To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Methodological way.
Books on the topic 'Methodological way'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 books for your research on the topic 'Methodological way.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse books on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Ksenz, Nikolay, Boris Cheba, and Igor' Yudaev. Electroactivation of media in agricultural technologies as a way to intensify production processes. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1154383.
Full textAbstract:
The monograph examines the scientific foundations, methodological approaches and applied aspects of the electroactivation of air and water solutions for their direct use in various technological processes of agricultural production. The results of numerous experimental studies of the authors and other researchers conducted over several years to substantiate the parameters and operating modes of electrotechnological installations for the electrical activation of various media are presented.
 It is intended for undergraduates, postgraduates, engineers and researchers who study and deal with issues of electrical technology, in particular, the development of electroactivators and the use of electroactivation processes in various areas of agricultural production and processing of agricultural products.
2
Acciarino, Damiano. Atlas of Renaissance Antiquarianism. Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-538-4.
Full textAbstract:
Renaissance antiquarianism can be defined as a cultural phenomenon that aims to interpret the past by cross-referencing heterogeneous sources accumulated and collected over time. This entailed the use of new investigative techniques which involved combining literary sources and material findings to provide a reliable foundation for the idea of history. The purpose of this Atlas of Renaissance Antiquarianism is to demonstrate how the antiquarian approach represented a methodological perspective capable to influence the way the past was viewed through a critical analysis of sources.
3
Privalov, Nikolay. The philosophy of the economy. Moral Economics. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1946203.
Full textAbstract:
The textbook systematically combines topical issues of methodological and philosophical foundations of economics, taking into account the achievements of classical political economy, the German historical school, institutionalism and non-economic disciplines (history, political science, sociology, cybernetics, biology, psychology, law, etc.). The main methodological principles of interdisciplinary communication are consistency, focus on achieving social balance and morality. The instruments of scientific research are adapted to the cultural traditions of Russia by taking into account the institutional factors affecting the economy. Russian Russian cosmism The concept of philosophy of economy presented in the textbook (philosophy of the third way, or moral and religious neo-institutionalism) is in line with the tradition of Russian existentialism (Russian cosmism). The traditions of the university textbook are complemented by elements of monographic research, in particular, on the creation of a new model of man — the "traditional man" (homo traditium). The paper attempts to return to the roots of classical economic theories — the works of ancient Greek authors, A. Smith, A. Marshall and others, who combined their scientific methodological principles with morality and other non-traditional disciplines for modern economic theory, for example biology. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is intended for students studying economics and anyone interested in the problems of the modern economy and Russia's place in world geopolitics.
4
Polyakova, Anna, Tat'yana Sergeeva, and Irina Kitaeva. The continuous formation of the stochastic culture of schoolchildren in the context of the digital transformation of general education. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1876368.
Full textAbstract:
The material presented in the monograph shows the possibilities of continuous teaching of mathematics at school, namely, the significant potential of modern information and communication technologies, with the help of which it is possible to form elements of stochastic culture among students. Continuity in learning is considered from two positions: procedural and educational-cognitive. In addition, a distinctive feature of the book is the presentation of the digital transformation of general education as a way to overcome the "new digital divide". Methodological features of promising digital technologies (within the framework of teaching students the elements of the probabilistic and statistical line) that contribute to overcoming the "new digital divide": artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, additive manufacturing, machine learning, blockchain, virtual and augmented reality are described.
 The solution of the main questions of probability theory and statistics in the 9th grade mathematics course is proposed to be carried out using a distance learning course built in the Moodle distance learning system. The content, structure and methodological features of the implementation of the stochastics course for students of grades 10-11 of a secondary school are based on the use of such tools in the educational process as an online calculator for plotting functions, the Wolfram Alpha service, Google Docs and Google Tables services, the Yaklass remote training, the Banktest website.<url>", interactive module "Galton Board", educational website "Mathematics at school".
 It will be interesting for students, undergraduates, postgraduates, mathematics teachers, as well as specialists improving their qualifications in the field of pedagogical education.
5
Schouten, Regina. The Anatomy of Justice. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780191999772.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This book develops a novel approach to theorizing liberal egalitarian justice. On the orthodox approach, a theory of justice comprises a set of normative principles to guide the design and workings of social institutions. The book argues that we should redirect the flow of theoretical attention to the values that normative principles aim to realize: We should aim for theory to provide evaluative discernment rather than normative principles. The term “values,” simply picks out the things that matter. Among the things that matter to egalitarians are civic relationships of a certain character and fair distributions of social goods. This redirection on its own is purely methodological: Those thinking about justice should take a longer look at what things matter—and what reasons those things furnish and how their mattering stacks up against the mattering of other things that matter—before they turn to the work of trying to systematize those answers in the form of principles for the design of political institutions. The book argues for that methodological reorientation in harness with a substantive way of filling it out with liberal egalitarian values. This proposed combination of schema and values, “the anatomy of justice,” comprises a modular approach to theorizing justice across circumstances of justice and deep injustice. The case for the anatomy of justice rests on what it can do: The anatomy resolves longstanding difficulties internal to liberal egalitarianism, provides unified but circumstance-responsive guidance for improving unjust societies, and supports compelling defenses of liberalism against feminist and egalitarian critics.
