Academic literature on the topic 'Metod'

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Journal articles on the topic "Metod"

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Hjerm, Mikael. "Metod." Sociologisk Forskning 41, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.37062/sf.41.19363.

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Jamroży, Marcin, Jan Sarnowski, and Artur Tonia. "Użycie metod weryfikacji cen transferowych." Doradztwo Podatkowe - Biuletyn Instytutu Studiów Podatkowych 10, no. 302 (October 29, 2021): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.4506.

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Składana po raz pierwszy za rok podatkowy 2019 w formie elektronicznej informacja TPR zawiera m.in. informacje na temat stosowanych metod weryfikacji cen transferowych. Najczęściej wybierana była metoda marży transakcyjnej netto, która została wykorzystana w 34 174 transakcjach, stanowiących ponad połowę ich łącznej liczby (53%). Najrzadziej stosowaną metodą była metoda podziału zysku, której użyto w 488 transakcjach, co stanowiło poniżej 1% ogólnej liczby zaraportowanych transakcji. Odzwierciedla to unikatowość tej metody, charakterystycznej dla transakcji o wysokim zaangażowaniu unikatowych wkładów, wnoszonych przez podmioty powiązane.
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Klausa, E., A. Misiaszek, W. Kośmider, M. Szymczyk-Nużka, and R. Kozłowski. "Nieinwazyjna metoda pomiaru hemoglobiny – porównanie trzech metod." Acta Haematologica Polonica 44 (July 2013): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.achaem.2013.07.104.

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Jasiewicz, Justyna. "Metody etnograficzne w bibliotekoznawstwie." Przegląd Biblioteczny 86, no. 3 (December 31, 2018): 358–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.36702/pb.434.

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Teza/cel – Celem artykułu było podjęcie próby przeanalizowania obecności i wykorzystania etnograficznych metod badawczych w bibliotekoznawstwie. W związku z tym przeprowadzono analizy w zakresie stosowania obserwacji, badań terenowych oraz badań dzienniczkowych w projektach poświęconych pracownikom, użytkownikom i usługom bibliotek. Metoda – We wnioskowaniu wykorzystano wyniki badań własnych autorki, która przeprowadziła obszerne badanie w zakresie wykorzystania poszczególnych metod badawczych w piśmiennictwie naukowym. Analizy te zostały przeprowadzone w oparciu o zbiór 4832 abstraktów artykułów z 13 czasopism dziedzinowych (11 zagranicznych i 2 polskich najważniejszych tytułów), z lat 2010-2015. W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki dotyczące wykorzystania metod etnograficznych. Analizy ilościowe wzbogacono przeglądem wybranych sposobów stosowania przedmiotowych metod w piśmiennictwie naukowym. Wyniki – W wyniku badania stwierdzono, że metody etnograficzne są w ograniczony sposób stosowane w bibliotekoznawstwie. W literaturze zagranicznej ich występowanie jest rzadkie, zaś w polskiej – incydentalne. Wnioski – Jednocześnie zaprezentowane różnorodne sposoby wykorzystania tych metod w badaniu zagadnień, w których metody deklaratywne są niewystarczające, pozwala sądzić, że potencjał zastosowania metod etnograficznych w badaniach bibliotekoznawczych jest znaczący.
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Kuna, Oktawia, Katarzyna Stachura, and Paweł Niemiec. "Review of respiratory physiotherapy methods in patients with cystic fibrosis." Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis 77 (January 26, 2023): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18794/aams/152302.

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Fizjoterapia oddechowa jest nieodłącznym elementem terapii pacjentów z mukowiscydozą. Pacjenci powinni regularnie, przez całe życie stosować rehabilitację, a także możliwie jak najszybciej samodzielnie prowadzić rehabilitację oddechową. Znajomość metod oraz zasad rehabilitacji oddechowej pozwoli fizjoterapeutom na właściwy dobór technik fizjoterapii oddechowej. Celem pracy było porównanie metod rehabilitacji oddechowej stosowanych u pacjentów z mukowiscydozą od urodzenia do okresu dojrzałości. Aby zrealizować cel, dwóch autorów przeszukało bazy PubMed, Cochrane Library i Google Scholar w okresie czerwiec 2021–grudzień 2021. Do przeglądu włączono 58 artykułów. Niewiele jest badań potwierdzających większą skuteczność jednej metody nad drugą, a różnorodność metod badawczych zastosowanych w pracach źródłowych uniemożliwia jednoznaczne wnioskowanie. Dobór technik powinien być uzależniony od potrzeb pacjentów z mukowiscydozą. W tym celu fizjoterapeuci powinni poszerzać wiedzę na temat metod rehabilitacji oddechowej, potwierdzoną zarówno praktycznymi umiejętnościami, jak i dowodami naukowymi.
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POPOVIĆ, UNA. "SPINOZIN GEOMETRIJSKI METOD." ARHE 10, no. 19 (September 3, 2015): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.19090/arhe.2013.19.26-38.

