Academic literature on the topic 'Metodické listy'

Straipsnio tikslas yra parodyti repertuarinių gardelių technikos (RGT), kaip Aš sistemos tyrimo metodo galimybes, atlikus trijų individualių atvejų analizę. RGT, kuri yra pagrįsta G. A. Kelly’o asmenybės konstruktų teorija, leidžia suderinti nomotetinės ir ideografinės psichodiagnostikos principus, atskleisti unikalų asmenybės Aš sistemos turinį, struktūrą, savigarbos lygį. Tyrimui naudotas RGT variantas – įvertinimų gardelė. Atlikta individualių duomenų koreliacinė analizė, apskaičiuoti konstruktų intensyvumo balai ir gardelės sąryšio balas, tiriamųjų Aš sistemos pavaizduotos grafiškai. Trys pateikti atvejai atspindi skirtingą tiriamųjų Aš sistemos turinį, struktūrą ir savęs vertinimą. Savęs interpretavimui tiriamieji naudoja įvairius konstruktų rinkinius. Atsiskleidė trys skirtingos Aš sistemos struktūros – monolitinė, integruotoji ir difuzinė. Koreliacijos tarp realaus ir idealaus Aš koeficientas atskleidė tiriamųjų savigarbos lygį. Išryškėjo vienas bendras visiems tiriamiesiems bruožas – „privalomojo Aš“ reikšmingumas Aš sistemoje. Rezultatai padeda suprasti problemas, su kuriomis tiriamieji gali susidurti. THE POSSIBILITIES OF REPERTORY GRID TECHNIQUE AS A METHOD OF RESEARCH OF THE SELF-SYSTEMDalia Kujalienė SummarySelf is a topic of great interest and very widely researched problem in psychology. Nevertheless after a century of researches and discussions there is no theory and definition of the self which would agree most of scholars with. Very viable is distinction between two fundamental aspects of the self, the “I” and the “Me”, self as a subject and self as an object. I-self is the knower, the active agent responsible for constructing of the Me-self. “I” initiates and controls activity, processes information about self. “Me” represents all things known about self. “Me” came to be labeled the self-concept and has received major attention of researchers. There are many definitions of the selfconcept. Discussions about its nature, structure and influence on the functioning of a person are still continuing. One can find very little agreement in consideration of these questions. It is possible to trace out three common themes that almost all scholars recognize: knowledge about the self, evaluation of self and feelings towards self. Because of theoretical confusion there is no satisfactory method of research of self-concept. Various theoretical models of the selfconcept are in essence sets of dimensions which are invented by authors. Researches using the methods, based on these models, almost always confirm theoretical presumptions. The question arises: are these dimensions really those which exhaustively reveal true content and structure of self-concept? Some authors question the purposefulness of nomotethic investigation in this area and suggest to change the point of view to the problem from researcher’s perspective to the perspective of participants, and apply ideographic, phenomenological methods for the research of self.One of the method of the investigation of self, poorly known in Lithuania, is repertory grid technique based on G. A. Kelly’s personal construct theory.From the standpoint of personal construct theory self can be treated in three ways: 1) as an object (element) that can be evaluated by some dimensions, 2) as construct “Me – not-Me” (construct is a dimensijon used by the person for interpreting of himself and surrounding world), other objects can be evaluated as “like Me” and “not like Me”; 3) as a system of constructs – self-system, the sum of constructs related with the pole “Me” of construct “Me – not-Me”. Selfsystem is the central part of personal construct system and influences all its functioning. As every construct system self-system is just one of possible ways of interpreting of self and thus it may be not accurate and adequate. The main function of self-system is to help the person to predict his reactions to future events and to control his needs, emotions and actions.Repertory grid technique allows to reveal unique individual content, structure and evaluative aspects of the self-system and thus shows person’s view to himself from his own perspective. In order to investigate the self-system two schemes may be used. First, when various aspects of the self (Me as I am, as I would like to be, as I ought to be, etc.) are used as elements. Second, when various aspects of the self are used as constructs. In this case other people important to the person under investigation are used as elements. The content of self-system can be revealed through constructs that are related to different aspects of the self. The structure of self-system can be find out, analisying relationships of constructs. The evaluative aspect of self-system becomes clear from the relationship between real and ideal self.The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the possibilities of repertory grid technique as a method of research of the self-system by presenting three individual cases. The rating grid was used. The scheme of investigation: 1. filling in of the list of elements; 2. construct elicitation using dyads of elements; one of elements always was “Me as I am”; 3. rating of elements on each construct on 5 point scale. The result of this process – an element by construct matrix of ratings that could be analysed by various methods of mathematical statistic. Correlation analysis was performed. Intensity and relation scores were computed. The graphical representation of self-systems was presented.Three given cases represent very different content and structure of the self-system and self-evaluation of participants. Each participant used different set of constructs for self-interpretation. Three types of the structure of self-system were revealed: monolithic, integrated and diffuse. Through the correlation between real and ideal self the level of self-evaluation emerged. One common feature of participants was detected – the importance of “ought self”. Results help to understand the personal problems that participants can face with.

