlining the puzzle through a discussion of existing debates on energy security and their limits, emphasizing the importance of considering what it means to understand energy as a security issue. It places this discussion in the contemporary geological context of the Anthropocene, to illustrate the importance of asking these kinds of ‘bigger picture’ questions. It then develops the framework of the energy security paradox to highlight the broader, overlooked consequences of contemporary energy security politics. It then outlines the methodological s

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Seitz, David W., ed. Quiet Defiance. Lexington Books, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781978748194.

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Quiet Defiance: The Rhetoric of Silent Protest focuses on the rhetorical dimensions and power of silent protest. Bridging the gap between the study of protest and the study of rhetorical silence (strategic silence meant to communicate to and influence an audience), this book is the first of its kind to concentrate solely on the phenomenon and tradition of silent protest. The contributors to this volume hail from different cultures, disciplines, and fields. They examine past and present-day cases of silent protest with different research questions and paradigmatic perspectives in mind and metho

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Forlenza, Rosario. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817444.003.0001.

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The Introduction presents an outline of the book, its sources and empirical material, and its theoretical and methodological approach, which rests on the key concept of meaning formation in liminality. Following the social and cultural anthropology of Arnold van Gennep and Victor Turner, liminality refers to a period of transition during which the normal limits to thought, self-understanding, and behavior are relaxed, opening the way to novelty and imagination and generating new meanings, ideas, and consciousness. Lived experiences in liminal times generate horizons of expectations, beliefs, a

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Deluermoz, Quentin, and Pierre Singaravelou. A Past of Possibilities. Translated by Stephen W. Sawyer. Yale University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300227543.001.0001.

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What if history, as we know it, had run another course? Touching on alternate histories of the future and the past, or uchronias, this book encourages deeper consideration of watershed moments in the course of history. Wide-ranging in scope, it examines the Boxer Rebellion in China, the 1848 revolution in France, and the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914, and integrates science fiction, history, historiography, sociology, anthropology, and film. In probing the genre of literature and history that is fascinated with hypotheticals surrounding key points in history, the book reach

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Roberts, Anthea. Project Design. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190696412.003.0002.

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This chapter introduces some of the study’s main concepts. It situates this study within a growing body of comparative international law scholarship and describes how international law should be understood as a transnational legal field, drawing on concepts from sociology. It explains why the study focuses on academics and textbooks, and examines “elite” law schools from the five permanent members of the Security Council, along with what these approaches highlight and obscure. It introduces concepts that are important for the study, including: nationalizing, denationalizing, and westernizing i

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Hemerijck, Anton. The Uses of Affordable Social Investment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790488.003.0035.

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The final chapter concludes with five contemporary ‘uses’ of social investment, in full recognition of limits underscored by critics. The first ‘use’ of social investment therefore concerns its ‘paradigmatic’ bearings. To what extent does social investment represent a distinct policy paradigm for twenty-first-century welfare capitalism? A second ‘use’ relates to paradigm change, in the sense of theoretical progress inspiring interdisciplinary methodological innovation, in particular with respect to the empirical assessment of well-being ‘returns’ on social investment. The third more practical

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Lorino, Philippe. Habits. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198753216.003.0003.

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This chapter presents a brief historical survey of action theorizing in organization research. Although central in the life of organizations, situated action has gradually been set aside by the mainstream of management and organization research as a theoretical object and a managerial issue, and replaced by the paradigm of information processing. The chapter illustrates the paradigm’s limits with two short case studies, setting out the pragmatist theory of action and its fundamental concept of “habit.” For pragmatists, meaningful action is the only way for human beings to be present in the wor

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20

Al-Sharmani, Mulki. Islamic Feminism. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350266438.

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Mulki Al-Sharmani undertakes a close textual analysis of the hermeneutics of selected Islamic feminism scholars as they engage with the Qur’an, Hadith, and different textual genres in Islamic interpretive tradition.She focuses on the relevant works of nine prominent scholars located in North America, Egypt, Morocco, and South Africa. Bringing their works into conversation with one another, Islamic Feminism critically examines the epistemological and methodological contributions and challenges of these scholars. Al-Sharmani shows how these scholars’ engagements with the question of gender also

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CDC's National Immunization Survey: Methodological problems limit survey's utility : report to the Honorable Dale Bumpers, U.S. Senate. U.S. General Accounting Office, 1996.