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Spinozin geometrijski metod u ovom radu ispituje se u poređenju sa Dekartovim i Euklidovim metodima, a sa ciljem da se ukaže na osobeni karakter ovog metoda, kakav je ponuđen u Etici. Analize fokusiraju geometrijski metod kao metod izlaganja, problematizuju ga kao metod saznanja i metod otkrića, te kao metod imanentan Spinozinoj misli. Napokon, analize u prvi plan stavljaju Spinozin odnos prema čitaocu, te se iz te perspektive dodatno osvetljava smisao geometrijskog metoda.
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Kotus, Jacek, and Michał Rzeszewski. "Zastosowanie „metod mieszanych” do badania zachowań turystów w mieście – przykład konceptualizacji i wykorzystania (artykuł dyskusyjny)." Turyzm/Tourism 25, no. 1 (November 27, 2015): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.25.1.07.

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Opracowanie mieści się w kategoriach konceptualno-metodologicznego artykułu dyskusyjnego. Celem pracy jest dyskusja na temat zastosowania „metod mieszanych” (mixed methods research) w polskich badaniach turystycznych, w szczególności zachowań turystów w mieście. Artykuł składa się z części omawiającej zestaw metod wykorzystanych do badania zachowań turystów oraz prezentującej wyniki badań – zastosowania zaproponowanego algorytmu postępowania. Autorzy przyjmując podejście behawioralne proponują zastosowanie metody quasi-eksperymentu połączonego z wykorzystaniem technik rejestracji ruchu GPS oraz metod jakościowych badań socjologicznych. W opracowaniu podejmuje się dyskusję literaturową dotyczącą tzw. mixed method research, omawia zaproponowany algorytm postępowania badawczego oraz wyciąga wnioski wynikające z zastosowania tego typu metod łącznie.
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Tomczak, Maria. "Ewolucja metod terrorystycznych." Przegląd Strategiczny, no. 1 (June 15, 2011): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ps.2011.1.14.

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Herman, Sergiusz. "Analiza porównawcza zdolności predykcyjnej wybranych metod prognozowania upadłości przedsiębiorstw." Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny 80, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 199–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/rpeis.2018.80.3.16.

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Upadłość przedsiębiorstw jest cechą każdej rozwiniętej gospodarki rynkowej. Zjawisko to pociąga za sobą wysokie koszty, zarówno ekonomiczne, jak i społeczne. Z tego powodu nieustannie od początku XX w. podejmowane są próby prognozowania upadłości przedsiębiorstw. Zainteresowanie omawianą problematyką znajduje swoje odzwierciedlenie w stosowaniu coraz bardziej zaawansowanych metod statystycznych. Celem artykułu jest porównanie zdolności predykcyjnej 9 metod wykorzystywanych w literaturze do prognozowania upadłości przedsiębiorstw. Badania empiryczne przeprowadzono na podstawie danych finansowych 180 polskich spółek akcyjnych. Jego wyniki pozwoliły stwierdzić, że trafność klasyfikacji poszczególnych metod (a tym samym ich ranking), uzależniona jest od wielkości badanej próby badawczej oraz od długości horyzontu prognozy. Ranking badanych metod nie zależy natomiast od wybranej metody doboru zmiennych predykcyjnych. Metoda lasów losowych okazała się najsprawniejszym narzędziem prognostycznym.
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Sawicki, Daniel, and Andrzej Kotyra. "PORÓWNANIE WYBRANYCH METOD WYZNACZANIA OBSZARU PŁOMIENIA W WIZYJNYM SYSTEMIE DIAGNOSTYCZNYM." Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska 3, no. 4 (December 27, 2013): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/iapgos.1471.

