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1
Kiel, L. Douglas. "The evolution of nonlinear dynamics in political science and public administration: Methods, modeling and momentum." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 5, no. 4 (2000): 265–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1026022600000571.
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This paper examines the evolution of the application of nonlinear dynamics and related methods to the study of political science and public administration throughout the 20th century. Some analysts understood the importance of nonlinearity to political and administrative studies in the early part of the century. More recently, a growing number of scholars understand that the political and administrative worlds are ripe with nonlinearity and thus amenable to nonlinear dynamical techniques and models. The current state of the application of both discrete and continuous time models in political science and public administration are presented. There is growing momentum in political and public administration studies that may serve to enhance the realism and applicability of these sciences to a nonlinear world.
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Baral, Uma Nath. "‘Research Data’ in Social Science Methods." Journal of Political Science 17 (February 6, 2017): 82–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jps.v17i0.20515.
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‘Research Data’ are facts, to be collected in fulfillment of the objectives of the research work. These are gathered through various means of scientific techniques and tools. They may be qualitative or quantitative or mixed form of these, depend more or less on the nature and types of research. We can get required data from primary as firsthand sources and secondary as external sources. There are various ways to collect data; the researcher can adopt the method of observation, interview, questionnaire survey, documentary and other techniques as per the research task and its limitation. Facts gathered through various sources and methods are treated as raw data. When they are refined and edited as per the requirement of research objectives, such accurate and verify data are the information to the research. Information collected from observation of measurement from within an attempt is made to develop generalization or conclusion is treated as research data. Thus, a scientific fact is a conclusion based on the best scientific data available of the moment.Journal of Political Science. Vol. 17, 2017, Page: 82-104
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Stukal, Denis, Vadim Belenkov, and Ilya Philippov. "Data science methods in political science research: analyzing protest activity in social media." Political Science (RU), no. 1 (2021): 46–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/poln/2021.01.02.
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The advent of social media and increased digitization of social processes have had a dramatic impact on politics and, particularly, on political mobilization and communication. The political science methodology and toolkit have also adapted to these changes and absorbed a variety of new approaches and methods from the burgeoning field of data science. This paper provides an overview of some of the key methodological innovations to the political science toolkit drawn from data science and discusses the advantages and limitations of these new methods for studying protest activity and political mobilization in social media. We focus on supervised and unsupervised learning as two major groups of methods that can be applied to either facilitate data collection in almost real time or the analysis of big data on protest activity. We discuss overfitting, regularization, and hyperparameter selection via cross-validation in the context of supervised methods, and present topic modeling and social network analysis techniques within unsupervised methods. The strengths and weaknesses of these methods are illustrated with references to recent articles published in peerreviewed journals. We conclude the paper with a discussion of the emerging methods that have not been used in political mobilization research yet and are open for further exploration by political scientists.
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De Dreu, Carsten, and Peter Carnevale. "Disparate Methods and Common Findings in the Study of Negotiation." International Negotiation 10, no. 1 (2005): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1571806054741074.
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AbstractIn this article, we compare the relative popularity of a wide variety of methods and techniques used in the study of conflict and negotiation across five domains of inquiry: political science, communication sciences, social and personality psychology, economics, and organizational behavior. An analysis of articles on conflict and negotiation published between 1997 and 2001 suggests that laboratory experiments that entail coding of behavior and self-reported data using surveys are especially popular in psychology, organizational behavior, and communication sciences. Mathematical modeling, the use of experimental games, and the use of archival data are especially popular in economics and political science. Diverse methods can provide convergent insights, and this is observed clearly in work on gain-loss framing and on reciprocity in negotiation. We suggest that researchers adopt, or continue to employ, triangulation as an approach to validity: When two or more methods or data sources converge on a construct, we develop greater assurance that our conclusions are not driven by an error or artifact of any one procedure. Each method exhibits strengths and weaknesses, and to the extent they do not overlap but show common effects, we stand on more solid ground with our theoretical conclusions.
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Settle, Jaime E., Matthew V. Hibbing, Nicolas M. Anspach, Taylor N. Carlson, Chelsea M. Coe, Edward Hernandez, John Peterson, John Stuart, and Kevin Arceneaux. "Political psychophysiology." Politics and the Life Sciences 39, no. 1 (2020): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pls.2020.5.
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AbstractThe past decade has seen a rapid increase in the number of studies employing psychophysiological methods to explain variation in political attitudes and behavior. However, the collection, analysis, and interpretation of physiological data present novel challenges for political scientists unfamiliar with the underlying biological concepts and technical skills necessary for utilizing this approach. Our objective in this article is to maximize the effectiveness of future work utilizing psychophysiological measurement by providing guidance on how the techniques can be employed most fruitfully as a complement to, not a replacement for, existing methods. We develop clear, step-by-step instructions for how physiological research should be conducted and provide a discussion of the issues commonly faced by scholars working with these measures. Our hope is that this article will be a useful resource for both neophytes and experienced scholars in lowering the start-up costs to doing this work and assessing it as part of the peer review process. More broadly, in the spirit of the open science framework, we aim to foster increased communication, collaboration, and replication of findings across political science labs utilizing psychophysiological methods.
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Héroux-Legault, Maxime. "The Evolution of Methodological Techniques in the Canadian Journal of Political Science." Canadian Journal of Political Science 50, no. 1 (March 2017): 121–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423917000099.
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AbstractThe article makes three contributions to our knowledge of the Canadian political science literature. First, it offers a historical survey of the methodologies and techniques used in the discipline. Second, the findings of this paper constitute a reference for future work interested in commenting the methods and techniques used in CJPS and provide scholars with data they can use to better situate their work within the broader literature. Finally, the paper answers three questions that permeate discussions of the Canadian political science literature. It investigates whether the proportion of qualitative works has declined over time, whether Canadian scholarship is more qualitative than quantitative today and whether there are important differences in the methodologies and techniques used in Canada and in the United States. The article concludes with a discussion of the future of political science methodology based on the findings.
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van Teijlingen, Edwin. "Book Review: Social Research: Theory, Methods and Techniques." Sociological Research Online 10, no. 2 (July 2005): 170–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/136078040501000207.
