Journal articles: 'Metro'

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R�GIS-SILVA, Midson Jonhatas, Osmar Francisco Pinto Dos SANTOS, Luiz Carlos da SILVA-J�NIOR, Hermes Magueira DINIZ, Ugo Lima SILVA, and M�rio Henrique Gon�alves e. OLIVEIRA. "COMPARA��O ENTRE UM TERM�METRO CONSTRU�DO COM ARDUINO E TERM�METROS USADOS NO MERCADO." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Pesca 10, no. 2 (2017): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.18817/repesca.v10i2.1366.

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Resumo - Em aquicultura � necess�rio um controle da qualidade da �gua, em especial de alguns par�metros f�sico-qu�micos. Entre eles, temos a temperatura, que influencia o desempenho dos organismos aqu�ticos. Nesse trabalho, comparamos a efici�ncia de um term�metro constru�do com o uso de uma placa Arduino com diversos term�metros usados na aquicultura. Comparamos, atrav�s do teste t, o comportamento do term�metro feito com Arduino, e os term�metros espeto, laser e multipar�metro. Conclu�mos que o multipar�metro pode ser substitu�do pelo term�metro feito com Arduino com um custo compat�vel com o term�metro espeto.

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Liu, Yuan. "Discussion of Issues on Waterproof Construction of Metro Station." Urban Transportation & Construction 2 (December 3, 2015): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/utc.v2i1.6.

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With the stable economic growth and rapid urban construction, urban metro is becoming the major transportation tool in medium and large scaled cities. Metro provides convenient and effective transportation services to the public. During the metro construction, water leakage issues occurred frequently and creates huge impacts on the construction and usage of metros. This paper analyzes the causes of metro station water leakage and states the detailed metro station foundation surface and waterproof layer construction techniques, waterproof techniques on construction joints and induction joints, concrete waterproof techniques and waterproof materials leaking stoppage techniques. It is critical to adopt scientific waterproof measures in construction which secure the metro construction quality. It has significant meanings to facilitate a sustainable development of metro construction corporates.

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Dong, Jieshuang, Shawen Chen, Wenxiang Li, Yiwei Zhou, and Hongyun Si. "Evaluation of Dockless Bike-Sharing Transfer Services around Metro Stations considering Spatial Heterogeneity." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2022 (May 30, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7732485.

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The dockless bike-sharing system provides a convenient transfer option for metros, which can solve the “last mile” problem for passengers. However, the quality of bike-sharing transfer services around metro stations and its influencing factors are still unrevealed. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the bike-sharing transfer services for different metro stations considering spatial heterogeneity. First, the transfer ridership of bike-sharing around each metro station is calculated based on the trip data of the Mobike in Shanghai. Then, a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model is used to analyze the relationships between the transfer ridership and built environment features around each metro station. Given the GWR model, a spatially varying benchmark is established to independently evaluate the bike-sharing transfer service of each metro station based on the deviation between the actual transfer ridership and its benchmark. In this case, the metro stations whose actual bike-sharing transfer ridership is below the benchmark are identified as the objects that need to improve their bike-sharing transfer services. The results show that the benchmark derived from the GWR model varies from station to station depending on the metro ridership, population density, and cycleway density around the metro station. In addition, bike-sharing transfer services around metro stations are better in Xuhui District, Minhang District, and Huangpu District, and worse in Pudong District and Qingpu District. Therefore, this study is helpful for the government and operators to better optimize the connection between dockless bike-sharing and metros.

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Wei, Junjun, Kejun Long, Jian Gu, Qingling Ju, and Piao Zhu. "Optimizing Bus Line Based on Metro-Bus Integration." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (2020): 1493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041493.

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Metros are usually built and added on the basis of a completed bus network in Chinese cities. After the metro construction, it is faced with the problem of how to adjust and optimize the original bus lines based on the new metro system. This research mainly proposes a bus line optimization method based on bus and metro integration. In the consideration of the geographical space, the cooperation and competition relationship between bus and metro lines is qualitatively introduced according to the geographical location and service range of metro (800 m radius) and bus (500 m radius) stations. The competition and cooperation indexes are applied to define the co-opetition relationship between bus and metro lines. The bus line optimization model is constructed based on the co-opetition coefficient and Changsha Metro Line Number 2 is chosen as a case study to verify the optimization model. The results show that the positive competition, efficient cooperation, and travel efficiency between metro and bus has been significantly enhanced after optimization. Moreover, this paper provides a reasonable reference for public transport network planning and resource allocation.

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Schmöcker, Jan-Dirk, Shoshana Cooper, and William Adeney. "Metro Service Delay Recovery." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1930, no. 1 (2005): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193000104.

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This study was conducted to identify the strategies used by operators to provide a high level of service. The research distinguishes between punctuality and regularity of service and proposes that metro passengers primarily value regularity. The focus of this research is not on incident prevention, but on strategies that can be implemented after an incident to restore service swiftly and to minimize delay. The research identifies the recovery strategies used by six metros and summarizes advantages and disadvantages of these strategies. The influence of the type of delay on the choice of strategy is described. Similarly, the impact of constraints such as line length, service frequency, and passenger crowding on the effectiveness of each strategy is also discussed. It was found that it was generally sufficient to distinguish minor incidents, slow-moving delays, and major incidents. A case study shows that those metros with higher inbuilt flexibility can return more easily to normal service. This finding will have implications for metro management. The research has been carried out by the Railway Technology Strategy Centre at Imperial College London in collaboration with the Community of Metros benchmarking group. The performances and service qualities of six metros (three European, two American, and one Asian) have been analyzed and compared. The study consists of a quantitative analysis of the performance of two lines from each metro, together with a more qualitative assessment of the strategies used to optimize performance, through structured interviews with key operational and managerial staff.