6
Florin, Bo, Patrick Vonderau, and Yvonne Zimmermann. Advertising and the Transformation of Screen Cultures. Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462989153.
Full textAbstract:
Advertising has played a central role in shaping the history of modern media. While often identified with American consumerism and the rise of the 'Information Society', motion picture advertising has been part of European visual culture since the late nineteenth century. With the global spread of ad agencies, moving image advertisements became a privileged cultural form to make people experience the qualities and uses of branded commodities, to articulate visions of a 'good life', and to incite social relationships. Abandoning a conventional delineation of fields by medium, country, or period, this book suggests a lateral view. It charts the audiovisual history of advertising by focussing on objects (products and services), screens (exhibition, programming, physical media), practices (production, marketing), and intermediaries (ad agencies). In this way, the book develops new historical, methodological, and theoretical perspectives.
7
On the way to individuality: Methodological issues in behavioral genetics. Nova Science Publishers, 1999.
Find full text
8
Subudhi, Rabi N., and Sumita Mishra. Methodological Issues in Management Research: Advances, Challenges and the Way Ahead. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2019.
Find full text
9
Subudhi, Rabi N., and Sumita Mishra, eds. Methodological Issues in Management Research: Advances, Challenges, and the Way Ahead. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/9781789739732.
Full text
10
Subudhi, Rabi N., and Sumita Mishra. Methodological Issues in Management Research: Advances, Challenges and the Way Ahead. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2019.
Find full text
11
Subudhi, Rabi N., and Sumita Mishra. Methodological Issues in Management Research: Advances, Challenges and the Way Ahead. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2019.
Find full text
12
(Editor), Michele C. Labuda, and Elena L. Grigorenko (Editor), eds. On the Way to Individuality: Current Methodological Issues in Behavioral Genetics. Nova Science Publishers, 1998.
Find full text
13
Batterman, Robert W. A Middle Way. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197568613.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This book focuses on a method for exploring, explaining, and understanding the behavior of large many-body systems. It describes an approach to non-equilibrium behavior that focuses on structures (represented by correlation functions) that characterize mesoscale properties of the systems. In other words, rather than a fully bottom-up approach, starting with the components at the atomic or molecular scale, the “hydrodynamic approach” aims to describe and account for continuum behaviors by largely ignoring details at the “fundamental” level. This methodological approach has its origins in Einstein’s work on Brownian motion. He gave what may be the first instance of “upscaling” to determine an effective (continuum) value for a material parameter—the viscosity. His method is of a kind with much work in the science of materials. This connection and the wide-ranging interdisciplinary nature of these methods are stressed. Einstein also provided the first expression of a fundamental theorem of statistical mechanics called the Fluctuation-Dissipation theorem. This theorem provides the primary justification for the hydrodynamic, mesoscale methodology. Philosophical consequences include an argument to the effect that mesoscale parameters can be the natural variables for characterizing many-body systems. Further, the book offers a new argument for why continuum theories (fluid mechanics and equations for the bending of beams) are still justified despite completely ignoring the fact that fluids and materials have lower scale structure. The book argues for a middle way between continuum theories and atomic theories. A proper understanding of those connections can be had when mesoscales are taken seriously.
14
Kaplan, Mark. Austin's Way with Skepticism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824855.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
J. L. Austin is famous for the extent to which he wrote as if it is a condition, on the adequacy of what we say while doing epistemology, that it accord faithfully with what we would say in ordinary circumstances. Most would use the term “infamous”. Not long after Austin’s death, there formed a durable consensus: Austin’s commitment to pursuing an epistemology that is faithful to “ordinary language” was fundamentally misguided—born of a failure properly to understand the nature of the epistemologist’s project. This book argues, however, that the consensus is mistaken—that both the condition of adequacy to which Austin was committed, and his reason for being committed to it, have been misunderstood by his critics. By looking carefully at the things Austin said about knowledge in “Other Minds,” examining the response to skeptical argument that these things provide, and taking seriously the methodological remarks Austin scattered in his corpus, the book shows that Austin’s way of pursuing epistemology was not born of a misunderstanding of the project of epistemology. It was born, rather, of a powerful critique of how that project has been conceived. But, as the book also shows, Austin was not against epistemological theorizing itself. On the contrary, Austin understood himself to be offering—and was, in fact, defending a way of doing epistemology that is fully capable of offering—substantive answers to important epistemological questions.
