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Marchant, Douglas S. "A Qualitative Inquiry into the Treatment Experience of Adolescent Females in a Relationally Based Therapeutic Boarding School." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4123.
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Individualism, the assumption that persons are self-contained and primarily act for the sake of the self, is prevalent in American culture and has arguably perpetuated numerous psychological and societal ills. Relationality, the assumption that persons are always and inextricably constituted by relationships, has been posited as a philosophical and practical alternative to individualist culture. Several scholars, both inside and outside of psychology, have developed relational concepts and practices, including some who have elucidated a relational approach to psychotherapy (e.g., Slife and Wiggins, 2009). This study examines the implications and effects of this therapeutic approach, particularly exploring relationality's therapeutic success in countering the implications of individualism. Greenbrier Academy, an adolescent female boarding school located in West Virginia, has adopted relationality as its guiding therapeutic ethic. This study utilized hermeneutically modified grounded-theory methods to inquire into the lived experience of students at Greenbrier Academy. Eight students were interviewed and the researcher recorded observations of daily programing over a six-day period. Results indicated that Greenbrier's students' experienced marked changes in the quality and meaning of their interpersonal relationships. They increasingly cared for and served their relationships, engaged in more intimate relationships with others, approached (rather than retreated from) others' differences, viewed others more holistically, and accepted personal responsibility in relation to their context.
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Quincey, Kerry. "Shifting masculinities amongst men diagnosed with breast cancer : a multi-method phenomenological inquiry." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/16683.
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Under-acknowledged both clinically and socially as a threat to men’s health, breast cancer in men continues to be a critical health issue, with complex ramifications for those affected. Research exploring men’s breast cancer experiences and their lives beyond the diagnosis remain limited. Hence, this inquiry asks ‘How do men describe breast cancer and their experiences of the illness?’ the aim, to advance understandings about men’s meaning-making of breast cancer and masculinity, and to ‘give voice’ to this under-researched population. Embedded theoretically and methodologically within a critical qualitative health framework, the research has two parts. Part one is a qualitative synthesis of nine existing international studies exploring men’s breast cancer experiences, following Noblit and Hare’s (1988) method for synthesising interpretive qualitative data. The outcomes of this synthesis were used to inform part two: a multi-method phenomenological exploration of men’s breast cancer accounts using verbal and visual data. Thirty-One British men recruited through NHS records, Breast Cancer Care, and social media platforms, used self-authored photographs to illustrate their breast cancer experiences, which they later discussed as part of extended semi-structured interviews. All data were analysed together using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (Smith & Osborn, 2003). Integrating and triangulating the findings from the two study phases, the on-going marginalisation of men across the breast cancer trajectory, and how this influences men’s experiences of, and adjustment to the illness, are revealed. Findings from the qualitative synthesis suggest current approaches to breast cancer care and advocacy serve to isolate men, potentially alienating and emasculating them; while patient management practices and informational resources unequivocally marginalise men. Findings from the new inquiry corroborate those from earlier studies, further illuminating the difficulties men encounter and some of their coping strategies. Specifically, three superordinate masculinities were identified: ‘threatened and exposed’, ‘protected and asserted’, and ‘reconsidered and reconfigured’. A schematic representation is presented to show how these interconnected masculinities are encountered, performed and utilised by men from pre-diagnosis through treatment and beyond as they manage, make sense of, and live through breast cancer. How and why men encounter/perform these different masculinities at different points in time across the breast cancer trajectory, and how this aids men’s adjustment to illness, and life beyond the diagnosis, is considered. The findings are expected to have both academic and real-world impact through informing future research, and recommendations for advocacy and intervention for improved future breast cancer care and practices.
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Litten, Joyce A. Puracchio. "A Quantitative and Qualitative Inquiry into the Call to Serve Among Non-Traditional Undergraduate Social Work Students." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1213981151.
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Thompson, Dale. "Sensitive information an inquiry into the interpretation of information in the workplace from an individual's perspective using qualitative methods / by Dale Thompson." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Hewett, Dave. "Understanding and writing a methodology of intensive interation : teaching pre-speech communication abilities to learners with severe learning difficulties: a naturalistic inquiry using qualitative evaluation methods." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309942.
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Beccue-Barnes, Wendy Davis. "War brides: a practice-based examination of translating women’s voices into textile art." Diss., Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13632.
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Doctor of Philosophy<br>Department of Apparel, Textiles, and Interior Design<br>Sherry J. Haar<br>Research about military wives has been limited. In academia, most research centers on the soldier and/or the family as a unit. When literature does address only the wife’s perspective it rarely presents a positive portrayal of her life. However, it is not just literature that shows a gap in exposing the voice of the military wife. Art-based works rarely focus on her perspective; and methodologies, such as practice-based research, rarely utilize actual voices as inspiration. The aim of the current study was to discover the voice of the military wife, examine it through a feminist lens, and then translate those voices into artwork that represented the collective, lived experience of the women interviewed. Three methodologies were utilized to analyze and translate the voices of military wives into textile art. These three methodologies: practice-based research, phenomenology, and feminist inquiry provided a suitable structure for shaping the study to fulfill the project aim. Interviews conducted with 22 military wives revealed two overarching themes: militarization and marriage; as well as multiple subthemes. Three subthemes were recognized as being the most prominent: relationships, separation, and collective experience. These themes were used as the inspiration for the creation and installation of three textile art pieces. The current study serves to fill the gaps in both the literature and the artistic process by presenting both the positive and negative aspects of the military wife’s lived experience and using that lived experience as inspiration for textile art.
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Silva, Alan de Carlo Antonio. "Resolução de problemas: metanálise das dissertações produzidas no Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Educação Matemática da Puc-SP." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/10870.
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Previous issue date: 2011-05-13<br>Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo<br>Considering the importance "Problem Solving on the process of teaching
and learning in mathematics," the reason of this study was to verify the
theoretical approach and the differences in the way of understanding the
term "problem solving" in the studies produced by postgraduate students in
mathematics education at the Catholic University of São Paulo - period
1992 to 2009. Methodologically our research was characterized as a
qualitative documentary study known as metanalysis in which we try to do a
systematic review of a series of research, aiming to produce new results or
synthesis. In order to transcend the obtained results of the investigations
dissertation and thesis were used as they had focus on the subject
problem solving or teaching methodology for problem solving. We based
our research on Bridge (2004) and Dante (2009) comparing the different
ways that problem solving has been addressed in the research, so after
that we were able to verify that there are seven out of ten analyzed thesis
that are characterized by teaching through problems solving . It is
understood, therefore, that there are the presence of a growing rejection by
the teaching method for problem solving nowadays. Therefore we conclude
that the teaching through problem solving does not always provide a
specific method to find solutions to the problems, the interaction of the
person with the problem and also the teacher-student relationships are
more intense than the teaching for problem solving and then it collaborates
to find out possible alternatives and the effectiveness of the teachinglearning
process<br>Considerando a importância do tema Resolução de Problemas no
processo de Ensino e Aprendizagem em matemática , o objetivo desse
estudo foi verificar qual a abordagem teórica e quais as diferenças na
forma de entendimento do termo resolução de problemas nos estudos
produzidos por alunos do Programa Pós-Graduados em Educação
Matemática da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Estado de São Paulo,
no período de 1992 a 2009. Metodologicamente nossa pesquisa se
caracteriza como um estudo documental denominado metanálise
qualitativa na qual se procura fazer uma revisão sistemática de um
conjunto de pesquisas, visando à produção de novos resultados ou
sínteses. Na intenção de transcender os resultados obtidos pelas
investigações estudadas buscou-se dissertações e teses que possuíam o
foco no objeto Resolução de Problemas ou na metodologia de ensino por
Resolução de Problemas. Fundamentamos nossa pesquisa nos trabalhos
de Ponte (2004) e Dante (2009) buscando confrontar as formas
diferenciadas que Resolução de Problemas tem sido abordada nas
pesquisas, assim pode-se verificar que existem sete dissertações de dez
analisadas que caracterizam-se pelo ensino POR MEIO da Resolução de
Problemas. Desta forma concluímos que no ensino POR MEIO de
Resolução de Problemas nem sempre oferece um método específico para
encontrar soluções dos problemas propostos, mas a interação da pessoa
com o problema e a relação professor-aluno são mais intensas que no
ensino PARA Resolução de Problemas assim colaboram com o encontro
das possíveis alternativas e a efetivação do processo de ensino-aprendizado
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Granerud, Arild. "Social integration for people with mental health problems : Experiences, perspectives and practical changes." Doctoral thesis, Nordic School of Public Health NHV, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3506.