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W pracy przedstawiono porównanie wybranych metod wykrywania krawędzi dla obrazów spalania pyłu węglowego. Porównano metodę gradientową Canny’ego z metodą zbiorów poziomicowych oraz metodą opartą o model konturu aktywnego Chan-Vese. Wyniki badań pokazują, że metoda korzystająca z modelu Chan-Vese dobrze odwzorowała brzeg obszaru.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Metod"

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Jandáková, Lenka. "Aplikace rozhodovacích metod." Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-262792.

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The theme of this diploma these is the application of decision-making methods. At the first part of this these are defined the basic terms which are used at the decision-making theory. This these is interested in the decision-making process, elements of the decision-making process, methods which can help you to definate targets. And it is also focused on choosen methods which are used at the multicriterial decision-making methods. At this these are described basic and complicated methods - Ranking Method, Scoring Method, Saaty's Method and AHP Method. The second part of this these is focused on choosing the glass furnance for a small company. To choose the right furnance were applicated method which are meant upper. The glass gurnance were evaluated according their price, weight, height, inner averenge, energy output and temperature.
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Gunneng, Vibeke. "Kvalitativ metod - vetenskap eller inte?" Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Religion and Culture, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8274.

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Denna uppsats undersöker den kvantitativa och den kvalitativa forskningsmetoden ur ett kunskapsteoretiskt och ett vetenskapsteoretiskt perspektiv. I fråga om kvalitativ forskning har metoderna hermeneutik och fenomenologi studerats särskilt grundligt. Uppsatsen argumenterar för att kunskapsteoretiska och vetenskapsteoretiska antaganden måste vara gemensamma för de båda typerna av metod, om man anser att båda typerna ska betraktas som vetenskapliga. Vidare hävdas att de kvalitativa metoderna är sammankopplade med en rad problem beträffande objektivitet, generaliserbarhet, rättfärdigande av kunskap och teoriers empiriska stöd. I många fall utger sig dessa metoder för att leva upp till de krav man ställer på vetenskaplig forskning i dessa avseenden i lika hög grad som kvantitativ metod, men en av uppsatsens teser är att de misslyckas med detta. I uppsatsen hävdas att vetenskapens mål är att generera generaliserbar kunskap. På grund av de kunskapsteoretiska problem kvalitativ forskning stöter på, kan sådan forskning inte ensam nå detta mål och således inte ha någon självständig plats i vetenskapen, utan kan endast tjäna ett förvetenskapligt syfte, genom att, i vissa fall, formulera frågor och hypoteser som sedan besvaras respektive testas av kvantitativ forskning.


This paper examines the quantitative and the qualitative research methods with respect to both epistemology and the philosophy of science. With regards to qualitative research, the paper takes a closer look at the hermeneutic and the phenomenological methods in particular. The paper argues that the different types of method must have the same epistemological assumptions, if it is held that both types ought to be considered scientific. It is further claimed that the qualitative methods are connected to several problems concerning objectivity, generalizability, the justification of knowledge and the empirical support of theories. In many cases, these methods purport to live up to the requirements that are made on scientific research in these respects to the same degree as the quantitative method, but one of the theses of this paper is that they fail to do this. In the paper, it is maintained that the goal of science is to generate generalizable knowledge. Due to the epistemological problems qualitative research are faced with, such research cannot reach that goal alone and thus cannot hold an independent position in science, but can only serve a prescientific purpose, by, in some cases, drawing up questions and hypotheses which are then answered and tested respectively, by quantitative research.

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Berglund, Björn. "Arkimedes metod." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Algebra och geometri, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-325262.

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Maršálková, Kateřina. "Hodnocení úspěšnosti metod shlukové analýzy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193327.

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Cluster analysis is one of the classification methods of multivariate statistical analysis. The task of this analysis is to classify the objects into clusters so that objects inside these clusters are as similar as possible. The aim of this study is to evaluate the success of the classification of objects using six hierarchical cluster analysis methods. To reflect the distance between the objects, are used squared Euclidean and Mahalanobis distances. The success methods are evaluated through the information, which cluster the object belongs to, and this information is already contained in the data files. This thesis pointed out that the Ward's method is one of the most successful hierarchical method in a classification of objects into clusters. This method has been more successful in sorting objects than the other hierarchical methods, both in the case of leaving the correlated variables in the data file as well as removing them. The results of this work show that the highest success of classification objects into clusters is when the data set is cleaned of correlated variables. If the data file is not cleaned, the methods reach better results when the distance between objects is measured by Euclidean metric.
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Lindahl, Felix. "Varelsedesign : en metod." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för speldesign, teknik och lärande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-1886.