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Asal, Victor, Nakissa Jahanbani, Donnett Lee, and Jiacheng Ren. "Mini-Games for Teaching Political Science Methodology." PS: Political Science & Politics 51, no. 4 (July 3, 2018): 838–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096518000902.
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ABSTRACTStudents often find lectures on political science methodology difficult to grasp. Based on our success of simulations and games in teaching various political science theories, we created several mini-games to help students gain exposure in engaging ways with aspects of quantitative and qualitative methodology. We use techniques in which students learn through “gimmicks” (Schacht and Stewart 1990; 1992), for which they are the data points that they are studying. We believe that drawing conclusions based on what students do and think empowers them to better understand the sometimes tricky elements of political science methods. Each of the three games described in this article required little to no preparation time. We have used these mini-games in several courses and have received positive feedback from students about their utility. Thus, we are sharing them for more general use.
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Pitrelli, Nico. "Big data and digital methods in science communication research: opportunities, challenges and limits." Journal of Science Communication 16, no. 02 (June 21, 2017): C01. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.16020301.
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Computational social science represents an interdisciplinary approach to the study of reality based on advanced computer tools. From economics to political science, from journalism to sociology, digital approaches and techniques for the analysis and management of large quantities of data have now been adopted in several disciplines. The papers in this JCOM commentary focus on the use of such approaches and techniques in the research on science communication. As the papers point out, the most significant advantages of a computational approach in this sector include the chance to open up a range of new research opportunities: from the study of technical and scientific controversies to citizen science, from the definition of new norms and practices for science journalism to open science issues. On the other hand, difficulties are shared with other areas of application. The main risk is that the large quantity of data available can overwhelm the importance of theory. Instead, as the papers in this commentary demonstrate, big data should push scientists to pursue a deeper epistemological and methodological reflection also in the research on science communication.
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Fu, Erjia, Junyuan Xiang, and Chuanhao Xiong. "Deep Learning Techniques for Sentiment Analysis." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 16 (November 10, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v16i.2065.
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Sentiment analysis covers a wide range of computational research, including research on the opinions, feelings, emotions, evaluations of people, and attitudes toward products, services, organizations, individuals, issues, events, topics, and their attributes. It plays an increasingly important role in the era of big data. In fact, it has spread from computer science to management and social sciences such as marketing, finance, political science, communications, medical science and even history, generating common interest throughout society due to its commercial importance. TEA is a basic task with the typical used of NLP methods which is full of interest, particularly for fine-grained classification of textual emotional content. It is the process of mastering, inductive analysis and reasoning about emotional content. Simply put, it is the process of analysing, processing, summarising and reasoning about emotive and subjective texts. The Internet generates a large numberof user reviews to gain valuable information about people, events and products. These reviews express a wide range of emotions and emotional tendencies, including joy, anger, sadness, delight, criticism and praise. Potential users can therefore view these subjective reviews to understand how public opinion views an event or product.
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Vile, M. J. C. "Carl Friedrich and Political Science." Government and Opposition 20, no. 2 (April 1, 1985): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1985.tb01077.x.
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IT IS PERHAPS A SIGN OF THE GREATER MATURITY OF THE discipline of political science today that the ‘great debate’ of the immediate postwar period on the essential nature of the subject has now died down. The vast quantities of ink that were spilled (and not a little blood) did not result in a victory for either of the two great camps - the traditonalists or the behaviourists - but in a recognition, however reluctant, that the subject of the study of politics was too great, and too complex, to be approached only from this angle or that, but required the application of many different methods, and of many different kinds of minds, if progress was to be made towards the better understanding of the ways in which man provided for his own overnance. However, if the students of political thought, of constitutions and institutions, now work alongside the practitioners of ‘empirical’, and indeed of quantititive, techniques for the study of politics, it is in large part due to the efforts of Carl Friedrich, who saw the need to maintain the intellectual unity of a subject which, since the time of Aristotle, had progressed, as indeed all subjects can only progress, by the continual interaction between those who contemplate its theoretical underpinnings and those who are knowledgeable about the data by which, in the end, the theories must be tested. The normative dimension of the study of man and his political activities, is an additional complication, but it does not absolve the theorist from the need to relate his theory to perceived reality, nor the empiricist from the necessity of placing his observations within a context which alone will give them significance.
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Maravelakis, Petros. "The use of statistics in social sciences." Journal of Humanities and Applied Social Sciences 1, no. 2 (November 15, 2019): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhass-08-2019-0038.
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Purpose The purpose this paper is to review some of the statistical methods used in the field of social sciences. Design/methodology/approach A review of some of the statistical methodologies used in areas like survey methodology, official statistics, sociology, psychology, political science, criminology, public policy, marketing research, demography, education and economics. Findings Several areas are presented such as parametric modeling, nonparametric modeling and multivariate methods. Focus is also given to time series modeling, analysis of categorical data and sampling issues and other useful techniques for the analysis of data in the social sciences. Indicative references are given for all the above methods along with some insights for the application of these techniques. Originality/value This paper reviews some statistical methods that are used in social sciences and the authors draw the attention of researchers on less popular methods. The purpose is not to give technical details and also not to refer to all the existing techniques or to all the possible areas of statistics. The focus is mainly on the applied aspect of the techniques and the authors give insights about techniques that can be used to answer problems in the abovementioned areas of research.
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Shi, Qipeng. "Rethinking the Methodological Foundation of Historical Political Science." Chinese Political Science Review 7, no. 1 (January 8, 2022): 84–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41111-021-00200-6.
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AbstractThe basis of a methodology determines whether a research method can fit the core characteristics of a particular academic tradition, and thus, it is crucial to explore this foundation. Keeping in mind the controversy and progress of the philosophy of social sciences, this paper aims to elaborate on four aspects including the cognitive model, the view of causality, research methods, and analysis techniques, and to establish a more solid methodological basis for historical political science. With respect to the “upstream knowledge” of methodology, both positivism and critical realism underestimate the tremendous difference between the natural world and the social world. This leads to inherent flaws in controlled comparison and causal mechanism analysis. Given the constructiveness of social categories and the complexity of historical circumstances, the cognitive model of constructivism makes it more suitable for researchers to engage in macro-political and social analysis. From the perspective of constructivism, the causality in “storytelling,” i.e., the traditional narrative analysis, is placed as the basis of the regularity theory of causality in this paper, thus forming the historical–causal narrative. The historical–causal narrative focuses on how a research object is shaped and self-shaped in the ontological historical process, and thus ideally suits the disciplinary characteristics of historical political science. Researchers can complete theoretical dialogues, test hypotheses, and further explore the law of causality in logic and evidence, thereby achieving the purpose of “learning from history” in historical political science.