15
Underwood, Marion K., Samuel E. Ehrenreich, and Diana J. Meter. Methodological Approaches to Studying Relational Aggression. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190491826.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
Relational aggression hurts because it damages friendships and social status (Crick & Grotpeter, 1995). The subtlety of behaviors such as malicious gossip, social exclusion, and relationship manipulation poses serious challenges for researchers seeking to measure relational aggression in reliable and valid ways. This chapter will review the methods used to measure relational aggression: self-reports, parent reports, teacher reports, peer nominations and ratings, diary and experience-sampling methods, observational approaches, and innovative experimental methods. Advantages and disadvantages of each method will be discussed, and evidence for validity will be presented. The chapter will also highlight why choices about methods of measuring relational aggression matter by noting key research questions that are answered in different ways, depending on the method used. The chapter will conclude with a summary of where we stand in terms of evidence for validity and inter-rater agreement and will also offer suggestions for future research.
16
Tanggaard, Lene, and Svend Brinkmann. Methodological Implications of Imagination. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190468712.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
In this chapter, the authors focus on the methodological implications of imagination in scientific practice and move in two directions at the same time: they outline the methodological implications of using imagination as a research tool, and they address ways in which imagination can be studied in the human and social sciences. These are not unrelated because it might demand particular kinds of imagination to study imagination. The authors underline the importance of “stumbling data” as a kind of “food for thought” for the researcher. To stumble (metaphorically) is a condition for finding out new things about the social world. In the final part of the chapter, the authors suggest that researchers interested in using their own imagination as a research tool should, first, see themselves as farmers, metaphorically speaking, utilizing breaks and instances of stumbling, and, second, decide on heuristics and see mess as a gift.
17
Ruetsche, Laura. Physics and Method. Edited by Herman Cappelen, Tamar Szabó Gendler, and John Hawthorne. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199668779.013.21.
Full textAbstract:
This article deals with the methodologies used in philosophy of physics. It begins by considering some methodological inclinations at large in the community of philosophers of physics in order to convey some sense of the plethora of methodologies, self-conscious and otherwise, to be found at the interfaces of philosophy, mathematics, and physics. It then describes and defends a methodological inclination to understand and pursue the project of interpreting physical theories in a way that runs counter to a methodological disposition prevalent among philosophers of physics. This disposition is toward “Naturalism”: the view that the only respectable metaphysics is the metaphysics that makes the best sense of our best physics.
18
Stegenga, Jacob. Hollow Hunt for Harms. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747048.003.0009.
Full textAbstract:
Harms of medical interventions are systematically underestimated in clinical research. Numerous factors—conceptual, methodological, and social—contribute to this underestimation. This chapter articulates the depth of such underestimation by describing these factors at the various stages of clinical research. This includes the ways harms are operationalized in research, the way trials are designed such that they are sensitive to detecting possible benefits of interventions but insensitive to detecting harms, and the secrecy with which the resulting evidence is shrouded. The net effect of these conceptual, methodological, and social factors is that our available medical interventions appear to be safer than they truly are. Medical research is tuned to overestimate benefits and underestimate harms of medical interventions.
19
Boland, Lawrence A. Macroeconomic equilibrium model building and the stability problem. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190274320.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter will consider all major ways of avoiding the methodological questions facing the construction of any equilibrium model that attempts to address the need to explain an equilibrium’s ‘stability’. In this regard, the chapter discusses rational expectations in a microeconomic context followed by a discussion of macroeconomic equilibrium models. Consideration of rational expectations invokes various ideas about learning in macroeconomics. Building macroeconomic models is one of the three basic strategies of avoidance that will be critically examined. A second method involves stochasticism that relies of the use of ‘bounded rationality’, ‘Bayesian learning’, and ‘econometric learning’. The third way of avoiding the methodological questions is to invoke instrumentalism which involves the claim that equilibrium models serve only as instruments for forming policy, and can be judged only on their practical success, not on the logic underlying them.
20
Levy, Neil, ed. Methodological Conservatism and the Epistemic Condition. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779667.003.0014.
Full textAbstract:
The claim that agents are morally responsible for actions the wrongness of which they fail to be aware of only if they are responsible for their occurrent ignorance strikes many philosophers as unacceptable, because it is too revisionary: it entails that many of the everyday judgments that we are disposed to make are false. Agents satisfy these conditions too infrequently for our everyday judgments to be vindicated. These philosophers maintain that it is a theoretical virtue to preserve as many of our everyday judgments as possible. This chapter attempts to show that we ought not to strive to preserve as many of our everyday judgments about responsibility as we might think. It offers an error theory for why we are often disposed to judge that individuals are responsible when we are implicitly committed to thinking that they are not.
21
Schiff, Brian. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199332182.003.0011.