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Lacy, Stephen, Ardyth B. Sohn, and Lowndes F. Stephens. "A Content Analysis of Metropolitan & Suburban Papers in Denver & Detroit." Newspaper Research Journal 10, no. 3 (1989): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073953298901000305.

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Metro dailies and suburban non-dailies seem to be complementary, not interchangeable, at least in this study of four metros and 28 suburban non-dailies in the Denver and Detroit areas. Metro papers and suburban papers cover different things, which seems to be what readers want: different things from different papers.

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Müller, Annette. "Metro-Aktionäre kritisieren Russland-Kurs." Lebensmittel Zeitung 76, no. 6 (2024): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/0947-7527-2024-6-006-1.

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Aqib, Muhammad, Rashid Mehmood, Ahmed Alzahrani, Iyad Katib, Aiiad Albeshri, and Saleh M. Altowaijri. "Rapid Transit Systems: Smarter Urban Planning Using Big Data, In-Memory Computing, Deep Learning, and GPUs." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (2019): 2736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102736.

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Rapid transit systems or metros are a popular choice for high-capacity public transport in urban areas due to several advantages including safety, dependability, speed, cost, and lower risk of accidents. Existing studies on metros have not considered appropriate holistic urban transport models and integrated use of cutting-edge technologies. This paper proposes a comprehensive approach toward large-scale and faster prediction of metro system characteristics by employing the integration of four leading-edge technologies: big data, deep learning, in-memory computing, and Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). Using London Metro as a case study, and the Rolling Origin and Destination Survey (RODS) (real) dataset, we predict the number of passengers for six time intervals (a) using various access transport modes to reach the train stations (buses, walking, etc.); (b) using various egress modes to travel from the metro station to their next points of interest (PoIs); (c) traveling between different origin-destination (OD) pairs of stations; and (d) against the distance between the OD stations. The prediction allows better spatiotemporal planning of the whole urban transport system, including the metro subsystem, and its various access and egress modes. The paper contributes novel deep learning models, algorithms, implementation, analytics methodology, and software tool for analysis of metro systems.

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Ushakov, Dmitriy E., and Dmitriy V. Karelin. "Evaluating the impact of function density distribution on metro passenger flows." Vestnik MGSU, no. 2 (February 2023): 165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2023.2.165-177.

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Introduction. The distribution of residential and business functions density in relation to walking distances to metro stations was considered to determine their relationship with annual metro passenger flows. The aim of the study was to identify common dependencies typical for regional cities, including Novosibirsk, Ekaterinburg, Kazan, Nizhny Novgorod, and Samara. Understanding dependencies that determine metro passenger flows will help to identify optimal strategies for development of offstreet transport in regional cities.  Materials and methods. Open source data were used. Data on annual passenger metro traffic were provided by metro operators and the International Metro Association. The method of regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship. The information was prepared and visualized using QGIS and Python.  Results. A positive correlation was identified between the density of residential areas and annual metro passenger flows as a result of the total evaluation of all cities. When evaluating the business function, the authors found that the greatest concentration of the number of corporate entities in the cities was focused in their administrative centres, or central business districts. A negative correlation between the average distance from all metro stations to administrative centres of cities (ACC), railway stations and annual metro passenger traffic was identified. Multiregression analysis showed that in all cities annual metro passenger flows were 69–90 % determined by the density of residential areas within walking distance of metro stations and the average distance from metro stations to ACC and the railway station. Independent variables are not multicollinear with each other.  Conclusions. A strong dependence between annual metro passenger flows and residential or business functions was obtained. These results describe the dependence characteristic of all regional cities that have metros. This information can be used to evaluate the prospects for the development of offstreet transport in regional cities of Russia in the process of updating their master plans. The direction for further research is to evaluate the contribution of the residential function to metro passenger flows separately for each radius of walking distance of stations.

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Tang, Hanqi, and Dandan Zhou. "Understanding the Competition and Cooperation between Dockless Bike-Sharing and Metro Systems in View of Mobility." Sustainability 16, no. 13 (2024): 5780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16135780.

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The advent of dockless bike-sharing (DBS) represents an effective solution to enhance public transportation usage. However, despite growing interest in integrating DBS with metro systems, comprehensive studies on their competitive and cooperative relationships remain limited. This study aims to analyze the spatial, temporal, and mobility characteristics of metro-related DBS to explore integration opportunities. Initially, three modes of interaction between DBS and metros are identified: strong competition, weak competition, and feeder relationships. Subsequently, based on these relationships, the analysis focuses on distance, spatio-temporal patterns, and the scope of DBS activities. Results from Beijing indicate that metro-associated DBS primarily serves as “last-mile” solutions without significant short-range competition with metro systems. Strongly competitive relationships, on the other hand, are interaction patterns due to the dense overlay of metro stations and inconvenient transfer facilities and are mainly used for non-commuting purposes. Furthermore, weakly competing and feeder DBS systems exhibit similar commuting patterns, highlighting bicycling as a viable alternative to walking within metro catchment areas and that metro catchment areas should be adapted to bicycling. Mobility communities, identified as tightly integrated cycling hubs, are proposed as strategic dispatch zones to manage peak demands and reduce operational strain on DBS fleets. These findings deepen our understanding of DBS and metro system interactions, offering insights to optimize public transport operations and enhance urban mobility solutions.

