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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Metrigel'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Fankhänel, Andreas. "Metrical Problems in Minkowski Geometry." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-95007.

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In this dissertation we study basic metrical properties of 2-dimensional normed linear spaces, so-called (Minkowski or) normed planes. In the first chapter we introduce a notion of angular measure, and we investigate under what conditions certain angular measures in a Minkowski plane exist. We show that only the Euclidean angular measure has the property that in an isosceles triangle the base angles are of equal size. However, angular measures with the property that the angle between orthogonal vectors has a value of pi/2, i.e, a quarter of the full circle, exist in a wider variety of normed planes, depending on the type of orthogonality. Due to this we have a closer look at isosceles and Birkhoff orthogonality. Finally, we present results concerning angular bisectors. In the second chapter we pay attention to convex quadrilaterals. We give definitions of different types of rectangles and rhombi and analyse under what conditions they coincide. Combinations of defining properties of rectangles and rhombi will yield squares, and we will see that any two types of squares are equal if and only if the plane is Euclidean. Additionally, we define a ``new\'\' type of quadrilaterals, the so-called codises. Since codises and rectangles coincide in Radon planes, we will explain why it makes sense to distinguish these two notions. For this purpose we introduce the concept of associated parallelograms. Finally we will deal with metrically defined conics, i.e., with analogues of conic sections in normed planes. We define metric ellipses (hyperbolas) as loci of points that have constant sum (difference) of distances to two given points, the so-called foci. Also we define metric parabolas as loci of points whose distance to a given point equals the distance to a fixed line. We present connections between the shape of the unit ball B and the shape of conics. More precisely, we will see that straight segments and corner points of B cause, under certain conditions, that conics have straight segments and corner points, too. Afterwards we consider intersecting ellipses and hyperbolas with identical foci. We prove that in special Minkowski planes, namely in the subfamily of polygonal planes, confocal ellipses and hyperbolas intersect in a way called Birkhoff orthogonal, whenever the respective ellipse is large enough.

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2

Apoussidou, Diana. "The learnability of metrical phonology." Utrecht : Amsterdam : LOT ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2007. http://dare.uva.nl/document/41607.

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3

McKay, David Andrew. "Metrical theory and English verse." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10777.

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4

Vaysman, Olga. "Segmental alternations and metrical theory." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47830.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2009.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 263-268).
This dissertation focuses on phonological alternations that are influenced or constrained by word-internal prosody, i.e. prominence and foot structure, and what these alternations can tell us about metrical theory. Detailed case studies of several cases of prosody sensitive segmental alternations, as well as a survey of such phenomena mentioned in the literature were the empirical basis for this study. I have offered an empirically motivated proposal that constituency and prominence have to be separate entities in the grammar, since some segmental alternations cannot be accounted for without reference to foot boundaries, while others require reference to prominence. The data also shows that there are languages with mismatches between stress assignment pattern and foot structure. Based on the empirical data that prosody-sensitive alternations provide, I develop the formal proposal of representation of prominence and foot structure and their interaction. Prominence is represented by gridmarks on an autosegmental tier, while foot structure is not built on the gridmarks, but is a function of syllables grouped into higher-level constituents. I propose that the relationship between foot structure and prominence should be mediated by violable constraints relating the two entities. I call them Prominence Alignment constraints. Mismatches between foot structure and prominence assignment in a given language are caused, under the present theory, when one of the constraints that refer to prominence but not to foot structure outranks a Prominence Alignment constraint. The factorial typology generated by such ranking is substantiated by the case studies throughout this dissertation. I argue that the model developed in this dissertation generates all types of interaction between foot structure and prominence attested and does not generate unattested patterns.
by Olga Vaysman.
Ph.D.

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5

Levin, Juliette. "A metrical theory of syllabicity." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15321.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 1985.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND HUMANITIES
Includes bibliographical references.
Juliette Levin.
Ph.D.

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6

Sietsema, Brian Mark. "Metrical dependencies in tone assignment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14226.

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7

Goodman, Oliver A. "Metrized laminations and quasisymmetric maps." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1989. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/100508/.

