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Journal articles on the topic 'Methods of bioclimate evaluation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Shevchenko, О. "ALGORITHM OF COMPLEX URBAN METEOROLOGICAL ASSESSMENT." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, no. 76-77 (2020): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2020.76-77.4.

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Determining the main patterns influencing the formation of urban meteorological transformations in cities, establishing mechanisms of interaction between components of the urban environment, development of methods, approaches, and preparation of algorithms for obtaining objective information about the urban environment are very important and urgent tasks which determine the development of urban meteorology as a science and have important practical significance. The aim of this work is the development of the algorithm of complex urban meteorological assessment for objective identification of transformations in the atmospheric environment of big cities. The methodological basis of the research is the concept of interaction of urban meteorological components of the city. The results of the latest meteorological studies of urban areas are systematized in this work. It is shown the close relationships between the urban meteorological components (microclimate, bioclimate, air pollution, and climate change and vulnerability to it) and their significant influence on the formation of each other. The necessity of the development of a complex urban meteorological assessment algorithm is substantiated and such an algorithm is offered. The algorithm consists of four basic stages and one which can be realized optionally. The assessment of microclimatic features of separate sites of the territory should be carried out at the first stage. The second stage of the assessment should be the study of the specific urban bioclimate, as the UHI existence, wind speed reduction and associated changes in urban energy balance within the city lead to the formation of specific bioclimatic conditions in urban areas. The third stage of the assessment should be devoted to the evaluation of air pollution levels in the urban environment. The city’s climate change vulnerability assessment should be done at the fourth stage. Features of realization of each stage are described in detail.

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Bistricean, Petruț Ionel, Dumitru Mihăilă, and Gina Lazurca Liliana. "Bioclimatic regionalization of Moldova west of the Prut River." Present Environment and Sustainable Development 11, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pesd-2017-0004.

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Abstract Bioclimatic research for the regionalization of Moldova west of the Prut River (hereinafter Moldova), focused on the use of various climate indexes, is scarce. Using 9 bioclimatic indexes (THI, Pr, Tpr, ISH, TEE, DI THOM, HUMIDEX, SSI and ISE) calculated based on statistical and cartographic methods, we identified, delineated and outlined the major characteristics of the three bioclimates of Moldova. Following our analysis, three bioclimatic regions were identified: the cold, wet and windy bioclimate, the comfortable bioclimate and the warm-dry and contrasting bioclimate. They fall broadly within the existing bioclimatic regionalization and provide new, complementary quantitative and qualitative information.

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Shevchenko, Olga, Sergiy Snizhko, and Andreas Matzarakis. "Recent trends on human thermal bioclimate conditions in Kyiv, Ukraine." Geographia Polonica 93, no. 1 (2020): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/gpol.0164.

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The human-biometeorological conditions in Kyiv (Ukraine) and changes in the frequency of heat stress during the summer period due to recent climate trends were analyzed. The evaluation based on physiologically equivalent temperature (PET). The results revealed the highest probability of thermal comfortable conditions in Kyiv is from the last 10-day period of April to the end of June and from the last 10-day period of August to the end of September. The probability of heat stress reached nearly 90% during the second and third 10-day periods of July. A pronounced increase in thermal stress during the studied heat wave cases (HW), as well as increasing amount of days with heat stress in the period 1991-2015, were found.

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Kanteraki, Alkistis E., Grigorios L. Kyriakopoulos, Miltiadis Zamparas, Vasilis C. Kapsalis, Sofoklis S. Makridis, and Giouli Mihalakakou. "Investigating Thermal Performance of Residential Buildings in Marmari Region, South Evia, Greece." Challenges 11, no. 1 (February 26, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/challe11010005.

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In recent decades, the steady increase of energy consumption from building construction and operations cause atmospheric pollution and significant financial burden, mainly due to the high costs imposed from energy production. This study examines ways under which modern designs of a building can be applied on construction and domestication while following conventional methods of construction, compared to a building that has been constructed and domesticated under bioclimatic architecture. Particularly, two buildings were investigated in terms of the energy consumption incurred, being built on the same seaside area and period of construction and at adjacent plots of the same distance from sea for ease of comparison. The first building (A1) was constructed under the principles of bioclimatic architecture, being also facilitated with green and smart technologies. The second building (A2) was constructed under conventional construction techniques. The energy efficiency of both buildings was calculated by the “TEE KENAK” software, while specific parameters were recorded. Energy classifications of both buildings were valued and a proposed scenario and interventions unveiled the energy classification upgrading from A2 to A1. Our analysis revealed, as also found in the literature, that during thermal energy oscillating conditions, corresponding relative humidity stresses were observed, indicating that the vapor pressure handling should be taken into account towards comfort. The preliminary incremental cost evaluation and comparison of A1 and A2 energy upgrading under the criterion of simple payback period were critically discussed.