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Guo, Haiyang, Yun Bai, Qianyun Hu, Huangrui Zhuang, and Xujie Feng. "Optimization on metro timetable considering train capacity and passenger demand from intercity railways." Smart and Resilient Transport 3, no. 1 (2021): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srt-06-2020-0004.

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Purpose To evacuate passengers arriving at intercity railway stations efficiently, metros and intercity railways usually share the same station or have stations close to each other. When intercity trains arrive intensively, a great number of passengers will burst into the metro station connecting with the intercity railway station within a short period, while the number of passengers will decrease substantially when intercity trains arrive sparsely. The metro timetables with regular headway currently adopted in real-world operations cannot handle the injected passenger demand properly. Timetable optimization of metro lines connecting with intercity railway stations is essential to improve service quality. Design/methodology/approach Based on arrival times of intercity trains and the entire process for passengers transferring from railway to metro, this paper develops a mathematical model to characterize the time-varying demand of passengers arriving at the platform of a metro station connecting with an intercity railway station. Provided the time-varying passenger demand and capacity of metro trains, a timetable model to optimize train departure time of a bi-direction metro line where an intermediate station connects with an intercity railway station is proposed. The objective is to minimize waiting time of passengers at the connecting station. The proposed timetable model is solved by an adaptive large neighborhood search algorithm. Findings Real-world case studies show that the prediction accuracy of the proposed model on passenger demand at the connecting station is higher than 90%, and the timetable model can reduce waiting time of passengers at the connecting station by 28.47% which is increased by 5% approximately than the calculation results of the generic algorithm. Originality/value This paper puts forward a model to predict the number of passengers arriving at the platform of connection stations via analyzing the entire process for passengers transferring from intercity trains to metros. Also, a timetable optimization model aiming at minimizing passenger waiting time of a metro line where an intermediate station is connected to an intercity railway station is proposed.

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Wierel, Karolina. "Post-apocalyptic vision of man in novels by Dmitry Glukhovsky: "Metro 2033", "Metro 2034" and "Metro 2035"." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio FF, Philologia 34, no. 2 (2017): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/ff.2016.34.2.77.

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Wierel, Karolina. "Post-apocalyptic vision of man in novels by Dmitry Glukhovsky: "Metro 2033", "Metro 2034" and "Metro 2035"." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio FF, Philologia 34, no. 2 (2017): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/ff.2016.34.77.

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Marcos, Winicius Fonseca Moraes, Ferreira Silveira Tavares Emanuel, and Roberto de Carvalho Lucas. "EFEITO DE DENSIDADE POPULACIONAL NA SOJA (GLYCINE MAX)." Revistaft 28, no. 128 (2023): 74. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10140474.

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O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o crescimento e as características agronômicas da cultura da soja. O ensaio experimental foi realizado em uma fazenda do município de São Luís de Montes Belos – GO, que não foi identificada em razão ética. A cultivar utilizada foi a MARACAÍ 77HO110 IPRO. O delineamento utilizado foi de blocos casualizados (DBC) composto por cinco tratamentos, com quatro repetições por tratamento, totalizando vinte parcelas experimentais. Quanto aos tratamentos citados foram: T1= 5 plantas por metro; T2 = 10 plantas por metro; T3= 15 plantas por metro; T4= 20 plantas por metro; e T5 =25 plantas por metro. As parcelas foram plantadas com 6 linhas de 7 metros, com espaçamento entre linhas de 0,50 cm, totalizando 21 metros quadrados por parcela, cujo plantio ocorreu em 2 de novembro de 2022 e a colheita em 28 de fevereiro de 2023. Foi possível considerar que a altura máxima das plantas foi obtida por T4 e T5, quanto ao número de vagens, os melhores resultados (com maior quantidade) foi obtido em T1, o mesmo ocorreu com o número de sementes (maior número de sementes obtido em T1), ambos com resultado decrescentes, quanto a variável 1000 grãos os valores oscilaram, sendo o melhor resultado em T2. Observa-se que a menor quantidade de plantas por metro é favorável e eleva sua produtividade, o que se deve ao fato de que o arranjo com muitas plantas pode afetar o número de vagens ou sementes uma vez que as plantas começam a competir entre si pelos recursos do ambiente como água, luz e nutrientes, quanto maior o número de plantas menor a quantidade de nutrientes disponíveis para cada uma delas. 

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Long, Jia Xing, and Sung Pil Lee. "A Study on the Development of Metro Servicescape Evaluation Tool Based on Service Design Focusing on Busan Metro Servicescape Analysis." Korea Institute of Design Research Society 8, no. 2 (2023): 220–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.46248/kidrs.2023.2.220.

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With economic and social development, people's pursuit of service quality is getting higher and higher, and the requirements for metros have also changed from fast, safe, and orderly means of movement to providing high-quality comfort and a full range of service experience. It is difficult to be perceived and evaluated by users. Therefore, to enable users to feel the service more intuitively, it is necessary to make the invisible service tangible. Therefore, to improve the service quality of the metro, based on the existing research on the metro servicescape, the metro service scene evaluation tool is developed through the research on the servicescape and service design visualization tools to help users evaluate the metro servicescape. This research studies the correlation between servicescape and service design visualization tools and derives six components of metro servicescape evaluation tools, and uses the Expert in-depth interview to verify and apply them. Therefore, this paper chooses Busan Metro as the object to evaluate when using the metro servicescape evaluation tool. The results are as follows: (1)Cleanliness: 60 points, (2)Spatiality: 50 points, (3)Comfort, Safety: 48 points, (4)Convenience: 44 points, (5)Aesthetics, Openness, Information: 35 points, (6)Sociality: 29 points, (7)Entertainment: 26 points. Through in-depth expert interviews and case studies, it was concluded that the subway servicescape evaluation tool plays an auxiliary role in the metro servicescape evaluation, orderly the evaluation process, and the corporate parts also provide valuable reference materials for the evaluation process.