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22

Fawcett, Paul, Matthew Flinders, Colin Hay, and Matthew Wood, eds. Anti-Politics, Depoliticization, and Governance. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198748977.001.0001.

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There is a growing body of evidence pointing towards rising levels of public dissatisfaction with the formal political process. Depoliticization refers to a more discrete range of contemporary strategies politicians employ that tend to remove or displace the potential for choice, collective agency, and deliberation. This book examines the relationship between these trends of dissatisfaction and displacement, as understood within the broader shift towards governance. It brings together a number of contributions from scholars who have a varied range of concerns but who nevertheless share a commo

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Boynton, Eric, and Peter Capretto, eds. Trauma and Transcendence. Fordham University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823280261.001.0001.

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Within the humanities, specifically in the past decade, trauma theory has become a robust site of interdisciplinary work. Trauma resonates with scholars in and across disciplines and has become a trope with a distinctive significance. The scope of scholarship on trauma has always been challenged by the temporal, affective, and corporeal dimensions of trauma itself, yet it has recently been rendered all the more complex by theoretical and methodological issues that have emerged for these disciplines in their attempts to think trauma. This volume gathers scholars in a variety of disciplines to m

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Davies, Philip John Victor. Standing Among the Spartans. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350171664.

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Conformity, uniformity, institutionality, exceptionality – each of these terms encapsulates an aspect of the common perception of Sparta, both among scholars and in the popular imagination. This volume seeks to interrogate how rightly we may apply these terms to the Spartan citizen community in the classical period (approximately 500-350 BC) and reveals a much greater level of differentiation within this social group than is often assumed. Drawing upon recent scholarship on Sparta, theoretical and methodological discussions from within the wider fields of classical studies and ancient history,

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Krauss, Alexander. Science of Science. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780198937401.001.0001.

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Abstract How do we drive new knowledge and science? What are their present boundaries? And how can we improve science? We still do not understand these essential questions about science well, even though science is at the foundation of modern society. The field of science of science can provide answers to these foundational questions. The central challenge of the field is integrating the different empirical and theoretical knowledge across disciplines into a holistic field and uncovering the general mechanism driving science across fields. This is the first book to offer an integrated framewor

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Porfírio, Luciana Cristina, and Iara Santana dos Santos. Ensinando com tecnologias digitais nos primeiros anos escolares. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-426-5.

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The study sought to investigate the limits and possibilities of the use of TDIC as pedagogical resources for the teaching and learning process in the early years of elementary school from a broad literature focused on its use as a tool for teaching work in which the importance of using TDIC in the early years of elementary school and in the initial and continuing training of teachers. To this end, the methodology used in the research were bibliographic sources of qualitative nature from the socialhistorical cultural perspective, i.e., one that seeks to understand a given phenomenon from a give

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Breilh, Jaime. Critical Epidemiology and the People's Health. Edited by Nancy Krieger. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190492786.001.0001.

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This book provides a groundbreaking approach to critical epidemiology for understanding the complexity of the health process and studying the social determination of health. It presents a powerful critique of Cartesian health sciences; the flaws of the “functional health determinants” model; and reductionist approaches to health statistics, qualitative research, and conventional health geography. It is a consolidated and well-sustained text that explains the role of social–gender–ethnic relations in the reproduction of health inequity, proposing a new paradigm with indispensible concepts and m

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Sherwood, Yvonne, ed. The Bible and Feminism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198722618.001.0001.

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This groundbreaking book breaks with established canons and resists some of the stereotypes of feminist biblical studies. A wide range of contributors—from the Netherlands, Germany, Norway, East Africa, South Africa, Argentina, Israel, Hong Kong, the US, the UK, and Iran—showcase new methodological and theoretical movements such as feminist materialisms; intersectionality; postidentitarian ?nomadic? politics; gender archaeology; lived religion; and theories of the human and the posthuman. They engage a range of social and political issues, including migration and xenophobia; divorce and family

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Browning, Christopher S., Pertti Joenniemi, and Brent J. Steele. Vicarious Identity in International Relations. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197526385.001.0001.