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My aim in this case study has been to create a method for creature design to test this method in a production and evaluate the results. To achieve this I studied and analyzed the methods of three concept artists and illustrators named James Gurney, Neville Page and Iain McCaig. From the analysis of these artist´s methods, combined with my own personal experience, a new method was formed. To test this method a creature was designed based on directives given by a game design group in the process of creating a table top role playing game in a fictitious world. These directives where given for the creature´s role and its living conditions. When the production was completed I received feedback from the game design group and conducted an analysis of the method, based on their feedback and my own conclusions, to further improve upon this method.
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Juríček, Jakub. "Analýza klasifikačních metod." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-403169.

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This work deals with the classification methods used in the knowledge discovery from data process and discusses the possibilities of their validation and comparison. Through experiments, the work focuses on the analysis of four selected methods: Naive Bayes classificator, decision tree, neural network and SVM. Factors influencing basic characteristics such as training speed, classification speed, accuracy are examined. A part of the thesis is a desktop application, which is a tool for training, testing and validation of individual methods. Eleven reference data sets are selected for experimental purposes. At the end of this work experimental results of comparison and observed characteristics of classification methods are summarized.
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Dočekal, Martin. "Porovnání klasifikačních metod." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-403211.

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This thesis deals with a comparison of classification methods. At first, these classification methods based on machine learning are described, then a classifier comparison system is designed and implemented. This thesis also describes some classification tasks and datasets on which the designed system will be tested. The evaluation of classification tasks is done according to standard metrics. In this thesis is presented design and implementation of a classifier that is based on the principle of evolutionary algorithms.
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Drechslerová, Tereza. "Aplikace metod vícekriteriálního rozhodování v oblasti fitness center." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113588.

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The aim of my thesis is focused on choosing best fitness center according to concrete offer in Prague. Using methods of multi-criteria decisions I will calculate the order according to important information. Specifically, I work with three methods, Electre III, WSA and Topsis. Theoretical description of these methods and their applications using the Sanna is included. The work is extended by survey - ten women were interviewed to find out how they stand with exercises. This survey was very useful mainly because of getting new weights and thus new order for all three methods. The last chapter is devoted to the case of improving studio "Dokonalé tělo" and its position. I communicated with its owner Ing. Jan Stehlík, he was very nice and willing and interested in improving.
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Andersson, Emilia, and Moa Danielsson. "Naturskolan- en metod till lärande? : Outdoor teaching - A method for learning?" Thesis, Mälardalen University, Department of Biology and Chemical Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-575.

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The purpose of this essay is to find an answer to whether the methodology used by the Naturskolan conduces to learning and also if the Naturskolan, as a method of its own, leads to an increased interest in natural science for the pupils participating in the classes at the Naturskolan.

The method which has been used to reach the results of the study is a quantitative opinion poll. The results reached through the study has been compared to previous research in the subject. Deeper studies were made to examine however the interest of the pupils was influenced by their visit at the Naturskolan.

The results of the study show an increase of interest in natural science after visiting the Naturskolan. It also shows that the teachers’ interest in natural science and outdoor pedagogy has increased by the visit at the Naturskolan.

Through this study we came to the conclusion that the Naturskolan is a good method to learning.

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Lindgren, David, and Axel Sjölund. "Mängdavtagning från IFC modeller : En jämförelse mellan digital metod och traditionell metod." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172327.