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Teichmuller space is defined as a space of hyperbolic structures on a surface rather than as a space of conformal structures. Earthquakes are defined and we see how they correspond to hyperbolic structures, via homeomorphisms of the circle. Metrised laminations are defined and we obtain a correspondence with earthquakes. We deduce a correspondence between measured laminations and earthquakes. We define uniform boundedness of earthquakes and show that such earthquakes are surjective. Quasisymmetric maps are defined and investigated. We show that an earthquake is uniformly bounded if and only if its boundary mapping is quasisymmetric. Finally we show how a uniformly bounded earthquake can be approximated, in a natural fashion, by a bi-Lipechits diffeomorphism.

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8

Lohkamp, Joachim. "Existenz von Metriken negativer Ricci-Krümmung." Bonn : [s.n.], 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/29040814.html.

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9

Rice, Curtis. "Pacific Yup'ik: Implications for Metrical Theory." Department of Linguistics, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/227264.

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Recent developments in metrical theory have led to the situation in which there are now at least four different approaches to stress assignment. One approach uses only a grid to represent the relative prominence of syllables in a word (cf. Prince 1983); aside from representational conventions, the grid -only approach differs from the other three in that it does not posit any metrical constituency. Second, the constituentized grid approach also represents stress with a grid, but by enhancing the representations with parentheses, metrical constituency is also indicated (cf. Halle and Vergnaud 1987). Hayes (1987) has recently developed an approach employing representations like those in the constituentized grid approach; I will refer to this as the templatic approach. This approach is different insofar as the constituents which are available in the theory are not derived from parameters, but rather it is the constituent templates themselves which are the primitives of the theory. The fourth approach is one in which relative prominence is indicated with arboreal structures, rather than with grids (cf. Hayes 1981, Hammond 1984). In this paper I will present an analysis of the stress pattern of Pacific Yup'ik which follows Rice (1988), and I will claim that this analysis has important implications for each of the approaches mentioned above. Pacific Yup'ik is a particularly interesting testing ground for metrical theories; for our purposes here, the interesting aspect is that an adequate analysis of the stress pattern has broad implications for various approaches to stress assignment.

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10

Bittner, HansjoÌˆrg. "The metrical structure of free verse." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361429.

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11

Olejarczuk, Paul. "Phonotactic Generalizations and the Metrical Parse." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/24189.

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This dissertation explores the relationship between English phonotactics – sequential dependencies between adjacent segments – and the metrical parse, which relies on the division of words into syllables. Most current theories of syllabification operate under the assumption that the phonotactic restrictions which co-determine syllable boundaries are constrained by word edges. For example, a syllable can never begin with a consonant sequence that is not also attested as a word onset. This view of phonotactics as categorical is outdated: for several decades now, psycholinguistic research employing monosyllables has shown that phonotactic knowledge is gradient, and that this gradience is projected from the lexicon and possibly also based on differences in sonority among consonants located at word margins. This dissertation is an attempt to reconcile syllabification theory with this modern view of phonotactics. In what follows, I propose and defend a gradient metrical parsing model which assigns English syllable boundaries as a probabilistic function of the well-formedness relations that obtain between potential syllable onsets and offsets. I argue that this well-formedness is subserved by the same sources already established in the phonotactic literature: probabilistic generalizations over the word edges as well as sonority. In support of my proposal, I provide experimental evidence from five sources: (1) a pseudoword hyphenation experiment, (2) a reanalysis of a well-known, large-scale hyphenation study using real English words, (3) a forced-choice preference task employing nonwords presented as minimal stress pairs, (4) an online stress assignment experiment, and (5) a study of the speech errors committed by the participants of (4). The results of all studies converge in support of the gradient parsing model and correlate significantly with each other. Subsequent computer simulations suggest that the gradient model is preferred to the categorical alternative throughout all stages of lexical acquisition. This dissertation contains co-authored material accepted for publication.

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12

Mirka, Danuta. "Tonal Function and Metrical Accent Revisited." Bärenreiter Verlag, 2012. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71943.

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13

Bider, Noreen Jane. "Tudor metrical psalmody and the English Reformations." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0026/NQ50115.pdf.

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14

Toswell, M. Jane. "Studies in the Paris Psalter, metrical version." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315951.