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Background: The goal of social integration is part of the ideological motivation behind the transition from institutionalised to decentralised psychiatric care. Modern community mental health care considers social integration vital for improving mental health. However, reports suggest that efforts to socially integrate people who suffer from mental health problems have not been as successful as anticipated.Aim: The overall aim of the study was to achieve a deeper understanding of the phenomenon of social integration of people with mental health problems in the community. An additional aim was to develop the healthcare professionals’ insight into this phenomenon by means of co-operative inquiry. The specific research questions were: How have people with mental health problems affected their neighbourhood after re-establishing in the community? How do people with mental health problems experience social integration in the community? How does knowledge of social integration promote practical changes in mental health professionals’ practice?Methods: This study, which comprises four papers, has a hermeneutic design. The data collection methods took the form of interviews with 19 neighbours of group homes for people with mental health problems (Paper I) and focus groups in two separate studies of people with mental health problems, one of which comprised 12 participants in three groups (Paper II) and the other 17 participants in three different multistage focus groups (Paper III), i.e. a total of 14 focus groups. Paper IV utilises findings from Papers I-III by means of a co-operative approach. There were two areas of knowledge development in the research process: dialogue-based teaching and focus groups. The main emphasis of the dialogue-based teaching was to facilitate the articulation of practical and tacit knowledge. Twenty-two healthcare professionals and social workers participated in two different multistage focus groups, a total of 6 focus groups (Paper IV). Data-analysis methods included both the constant comparative process and qualitative content analysis.Findings: The first paper begins with the experiences of neighbours of people who suffer from mental health problems. The neighbours reported frightening behaviours as well as complications in their contact with people who had long-term mental health problems, which led to increased insecurity and fear. The reaction of the neighbourhood was exclusion and segregation in the form of distancing or watching. The next two papers employed a user perspective and revealed that, when meeting people, the participants experienced shame and fear of exclusion due to lack of acceptance and loss of autonomy. Integrity proved a necessary quality for the possibility to be treated as an equal. Lack of work or a meaningful occupation and a low income contributed to a sense of worthlessness and loneliness. Those who had a job or took part in club activities seemed to achieve social companionship, which gave them a sense of being more socially integrated. The co-operative research project enabled co-researchers to gain increased professional knowledge and awareness, as well as providing potential for improvements in clinical practice. Systematic reflection on practice leads to an increased awareness of one’s own attitudes and intervention methods, societal conditions and the community’s attitude to the increased social integration of people with mental health problems. The experiential knowledge gained may contribute to health-promotion strategies such as social integration.Conclusions: Integration difficulties are experienced by both individuals with mental health problems and their neighbouring community. In order to achieve social integration, a person with long-term mental health problems needs to develop adequate social competence. Those working in community mental health care must ensure that people suffering from mental health problems experience a sense of belonging in the community, which can enable them to develop a network and achieve social integration in the planning and development of day-time activities and work, thus promoting social integration. The neighbourhood requires, at the very least, general information when a group home is established. Co-operative inquiry can be beneficial in the public sector, although in order to achieve the best possible result, the whole team must be involved and play an active role in all areas of the research project. If the groups are too large, the participants’ level of engagement may suffer. Multistage focus groups proved to be a powerful method for knowledge acquisition and should be further developed as a means of expanding new knowledg<br>Bakgrunn: En viktig ideologisk motivasjon for overgang fra institusjonalisert til desentralisert psykisk helsearbeid er målet om sosial integrering. Moderne lokalbasert psykisk helsearbeid anser sosial integrering som avgjørende for å bedre menneskers psykisk helse. Men rapporter viser at mennesker med psykiske problemer ikke har oppnådd tilfredsstillende sosial integrering.Mål: Det overordnede målet for studien var å oppnå en dypere forståelse av fenomenet sosial integrering for mennesker med psykiske problemer i lokalsamfunnet. Et tilleggsmål var å utvikle helse- og sosialarbeideres innsikt i fenomenet med bruk av handlingsorientert forskningssamarbeid. De spesifikke forskningsspørsmålene var: Hvordan har mennesker med psykiske problemer påvirket deres nabolag etter reetablering i lokalsamfunnet? Hvordan erfarte mennesker med psykiske problemer sosial integrering i lokalsamfunnet? Hvordan kan kunnskap om sosial integrering fremme praksisforandringer for psykisk helsearbeidere?Metode: Denne studien, som omfatter fire artikler, har et hermenautisk design. Metodene for datainnsamling var kvalitative intervjuer med 19 naboer til fellesboliger for mennesker med psykiske problemer (Art. I), og fokusgruppeintervjuer, i to separate studier, med mennesker med psykiske problemer. En studie med 12 informanter i 3 fokusgrupper (Art. II) og en studie med 17 informanter i 3 flersteg-fokusgrupper (Art. III), totalt 14 fokusgruppeintervjuer. Art. IV brukte funnene fra Art. I-III i et handlingsorientert forskningssamarbeid. Det var to former for kunnskapsutvikling i forskningsprosessen: Dialogbasert undervisning, som skulle fremme praktisk og taus kunnskap, samt fokusgruppeintervjuer. 22 helse- og sosialarbeidere deltok i 2 flersteg-fokusgrupper, totalt 6 fokusgruppeintervjuer (Art. IV). Datamateriale ble analysert med Grounded Theory og kvalitativ innholdsanalyse.Funn: Naboer til fellesbolig for mennesker med psykiske problemer beskriver i den første studien opplevelser som gav usikkerhet, skremmende adferd og problemer med å få kontakt med menneskene som hadde alvorlige psykiske problemer. Dette ledet til økt usikkerhet og frykt. Nabolaget reagerte med eksklusjon og segregering. De to neste studiene hadde et brukerperspektiv, og viste at informantene opplevde skam og frykt for eksklusjon som en følge av manglende akseptasjon og tap av autonomi i møte med mennesker. Integritet var en nødvendig forutsetning for å bli møtt som likverdig. Mangel på arbeid eller annen meningsfull dagaktivitet, samt lav inntekt, bidro til en følelse av verdiløshet og ensomhet. De som hadde et arbeid eller var aktiv deltager i klubbvirksomhet fikk et sosialt felleskap som gjorde at de kjente seg sosialt integrerte. I siste studie gav handlingsorientert forskningssamarbeid medforskerne økt profesjonell kunnskap og bevissthet, samt potensiale for å forbedre praksis. Systematisk refleksjon på praksis leder til en økt bevissthet for egne holdninger og interveneringsmetoder, sosiale betingelser og lokalsamfunnets holdninger til økt sosial integrasjon for mennesker med psykiske problemer. Økt kunnskapsdannelse i praksis kan bidra til forebyggende helsearbeid som sosial integrering.Konklusjon: Både mennesker med psykiske problemer og deres nabolag erfarte vanskeligheter med integrering. For at mennesker med alvorlige psykiske problemer skal erfare sosial integrering må de ha tilstrekkelig sosial kompetanse. Det må arbeides for at mennesker med psykiske problemer opplever tilhørighet i lokalsamfunnet, noe som kan sette dem i stand til å utvikle nettverk, og få til sosial integrering i planlegging og utvikling av dagaktiviteter og arbeid, og på den måten fremme sosial integrering. Nabolag bør i hvert fall ha generell informasjon når det etableres fellesboliger. Handlings- orientert forskningssamarbeid kan være gunstig i kommunehelsetjenesten. En forutsetning for et best mulig resultat er at hele team blir involvert og deltar i kunnskapsskapningen i praksis. Blir enhetene som deltar for store, blir det ikke noe eierforhold til forskningssamarbeidet. Flersteg-fokusgruppeintervju viste seg å være en god metode for kunnskapsutvikling, og metoden burde utvikles videre.Nøkkelord: Psykisk helsearbeid i kommunehelsetjenesten, sosial integrering, sosialt nettverk, handlingsorientert forskningssamarbeid, kvalitativ metode
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Bremer, Eleanor. "Anxiety in Menopause: A Qualitative Inquiry." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5315.
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Background: Anxiety is one of the mood symptoms experienced by menopausal women; however, anxiety symptoms during menopause have received little attention in the literature despite the potential impact on quality of life. Many of the tools used to evaluate and measure anxiety associated with menopause assume that menopausal anxiety shares similar criteria as anxiety disorders and this may not be entirely true. There are very few studies that have assessed anxiety in the context of menopause leaving the concept of menopausal anxiety not well defined and raising the question: Is menopausal anxiety a unique and distinctly different syndrome? The purpose of this study was to explore and gain an in-depth understanding of the experience of anxiety in menopausal women.
Methods: Twenty menopausal women were recruited for this qualitative study to explore the experience of anxiety in menopause. Through the use of a semi-structured interview using open-ended questions, participants were asked to share their experience with anxiety that was new or different with the onset of menopause. Interviews were audio recorded by the researcher and lasted approximately 30 - 60 minutes. Participants described their experience with anxiety and discussed how the anxiety is different in menopause.
Results: Emergent themes revealed that anxiety in menopause is a unique and individual experience. The substantial variation in the onset, timing and severity of the symptoms made it impossible to construct a uniform and consistent definition of the experience. Participants discussed their preferences for management which included non-pharmacologic, lifestyle, relaxation based interventions.
Conclusions: This research supports the existence of a unique and individualized experience of anxiety in menopause. A better understanding of the experience and patient preferences will assist healthcare providers in developing individualized treatment options aimed at improving quality of life.
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Pearson, Eden F. "Assessing writing through reflection a qualitative inquiry /." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.