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This book theorizes and problematizes the politics of vicarious identity in international relations, where vicarious identity refers to processes of “living through the other.” While prevalent and recognized in family and social settings, the presence and significance of vicarious identification in international relations has been overlooked. Vicarious identification offers the prospect of bolstering narratives of self-identity and appropriating a sense of reflected glory and enhanced self-esteem, but insofar as it may mask and be a response to emergent anxieties, inadequacies, and weaknesses

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Gerritsen, Anne, and Giorgio Riello, eds. Writing Material Culture History. 2nd ed. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350105256.

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Writing Material Culture History examines the methodologies currently used in the historical study of material culture. Touching on archaeology, anthropology, art history and literary studies, the book provides history students with a fundamental understanding of the relationship between artefacts and historical narratives. The role of museums, the impact of the digital age and the representations of objects in public history are just some of the issues addressed in a book that brings together distinguished scholars from around the world. This new edition includes: * A new wide-ranging introdu

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Roberts, Robert C. Emotions Research and Religious Experience. Edited by John Corrigan. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195170214.003.0028.

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Inquiry aims at information, understanding, and insight. Research is inquiry that is methodologically self-conscious, systematic, and sustained, and focused on particular well-formulated questions. As such, research strategies are highly specific to subject matter. This article clarifies the concept of research into religious emotions and presents examples that illustrate the ways religious emotions can be investigated. It proposes a conception of research in this field and comments on the value and limits of the various kinds of research and their relations to one another. In addition to emot

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Cumming, Sean, and Chris Riddoch. Physical activity, physical fitness, and health: current concepts. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199232482.003.0024.

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Despite the widespread acceptance that physical activity is generally beneficial for children’s health and improvements in the quantity and quality of evidence supporting this position, our understanding remains limited. Methodological and conceptual discrepancies still exist, including a lack of clear consensus in how to define and assess physical activity in children, a limited consideration of concurrent factors such as growth and maturation, and a general failure to address the potential interactions of biological, psychological, and social variables. As such, Chapter 24 attemps to distil

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McLevey, John, Allyson Stokes, and Amelia Howard. Bourdieu’s Uneven Influence on Anglophone Canadian Sociology. Edited by Thomas Medvetz and Jeffrey J. Sallaz. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199357192.013.4.

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Pierre Bourdieu is one of the most influential and widely cited figures in anglophone Canadian sociology. Since the first decade of the twenty-first century, in particular, his theories have guided research in areas such as the sociology of culture, education, social theory, social networks, and social capital. This chapter presents a content analysis of journal articles to better understand Bourdieu’s influence on anglophone Canadian sociology. Many citations to Bourdieu are ritualistic and occasionally are characterized by misreadings. Furthermore, interpretations and applications of Bourdie

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Sapiro, Gisèle. Field Theory from a Transnational Perspective. Edited by Thomas Medvetz and Jeffrey J. Sallaz. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199357192.013.7.

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This chapter provides a new reading of field theory from a transnational perspective in light of the criticism taking issue with its alleged “methodological nationalism.” The field is an abstract concept that allows for the methodological autonomization of a space of activity defined in relational terms, provided that this autonomization is historically and sociologically grounded. As a result, fields are not necessarily limited to the perimeters of the nation-state. After reviewing the process of differentiation of fields and the phenomena of dependence and embeddedness, the chapter addresses

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Schneider, Tsim D., and Lee M. Panich, eds. Archaeologies of Indigenous Presence. University Press of Florida, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813069159.001.0001.

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Archaeologies of Indigenous Presence advances new perspectives on the archaeology of colonialism in North America. Chapters prepared by archaeologists, tribal scholars, and heritage managers re-evaluate the theoretical and methodological approaches that have served to limit ways of seeing and understanding the persistence of Indigenous communities in the wake of Euroamerican contact and colonization. Perspectives from multiple regions of the continent critically evaluate the often taken-for-granted recording practices, interpretation, chronology building, and other cornerstones of Americanist

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Sydow, Jörg, Arnold Windeler, Gordon Müller-Seitz, and Knut Lange. Path constitution analysis. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796978.003.0013.