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15

Wells, Matthew J. "ASPECTS OF THE GEOMETRY OF METRICAL CONNECTIONS." UKnowledge, 2009. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/749.

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Differential geometry is about space (a manifold) and a geometric structure on that space. In Riemann’s lecture (see [17]), he stated that “Thus arises the problem, to discover the matters of fact from which the measure-relations of space may be determined...”. It is key then to understand how manifolds differ from one another geometrically. The results of this dissertation concern how the geometry of a manifold changes when we alter metrical connections. We investigate how diverse geodesics are in different metrical connections. From this, we investigate a new class of metrical connections which are dependent on the class of smooth functions. Specifically, we fix a Riemannian metric and investigate the geometry of the manifold when we change the metrical connections associated with the fixed Riemannian metric. We measure the change in the Riemannian curvatures associated with this new class of metrical connections, and then give uniqueness and existence criterion for curvature of compact 2-manifolds. These results depend on the use of Hodge Theory and ultimately on the function f we choose to define a metrical connection.

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16

Tuttle, Siri G. "Metrical and tonal structures in Tanana Athabaskan /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8397.

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17

Purnell, Thomas Clark. "Principles and parameters of phonological rules evidence from tone languages /." access full-text online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 1997. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?9831516.

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18

Averkov, Gennadiy. "Metrical Properties of Convex Bodies in Minkowski Spaces." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200401537.

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The objective of this dissertation is the application of Minkowskian cross-section measures (i.e., section and projection measures in finite-dimensional linear normed spaces over the real field) to various topics of geometric convexity in Minkowski spaces, such as bodies of constant Minkowskian width, Minkowskian geometry of simplices, geometric inequalities and the corresponding optimization problems for convex bodies. First we examine one-dimensional Minkowskian cross-section measures deriving (in a unified manner) various properties of these measures. Some of these properties are extensions of the corresponding Euclidean properties, while others are purely Minkowskian. Further on, we discover some new results on the geometry of a simplex in Minkowski spaces, involving descriptions of the so-called tangent Minkowskian balls and of simplices with equal Minkowskian heights. We also give some (characteristic) properties of bodies of constant width in Minkowski planes and in higher dimensional Minkowski spaces. This part of investigation has relations to the well known \emph{Borsuk problem} from the combinatorial geometry and to the widely used monotonicity lemma from the theory of Minkowski spaces. Finally, we study bodies of given Minkowskian thickness ($=$ minimal width) having least possible volume. In the planar case a complete description of this class of bodies is given, while in case of arbitrary dimension sharp estimates for the coefficient in the corresponding geometric inequality are found
Die Dissertation befasst sich mit Problemen fuer spezielle konvexe Koerper in Minkowski-Raeumen (d.h. in endlich-dimensionalen Banach-Raeumen). Es wurden Klassen der Koerper mit verschiedenen metrischen Eigenschaften betrachtet (z.B., Koerper konstante Breite, reduzierte Koerper, Simplexe mit Inhaltsgleichen Facetten usw.) und einige kennzeichnende und andere Eigenschaften fuer diese Klassen herleitet

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19

Rietmolen, Noemie te. "Neural signature of metrical stress processing in French." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU20006.

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La thèse actuelle présente une étude ERP du traitement du stress métrique en français. En effet, l'accentuation métrique joue un rôle important dans la compréhension des langues comme l'anglais et le néérlandais, mais son rôle dans le traitement du français n'est pas bien connu. Le français est une langue traditionnellement décrite sans accent. Cette thèse remet en question cette vision traditionnelle et s'aligne sur deux modèles métriques d'accentuation français, proposant que l'accent est encodé dans des patrons cognitifs sous-jacents. Dans notre étude interdisciplinaire en français sur le traitement des contraintes métriques, nous adoptons une approche fonctionnelle. Nous utilisons la méthode des potentiels évoqués (ERP), qui nous fournit une mesure extrêmement sensible et précise nous permettant de déterminer s’il existe un accent métrique en français et dans quelle mesure l'accent métrique aide l’auditeur à comprendre la parole. Nous montrerons que l'accent métrique facilite le traitement de la parole en français
The current dissertation presents an ERP-investigation of metrical stress processing in French. Indeed, while metrical stress is well known to play an invaluable role in speech comprehension, its functions in French speech processing are unclear. French is a language traditionally described as having no accent. This dissertation questions the traditional view and aligns to two metrical models on French accentuation, which propose stress to be encoded in cognitive templates underlying the abstract representation of the word. In our interdisciplinary investigation of metrical stress processing in French, we take a functional, yet metrically rooted, approach. We use the method of Event-Related Potentials (ERP), which provides us with a highly sensitive and temporally precise measure allowing us to determine whether there is metrical stress in French, and to what extent metrical stress aids the listener in speech comprehension. We will show that metrical stress facilitates processing throughout French comprehension and argue for metrical stress, as well as the domain of the word, to be given a more prominent place in the descriptions of French prosody