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Mängdavtagning är en process i byggprojekt som i stor utsträckning utförs med metoder baserade på 2D-ritningar. Studier visar att branschen efterfrågar digitala lösningar och BIM är en digital lösning som branschen tror på [1]. Det har visat sig att implementering av BIM som hjälpmedel för mängdavtagningar tar tid, vilket kan bero på ett antal faktorer:   De 3D-modeller som levereras idag är avsedda för att vara ett visualiseringshjälpmedel och kanske inte är fullt genomarbetade för att ligga till grund för mängdavtagningar. När BIM-modeller för mängdavtagningar efterfrågas som mest av byggentreprenörer, i anbudsskedet, finns inte alltid tillgång till den. Förändringsledning – Något projekt måste vara det första som tillämpar metoden. Programvaror är dyra och det är inte säkert att investeringen ger avkastning direkt. Vid intervju med mindre byggföretag beskrevs risken med att vara först med att implementera ett arbetssätt eller teknik som inte blir anammat av de marknadsledande företagen.   Genom att nyttja digitala hjälpmedel för mängdavtagningsprocessen visade det sig att det finns möjlighet att spara tid och arbete på flera håll i byggprocessen. Tid som istället kan läggas på att planera projektet bättre, upphandla bättre leverantörer eller att dra ner på onödiga tjänster. På så vis kan mängdavtagning genom BIM vara ett sätt att bidra till en mer hållbar bransch- både ekonomiskt och ekologiskt. Det visade sig vid jämförande av mängdavtagning med hjälp av Bidcon BIM och Bluebeam, att differensen i mängd för hela referensprojektet var under 1%.
Quantity takeoff is a process in construction projects that is to a great extent performed using traditional methods. Studies show that the industry is in demand for digital solutions and BIM is a digital solution that the industry believes in [1]. It has been found that the implementation of BIM as a tool for quantity takeoffs takes time, which may be due to several reasons:   The 3D models that are delivered today are intended to be a visualization aid and may not be adequate to be used as a quantity takeoff model. When BIM quantity takeoff models are most demanded by constructions companies, it’s not always available. Thought leader – Some project must be the first to apply the method. Software licenses are expensive, and the investment may not yield returns directly. In the interviews with smaller construction companies, the risk of being the first to implement a way of working or technology that is not adopted by the market leaders was described.   By using digital tools for quantity takeoffs there is an opportunity to save time and reduce work in several parts of the construction process. Time that can be spent on project planning, procurement of better suppliers or cutting down on unnecessary services. In this way, quantity takeoff by BIM can be a way of contributing to a more sustainable industry- both economically and ecologically. When comparing quantity takeoff from Bidcon BIM and Bluebeam, it was shown that the difference in quantity was for the entire reference project below 1%.
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Books on the topic "Metod"

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Eisenstein, Sergei. Metod. Moskva: Muzeĭ kino, 2002.

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Eisenstein, Sergei. Metod. Moskva: Muzeĭ kino, 2002.

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Metod kompozit͡sii. Moskva: Otdel vychislitelʹnoĭ matematiki AN SSSR, 1986.

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I, Khimicheva N., ed. Metod finansovogo prava. 3rd ed. Moskva: Norma, 2011.

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Berezin, F. A. Metod vtorichnogo kvantovanii͡a︡. 2nd ed. Moskva: "Nauka," Glav. red. fiziko-matematicheskoĭ lit-ry, 1986.

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Skvort︠s︡ova, L. I. Magnetometricheskiĭ metod analiza. Novosibirsk: Akademicheskoe izd-vo "GEO", 2006.

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Dziechciarz, J. Zastosowania metod ilościowych. Wrocław: Wydawn. Akademii Ekonomicznej im. Oskara Langego we Wrocławiu, 2007.

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Kozharinov, V. V. Ėlektrorazri͡a︡dnyĭ metod vizualizat͡s︡ii. Minsk: "Nauka i tekhnika", 1986.

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Beresnev, Ė N. Metod ostatochnykh kont͡s︡entrat͡s︡iĭ. Moskva: "Nauka", 1992.

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Veretennikov, V. G. Metod peremennogo deĭstvii︠a︡. 2nd ed. Moskva: Fiziko-matematicheskai︠a︡ lit-ra, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Metod"

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Milovanović, Aleksandra. "Audio-vizuelne arhive: metod, model, mediji." In CLIMB. Culture, Language, Literary, Translation, Library and Information Studies, Teaching Methodology and Book History, 109–20. Београд: Универзитет у Београду, Филолошки факултет, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18485/climb.2017.5.2.ch8.

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Peirce, Charles. "IMMORTALITY IN THE LIGHT OF SYNECHISM." In METOD, 455–60. INION RAN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/metod/2020.10.21.