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Sadovski, Alexander. "Homoclimate of Iceland’s meteorological stations for comparison with the homoclimate of some northern countries." Arctic Environmental Research, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17238/issn2227-6572.2021.21.1.8.

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In many fields including agroclimatology, pedology, plant introduction, environmental health and agricultural transfer, detection of areas of similar climate is of significant interest. Numerical methods including cluster analysis, similarity measures, and other techniques were used to compare climatic data from Islandian meteorological stations to classify them according to similar homoclimate. Using Euclidean distance and City-block (Manhattan) distance, data from Iceland, Finland, Sweden, Norway, and Alaska state of the USA were analyzed to reveal homoclime. One of the conclusions from the study is that Iceland has a similar climate to Alaska and Norway. Climate change is already affecting agriculture, with effects unevenly distributed across the world. These changes will undoubtedly lead to a reconsideration of the question of allocation of appropriate agricultural crops to given areas and evaluation of bioclimatic resources in territories with similar climate. Results from this study are related to the territory of Iceland, but the approach to classify meteorological stations according to similar homoclimate and reveal homoclime in selected territories is applicable everywhere in the world.

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Giannaros, Theodore M., Dimitrios Melas, and Andreas Matzarakis. "Evaluation of thermal bioclimate based on observational data and numerical simulations: an application to Greece." International Journal of Biometeorology 59, no. 2 (April 27, 2014): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00484-014-0832-6.

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7

Égerházi, L. A., N. Kántor, and T. Gál. "Evaluation and modelling the micro-bioclimatological conditions of a popular playground in Szeged, Hungary." International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2013): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/irase.4.2013.1.8.

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Abstract This paper presents a thermal comfort study of a popular playground in Szeged, Hungary in order to find its optimal land cover and vegetation options. For this assessment simulated micro- and bioclimatological conditions recorded on a typical summer day (12th July 2011) were analysed. The thermal and radiation features of the study area were quantified by two biometeorological indices, Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Mean Radiant Temperature (Tmrt). For the simulation of the meteorological parameters and the bioclimate indices, ENVI-met microclimate model was used. The results confirmed that the modelled areas with different land cover provide a variety of thermal conditions for the visitors; moreover, human thermal sensation was significantly affected by the change of the radiation environment.

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Andryushin, Ilia B., E. A. Valtseva, and N. A. Meshkov. "EVALUATION OF THE GENERAL CLIMATE COMFORT IN THE VOLGA REGION, THE REPUBLIC OF ALTAI AND THE REPUBLIC OF KHAKASSIA." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 11 (November 15, 2019): 1212–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-11-1212-1215.

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Introduction. The problem of the impact of climatic environmental factors on the state of public health and, as a consequence, the exacerbation of chronic diseases in meteosensitive people is considered. Aim of thу study to assess the overall comfort of the climate in the territories of the Volga region (Mari El Republic, Chuvash Republic, and Nizhny Novgorod Region), the Altai Republic and the Khakassia Republic. Material and methods. In order to identify interregional differences in the living conditions of the population, an assessment of the degree of overall climate comfort in the study areas were performed on the most significant climatic and bioclimatic indices. They include: the average temperature in the warm months (July, August) and the coldest month of the year (January), the number of contrasting changes of periods with the same type of weather, the index of weather variability, the severity weather of January by Bodman, the number of days with strong wind of six or more meters per second. Results. The obtained data on the degree of climate comfort was processed using a 5-point scale which highlighted the following intervals: values (Km) ranging from 3.51 to 5 - the most comfortable climatic conditions, (Km) values ranging from 2.86 to 3.5 - comfortable enough climatic conditions, (Km) values in the range from 2.3 to 2.85 - the least comfortable climatic conditions. Conclusions. On the territory of the Volga region, the Altai Republic, and the Khakassia Republic, there are two degrees of comfort conditions: the most comfortable and reasonably comfortable, non-voltage compensatory-adaptive mechanisms in people with diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Climatic conditions are the risk factors for the development of cardiorespiratory disease and the burden of existing chronic diseases, their assessment is necessary for the development of preventive measures.

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Siedlecki, Mariusz. "An evaluation of changes in the bioclimate of Łódź in the light of the tourism climate index." Turyzm/Tourism 25, no. 2 (February 7, 2017): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tour-2015-0002.