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20

Mitchell, B. S. "Immunological investigations of the rat metrial gland." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373978.

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21

Hamenstädt, Ursula. "Zur Theorie von Carnot-Caratheodory Metriken und ihren Anwendungen." Bonn : [s.n.], 1987. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/17488345.html.

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22

Taylor, R. D. "Rhythmic and metrical structure in the music of Stravinsky." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375707.

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23

Shelton, P. R. "Some studies of frequency dependent selection on metrical characters." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374816.

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24

Churchyard, Henry. "Topics in Tiberian Biblical Hebrew metrical phonology and prosodics /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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25

Gotham, Mark Robert Haigh. "The metre metrics : characterising (dis)similarity among metrical structures." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709080.

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26

Cooper, Andrew. "A unified account of the Old English metrical line." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-148370.

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This study describes the verse design of Old English poetry in terms of modern phonological theory, developing an analysis which allows all OE verse lines to be described in terms of single metrical design. Old English poetry is typified by a single type of line of variable length, characterised by four metrical peaks. The variation evident in the lengths of OE metrical units has caused previous models to overgenerate acceptable verse forms or to develop complex typologies of dozens of acceptable forms. In this study, Metrical phonology and Optimality theory are used to highlight some aspects of the relationship between syntax, phonology and verse metrics in determining how sentences and phrases interact with the verse structure to create variation. The main part of the study is a metrical model based on the results of a corpus analysis. The corpus is centred on the OE poems Genesis and Andreas, complemented by selected shorter poems. A template of a prototypical line is described based on a verse foot which contains three vocalic moras, and which can vary between 2 and 4 vocalic moras distributed across 1 to 4 syllables. Each standard line is shown to consist of four of these verse feet, leading to a line length which can vary between 8 and 16 vocalic moras. It is shown that the limited variation within the length of the verse foot causes the greater variation in the length of lines. The rare, longer ‘hypermetric’ line is also accounted for with a modified analysis. The study disentangles the verse foot, which is an abstract metrical structure, from the prosodic word, which is a phonological object upon which the verse foot is based, and with which it is often congruent. Separate sets of constraints are elaborated for creating prosodic words in OE, and for fitting them into verse feet and lines. The metrical model developed as a result of this analysis is supported by three smaller focused studies. The constraints for creating prosodic words are defended with reference to compounds and derivational nouns, and are supported by a smaller study focusing on the metrical realisation of non-Germanic personal names in OE verse. Names of biblical origin are often longer than the OE prosodic word can accommodate. The supporting study on non-Germanic names demonstrates how long words with no obvious internal morphology in OE are adapted first to OE prosody and then to the verse structure. The solution for the metrical realisation of these names is shown to be patterned on derivational nouns. The supporting study on compound numerals describes how phrases longer than a verse are accommodated by the verse design. It is shown that compound numerals, which consist of two or more numeral words (e.g. 777 – seofonhund and seofon and hundseofontig) are habitually rearranged within the text to meet the requirements of verse length and alliteration. A further supporting study discusses the difference between the line length constraints controlling OE verse design and those for Old Norse and Old Saxon verse. Previous studies have often conflated these three closely related traditions into a single system. It is shown that despite their common characteristics, the verse design described in this study applies to all OE verse, but not to ON or OS.

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27

Lee, Christopher. "The perception of metrical structure in monotone rhythmic sequences." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317289.

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28

Kelly, Stephen T. "Homeric correption and the metrical distinctions between speeches and narrative." New York : Garland, 1990. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/20823392.html.