Full textAbstract:
The concluding chapter of A New Narrative for Psychology, reflects on the place of the narrative perspective in the discipline as a whole. It argues that although the methods of narrative psychology may not be wholly distinct from qualitative or mixed methods, the narrative perspective does present an integrated, theoretical, and methodological approach to the study of human meaning making and is specially suited, distinctly credible, to this pursuit. The chapter addresses the growing debate on unity in psychology in which some scholars have proposed unifying psychology through overarching theoretical structures or by imposing methodological discipline. By virtue of the way that narrative can deal with complexity, it can be a productive force for a more synthetic view of human psychology. In this regard, a narrative perspective can provide insight into human experience in a way that no other perspective can.
22
Virole, Louise, and Elise Ricadat. Combining interviews and drawings: methodological considerations. Ludomedia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.11.e545.
Full textAbstract:
Framework: In qualitative research, drawing on a blank sheet of paper during the interview is one of the tools in the researcher’s toolbox. This technique is increasingly used in social sciences, but is still rarely included in research on social support for the chronically ill. Goals and Methods: The objective of this paper is to analyze the advantages of an innovative research method that uses both drawings and semi-structured interviews to study support networks of chronically ill patients. This method was used to conduct a qualitative research on changes in chronically ill support networks in France during the lockdown period (March-May 2020). The study triangulates three types of sources: 1. From chronically ill patients' oral accounts of their experience of lockdown, collected during 32 semi-directive interviews; 2. From the chronically ill patients’ drawings of support networks they were asked to make by the end of the interviews; 3. From their oral description of the drawn elements. Results: The drawing technique has several advantages: i. the playful nature of the drawing facilitates the degree of adhesion and interest in the investigation process, ii. it leads to greater reflexivity on the part of the respondents, iii. triangulation of the data from the narratives and the network drawings brings to light some unexpected results: it highlighted which types of support are valued or invisibilized and revealed the important support role of non-humans during lockdown. Conclusions: The complementary use of drawings and narratives allows a more detailed and complex qualitative analysis. However, this method requires investigators to take special precautions before, during and after the field work.
23
VIROLE, Louise, and Elise RICADAT. Combining interviews and drawings: methodological considerations. Ludomedia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.11.2022.e545.
Full textAbstract:
Framework: In qualitative research, drawing on a blank sheet of paper during the interview is one of the tools in the researcher’s toolbox. This technique is increasingly used in social sciences, but is still rarely included in research on social support for the chronically ill. Goals and Methods: The objective of this paper is to analyze the advantages of an innovative research method that uses both drawings and semi-structured interviews to study support networks of chronically ill patients. This method was used to conduct a qualitative research on changes in chronically ill support networks in France during the lockdown period (March-May 2020). The study triangulates three types of sources: 1. From chronically ill patients' oral accounts of their experience of lockdown, collected during 32 semi-directive interviews; 2. From the chronically ill patients’ drawings of support networks they were asked to make by the end of the interviews; 3. From their oral description of the drawn elements. Results: The drawing technique has several advantages: i. the playful nature of the drawing facilitates the degree of adhesion and interest in the investigation process, ii. it leads to greater reflexivity on the part of the respondents, iii. triangulation of the data from the narratives and the network drawings brings to light some unexpected results: it highlighted which types of support are valued or invisibilized and revealed the important support role of non-humans during lockdown. Conclusions: The complementary use of drawings and narratives allows a more detailed and complex qualitative analysis. However, this method requires investigators to take special precautions before, during and after the field work.
24
Chow, Alexander. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808695.003.0009.
Full textAbstract:
By way of conclusion, this chapter steps back and teases out the broader significance of Chinese public theology to the growing discourse of public theology inside and outside China. It also examines the validity of the two methodological proposals of this book: generational shifts and Confucian imagination.
25
Brueggemann, Walter. Futures in Prophetic Studies. Edited by Carolyn J. Sharp. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199859559.013.36.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter, in a personal way, considers some methodological moves in this discipline beyond historical criticism, for example, post-critical reading, post-colonial interpretation, and reception history. The interest of the chapter, however, is the interpretive theological outcomes of such methods, and why the text continues to matter theologically in a culture of denial and despair. Clearly these newer methods allow for significant interpretive outcomes in a way that older historical critical practice could not. The author anticipates that in time to come, more courageous interpretation of prophetic texts will more readily make that move toward contemporaneity that the text seems always to anticipate.
26
Umbach, Gaby. Measuring (Global) Governance. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793342.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
The chapter questions how we can measure global governance. It critically examines existing approaches to the measurement of global governance. It pays particular attention to key conceptual and methodological concerns of the overall endeavour to quantify and/or qualify global governance. The chapter focuses on the measurement of global governance as a multidimensional paradigm of international political and institutional practice that, being not measurable per se, requires complex aggregations of indicators and statistical data to serve as proxies to capture its broad conceptual character. As constructed proxies they not only measure, but naturally also frame the reality they are set out to measure, partially in a rather prescriptive way. The chapter discusses the conceptual quality of governance and its related measurement tools; their relevance and use as well as key methodological issues involved in measuring governance, ‘good’ governance, and global governance.