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The word «synechism» is the English form of the Greek «synechismos», from «synechés», continuous. <…> I have proposed to make synechism mean the tendency to regard everything as continuous. <…> I carry the doctrine so far as to maintain that continuity governs the whole domain of experience in every element of it. <…> Synechism, even in its less stalwart forms, can never abide dualism, properly so called. It does not wish to exterminate the conception of twoness, nor can any of these philosophic cranks who preach crusades against this or that fundamental conception find the slightest comfort in this doctrine. But dualism in its broadest legitimate meaning as the philosophy which performs its analyses with an axe, leaving, as the ultimate elements, unrelated chunks of being, this is most hostile to synechism. In particular, the synechist will not admit that physical and psychical phenomena are entirely distinct, - whether as belonging to different categories of substance, or as entirely separate sides of one shield, - but will insist that all phenomena are of one character, though some are more mental and spontaneous, others more material and regular. Still, all alike present that mixture of freedom and constraint, which <…> makes them to be teleological, or purposive.
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Zabotkin, Mikhail. "CHRISTOPHER HART. DISCOURSE." In METOD, 406–15. INION RAN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/metod/2020.10.18.

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Knyazeva, Elena. "Descartes' thesis about the separation of mind and body is usually quite severely criticized in the modern cognitive science in general and philosophy of mind in particular. This thesis serves as an important starting point for the development of the conception of embodied and enacted cognition, which has gained extraordinary popularity to date. This article substantiates that the solution to the mind - body problem proposed by Descartes is not at all so unequivocal and categorical, his position is much more subtle and sophisticated than it often seems to us. The article discusses the Descartes’ arguments both in favor of the «great separation between mind and body», and against it. It is shown that Descartes’ thoughts about the mutual influence of the states of the body and phenomena of mind, about the close coupling of mind and body and their unity, about the connection of mind with bodily action are in line with the modern conception of embodied and enactive cognition and may well be considered as a forerunner for its development. Descartes' deep analytical mind, which allowed him to create a method and which gave scientists an attitude to doubt everything in search of scientific truths, allowed him to carefully evaluate his own theses, carrying out various, including opposing, argumentative lines of thought. The understanding the real contribution of Descartes is essential for the further development of the conception of embodied and enactive cognition, which has considerable methodological strength in various fields of social and humanitarian research." In METOD, 179–95. INION RAN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/metod/2020.10.10.

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Descartes' thesis about the separation of mind and body is usually quite severely criticized in the modern cognitive science in general and philosophy of mind in particular. This thesis serves as an important starting point for the development of the conception of embodied and enacted cognition, which has gained extraordinary popularity to date. This article substantiates that the solution to the mind - body problem proposed by Descartes is not at all so unequivocal and categorical, his position is much more subtle and sophisticated than it often seems to us. The article discusses the Descartes’ arguments both in favor of the «great separation between mind and body», and against it. It is shown that Descartes’ thoughts about the mutual influence of the states of the body and phenomena of mind, about the close coupling of mind and body and their unity, about the connection of mind with bodily action are in line with the modern conception of embodied and enactive cognition and may well be considered as a forerunner for its development. Descartes' deep analytical mind, which allowed him to create a method and which gave scientists an attitude to doubt everything in search of scientific truths, allowed him to carefully evaluate his own theses, carrying out various, including opposing, argumentative lines of thought. The understanding the real contribution of Descartes is essential for the further development of the conception of embodied and enactive cognition, which has considerable methodological strength in various fields of social and humanitarian research.
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Sushcin, Mikhail. "REPRESENTATIONS: RICH OR PARTIAL?" In METOD, 157–73. INION RAN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/metod/2020.10.08.

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This article focuses on how the idea of mental representations is understood in an influential modern research program in cognitive science - the program of predictive processing or predictive coding. It is pointed out that, as with earlier programs of classical cognitivism and connectionism, the idea of mental representations is also a crucial element of the program of predictive processing. According to the key assumption of this program, cognition is based on a rich internal generative model of reality that produces predictive perceptual and motor representations of what the organism can interact with at the next moment. The article considers possible challenges to this understanding of mental representations, coming from research in modern vision science and externalist approaches to memory, both in perception and in human practices, mediated by special intellectual artifacts. It is argued that there are no fundamental contradictions between these frameworks, which opens up opportunities for their interaction and integration.
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Ilyin, Mikhail, Ivan Fomin, and Vladimir Avdonin. "METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGE. BACK TO DESCARTES! À LA DESCARTES! BEYOND DESCARTES!" In METOD, 9–21. INION RAN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/metod/2020.10.01.