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Jörg Sydow, Arnold Windeler, Gordon Müller-Seitz, and Knut Lange develop an unconventional analytic approach called path constitution analysis (PCA). This integrates the concepts of path dependence and path creation, which have attracted limited methodological attention although they are widely applied for explanatory purposes. Path dependence in particular highlights the role of small triggering events and self-reinforcing processes, leading to unintentional lock-in as one outcome gains momentum. Path dependence emphasizes the role of history and context, while path creation in contrast empha

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Thompson, Amanda L., and Molly A. Gardner. Gender Considerations in Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer (DRAFT). Edited by Youngmee Kim and Matthew J. Loscalzo. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190462253.003.0009.

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Literature on adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer has largely focused on the biopsychosocial challenges of this developmental period, with limited attention paid to the role of gender or to gender differences in adjustment and outcomes. Differences have been found in the self-reported needs of AYA patients both during and after treatment, as well as in the information received regarding fertility preservation, psychological distress, positive growth, and benefit-finding and the role of social support in adjustment. Methodological limitations, however, impact our ability to draw robu

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Segraves, R. Taylor. Pharmacotherapy and Psychotherapy for Sexual Dysfunctions. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780199342211.003.0022.

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Well-controlled, double-blind, multisite investigations have demonstrated the efficacy of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for the treatment of erectile problems of mixed etiologies. A large number of studies affirm that serotonergic antidepressants delay ejaculation in men with premature ejaculation. Similarly, studies have demonstrated the efficacy of transdermal testosterone therapy in restoring sexual function in women after oophorectomy. There is suggestive evidence of the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of sexual dysfunction in both sexes. However, the number

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Mendes-Flohr, Paul. Jewish Philosophy and Theology. Edited by Martin Goodman. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199280322.013.0030.

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The academic study of Jewish philosophy and theology is bedevilled by definitional and methodological ambiguities. There are scholars who hold that the very concept of Jewish philosophy is dubious. For if by its nature philosophy addresses universal truth-claims, then it cannot be modified by any delimiting national, ethnic, or religious attribute. The multivalent character of the concept of Jewish thought, designed to complement the rather circumscribed notion of Jewish philosophy, eventually led to the establishment at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem of two separate but parallel departmen

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Hardy, Bruce W. Candidate Traits and Political Choice. Edited by Kate Kenski and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199793471.013.017.

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What role do presidential candidate character traits play in vote decisions? To some, the answer is obvious as campaigns, journalists, pundits, and voters frequently differentiate presidential candidates in terms of their personal qualities—traits are deemed important. On the other hand, past research suggests that, while candidate character traits are short term forces, they hold relatively limited in influence on vote preference. However, theoretical and methodological limitations may have hindered past research ability to detect the true influence of character traits in voter decisions. Thi

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Hardy, Bruce W. Candidate Traits and Political Choice. Edited by Kate Kenski and Kathleen Hall Jamieson. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199793471.013.017_update_001.

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What role do presidential candidate character traits play in vote decisions? To some, the answer is obvious as campaigns, journalists, pundits, and voters frequently differentiate presidential candidates in terms of their personal qualities—traits are deemed important. On the other hand, past research suggests that, while candidate character traits are short term forces, they hold relatively limited in influence on vote preference. However, theoretical and methodological limitations may have hindered past research ability to detect the true influence of character traits in voter decisions. Thi

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42

Epstein, Lee, and Jack Knight. The Economic Analysis of Judicial Behavior. Edited by Lee Epstein and Stefanie A. Lindquist. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579891.013.24.

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In the analysis of judicial behavior, “economics” has multiple meanings. Some studies emphasize the economic consequences of judicial decisions while others employ the concepts and tools of economic analysis to explain those decisions. Here we focus on studies proceeding from the assumption of rationality (regardless of their methodological approach). Even with this limited focus, the range of substantive topics is impressive. There are many ways to splice and dice them but six stand out: (1) the judge: motivations, careers and performance; (2) selection and retention of judges; (3) opinions a

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Lally, John, and James H. MacCabe. Epidemiology, impact, and predictors of treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198828761.003.0004.