27
Atkins, David C., and Brian R. Baucom. Emerging Methodological and Statistical Techniques in Couple Research. Edited by Erika Lawrence and Kieran T. Sullivan. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199783267.013.16.
Full textAbstract:
Rapid changes in technology are altering some of the basic ways in which we interact with our world, as seen in the evolution of the telephone to mobile phone to smart phone. These technological changes are ushering in new methods of data collection and analysis, which also open up new types of research questions and designs for couple researchers. This chapter reviews current and emerging methods for data acquisition and analysis in relationship science. Data acquisition methods include mobile technology and context-specific ecological momentary assessment, as well as behavioral signal-processing techniques to quantify such data. Analytic methods cover mixed models and actor–partner interdependence models, as well as a broad introduction to machine learning techniques that are appropriate for massive datasets.
28
Tkachenko, Olha. Searching for Identity: Personal Experiences and Methodological Reflections. Edited by Ayur Zhanaev. University of Warsaw Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323548157.
Full textAbstract:
This volume is dedicated to the International PhD Program “Searching for Identity: Global Challenges, Local Traditions,” organized at the Faculty of “Artes Liberales” of the University of Warsaw, in 2013–2018. The volume aims at showing identity as a processual concept, using the example of the researcher as a living personality. It thus corresponds with the general trend in the humanities and social sciences to pay attention to the researcher and the ways his or her personal background and experience influence the generation of knowledge. By introducing this topic, we would like to show completing a PhD, or any other research, as a dynamic process with a personal history of success and failure, as well as to demonstrate the impact of the “Searching for Identity” project.
29
Brown, David, Gordon Pentland, and Robert Crowcroft, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Modern British Political History, 1800-2000. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198714897.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
The two centuries after 1800 witnessed a series of sweeping changes in the way in which Britain was governed, the duties of the state, and its role in the wider world. Powerful processes—from the development of democracy to the changing nature of the social contract, war, and economic dislocation—have challenged, and at times threatened to overwhelm, both governors and governed. Such shifts have also posed problems for the historians who have researched and written about Britain’s past politics. This volume shows the ways in which political historians have responded, and provides a snapshot of a field which has long been at the forefront of conceptual and methodological innovation within historical studies. It comprises thirty-three thematic essays written by leading and emerging scholars in the field. Collectively, these essays assess and rethink the nature of modern British political history itself, and suggest avenues and questions for future research. The Oxford Handbook of Modern British Political History thus provides a unique resource for those who wish to understand Britain’s political past and a thought-provoking ‘long view’ for those interested in current political challenges.
30
Stiglitz, Joseph E., and Linda J. Bilmes. Estimating the Costs of War: Methodological Issues, with Applications to Iraq and Afghanistan. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195392777.013.0013.
Full text
31
Fielding, Steven. High Politics. Edited by David Brown, Gordon Pentland, and Robert Crowcroft. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198714897.013.22.
Full textAbstract:
A focus on the national institutions of the British state and the men who populated them was the first means by which many understood ‘political history’. This ‘high politics’ remains a popular way to understand the subject. Yet, ‘high politics’ has also been criticized by radical advocates of ‘history from below’ for its methodological and political conservatism. This chapter assesses the merits of focusing on Westminster, Whitehall, and its denizens by employing insights from political science, notably the notion of structure and agency as well as the literature associated with new institutionalism. The chapter also assesses the contribution of the ‘Peterhouse School’—one long reviled by many high-political historians as well as by historians of popular social movements—as a way of bridging the gap between the two methods of conceiving the dynamics of Britain’s modern political history.
32
Lorenz, Chris. History and Theory. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199225996.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
This introductory chapter assesses the role of theory in history and traces the developments in the discipline of history. Theoretical reflection about the ‘true nature’ of history fulfils three interrelated practical functions. First, theory legitimizes a specific historical practice—a specific way of ‘doing history’—as the best one from an epistemological and a methodological point of view. Second, theory sketches a specific programme of doing history. Third, theoretical reflections demarcate a specific way of ‘doing history’ from other ways of ‘doing history’, which are excluded or degraded. The chapter then considers three phases of theoretical changes from analytical to narrative philosophy of history, and then on to ‘history from below’ and the ‘presence’ of history, ultimately leading to the current return of fundamental ontological and normative questions concerning the status of history and history-writing.
33
Tir, Jaroslav, and Johannes Karreth. The Logic of Institutional Influence: Conceptual and Methodological Implications. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190699512.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter further probes the finding that countries belonging to a larger number of highly structured (IGOs) face a significantly lower risk that an emerging low-level armed conflict on their territories will escalate to full-scale civil war. Various empirical approaches show that the finding is robust. For example, we establish that the finding holds when we account for (a) the determinants of memberships in highly structured IGOs (i.e. endogeneity concerns); (b) mediations and interventions; (c) natural resources; (d) government-rebel relative power; and (e) spatial, temporal, and transnational trends. Further, (f) we isolate highly structured IGOs’ use of costs and benefits as the key drivers of our finding, (g) establish that nonescalated conflicts end in settlements, as opposed to one side simply defeating the other militarily, and (h) use Bayesian model averaging (BMA) to demonstrate the added value of accounting for highly structured IGO memberships in analyses of conflict escalation patterns.