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The introductory essay conveys the overall purpose of the issue and then outlines its composition. Intention of the editors has been to retrace a dozen generations back to Descartes’ times, to grasp his ingenuity, to follow his insights and try to further them on. Another starting line is a challenge to notorious Cartesian dualism which may reside in epigones of self-rid Cartesian dogma and disclosure of self-incited research of Descartes himself. In fact, Descartes himself resorted to his own personality or his whole self ( me totum ) that entangles both soul (thing that thinks) and body (thing that extends). Thus, dualism is only one instrumental aspect of far more complex cognitive proficiency of Descartes himself. What actually happens within me totum between the two analytical extreme modes of thinking and extended substances is embodiment and disembodiment. Introductory essay further outlines the sections of the Yearbook: Self, Reason, Body, Communication, Methodological Alternatives.
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Sushchin, Mikhail. "KARL FRISTON. WAVES OF PREDICTION." In METOD, 174–78. INION RAN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/metod/2020.10.09.

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Zabotkin, Mikhail. "LANGUAGE BETWEEN THE WORLD AND THE MIND." In METOD, 243–68. INION RAN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/metod/2020.10.13.

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The article strives to explain why semiology based on the structuralist approach to language was not widely recognized as a metascience. The author views as the key reason the fact that the subject matter of linguistics was understood to be linguistic structure as immanent reality. In order to support this argument, the author examines the theories of Ferdinand de Saussure, Louis Hjelmslev, and Emile Benveniste as not only linguistic, but also philosophical theories. The structuralist interpretation of Saussure’s theory views the structure of language as independent from the world and the human mind. The article demonstrates why it leads to the conclusion that the language sets the limits of one’s world and mind. The author shows why this conclusion generates internal contradictions in the theory and, paradoxically, casts doubt on the possibility of studying and explaining language. The article analyzes how Hjelmslev and Benveniste tried to provide theoretical solutions to these problems and why their attempts were not fully successful. It is argued that the key source of problems of this approach is the ontologization of language structure which makes explaining language possible only through deep structures that belong to the extralinguistic reality. The author shows how rejecting the ontological understanding of structure and including human subjectivity in the theory makes it possible to avoid the problems of structuralism. The article concludes with a brief overview of several theoretical frameworks which analyze language and its interconnections with the mind and extralinguistic reality without relying on the concept of structure.
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Faroah, Mark. "THE EMERGENCE OF QUALITATIVE ATTRIBUTION, PHENOMENAL EXPERIENCE AND BEING." In METOD, 91–122. INION RAN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/metod/2020.10.04.

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Creatures view the objective world as experiential qualities, memories, feelings, thoughts, desires, beliefs and so on. Why is it that an objective world has given rise to agents that possess these phenomena of conscious experience? Why has an objective world produced creatures with a subjective view of the world? This paper is very much about this objective - subjective divide and about the qualitative character of phenomenal consciousness. I argue that the physiological, phenomenal and conceptual constitute a three-tiered hierarchy of emergent categories. These categories are causally and ontologically distinct (or separated). Each category employs a unique type of interactive mechanism. This interactive mechanism enables a meaningful type of environmental discourse. Increasingly sophisticated and complex forms tend to evolve in each distinct category. The increase in complexity in each category inevitably leads to the emergence of the next level in the hierarchy. In other words, there is an emergent hierarchy of evolving categories that are delineated (or differentiated) by the nature of their mechanism of environmental engagement. With the first category, I argue that biochemical mechanisms have a tendency to evolve meaningfully, specifically, in a way that is both qualitatively significant and responsive to environmental particulars (or properties). In the second category, I explain that these mechanisms set in play an organisational capability that enables the evaluation and prioritisation of qualitative assimilations. I then explain why this characterises the subjective individuated experience phenomenon. Lastly, I relate this to the characteristics of the unique human perspective.
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Fokin, Kirill. "AN ESSAY ON STUDYING POWER AT THE INTERFACE OF POLITICS AND BIOLOGY." In METOD, 196–211. INION RAN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/metod/2020.10.11.

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The article addresses the problem of Cartesian dualism, understood as an attempt to separate and interconnect «mind» and «body» and related to the idea of continuity between biological and social, as well as between animal and human. As an example of how complex research of human sociality can help us to find a «bridge» between «mind» and «body», and to highlight their interplay, we describe an experience of the biopolitical research and the reconceptualization of Political Authority. The results and outputs of the research can be put in use in the field of political science: «body»-verifications are giving us new arguments to support the traditional normative «mind»-theory of Democratic Authority, we can empirically clarify the terminology and concepts, and also bring on a template to research other classical «problems» of political philosophy, testing them with the new data.
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Conference papers on the topic "Metod"

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Andersson, Lars Gustaf, Joakim Forsberg, and Carola Mikaelsson. "Brevväxling som pedagogisk metod." In Humanistiska och teologiska fakulteternas pedagogiska inspirationskonferens 2018. Humanistiska och teologiska fakulteterna, Lunds universitet, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37852/oblu.67.129.