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The paper presents basic information concerning bioclimatic conditions in Łódź based on the Tourism Climate Index (TCI). The index makes it possible to assess in a comprehensive manner, based on specified meteorological parameters, the climatic conditions affecting the development of tourism. The study uses measurements from the weather station, Łódź-Lublinek, taken in the years 1966-2014. The TCI values have a distinct annual pattern with the highest values recorded in summer. The summer season has the highest frequency of days with ‘very good’ or ‘excellent’ conditions for tourism. An assessment of the variability of bioclimatic conditions indicates an increase in the number of days with high TCI values pointing to ‘very good’ or ‘excellent’ conditions for tourism and recreation.

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Özşahin, Emre, Çağlar Kıvanç Kaymaz, and Leman Albayrak. "Analysis of the bioclimatical comfortable conditions of Artvin province and its importance in tourismArtvin ilinin biyoklimatik konfor şartlarının analizi ve turizm bakımından önemi." International Journal of Human Sciences 12, no. 2 (November 10, 2015): 1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/ijhs.v12i2.3361.

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<p>Tourism climatology is a popular field of study that deals with the relationship between tourism and climate through approaches such as applied climatology and human biometeorology. One of the subjects studied most in this field is the evaluation of bioclimatic comfort conditions. In recent years, inferences of this sort have been able to be made easily by use of certain indices. This study aims at evaluating and analyzing the bioclimatic comfort conditions of Artvin province by use of GIS. Within the scope of the research aim, monthly values belonging to SET*, PET, PMV, TCI, THI and SSI indices were calculated by use of meteorological data. SET*, PET, and PMV indices were determined via RayMan 1.2 while TCI, THI, and SSI indices were ascertained through Microsoft Excel 2013 supported analyses of various formulas. The obtained values were analyzed through GIS techniques. Also, statistical methods were utilized to make the research findings more meaningful. All in all, the province was seen to have comfortable conditions. This is because; the comfortable (1) class (68.9%) covers a wider area than uncomfortable (0) class (31.1%) in the province. Bioclimatic comfort classes are shaped by geographical position, elevation, and topography in Artvin province. Valleys with an elevation of less than 2000 m and coastal area are comfortable while mountainous areas (Rize, Kaçkar, Karçal, and Yalnızçam mounts) with a higher elevation are uncomfortable. The results of one-way analysis of variance (one-sample t-test) show that bioclimatic conditions have not been taken into consideration much during the planning of tourism accommodation facilities set up in Artvin province. This study evidences that GIS techniques are efficient in research on tourism climatology or bioclimatology and thus they may be used widely.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Özet</strong></p><p>Turizm klimatolojisi, uygulamalı klimatoloji ile insan biyometeorolojisi gibi yaklaşımlarla turizm ve iklim arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen popüler bir çalışma sahasıdır. Bu sahada çalışılan öncelikli konulardan birisi de biyoklimatik konfor şartlarının değerlendirilmesidir. Son yıllarda bu tür çıkarımlar CBS (Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri) destekli olarak bazı indisler yardımıyla kolayca yapılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada CBS kullanılarak Artvin ilinin biyoklimatik konfor şartlarının değerlendirilmesi ve analizinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma amacı kapsamında meteorolojik veriler kullanılarak SET*, PET, PMV, TCI, THI ve SSI indislerine ait aylık değerler hesaplanmıştır. SET*, PET ve PMV RayMan 1.2 yazılımı, TCI, THI ve SSI ise çeşitli formüllerin Microsoft Excel 2013 destekli çözümlenmesiyle saptanmıştır. Ulaşılan değerler CBS teknikleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışma bulgularını daha anlamlı kılmak amacıyla istatistiksel analiz yöntemlerinden de faydalanılmıştır. Sonuçta ilin konforlu şartlar taşıdığı saptanmıştır. Zira ilde konforlu (1) sınıf (% 68,9) konforsuz (0) sınıfa (% 31,1) oranla daha fazla alan kaplamaktadır. Diğer yandan ildeki biyoklimatik konfor sınıflarının coğrafi konum, yükseklik ve topoğrafik şartlara göre şekillendiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda 2000 m yükselti basamağının altındaki vadiler ile kıyı sahası konforlu, üzerindeki dağlık kesimler (Rize, Kaçkar, Karçal ve Yalnızçam dağları) ise konforsuz özelliklere sahiptir. Ayrıca tek yönlü varyans analizi (tek örneklem t-testi) sonuçlarına göre Artvin ilinde yapılmış turizm konaklama tesislerinin planlamalarında biyoklimatik koşulların çok fazla dikkate alınmadığı da belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma sayesinde turizm klimatolojisine veya biyoklimatolojiye yönelik araştırmalarda CBS tekniklerinin verimli olduğu ve yaygın bir şekilde kullanılabileceğini bir kez daha somut olarak anlaşılmıştır.</p>

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Jänicke, Britta, Fred Meier, Marie-Therese Hoelscher, and Dieter Scherer. "Evaluating the Effects of Façade Greening on Human Bioclimate in a Complex Urban Environment." Advances in Meteorology 2015 (2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/747259.