34
Novaes, Daniel. Relações de ensino: Possibilidade de (trans)formação de um aluno com transtorno do espectro autista e seu professor. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-411-1.
Full textAbstract:
The study is based on the theoretical-methodological reference of the Historical-Cultural Perspective, in particular, in the studies of Vigotski that emphasize the beginning role of language for human development. About the children with disabilities, he considers that they develop a new way of understanding and relating, and for this reason, in dealing with them, the boundary barriers of disability (the insufficiencies) cannot be walls that prevent action of the teacher. This, in turn, needs to be attentive to the compensatory ways established in social relationship. Based on these ideas, this study considers that children with ASD have their development linked to favorable social conditions. Fieldwork was carried out in the second half of 2016, focusing on pedagogical activities developed between the student and the teacher-researcher. The situations were videotaped and registered in field diaries; the filming was transcribed in full, considering the body movements, expressions and gestures of the participants. In the course of fieldwork, the teacher-researcher reflects on his practice, changes the way he relates to the boy, and in this movement of exchanges and (re)constructions, the student also changes. The analysis reveals that the teacher-student relationship, mediated by the word, constituted as a space for (trans)formation, elaboration and development of both, student and teacher.
35
Media, Conflict and Peacebuilding in Africa: Conceptual and Methodological Considerations. Taylor & Francis Group, 2023.
Find full text
36
Miskowiak, Kamilla W., and Lars V. Kessing. Cognitive enhancement in bipolar disorder: current evidence and methodological considerations. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198748625.003.0026.
Full textAbstract:
Cognitive dysfunction is an emerging treatment target in bipolar disorder (BD). Numerous trials have assessed the efficacy of novel pharmacological and psychological treatments on cognition. Overall, the results are disappointing, possibly due to methodological challenges. A key issue is the lack of consensus on whether and how to screen for cognitive impairment and on how to assess efficacy. We suggest that screening for cognitive impairment is critical and should involve objective neuropsychological tests. We also recommend that the primary outcome is a composite of neuropsychological tests with socio-occupational function as co-primary or secondary outcome. Trials should include fully or partially remitted patients, ensure that concomitant medication is kept stable and that statistical methods include mixed models or similar ways to take account of missing values. Future treatment development should implement a ‘circuit-based’ neuroimaging biomarker model to examine neural target engagement. Interventions targeting multiple treatment modalities may also be beneficial.
37
Austin, Michael W. Philosophy, Theology, and Christian Virtue. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830221.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter contains a preliminary discussion of the importance and centrality of humility for the Christian moral life, and examines some initial ways of understanding the nature of this virtue, including a discussion of the biblical term tapeinophrosune. This word can be translated as humility or lowliness of mind. There are different ways of understanding the nature of humility, i.e., there is controversy over what it is and what it requires of those who seek to exemplify this trait. The main focus of the chapter is an explanation and defense of analytic moral theology, the methodological approach the book takes in its analysis of the moral virtue of humility. This chapter argues that analytic moral theology can help to clarify the nature of humility in a way that is conducive to moral and spiritual formation, if it is done with these ends in mind.
38
Taylor, Claire. Poverty and Penia. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786931.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter lays out the theoretical approach for the book and discusses the methodological problems of writing about poverty and the poor in the ancient world. Whilst studying the lives of the poor in the ancient world is to some extent elusive, it argues that historians can do more than simply imagine this group of people back into the gaps left by other evidence. As well as reviewing previous scholarship on poverty in the ancient world, it suggests a way forward which is more in line with contemporary poverty research within the social sciences.
39
Konijnendijk, Roel, and Manu Dal Borgo, eds. Economics of War in Ancient Greece. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350471818.
Full textAbstract:
In recent decades the study of the ancient economy and ancient warfare have both been transformed by ground-breaking new studies and methodological approaches. Offering a selection of cutting-edge research on the interlocked themes of economics and war, this edited volume explores how armed conflict affected markets and economic opportunities in ancient Greece. From the destruction of cities to the emergence of new fiscal institutions, war prompted massive changes to economic conditions throughout the ancient Mediterranean and beyond – some with lasting consequences for the organisation of states and armies. The contributors look beyond the old paradigms of finance and logistics, and broaden the discussion to address themes such as gender, literary culture and the Persian Empire. More specifically, they analyse how ancient rulers and states struggled to mobilise resources and what they did to tackle fiscal challenges to wage war more efficiently, thereby demonstrating how matters of war can be an invaluable source of information on the way ancient economies worked and developed. As a result, this book shows how the study of economic factors – too often neglected in works on ancient warfare – allows a deeper understanding of military cultures and events in ancient Greece.