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Cole-Taylor, Linda. "Anti-racist educational training: a qualitative inquiry." Thesis, Boston University, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/33433.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University<br>PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.<br>Anti-racist training has been put forward as a method to ameliorate the achievement gap that exists between Black students and their White peers. Such training requires clear goals and measurable outcomes. This study focused on an anti-racist program (EMI) run collaboratively by nine predominantly White school districts west of Boston which are members of the Boston desegregation program (METCO). This program is intended to change educators' racial attitudes, which founders and supporters of the program believe undermine the academic success of students of color.
Qualitative methods were employed to collect data from eight instructors, six Board Members who are superintendents in the collaborating school districts, and eleven teachers who participated in the program in 2000 or 2001. The research effort was to understand the purposes and methods of the training and its self-reported effects in light of the program's purported mission. Findings revealed common themes and were analyzed in relation to the historical foundations of anti-racist education and theories of organizational, attitude, and cognitive change.
Three findings are noteworthy. The central finding is that the intended aims, goals, and vision of the EMI instructors, former participants, and Board Members were mutually inconsistent. Specifically, tension existed between the desire for anti-racist activism by the instructors and a democratic multiculturalism that characterized most of its participants and Board Members. This created a deep ideological division, and made a successful transformational experience unlikely. Second, interview data revealed conflicting priorities with regard to anti-racist training within the EMI collaborative school districts. The attempt to balance continuing support for the program with a range of other priorities raised questions about the ability of the participating school districts to maintain their commitment to anti-racist training. Third, the data provided no evidence that this anti-racist training promoted a change in the participants' racial identity. On the contrary, a sustained Eurocentric approach toward students of color appeared to be the continuing the norm in these school districts. These findings suggest that professional training programs aimed at higher student achievement, a distal goal of this anti-racist program, require shared goals and clear assessment, effective educational strategies, and measurable, student-based outcomes.<br>2031-01-01
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Predragovich, Krista Stires. "Ohio Professional Counselor Career Persistence: A Qualitative Inquiry." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1562675475752281.
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Nicoll, Avril. "Speech and language therapy in practice : a critical realist account of how and why speech and language therapists in community settings in Scotland have changed their intervention for children with speech sound disorders." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/27257.
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Healthcare professionals such as speech and language therapists are expected to change their practice throughout their career. However, from a practice perspective, there is a lack of knowledge around what practice change is, what it really takes, and why there are different trajectories. Consequently, therapists, managers and commissioners lack empirical evidence on which to base decisions about enabling practice change. In addition, intervention researchers lack basic sociological research around implementation that could inform their research designs, reporting and impact. This case-based sociological inquiry, underpinned by critical realist assumptions, was designed to address this knowledge gap. It includes a two-stage qualitative synthesis of 53 (then 16) studies where speech and language therapists explained the work of their practice in depth, and a primary qualitative study focused on one professional jurisdiction, children with speech sound difficulties (SSD). Forty two speech and language therapists from three NHS areas and independent practice in Scotland participated in individual interviews or self-organised pairs or focus groups to discuss in depth how and why they had changed their practice with these children. A variety of comparative methods were used to detail, understand and explain this particular aspect of the social world. The resulting theory of SSD practice change comprises six configured cases of practice change (Transforming; Redistributing; Venturing; Personalising; Delegating; Refining) emerging from an evolving and modifiable practice context. The work that had happened across four key aspects of this context (Intervention; Candidacy; Caseload; Service) explained what made each case possible, and how practice had come to be one way rather than another. Among its practical applications, the theory could help services plan more realistic practice change. In addition, the inductively developed layered model of SSD intervention change has the potential to contribute to speech and language therapy education as well as methodological discussions around complex interventions.
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Khan, Md Abdur Razzaque. "Private television ownership in Bangladesh : a critical qualitative inquiry." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/195981.
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Private television channels in Bangladesh have become a part of ruling parties’ politics. Without ruling party’s agreement none can get license of private television channels. Whenever a party goes to power it tries to give licenses to its cronies violating rules and regulations. It is an open secret in Bangladesh society. But the beginning of the private televisions in Bangladesh was a promising one. The first three channels--ATN Bangla, Channel-I and ETV-- got licences in a proper way during the first regime of Sheikh Hasina of Bangladesh Awami League (AL) (1996-2001). Political ownership of private television was initiated by Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) when it came to power at the end of 2001. The present AL government, after it came to power again in 2008, has been following the same path of political ownership in giving private television licences. The whole licencing process of private television is enveloped by a strong and vivid system of Crony Capitalism. Only the cronies who are very close to the chief of the ruling party or chief of the government are provided with the private television licences. That is the unwritten rule in giving private television licences in present Bangladesh. The private television owners in Bangladesh are businessmen cum politicians and politicians cum businessmen. There is a symbiotic relationship between politics and private television as well as private television owners and other businessmen in Bangladesh. The owners enjoy a status quo for their channels. It brings them very close to ruling party elites. This prompts other businessmen to invest in private televisions with political connections. If a well-funded investor proves her or his unquestionable loyalty to the ruling party or can earn the trust from the ruling party elites then s/he will be given licence. Most of the owners of private television channels belong to the two major political parties of Bangladesh, the two opponents – Bangladesh Awami League (AL) and Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP).
The working journalists in private channels try to maintain their professionalism in news reporting. But sometime they have to compromise with the owners’ interests – whether it is political, business or familial. Therefore one sort of tension and potential for conflict exits between the private TV channel owners and the working journalists.
The study is a qualitative inquiry applying critical theory in a broad perspective, and the critical political economy of communication and media in a specific theoretical framework. It tries to answer the following questions: who are the owners of private television channels? What are the reasons that lead them to invest in the private televisions? What are the licensing procedures of private TVs? What factors influence the professional freedom of TV journalists? How power relations work between owners and journalists, owners and ruling political elites and other stakeholders. The study finds a vicious circle of executive-legislative-media power nexus to use private televisions for owners’ misdemeanors, power abuse, corruption and malpractices. This is a continuous threat to the professional freedom of television journalists in the country. The television owners and the state-power are ready to fire journalists and curtail their professional freedom if journalists do not honor their instruction of do’s and don’ts when it is needed. If a comprehensive policy for dealing with private television is not formulated, then private television will not help Bangladesh’s media democratization process rather it will be threat to democracy.<br>published_or_final_version<br>Journalism and Media Studies Centre<br>Doctoral<br>Doctor of Philosophy
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Nwachukwu, Thomas Kizito. "Long-term marriages among Nigerian immigrants| A qualitative inquiry." Thesis, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3718526.
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<p> There has been a rash of divorce among Nigerian Igbo immigrants. This was unheard of several years ago in a community whose culture frowned upon divorce. While some have examined factors affecting divorce, this study investigates those couples who remained married in the whirlwind of the divorce around them. </p><p> This phenomenological study reports the lived experience of nine Nigerian Igbo immigrant couples who live in the Houston area metropolis and who have been married for 20 years or more. Data from two clergymen who also live in the Houston metropolitan area and who have ministerial duties for the Nigerian Igbo community were utilized. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed. Giorgi’s psychological phenomenological method (1985) was used to analyze data. </p><p> The analysis of the data from participating couples yielded the following 15 essential structures: successful navigation of problems related to extended family, understanding that every marriage is unique with no comparison, mutual trust and understanding, appreciation of the marriage experience, communication, living within ones means, ability to be flexible and dynamic, team work, eliminating interference from others, infidelity, involvement in spiritual and religious activities, seeing marriage as a learning process, finances, raising of children , and acculturation issues. Participating clergy identified these six structures: ability to forgive and to tolerate, preference to go to the priest or religious leader, awareness of unacceptability of divorce, effective management of issues surrounding sex, being constantly aware of the love element in marriage, and managing the over inflated image of a cozy life in the US. </p><p> This study’s finding did not differ greatly from other studies on long-term marriages. The results support the conclusion that there may be cross cultural similarity in structural factors fostering marriage longevity. The results did, however, indicate some uniqueness germane to the acculturation of this immigrant population in the areas of extended family, upbringing of children, gender roles, and male patriarchal hegemony. This underscores the need for counselors to consider cultural context when looking at marriage longevity. The Nigerian couples in this study also acknowledged that the above listed structures may have either a positive or negative impact on marriage stability.</p>
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Schill, Ryan. "UK owner-occupation and decision-making : a qualitative inquiry." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709312.
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Bhattacharyya, Sriya. "Muslim Women Resist: An Arts-informed Participatory Qualitative Inquiry." Thesis, Boston College, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108937.