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Watson, Ashleigh. "Methods Braiding: A Technique for Arts-Based and Mixed-Methods Research." Sociological Research Online 25, no. 1 (May 30, 2019): 66–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1360780419849437.
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This article introduces a technique for doing mixed-methods research which I term the methods braiding technique. Contributing to established techniques for mixing methods across and within the quantitative and qualitative spectra, methods braiding incorporates arts-based research considerations. This aims to assist the growing number of researchers seeking to incorporate creative methods into their projects and add to established integrative, iterative, and synergistic approaches with insights from arts-based research. The methods braiding technique offers three main strengths. First, it assists researchers with cultivating reflexivity through periodic process reviews. Second, methods braiding helps researchers engage with the potentially divergent conceptual foundations of mixed-methods projects; by framing ‘mixing’ as a braiding process, this technique emphasises the synergistic integration of methods, analysis, and interpretation. Finally, and especially valuable for projects using arts-based methods, this technique centralises the crafting of multiple research outputs throughout the duration of a project. The use of this technique is illustrated via an example of a project in which a sociological fiction novel is constructed.
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Aradau, Claudia, and Jef Huysmans. "Critical methods in International Relations: The politics of techniques, devices and acts." European Journal of International Relations 20, no. 3 (May 30, 2013): 596–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354066112474479.
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Ruiz-Mallén, Isabel, Sandrine Gallois, and María Heras. "From White Lab Coats and Crazy Hair to Actual Scientists: Exploring the Impact of Researcher Interaction and Performing Arts on Students’ Perceptions and Motivation for Science." Science Communication 40, no. 6 (November 3, 2018): 749–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1075547018808025.
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We examine the impact of researchers’ interaction and drama-based techniques when learning science on students’ views of scientists and motivations for studying science. We do so through mixed-methods in five secondary schools in three countries. Students changed their perception of scientists toward a less stereotyped image, particularly where their interaction with researchers was higher. Pupils’ interest for scientific careers significantly increased where drama-based techniques were more inserted into the pedagogical approach. Promoting long-term interaction with scientists in school settings combined with embedded drama-based methods in science learning/teaching can contribute to reconstructing students’ views on who can be engaged in science.
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Amyot, Robert P. "Is It Better to Be Feared Than Loved? Investigating the Efficacy of Different Teaching Methods on the Learning of Specific Content." PS: Political Science & Politics 47, no. 04 (October 2014): 855–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096514001176.
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ABSTRACTThe use and efficacy of problem-based learning (PBL) exercises during single class periods, especially in political science courses, have largely been unstudied. This article explores the ability of a PBL exercise to provide better learning outcomes than a standard lecture-discussion presentation on a particular topic in an introductory political science course. The author finds that the PBL approach, as a one-time pedagogical exercise, is not more effective at producing learning. In exploring the data, however, the author finds that differences in course structure and methods of learning assessment can have a larger impact on learning outcomes than specific teaching techniques.
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Goguadze, M. G. "Visualization of Modern Political Space: Research Priorities." Post-Soviet Issues 7, no. 1 (April 15, 2020): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2020-7-1-84-93.
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In modern humanitarian studies and research in a number of social sciences, interpretation of visual data is often used. However, in some cases, it is able to make a negative adjustment in the methodology and research methods, which is a consequence of the terminological and theoretical underdevelopment of the theory of visuality itself, including within the framework of political science. The development of a general visual paradigm is currently in its infancy and is being carried out through the formation of the corresponding categorical apparatus, adequate to the real processes that it signifies.In political science studies, the theory of visibility is an innovation, since they lack the basic conceptual principles of the theory of visual political communication, which are not in demand due to the textual orientation of political science, which has for a long time linguistic-political bias, obscuring the whole complex of images in politics. However, the transformation of existing formats of rapidly developing political communication processes and technologies in the modern information society and the creation of new ones is carried out in the direction of increasing the amount of visual information that not only complements verbal forms, but also dominates the processes of political practices. The communication processes that ensure the functioning of political institutions are, in most situations, visually attributed and focused not so much on speech and audio as on visual techniques, which suggests that they are the main tool of political communication and a means of constituting political reality.
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Kornev, A. V. "Competition between Methodological Approaches in the History of Political and Legal Doctrines." Lex Russica 75, no. 9 (September 23, 2022): 130–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2022.190.9.130-140.
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The paper is devoted to various approaches to the study of political and legal doctrines. Each of them in its structure contains a methodological basis. It is the methodology of political and legal ideas that largely determines their scientific validity and practical feasibility. In this regard, methodological techniques are of great importance. The peculiarity of the history of political and legal doctrines as a scientific and educational discipline is that it not only uses certain methods of scientific cognition, like any other science, but also has a powerful methodological potential itself. Currently, we are witnessing an uncompromising war of ideologies having certain values and interests behind them. In this context, the paper reveals methodological approaches used in the cognition of the political and legal reality reflected in the ideas of thinkers of past eras and modernity. The paper does not consider general, particular and special methods of cognition. The emphasis is given to certain cognitive approaches and actions in order to analyze the content of political and legal doctrines. In this regard, the author attempts to consider history, for example, not as a science, but as a scientific method. The same applies to philosophy and sociology. This is somewhat at odds with certain «standards» regarding methodology as a set of methods and techniques for obtaining scientific knowledge. Nevertheless, in relation to the history of political and legal doctrines, such an approach is justified by virtue of the object and subject of the study. Competition between these approaches means only freedom of choice of research techniques and their ability to complement each other.
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Pandya, Jaymit Bharatbhai, and Udesang K. Jaliya. "An empirical study on the various stock market prediction methods." Register: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Sistem Informasi 8, no. 1 (March 22, 2022): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26594/register.v8i1.2533.