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The evaluation of the effectiveness of countermeasures for a reduction of urban heat stress, such as façade greening, is challenging due to lacking transferability of results from one location to another. Furthermore, complex variables such as the mean radiant temperature(Tmrt)are necessary to assess outdoor human bioclimate. We observedTmrtin front of a building façade in Berlin, Germany, which is half-greened while the other part is bare.Tmrtwas reduced (mean 2 K) in front of the greened compared to the bare façade. To overcome observational shortcomings, we applied the microscale models ENVI-met, RayMan, and SOLWEIG. We evaluated these models based on observations. Our results show thatTmrt(MD = −1.93 K) and downward short-wave radiation (MD = 14.39 W/m2) were sufficiently simulated in contrast to upward short-wave and long-wave radiation. Finally, we compare the simulated reduction ofTmrtwith the observed one in front of the façade greening, showing that the models were not able to simulate the effects of façade greening with the applied settings. Our results reveal that façade greening contributes only slightly to a reduction of heat stress in front of building façades.

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Dallmeyer, Anne, Martin Claussen, and Victor Brovkin. "Harmonising plant functional type distributions for evaluating Earth system models." Climate of the Past 15, no. 1 (February 18, 2019): 335–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-335-2019.

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Abstract. Dynamic vegetation models simulate global vegetation in terms of fractional coverage of a few plant functional types (PFTs). Although these models often share the same concept, they differ with respect to the number and kind of PFTs, complicating the comparability of simulated vegetation distributions. Pollen-based vegetation reconstructions are initially only available in the form of time series of individual taxa that are not distinguished in the models. Thus, to evaluate simulated vegetation distributions, the modelling results and pollen-based vegetation reconstructions have to be converted into a comparable format. The classical approach is the method of biomisation, but hitherto PFT-based biomisation methods were only available for individual models. We introduce and evaluate a simple, universally applicable technique to harmonise PFT distributions by assigning them into nine mega-biomes, using only assumptions on the minimum PFT cover fractions and few bioclimatic constraints (based on the 2 m temperature). These constraints mainly follow the limitation rules used in the classical biome models (here BIOME4). We test the method for six state-of-the-art dynamic vegetation models that are included in Earth system models based on pre-industrial, mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum simulations. The method works well, independent of the spatial resolution or the complexity of the models. Large biome belts (such as tropical forest) are generally better represented than regionally confined biomes (warm–temperate forest, savanna). The comparison with biome distributions inferred via the classical biomisation approach of forcing biome models (here BIOME1) with the simulated climate states shows that the PFT-based biomisation is even able to keep up with the classical method. However, as the new method considers the PFT distributions actually calculated by the Earth system models, it allows for a direct comparison and evaluation of simulated vegetation distributions which the classical method cannot do. Thereby, the new method provides a powerful tool for the evaluation of Earth system models in general.

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Ammari, Tarek G., Yasin Al-Zu’bi, Abeer Al-Balawneh, Ragheb Tahhan, Muhamad Al-Dabbas, Rakad A. Ta’any, and Raihan Abu-Harb. "An evaluation of the re-circulated vertical flow bioreactor to recycle rural greywater for irrigation under arid Mediterranean bioclimate." Ecological Engineering 70 (September 2014): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.03.009.

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Brook, Barry W., H. Resit Akçakaya, David A. Keith, Georgina M. Mace, Richard G. Pearson, and Miguel B. Araújo. "Integrating bioclimate with population models to improve forecasts of species extinctions under climate change." Biology Letters 5, no. 6 (July 22, 2009): 723–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0480.

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Climate change is already affecting species worldwide, yet existing methods of risk assessment have not considered interactions between demography and climate and their simultaneous effect on habitat distribution and population viability. To address this issue, an international workshop was held at the University of Adelaide in Australia, 25–29 May 2009, bringing leading species distribution and population modellers together with plant ecologists. Building on two previous workshops in the UK and Spain, the participants aimed to develop methodological standards and case studies for integrating bioclimatic and metapopulation models, to provide more realistic forecasts of population change, habitat fragmentation and extinction risk under climate change. The discussions and case studies focused on several challenges, including spatial and temporal scale contingencies, choice of predictive climate, land use, soil type and topographic variables, procedures for ensemble forecasting of both global climate and bioclimate models and developing demographic structures that are realistic and species-specific and yet allow generalizations of traits that make species vulnerable to climate change. The goal is to provide general guidelines for assessing the Red-List status of large numbers of species potentially at risk, owing to the interactions of climate change with other threats such as habitat destruction, overexploitation and invasive species.