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Thesis advisor: M. Brinton Lykes<br>Every day Muslim women in the United States wake up to a harsh political world that attacks their identities, communities, and freedom. In this context, Muslim women endure immense psychological tolls on their sense of identity, safety, and relationships. For many of them, walking out the door and claiming their Muslim identity is an act of political resistance. Despite the disempowerment they may experience, many engage in social actions to resist these oppressive forces. Yet, Muslim women activists have received strikingly little attention in the psychological literature. To date, no research has explored the psychosocial experiences of Muslim women who engage in activism, nor the meanings they make of these engagements or their trajectories of resistance. Using a participatory research approach informed by art-based inquiry techniques, this inductive qualitative study explored 10 Muslim women activists’ trajectories into and experiences of engaging in social action. A constructivist theoretical model of Muslim women activists' processes of resistance and community liberation was developed through qualitative inductive analyses of in-depth interviews and participants’ illustrations. Eight “clusters” have been configured to map a model that represents both processes and outcomes of how these 10 women engaged, experienced, and made meaning of their activism. They include: (1) living in a post 9/11 sociopolitical context; (2) navigating the Muslim community context; (3) internal experiences of being a Muslim woman; (4) guiding ideals toward activism journey; (5) development of political analyses; (6) resistance actions toward social change; (7) burdens and benefits of engagement in resistance; and (8) supportive forces in the process of resistance. Although only representative of 10 participants, the model is sufficiently theorized to suggest that life in a multiply traumatizing context shapes Muslim women activists’ experiences, precluding and contributing to their persistence and resistance throughout and during their engagement in social change work. Political analyses and ideals are vital in their descriptions of their trajectories of becoming activists. Benefits and burdens that are inevitable in social change work include both the thrill and fun of engaging in activism as well as the costs to relationships and conflicts inherent in such work. Finally, encouragement by other Muslims and allies is discussed as a valuable source of support to Muslim women activists. Limitations are discussed and implications are proposed to inform possibilities for future healing centered research and action<br>Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2020<br>Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education<br>Discipline: Counseling, Developmental and Educational Psychology
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Whatley, Cierra K. "Black Women's Experiences with Street Harassment: A Qualitative Inquiry." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron153685678409421.
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Sheets, Alicia Joy. "Characteristics of Dental Hygiene Practice Owners: A Qualitative Inquiry." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu158586922316276.
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Thomas, M. Lori. "Faith-Based Organizations and Legislative Advocacy: A Qualitative Inquiry." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1329.
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Since the early 1990s, religion and matters of faith and spirituality have become a focal point in numerous arenas beyond the individual and traditionally sacred. With President George W. Bush's White House Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives of 2001, the Charitable Choice provision of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act that preceded it in 1996, and the myriad of legal challenges that followed, matters of religion have become paramount in political discourse regarding social welfare. The viability of faith-based social service provision and the organizations providing the direct services have been the focus of speculation, debate, and a growing amount of research. Few studies, however, have explored the role of faith-based advocacy or lobbying organizations in shifting the social welfare climate, in proposing or opposing policy changes in the social welfare system, or in defining social welfare. Little is empirically known about the organizational dynamics of religious advocacy groups whose attempts at structural influence are, in part, affected by theological positions and religiously-informed values.Considering the dearth of research on such organizations, particularly those that operate on the state level, this study explored faith-based advocacy organizations that seek to influence social policy in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Within an interpretive paradigmatic and theoretical framework that allowed for the exploration of meaning associated with advocacy activities, the inquiry asked the following questions, How do faith-based organizations engage in legislative advocacy in the Commonwealth of Virginia? What meaning do the organizations assign to their advocacy activities? The inquiry's findings, congruent with interpretive research assumptions, are tentative in nature and suggest that while the focal organizations' advocacy activities appear similar to other interest groups, their religious mandates for action distinguish them from their secular counterparts. Interpretations of these mandates significantly influence the organizations' decision-making, their representation of multiple constituencies, and their definitions of success. Unlike previous studies that suggest these organizations distance themselves from insider politics, the religious advocates in the study suggest that fidelity to their mandate means actively participating in the political process while retaining their unique voice as representatives of God and religious traditions.
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Adams, Lisa G. Suh Suhyun. "Weight bias amongst counselors-In-training a qualitative inquiry /." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1438.
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Trullols, Soler Esther. "Validation of qualitative analytical methods." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9004.
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La informació química sobre la composició d'una mostra pot ser molt diversa: des de saber de quins analits es composa un cert material a saber exactament en quina quantitat s'hi troben o de quina forma hi són presents, si estan relacionats estructuralment entre ells, etc. <br/> D'acord amb tota aquesta varietat, els mètodes analítics es classifiquen en dos grans grups: els mètodes d'anàlisi qualitativa i els mètodes d'anàlisi quantitativa. Segons les característiques del problema analític es triarà un o altre tipus de mètode d'anàlisi. Quan l'objectiu és saber què hi ha en una mostra desconeguda, un mètode qualitatiu serà el mes adequat. En els darrers temps, aquests mètodes han estat objecte d'estudi, i s'utilitzen avui dia, en molts camps d'aplicació. Per exemple, en l'anàlisi d'aliments és habitual l'ús d'un mètode qualitatiu per determinar si un o més analits es troben presents en la mostra per sobre o per sota d'una determinada concentració. <br/> Però si l'interès és saber la quantitat d'un determinat component en una mostra, l'opció d'un mètode quantitatiu serà la més adient. <br/><br/> Aquesta tesi s'ha centrat en els mètodes d'anàlisi qualitativa pels nombrosos avantatges que presenten. Aquests mètodes poden ajudar a destriar mostres en funció de si aquestes presenten una quantitat d'un cert analit al voltant d'un valor de concentració prèviament establert, abans de ser quantificades. És a dir, s'utilitzen com a pas previ a l'aplicació del mètode quantitatiu, implicant un estalvi de feina, de temps i de diners important si es tracta de quantificar contaminants, detectar adulteracions o qualsevol altra situació en la que no es pugui sobrepassar una certa concentració. En aquests casos només s'ha de quantificar la mostra que en el mètode qualitatiu revela un resultat en el que es sobrepassa aquesta certa concentració. <br/> En d'altres àmbits d'aplicació, els mètodes qualitatius estan perfectament integrats en el procediment estàndard d'operacions, pel que, llevat en situacions molt específiques, un resultat positiu no necessita ser confirmat mitjançant una anàlisi posterior amb un mètode quantitatiu.<br/><br/> A més de la importància de triar un mètode analític adequat a cada problemàtica, cal destacar que és igual d'important tenir fiabilitat sobre el resultat trobat i, per tant, sobre el mètode emprat. Això vol dir que qualsevol mètode analític ha de tenir definits els seus requeriments i qualitats analítiques i que s'ha de comprovar que aquests paràmetres prèviament definits, realment tenen el valor que se'ls ha assignat. D'aquesta confirmació se'n diu Validació, i és una condició indispensable per a poder emprar un mètode analític. D'aquesta manera es poden garantir els resultats demanats pels clients/usuaris. A més, des de l'aprovació de la norma ISO 17025 aquesta comprovació del mètode analític i dels seus resultats encara s'ha fet més recomanable.<br/><br/> Fins fa poc temps, la validació de mètodes analítics s'ha centrat en els mètodes quantitatius. El resultat ha estat una sèrie de guies/pautes perfectament establertes d'ús molt comú. Però no hi ha cap protocol general per a validar un mètode qualitatiu. Amb aquesta tesi es vol contribuir a millorar aquesta situació.<br/><br/> Es comença amb una revisió de les classificacions i de les definicions lligades a aquests mètodes, a més d'un repàs sobre quines institucions han fet esment d'aquest tema. Es segueix amb una proposta de classificació d'aquests mètodes i, finalment, es defineixen aquells paràmetres de qualitat que es consideren més importants en la validació. <br/><br/> En les tres aplicacions pràctiques presentades es descriuen les característiques intrínseques del mètode d'anàlisi qualitativa. Després, es defineixen els paràmetres que s'adeqüen millor als requeriments del mètode i, finalment, es proposa un protocol de validació que permet el seu establiment.<br/><br/> El cas de la revisió de les classificacions i definicions emprades en aquest àmbit, com en el cas de la presentació de les contribucions corresponents a diferents institucions, s'han traduït en dues publicacions que s'adjunten en la tesi. Pel que fa a les aplicacions pràctiques, una d'elles també s'inclou com a article publicat i les altres dues, s'inclouen com a articles acceptats.<br>The chemical information about the composition of a sample can be of different nature: which species are in the sample, their concentration or if they are structurally related, etc. <br/> In order to fit any of these requirements, either a qualitative or a quantitative analytical method may be used. If the aim is to identify species, a qualitative method will suit the problem at hand. These types of methods have been recently studied and nowadays are being increasingly used in several fields of analysis. For example, it is common to use qualitative methods as far as food analysis is concerned.<br/> On the contrary, if the aim is to quantify one or more analytes of a sample, a quantitative method will be very useful.<br/><br/> This thesis has focused on qualitative analytical methods because they provide several advantages and they are being increasingly used. These types of methods can screen samples according to the presence or absence of certain analytes with regard to a pre-set level of concentration. That is to say, they are used as a step before the quantitative method and results in lower analysis time and costs because analyte quantification is not required in all situations.<br/> There are some particular analysis fields where qualitative methods are used as routine methods. Therefore, analyte quantification is not always necessary.<br/><br/> Moreover, it is also important to provide reliable results, that is to say, to assure that the method performs with reliability. Any analytical method must have its requirements and its analytical properties previously defined, and their values must be proven. To confirm that the requirements and the analytical properties are the right ones and to confirm that they have the right values is to validate the analytical method. This is a necessary condition to use an analytical method. In this sense, the reliability of the results given to the clients or to the users is assured. Moreover, the ISO Standard 17025 strongly encourages method validation. <br/> Method validation has focused on quantitative methods. Therefore and as a result, there are more standards or guidelines addressed to quantitative methods validation. These guidelines are commonly used by several communities of practitioners. However, there is no generally accepted standard or validation procedure addressed to qualitative methods. In this sense, this thesis aims to contribute with the development of several validation procedures.<br/><br/> The starting point is to provide an overview as a result of a bibliographic search concerning qualitative methods validation. This overview includes the criteria existing for qualitative methods classification as well as the institutions committed the validation of these methods. After that, a classification of these methods is suggested and the most relevant performance parameters in the validation process are defined.<br/> The subsequent practical applications describe the intrinsic characteristics of the corresponding qualitative analytical method. After that, the performance parameters that best fit the requirements and the characteristics of the method are defined and, finally, a validation strategy is proposed. Bear in mind, that the strategy considers the intrinsic characteristics of the analytical method.<br/><br/> The overview including relevant aspects such as qualitative methods classification, performance parameters definitions and the institutions committed to qualitative method validation, among others, are presented as two publications included in the thesis. Regarding the three practical applications, they are presented as three accepted papers.