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Investment in the stock market is one of the much-admired investment actions. However, prediction of the stock market has remained a hard task because of the non-linearity exhibited. The non-linearity is due to multiple affecting factors such as global economy, political situations, sector performance, economic numbers, foreign institution investment, domestic institution investment, and so on. A proper set of such representative factors must be analyzed to make an efficient prediction model. Marginal improvement of prediction accuracy can be gainful for investors. This review provides a detailed analysis of research papers presenting stock market prediction techniques. These techniques are assessed in the time series analysis and sentiment analysis section. A detailed discussion on research gaps and issues is presented. The reviewed articles are analyzed based on the use of prediction techniques, optimization algorithms, feature selection methods, datasets, toolset, evaluation matrices, and input parameters. The techniques are further investigated to analyze relations of prediction methods with feature selection algorithm, datasets, feature selection methods, and input parameters. In addition, major problems raised in the present techniques are also discussed. This survey will provide researchers with deeper insight into various aspects of current stock market prediction methods.
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Buchler, Justin. "Teaching Quantitative Methodology to the Math Averse." PS: Political Science & Politics 42, no. 03 (June 26, 2009): 527–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096509090842.
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ABSTRACTMany political science students struggle in quantitative methods courses because they have never been taught how to learn math. Learning math is different from learning in other fields, so the techniques students have used successfully in other classes are inappropriate in mathematically oriented classes. However, most students have never been told this, so they blame their difficulty with math on the impenetrability of the subject rather than tactical studying errors. This brief article discusses some of the reasons that common studying techniques do not work in quantitative methodology classes, and discusses some simple techniques to help students develop learning habits that are better suited to quantitative courses.
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Botteron,, Cynthia A., and S. Suzan J. Harkness,. "2005 APSA Teaching and Learning Conference Track Summaries: Track Five: Research Methods and Techniques." PS: Political Science & Politics 38, no. 03 (July 2005): 421–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096505250151.
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Thunberg, Michael E. "Fast Food Delivery: Operationalization and Research Design." PS: Political Science & Politics 55, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096521001128.
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ABSTRACTActive learning is an important component of political science instruction in which instructors use innovative active-learning techniques across the subfields. These methods are crucially important in methods courses, which contain some of the most difficult and important topics for the discipline, making it optimal for conveying challenging concepts using active-learning approaches. This article describes an active-learning exercise to engage students with operationalization, research design, data collection, and analysis. Students develop an observational study for a “fast” food delivery service. They operationalize the dependent variable—“fast delivery”—and determine which independent variables will impact delivery speed. Students collect data when the instructor orders food and has it delivered to the classroom. This exercise moves away from abstract concepts found in political science journals and makes research design more concrete, relatable, and engaging.
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Collischon, Matthias. "Methods to Estimate Causal Effects. An Overview on IV, DiD and RDD and a Guide on How to Apply them in Practice." Soziale Welt 73, no. 4 (2022): 713–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0038-6073-2022-4-713.
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The identification of causal effects has gained increasing attention in social sciences over the last years and this trend also has found its way into sociology, albeit on a relatively small scale. This article provides an overview of three methods to identify causal effects that are rarely used in sociology: instrumental variable (IV) regression, difference-in-differences (DiD), and regression discontinuity design (RDD). I provide intuitive introductions to these methods, discuss identifying assumptions, limitations of the methods, promising extension, and present an exemplary study for each estimation method that can serve as a benchmark when applying these estimation techniques. Furthermore, the supplemental material to this article contains Stata and R syntax that shows with simulated data how to apply these techniques in practice.
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Rahman, Mahfujur, Mehedi Hasan, Md Masum Billah, and Rukaiya Jahan Sajuti. "Political Fake News Detection from Different News Source on Social Media using Machine Learning Techniques." AIUB Journal of Science and Engineering (AJSE) 21, no. 2 (November 23, 2022): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.53799/ajse.v21i1.383.
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People are more dependable on online news systems than ever in this modern time and day. The more people depend on online news, magazines, and journals, the more likely it will have more significant consequences of fake news or rumors. In the era of social networking, it has become a significant problem that negatively influences society. The fact is that the internet has become more accessible than ever, and its uses have increased exponentially. From 2005 to 2020, overall web users have increased from 1.1 billion to 3.96 billion. As most individuals' primary sources are microblogging networks, fake news spreads faster than ever. Thus it has become very complicated to detect fake news over the internet. For that purpose, we have used four traditional machine learning (ML) algorithms and long short-term memory (LSTM) methods. The four traditional methods are as follows logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT) classification, k-nearest neighbors (KNN) classification, and naive bayes (NB) classification. To conduct this experiment, we first implemented four traditional machine learning methods. Then we trained our dataset with LSTM and Bi-LSTM (bidirectional long-short term memory) to get the best-optimized result. This paper experimented with four traditional methods and two deep learning models to find the best models for detecting fake news. In our research, we can see that, from four traditional methods, logistic regression performs best and generate 96% accuracy, and the Bi-LSTM model can generate 99% accuracy, which outbreaks all previous scores.
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Breunig, Christian, and Bryan D. Jones. "Stochastic Process Methods with an Application to Budgetary Data." Political Analysis 19, no. 1 (2011): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pan/mpq038.
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Political scientists have increasingly focused on causal processes that operate not solely on mean differences but on other stochastic characteristics of the distribution of a dependent variable. This paper surveys important statistical tools used to assess data in situations where the entire distribution of values is of interest. We first outline three broad conditions under which stochastic process methods are applicable and show that these conditions cover many domains of social inquiry. We discuss a variety of visual and analytical techniques, including distributional analysis, direct parameter estimates of probability density functions, and quantile regression. We illustrate the utility of these statistical tools with an application to budgetary data because strong theoretical expectations at the micro- and macrolevel exist about the distributional characteristics for such data. The expository analysis concentrates on three budget series (total, domestic, and defense outlays) of the U.S. government for 1800–2004.
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Malatesta, Deanna, and Craig Smith. "Guest editorialNovel and overlooked techniques for public management research questions." International Journal of Public Sector Management 34, no. 6 (October 26, 2021): 605–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-08-2021-348.