V předkládané studii jsou uvedena normativní česká data pro neuropsychologickou screeningovou zkoušku Test cesty pro věkovou skupinu dospívajících (15-19 let). Potvrdilo se, že není možné přejímat výsledky Testu cesty z jiného kulturního kontextu. Čeští studenti podali statisticky významně horší výkony ve srovnání s českým manuálem k metodě uváděnými normami ze zahraničí i ve srovnání s daty jiných zahraničních studií. Dále byly identifikovány faktory, které se významně podílejí na výsledku v Testu cesty u skupiny českých adolescentů - typ navštěvované střední školy a ročník studia, v protikladu s výsledky jiných výzkumů se neprokázala souvislost výkonu s věkem. Ověřovány byly také psychometrické charakteristiky metody. Pro praktické využití odbornými pracovníky je uveden metodický list pro práci s normami. Získaná data pomohou pracovníkům pedagogicko-psychologických poraden lépe identifikovat žáky s možnou potřebou podpůrných opatření ve vzdělávání, mohou být užitečná také pro klinické psychology při screeningu neurologického oslabení dospívajících.

V předkládané studii jsou uvedena normativní česká data pro zkoušky čtenářských dovedností pro žáky 9. tříd základních škol a 1. ročníků středních škol. Dále byly identifikovány faktory, které mohou mít vliv na výkony žáků ve čtenářských zkouškách – jedná se o věk žáků, kdy se rychlost hlasitého i tichého čtení překvapivě mírně zpomaluje, u žáků 1. ročníků má pak na čtenářské výkony vliv typ navštěvované střední školy. Při srovnání výkonů žáků 9. tříd a 1. ročníků středních škol nebyly nalezeny téměř žádné rozdíly. Zabývali jsme se také schopnosti nástrojů odlišit děti s vývojovou poruchou učení, která se na našich datech projevila. Zkoumána byla souvislost potichu čteného textu s porozuměním čtenému. Ověřovány byly také psychometrické charakteristiky jednotlivých zkoušek. Pro praktické využití odbornými pracovníky je v příloze článku uveden metodický list pro práci s normami. Tato data pomohou pracovníkům pedagogicko-psychologických poraden lépe zhodnotit kvalitu čtenářských dovedností žáků.

In pazienti che necessitino sia di plasmaferesi (PLF) che di emodialisi (ED), l'applicazione simultanea delle due metodiche, nota come tandem PLF-ED (TPE) può costituire una soluzione vantaggiosa. Tuttavia esiste scarsa esperienza circa il suo utilizzo, in particolare in età pediatrica. Abbiamo esaminato in modo retrospettivo le sedute di TPE eseguite negli ultimi 5 anni nel nostro Centro. I trattamenti di TPE sono stati 67 in 7 pazienti, di età mediana 16.2 anni (5–34) e peso mediano di 37 kg (17.0– 59.0). Le indicazioni per TPH erano: sindrome emolitica uremica atipica da deficit di fattore H, fattore I o da mutazioni non definite, nella maggior parte delle sedute (64/67 sedute), vasculite, glomerulosclerosi focale (prima del trapianto) e iperimmunizzazione in pazienti in lista per trapianto di rene. In 66/67 trattamenti la procedura è stata completata con successo, raggiungendo i volumi di sostituzione e ultrafiltrazione desiderati. La durata della PLF è stata inferiore a quella di ED, e non ha quindi comportato un prolungamento della seduta dialitica. Un unico trattamento è stato interrotto a causa di un episodio ipotensivo, in una paziente nota per ipotensioni ricorrenti. In conclusione la TPE è una procedura sicura e ben tollerata, anche in bambini e adolescenti stabili dal punto di vista emodinamico.