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Poppleton, Lawrence. "Qualitative social inquiry and state of the environment reporting : can qualitative social inquiry make a contribution to the state of the environment reporting? /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envp831.pdf.
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Van, der Berg Louis Jan. "The experience of female cyclists participating in a cycling club at a South African university." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05192008-113718.
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Manning, Nathan Paul, and nathan manning@adelaide edu au. "Young People and Politics: Apathetic and Disengaged? A Qualitative Inquiry." Flinders University. Sociology, 2007. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20070903.180304.
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This thesis is an examination of the prominent discourse which claims young people are apathetic and disengaged from politics. It is argued that this discourse is based upon two faulty conceptual assumptions, firstly, that youth is a period of linear transition to adulthood, and secondly, that the discourse unreflexively applies an unproblematised notion of politics which has its origin in the eighteenth century Scottish Enlightenment. The research used in-depth qualitative interviews to explore the ways in which young people operating across the political spectrum understand and practice politics. These qualitative findings add to existing studies of young people and politics, which are predominantly quantitative in approach. The findings suggest that the Scottish Enlightenments narrow, regulatory, liberal model of politics is the hegemonic model of politics for participants. However, this hegemony is challenged by participants own political practices, the collapse of liberalisms public/private divide under conditions of late modernity, and an interconnected sense of self. Moreover, contrary to the discourse of apathetic and disengaged youth, that there are a number of ways of understanding and practicing politics, particularly in light of social processes such as individualisation, new social movements, and consumerism driving recent social change.
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Jaffe, Christy Thorne. "Multiple Perspectives on Georgia's Early Intervention Program: A Qualitative Inquiry." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07282006-144652/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2006.<br>Title from title screen. Joel Meyers, committee chair; Barbara Meyers, Ramona W. Matthews, Christine Siegel, committee members. Electronic text (146 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Aug. 15, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-135).
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Goldsmith, Laurie J. Ricketts Thomas C. "Access to health care for disadvantaged individuals a qualitative inquiry /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,973.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.<br>Title from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 18, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health." Discipline: Health Policy and Administration; Department/School: Public Health.
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Lal, Shalini. "Resilience in youth recently diagnosed with psychosis : a qualitative inquiry." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43435.
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BACKGROUND: Psychotic disorders are among the most disabling health issues affecting young people today. Clinical and psychosocial interventions are considered to have the most potential for preventing the disabling consequences of this illness during the first two to five years following the onset of a psychotic disorder. The development of interventions for this stage of the illness is partially dependent upon understanding how young people build resilience within the context of their daily lives. Yet, little research has been conducted on resilience particularly based on the narrative accounts of youth themselves.
OBJECTIVE: To better understand how youth recently diagnosed with a psychotic disorder restore, sustain, and enhance their resilience (capacity to cope with adversity), and how aspects of the environment, and the activities they engage in, support and/or hinder this process.
METHODS: Using a qualitative approach, combining grounded theory, narrative, and arts-based methods at different stages of the research process, 17 young people, between the ages of 18 to 24, diagnosed with psychosis within the past three years, were recruited from two Canadian mental health care settings: a specialized early psychosis intervention program and a general psychiatric service for street youth. Over the duration of 1 year, 36 individual interviews and three focus group meetings were conducted, supplemented by participants’ creation of biographical, literary and visual accounts. Prolonged engagement, methodological crystallization, transparency, and reflexivity enhance the rigour and trustworthiness of the findings.
RESULTS: Data analysis led to the explication of normalizing-identity work, a psychosocial process that involves navigation towards and engagement in narrative practices and highly valued activities to enhance one’s normal sense of self and identity, in conjunction with the social, structural, and technological environment’s capacity to facilitate access to this process in meaningful ways.
CONCLUSION: The findings illustrate that a key pathway through which participants sustain, restore, and enhance their resilience is engagement in identity work. The findings contribute to theoretical and empirical knowledge that further understanding of the phenomena of resilience, well-being, and psychosocial recovery in relation to youth recently diagnosed with psychosis, as well as offer practical implications for the specialized field of early psychosis intervention.
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Kingsley, Joanne Elizabeth. "Literacy instruction in a constructivist elementary classroom : a qualitative inquiry." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103205.
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This study is a response to the need to support literacy development in an increasingly diverse and complex culture. Some school boards have identified early literacy as a priority for school improvement and there has been much debate about what constitutes effective literacy instruction. The Quebec Education Program (2001) recommends adopting a constructivist approach that embeds literacy instruction within interdisciplinary learning situations. Some teachers ask what a constructivist classroom looks like in practice. In light of teacher and school board concerns this study examines the literacy practices of a grade two/three elementary teacher in order to address the question, how does literacy learning occur within an espoused constructivist classroom? Besides describing the literacy events themselves, the role of context and the teacher in the literacy learning are examined.<br>Using a qualitative research methodology, the dynamic interactions between and amongst teacher and students were documented. Participant observation utilized photographs, audio and video taped lessons, semi-formal interviews as well as student work and teacher materials to provide a rich description of classroom practice. The researcher used both categorizing and contextualizing strategies to complement each other in a rigorous and systematic analytical process. Visual research methodology augmented the richness of the study.<br>The researcher discovered four major steps in a dance between teacher and students that developed literacy skills in a caring environment by nurturing self-esteem and self-regulation in learners. The teacher designed a peer tutoring program with first grade students in which literacy skills instruction was embedded within an authentic context that responded to second language learners with learning challenges. The teacher's roles as director, philosopher, enabler and connector were explored and a mirror image of students and teacher were provided through a narrative tracing of three focus students.<br>Besides describing the literacy practices of the teacher, this study uncovered a spiritual dimension of the teacher's role in that she began from the sacred space of teaching from the heart. Using gentle judgment and praise she built self-esteem by reflecting back to her students an image of competent, intelligent, human beings. Her spiritual epistemology enabled her to create a harmonious balance of responsible freedom within a flexibly structured environment. The spiritual dimension that emerged through the study suggests that research of literacy practices needs to include an examination of the role of the teacher in developing students' identities as self-confident members of a literacy community.
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MacMillan, Emily. "The Voices of Parents in the Classroom: A Qualitative Inquiry." Thesis, Boston College, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/736.
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Thesis advisor: Lisa Dodson<br>This paper explores the ways in which nine parents experience their children's high school. Although the high school is in the inner city of Boston and serves mostly children of color from working-class and poor families, the parents hold themselves to expectations based on middle-class and dominant societal norms. They experience the school as an institution that often does not live up to its responsibilities to educate and protect their children. The parents then place most of these responsibilities for their children's educations on themselves, both to ensure their children's futures and to prevent any negative judgments from being made about their parenting. This paper attempts to allow parents to tell the story of their children's school in their own voices and to begin to resist the ways that inner-city parents have been constructed in the literature in the past. In order for urban education to truly change, the voices of parents must be allowed into the conversation and this paper attempts to begin the recognition of those voices<br>Thesis (MA) — Boston College, 2009<br>Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: Sociology
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Rochester, Brian L. "A Qualitative Inquiry into Public Perceptions of Unmanned Aviation Safety." Thesis, Oklahoma State University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10789375.
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<p> The purpose of this research was to qualitatively study the public’s trust and knowledge of unmanned aviation safety through data collection by interviewing research subjects. The researcher sought to determine whether the research subjects would be willing to fly as passengers in Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS), and if publicity about the UAS industry, its development and integration into the National Airspace System (NAS) have influenced their perceptions of UAS safety, which could affect their decision to travel as passengers in UAS in the future. The researcher also examined data to identify if any observable Dunning-Kruger Effect existed that would suggest if any of the subjects believed they had more knowledge about the factors that affect UAS safety than what they knew when deciding whether to fly as passengers in UAS.</p><p>
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White, Mickey E. "Shifting Identities: A Qualitative Inquiry of Black Transgender Men's Experiences." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1538729/.