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Torre, Michael P., Kisei R. Tanaka, and Yong Chen. "A spatiotemporal Evaluation of Atlantic Sea Scallop Placopecten magellanicus Habitat in the Gulf of Maine Using a Bioclimate Envelope Model." Marine and Coastal Fisheries 10, no. 2 (April 2018): 224–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10022.

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Aloise, Gaetano, Mara Cagnin, and Luca Luiselli. "Co-occurrence patterns in independently evolved groups of Mediterranean insectivorous vertebrates (lizards and shrews)." Amphibia-Reptilia 36, no. 3 (2015): 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00002998.

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Soricid mammals and lizards are small-sized, insectivorous vertebrates that are widespread and abundant in Mediterranean habitats. Because of their broad sympatry and their diet similarity, these taxa have been suspected to compete for food. Therefore, co-occurrence patterns between these taxa were studied at 72 sites in southern Italy by means of trapping methods. The assemblages were quite distinct depending on the site bioclimate: for the Lacertidae,Podarcis siculusdominated in the thermo-Mediterranean sites andP. muralisin the temperate sites, whereas, for the soricids,Suncus etruscusand two species ofCrocidurawere dominant in thermo-Mediterranean sites and threeSorexspecies in the temperate sites. The mean number of captured soricids was statistically higher in the temperate sites, and was positively related to the first component of a Principal Component Analysis summarizing three collinear study site variables (elevation, mean annual temperature, annual rainfall), the reverse being true for lizards. Co-occurrence analysis revealed that a non-segregated structure was present in the dataset, whereas a randomization algorithm showed that the assemblage of small mammals and lizards was non-randomly structured, with the frequency distribution of shrews being non-independent by site from that of lizards. However, when we divided the sites by their bioclimatic regime (thermo-Mediterranean versus temperate), the non-randomness of the community structure disappeared, thus demonstrating that interspecific competition was not the main force driving these assemblages of species. The number of shrews captured in each sampling site was however significantly negatively related to the number of lizards, this pattern being linked to the bioclimate of the various sampling sites. Overall, our data indicated that the assemblage of shrews and lizards was likely regulated essentially by local climate and not by synecological (interspecific competition) dynamics.

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Kitano, M. "Dysphagia Evaluation Methods." Nihon Kikan Shokudoka Gakkai Kaiho 69, no. 2 (2018): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2468/jbes.69.162.

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Saputra, Muhammad Hadi, and Han Soo Lee. "Evaluation of Climate Change Impacts on the Potential Distribution of Styrax sumatrana in North Sumatra, Indonesia." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 6, 2021): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020462.

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This study aims to assess the impact of climate change on the distribution of Styrax sumatrana in North Sumatra by applying the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model with biophysical factors (elevation, slope, aspect, and soil), climatic factors (19 bioclimate data sets for 2050 and 2070), and anthropogenic factors (land use land cover (LULC) changes in 2050 and 2070). The future climate data retrieved and used are the output of four climate models from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), namely, the CCSM4, CNRM-CM5, MIROC5, and MRI-CGCM3 models, under the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. The MaxEnt modelling results showed the importance of the mean temperature of the coldest quarter and the LULC variables. Styrax sumatrana rely on environmental conditions with air temperatures ranging from 13 to 19 °C. The potentially suitable land types for Styrax sumatrana are shrubs, gardens, and forests. The future predictions show that the suitable habitat for Styrax sumatrana is predicted to decrease to 3.87% in 2050 and to 3.54% in 2070 under the RCP4.5 scenario. Under the RCP8.5 scenario, the suitable area is predicted to decrease to 3.04% in 2050 and to 1.36% in 2070, respectively. The degradation of the suitable area is mainly due to increasing temperature and deforestation in future predictions. The modelling results illustrate that the suitable habitats of Styrax sumatrana are likely to be reduced under future climate change scenarios or lost in 2070 under the RCP8.5 scenario. The potential future extinction of this species should alert authorities to formulate conservation strategies. Results also demonstrated key variables that should be used for formulating ex situ conservation strategies.

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Russell, Carol M. "Evaluation: Methods and strategy for evaluation-California." Cancer 83, S12A (December 15, 1998): 2755–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19981215)83:12a+<2755::aid-cncr19>3.0.co;2-s.

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Moore, Jane M., and Wendy Bjornson. "Evaluation: Methods and strategy for evaluation-Oregon." Cancer 83, S12A (December 15, 1998): 2770–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19981215)83:12a+<2770::aid-cncr22>3.0.co;2-o.