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Hasík, Otakar, and Jir̆í Růz̆ic̆ka. "Prague Metro / Die Prager Metro." Geomechanics and Tunnelling 6, no. 2 (2013): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/geot.201300008.

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Mokhov, Nikita B., and Vladimir N. Efimov. "DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS TO IMPROVE THE SOCIOECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE ORGANISATION’S FUNCTIONING." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 7/2, no. 148 (2024): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2024.07.02.005.

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The purpose of this article is to develop methods to improve the socio-economic efficiency of the functioning of the St. Petersburg Metro. To realise this goal, the following tasks have been implemented: The current state of the St. Petersburg Metro was analysed, using SWOT-analysis; methods of increasing socio-economic efficiency offered by modern authors were sorted out, and proposals for methods of increasing socio-economic efficiency of the functioning of the St. Petersburg Metro were formed. The research included SWOT-analysis, analysis of statistical data of St. Petersburg metro, analysis of methods of increasing socio-economic efficiency of organisations available in scientific literature. As the results of the research, the methods of increasing the socio-economic efficiency of organisations, outlined in the study, are formed, taking into account current practices, moreover, a recommendation for their application is given not only at the level of St. Petersburg Metro, but also metros of other developing cities of Russia. As a conclusion, it is worth noting that at all levels of management St. Petersburg Metro should implement creative ideas and adopt a comprehensive strategy to improve the socio-economic efficiency of its activities, especially taking into account the proposals outlined in this study.

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Srivastava, Rashmi, and Arvind Kumar. "ROLE OF AI IN SHAPING THE FUTURE OF INDIA'S METRO TRANSIT SYSTEMS: OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES, AND PROSPECTS." International Journal of Innovations & Research Analysis 05, no. 01(II) (2025): 219–31. https://doi.org/10.62823/ijira/5.1(ii).7412.

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This study investigates the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in shaping the future of India's metro transit systems. As urbanization accelerates and mobility demands surge, metro systems face mounting pressure to deliver safer, more efficient, and sustainable services. The research aims to identify key areas within metro operations where AI can be integrated, evaluate its potential benefits, analyze existing challenges, and propose strategic pathways for successful implementation. Through a review of academic literature, real-world examples from Indian metros, and policy analyses, the study finds that AI technologies—such as predictive maintenance, automated train operations, intelligent surveillance, and real-time passenger information systems—offer significant opportunities to modernize India's metro networks. However, challenges including outdated infrastructure, data silos, high capital costs, workforce limitations, and the absence of robust regulatory frameworks impede full-scale AI adoption. The study concludes that while AI is no longer a futuristic concept but a present necessity, its sustainable integration requires a holistic, context-specific strategy involving technological upgrades, capacity building, stakeholder alignment, and policy reform. By achieving all its objectives, this research contributes a forward-looking roadmap for India to align its metro systems with global best practices and smart city aspirations

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Cohen, Judith M., Alexander S. Barron, Richard J. Anderson, and Daniel J. Graham. "Impacts of Unattended Train Operations on Productivity and Efficiency in Metropolitan Railways." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2534, no. 1 (2015): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2534-10.

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Urban metro subway systems (metros) around the world are choosing increasing levels of automation for new and existing lines: the global length of metro lines capable of unattended train operation (UTO) is predicted to triple in the next 10 years. Despite significant investment in this technology, empirical evidence for the financial and service quality impacts of UTO in metros remains scarce. This study used questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with the Community of Metros and Nova Group benchmarking groups to assemble emerging evidence of how automation affected costs, staffing, service capacity, and reliability. The results from an analysis of data from 23 lines suggested that UTO could reduce staff numbers by 30% to 70%, with the amount of wage cost reduction depending on whether staff on UTO lines were paid more. On the basis of the experience of seven metros, the capital costs of lines capable of UTO were higher, but the internal rate of return had been estimated by two metros at 10% to 15%. Automated lines were capable of operating at the highest service frequencies of up to 42 trains per hour, and the limited available data suggested that automated lines were more reliable. The findings indicated that UTO was a means to a more flexible and reliable operating model that could increase metro productivity and efficiency. The study identified important work needed to understand the impacts of UTO and identify where statistical analyses would add value once sufficiently large data sets became available.

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Liu, Jianwei, Zheyong Wang, Peng Shan, Jinyu Wang, and Cuiping Wang. "Investigation and low energy improvement of the thermal environment of work areas in the Qingdao Metro in winter." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 41, no. 1 (2019): 60–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624419867198.

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Few studies have investigated the thermal environment of the work area hall in underground metro stations during winter. Two underground stations were chosen within Qingdao Metro Lines 2 and 3 to investigate the thermal environment in the work area hall in northern city metros in China. Air temperatures and wind velocity parameters were identified as key influencing factors and were continuously measured in the work area. The study found that the thermal environment fluctuates frequently in the work area throughout the day. Changes in temperatures and wind speeds were periodically caused by piston wind flowing from the platform level. To improve this heating situation in the work area in winter, the study proposes recycling waste heat from the power equipment rooms, using the air source but through the water cycle heat pump system. Insights from the study may help save energy and improve the thermal environment, and could be applied across metro stations in north China cities in winter. Practical application: The thermal comfort of the working area in the metro station hall is extremely poor as indicated by a study of Qingdao Metro stations. This paper explores the application of a heat pump as a means of heating the working area to improve the cold and damp winter environment for the metro staff using waste heat from the machine rooms.