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The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to explore Black transgender men's experiences navigating systems of racism and transphobia. To this end, I utilized a critical race theory and intersectionality theory framework to answer the following question: What are Black transgender men's experiences with power, privilege, and oppression? The ten Black transgender men and transmasculine people who participated in this study provided detailed and moving accounts of their experiences with systems of oppression. Six major themes were prominent throughout participant narratives: (1) developing an empowered view of self, (2) navigating double consciousness, (3) having a target on your back, (4) strategies of resilience, (5) culture of silence, and (6) finding quality care. Overall, participants offered insight and keen awareness of their intersecting racial and gender identities, as well as speaking intimately about how the shift from societal perceptions and identification as a Black woman to a Black man impacted their sense of self and views of the world. Additionally, implications and conclusions drawn from the stories of participants offer recommendations for counselors, mental health professionals, practitioners, and programs to consider implementing to provide culturally responsive and competent care to Black transgender men.
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Glassman, Hannah. "Negotiating group membership in Alcoholics Anonymous: A critical qualitative inquiry." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29956.
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Introduction
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is an international mutual aid/peer-to-peer organisation designed to support anyone who wants to stop drinking alcohol. It is well-established that AA membership typically involves the adoption of a distinct “alcoholic” identity, with new members generally learning that they have no control over alcohol and need to perform specific AA-recommended actions to remain abstinent. Studies have demonstrated that the adoption of AA’s prototypical “alcoholic” identity can be an effective means of maintaining abstinence and improving overall wellbeing. However, critics have denounced AA for propagating a highly prescriptive narrative to understand the nature of problematic alcohol use and recovery. AA has also been frequently criticised for being underpinned by an outdated medical model of “alcoholism” and Christian ideology.
Given the organisation’s contentiousness, there is a need for balanced research that considers and integrates the perspectives of both its defenders and critics. To better understand AA’s strengths and weaknesses, the overarching objective of this thesis was to critically explore varied individual experiences in AA. In particular, this thesis aimed to investigate the processes and outcomes of negotiating group membership in AA, including accepting, resisting, and/or rejecting AA ideology and practices.
Methods
To collate and critique the existing literature base, a systematic literature search and critical review of 21 qualitative interview studies with AA members was conducted (Chapter 2). Interviews with 11 ex-members of AA were then examined using an interactionist conception of “social career” involving conversion and deconversion as a guiding theoretical framework, exploring their experiences of integrating into AA and the reasons why they ultimately rejected AA ideology and practices (Chapter 3). Interviews with 15 AA members were interpreted with a “politics of belonging” theoretical lens, identifying the aspects of AA ideology and practices that were negotiable, as well as those that had to be adopted entirely to belong comfortably (Chapter 4). Finally, 19 prospective interviews conducted over 12-18 months examined the experiences of six AA members and were analysed using a “master narrative” theoretical perspective, highlighting both the benefits and costs of adopting AA ideology and practices (Chapter 5).
Results
The systematic review (Chapter 2) found that past qualitative interview studies in this field have mostly reported the positive experiences of members who had accepted AA ideology and practices. Common themes across the reviewed studies included that “alcoholics” are “powerless” over alcohol, need to hit “rock bottom” to achieve abstinence, and undergo positive personal changes as a result of their AA involvement. Results highlighted several issues with the methodological quality of the reviewed articles, including a lack of critical positioning in introductory literature reviews or researcher positionality statements.
Prominent findings across the empirical studies (Chapters 3-5) related to members’ varied experiences accepting, resisting, or rejecting AA ideology and practices. While several small-scale components of AA ideology and practices were able to be modified or resisted by current members (e.g., constructing a personalised conception of a “higher power”), identifying as being powerless over alcohol was found to be a non-negotiable element of AA membership (Chapter 4). Findings also suggested that membership typically involves internalising the overarching narrative that “alcoholics” are emotionally and mentally sick (above and beyond problems with alcohol) and need AA to achieve and maintain wellness (Chapter 5). Ex-members reported ultimately rejecting various aspects of AA ideology and practices, such as the notions that they were powerless over alcohol, chronically sick, and needed to perform AA-recommended actions to maintain their recovery (Chapter 3). They commonly described AA’s understandings of “alcoholism” and approach to recovery as overpathologising, moralising, and detrimental to their sense of self and intellectual freedom. In contrast, most current members reported wholly positive experiences from accepting AA ideology and practices and valued their AA membership for supporting their abstinence, increasing their self-insight, and providing a routine of daily actions that enhanced their sense of wellbeing (Chapter 5).
Findings additionally highlighted that the collective acceptance of AA ideology and practices within its peer-to-peer system can promote a level of conformity that can be constraining for individual members. Although identifying as having a shared disease of “alcoholism” generally provided a strong sense of belonging for members (Chapter 4), those who had left AA problematised the social forces that promoted the adoption of shared self-understandings and worldviews (Chapter 3). Ex-members discussed their integration into AA as a problematic “indoctrination” or “brainwashing” process and commonly sought assistance to “deprogram” from the beliefs they had adopted (Chapter 3). The analysis of current members’ responses similarly indicated that the internalisation of AA’s narrative within its peer-to-peer system can hinder members’ abilities to develop their own independence and individuality (Chapter 5). Overall, findings emphasised that the general acceptance of AA’s strong core narrative within the AA community can make it difficult for members to comfortably resist or reject aspects of AA, or to explore or embrace beliefs or behaviours that challenge AA.
Conclusion
This thesis enhances our understanding of how AA membership can be negotiated and the complexities and nuances inherent across individual experiences in AA. In particular, it illuminates key strengths and weaknesses of AA’s peer-to-peer structure and its strong core narrative that is internalised and embodied by members. It introduces a number of conceptual, practical, and ethical issues to consider, and highlights the importance of researching AA through theoretical frameworks that can produce balanced and critical analyses. Further research is required to more fully comprehend experiences in AA across larger and varied samples.
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Franze-Cox, Kimberly Ann. "A qualitative inquiry on the impact of family preservation programs." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2465.
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This project focuses on the impact of family preservation programs on family functioning through a qualitative follow up study of the Child Abuse Prevention Intervention and Treatment (CAPIT) program at Pacific Clinics in Yucca Valley, California. The results found that family functioning (particularly in areas of interpersonal skills and communication) had improved since completion of the program. Improvement was correlated with the service content of the program and with counselor characteristics. Due to limitations, including sample size (n=9), results cannot be generalized.
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Aramini, Riccardo. "Computational inverse scattering via qualitative methods." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368061.
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This Ph.D. thesis presents a threefold revisitation and reformulation of the linear sampling method (LSM) for the qualitative solution of inverse scattering problems (in the resonance region and in time-harmonic regime):
1) from the viewpoint of its implementation (in a 3D setting), the LSM is recast in appropriate Hilbert spaces, whereby the set of algebraic systems arising from an angular discretization of the far-field equation (written for each sampling point of the numerical grid covering the investigation domain and for each sampling polarization) is replaced by a single functional equation. As a consequence, this 'no-sampling' LSM requires a single regularization procedure, thus resulting in an extremely fast algorithm: complex 3D objects are visualized in around one minute without loss of quality if compared to the traditional implementation;
2) from the viewpoint of its application (in a 2D setting), the LSM is coupled with the reciprocity gap functional in such a way that the influence of scatterers outside the array of receiving antennas is excluded and an inhomogeneous background inside them can be allowed for: then, the resulting 'no-sampling' algorithm proves able to detect tumoural masses inside numerical (but rather realistic) phantoms of the female breast by inverting the data of an appropriate microwave scattering experiment;
3) from the viewpoint of its theoretical foundation, the LSM is physically interpreted as a consequence of the principle of energy conservation (in a lossless background). More precisely, it is shown that the far-field equation at the basis of the LSM (which does not follow from physical laws) can be regarded as a constraint on the power flux of the scattered wave in the far-field region:
if the flow lines of the Poynting vector carrying this flux verify some regularity properties (as suggested by numerical simulations), the information contained in the far-field constraint is back-propagated to each point of the background up to the near-field region, and the (approximate) fulfilment of such constraint forces the L^2-norm of any (approximate) solution of the far-field equation to behave as a good indicator function for the unknown scatterer, i.e., to be 'small' inside the scatterer itself and 'large' outside.
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Aramini, Riccardo. "Computational inverse scattering via qualitative methods." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2011. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/556/1/PhD-Thesis-Aramini.pdf.