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Bednář, Martin, and Daniel Marton. "Porovnání metod výpočtu potenciální evapotranspirace." In Juniorstav. Brno: Fakulta stavebni VUT v Brne, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.13164/juniorstav.2022.393.

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Kravchenko, S. A., A. Ya Lukin, and V. I. Kokorin. "A virtual metod for phase shift measurement." In 2010 20th International Crimean Conference "Microwave & Telecommunication Technology" (CriMiCo 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/crmico.2010.5631280.

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Semenova, Nataliia Albertovna. "Keis-metod v organizatsii issledovatel'skoi deiatel'nosti obuchaiushchikhsia." In All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation. Publishing house Sreda, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-104230.

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Sergeeva, Anastasiia Alekseevna. "Monitoring kak metod osushchestvleniia gosudarstvennogo finansovogo kontrolia." In International Scientific and Practical Conference, chair Olga Igorevna Lozitskaia. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-470196.

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Dorofeev, Nikolay V. "Metod of determining the epicenter of geomagnetic disturbance." In 2013 IEEE 7th International Conference on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications (IDAACS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/idaacs.2013.6663040.

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Horká, Hana, and Zdeněk Hromádka. "Význam kvalitativních metod v pilotní studii kvantitativního výzkumu." In 19th Annual Conference of CERA (Czech Educational Research Association). 19. výroční konference České asociace pedagogického výzkumu. Masaryk University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/pdf.p210-capv-2012-13.

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Batagelj, Borut. "Uporaba metod računalniškega vida pri delu sodnega izvedenca." In Strokovna konferenca ROSUS 2019 - Računalniška obdelava slik in njena uporaba v Sloveniji 2019. Unviersity of Maribor Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-244-2.1.

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Skvarč, Jure, and Samo Šela. "Praktična uporaba metod umetne inteligence v industrijskem okolju." In Strokovna konferenca ROSUS 2019 - Računalniška obdelava slik in njena uporaba v Sloveniji 2019. Unviersity of Maribor Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-244-2.3.

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Krhač Andrašec, Eva, Tomaž Kern, Matjaž Roblek, and Benjamin Urh. "Analiza uporabe metod in tehnik izboljševanja poslovnih procesov." In Values, Competencies and Changes in Organizations. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-442-2.35.

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Over 50 approaches, methods, and techniques have been developed in recent decades to achieve more efficient business systems operations. Due to the increasingly rapid changes in the business and social environment, the question of which method or technique will have the most significant impact on increasing its competitive advantage is becoming increasingly important. In the presented research, due to the scope of the issue, we focused on an overview of the most often used methods and techniques and their similarity. For this purpose, we prepared an overview of the frequency of particular methods and techniques in the sources collected in multidisciplinary databases. We were also interested in which phases of business process improvement a particular method or technique is used. Based on the knowledge gained in this way, we designed a set of appropriate methods and techniques for improving business processes. The performed research can serve as a starting point for solving this problem. It would be necessary for its integrity to check other properties of methods and techniques and their practice efficiency.
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Reports on the topic "Metod"

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Meza, Juan C. Newton's Method. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/983171.

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Boucherf, Kamel. Quantitative Method VS Qualitative Method? Contribution to a Debate. SAHWA Concep Paper, March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.24241/swrp.2015.rp.

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Kellerman, Peter. Floating Silicon Method. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1126212.

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McKenzie, George. Rossi Alpha Method. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1148943.

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Hoyt, N., C. Pereira, J. Willit, and M. Williamson. Voltammetry Method Evaluation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1326966.

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Cochran, K. D. The clumping method. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6023177.

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Colton, David, and Peter Monk. Linear Sampling Method. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada368321.

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Steel, Eric B. Airborne asbestos method:. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.5358.

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Turner, Shirley, Robert L. Myklebust, Barbara B. Thorne, Stefan D. Leigh, and Eric B. Steel. Airborne asbestos method:. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.5723.

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Cociglio, M., G. Mirsky, T. Mizrahi, and T. Zhou. Alternate-Marking Method. Edited by G. Fioccola. RFC Editor, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc9341.

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