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Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is a disabling psychotic disorder that affects approximately 30% of those diagnosed with schizophrenia. In a significant proportion (about 70%) of patients with TRS, their illness is treatment-resistant from onset (early or primary treatment resistance), whilst, in the remainder, treatment resistance develops during the course of illness (late or secondary treatment resistance). TRS is associated with reduced quality of life and increased social and economic burden. Multiple sociodemographic, clinical, and biological risk factors have been assessed in re

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Balanzá-Martínez, Vicent, Sofia Brissos, Maria Lacruz, and Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos. Pharmacotherapy of bipolar disorder: impact on neurocognition. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198748625.003.0025.

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Neurocognitive dysfunction is a core feature of bipolar disorder (BD), which may be further compounded by several clinical factors, such as medications. There is growing interest on the potential impact of pharmacotherapy (lithium, anticonvulsants, antipsychotics, and other) on neurocognition. This chapter summarizes a critical, descriptive update of the literature, mostly focused on human data. Based on current studies, medication-associated neurocognitive side effects cannot be clearly distinguished from those intrinsic to BD. Moreover, available research is limited by several methodological

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Macauley, Robert C. Research in Palliative Care (DRAFT). Edited by Robert C. Macauley. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199313945.003.0017.

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There exists a dearth of empirical research in palliative care, both due to limited funding and also methodological hurdles. Some have questioned the appropriateness of doing research with palliative care patients, based on the vulnerability caused by the nature of their illness. But despite this added vulnerability, such patients may well be able to offer informed consent, and without quality research the field will not grow in its ability to provide optimal care to patients. Researchers also need to identify reliable and valid metrics for quality care, which can be challenging given the subj

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Jordash, Wayne. The Role of Advocates in Developing International Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190272654.003.0027.

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As this chapter explains, legal scholars occupy a uniquely educative place in the international arena. Some, such as William Schabas, have extended their scholarship into the courtroom as international adjudicative mechanisms have expanded their reach. Not only are these new and proliferating judicial mechanisms involved in the making (and not only the clarification) of the law, but advocates who appear before them are freed from methodological strictures that might otherwise limit their action and ability to argue for normative change. This intellectual freedom to use the law but look beyond

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Ahram, Ariel I., Patrick Köllner, and Rudra Sil, eds. Advancing Comparative Area Studies. Oxford University PressNew York, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197809365.001.0001.

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Abstract In a previous volume, Comparative Area Studies (Oxford University Press, 2018), the editors laid out the distinctive features and value-added of “comparative area studies” (CAS) against the backdrop of ongoing methodological debates in the social sciences. Since that time, more researchers have been keen to employ CAS to frame their own research, while others have raised new questions about the epistemological flexibility of CAS and about the organizational challenges that could limit further extensions of CAS. Advancing Comparative Area Studies tackles these issues while bringing in

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Petts, David. Christianity in Roman Britain. Edited by Martin Millett, Louise Revell, and Alison Moore. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199697731.013.036.

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Although there is limited evidence for pre-Constantinian Christianity in Roman Britain, it is clear that in the fourth century ad the early church became increasingly widespread, partly owing to the influence of the Roman state. The archaeological evidence for this includes personal items bearing potential Christian imagery, possible liturgical fonts or basins, church structures and putative Christian burial traditions. The wider relationship between Christianity and contemporary pagan religious traditions are explored, and this chapter reviews this surviving material evidence and draws out ev

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Boon-Kuo, Louise. Visible Policing Subjects and Low Visibility Policing. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814887.003.0007.

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This chapter argues that street-based migration policing in Australia is the site of two important dynamics in contemporary practices of racialization. It explores migration policing as a process that racializes the putatively race-neutral legal categories of citizenship and unlawful non-citizenship. Immigration status checks of both citizens and non-citizens reveal how assumptions about ethnicity have informed whether a person is stopped on the street, how investigations into identity and citizenship have been conducted, and whether a person is detained under immigration laws. This chapter al

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Cho, Wendy Tam, and Charles F. Manski. Cross‐Level/Ecological Inference. Edited by Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier, Henry E. Brady, and David Collier. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199286546.003.0024.

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This article reports the main methodological approaches to the statistical problem. It describes the fundamental indeterminacy of the problem. It also provides a framework that coherently binds the variety of approaches that have been proposed to address this problem. Then, an overview of these various approaches and their respective contributions are mentioned. The ecological inference problem within the literature of partial identification and the recent work generalizing the use of logical bounds on possible solutions as an identification region for the general r × c problem are explained.

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