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29

Crowhurst, Megan Jane. "Minimality and foot structure in metrical phonology and prosodic morphology." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185652.

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This dissertation develops a theory of minimality and foot structure in metrical phonology and prosodic morphology. Central to the theory is the proposal that whether foot structures may be satisfied by a minimum of phonological content is determined by specifying binary values for a new parameter, the Minimal Structure Parameter. The theory of minimality is embedded within a larger theory of prosody which construes metrical footing as mapping to templates. Under this view, metrical templates are subject to the same universal principles, for example Template Satisfaction and Maximization of Association, which constrain association to templates in morphological foot mapping and syllabification. The dissertation argues that the Minimal Structure Parameter together with these principles provides not only a uniform account of diverse metrical phenomena, but offers in addition a principled treatment of an unexpected parallel between metrical and morphological systems: morphological foot structures as well as those in metrical systems may permit subcanonical exemplars of feet. In addition to the parallel just noted, the dissertation finds two differences between metrical and morphological foot structures. First, while metrical feet must specify head elements, morphological feet do not require them. One argument is based on templatic asymmetries between metrical and morphological surface foot inventories. The occurrence of certain foot structures in metrical systems but not in morphology (e.g. trisyllabic feet [σ σ σ], Revised Obligatory Branching feet [σμμ σ]) is explained under the theory of minimality and headship developed within. Second, the minimal constraint on metrical feet is either one or two morae, whereas the minimum for subcanonical feet in morphology is two morae. This is also made to follow from the head/no-head distinction: a metrical foot can be no smaller than the smallest head permitted by the language. In morphology where feet do not specify heads, Minimal Structure defaults to the universal inventory of feet and imposes as the minimal criterion the smallest foot template defined by UG--the bimoraic foot. This work contributes to prosodic theory in (i) aligning theory with data, (ii) aligning metrical theory in particular with theories of templates in morphology and syllabification, and (iii) defining more precisely one constraint on templatic association.

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Nair, R. "On exceptional sets in the metrical theory of uniform distribution." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377106.

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31

Shea, Rebecca Lynn. "The effectiveness of a prosodic intervention on children's metrical patterns /." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 1999. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1395238.

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Kelly, Stephen Timothy. "Homeric correption and the metrical distinctions between speeches and narrative /." New York : Garland publ, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb356983748.

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Bosworth, William Thomas. "Accentual counterpoint and metrical narrative in the music of Brahms." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283616.

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This thesis introduces a web of concepts to analyse Brahmsian metre and move toward a more nuanced understanding of metrical expression and narrative in his music. Recent analytical studies of metre in common-practice Western classical music have utilised a powerful analogy of consonance and dissonance between tonal and metrical dimensions. More theoretical studies, particularly of Brahms's music, have investigated how metrical states can be systematised, both abstractly and by Brahms, to create a sense of tonicity. This thesis synthesises and extends these approaches. Metrical dissonance is suggested to offer only an insufficient purchase on Brahms's metrical style, and the concept of accentual counterpoint is suggested as an alternative that gives fuller power to the explication of Brahms's metrical complexity, but without reducing that complexity. The complexity of metrical states that Brahms employs, in turn, is explored. Brahms's path to the composition of extraordinary metrical complexity in his Op. 78 violin sonata shows both his increasing systematisation of metrical states and his increasing ability to separate and manipulate metrical accent-types, the latter supporting the concept of accentual counterpoint. That metre has expressive power invites the concept of metrical narrative. An attempt is made to unite a recent theory of musical narrative with metrical analysis, inviting readings of different narrative archetypes within Brahms's metrical trajectories, with a focus on non-romantic narratives as a complement to traditional readings of unity. The pitch-metre analogy, and particularly the typicality of tonicity in metrical organisation, is problematised by those works by Brahms that begin and end in different notated metres. These instances, apparent manifestations of directional metre, are analysed, principally using the theories of hypermetre, metrical dissonance, metrical states and accentual counterpoint, with the hypothetical concepts of organisation (directional metre, metrical narrative and metrical tonicity) as interactive heuristics. Moving from organisation back to expression, the thesis closes by exploring a problem within current theories of form and phrase structure: the difference between musical expansion and extension. It highlights a metrical manifestation of this created as an effect of accentual counterpoint, dubbed metrical expansiveness, and examines the interaction of this effect with form and narrative.