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Cui, Yue, Kai Zheng, Dingshan Cui, et al. "METRO." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 15, no. 2 (2021): 224–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3489496.3489503.

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Multivariate time series forecasting has been drawing increasing attention due to its prevalent applications. It has been commonly assumed that leveraging latent dependencies between pairs of variables can enhance prediction accuracy. However, most existing methods suffer from static variable relevance modeling and ignorance of correlation between temporal scales, thereby failing to fully retain the dynamic and periodic interdependencies among variables, which are vital for long- and short-term forecasting. In this paper, we propose METRO, a generic framework with multi-scale temporal graphs neural networks, which models the dynamic and cross-scale variable correlations simultaneously. By representing the multivariate time series as a series of temporal graphs, both intra- and inter-step correlations can be well preserved via message-passing and node embedding update. To enable information propagation across temporal scales, we design a novel sampling strategy to align specific steps between higher and lower scales and fuse the cross-scale information efficiently. Moreover, we provide a modular interpretation of existing GNN-based time series forecasting works as specific instances under our framework. Extensive experiments conducted on four benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach. METRO has been successfully deployed onto the time series analytics platform of Huawei Cloud, where a one-month online test demonstrated that up to 20% relative improvement over state-of-the-art models w.r.t. RSE can be achieved.

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DeHon, A., F. Chong, M. Becker, et al. "METRO." ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News 22, no. 2 (1994): 266–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/192007.192038.

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Journalist, Print. "Shanghai Metro Constructs an “Intelligent Metro”." New Metro 1, no. 1 (2020): 64–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37819/nm.001.01.0080.

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The World Artificial Intelligence (AI) Conference 2020 opened in Shanghai on July 9, 2020. The AI application scenarios presented by Shanghai Shentong Metro Group Co., Ltd. (Shentong Metro Group) have attracted a lot of attention of visitors. On July 9, 2020, the total passenger flow of Shanghai Metro exceeded 10 million, reaching 10.048 million, and Shanghai will enter the normal state of “ten million passenger flow” every day. At present, the operating mileage of Shanghai Metro reaches 705km, ranking first in the world. According to the new line planning and construction trend, the Shanghai Metro network will continue to expand, and there will be even more passenger flows in the future.

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Gracher, Kherian. "Teria o Metro-Padrão um metro?" Principia: an international journal of epistemology 19, no. 3 (2016): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1808-1711.2015v19n3p465.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1808-1711.2015v19n3p465Saul Kripke (1972) argued for the existence of a priori propositions that are contingently true. Kripke uses the example of a case presented by Wittgenstein (1953) about the Standard Meter of Paris. The Standard Meter is an object to determine the standard lenght, in the measure system, of a one meter unit. Wittgenstein argued that we can’t affirm that the Standard Meter has one meter, since it is the standard for measure and works as a rule in the language. Therefore, the phrase “the standard meter has one meter” doesn’t have a truth-value. On the other hand, Kripke argued that that phrase expresses a true proposition and can be known a priori by whom stipulated that this object will be the standard for measure. I will argue in favor a kripkean position, analyzing the dispute and thereafter answering possible objections from proponents of the wittgensteinian position.

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Tian, Qing, Bo Li, Hongquan Qu, Liping Pang, Weihang Zhao, and Yue Han. "Probabilistic Forecasting Method of Metro Station Environment Based on Autoregressive LSTM Network." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (June 12, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2858471.

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With the increasing number of metros, the comfort and safety of crew and passengers in metro stations have been paid great attention. The environment forecasting has become very important for decision-making. The outputs of the traditional point prediction methods are some exact values in the future. However, it might be closer to the real conditions that the predicted variables are given a probability range with a different confidence rather than exact values. This paper proposes a probabilistic forecasting method of metro station environment based on autoregressive Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) network. It has a good performance to quantify the uncertainty of environment trend in a metro station. Seven-day field tests were carried out to obtain the measured data of 7 internal environmental parameters in a metro station and 8 external environment parameters. In order to ensure the prediction performance, the random forest algorithm is used to select the input variables for the proposed probabilistic forecasting method. The selected input variables and the previous predicted values are as the input variables to build the probabilistic forecasting model. The proposed method can realize to predict the probabilistic distribution of internal environmental parameters in a metro station. This work may contribute to prevent emergency events and regulate environment control system reasonably.

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Chang, Zheng. "Financing new metros—The Beijing metro financing sustainability study." Transport Policy 32 (March 2014): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2014.01.009.

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Hemant K, Sharma, Roy Bidhan C, and Dewanjee Biswanath. "Kolkata Metro including the East West Metro." IABSE Symposium Report 101, no. 20 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137813808626777.

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Pezzin, Angelica Cristina, and Filho Manoel da Silva. "Cronômetro digital para medir o tempo de resposta na audiometria tonal limiar acoplado diretamente ao audiômetro." Núcleo do Conhecimento 01, no. 01 (2025): 40–54. https://doi.org/10.32749/nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/saude/audiometria-tonal.