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PurposeThis article provides a snapshot of several innovative and underused methodological approaches employed by scholars from across public management.Design/methodology/approachA comparative review of methodological approaches to public management research is used.FindingsThe authors find evidence of scholars applying numerous novel methodological approaches to study social science phenomena, including agent-based modeling, nonparametic approaches, social network analysis, Granger equations and techniques for correcting selection bias.Research limitations/implicationsThe review does not cover all of the innovative methodological approaches used in social science. However, the methodological techniques showcased offer promise for advancing public management research, whether used as primary applications or as one of multiple methods (triangulation) to test the validity of research findings and/or to more comprehensively understand the phenomena being studied.Originality/valueThe techniques reviewed include example applications to aid researchers who may wish to apply them in their own research. The novel tools and methods already in use by public management researchers contradict the perception that public management methods have lagged behind other social science disciplines.
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Rossi, Luca, Nicola Righetti, and Giada Marino. "(Nearly) Ten Years of Social Media and Political Elections in Italy: Questions, Platforms, and Methods." Social Media + Society 7, no. 4 (October 2021): 205630512110634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20563051211063460.
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In this article, we reconstruct the academic discourse surrounding social media and elections in an Italian context. We follow Neumayer and Rossi’s conceptualization of academic discourse concerning political protest and digital technology as constructed out of three components: (a) the social phenomena under investigation, (b) technological development, and (c) methods and techniques. In the context of social media and elections, these three components may be identified as (a) the research questions that researchers seek to answer, (b) the social media platforms and data used for the analysis, and (c) the methods adopted to analyze the data. While these three dimensions are deeply intertwined, we argue that, when analyzed independently, it is possible to better see both the longitudinal evolution of each dimension and their interdependencies.
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Dargie, Charlotte. "Observation in Political Research: A Qualitative Approach." Politics 18, no. 1 (February 1998): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9256.00062.
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Qualitative research in politics is predominantly interview-based. Observation is neglected as a research tool by political scientists. This article presents the case for using observation techniques in political research Drawing from the authors experience of using structured observation to research Chief Executives, the article shows how observation can be included as a valuable part of a qualitative research strategy. It addresses the how, where, when and why of applying observation to political research. The crucial advantage of observation methods is identified as understanding the context and environment in which actions occur and decisions are taken.
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Marx, Axel, Benoît Rihoux, and Charles Ragin. "The origins, development, and application of Qualitative Comparative Analysis: the first 25 years." European Political Science Review 6, no. 1 (February 22, 2013): 115–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755773912000318.
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A quarter century ago, in 1987, Charles C. Ragin published The Comparative Method, introducing a new method to the social sciences called Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA). QCA is a comparative case-oriented research approach and collection of techniques based on set theory and Boolean algebra, which aims to combine some of the strengths of qualitative and quantitative research methods. Since its launch in 1987, QCA has been applied extensively in the social sciences. This review essay first sketches the origins of the ideas behind QCA. Next, the main features of the method, as presented in The Comparative Method, are introduced. A third part focuses on the early applications. A fourth part presents early criticisms and subsequent innovations. A fifth part then focuses on an era of further expansion in political science and presents some of the main applications in the discipline. In doing so, this paper seeks to provide insights and references into the origin and development of QCA, a non-technical introduction to its main features, the path travelled so far, and the diversification of applications.
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Vyshynskyi, Vitalii. "Compositional Technique as a Tool of Political Statement in the Works of Louis Andriessen." Scientific herald of Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine, no. 132 (November 29, 2021): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31318/2522-4190.2021.132.249987.
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Relevance of the study. The work of Louis Andriessen, a Dutch composer, is regarded as a significant contribution to the formation of music culture of the second half of the 20th century. Despite his influence, however, there are practically no research papers in domestic musicology that would analyze Andriessen’s work and personality or his professional musical and political activities. One of the main research topics related to Andriessen’s work is the influence of politics on music. The topic itself is quite particular and somewhat controversial because it always leaves a lot of questions that need further clarification, may require a different perspective and a new approach. One of such questions with a controversial view is a discussion of how compositional techniques can be influenced by and formed based upon the composer’s political views.
Main objective of the study. Taking into consideration Louis Andriessen’s own experiences, analyze how his compositional techniques created political content of his works, and particularly the writing of the cantata “De Staat” (“The Republic”) by Plato.
Methods. The following were used in the research analysis: biographical (in the analyses of the style and work of the composer); historical (in the analyses of the cultural and socio-political context); comparative (in the analyses of the political and aesthetic views and standpoints of artists); analytical (in the analyses of the musical works).
Results/findings and conclusions. There were several reasons that led Louis Andriessen to appeal to minimalism. The main reason was the composer’s desire to respond to his fellow composers that themselves were searching for their own applicable techniques and style to disseminate political ideas. Minimalism was particularly attractive to the composer because it was relevant, easily accessible to the general public, and reflective. At the same time, it was politically appropriate and democratic. The musical and political activism of Andriessen was aimed at creating a new type of communication and relationships between a composer and a performer, a performer and audience, and ultimately at creating a new musical community. This new type of communication and community is reflected in the composer’s work “The Republic”. For performers in particular, “The Republic” became a practical exercise similar to the style of Lehrstück B. Brecht, which allowed performers to adapt to new musical interactions proposed by the composer. Andriessen was able to achieve this goal by using hocket techniques — i. e., by removing the role inequality among performers and emphasizing the expressive importance of each performer in a musical composition. However, Andriessen’s compositional techniques used in “The Republic” to reflect his political views did not support, but rather emphasized the composer’s contradictory political position and in particular his binary position to Plato’s views on the place of music in politics. Nevertheless, it was “The Republic” that started the creation of a unique performance and approach in musical composition called “Andriessen’s approach”, which would successfully combine minimalism with traditional European compositional techniques, modern and experimental techniques, and components of music at large. At the very end, the unique combination of the aforementioned compositional techniques is what identifies the specificity of the content of Andriessen’s music. Significance of these results consists in the point of view on the question of how a compositional technique forms political content in the music written by Louis Andriessen
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Priscilla, C. Victoria, and V. Hema Malini. "Steganalysis Techniques: A Systematic Review." Remittances Review 7, no. 1 (November 19, 2022): 171–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/rr.v7i1.2405.
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World at present is full of data. Data plays a major role in all aspects in development in any field, future predictions, decision making etc. Securing data is very important not only to avoid breaches but also to shield the confidential messages. There comes the concept of Steganography. Steganography is the art of covering data up under an ordinary text or image or video. When steganography is misused by hiding malware in safe files, there comes the art of detecting steganography called Steganalysis. Some known methods in Steganalysis are Stego-only, Known cover, Known message, Chosen stego and lastly Chosen message attacks. This work presents a survey on recent trends in steganography and use of machine learning algorithms in steganalysis.