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34

Goodman, Barbara Anne. "Aspects of transformation and disenchantment in some Middle English metrical romances." Thesis, University of London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243387.

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35

Feuerer, Stephan [Verfasser], and Victor [Akademischer Betreuer] Batyrev. "Spezielle Kähler-Metriken auf sphärischen Varietäten / Stephan Feuerer ; Betreuer: Victor Batyrev." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1162970685/34.

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36

Van, Zyl Augustinus Johannes. "Metrical aspects of the complexification of tensor products and tensor norms." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07142009-180520.

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37

Giavazzi, Maria. "The phonetics of metrical prominence and its consequences on segmental phonology." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62408.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 191-199).
Only very few phonological processes are reported to be conditioned by stress. There are two major patterns of stress-sensitive processes: segments are lengthened under stress, and vowels become louder. Two other phonological patterns are reported in the presence of stress, although they don't seem to enhance prominence of the stressed position: the preservation of segmental contrast and the enhancement of acoustic properties of the releases in stress-adjacent consonants. The main question of this dissertation is why there are so few segmental processes that show sensitivity to stress. Why are the major segmental processes affecting consonants (e.g. place assimilation, nasalization and voice neutralization) not sensitive about whether their trigger or target is in a stressed position? The analysis of prosodic conditioning presented here has three components: First every stress-conditioned process is enforced by a markedness constraint requiring the perceptual prominence of a metrically strong position. Languages use two strategies to implement this prominence: increasing the duration of the stressed position, or increasing the perceptual energy of the stressed vowel. Second, increasing the loudness of the stressed vowel has side-effects on the realization of stress adjacent stop releases, which result from the subglottal mechanisms used to produce the increase in loudness. These side-effects constitute the small class of stress-conditioned segmental alternations which are not directly enhancing the prominence of the stressed position. Third, both the effects of prominence requirements and the side-effects of prominence enhancement on the phonetic realization of segments in stressed positions may affect the perceptual distinctiveness between contrasting sounds in stressed positions: if the perceptual distinctiveness between contrasting sounds is decreased in a stressed position, contrast neutralization might arise. If the perceptual distinctiveness between contrasting sounds is increased in a stressed position, stress-conditioned contrast preservation might arise. Contrast preservation in stressed positions is therefore not an effect of Positional faithfulness; it emerges as the indirect consequence of prominence enhancement. The set of segmental features which may be targeted by stress-sensitive processes is extremely limited since it is restricted to those features which can be affected by one of three processes: duration, loudness and effects of raised subglottal pressure on stop releases.
by Maria Giavazzi.
Ph.D.

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38

WAGNER, JEAN-MARIE. "Ph-metrie et reflux gastro-oesophagien chez l'adulte." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR1M165.

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39

Sund, Pontus. "Kodanalys med mjukvarumetriker : En fältstudie hos Monitor ERP System AB." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Datavetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-24305.

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Abstract:

Det finns inga definitiva överenskommelser om vad som är ”bra” programkod vilket gör det svårt att mäta kvaliteten hos programvara. Ändå är det viktigt för företag som säljer mjukvara att hålla hög kvalitet på koden för att underlätta ändringar när nya funktioner introduceras. Metriker kan användas för att mäta olika aspekter på objektorienterad design. Detta arbete undersöker (1) vilka metriker som är intressanta för Monitor ERP System AB, (2) vilka värden som är rekommenderade för dessa metriker, (3) vilka värden metrikerna producerar utifrån Monitors kodbas och (4) om värdena stämmer överens med framtagna rekommendationer. För att göra detta undersöks tidigare studier bland olika databaser, ett program skapas för att ta fram metrikvärdena och relativa gränsvärden genereras utifrån dessa. Till sist utförs en analys, där det visar sig att kodbasen till stor del följer rekommenderade gränsvärden.

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Chávez, Peón Mario E. "The interaction of metrical structure, tone, and phonation types in Quiaviní Zapotec." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27907.