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A audiometria tonal limiar é baseada em medidas da amplitude versus frequência dos tons, sendo utilizada para estimar os limiares auditivos e a capacidade de processar informações. Os audiômetros disponíveis comercialmente não registram simultaneamente os tempos de resposta em função dos estímulos, e quando associada às características do indivíduo são essenciais para avaliar o processamento auditivo, por exemplo. Objetivo: Produzir um cronômetro digital acoplável diretamente a audiômetros capaz de medir precisamente o tempo de resposta na audiometria tonal limiar. Métodos: O cronômetro digital foi desenvolvido e acoplado ao audiômetro para medir o tempo de resposta. Para confirmar o desempenho do dispositivo, duas populações (jovens e idosos), com dois tipos de estímulos (tons puros contínuos e tons modulados em frequência), aplicados no limiar auditivo de cada frequência da audiometria tonal limiar, foram avaliadas. Resultados: Jovens e idosos apresentaram tempos de resposta menores para as frequências mais altas em comparação com as frequências mais baixas. Idosos apresentaram tempos de resposta maiores em comparação aos jovens. Jovens tiveram respostas semelhantes em todas as frequências para os dois estímulos, enquanto idosos responderam significativamente mais rápido quando submetidos aos tons modulados em frequência. Conclusão: A mensuração precisa dos tempos de resposta por meio de um cronômetro digital conectado diretamente ao audiômetro pode ser mais uma ferramenta de apoio para o diagnóstico e prognóstico baseado na audiometria tonal limiar, como demonstrado nesse trabalho.

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Shao, Chun-Hao, and Chun-Wei Hsu. "Evacuation Time on an Elevated Metro of a Station Building: A Case Study on A18 Taoyuan HSR Station." Journal of Disaster Research 19, no. 6 (2024): 981–90. https://doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2024.p0981.

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The increasing adoption of public transport, especially metros, has facilitated the need for efficient transport management. This, in turn, has resulted in a radical movement of people via metro stations. The recent advances in mass-rapid transportation may be attributed to the urgent demand for efficient ways to perform evacuations when disasters arise. This study provides specific suggestions for seamless evacuation to improve security in metro stations in the case of disasters by simulating an evacuation at the A18 Station of Taoyuan Metro using the buildingEXODUS software. We specifically focus on ensuring the safety of people during evacuation and avoiding stampedes. After a thorough analysis of various literature, we suggest efficient management of direction lighting in payment gates and the emergency exit on the 3rd platform floor of the station. The outcomes and findings of the research can help implement smooth and efficient evacuation of people in the Taoyuan HSR Station in the cases of disasters in the forthcoming years.

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Sales Júnior, Rui, Silvio C. S. Ito, Joyce Michelle de M. Rocha, Alessandra M. Salviano, Joaquim Amaro Filho, and Glauber Henrique S. Nunes. "Aspectos quantitativos e qualitativos de melão cultivado sob doses de fertilizantes orgânicos." Horticultura Brasileira 23, no. 3 (2005): 718–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362005000300005.

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A produtividade e qualidade do melão cultivado sob doses de fertilizantes orgânicos foram avaliados em experimento realizado de agosto a novembro de 2002 em campos de produção comercial no estado do Ceará. O híbrido de melão AF 646 (sementes Sakata) foi semeado diretamente com espaçamento de dois metros entre linhas e meio metro entre plantas. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: 1) 100 g de Ribumin® por metro linear; 2) 150 g de Ribumin® por metro linear 3) 200 g de Ribumin® por metro linear; 4) 1400 g de composto Pole® por metro linear; 5) 700 g de composto Pole® + 100 g Ribumin® por metro linear, respectivamente e 6) testemunha sem adição de composto. Todos os tratamentos foram aplicados um dia antes da semeadura. Após a colheita os frutos foram contados e uma amostra aleatória de quatro frutos por parcela foi retirada para análise no laboratório. As variáveis analisadas foram peso dos frutos (PF), peso estimado da produtividade (PE) diâmetros longitudinal (DL) e transversal dos frutos (DT), espessura de polpa (EP), teor de sólidos solúveis totais (SST) e firmeza de polpa (FP). A produtividade foi calculada com os dados de número de frutos (NF) por parcela e peso médio de frutos. Avaliou-se também o custo de produção. A análise de variância revelou significância para as variáveis PF, PE, DL, EP e SST. As médias do DL e da EP e SST apresentaram diferença significativa entre a testemunha e os demais tratamentos que não diferiram entre si. Apesar de não ter sido constatada diferença estatística significativa entre as médias de produtividade, para os tratamentos onde se adicionou fertilizante orgânico, observou-se que os tratamentos nos quais foram utilizados o fertilizante Ribumin® apresentaram os menores custos de produção.

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Davare, Abhijit, Douglas Densmore, Liangpeng Guo, et al. "metro II." ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems 12, no. 1s (2013): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2435227.2435245.

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Zimmerman, Joseph A. "Metro Trends." National Civic Review 76, no. 6 (1987): 501–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ncr.4100760607.

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Zimmerman, Joseph. "Metro trends." National Civic Review 77, no. 2 (1988): 156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ncr.4100770209.

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Zimmerman, Joseph. "Metro trends." National Civic Review 78, no. 3 (1989): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ncr.4100780311.

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Zimmerman, Joseph F. "Metro trends." National Civic Review 78, no. 5 (1989): 371–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ncr.4100780507.

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Zimmerman, Joseph F. "Metro trends." National Civic Review 79, no. 1 (1990): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ncr.4100790107.

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Zimmerman, Joseph F. "Metro trends." National Civic Review 79, no. 2 (1990): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ncr.4100790209.