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Celebucki, Carolyn, Lois Biener, and Howard K. Koh. "Evaluation: Methods and strategy for evaluation-Massachusetts." Cancer 83, S12A (December 15, 1998): 2760–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19981215)83:12a+<2760::aid-cncr20>3.0.co;2-v.

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Loeb, Janet. "Evaluation: Methods and strategy for evaluation-Arizona." Cancer 83, S12A (December 15, 1998): 2766–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19981215)83:12a+<2766::aid-cncr21>3.0.co;2-a.

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Mesa, Ramón Ruiz. "Visual Quality Evaluation Methods." Highlights of Ophthalmology 46, no. 3ENG (2018): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/highlights-46-3-4.

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Padula, Patricia A., and Lawrence W. Friedmann. "Methods of Motion Evaluation." Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America 2, no. 2 (May 1991): 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1047-9651(18)30717-4.

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Butterfoss, Frances D., Vincent Francisco, and Ellen M. Capwell. "Choosing Effective Evaluation Methods." Health Promotion Practice 1, no. 4 (October 2000): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152483990000100404.

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McGraw, Sarah A., Sonja M. McKinlay, Lynne McClements, Thomas M. Lasater, Annlouise Assaf, and Richard A. Carleton. "Methods in Program Evaluation." Evaluation Review 13, no. 5 (October 1989): 459–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193841x8901300502.

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Yamada, Hisaharu. "Evaluation methods for nephrotoxicity." Folia Pharmacologica Japonica 133, no. 3 (2009): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/fpj.133.154.

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Boddington, A. "Methods in research evaluation." Research Evaluation 3, no. 2 (August 1, 1993): 66–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rev/3.2.66.

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McConathy, Deirdre A. "Evaluation methods in visualization." ACM SIGBIO Newsletter 13, no. 1 (February 1993): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/163424.163425.

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Lamont, Andrea E., Robert S. Markle, Annie Wright, Michelle Abraczinskas, James Siddall, Abraham Wandersman, Pam Imm, and Brittany Cook. "Innovative Methods in Evaluation." American Journal of Evaluation 39, no. 3 (August 28, 2017): 364–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098214017709736.

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Traditional methods of evaluation are limited in their ability to answer key questions often of interest to process evaluators, such as heterogeneity in the ways individuals adopt new programs. In this article, we demonstrate how a statistical approach, Latent Class Analysis, can help improve the quality of process evaluations and illustrate its use in an evaluation of an educational technology integration program in a large school district. In this illustration, we were interested in detecting variability in the ways teachers adopted the new program. We defined classes based on a set of innovative teaching strategies associated with educational technology. Results showed five distinct subgroups of teachers, based on level of program adoption. Results also demonstrate that specific school support strategies (professional development and personalized computing devices) facilitated program adoption. These findings can help to inform individualized support for teachers to optimize the ease and quality with which they are able to adopt new skills in the classroom.

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Qayumi, Shahnaz. "Evaluation of Pedagogical Methods." Journal of Investigative Surgery 14, no. 4 (January 2001): 187–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/089419301750420214.

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Guevara, Mario, Michela Taufer, and Rodrigo Vargas. "Gap-free global annual soil moisture: 15 km grids for 1991–2018." Earth System Science Data 13, no. 4 (April 27, 2021): 1711–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1711-2021.

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Abstract. Soil moisture is key for understanding soil–plant–atmosphere interactions. We provide a soil moisture pattern recognition framework to increase the spatial resolution and fill gaps of the ESA-CCI (European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative v4.5) soil moisture dataset, which contains > 40 years of satellite soil moisture global grids with a spatial resolution of ∼ 27 km. We use terrain parameters coupled with bioclimatic and soil type information to predict finer-grained (i.e., downscaled) satellite soil moisture. We assess the impact of terrain parameters on the prediction accuracy by cross-validating downscaled soil moisture with and without the support of bioclimatic and soil type information. The outcome is a dataset of gap-free global mean annual soil moisture predictions and associated prediction variances for 28 years (1991–2018) across 15 km grids. We use independent in situ records from the International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN, 987 stations) and in situ precipitation records (171 additional stations) only for evaluating the new dataset. Cross-validated correlation between observed and predicted soil moisture values varies from r= 0.69 to r= 0.87 with root mean squared errors (RMSEs, m3 m−3) around 0.03 and 0.04. Our soil moisture predictions improve (a) the correlation with the ISMN (when compared with the original ESA-CCI dataset) from r= 0.30 (RMSE = 0.09, unbiased RMSE (ubRMSE) = 0.37) to r= 0.66 (RMSE = 0.05, ubRMSE = 0.18) and (b) the correlation with local precipitation records across boreal (from r= < 0.3 up to r= 0.49) or tropical areas (from r= < 0.3 to r= 0.46) which are currently poorly represented in the ISMN. Temporal trends show a decline of global annual soil moisture using (a) data from the ISMN (-1.5[-1.8,-1.24] %), (b) associated locations from the original ESA-CCI dataset (-0.87[-1.54,-0.17] %), (c) associated locations from predictions based on terrain parameters (-0.85[-1.01,-0.49] %), and (d) associated locations from predictions including bioclimatic and soil type information (-0.68[-0.91,-0.45] %). We provide a new soil moisture dataset that has no gaps and higher granularity together with validation methods and a modeling approach that can be applied worldwide (Guevara et al., 2020, https://doi.org/10.4211/hs.9f981ae4e68b4f529cdd7a5c9013e27e).