40
Bryman, Alan, and David A. Buchanan, eds. Unconventional Methodology in Organization and Management Research. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796978.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This book describes twelve unconventional methodologies in organization and management research. These include unconventional research settings and data sources, unconventional research designs and data collection methods, unconventional analytic approaches, and designs and methods that exploit new technology developments. Our aim is to encourage dialogue and experimentation with regard to the development of innovative, unconventional approaches to organization and management research. Several commentators have criticized the way in which research methods have become more formulaic, and have argued for greater diversity in research approaches. The methodological perspective that we adopt also shapes our interpretation of the information that we gather. Different methods generate different kinds of information, leading to different ways of understanding the phenomena that we are investigating. Our methods influence our styles of theorizing, ways of thinking and reasoning, and forms of writing and reporting research. This book will be of value to academic researchers in organization and management studies, Doctoral candidates, and Masters students on MBA and similar programmes.
41
Strohminger, Margot, and Juhani Yli-Vakkuri. Moderate Modal Skepticism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198798705.003.0016.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines moderate modal skepticism, a form of skepticism about metaphysical modality defended by Peter van Inwagen in order to blunt the force of certain modal arguments in the philosophy of religion. Van Inwagen’s argument for moderate modal skepticism assumes Yablo’s (1993) influential world-based epistemology of possibility. This chapter raises two problems for this epistemology of possibility, which undermine van Inwagen’s argument. It then considers how one might motivate moderate modal skepticism by relying on a different epistemology of possibility, which does not face these problems: Williamson’s (2007) counterfactual-based epistemology. Two ways of motivating moderate modal skepticism within that framework are found unpromising. Nevertheless, the chapter also finds a way of vindicating an epistemological thesis that, while weaker than moderate modal skepticism, is strong enough to support the methodological moral van Inwagen wishes to draw.
42
Gray, Christa, Andrea Balbo, Richard M. A. Marshall, and Catherine E. W. Steel. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198788201.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
The introduction sets out the methodological issues that confront the study of fragments and testimonia pertaining to Republican oratory. It goes on to provide an overview of the early history of the transmission and reception of this evidence, with a particular focus on the way subsequent traditions may distort our understanding of the evidence. Following these surveys, an overview of the contents of the whole volume is provided. Within this overview, attention is also drawn to the thematic links that can be drawn between the individual chapters and the questions raised in each of the four sections of the collection.
43
Walsh, Denis M. Objectcy and Agency. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779636.003.0008.
Full textAbstract:
Organisms are like nothing else in the natural world. They are agents. Methodological vitalism is a view according to which the difference that organisms make to the natural world cannot be captured wholly if we treat them as mere objects. Understanding agency calls for a different kind of theory, an agent theory. Most of our scientific theories are object theories. The modern synthesis theory of evolution is a prominent example of object theory. Being the way it is, it cannot countenance the contribution to evolution that organisms make as agents. A comprehensive account of adaptive evolution requires an agent theory.
44
O'Donoghue, Cathal. Practical Microsimulation Modelling. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198852872.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this book is to bring together for the first time a description, with examples, of the main methods used in microsimulation modelling, used in the field of income-distribution analysis. The book provides a practical complement to the Handbook of Microsimulation Modelling, published in 2014. It is structured to develop and use the different types of models used in the field, with a focus on household-targeted policy. The book aims to fill a gap in the literature in providing a greater degree of codified knowledge through a practical guide to developing and using microsimulation models. At present, the training of researchers and analysts that use and develop microsimulation modelling is done on a relatively ad-hoc basis through occasional training programmes and lecture series, built around lecture notes. This book would enable a more formalized and organized approach. Each chapter addresses a separate modelling approach in a similar, consistent way, describing in practical terms the key methodological skills for each approach: · It provides some policy context to each modelling approach so as to understand the modelling choices made and structures developed. · As a very data-intensive modelling approach, each chapter describes key data analysis and data-preparation methods. · As a modelling approach that is used extensively for deciding policy, often involving huge budgets, validation is key. Each chapter describes an approach to validating the model. · Depending upon the policy context, the analysis is assessed in different ways. Each chapter contains a section devoted to measurement issues and tabulating output from the models. · Last, each chapter contains an example simulation of a policy analysis using the chapter’s methodological approach.