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This thesis investigates the interaction between different prosodic patterns in Quiaviní Zapotec (Otomanguean), and accounts for them both at the phonetic and the phonological level. In it, I examine an array of complex patterns along multiple dimensions, including metrical structure, tone, and phonation types; as well as how these patterns interact with the fortis/lenis distinction, and syllable structure. Within the framework of Optimality Theory, my analysis sheds light on the phonetics-phonology interface and emphasizes the need for a theory with moraic structure. This dissertation presents the first thorough phonetic documentation of the prosody of Quiaviní Zapotec. It makes a significant empirical contribution by providing descriptive generalizations of vowel and consonant length, a reanalysis of tone as contrastive in Quiaviní Zapotec, and a new approach to the study of the four-way phonation contrast in this language — modal /a/, breathy /a̤/, creaky /a̰/ and interrupted /aʔ/ vowels — (cf. Munro & Lopez, 1999). In addition, this research makes significant contributions to phonological theory, with regards to both segmental and prosodic phenomena. Within an emergent feature approach, I revisit the fortis/lenis distinction, which crosscuts the obstruent-sonorant contrast in Quiaviní Zapotec. I analyze it as a composite of language-specific phonological and phonetic properties, encoded with the feature [+/-fortis]. Adding to the typology of syllable weight, fortis consonants are analyzed as moraic in coda position, but among them, only fortis sonorants may bear tone alongside vowels (i.e. *[-SON][TONE] ‘No tones on obstruents’). Furthermore, I show specific timing patterns for the phonetic implementation of tonal and laryngeal features. Quiaviní Zapotec exhibits compatibility of contrasts; compromise of phonological features (e.g. tonal contrasts are cued during modal phonation, followed by breathiness or laryngealization); or complete incompatibility, which translates into phonemic gaps. This distribution is formalized in terms of markedness interaction and grounded constraints (e.g. ‘If [+spread glottis], then Low tone’, accounting for the absence of high tone with breathy vowels). Overall, the thesis analyzes the minimal prosodic word in Quiaviní Zapotec (a bimoraic foot) as the domain where the full array of tonal and phonation type contrasts takes place, and illustrates particular mechanisms by which phonetic factors shape phonology.

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Bartels, Natasha Grace. "A test of non-metrical analysis as applied to the beaker problem." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ34298.pdf.

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Bishop, Judith Bronwyn. "Aspects of intonation and prosody in Bininj gun-wok : autosegmental-metrical analysis /." Connect to thesis, 2002. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000523.

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43

Duguid, Timothy Charles. "Sing a new song : English and Scottish metrical psalmody from 1549-1640." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5966.

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The Book of Psalms has occupied a privileged place in Christianity from its earliest years, but it was not until the sixteenth century that metrical versifications of the Psalms became popular. Because of the notable influence of Martin Luther and John Calvin, the musical phenomenon of metrical psalm singing spread throughout Protestant circles on the European mainland and in Britain. These versifications knew no boundaries among Protestants: reformers and parishioners, kings and laypeople, men and women, young and old memorised and sang the metrical psalms. In England and Scotland, the versifications written by Thomas Sternhold and John Hopkins became the most popular, as editions of these texts were printed in England from 1549 to 1828. The present study considers these metrical versifications and their melodies as they were printed and performed in England and Scotland from their inception until the final Scottish edition appeared in 1640. In particular, this study asserts that the years from 1560 to 1640 saw the development and reinforcement of two distinct ecclesiastical psalm cultures, one in England and the other in Scotland. Though based on a common foundation in the Sternhold and Hopkins texts, English and Scottish metrical psalmody preserved their distinct natures. However, both traditions also influenced their counterparts. The present study considers these cross‐influences and their effect on the tensions between conformity with foreign influences and fidelity to established practice in both countries. This study finally seeks to fill two significant gaps in current scholarship. It first compares the developments in English and Scottish metrical psalmody in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Secondly, it considers the relationships between psalm tunes and their texts, with a closer musical analysis of the tunes than has previously been attempted.

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Thomas, Robert Neil Webb. "Cattle and the Romano-British economy : a metrical analysis of size variation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.237224.

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45

Brasselet, Romain. "Neural coding in the ascending somatosensory pathway : a metrical information theory approach." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066378.