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Choi, Yu-Young, Hye-In Chung, Chul-Hee Lim, Jun-Hee Lee, Won-Il Choi, and Seong-Woo Jeon. "Multi-Model Approaches to the Spatialization of Tree Vitality Surveys: Constructing a National Tree Vitality Map." Forests 12, no. 8 (July 29, 2021): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12081009.

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It is essential to maintain the health of forests so that they are protected against a diverse range of stressors and show improved resilience. An area-based forest health map is required for efficient forest management on a national scale however, most national forest inventories are based on in-situ observations. This study examined methodologies to establish an area-based map on tree vitality grade using field survey data, particularly that containing information on several trees at one point. The forest health monitoring dataset of the Republic of Korea was used in combination with 37 satellite-based environmental predictors. Four methods were considered: Multinomial logistic regression (MLR), random forest classification (RF), indicator kriging (IK), and multi-model ensemble (MME) approaches using species distribution models. The MLR and RF produced biased results, whereby almost all regions were classified as first grade; the spatialization results of these methods were considered inappropriate for forest management. The maps produced using the IK and MME methods improved the distinctions between the distributions of five grades compared to the previous two methodologies however, the MME method produced better results, reliably reflecting topographical and climatic characteristics. Comparisons with the vegetation condition index and bioclimate vulnerability index also emphasized the usefulness of the MME. This study is particularly relevant to the national forest managers who struggle to find the most effective forest monitoring and management strategies. Suggestions to improve spatialization of field survey data are further discussed.

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Blank, Lior, Miska Luoto, and Juha Merilä. "Potential effects of climate change on the distribution of the common frog Rana temporaria at its northern range margin." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 59, no. 3 (May 6, 2013): 130–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15659801.2014.888825.

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Climate change is projected to be particularly strong in northern latitudes, and subarctic species are thus likely to be especially susceptible to the effects of climate warming. We forecast potential effects of climate change on the extent of the suitable habitat of the common frog,Rana temporaria,at the margin of its northern range. We investigated 179 potential breeding sites in subarctic Finland and subjected the data to detailed bioclimate envelope modelling using three state-of-the-art techniques: generalized additive models, maximum entropy and generalized boosting methods. Moreover, we included local environmental factors in the models to investigate whether they improve model performance. Under all tested climate change projections and irrespective of the modelling method, the suitable habitat forR. temporariaincreased in warming climate. The inclusion of local abiotic variables significantly improved the performance of the models. However, June temperature appeared to be the most informative variable in all modelling approaches: a major increase in the extent of suitable habitat occurred when it increased by 1°C. Overall, the modelling results indicate that the distribution of northernR. temporariais likely to be very sensitive to climate warming. The results also highlight the fact that overlooking local abiotic variation can significantly bias bioclimatic modelling results.

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Zaborowska, Kornelia, Marianna Trebuňová, Piotr Kurylo, Piotr Pruszyński, Joanna Cyganiuk, and Peter Frankovský. "EVALUATION METHODS OF BONE CONDITION." Acta Tecnología 5, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22306/atec.v5i4.64.

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Zaharia, Adriana, Alina Iliescu, and Mihai Berteanu. "Evaluation methods in idiopathic scoliosis." Health, Sports & Rehabilitation Medicine 20, no. 4 (December 19, 2019): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26659/pm3.2019.20.4.179.

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37

Grabiński, Tadeusz, Barbara Barszcz-Przełożny, Zbigniew Paszek, and Szczepan Urlik. "Classes evaluation: Methods and tools." Skola biznisa, no. 3-4 (2013): 78–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/skolbiz1304078g.

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Machado-da-Silva, Clóvis L. "Qualitative research & evaluation methods." Revista de Administração Contemporânea 7, no. 2 (June 2003): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-65552003000200018.