This article raises the problem of high energy consumption stimulated by heating buildings and preparing hot water. The paper shortly revises the state of renovating public buildings in Lithuania. A number of scientists devote close attention to examining various aspects of building renovation (technical regulations on constructions, subsidies provided by the state, cost-effectiveness, factors influencing building renovation, etc.). The article presents a few studies by foreign scientists, lists factors that determine public building renovation (unsatisfactory indoor air hygiene and floor temperature, indoor relative humidity, indoor air velocity, indoor carbon dioxide concentration, physical deterioration of a large building, poor aesthetic appearance of the building, etc.) and demonstrates a few practical examples. In accordance with Lithuanian design codes, a methodology for determining heat transfer coefficients in public buildings is provided. Besides, investigations into heat transfer coefficients before and after the renovation of public buildings have been conducted. A few nursery school buildings in Lithuania have been examined applying laboratory equipment before and after renovation. It was found that the wall heat transfer coefficient of properly designed and insulated buildings falls by more than 4–5 times to reach the normal value of the heat transfer coefficient (value of the heat transfer coefficient falls from 1.12 to 0.22 W/(m2·K)). A comparison of an external thermal insulation plastering composite system with an external aeration heat-insulated system has been done. The estimation has revealed that due to lower costs, better results of thermal resistance obtained using the external thermal insulation plastering composite system can produce better wall heat transfer coefficient values. The obtained results have been determined referring to better wall insulation tightness. The paper also summarizes data on heating buildings and consumption of prepared hot water before and after renovation. On the basis of the findings acquired employing the degree-day–method, public building energy consumption for heating and hot water preparation decreased from 41.30 to 43.73%. Santrauka Straipsnyje trumpai apžvelgta pastatų energinio efektyvumo problematika, visuomeninių pastatų atnaujinimo situacija Lietuvoje, pateikiami keli užsienio valstybių mokslininkų darbų, kuriuose nagrinėjama pastatų atnaujinimo tematika, pavyzdžiai. Be praktinių pavyzdžių, nurodomi veiksniai, lemiantys visuomeninės paskirties pastatų atnaujinimą. Taip pat pateikiami visuomeninės paskirties pastatų sienų šilumos perdavimo koeficientų tyrimų, atliktų naudojant laboratorinę įrangą, rezultatai, ištyrus kelis visuomeninės paskirties pastatus Lietuvoje prieš ir po pastatų atnaujinimo. Palyginta išorinė tinkuojama sudėtinė termoizoliacinė sistema su išorine vėdinamąja termoizoliacine sistema, apibendrinta nagrinėjamų pastatų sąnaudų šildyti ir karštam vandeniui ruošti ekonominė nauda prieš ir po pastatų atnaujinimo taikant dienolaipsnių metodiką.

Nel lavoro vengono presentate check-list di specie di Insecta − Odonata, Mantodea, Orthopteroidea, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera - monitorate in un’area della Campagna Romana a nord-est di Roma, nota come “arcipelago Mentanese-Cornicolano”, caratterizzata da habitat altamente frammentati con parcelle di bosco mesotermofilo, agrosistemi, aree urbane e suburbane, attraversate da una rete di infrastrutture lineari. L’andamento morfologico tipico è quello di rilievi collinari e vallecole poco incise con terreni vulcanici argillificati e substrati carbonatici con vistose manifestazioni carsiche. Il territorio include integralmente le riserve naturali regionali gestite dalla Provincia di Roma, “Nomentum” e “Macchia di Gattaceca e Macchia del Barco”. Nonostante le misure di protezione, assai poco era noto sinora sull’entomofauna dell’area. osservazioni saltuarie protratte per oltre un decennio seguite da raccolte intensive concentrate tra il 2009 ed il 2013 con applicazione di metodiche di cattura dirette e indirette (retini entomologici, aspiratori, trappole a caduta, aeree e luminose) unitamente all’analisi dei dati bibliografici, hanno consentito di rilevare la presenza di 422 specie. L’analisi biogeografica è stata limitata a odonata e Coleoptera Carabidae ben rappresentati sul totale delle specie osservate nella città di Roma circoscritta dal Grande Raccordo anulare. Specie di particolare interesse conservazionistico sono analiticamente discusse. Per quanto la check-list debba considerarsi necessariamente incompleta e non sia stata condotta una adeguata analisi quantitativa, queste raccolte suggeriscono l’esistenza di un popolamento entomatico fortemente impoverito. In particolare, “Nomentum” versa in uno stato di conservazione complessivamente mediocre, “Macchia di Gattaceca e Macchia del Barco” versa in uno stato di conservazione discreto (Macchia di Gattaceca) o buono (Macchia del Barco). La presenza di alcune tessere ambientali di rilevante interesse zoocenotico suggerisce il potenziamento delle misure di protezione, ancora largamente insufficienti.