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This Ph.D. thesis presents a threefold revisitation and reformulation of the linear sampling method (LSM) for the qualitative solution of inverse scattering problems (in the resonance region and in time-harmonic regime):
1) from the viewpoint of its implementation (in a 3D setting), the LSM is recast in appropriate Hilbert spaces, whereby the set of algebraic systems arising from an angular discretization of the far-field equation (written for each sampling point of the numerical grid covering the investigation domain and for each sampling polarization) is replaced by a single functional equation. As a consequence, this 'no-sampling' LSM requires a single regularization procedure, thus resulting in an extremely fast algorithm: complex 3D objects are visualized in around one minute without loss of quality if compared to the traditional implementation;
2) from the viewpoint of its application (in a 2D setting), the LSM is coupled with the reciprocity gap functional in such a way that the influence of scatterers outside the array of receiving antennas is excluded and an inhomogeneous background inside them can be allowed for: then, the resulting 'no-sampling' algorithm proves able to detect tumoural masses inside numerical (but rather realistic) phantoms of the female breast by inverting the data of an appropriate microwave scattering experiment;
3) from the viewpoint of its theoretical foundation, the LSM is physically interpreted as a consequence of the principle of energy conservation (in a lossless background). More precisely, it is shown that the far-field equation at the basis of the LSM (which does not follow from physical laws) can be regarded as a constraint on the power flux of the scattered wave in the far-field region:
if the flow lines of the Poynting vector carrying this flux verify some regularity properties (as suggested by numerical simulations), the information contained in the far-field constraint is back-propagated to each point of the background up to the near-field region, and the (approximate) fulfilment of such constraint forces the L^2-norm of any (approximate) solution of the far-field equation to behave as a good indicator function for the unknown scatterer, i.e., to be 'small' inside the scatterer itself and 'large' outside.
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Napolitano, Amanda. "Graduate Students’ Beliefs and Perceptions of Student Engagement and Learning Platforms in Higher Education." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2017. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/fse_etd/135.
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This applied dissertation was designed to understand and explore the experiences of graduate students at a public four-year higher education institution in the southeastern region of the United States. This study utilized an interview based phenomenological qualitative study design approach for data collection and analysis. Committees in the field of higher education reviewed and approved the interview protocol. The research study and data analysis were conducted in the Spring Semester of 2017. The researcher employed semi-structured interviews that were guided by ten protocol questions. Transcription accuracy, credibility, and trustworthiness were established through diligent adherence to university protocols. The collected data revealed themes that supported the researchers’ understanding of graduate students’ perception of engagement and experiences in face-to-face, online, and blended classroom settings.
The qualitative research study provides in-depth insight for future enrollees and program development. The selected institution’s IRB and Nova Southeastern University’s IRB granted permission to conduct the study. A phenomenological approach was used to maximize exploration of graduate students’ perception of engagement and experiences in face-to-face, online, and blended graduate level classroom settings. Ten protocol questions guided the semi-structured interviews. Subsequent to the scheduled 60-minute interviews, Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to describe the meaning of several individuals’ perceptions. The most prevalent theme that emerged was a lack of meaningful social interaction, or student engagement, in online formats. Once the data had been analyzed, recommendations for future research were provided to support the needs of a graduate student population on university campuses.
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Sosenko, Filip. "On the scientific status of interpretive inquiry." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2648.
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Interpretive social science is well established institutionally at universities and research centres. It benefits from this institutional context in terms of prestige, credibility and grants. In comparison with non-interpretive disciplines however, its scientific status is questionable. What elements of it are really scientific and what elements are threats to this scientific character? This problem has been discussed in the past but unfortunately the discussion has gradually dried up without a successful resolution. In my thesis I am revitalising it. I take a systematic rather than historical approach: instead of picking up the discussion where it has been abandoned, I begin with a working definition of science, and analyse to what extent interpretive inquiry meets the requirements of this definition. The structure of my thesis follows this definition in that what is discussed is the three substantial elements of it - theory, research method, and professional quality control. In relation to theory, I pose questions on a range of topics, such as whether interpretive social science is explanatory, and whether it generates new knowledge. In relation to method, I explore, amongst other things, whether qualitative method permits the production of valid and reliable findings. The discussion of professional quality control considers issues around the reporting of findings and the assessment of these findings by others. I complement my analysis by considering three interpretive case studies, exploring both whether they produce theoretical knowledge and reflecting on their methodological strengths and weaknesses. Additionally, I explore the border between interpretive inquiry and non-fiction arts, such as literary reportage and documentary filmmaking, arguing that this border is more blurred than it may first appear.
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Kiridena, Senevi Bandara Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Exploring deeper structures in manufacturing strategy formation processes: a qualitative inquiry." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43643.
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This thesis reports on an empirical investigation into manufacturing strategy (MS) formation in practice. The broad objective is to advance the understanding of MS processes through constructing consistent patterns in decision-making and action-taking relating to the manufacturing structure and infrastructure of the organisations studied. Using a combined "Grounded Theory - Case Study" approach, nine organisations within the metal products, machinery and equipment manufacturing sectors in Australia were studied, in order to address the following research questions: How are competitive priorities arrived at and translated into decisions and actions regarding the manufacturing structure and infrastructure? What are the consistent patterns of manufacturing strategy formation within specific organisational contexts and why those patterns exist that way? Qualitative data gathered through interviews conducted with the management staff - based on the sequences of events, actions and decisions, as well as other broader aspects of MS - were analysed by means of progressive coding. The themes, relationships and conceptual schemas emerged through the coding process are presented using narratives and graphical displays. The overall findings are presented in aggregate terms using a conceptual model, supplemented by several theoretical propositions. Deeper structures in MS processes represent linear and parallel, converging and diverging and sequential and iterative progression of strategic initiatives across four major phases identified as initiation, progression, commitment and realisation. The multiple modes of initiation, alternative paths of consolidation and differing forms of commitment and realisation are explained by the nature of strategic initiatives, the causal links between the modes themselves and the influence of certain organisational contextual factors. When enfolded in extant literature, these findings make two major contributions. First, apart from corroborating the complex and dynamic nature of MS formation in practice, they explicate the underlying patterns and alternative forms of MS formation. Second, they demonstrate some causal relationships between alternative forms of MS formation and certain contextual factors. These insights would inform future research, leading towards the development of a plausible mid-range theory of MS processes. They would also help practitioners to better understand the dynamics of MS formation and to nurture appropriate forms of MS formation within specific organisational settings.
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Busch, Kathryn. "A qualitative inquiry into my journey of learning as an artist." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ64092.pdf.
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Cameron, Jay L. "PETE reactions to standards in New York State : a qualitative inquiry." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82692.
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The purpose of this study was to explore changes that occurred in physical education since the introduction of the New York State Standards in 1996 and ways teacher educators perceive related changes in both school and Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) programs. With the release of State and National Standards (NASPE, 1995), associated educational reform, assessment, and accountability have become important in physical education. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with six participants considered experts in state standards. Cote, Salmela, and Russell's (1995) guidelines were used to inductively analyze and interpret the qualitative data. The results of the analysis yielded three categories: (a) reasoning behind standards, which included rationales, developments, and comparisons, (b) impacts of standards, which involved PE effects, PETE reactions, and negative responses, and (c) actions resulting from standards which focused on implementation, leadership, assessments and accountability, and forward directions. Relationships between the properties within each category produced four areas of greatest interest/importance: implementation, PE effects, rationales, and forward directions. The result of this study is a focused look at standards-based reforms in New York State upon which teachers, administrators, PETE professionals, and educational policy makers may reflect.
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Smith, Lauren W. "A QUALITATIVE INQUIRY INTO UNDERSTANDING THE EXPERIENCE OF WILDERNESS FAMILY THERAPISTS." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/116.
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Wilderness therapy is a unique approach to therapy that incorporates nature and experiential learning as a part of the therapeutic process. Wilderness therapy has proven to be a successful means of treatment, but research suggests the importance of family involvement for sustainable change post-wilderness therapy treatment. Wilderness family therapy was created as a result of this research; however, limited research reflects the experience and outcomes of wilderness therapy that includes more intense family involvement. Moreover, research lacks data collected from the therapists within the wilderness family therapy programs. Because the therapist plays an integral role in the success of treatment, it is important to consider the therapist’s experience of providing wilderness therapy, especially wilderness family therapy. The present study used a qualitative phenomenological approach to reach a greater understanding of the experience of wilderness family therapists. Results revealed six major themes that describe this experience including personal background, the role of a wilderness family therapist, positive and affirming experiences, difficult and challenging experiences, advantages of a wilderness family therapy approach, and limitations of a wilderness family therapy approach. Finally, a description was provided that portrays the essence of the experience of a wilderness family therapist.
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Hill, LoBasso Gina. "Exploring innovative opportunity identification in transforming organizational leadership| Exploratory qualitative inquiry." Thesis, Capella University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3611401.