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Hindman, Matthew. "Building Better Models." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 659, no. 1 (April 9, 2015): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716215570279.
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Analytic techniques developed for big data have much broader applications in the social sciences, outperforming standard regression models even—or rather especially—in smaller datasets. This article offers an overview of machine learning methods well-suited to social science problems, including decision trees, dimension reduction methods, nearest neighbor algorithms, support vector models, and penalized regression. In addition to novel algorithms, machine learning places great emphasis on model checking (through holdout samples and cross-validation) and model shrinkage (adjusting predictions toward the mean to reduce overfitting). This article advocates replacing typical regression analyses with two different sorts of models used in concert. A multi-algorithm ensemble approach should be used to determine the noise floor of a given dataset, while simpler methods such as penalized regression or decision trees should be used for theory building and hypothesis testing.
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Ellis, Joseph M. "Pop Culture, Twitter, and Study Abroad: Estonia as a Case Study." PS: Political Science & Politics 47, no. 01 (December 29, 2013): 204–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096513001595.
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AbstractThis article highlights a number of different pedagogical practices that can be used with study abroad programs, both classroom methods and out-of-class techniques. In this particular class—which focused on Estonia's Singing Revolution and included a 10-day trip abroad to Estonia—social media platforms like Twitter and Tumblr were frequently used to create collaboration among students. In addition, Estonian music and pop culture were studied, giving students a unique insight into a culture very foreign from their own. Although Estonia was the focus of this particular class, the results of these methods are generalizable to help others who lead study abroad programs and develop creative ways to foster interaction. This article also demonstrates why social media platforms are helpful to political scientists and the political science discipline more generally.
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Selivanov, Egor, and Petra Hlaváčková. "Methods for monetary valuation of ecosystem services: A scoping review." Journal of Forest Science 67, No. 11 (November 26, 2021): 499–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/96/2021-jfs.
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Adequate assessment of ecosystem services is important for the development of policies and management plans related to forestry activities and the environment. Carefully identified ecosystem values can determine which options policy makers should prioritize to provide the greatest benefit. There are numerous methods used by researchers to evaluate ecosystem services. The most widely applied methods are monetary valuation methods, they are often deemed to be the most pragmatic language when it comes to communication with political and business institutions. The main goal of this review is to analyse available literature using the methodology particular to the scoping review approach in order to identify and describe valuation methods that can be applied for monetary assessment of ecosystem services. As a result of the scoping review, over 20 monetary valuation techniques (including several less common methods such as willingness to sell and Delphi method) were derived from 16 literature sources. In the process of compiling the range of different methods, a few flaws and gaps in the communication of methods were observed such as lack of consistency in the names of different methods and mixing up concepts. In addition, a few areas for future research are suggested.
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Reid, Matt. "Lost Letters: Using the Lost-letter Technique to Teach Social Research Methods." Teaching Sociology 46, no. 4 (May 17, 2018): 356–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0092055x18776728.
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Over 50 years ago, Stanley Milgram and colleagues published a short article detailing an unobtrusive experimental design they called the lost-letter technique. The technique involves placing stamped, unmailed letters in a community and using the relative rate of return to infer local attitudes toward political issues and social groups. Furthermore, the technique is simple and inexpensive enough to replicate in an introductory-level social science course as a means to familiarize students with social research methodology. This activity utilizes active learning with student-centered pedagogy, and this paper details the procedure, best practices, and student feedback. Students enjoy having a personal stake in the project and find they better understand social research through this active learning project. Instructors are encouraged to consider adopting the technique in their courses.
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Jebahi, Khaled. "Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching and Learning over Time." Language and Literacy 24, no. 3 (December 2, 2022): 88–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.20360/langandlit29595.
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This study is an attempt to review the main language teaching approaches and methods used in the last hundred and fifty years or so. This is justified by the fact that though some teachers, native and non-native, may have some knowledge of the theoretical underpinnings of their classroom practices and techniques, they may lack an understanding of some other related past and present teaching methods and approaches. Those methods and approaches are reviewed in a simple and straightforward fashion. The theoretical, economic, political, and educational factors affecting their development, implementation, and change are touched upon in order for teachers to better understand their classroom implementation and seek to improve it and justify it with reference to a clearer, simpler, and more straightforward reading of the literature on the topic in focus.
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Egan, A. F., S. B. Jones, A. E. Luloff, and J. C. Finley. "The value of using multiple methods: An illustration using survey, focus group, and Delphi techniques." Society & Natural Resources 8, no. 5 (September 1995): 457–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941929509380936.
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Gelfand, Michele, Lili Duan, and Robin Pinkley. "When, Where and How: The Use of Multidimensional Scaling Methods in the Study of Negotiation and Social Conflict." International Negotiation 10, no. 1 (2005): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1571806054741056.
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AbstractMDS (multidimensional scaling) is a technique that enables researchers to uncover the spatial representation or "hidden structure" that underlies and defines behavioral data – such as negotiator or disputant perceptions and preferences. Although MDS has wide-ranging theoretical and applied appeal, it has been highly underutilized in the conflict and negotiation literature. In this paper, we seek to illustrate the promise that MDS offers in the study of conflict and negotiation. We begin with a discussion of how MDS can be differentiated from other multivariate techniques, such as factor analysis. Next we provide a brief overview of multidimensional scaling techniques – highlighting the various methods available for collecting proximity data and the computer analysis programs that can be used to analyze them. We further review the nature of the results and the ways in which they are interpreted. We conclude with some examples of the types of questions that have been addressed using MDS in the conflict and negotiation literature and a discussion about the promise this technique has for future research.
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Davidovitch, Nadav, and Rakefet Zalashik. "Medical Borders: Historical, Political, and Cultural Analyses." Science in Context 19, no. 3 (September 2006): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889706000949.