Straipsnyje pristatoma lietuviška streso įveikos vertinimo metodika. Ji sudaryta naudojant empirinę skalių konstravimo strategiją. Darbas atliktas trimis etapais. Pirmuose dviejuose, panaudojus aiškinamosios aktorinės analizės matematinį modelį, pradinis teiginių skaičius – 167 buvo sumažintas iki 24, jie priskirti keturiems faktoriams: socialinės paramos, problemų sprendimo, emocinės iškrovos ir vengimo. Trečiojo tyrimo etapo metu įvertintos kai kurios klausimyno psichometrinės savybės. Nustatyta, kad išskirti faktoriai paaiškina 47,93 proc. duomenų dispersijos. Gauti tokie skalių vidinio suderinamumo (Cronbacho α rodikliai: socialinė parama (α = 0,832), problemų sprendimas (α = 0,760), emocinė iškrova (α = 0,721), vengimas (α = 0,624). Patvirtinančiosios faktorinės analizės rezultatai rodo patenkinamą pasirinkto keturių faktorių modelio tinkamumą: Chi-Square = 140,81; RMSEA = 0,055; GFI = 0,89; CFI = 0,87; NNFI = 0,84. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: streso įveika, streso įveikos strategijos, streso įveikos matavimas. COPING WITH STRESS QUESTIONNAIRE: APPLICATION OF THE FOUR-FACTOR MODELŽygimantas Grakauskas, Gintautas Valickas SummaryThe article introduces the Lithuanian stress coping assessment method. The lack of stress coping assessment methods adapted for the Lithuanian population fostered its composition. The method was constructed using the strategy of empirical scale development. The research was carried out in three stages. In the first and second stages, statements were selected from various stress coping questionnaires (WCQ, COPE, CISS etc.) and classified using the mathematical model of explanatory factor analysis. In the first stage, the original list consisting of 167 statements was submitted to 178 participants of the study. In the second stage, the list consisting of 90 statements was submitted to 147 participants. The participants were students of Vilnius University and the General Jonas Žemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania, average age – 20.4 years. On the basis of mathematical criteria and semantic analysis of the statements, the number of the statements was reduced to 24 in the final version of the questionnaire; 4 factors were xtracted: social support, problem solving, emotional discharge, avoidance. 208 participants took part in the third stage of the study, during which some psychometrical characteristics of the questionnaire were assessed. It was established that these four factors explain for 47.93 per cent of data dispersion. The following indexes of scales reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) were found: social support (α = 0.832), problem solving (α = 0.760), emotional discharge (α = 0.721), avoidance (α = 0.624). Confirmatory factor analysis data indicate a satisfactory suitability of the model of four factors (Chi-Square = 140.81; RMSEA = 0.055; GFI = 0.89; CFI = 0.87; NNFI = 0.84).While composing the questionnaire, the problem of optimal balance was encountered between choosing a good method in the sense of content and a method distinctive characterized by good psychometrical characteristics. There is a plan in the future to verify the psychometrical characteristic of the composed stress coping assessment method on the basis of data of a more representative sample, to assess the relation of the questionnaire to the other methods of stress coping and to improve separate scales of the questionnaire, especially those dealing with the factor of avoidance. Keywords: coping with stress, stress coping strategies, stress coping measurement.

The diploma thesis is focused on a detection and a laboratory control of hazardous substances’ leak into the environment. These hazardous substances are classified. Further, it aims to chemical laboratories of the fire-brigade of the Czech Republic, as well as which place they hold in the fire-brigade system, and it indicates their main duties. This diploma thesis contains a review of some essential types of devices and mediums, which are in terms of the fire-brigade of the Czech Republic usable to practice the detection, determination and assessment of the hazardous substances in various figures of the environment in terrain, i.e. filling of duties of the chemical survey. The output of this diploma thesis is simulation of leaks of the toluene diisocyanate using ALOHA software, TerEx software and Rozex Alarm software. Further on, the proposal of another methodical sheet focused on leak actions of the concrete hazardous industrial substance – toluene diisocyanate. This methodical sheet could therefore broaden pro tempore elaborated sheets for chlorine and ammonia.

At the present hurried time are increasingly interested in increasing the total relaxation and body regeneration in a variety of relaxation and wellness centers through massage. The aim of this thesis on the basis of analysis was a theoretical overview of massage movements, the proper procedure for sorting. There have been capturing the effects that the massage has on the human organism. These effects are complementary and intertwined. They also analyzed different types of massage with a primary focus on sports massage and its applications in the sporting situation. Finally, was to create lists of methodological procedures for whole body massage, which can then be used as a theoretical tool for the general public.