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Zimmerman, Joseph F. "Metro trends." National Civic Review 79, no. 4 (1990): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ncr.4100790411.

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Rizzo, Agatino. "Metro Doha." Cities 31 (April 2013): 533–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2011.11.011.

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Cyroň, David, Štefan Ivor, Petr Hybský, and Karel Rossler. "Prague Metro." Geomechanics and Tunnelling 7, no. 3 (2014): 230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/geot.201400016.

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Darshit, Mehta, and Kumari Dungi Jagath. "PPP for Metro Project: A Case Study of Hyderabad Metro." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 10, no. 2 (2021): 51–55. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.A5921.0710221.

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The new metro rail policy was enacted by the government of India in the year 2017. Under this policy, under section xiv, the Government of India (GOI) made it compulsory to seek Public-Private Partnership (PPP) for metro projects which are intending to seek financial assistance from the central government. Hyderabad Metro is by far the largest metro project to be executed under PPP, but is it successful? This paper investigates various factors that affected the timeline of the Hyderabad metro. It evaluates various aspects in the preconstruction, construction, and post-construction phase of the Hyderabad metro. Finally, suggestions are made in the form of conclusions that would increase the likelihood of a successful PPP in the metro.

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Botelle, Matthew, Patrick McSheffrey, Petros Zouzoulas, and Anthony Burchell. "Dubai Metro: building the world's longest driverless metro." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Civil Engineering 165, no. 3 (2012): 114–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/cien.11.00071.

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Wu, Tao, Mingjing Li, and Ye Zhou. "Measuring Metro Accessibility: An Exploratory Study of Wuhan Based on Multi-Source Urban Data." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 12, no. 1 (2023): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12010018.

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Metro accessibility has attracted interest in sustainable transport analyses. Hence, the accuracy of metro-accessibility measures have become increasingly vital. Various spatiotemporal factors, including by-metro accessibility, land-use accessibility and to-metro accessibility, affect metro accessibility; however, measuring metro accessibility while considering all these components simultaneously is challenging. By integrating these factors into a unified analysis framework, this study aims to strengthen the method for metro-accessibility assessment. Specifically, we proposed the “By metro–Land use–To metro” model to conduct a metro-accessibility index and develop an accessibility-based station typology. The results show that Wuhan metro system accessibility presented a “high-medium-low” spatial disparity from the urban center to the periphery. Meanwhile, the variety of metro-accessibility characteristics and typologies in Wuhan will equip urban planners and policymakers with a useful tool for better organising by-metro accessibility, land-use accessibility and to-metro accessibility.

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Bele, Ioan, and Liviu Sevastian Bocïi. "Modificaciones requeridas paralelamente con el cambio del sistema de accionamiento del metro de Bucarest." Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia, no. 26 (November 30, 2002): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.326374.

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En la operación del metro se han encontrado defectos que no están relacionados solamente con el motor eléctrico de tracción o con la regulación reostática de la velocidad sino que son provocados por la fiabilidad reducida de los componentes del esquema de accionamiento y de control. En este trabajo se presentan las modificaciones necesarias para el perfeccionamiento del sistema de accionamiento y para el incremento de la fiabilidad de los componentes del esquema de mando. Las principales modificaciones son:• La simplificación del conjunto de cables de fuerza y de control concomitante con la reducción del consumo que, por el momento, es de casi 1.000 m/REM (metros de cable /rama eléctrica de metro, o sea metros de cableado por unidad eléctrica de tren metropolitano, m/REM).• El perfeccionamiento del bloque autómata de control de la velocidad reemplazándolo con el Autómata programable.• El diseño de esquemas eléctricos de fiabilidad mayor.• Si se utiliza el sistema de accionamiento con máquina de corriente continua, entonces su transformación para incrementar su fiabilidad y reducir volumen y peso.• El reemplazo del convertidor rotativo por uno estático.• El diseño general que aumente la accesibilidad a todos los componentes del vehículo.Las modificaciones propuestas y puestas en práctica por los autores conducen a la modernización de las ramas del metro eliminando, en este modo, la aparición de los defectos de los componentes del esquema de control y accionamiento.

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Canavan, Shane, Alexander Barron, Judith Cohen, Daniel J. Graham, and Richard J. Anderson. "Best Practices in Operating High Frequency Metro Services." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 9 (2019): 491–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119845356.

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Most metro rail systems worldwide are facing increasing demand and the need to deliver additional capacity in key corridors. Although total capacity reflects the combination of train capacity and frequency, increasing frequency is the primary strategy to increase capacity on existing lines where infrastructure is fixed. Higher frequencies also increase efficiency, by attracting more passengers and making existing journeys faster, thereby making better use of expensive rail infrastructure and increasing both metro revenues and wider economics benefits to the cities they serve. This paper is based on a study conducted for the Community of Metros, a worldwide group of metro systems, which surveyed 17 high frequency lines. The paper first documents the characteristics of high frequency lines [with 25 trains per hour (tph) or more defined as “high frequency” and 30 tph or more as “very high frequency”] and presents the various constraints to higher frequency operations, including how they interact and the various possible solutions. Five main categories of constraints were identified, relating to signaling and train control, station and train crowding, fleet, terminal turnarounds, and service complexity. To achieve the highest frequencies, it is essential for metro systems to take a holistic approach and identify not only the immediate constraints but also secondary and tertiary constraints that may prevent the full benefits of improvements from being realized. This paper provides guidance to those operating, funding, planning, and designing metro systems in how to maximize frequency and thereby deliver greater benefits to riders, transit agencies, and stakeholders.