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<p> The problem addressed in this study was to understand processes and mechanisms that provide value-creating experiences in support of organizational innovation. There was a gap in the literature about factors affecting innovative opportunity identification. The research was guided by systems theory, which allowed for recognition of the organizations' ability to recreate their futures and the contention innovation is an organizational journey that can be systemized. Innovation demands all aspects of an organization be challenged and examined, and critical constraints identified. Critical constraints serve as the boundaries for innovational processes that are unique to the organization. The research questions was: How can leaders of participating nonprofit organizations improve value creation during community development organization training program (CDOTP) workshop sessions to support innovative opportunity identification? An exploratory qualitative inquiry which allowed access to the personal experiences of 20 management workshop participants from three participant groups; nonprofit (NP) organizational leaders, workshop creators/presenters and workshop training participants, ages 18 and over. Overall the findings were consistent with the literature reviewed for this study. Results strongly indicated acknowledgement of a leadership gap that keeps individuals and organizations stuck in the status quo. The data analysis revealed factors impeding adaptive capacity building, knowledge sharing, transfer of new learning, motivation, and empowerment were driven by lack of leadership commitment to experiment with new processes and behaviors. The results reinforce a sense of urgency for leaders to challenge the rigidness of the NP culture and explore with new possibilities that recognize value creating experiences and support both organizational innovation and organizational sustainability.</p>
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Vaillancourt, Kourtney Ty. "Reconstructing the Meaning of Fidelity: A Qualitative Inquiry into Swinging Relationships." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26934.
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This dissertation used qualitative methods to gain a richer understanding of the dynamics of swinging relationships. Swinging was defined at the onset of the study as sexual activities that married couples engage in with people other than their spouse. Fourteen people (seven couples) volunteered and were interviewed to gain information about what meaning they assign to their sexual practices, and how they experienced intimacy and power in their relationships. Also included was a distinction between the secrecy and privacy practiced by swingers. Symbolic interactionism and social constructionism provide the theoretical frameworks the study. Computer mediated communication was used to conduct the interviews. Analysis of the data revealed three themes: swinging is only for committed couples, the reinforcement of heteronormative ideals, and a reconstruction of the meaning of fidelity.<br>Ph. D.
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Viren, Vejoya. "Making meaning of conflict: A qualitative inquiry in two preschool classrooms." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27526.
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This qualitative study was conducted to examine the phenomenon of conflict as a relational process as it is played out in the natural settings of two classrooms. The researcher sought to explore the developmental potential that conflict affords children as they try to make meaning of their relationships within the peer culture. It breaks away from the cyclical and linear models of conflict interactions as it tries to understand the reciprocal role of individual and culture in the initiation, sustenance, and resolution of peer conflicts. The study was also designed to explore the researcher role as participator and observer on a continuum with participant at one extreme and observer on the other.
Data for the study were collected through participant observations over a period of two semesters for the first study and five weeks for the second. The purpose was to examine disputes, particularly verbal exchanges made during these disputes, for insights of the child's understanding of the peer dynamics and culture that prevailed in the classrooms. Interpretive analysis of these disputes helped to embed the interactive events in their historical and sociocultural contexts.
The results of this study increase our understanding of the developmental aspects of conflict and give us a glimpse of the meaning children make of their disputes. It reinforces the view that (a) children are capable of managing their conflicts without much adult intervention, (b) that the larger peer culture often dictates the initiation and outcome of conflicts, and (c) that conflicts provide an ideal opportunity for children to develop perspective taking and for testing the terms of their relationship with peers.<br>Ph. D.
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Fishman, Katherine. "WOMEN’S AWARENESS OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN EMERGING ADULTHOOD: A QUALITATIVE INQUIRY." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1492.
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This is a qualitative investigation into women’s awareness of sexual violence during emerging adulthood. Sexual violence refers to any sexual act that is experienced as a threat or violation and takes away an individual’s ability to control intimate contact (Adams, 2005). Current estimates suggest that one in six adult women in the United States has been the victim of rape or attempted rape in her life (Department of Justice, 2015). Women in emerging adulthood (18-28 years old) are three to four times more likely than all women to experience sexual assault, and sexual violence is more prevalent than other crimes on college campuses (Cantor, Fisher, Chinball, Townsend, Lee, 2015). Given the ubiquity of sexual violence, some researchers (e.g., Brison, 2002; Adams, 2005) have argued that the threat of sexual violence harms women. There is a growing body of literature, essays, documentaries, and news reports documenting college women’s experiences of sexual assault. However, the dearth of empirical psychological literature on the impact of women’s knowledge of the possibility of sexual violence impacts them has implications for practitioners and researchers working with women affected by sexual violence. Therefore, a phenomenological approach using semi-structured individual interviews was used in this qualitative investigation of how women in emerging adulthood are aware of the possibility of sexual violence. The study was guided by the following questions 1. How do women in emerging adulthood encounter sexual violence in their lives? 2. How are women in emerging adulthood taught to think about, prepare for, and deal with unwanted sexual encounters? 3. What social forces perpetuate rape culture? Six women in emerging adulthood and enrolled in university courses were interviewed for this study. During the interview process, participants described how they learned about sexual violence, how they think about it in the present day, how their awareness impacts their movement in the world, and how sexual violence impacts their relationships with others. The content of the interviews was analyzed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) as described by Smith, Flowers, and Larkin (2009). Results from the data analysis yielded four superordinate themes: (a) Lack of dialogue about sexual violence, (b) Living with the possibility of sexual assault, (c) Discrepant understandings of sexual violence, and (d) Sexual assault and interpersonal relationships. These themes reflect an awareness of sexual violence that is informed by dominant representations of what sexual assault looks like. Participants’ narratives reflect the struggle of trying to understand their own experiences of sexual violation in a culture that represents narrow depictions of what counts as sexual violence. The participants also expressed hope and optimism for change in the future.
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Currier, Michelle. "Correctional Academic Education: A Qualitative Inquiry of Quality, Value, and Effectiveness." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cahss_jhs_etd/7.
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This study attempted to capture and describe the lived experiences of correctional academic teachers who provide educational services in facilities in the northeastern region of the United States through qualitative phenomenological inquiry. This study strove to provide a deeper understanding of correctional teachers’ perceptions concerning the mission, value, efficacy, and importance of the work that they perform, as well as the resulting approaches they take, in their academic classrooms. Through phenomenological data analysis, the study assessed teachers’ perceptions of the rehabilitative ideal, as well as the role of correctional education program offerings within a rehabilitative framework.
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Thomas, Mariko O. "The Stories We Tell: A Qualitative Inquiry to Multiracial Family Storytelling." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2148.
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A narrative inheritance is comprised of the stories told by family members that are received by a younger generation and used to help construct identity. According to the communication theory of identity, identity is formed through communication. Additionally, the storied resource perspective looks at narratives as a major method of creating and maintaining identity. This study looks at the kinds of narrative inheritance concerning race that people in multiracial families receive and possible ways it affects racial identity formation. Findings from 12 semi-structured interviews indicate that narratives of racism, cultural pride, and hardship are prevalent in multiracial families. Additionally, findings show that varying family structures may affect the transference of racial narratives between generations, which can in turn affect how multiracial children choose to identify themselves racially.
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Westphal, Matthias [Verfasser], and Bernhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Nebel. "Qualitative constraint-based reasoning: methods and applications." Freiburg : Universität, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1119805627/34.
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Liu, Ting. "METHODS DEVELOPMENT IN QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE PROTEOMICS." UKnowledge, 2008. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/838.
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Proteomics based on liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry has developed rapidly in the last decade and become a powerful tool for protein mixtures analysis. LC-MS based proteomics involves four steps, sample preparation, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and bioinformatics. Improvements in each step have extended its applications to new biological research areas. This dissertation mainly focuses on method developments in both qualitative and quantitative proteomics.
The first part of this dissertation focuses on qualitative analysis of T. gondii Parasitophorous Vacuole Membrane (PVM) proteins, which is very important for T. gondii’s survival. The hypothesis of this study is that proteomic approaches coupled with immunoprecipitation using polyclonal antisera as affinity reagents can successfully characterize the proteome of the T. gondii PVM. The “Three-layer Sandwich Gel Electrophoresis” (TSGE) protocol, was developed to contend with efficient salt removal and protein concentration from challenging samples. Furthermore, the TSGE coupled to 2D-LC-MS/MS was proven to be effective with the proteomic analysis of complex protein mixtures like T. gondii whole cell lysate, allowing for high-throughput protein analysis from complex samples. By using the TSGE-2D-LC-MS/MS methodology, we successfully identified 61 proteins from the PVM samples and constructed the PVM proteome.
The second part of this dissertation describes a novel method for selecting an appropriate isocyanate reagent for potential quantitative proteomics application. Our hypothesis is alteration of isocyanate structure will change fragmentation pattern and ESI property of isocyanate modified peptides. The CID property of N-terminal modified peptides by phenyl isocyanate (PIC), phenethyl isocyanate (PEIC) and pyridine-3- isocyanate (PyIC) was systematically studied using LC-ESI-MS/MS. We observed that adjustment of isocyanate structure changed both ESI and fragmentation characteristic of modified peptides. We rationalized the decrease of protonation of PIC and PEIC modified peptides results from the neutral property of the both reagents. The electron withdrawing feature of PyIC leads to significant reduction of fragments during CID. Therefore, we designed a new isocyanate reagent, 3-(isocyanatomethyl) pyridine (PyMIC). The results revealed that PyMIC modified peptides had more suitable ESI properties and generated more sequence-useful fragments compared to PIC, PyIC and even unmodified peptides. PyMIC is a more appropriate labeling reagent for quantitative proteomics applications.