The diploma thesis is focused on the issue of teaching semantics to elementary school students from 6th to 9th grade. The theoretical part consists of organizing existing notes about the theory of word meaning, explaining the basic terminology and describing the inner relationships between words. The main focus is on the didactic aspect of teaching semantics and how it is implemented in the contemporary textbooks of the Czech language. In the practical part, the main goal is to create an exhaustive learning materials for the students from the 6th to 9th grade (methodical papers, worksheets, presentations) which can be used for teaching the word meaning at school.

This graduation theses bring some drafts of methodical papers in the connection with the evacuation of the people, decontamination station and activities when decontamination of people and equipment. To further Explore the places which are intended for decontamination in the emergency planning zones from the point of view of the ACR in locations for the nuclear power plant Temelín.

This diploma thesis deals with the use of robotic kits in teaching technical subject at high schools in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part describes the concepts of robotics and pedagogy. It deals with the history, types of robots, describes its components and provides an overview of the available robotic kits. It also examines the concepts and approaches in teaching, goals and activation methods. The results of research among students, alumni and teachers of high schools are summarized in the practical part. The outcome of this thesis is methodical instructions for teaching technical subjects, such as microprocessor technology and control systems, etc. using a robotic kit based on the Raspberry Pi. Elaborated tasks are: Hardware Hello World! LED, buzzer, switcher with LED, interrupt, motion detection, tracking a black line, keypad 4×4, fan speed control, steering the direction of rotation of DC motors, servo motor control, distance measurement, temperature measurement, display messages on the LCD screen, building a robotic rover and image acquisition from a webcam.

The thesis is devoted to Development education. It focuses mainly on the possibility of inclusion of DE into the formal education with use of active learning techniques. The thesis is divided into two main parts. The theoretical part is made on the basis of the literature covering topic of DE. The practical part describes the schooling concept, which is including the DE into formal education.

Messages delivered by the media are often used as a source of authentic texts in language teaching, yet there is not a sufficient amount of works dealing with the connection between media education and language teaching. The theoretical part of this thesis, therefore, tries to describe this relationship from the perspective of media studies, linguistics and language teaching methodology. The aim of this work is to create teaching materials incorporating media education into teaching English as a foreign language. The materials consist of worksheets for students and methodological support for teachers. Key words media education, language teaching, authentic text, context, curricular documents, teaching materials, worksheets, methodological support

The main topic of this diploma thesis is death and dying in literature for children and youngsters and it´s usage in Pedagogics of free time. The thesis is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part´s main aim is the definition of death as a part of life (a brief description of habbits and traditions, including today´s view), psychological perception of death by children of preschool and younger school age and analysis of key topics from chosen works for children and youngsters. The practical part contains a qualitative research (a semi-structured dialog) and a set of methodical sheets from the chosen works, containing their verification in praxis, including reflexion.

This diploma thesis is dealing with the theme of use of the Botanic Garden in Teplice to teach Science - especially Botany at lower-secondary school. The thesis is divided into three parts. In the first part I'm dealing with mapping of botanic gardens in the Czech republic - mainly focusing on the Botanic Garden in Teplice. In the second part I'm searching for theoretic information to create my own worksheets, and explanation of the teaching method - excursion according to the available specialized didactic literature. In the third part I'm dealing with the analysis of questionnaire and according to the availably gained information with the creation of my own worksheets. After the questionnaire there were nine worksheets with the concrete teaching methodology of botany and methodological worksheets. Afterwards the worksheet called ¨Excursion itself¨ was verified. Altogether nine worksheets with the methodological outcomes were created. The pupils were filling in the worksheets during the excursion and then the pupils' questionnaire was made to gain the feedback. KEYWORDS botanic garden, worksheets, excursion, questionnaire, methodological worksheets, pupils' questionnaire

A thesis Folk groups in Horácko and their influence on the child's interest in folk song follows my bachelor thesis Folk song in Horácko and its use in school and out of school activities of children. The aim of this thesis is to determine the effect of the folk groups on the children's interest in regional folk song and to create a set of worksheets and teachers sheets, which may help teachers to teach about regional culture. The first part of the thesis deals with maping and a brief characteristic of child folk groups in Horácko, their location, number of children in primary school age and a chracteristic of music and textual side of folk songs. The second part is an analysis of questionnaire construction in elementary schools in region Horácko, specifically in region Vysočina, which is dominant for this ethnographic region. It focuses on the research whether there is a folk group, whether children can attend folk group in their surroundings and what effect that has on the perception of regional folk song, their knowledge, favor or tolerance. The last part includes worksheets for children and methodical sheets for teachers that are thematicaly focussed on individual parts of the year. In total, it includes five topics assorted in one school year: autumn, winter, carnival, spring and summer. Songs...