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Scientific medicine carries within it an inherent contradiction. On the one hand, given its general scientific inquiry into health and disease, their conditions, etiologies, and treatments, it makes a claim for universality. To justify this claim, at different times and in different places, scientific medicine has prioritized techniques such as the medical gaze and autopsies to assure its diagnoses; it has applied numerical methods in order to have a better grasp of diseases and their possible treatments; it has used laboratory analyses in order to understand life at its molecular level; and more recently it has introduced Randomized Clinical Trials (RCT) in order to generalize clinical treatments. On the other hand, contrary to its universalistic claims, scientific medicine sets up and reifies boundaries. It creates distinctions between the healthy and the sick and defines categories, such as gender and race, that have deep political and social meanings.
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Bussell, Jennifer. "Shadowing as a Tool for Studying Political Elites." Political Analysis 28, no. 4 (July 15, 2020): 469–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pan.2020.14.
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This article offers a description and discussion of “shadowing” as a data collection and analytic tool, highlighting potential research opportunities related to the direct observation of individuals—principally political elites—in their normal daily routine for an extended period of time, often between one day and one week. In contrast with large-scale data collection methods, including surveys, shadowing enables researchers to develop detailed observations of political behavior that are not limited by the availability of administrative data or the constraints of a questionnaire or an interview guide. Unlike more in-depth qualitative methods, such as ethnography, shadowing is scalable in a manner that allows for larger sample sizes and the potential for medium-N inference. I provide a detailed account of how to design and conduct a shadowing study, including sampling strategies, techniques for coding shadowing data, and processes for drawing inferences about the behavior of shadowed subjects, drawing on examples from a completed shadowing-based study. I also discuss ways to mitigate selection and observer biases, presenting results that suggest these can be no more pronounced when shadowing political elites than in other forms of observational research.
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Zverev, Andrei L. "POLITICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF PERSONAL POTENTIAL OF THE YOUNG POLITICAL LEADERS OF RUSSIAN PARLIAMENTARY PARTIES." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Political Sciences. History. International Relations, no. 1 (2021): 104–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6339-2021-1-104-115.
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The article presents a systematic analysis the personal potential of young political leaders of contemporary Russian parties, which has been studied in recent years by an Associate Professor of the Department of Public Relations, Tourism and Hospitality of the Faculty of History, Political Sci- ence and Law of Russian State University for the Humanities. The research were was carried out according to political and psychological methods of a verbal and projective type, supplemented by training of public self-presenta- tion of young representatives of parliamentary parties among their potential voters. As part of the study, a political and psychological profile of each potential young party leader was compiled, highlighting their value orientations and readiness to work in public politics. The article reveals the basic motives contributing to choosing the politics by young people as a professional sphere for the formation of their own personality. Also, the values orientations of young party leaders are compared with their political self-identification. Fol- lowing the results of the research works, the author of the article concludes that the existing leadership potential of young representatives of Russian parliamentary parties is not always manifested in the public practice and requires serious adjustments in terms of training in specific communication techniques, and coming into politics is determined by the desire for personal self-realization.
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Signorino, Curtis S. "On Formal Theory and Statistical Methods: A Response to Carrubba, Yuen, and Zorn." Political Analysis 15, no. 4 (2007): 483–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pan/mpm027.
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The recent article by Carrubba, Yuen, and Zorn (2007) (CYZ) attempts to relate the strategic random utility models in Signorino (1999, 2002, 2003) and in Signorino and Yilmaz (2003) to existing game theory practice and to existing statistical techniques. It contributes to this literature by reminding us that comparative statics analysis can be applied to the equilibria of these models. There are a number of claims in CYZ, however, that require clarification. In particular, the article's primary claim is that comparative statics analysis, in combination with one of three proposed statistical estimators, provides a simpler alternative to methods previously advocated. This claim (or combination of claims) is incorrect. When one examines the procedure CYZ recommends, it is no simpler for substantive researchers than anything previously recommended. Moreover, none of the proposed estimators are new: they are exactly the same methods introduced in Signorino (1999, 2003), in Signorino and Yilmaz (2003), in Signorino, Walker, and Bas (2002), and in Bas, Signorino, and Walker (2007).
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Gerbaudo, Paolo. "From Data Analytics to Data Hermeneutics. Online Political Discussions, Digital Methods and the Continuing Relevance of Interpretive Approaches." Digital Culture & Society 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/dcs-2016-0207.
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Abstract To advance the study of digital politics it is urgent to complement data analytics with data hermeneutics to be understood as a methodological approach that focuses on the interpretation of the deep structures of meaning in social media conversations as they develop around various political phenomena, from digital protest movements to online election campaigns. The diffusion of Big Data techniques in recent scholarship on political behavior has led to a quantitative bias in the understanding of online political phenomena and a disregard for issues of content and meaning. To solve this problem it is necessary to adapt the hermeneutic approach to the conditions of social media communication, and shift its object of analysis from texts to datasets. On the one hand, this involves identifying procedures to select samples of social media posts out of datasets, so that they can be analysed in more depth. I describe three sampling strategies - top sampling, random sampling and zoom-in sampling - to attain this goal. On the other hand, “close reading” procedures used in hermeneutic analysis need to be adapted to the different quality of digital objects vis-à-vis traditional texts. This can be achieved by analysing posts not only as data-points in a dataset, but also as interventions in a collective conversation, and as utterances of broader “discourses”. The task of interpretation of social media data also requires an understanding of the political and social contexts in which digital political phenomena unfold, as well as taking into account the subjective viewpoints and motivations of those involved, which can be gained through in-depth interviews, and other qualitative social science methods. Data hermeneutics thus holds promise for a closing of the gap between quantitative and qualitative approaches in the study of digital politics, allowing for a deeper and more holistic understanding of online political phenomena.
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Morris, Patricia, Aya Kimura Ida, Todd Migliaccio, Yusuke Tsukada, and Dylan Baker. "Collaborative Learning in Sociology Research Methods Courses: Does Race Matter?" Teaching Sociology 48, no. 4 (September 23, 2020): 300–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0092055x20953876.
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Students often identify research methods classes as one of the most difficult and intimidating classes of their academic career. The objectives of this study were twofold. The first was to ascertain whether the use of group-centered, collaborative learning would improve student mastery of material compared to traditional, lecture-based classes. The second objective was to examine a possible differential impact of collaborative learning by race. The study measured students’ mastery of basic concepts in research methods as well as their application of the material to novel situations by comparing their competence at the beginning to their performance on the same measures at the midterm and final exams. Findings highlight the importance of examining race as a factor in the study of the effectiveness of collaborative learning and, more specifically, point to a need to further test the hypothesis that collaborative learning pedagogy techniques can ameliorate race-based achievement gaps in student performance.