45
Gaston, Kara. Reading Chaucer in Time. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198852865.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Reading for form can mean reading for formation. Understanding processes through which a text was created can help us in characterizing its form. But what is involved in bringing a diachronic process to bear upon a synchronic work? When does literary formation begin and end? When does form happen? These questions emerge with urgency in the interactions between English poet Geoffrey Chaucer and Italian Trecento authors Dante Alighieri, Giovanni Boccaccio, and Francis Petrarch. In fourteenth-century Italy, new ways were emerging of configuring the relation between author and reader. Previously, medieval reading was often oriented around the significance of the text to the individual reader. In Italy, however, reading was beginning to be understood as a way of getting back to a work’s initial formation. This book tracks how concepts of reading developed within Italian texts, including Dante’s Vita nova, Boccaccio’s Filostrato and Teseida, and Petrarch’s Seniles, impress themselves upon Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde and Canterbury Tales. It argues that Chaucer’s poetry reveals the implications of reading for formation: above all, that it both depends upon and effaces the historical perspective and temporal experience of the individual reader. Problems raised within Chaucer’s poetry thus inform this book’s broader methodological argument: that there is no one moment at which the formation of Chaucer’s poetry ends; rather its form emerges in and through the process of reading within time.
46
Tullett, William. Smell in Eighteenth-Century England. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198844136.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
In England during the period between the 1670s and the 1820s a transformation took place in how smell and the senses were viewed. This book traces that transformation. The role of smell in creating medical and scientific knowledge came under intense scrutiny and the equation of smell with disease was actively questioned. Yet a new interest in smell’s emotive and idiosyncratic dimensions offered odours a new power in the sociable spaces of eighteenth-century England. Using a wide range of sources from diaries, letters, and sanitary records to satirical prints, consumer objects, and magazines, William Tullett traces how individuals and communities perceived the smells around them. From paint and perfume to onions and farts, this book highlights the smells that were good for eighteenth-century writers to think with. In doing so, the study challenges a popular, influential, and often cited narrative. Smell in Eighteenth-Century England is not a tale of the medicalization and deodorization of English olfactory culture. Instead, the book demonstrates that it was a new recognition of smell’s asocial-sociability, its capacity to create atmospheres of uncomfortable intimacy, that transformed the relationship between the senses and society. To trace this shift, the book also breaks new methodological ground. Smell in Eighteenth-Century England makes the case for new ways of thinking about the history of the senses, experience, and the body. Understanding the way past peoples perceived their world involves tracing processes of habituation, sensitization, and attention. These processes help explain which odours entered the archive and why they did so. They force us to recognise that the past was, for those who lived there, not just a place of unmitigated stench
47
Sakamoto, Tatsuya. Hume’s Philosophical Economics. Edited by Paul Russell. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199742844.013.20.
Full textAbstract:
Hume’s economic essays were part of his early project of politics as one of the principal departments of the Science of Man, a project realized, first, by the morals expounded in Book 3 of the Treatise; second, by the politics and criticism in Essays Moral and Political; and third, by economic and political essays in the Political Discourses. The author sheds new light on the way in which Hume’s economic theory was developed as an integral part of his grand philosophical project, one based on the theory of causal reasoning that served Hume’s theorizing throughout his social science in general and his economics in particular. A profound connection is shown between Hume’s philosophy and economics, mainly from a methodological point of view, by highlighting his theory of causation. The strictly philosophical nature and origin of Hume’s “economics” demonstrates the significant difference between his economic writings and those of his contemporaries.
48
Golub, Jonathan. Survival Analysis. Edited by Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier, Henry E. Brady, and David Collier. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199286546.003.0023.
Full textAbstract:
This article provides a discussion of survival analysis that presents another way to incorporate temporal information into analysis in ways that give advantages similar to those from using time series. It describes the main choices researchers face when conducting survival analysis and offers a set of methodological steps that should become standard practice. After introducing the basic terminology, it shows that there is little to lose and much to gain by employing Cox models instead of parametric models. Cox models are superior to parametric models in three main respects: they provide more reliable treatment of the baseline hazard and superior handling of the proportional hazards assumption, and they are the best for handling tied data. Moreover, the illusory benefits of parametric models are presented. The greater use of Cox models enables researchers to elicit more useful information from their data, and allows for more reliable substantive inferences about important political processes.
49
Gabbert, Fiona, and Rebecca Wheeler. Memory Conformity Following Collaborative Remembering. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198737865.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
Despite natural differences in the way individuals initially remember the same encoded event, research shows that when people discuss their memories they can influence each other such that their subsequent individual memory reports become similar. This phenomenon is referred to as “memory conformity.” It can occur because people accept, and later report, information that is suggested to them in the course of the discussion. In the interest of both theoretical and applied implications, researchers have investigated factors that can increase and decrease the memory conformity effect. This chapter presents methodological approaches to investigating memory conformity, typical research findings, and current theoretical explanations that help account for the phenomenon.
50
Canevaro, Lilah Grace. Introduction: The Proggy Mat. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826309.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Through an initial anecdote, the Introduction begins by demonstrating that people and things communicate with and through each other. The story offers a way in to issues that will be central to the book, such as authorship and tradition, representation and imagination, communication and the negotiation of agency. From it comes the hypothesis that the relationship between objects and agency is coloured, influenced, even constituted by gender roles. It then offers a chapter-by-chapter summary of the book and concludes with a set of methodological reflections that highlight the importance of a critical approach to the New Materialisms, and the advantages of their combination with Gender Theory.