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Zhong, Litao. "Metropolitan Spillover Effects and Economic Growth of Non-Metropolitan Areas: Evidence from Indiana Counties." International Journal of Regional Development 3, no. 2 (2016): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijrd.v3i2.9938.

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This paper examines the importance of metropolitan spillover effects on the economic growth of non-metropolitan counties in the state of Indiana by using panel data from 2003 to 2013. I hypothesize that metro economic size and non-metro counties’ locations, along with other metro social and economic factors, will have significant impact on non-metro counties’ economic growth. Based on the results from the Random-effects Generalized Least Squares (GLS) and the population-averaged Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) regressions, metro GDP and population have significant, positive impacts on non-metro counties’ economic growth, while non-metro counties’ locations (i.e., the distance to a metro county), metro K-12 school enrollment, the wage gap and the number of commuters between metro and non-metro areas have significant, negative effects on the economic growth of non-metro counties in Indiana. Some of the dummy variables also showed significant association with the non-metro counties’ economic well-being.

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Fu, Xiao, and Yu Gu. "Impact of a New Metro Line: Analysis of Metro Passenger Flow and Travel Time Based on Smart Card Data." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (August 19, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9247102.

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Over the past few decades, massive volumes of smart card data from metro systems have been used to investigate passengers’ mobility patterns and assess the performance of metro network. With the rapid development of urban rail transit in densely populated areas, new metro lines are constantly designed and operated in recent years. The appearance of new metro lines may significantly affect passenger flow and travel time in the metro network. In this study, smart card data of metro system from Nanjing, China, are used to study the changes of metro passenger flow and travel time due to the operation of a new metro line (i.e., Line 4, opened on 18 January 2017). The impact of the new metro line on passenger flow distribution and travel time in the metro network is first analysed. As commuting is one of the major purposes of metro trips, the impact of the new metro line on commuters’ trips is then explicitly investigated. The results show that the new metro line influences passenger flow, travel time, and travel time reliability in the metro network and has different impacts on different categories of commuters.

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Nie, Lichao, Zhao Ma, Chengkun Wang, et al. "Integrated ERT, Seismic, and Electrical Resistivity Imaging for Geological Prospecting on Metro Line R3 in Qingdao, China." Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics 24, no. 4 (2019): 537–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/jeeg24.04.537.

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Metros are mass rapid-transit systems that have helped solve commuting problems for residents of metropolises throughout the world. However, adverse geological structures, leading to problem such as water inrush and mud gushing, pose a major threat to metro construction. Geophysical survey techniques provide quick and relatively inexpensive ways to detect adverse geological structures ahead of the tunnel face. Left line of the R3 metro tunnel in Qingdao, China will pass an aquifer sand layer under the Wolong River. To map the geological conditions below the river, we proposed a comprehensive prospecting method that would combine the merits of surface electrical resistivity imaging (S-ERT), seismic ahead prospecting, and tunnel-face and borehole electrical resistivity imaging (TBERI). The prospecting scheme was effectively revealed in a numerical model analysis, in which the stratum distribution was reconstructed using S-ERT. Field tests validated the synthetic results. The ahead prospecting scheme was able to reconstruct the distribution of an aquifer sand layer. Based on the results obtained, we believe that, the proposed scheme could play an important role in metro tunnel construction.

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ALAS, Birol. "Metro İstasyonları ve Metro Hatları Çevrelerinin Konut Alt Piyasasına Etkisi: İstanbul Kadıköy-Tavşantepe Metro Hattı." Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Sciences and Engineering 21, no. 4 (2021): 864–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.933675.

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Cao, Yi, Xiaolei Hou, and Nan Chen. "Short-Term Forecast of OD Passenger Flow Based on Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition." Sustainability 14, no. 14 (2022): 8562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148562.

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The development of metro systems can be a good solution to many problems in urban transport and promote sustainable urban development. A metro system plays an important role in urban public transit, and the passenger-flow forecasting is fundamental to assisting operators in establishing an intelligent transport system (ITS). In order to accurately predict the passenger flow of urban metros in different periods and provide a scientific basis for schedule planning, a short-term metro passenger-flow prediction model is constructed by integrating ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and long short-term memory neural network (LSTM) to solve the problem that the existing empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is prone to modal aliasing. According to the processed metro-card data, the time series of historical OD data of metro passenger flow is obtained. After EEMD modal decomposition, several intrinsic mode functions sub-items and residual items are obtained. Then, an LSTM network is constructed for prediction. The time step of the network is decided according to the partial autocorrelation functions. The prediction results of intrinsic mode function (IMF) and residual items are integrated to obtain prediction results. The station is classified according to the land types around the station, and the model is tested by using the metro automatic fare collection (AFC) data. In order to test the actual prediction, a different number of training set samples are selected to predict. The measured data of the next day is continuously added to the original training set to compare the prediction accuracy. The results show that the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE) of the EEMD-LSTM model are better than the EMD-LSTM in predicting the OD value of commercial–residential stations and scenic–residential stations. Compared with the EMD-LSTM model, the EEMD-LSTM model showed an average reduction by 3.112% in MAPE values and 15.889 in RMSE, indicating that the EEMD-LSTM has higher prediction accuracy, and EEMD-LSTM model has higher accuracy in short-term metro passenger-flow prediction. The average MAPE for the 35-to-42-day historical data sample decreased from 13.02% to 10.39% with a decreasing trend. It shows that the prediction accuracy keeps improving as the training set samples increase.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Metro'

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