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Dittrich, Dino, Roger Th A. J. Leenders, and Joris Mulder. "Network Autocorrelation Modeling: Bayesian Techniques for Estimating and Testing Multiple Network Autocorrelations." Sociological Methodology 50, no. 1 (May 29, 2020): 168–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0081175020913899.
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The network autocorrelation model has been the workhorse for estimating and testing the strength of theories of social influence in a network. In many network studies, different types of social influence are present simultaneously and can be modeled using various connectivity matrices. Often, researchers have expectations about the order of strength of these different influence mechanisms. However, currently available methods cannot be applied to test a specific order of social influence in a network. In this article, the authors first present flexible Bayesian techniques for estimating network autocorrelation models with multiple network autocorrelation parameters. Second, they develop new Bayes factors that allow researchers to test hypotheses with order constraints on the network autocorrelation parameters in a direct manner. Concomitantly, the authors give efficient algorithms for sampling from the posterior distributions and for computing the Bayes factors. Simulation results suggest that frequentist properties of Bayesian estimators on the basis of noninformative priors for the network autocorrelation parameters are overall slightly superior to those based on maximum likelihood estimation. Furthermore, when testing statistical hypotheses, the Bayes factors show consistent behavior with evidence for a true data-generating hypothesis increasing with the sample size. Finally, the authors illustrate their methods using a data set from economic growth theory.
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Sloan, Luke, Jeffrey Morgan, William Housley, Matthew Williams, Adam Edwards, Pete Burnap, and Omer Rana. "Knowing the Tweeters: Deriving Sociologically Relevant Demographics from Twitter." Sociological Research Online 18, no. 3 (August 2013): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.3001.
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A perennial criticism regarding the use of social media in social science research is the lack of demographic information associated with naturally occurring mediated data such as that produced by Twitter. However the fact that demographics information is not explicit does not mean that it is not implicitly present. Utilising the Cardiff Online Social Media ObServatory (COSMOS) this paper suggests various techniques for establishing or estimating demographic data from a sample of more than 113 million Twitter users collected during July 2012. We discuss in detail the methods that can be used for identifying gender and language and illustrate that the proportion of males and females using Twitter in the UK reflects the gender balance observed in the 2011 Census. We also expand on the three types of geographical information that can be derived from Tweets either directly or by proxy and how spatial information can be used to link social media with official curated data. Whilst we make no grand claims about the representative nature of Twitter users in relation to the wider UK population, the derivation of demographic data demonstrates the potential of new social media (NSM) for the social sciences. We consider this paper a clarion call and hope that other researchers test the methods we suggest and develop them further.
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Searles, Kathleen, and Kyle Mattes. "It's a Mad, Mad World: Using Emotion Inductions in a Survey." Journal of Experimental Political Science 2, no. 2 (2015): 172–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/xps.2015.5.
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AbstractRecent research has uncovered a dynamic role for emotion in political decision-making. Anger in particular has increased in importance as scholars uncover its role in motivating participation and partisanship. One method for examining these effects is to use an induction to invoke an emotion, though such techniques are often limited to the laboratory. We discuss pertinent psychological research on induction, test several methods, and make practical recommendations for political science survey research. Using a unique research design which varies the way anger is invoked, we first find significant effects using a scenario induction. We replicate these findings with an adult sample and extend the results to political inductions. We are able to offer practical advice to scholars interested in replicating the effects of angry campaign ads or better understanding the effects of anger arousal on political behavior.
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Anisimova, Alla, Nataliia Safonova, Mariia Dobrushyna, Nataliia Lysenko, and Iryna Bezrodnykh. "Corpus and Experimental Methods as the Components of the Cognitive Research of the Concept Language Policy." Studies in Media and Communication 10, no. 3 (December 17, 2022): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/smc.v10i3.5833.
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This article deals with the theoretical basis of cognitive research of the language policy concept. Corpus and experimental methods of the concept have been analyzed. The concept language policy is an object of different discourses, so as a language phenomenon it deals with the text taken into account the frequency of use, establishing a list of words related to this concept to establish the features of understanding the phenomenon of language policy by native speakers. The experimental techniques, namely, an associative experiment, the method of subjective definitions have been used. The corpus research methods have been applied to clarify the obtained results. Corpus-based and corpus-driven approaches to understand the concept have been analyzed. Some experimental methods have been used to study the content of the concept and its features. Such techniques allow obtaining information about the perception and interpretation of the concept under study by human consciousness. The study consists in the maximum coverage of the methods of analysis of the concept language policy. The theoretical component of the study of the concept language policy is analyzed. The aim of the article is to identify the necessity and possibility of combining several methods of studying the concept within the framework of linguocognitive analysis. To meet this aim, it is necessary to define the following objectives: 1) to describe the approaches to the corpus and experimental methods; 2) to point out the essence of corpus analyses; 3) to corpus analyses to identify the peculiarities of the concept`s content.
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Zebua, Adrian Dirgaputra, M. Arif Nasution, and Marlon Sihombing. "Pengaruh Politik Multikultural pada Jabatan Struktural Pemerintahan di Kabupaten Nias Utara." PERSPEKTIF 11, no. 3 (July 12, 2022): 1194–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/perspektif.v11i3.6615.
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This research is about analyzing the political influence of multiculturalism in the structure of the newly elected government, namely Amizaro Waruwu who is the current Regent in North Nias. This study uses Will Kymlica's multicultural political theory which is used to analyze minority rights in politics and can occupy the structure of government positions in North Nias Regency. Agnes Heller's theory of identity politics is used to conclude how the identity of the regional head is one of the considerations in determining the structural positions of the executive government in North Nias Regency. This research method uses qualitative methods with descriptive data analysis techniques to answer one or several questions regarding the state of the object or subject in detail. Data collection techniques were carried out by interview methods and literature study. In this research, we see and provide understanding of two things. First, the decentralization system gives rise to a pattern of recruitment of SKPD leaders in determining the government structure that prioritizes the majority community to take office. Second, with the decentralization system, the community will be more active in determining every government policy and being directly involved in every political process in North Nias Regency.Keywords: Multicultural, Government, Recruitment Pattern.