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39

Saarlas, Kristin Nicholson, Kalenga M. Paluku, Jean-Baptiste Roungou, Jennifer W. Bryce, Joseph F. Naimoli, and El Hadi Benzerroug. "Multiple Methods for Workshop Evaluation." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 27, no. 3 (October 2007): 245–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/iq.27.3.e.

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Evaluation is a necessary component of all training, including workshops. Evaluation can provide information about the teaching and learning that occur during a workshop and document the extent to which long-term objectives were achieved after a workshop. Multiple methods for evaluating the process and outcomes of a regional workshop on Program Planning and Management for Malaria Control were developed and implemented by an evaluation team composed of African program managers and technical assistance partners, all of whom served as workshop trainers. Among the five methods used to assess the process of workshop implementation and participant satisfaction, a questionnaire administered at the close of the two-week workshop was found least useful in improving the training. Much more useful were the results of daily trainers' meetings and of two qualitative evaluation methods: large group feedback sessions and focused group discussions. Among the three methods used to evaluate the workshop outcomes, a review of the quality of the pre- and post-workshop national malaria control program plans by a panel of experts was found to be the most useful in providing information about the extent to which learning objectives were achieved. The involvement of trainers in evaluation activities permitted immediate action based on results. Our experience suggests that during brief workshops, evaluation should not compete with training activities for time and resources but must be considered an essential part of the curriculum. Effective and efficient workshop evaluation will require advance planning by trainers, support and training in evaluation methods for all members of the evaluation team, and advance consideration of how evaluation results will be summarized and translated into action.

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Bhashyam, Srinivas, and Barry D. Davidson. "Evaluation of Data Reduction Methods." AIAA Journal 35, no. 3 (March 1997): 546–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/2.129.

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41

TAKEBAYASHI, Kei H., and Masakazu ENOMURA. "Evaluation Methods for Powder Surfaces." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 75, no. 8 (2002): 384–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.75.384.

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42

Broughton, Walter. "Qualitative Methods in Program Evaluation." American Journal of Health Promotion 5, no. 6 (July 1991): 461–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-5.6.461.

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43

Washiyama, Hiroatsu. "Evaluation methods of facial tissues." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 40, no. 7 (1986): 605–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.40.605.

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44

SONG Shu-mei, 宋淑梅. "Wavefront Gradient Deviation Evaluation Methods." ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA 44, no. 12 (2015): 1211002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/gzxb20154412.1211002.

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45

SAMPEI, Hideyuki. "Evaluation Methods of Solder Wettability." Journal of the Surface Finishing Society of Japan 58, no. 4 (2007): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.58.219.

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46

Saarlas, Kristin Nicholson, Kalenga M. Paluku, Jean-Baptiste Roungou, Jennifer W. Bryce, Joseph F. Naimoli, and El Hadi Benzerroug. "Multiple Methods for Workshop Evaluation." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 15, no. 1 (April 1994): 33–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/60jb-bwby-2c96-unqm.

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Evaluation is a necessary component of all training, including workshops. Evaluation can provide information about the teaching and learning that occur during a workshop and document the extent to which long-term objectives were achieved after a workshop. Multiple methods for evaluating the process and outcomes of a regional workshop on Program Planning and Management for Malaria Control were developed and implemented by an evaluation team composed of African program managers and technical assistance partners, all of whom served as workshop trainers. Among the five methods used to assess the process of workshop implementation and participant satisfaction, a questionnaire administered at the close of the two-week workshop was found least useful in improving the training. Much more useful were the results of daily trainers' meetings and of two qualitative evaluation methods: large group feedback sessions and focused group discussions. Among the three methods used to evaluate the workshop outcomes, a review of the quality of the pre- and post-workshop national malaria control program plans by a panel of experts was found to be the most useful in providing information about the extent to which learning objectives were achieved. The involvement of trainers in evaluation activities permitted immediate action based on results. Our experience suggests that during brief workshops, evaluation should not compete with training activities for time and resources but must be considered an essential part of the curriculum. Effective and efficient workshop evaluation will require advance planning by trainers, support and training in evaluation methods for all members of the evaluation team, and advance consideration of how evaluation results will be summarized and translated into action.

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Sui, Wentao, and Dan Zhang. "Four Methods for Roundness Evaluation." Physics Procedia 24 (2012): 2159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2012.02.317.

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48

Welch, Jill K., and Michael Quinn Patton. "Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods." Modern Language Journal 76, no. 4 (1992): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/330063.

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Lipsey, Mark W., and David S. Cordray. "Evaluation Methods for Social Intervention." Annual Review of Psychology 51, no. 1 (February 2000): 345–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.51.1.345.

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Kinsella, A. "Numerical methods for error evaluation." American Journal of Physics 54, no. 5 (May 1986): 464–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.14588.

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