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Pour étudier la neurotransmission, nous proposons une extension de l'information de Shannon, appelé information métrique, qui intègre explicitement les relations métriques entre les signaux via une distance sur les trains d'impulsions (TI). La métrique est interprétée comme une projection des propriétés du décodeur sur l'espace des TI. Ceci permet donc de déterminer quels sont les paramètres optimaux des neurones qui reçoivent ces signaux pour transmettre une quantité d'information maximale. Nous appliquons cette méthode à des données de microneurographie des mécanorécepteurs du doigt avec une distance de Victor-Purpura. Après quelques dizaines de millisecondes, l'information métrique est maximale. Nous proposons ensuite un modèle de Noyau Cunéiforme (NC), le premier relai des mécanorécepteurs au système nerveux central, sans récurrence que nous connectons aux mécanorécepteurs d'après des données de convergence et divergence et des données electrophysiologiques enregistrées chez le chat. Pour estimer la capacité d'une telle couche de neurones à propager l'information, nous implémentons un règle de plasticité biologiquement plausible dépendente du minutage des TI. Ce réseau parvient à transmettre l'information métrique et l'organisation précise des signaux des mécanorécepteurs en un temps très court (5-10 ms). Enfin, nous définissons une nouvelle distance inspirée du traitement des TI par un neurone réel. Avec des paramètres adéquats, l'espace de réponse de la population de mécanorécepteurs peut être isométrique à celui des stimulations. Cette organisation métrique peut être vu comme la possibilité pour le système nerveux central de généraliser.

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Duriez, Christophe. "Impedance-metrie en controle alimentaire : etude critique (doctorat : microbiologie)." Lille 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIL2P264.

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Fankhänel, Andreas [Verfasser], Horst [Akademischer Betreuer] Martini, and Gunter [Gutachter] Weiß. "Metrical Problems in Minkowski Geometry / Andreas Fankhänel ; Gutachter: Gunter Weiß ; Betreuer: Horst Martini." Chemnitz : Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1214244335/34.

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Braunnagel, Daniel [Verfasser], Susanne [Akademischer Betreuer] Leist, and Bernd [Akademischer Betreuer] Heinrich. "Metriken zur Bewertung und Verbesserung von Prozessmodellen / Daniel Braunnagel ; Susanne Leist, Bernd Heinrich." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1139892401/34.

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Taşdelen, Pınar. "Romancing the ordeal : representations of pain and suffering in Middle English metrical romances." Thesis, University of Hull, 2012. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:14343.

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This thesis concentrates on the representations of pain and suffering in forty-five Middle English metrical romances. This excludes certain Arthurian and non-anonymous material. It comprises an introduction, five chapters, and an index of themes related to suffering, categorizing the suffering theme in metrical romances. The introduction deals with the definitions, authorship, audience, classification, manuscript contexts and indexes of metrical romances, so as to contextualize the current work. The first chapter categorizes the villains and focuses on the reasons for villainy and the nature of domestic and stranger villains, who are inherently evil, have reasons to be villainous, or who act as a catalyst to initiate villainy, distinguishing them from good villains who victimize unintentionally. It also examines how villainies are punished. The second and the third chapters concentrate on female and male victims respectively, and explore the nature and reactions of victims, how victims respond to their ordeals (either in a submissive or resistant fashion) and the representations of self-victimizers. The functions of domestic and stranger relievers of suffering are also considered. The fourth chapter discusses how Middle English metrical romances make use of journeys in the form of enforced exile, self-exile, quest and pilgrimage. The fifth chapter examines how divine interferences and supernatural agents function in the representations of pain and suffering, while paying attention to the significance of dreams in relation to suffering, and the representations of ordeals in the fairy world. The index categorizes the conventional romance characters and circumstances with particular relation to the representations of suffering. It is also intended to serve as a research tool for scholars studying ordeals in Middle English romances, or romances in general.

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Braunnagel, Daniel Verfasser], Susanne [Akademischer Betreuer] [Leist, and Bernd [Akademischer Betreuer] Heinrich. "Metriken zur Bewertung und Verbesserung von Prozessmodellen / Daniel Braunnagel ; Susanne Leist, Bernd Heinrich." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1139892401/34.

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